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Chen Q, Zheng Y, Jiang X, Wang Y, Chen Z, Wu D. Nature's carriers: leveraging extracellular vesicles for targeted drug delivery. Drug Deliv 2024; 31:2361165. [PMID: 38832506 DOI: 10.1080/10717544.2024.2361165] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2023] [Accepted: 05/14/2024] [Indexed: 06/05/2024] Open
Abstract
With the rapid development of drug delivery systems, extracellular vesicles (EVs) have emerged as promising stars for improving targeting abilities and realizing effective delivery. Numerous studies have shown when compared to conventional strategies in targeted drug delivery (TDD), EVs-based strategies have several distinguished advantages besides targeting, such as participating in cell-to-cell communications and immune response, showing high biocompatibility and stability, penetrating through biological barriers, etc. In this review, we mainly focus on the mass production of EVs including the challenges and strategies for scaling up EVs production in a cost-effective and reproducible manner, the loading and active targeting methods, and examples of EVs as vehicles for TDD in consideration of potential safety and regulatory issues associated. We also conclude and discuss the rigor and reproducibility of EVs production, the current research status of the application of EVs-based strategies to targeted drug delivery, clinical conversion prospects, and existing chances and challenges.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qi Chen
- Interdisciplinary Institute for Medical Engineering, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, P. R. China
| | - Yuyi Zheng
- Key Laboratory of Neuropharmacology and Translational Medicine of Zhejiang Province, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xuhong Jiang
- Epilepsy Center, Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, PR China
| | - Yi Wang
- Key Laboratory of Neuropharmacology and Translational Medicine of Zhejiang Province, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
- Zhejiang Rehabilitation Medical Center, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang, Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, PR China
| | - Zhong Chen
- Key Laboratory of Neuropharmacology and Translational Medicine of Zhejiang Province, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
- Epilepsy Center, Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, PR China
| | - Di Wu
- Key Laboratory of Neuropharmacology and Translational Medicine of Zhejiang Province, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
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2
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Xu H, Huang K, Shi M, Gong H, Han M, Tian W, Wang X, Zhang D. MicroRNAs in Helicobacter pylori-infected gastric cancer: Function and clinical application. Pharmacol Res 2024; 205:107216. [PMID: 38761883 DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2024.107216] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2024] [Revised: 05/10/2024] [Accepted: 05/11/2024] [Indexed: 05/20/2024]
Abstract
Gastric cancer (GC) is the leading cause of cancer-related death worldwide, and it is associated with a combination of genetic, environmental, and microbial risk factors. Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) is classified as a type I carcinogen, however, the exact regulatory mechanisms underlying H. pylori-induced GC are incompletely defined. MicroRNAs (miRNAs), one of small non-coding RNAs, negatively regulate gene expression through binding to their target genes. Dysregulation of miRNAs is crucial in human cancer. A noteworthy quantity of aberrant miRNAs induced by H. pylori through complex regulatory networks have been identified. These miRNAs substantially affect genetic instability, cell proliferation, apoptosis, invasion, metastasis, autophagy, chemoresistance, and the tumor microenvironment, leading to GC development and progression. Importantly, some H. pylori-associated miRNAs hold promise as therapeutic tools and biomarkers for GC prevention, diagnosis, and prognosis. Nonetheless, clinical application of miRNAs remains in its infancy with multiple issues, including sensitivity and specificity, stability, reliable delivery systems, and off-target effects. Additional research on the specific molecular mechanisms and more clinical data are still required. This review investigated the biogenesis, regulatory mechanisms, and functions of miRNAs in H. pylori-induced GC, offering novel insights into the potential clinical applications of miRNA-based therapeutics and biomarkers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huimei Xu
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Second Hospital & Clinical Medical School, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730030, China; Key Laboratory of Digestive Diseases, The Second Hospital & Clinical Medical School, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730030, China
| | - Ke Huang
- Key Laboratory of Preclinical Study for New Drugs of Gansu Province, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730030, China; Key Laboratory of Dental Maxillofacial Reconstruction and Biological Intelligence Manufacturing, School of Stomatology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730030, China
| | - Mingxuan Shi
- Key Laboratory of Dental Maxillofacial Reconstruction and Biological Intelligence Manufacturing, School of Stomatology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730030, China
| | - Hang Gong
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Second Hospital & Clinical Medical School, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730030, China; Key Laboratory of Digestive Diseases, The Second Hospital & Clinical Medical School, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730030, China
| | - Mengyu Han
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Second Hospital & Clinical Medical School, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730030, China; Key Laboratory of Digestive Diseases, The Second Hospital & Clinical Medical School, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730030, China
| | - Wenji Tian
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Second Hospital & Clinical Medical School, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730030, China; Key Laboratory of Digestive Diseases, The Second Hospital & Clinical Medical School, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730030, China
| | - Xiaoying Wang
- Department of Emergency, The Second Hospital & Clinical Medical School, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730030, China.
| | - Dekui Zhang
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Second Hospital & Clinical Medical School, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730030, China; Key Laboratory of Digestive Diseases, The Second Hospital & Clinical Medical School, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730030, China.
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3
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Jiang Y, Zhou H, Liu J, Ha W, Xia X, Li J, Chao T, Xiong H. Progress and Innovative Combination Therapies in Trop-2-Targeted ADCs. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2024; 17:652. [PMID: 38794221 PMCID: PMC11125602 DOI: 10.3390/ph17050652] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2024] [Revised: 05/12/2024] [Accepted: 05/15/2024] [Indexed: 05/26/2024] Open
Abstract
Precise targeting has become the main direction of anti-cancer drug development. Trophoblast cell surface antigen 2 (Trop-2) is highly expressed in different solid tumors but rarely in normal tissues, rendering it an attractive target. Trop-2-targeted antibody-drug conjugates (ADCs) have displayed promising efficacy in treating diverse solid tumors, especially breast cancer and urothelial carcinoma. However, their clinical application is still limited by insufficient efficacy, excessive toxicity, and the lack of biological markers related to effectiveness. This review summarizes the clinical trials and combination therapy strategies for Trop-2-targeted ADCs, discusses the current challenges, and provides new insights for future advancements.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Tengfei Chao
- Department of Oncology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China; (Y.J.); (H.Z.); (J.L.); (W.H.); (X.X.); (J.L.)
| | - Huihua Xiong
- Department of Oncology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China; (Y.J.); (H.Z.); (J.L.); (W.H.); (X.X.); (J.L.)
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4
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Shams SGE, Ocampo RJ, Rahman S, Makhlouf MM, Ali J, Elnashar MM, Ebrahim HL, Abd Elmageed ZY. Decoding the secrets of small extracellular vesicle communications: exploring the inhibition of vesicle-associated pathways and interception strategies for cancer treatment. Am J Cancer Res 2024; 14:1957-1980. [PMID: 38859839 PMCID: PMC11162651 DOI: 10.62347/jwmx3035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2024] [Accepted: 03/12/2024] [Indexed: 06/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Cancer disease is the second leading cause of death worldwide. In 2023, about 2 million new cancer cases and 609,820 cancer deaths are projected to occur in the United States. The driving forces of cancer progression and metastasis are widely varied and comprise multifactorial events. Although there is significant success in treating cancer, patients still present with tumors at advanced stages. Therefore, the discovery of novel oncologic pathways has been widely developed. Tumor cells communicate with each other through small extracellular vesicles (sEVs), which contribute to tumor-stromal interaction and promote tumor growth and metastasis. sEV-specific inhibitors are being investigated as a next-generation cancer therapy. A literature search was conducted to discuss different options for targeting sEV pathways in cancer cells. However, there are some challenges that need to be addressed in targeting sEVs: i) specificity and toxicity of sEV inhibitor, ii) targeted delivery of sEV inhibitors, iii) combination of sEV inhibitors with current standard chemotherapy to improve patients' clinical outcomes, and iv) data reproducibility and applicability at distinct levels of the disease. Despite these challenges, sEV inhibitors have immense potential for effectively treating cancer patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shams GE Shams
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Discipline of Pharmacology, Edward Via College of Osteopathic Medicine (VCOM)Monroe, LA 71203, USA
| | - Ron-Joseph Ocampo
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Discipline of Pharmacology, Edward Via College of Osteopathic Medicine (VCOM)Monroe, LA 71203, USA
| | - Sanna Rahman
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Discipline of Pharmacology, Edward Via College of Osteopathic Medicine (VCOM)Monroe, LA 71203, USA
| | - Maysoon M Makhlouf
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Discipline of Pharmacology, Edward Via College of Osteopathic Medicine (VCOM)Monroe, LA 71203, USA
| | - Jihad Ali
- School of Medicine, Medipol UniversityKavacik, Beykoz 34810, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Magdy M Elnashar
- School of Medicine, Pharmacy and Biomedical Sciences, Curtin UniversityBentley, WA 6102, Australia
| | - Hassan L Ebrahim
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Discipline of Pharmacology, Edward Via College of Osteopathic Medicine (VCOM)Monroe, LA 71203, USA
| | - Zakaria Y Abd Elmageed
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Discipline of Pharmacology, Edward Via College of Osteopathic Medicine (VCOM)Monroe, LA 71203, USA
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Shojaeian A, Naeimi Torshizi SR, Parsapasand MS, Amjad ZS, Khezrian A, Alibakhshi A, Yun F, Baghaei K, Amini R, Pecic S. Harnessing exosomes in theranostic applications: advancements and insights in gastrointestinal cancer research. Discov Oncol 2024; 15:162. [PMID: 38743146 PMCID: PMC11093943 DOI: 10.1007/s12672-024-01024-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2024] [Accepted: 05/08/2024] [Indexed: 05/16/2024] Open
Abstract
Exosomes are small extracellular vesicles (30-150 nm) that are formed by endocytosis containing complex RNA as well as protein structures and are vital in intercellular communication and can be used in gene therapy and drug delivery. According to the cell sources of origin and the environmental conditions they are exposed to, these nanovesicles are very heterogeneous and dynamic in terms of content (cargo), size and membrane composition. Exosomes are released under physiological and pathological conditions and influence the pathogenesis of cancers through various mechanisms, including angiogenesis, metastasis, immune dysregulation, drug resistance, and tumor growth/development. Gastrointestinal cancer is one of the deadliest types of cancer in humans and can involve organs e.g., the esophagus and stomach, or others such as the liver, pancreas, small intestine, and colon. Early diagnosis is very important in this field because the overall survival of patients is low due to diagnosis in late stages and recurrence. Also, various therapeutic strategies have failed and there is an unmet need for the new therapeutic agents. Exosomes can become promising candidates in gastrointestinal cancers as biomarkers and therapeutic agents due to their lower immunity and passing the main physiological barriers. In this work, we provide a general overview of exosomes, their biogenesis and biological functions. In addition, we discuss the potential of exosomes to serve as biomarkers, agents in cancer treatment, drug delivery systems, and effective vaccines in immunotherapy, with an emphasis on gastrointestinal cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ali Shojaeian
- Research Center for Molecular Medicine, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
| | - S R Naeimi Torshizi
- Research Center for Molecular Medicine, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
| | - Mahsa Sadat Parsapasand
- Research Center for Molecular Medicine, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
| | - Zahra Sobhi Amjad
- Department of Microbiology, School of Medicine, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Ali Khezrian
- Research Center for Molecular Medicine, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
| | - Abbas Alibakhshi
- Research Center for Molecular Medicine, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
| | - Faye Yun
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, California State University, Fullerton, USA
| | - Kaveh Baghaei
- Olivia Newton-John Cancer and Research Institute, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
- School of Cancer Medicine, La Trobe University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
- Basic and Molecular Epidemiology of Gastrointestinal Disorders Research Center, Research Institute for Gastroenterology and Liver Diseases, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Razieh Amini
- Research Center for Molecular Medicine, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran.
| | - Stevan Pecic
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, California State University, Fullerton, USA.
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Zhao JM, Wang YK, Shi BW, Wang YX, Jiang YF, Yang GL, Gao XD, Qiang T. Microwave biosensor for the detection of growth inhibition of human liver cancer cells at different concentrations of chemotherapeutic drug. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2024; 12:1398189. [PMID: 38803847 PMCID: PMC11128630 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2024.1398189] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2024] [Accepted: 04/23/2024] [Indexed: 05/29/2024] Open
Abstract
Cytotoxicity assays are crucial for assessing the efficacy of drugs in killing cancer cells and determining their potential therapeutic value. Measurement of the effect of drug concentration, which is an influence factor on cytotoxicity, is of great importance. This paper proposes a cytotoxicity assay using microwave sensors in an end-point approach based on the detection of the number of live cells for the first time. In contrast to optical methods like fluorescent labeling, this research uses a resonator-type microwave biosensor to evaluate the effects of drug concentrations on cytotoxicity by monitoring electrical parameter changes due to varying cell densities. Initially, the feasibility of treating cells with ultrapure water for cell counting by a microwave biosensor is confirmed. Subsequently, inhibition curves generated by both the CCK-8 method and the new microwave biosensor for various drug concentrations were compared and found to be congruent. This agreement supports the potential of microwave-based methods to quantify cell growth inhibition by drug concentrations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun-Ming Zhao
- School of Internet of Things Engineering, Institute of Advanced Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
| | - Yi-Ke Wang
- School of Internet of Things Engineering, Institute of Advanced Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
| | - Bo-Wen Shi
- School of Internet of Things Engineering, Institute of Advanced Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
| | - Yan-Xiong Wang
- School of Internet of Things Engineering, Institute of Advanced Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
| | - Yan-Feng Jiang
- School of Internet of Things Engineering, Institute of Advanced Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
| | - Gang-Long Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Biochemical Engineering, Institute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- Key Laboratory of Biopharmaceutical Preparation and Delivery, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Xiao-Dong Gao
- School of Biotechnology, the Key Laboratory of Carbohydrate Chemistry and Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
| | - Tian Qiang
- School of Internet of Things Engineering, Institute of Advanced Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
- School of Biotechnology, the Key Laboratory of Carbohydrate Chemistry and Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
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7
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Wang X, Wang C, Han W, Ma C, Sun J, Wang T, Hui Z, Lei S, Wang R. Bibliometric and visualized analysis of global research on microRNAs in gastric cancer: from 2013 to 2023. Front Oncol 2024; 14:1374743. [PMID: 38800413 PMCID: PMC11116657 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2024.1374743] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2024] [Accepted: 04/29/2024] [Indexed: 05/29/2024] Open
Abstract
Gastric cancer (GC) imposes a heavy burden on global public health, and microRNAs (miRNAs) play a crucial role in the diagnosis and treatment of GC. Therefore, it is necessary to clarify the hotspots and frontiers in the field of miRNAs in GC to guide future research. A total of 2,051 publications related to miRNAs in GC from January 2013 to December 2023 were searched from the Web of Science Core Collection database. CiteSpace was used to identify research hotspots and delineate developmental trends. In the past decade, China, Nanjing Medical University, and Ba Yi were the most contributing research country, institute, and author in this field, respectively. The role of miRNAs as biomarkers in GC, the mechanism of miRNAs in the progression of GC, and the impact of the mutual effects between miRNAs and Helicobacter pylori on GC have been regarded as the research hotspots. The mechanisms of miRNAs on glucose metabolism and the application of the roles of circular RNAs as miRNA sponges in GC treatment will likely be frontiers. Overall, this study called for strengthened cooperation to identify targets and therapeutic regimes for local specificity and high-risk GC types, and to promote the translation of research results into clinical practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoqin Wang
- Department of Pediatrics, the First Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, China
- School of Nursing, Xi’an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi’an, China
| | - Caihua Wang
- School of Nursing, Xi’an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi’an, China
| | - Wenjin Han
- School of Nursing, Xi’an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi’an, China
| | - Congmin Ma
- School of Nursing, Xi’an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi’an, China
| | - Jiaru Sun
- School of Nursing, Xi’an Vocational and Technical College, Xi’an, China
| | - Tianmeng Wang
- School of Nursing, Xi’an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi’an, China
| | - Zhaozhao Hui
- School of Public Health, Xi’an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi’an, China
| | - Shuangyan Lei
- Department of Radiotherapy, Shaanxi Cancer Hospital, Xi’an, China
| | - Ronghua Wang
- Department of Pediatrics, the First Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, China
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Zhang Q, Ren T, Cao K, Xu Z. Advances of machine learning-assisted small extracellular vesicles detection strategy. Biosens Bioelectron 2024; 251:116076. [PMID: 38340580 DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2024.116076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2023] [Revised: 01/22/2024] [Accepted: 01/23/2024] [Indexed: 02/12/2024]
Abstract
Detection of extracellular vesicles (EVs), particularly small EVs (sEVs), is of great significance in exploring their physiological characteristics and clinical applications. The heterogeneity of sEVs plays a crucial role in distinguishing different types of cells and diseases. Machine learning, with its exceptional data processing capabilities, offers a solution to overcome the limitations of conventional detection methods for accurately classifying sEV subtypes and sources. Principal component analysis, linear discriminant analysis, partial least squares discriminant analysis, XGBoost, support vector machine, k-nearest neighbor, and deep learning, along with some combined methods such as principal component-linear discriminant analysis, have been successfully applied in the detection and identification of sEVs. This review focuses on machine learning-assisted detection strategies for cell identification and disease prediction via sEVs, and summarizes the integration of these strategies with surface-enhanced Raman scattering, electrochemistry, inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry and fluorescence. The performance of different machine learning-based detection strategies is compared, and the advantages and limitations of various machine learning models are also evaluated. Finally, we discuss the merits and limitations of the current approaches and briefly outline the perspective of potential research directions in the field of sEV analysis based on machine learning.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qi Zhang
- Research Center for Analytical Sciences, Northeastern University, Shenyang, 110819, PR China
| | - Tingju Ren
- Research Center for Analytical Sciences, Northeastern University, Shenyang, 110819, PR China
| | - Ke Cao
- Research Center for Analytical Sciences, Northeastern University, Shenyang, 110819, PR China
| | - Zhangrun Xu
- Research Center for Analytical Sciences, Northeastern University, Shenyang, 110819, PR China.
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Sun T, Li M, Liu Q, Yu A, Cheng K, Ma J, Murphy S, McNutt PM, Zhang Y. Insights into optimizing exosome therapies for acute skin wound healing and other tissue repair. Front Med 2024; 18:258-284. [PMID: 38216854 DOI: 10.1007/s11684-023-1031-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2023] [Accepted: 09/15/2023] [Indexed: 01/14/2024]
Abstract
Exosome therapy holds great promise as a novel approach to improve acute skin wound healing. This review provides a comprehensive overview of the current understanding of exosome biology and its potential applications in acute skin wound healing and beyond. Exosomes, small extracellular vesicles secreted by various stem cells, have emerged as potent mediators of intercellular communication and tissue repair. One advantage of exosome therapy is its ability to avoid potential risks associated with stem cell therapy, such as immune rejection or stem cells differentiating into unwanted cell types. However, further research is necessary to optimize exosome therapy, not only in the areas of exosome isolation, characterization, and engineering, but also in determining the optimal dose, timing, administration, and frequency of exosome therapy. Thus, optimization of exosome therapy is critical for the development of more effective and safer exosome-based therapies for acute skin wound healing and other diseases induced by cancer, ischemia, or inflammation. This review provides valuable insights into the potential of exosome therapy and highlights the need for further research to optimize exosome therapy for clinical use.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tianjing Sun
- Department of Emergency, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, 563003, China
| | - Mo Li
- Department of Emergency, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, 563003, China
| | - Qi Liu
- Department of Nephrology, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, 563003, China.
| | - Anyong Yu
- Department of Emergency, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, 563003, China.
| | - Kun Cheng
- Division of Pharmacology and Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, University of Missouri-Kansas City, Kansas City, MO, 64108, USA
| | - Jianxing Ma
- Department of Biochemistry, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, 27157, USA
| | - Sean Murphy
- Wake Forest Institute of Regenerative Medicine, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, 27109, USA
| | - Patrick Michael McNutt
- Wake Forest Institute of Regenerative Medicine, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, 27109, USA
| | - Yuanyuan Zhang
- Wake Forest Institute of Regenerative Medicine, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, 27109, USA.
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10
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Díaz del Arco C, Fernández Aceñero MJ, Ortega Medina L. Liquid biopsy for gastric cancer: Techniques, applications, and future directions. World J Gastroenterol 2024; 30:1680-1705. [PMID: 38617733 PMCID: PMC11008373 DOI: 10.3748/wjg.v30.i12.1680] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2023] [Revised: 02/01/2024] [Accepted: 03/08/2024] [Indexed: 03/28/2024] Open
Abstract
After the study of circulating tumor cells in blood through liquid biopsy (LB), this technique has evolved to encompass the analysis of multiple materials originating from the tumor, such as nucleic acids, extracellular vesicles, tumor-educated platelets, and other metabolites. Additionally, research has extended to include the examination of samples other than blood or plasma, such as saliva, gastric juice, urine, or stool. LB techniques are diverse, intricate, and variable. They must be highly sensitive, and pre-analytical, patient, and tumor-related factors significantly influence the detection threshold, diagnostic method selection, and potential results. Consequently, the implementation of LB in clinical practice still faces several challenges. The potential applications of LB range from early cancer detection to guiding targeted therapy or immunotherapy in both early and advanced cancer cases, monitoring treatment response, early identification of relapses, or assessing patient risk. On the other hand, gastric cancer (GC) is a disease often diagnosed at advanced stages. Despite recent advances in molecular understanding, the currently available treatment options have not substantially improved the prognosis for many of these patients. The application of LB in GC could be highly valuable as a non-invasive method for early diagnosis and for enhancing the management and outcomes of these patients. In this comprehensive review, from a pathologist's perspective, we provide an overview of the main options available in LB, delve into the fundamental principles of the most studied techniques, explore the potential utility of LB application in the context of GC, and address the obstacles that need to be overcome in the future to make this innovative technique a game-changer in cancer diagnosis and treatment within clinical practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cristina Díaz del Arco
- Department of Surgical Pathology, Health Research Institute of the Hospital Clínico San Carlos, Hospital Clínico San Carlos, Madrid 28040, Spain
- Department of Legal Medicine, Psychiatry and Pathology, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Madrid 28040, Spain
| | - M Jesús Fernández Aceñero
- Department of Surgical Pathology, Health Research Institute of the Hospital Clínico San Carlos, Hospital Clínico San Carlos, Madrid 28040, Spain
- Department of Legal Medicine, Psychiatry and Pathology, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Madrid 28040, Spain
| | - Luis Ortega Medina
- Department of Surgical Pathology, Health Research Institute of the Hospital Clínico San Carlos, Hospital Clínico San Carlos, Madrid 28040, Spain
- Department of Legal Medicine, Psychiatry and Pathology, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Madrid 28040, Spain
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11
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Guan XL, Guan XY, Zhang ZY. Roles and application of exosomes in the development, diagnosis and treatment of gastric cancer. World J Gastrointest Oncol 2024; 16:630-642. [PMID: 38577463 PMCID: PMC10989387 DOI: 10.4251/wjgo.v16.i3.630] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2023] [Revised: 12/18/2023] [Accepted: 01/15/2024] [Indexed: 03/12/2024] Open
Abstract
As important messengers of intercellular communication, exosomes can regulate local and distant cellular communication by transporting specific exosomal contents and can also promote or suppress the development and progression of gastric cancer (GC) by regulating the growth and proliferation of tumor cells, the tumor-related immune response and tumor angiogenesis. Exosomes transport bioactive molecules including DNA, proteins, and RNA (coding and noncoding) from donor cells to recipient cells, causing reprogramming of the target cells. In this review, we will describe how exosomes regulate the cellular immune response, tumor angiogenesis, proliferation and metastasis of GC cells, and the role and mechanism of exosome-based therapy in human cancer. We will also discuss the potential application value of exosomes as biomarkers in the diagnosis and treatment of GC and their relationship with drug resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Li Guan
- Department of General Medicine, The Second Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730030, Gansu Province, China
| | - Xiao-Ying Guan
- Department of Pathology, The Second Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730030, Gansu Province, China
| | - Zheng-Yi Zhang
- Department of General Medicine, The Second Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730030, Gansu Province, China
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12
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Wang M, Shu H, Cheng X, Xiao H, Jin Z, Yao N, Mao S, Zong Z. Exosome as a crucial communicator between tumor microenvironment and gastric cancer (Review). Int J Oncol 2024; 64:28. [PMID: 38240092 PMCID: PMC10836496 DOI: 10.3892/ijo.2024.5616] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2023] [Accepted: 01/03/2024] [Indexed: 01/23/2024] Open
Abstract
Gastric cancer is one of the most common malignancies and has relatively high morbidity and mortality rates. Exosomes are nanoscale extracellular vesicles that originate from a diverse array of cells and may be found throughout various bodily fluids. These vesicles are endogenous nanocarriers in their natural state with the unique ability to transport lipids, proteins, DNA and RNA. Exosomes contain DNA, RNA, proteins, lipids and other bioactive components that have crucial roles in the transmission of information and regulation of cell activities in gastric cancer. This paper begins with an exploration of the composition, formation and release mechanisms of exosomes. Subsequently, the role of exosomes in the tumor microenvironment is reviewed in terms of the immune cell population, nonimmune cell population and other factors. Finally, the current status and challenges of exosome‑based research on the progression, diagnosis and therapeutic methods of gastric cancer are summarized. This holistic review offers insight that may guide future research directions for exosomes and potentially pave the way for novel therapeutic interventions in the management of gastric cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Menghui Wang
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Jiangxi Medical College, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330006, P.R. China
- HuanKui Academy, Jiangxi Medical College, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330006, P.R. China
| | - Hongxin Shu
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Jiangxi Medical College, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330006, P.R. China
| | - Xifu Cheng
- School of Ophthalmology and Optometry, Jiangxi Medical College, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330006, P.R. China
| | - Hong Xiao
- Queen Marry College, Jiangxi Medical College, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330006, P.R. China
| | - Zhenhua Jin
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Jiangxi Medical College, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330006, P.R. China
| | - Nan Yao
- Queen Marry College, Jiangxi Medical College, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330006, P.R. China
| | - Shengxun Mao
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Jiangxi Medical College, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330006, P.R. China
| | - Zhen Zong
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Jiangxi Medical College, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330006, P.R. China
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13
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WANG WEIXUE, WANG TONGTONG, ZHANG YAN, DENG TING, ZHANG HAIYANG, BA YI. Gastric cancer secreted miR-214-3p inhibits the anti-angiogenesis effect of apatinib by suppressing ferroptosis in vascular endothelial cells. Oncol Res 2024; 32:489-502. [PMID: 38370339 PMCID: PMC10874472 DOI: 10.32604/or.2023.046676] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2023] [Accepted: 11/24/2023] [Indexed: 02/20/2024] Open
Abstract
Different from necrosis, apoptosis, autophagy and other forms of cell death, ferroptosis is a mechanism that catalyzes lipid peroxidation of polyunsaturated fatty acids under the action of iron divalent or lipoxygenase, leading to cell death. Apatinib is currently used in the third-line standard treatment of advanced gastric cancer, targeting the anti-angiogenesis pathway. However, Apatinib-mediated ferroptosis in vascular endothelial cells has not been reported yet. Tumor-secreted exosomes can be taken up into target cells to regulate tumor development, but the mechanism related to vascular endothelial cell ferroptosis has not yet been discovered. Here, we show that exosomes secreted by gastric cancer cells carry miR-214-3p into vascular endothelial cells and directly target zinc finger protein A20 to negatively regulate ACSL4, a key enzyme of lipid peroxidation during ferroptosis, thereby inhibiting ferroptosis in vascular endothelial cells and reducing the efficiency of Apatinib. In conclusion, inhibition of miR-214-3p can increase the sensitivity of vascular endothelial cells to Apatinib, thereby promoting the antiangiogenic effect of Apatinib, suggesting a potential combination therapy for advanced gastric cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - YAN ZHANG
- Department of GI Medical Oncology, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin’s Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Digestive Cancer, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin, 300060, China
| | - TING DENG
- Department of GI Medical Oncology, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin’s Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Digestive Cancer, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin, 300060, China
| | - HAIYANG ZHANG
- Department of GI Medical Oncology, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin’s Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Digestive Cancer, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin, 300060, China
| | - YI BA
- Department of GI Medical Oncology, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin’s Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Digestive Cancer, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin, 300060, China
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14
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Chai T, Liu J, Liu Z, Fan R. Exosome-transported of circ_0081069 induces SPIN1 production by binding to miR-195-5p to inhibit radiosensitivity in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma. J Biochem Mol Toxicol 2024; 38:e23659. [PMID: 38348706 DOI: 10.1002/jbt.23659] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2023] [Revised: 01/10/2024] [Accepted: 01/18/2024] [Indexed: 02/15/2024]
Abstract
Circ_0081069 plays a key role in tumor growth; however, its effect on radiosensitivity in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) remains unknown. The study is performed to reveal the association of circ_0081069 expression and radiosensitivity in ESCC and the underlying mechanism. Circ_0081069, miR-195-5p, and spindlin 1 (SPIN1) RNA expression were detected by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction. Protein expression was checked by Western blot analysis or immunohistochemistry assay. Cell viability, proliferation, cell apoptosis, migration, and invasion were investigated by cell counting kit-8, 5-Ethynyl-29-deoxyuridine, flow cytometry analysis, scratch test, and transwell assays, respectively. The sensitivity of ESCC cells to radiation was investigated by cell colony formation assay. The interactions among circ_0081069, miR-195-5p, and SPIN1 were identified by dual-luciferase reporter assay and RNA Immunoprecipitation assay. Xenograft mouse model assay was performed to determine the effect of circ_0007841 on radiosensitivity in vivo. Circ_0081069 and SPIN1 expression were upregulated, whereas miR-195-5p was downregulated in ESCC tissues, ESCC cells, and radiation-stimulated ESCC cells. Circ_0081069 silencing inhibited ESCC cell proliferation, invasion, and migration but improved cell apoptosis. In addition, circ_0081069 knockdown enhanced ESCC cell radiosensitivity in vitro and in vivo. Circ_0081069 bound to miR-195-5p and regulated radiosensitivity by binding to miR-195-5p in ESCC cells. Moreover, SPIN1, a target of miR-195-5p, rescued miR-195-5p-mediated effects in ESCC cells. Circ_0081069 was secreted from ESCC cells by being packaged into exosomes. Further, circ_0081069-Exo inhibited radiosensitivity in ESCC cells. Exosome-mediated transfer of circ_0081069 induced SPIN1 production by binding to miR-195-5p, further inhibiting radiosensitivity in ESCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ting Chai
- Department of Radiotherapy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
- Department of Radiotherapy, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Junqi Liu
- Department of Radiotherapy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Zongwen Liu
- Department of Radiotherapy, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Ruitai Fan
- Department of Radiotherapy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
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15
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Li Y, Sui S, Goel A. Extracellular vesicles associated microRNAs: Their biology and clinical significance as biomarkers in gastrointestinal cancers. Semin Cancer Biol 2024; 99:5-23. [PMID: 38341121 DOI: 10.1016/j.semcancer.2024.02.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2023] [Revised: 01/26/2024] [Accepted: 02/04/2024] [Indexed: 02/12/2024]
Abstract
Gastrointestinal (GI) cancers, including colorectal, gastric, esophageal, pancreatic, and liver, are associated with high mortality and morbidity rates worldwide. One of the underlying reasons for the poor survival outcomes in patients with these malignancies is late disease detection, typically when the tumor has already advanced and potentially spread to distant organs. Increasing evidence indicates that earlier detection of these cancers is associated with improved survival outcomes and, in some cases, allows curative treatments. Consequently, there is a growing interest in the development of molecular biomarkers that offer promise for screening, diagnosis, treatment selection, response assessment, and predicting the prognosis of these cancers. Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are membranous vesicles released from cells containing a repertoire of biological molecules, including nucleic acids, proteins, lipids, and carbohydrates. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are the most extensively studied non-coding RNAs, and the deregulation of miRNA levels is a feature of cancer cells. EVs miRNAs can serve as messengers for facilitating interactions between tumor cells and the cellular milieu, including immune cells, endothelial cells, and other tumor cells. Furthermore, recent years have witnessed considerable technological advances that have permitted in-depth sequence profiling of these small non-coding RNAs within EVs for their development as promising cancer biomarkers -particularly non-invasive, liquid biopsy markers in various cancers, including GI cancers. Herein, we summarize and discuss the roles of EV-associated miRNAs as they play a seminal role in GI cancer progression, as well as their promising translational and clinical potential as cancer biomarkers as we usher into the area of precision oncology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuan Li
- Department of Molecular Diagnostics and Experimental Therapeutics, Beckman Research Institute of City of Hope, Biomedical Research Center, Monrovia, CA, USA; Department of Clinical Laboratory, Yangpu Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Silei Sui
- Department of Molecular Diagnostics and Experimental Therapeutics, Beckman Research Institute of City of Hope, Biomedical Research Center, Monrovia, CA, USA; Department of Oncology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Ajay Goel
- Department of Molecular Diagnostics and Experimental Therapeutics, Beckman Research Institute of City of Hope, Biomedical Research Center, Monrovia, CA, USA.
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16
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Yang Q, Li S, Ou H, Zhang Y, Zhu G, Li S, Lei L. Exosome-based delivery strategies for tumor therapy: an update on modification, loading, and clinical application. J Nanobiotechnology 2024; 22:41. [PMID: 38281957 PMCID: PMC10823703 DOI: 10.1186/s12951-024-02298-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2023] [Accepted: 01/02/2024] [Indexed: 01/30/2024] Open
Abstract
Malignancy is a major public health problem and among the leading lethal diseases worldwide. Although the current tumor treatment methods have therapeutic effect to a certain extent, they still have some shortcomings such as poor water solubility, short half-life, local and systemic toxicity. Therefore, how to deliver therapeutic agent so as to realize safe and effective anti-tumor therapy become a problem urgently to be solved in this field. As a medium of information exchange and material transport between cells, exosomes are considered to be a promising drug delivery carrier due to their nano-size, good biocompatibility, natural targeting, and easy modification. In this review, we summarize recent advances in the isolation, identification, drug loading, and modification of exosomes as drug carriers for tumor therapy alongside their application in tumor therapy. Basic knowledge of exosomes, such as their biogenesis, sources, and characterization methods, is also introduced herein. In addition, challenges related to the use of exosomes as drug delivery vehicles are discussed, along with future trends. This review provides a scientific basis for the application of exosome delivery systems in oncological therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qian Yang
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410011, Hunan, China
| | - Shisheng Li
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410011, Hunan, China.
| | - Haibo Ou
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410011, Hunan, China
| | - Yuming Zhang
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410011, Hunan, China
| | - Gangcai Zhu
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410011, Hunan, China
| | - Shaohong Li
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410011, Hunan, China.
| | - Lanjie Lei
- Institute of Translational Medicine, Zhejiang Shuren University, Hangzhou, 310015, Zhejiang, China.
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17
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Wang X, Gong W, Li R, Li L, Wang J. Preparation of genetically or chemically engineered exosomes and their therapeutic effects in bone regeneration and anti-inflammation. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2024; 12:1329388. [PMID: 38314353 PMCID: PMC10834677 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2024.1329388] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2023] [Accepted: 01/11/2024] [Indexed: 02/06/2024] Open
Abstract
The treatment of bone or cartilage damage and inflammation-related diseases has been a long-standing research hotspot. Traditional treatments such as surgery and cell therapy have only displayed limited efficacy because they can't avoid potential deterioration and ensure cell activity. Recently, exosomes have become a favorable tool for various tissue reconstruction due to their abundant content of proteins, lipids, DNA, RNA and other substances, which can promote bone regeneration through osteogenesis, angiogenesis and inflammation modulation. Besides, exosomes are also promising delivery systems because of stability in the bloodstream, immune stealth capacity, intrinsic cell-targeting property and outstanding intracellular communication. Despite having great potential in therapeutic delivery, exosomes still show some limitations in clinical studies, such as inefficient targeting ability, low yield and unsatisfactory therapeutic effects. In order to overcome the shortcomings, increasing studies have prepared genetically or chemically engineered exosomes to improve their properties. This review focuses on different methods of preparing genetically or chemically engineered exosomes and the therapeutic effects of engineering exosomes in bone regeneration and anti-inflammation, thereby providing some references for future applications of engineering exosomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinyue Wang
- School of Stomatology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Weitao Gong
- School of Stomatology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Rongrong Li
- School of Stomatology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Lin Li
- School of Stomatology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Jing Wang
- School of Stomatology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
- Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Lanzhou, China
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18
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Liu L, Jiang D, Bai S, Zhang X, Kang Y. Research progress of exosomes in drug resistance of breast cancer. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2024; 11:1214648. [PMID: 38239920 PMCID: PMC10794616 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2023.1214648] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2023] [Accepted: 08/24/2023] [Indexed: 01/22/2024] Open
Abstract
Since breast cancer is a heterogeneous disease, there are currently a variety of treatment methods available, including chemotherapy, endocrine therapy, molecular targeted therapy, immunotherapy, radiation therapy, etc. Breast cancer recurrence and metastasis, despite many treatment modalities, constitute a considerable threat to patients' survival time and pose a clinical challenge that is difficult to tackle precisely. Exosomes have a very special and crucial role in the treatment of drug resistance in breast cancer as a carrier of intercellular communication in the tumor microenvironment. Exosomes and breast cancer treatment resistance have been linked in a growing number of clinical investigations in recent years. This paper covers the status of research on exosomes in the treatment of breast cancer drug resistance and offers theoretical guidance for investigating new strategies to treat breast cancer drug resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lihui Liu
- Department of Breast Surgery, Liaoning Cancer Hospital and Institute, Cancer Hospital of Dalian University of Technology, Cancer Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
- Liaoning University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shenyang, China
| | - Daqing Jiang
- Department of Breast Surgery, Liaoning Cancer Hospital and Institute, Cancer Hospital of Dalian University of Technology, Cancer Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Shi Bai
- School of Information Science and Engineering, Shenyang University of Technology, Shenyang, China
| | - Xinfeng Zhang
- Department of Breast Surgery, Liaoning Cancer Hospital and Institute, Cancer Hospital of Dalian University of Technology, Cancer Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Yue Kang
- Department of Breast Surgery, Liaoning Cancer Hospital and Institute, Cancer Hospital of Dalian University of Technology, Cancer Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
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Kang SH, Oh SY, Lee KY, Lee HJ, Kim MS, Kwon TG, Kim JW, Lee ST, Choi SY, Hong SH. Differential effect of cancer-associated fibroblast-derived extracellular vesicles on cisplatin resistance in oral squamous cell carcinoma via miR-876-3p. Theranostics 2024; 14:460-479. [PMID: 38169528 PMCID: PMC10758057 DOI: 10.7150/thno.87329] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2023] [Accepted: 11/20/2023] [Indexed: 01/05/2024] Open
Abstract
Rationale: Platinum-based chemotherapy is commonly used for treating solid tumors, but drug resistance often limits its effectiveness. Cancer-associated fibroblast (CAF)-derived extracellular vesicle (EV), which carry various miRNAs, have been implicated in chemotherapy resistance. However, the molecular mechanism through which CAFs modulate cisplatin resistance in oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) is not well understood. We employed two distinct primary CAF types with differential impacts on cancer progression: CAF-P, representing a more aggressive cancer-promoting category, and CAF-D, characterized by properties that moderately delay cancer progression. Consequently, we sought to investigate whether the two CAF types differentially affect cisplatin sensitivity and the underlying molecular mechanism. Methods: The secretion profile was examined by utilizing an antibody microarray with conditioned medium obtained from the co-culture of OSCC cells and two types of primary CAFs. The effect of CAF-dependent factors on cisplatin resistance was investigated by utilizing conditioned media (CM) and extracellular vesicle (EVs) derived from CAFs. The impacts of candidate genes were confirmed using gain- and loss-of-function analyses in spheroids and organoids, and a mouse xenograft. Lastly, we compared the expression pattern of the candidate genes in tissues from OSCC patients exhibiting different responses to cisplatin. Results: When OSCC cells were cultured with conditioned media (CM) from the two different CAF groups, cisplatin resistance increased only under CAF-P CM. OSCC cells specifically expressed insulin-like growth factor binding protein 3 (IGFBP3) after co-culture with CAF-D. Meanwhile, IGFBP3-knockdown OSCC cells acquired cisplatin resistance in CAF-D CM. IGFBP3 expression was promoted by GATA-binding protein 1 (GATA1), a transcription factor targeted by miR-876-3p, which was enriched only in CAF-P-derived EV. Treatment with CAF-P EV carrying miR-876-3p antagomir decreased cisplatin resistance compared to control miRNA-carrying CAF-P EV. On comparing the staining intensity between cisplatin-sensitive and -insensitive tissues from OSCC patients, there was a positive correlation between IGFBP3 and GATA1 expression and cisplatin sensitivity in OSCC tissues from patients. Conclusion: These results provide insights for overcoming cisplatin resistance, especially concerning EVs within the tumor microenvironment. Furthermore, it is anticipated that the expression levels of GATA1 and miR-876-3p, along with IGFBP3, could aid in the prediction of cisplatin resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Soo Hyun Kang
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, School of Dentistry, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 700-412, Korea
| | - Su Young Oh
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, School of Dentistry, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 700-412, Korea
| | - Kah-Young Lee
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, School of Dentistry, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 700-412, Korea
| | - Heon-Jin Lee
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, School of Dentistry, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 700-412, Korea
| | - Mee-Seon Kim
- Department of Oral Pathology, School of Dentistry, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 700-412, Korea
| | - Tae-Geon Kwon
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, School of Dentistry, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 700-412, Korea
| | - Jin-Wook Kim
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, School of Dentistry, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 700-412, Korea
| | - Sung-Tak Lee
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, School of Dentistry, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 700-412, Korea
| | - So-Young Choi
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, School of Dentistry, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 700-412, Korea
| | - Su-Hyung Hong
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, School of Dentistry, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 700-412, Korea
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20
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Dolatshahi M, Bahrami AR, Sheikh QI, Ghanbari M, Matin MM. Gastric cancer and mesenchymal stem cell-derived exosomes: from pro-tumorigenic effects to anti-cancer vehicles. Arch Pharm Res 2024; 47:1-19. [PMID: 38151649 DOI: 10.1007/s12272-023-01477-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2023] [Accepted: 12/15/2023] [Indexed: 12/29/2023]
Abstract
Gastric cancer (GC) is one of the most prevalent malignancies in the world, with a high mortality rate in both women and men. Conventional treatments, like chemotherapy, radiotherapy and surgery, are facing some drawbacks like acquired drug resistance and various side effects, leading to cancer recurrence and increased morbidity; thus, development of novel approaches in targeted therapy would be very beneficial. Exosomes, extracellular vesicles with a size distribution of sub-150 nm, interplay in physiological and pathophysiological cell-cell communications and can pave the way for targeted cancer therapy. Accumulating pieces of evidence have indicated that exosomes derived from mesenchymal stem cells (MSC-EXs) can act as a double-edged sword in some cancers. The purpose of this review is to assess the differences between stem cell therapy and exosome therapy. Moreover, our aim is to demonstrate how naïve MSCs transform into GC-MSCs in the tumor microenvironment. Additionally, the tumorigenic and anti-proliferation effects of MSC-EXs derived from different origins were investigated. Finally, we suggest potential modifications and combination options that involve utilizing MSC-EXs from the foreskin and umbilical cord as promising sources to enhance the efficacy of gastric cancer treatment. This approach is presented in contrast to bone marrow cells, which are more heterogeneous, age-related, and are also easily affected by the patient's circulation system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maryam Dolatshahi
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Ahmad Reza Bahrami
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran
- Industrial Biotechnology Research Group, Institute of Biotechnology, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Qaiser Iftikhar Sheikh
- School of Biosciences, Western Bank, Firth Court, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, S10 2TN, England, UK
| | - Mohsen Ghanbari
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus MC University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Maryam M Matin
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran.
- Novel Diagnostics and Therapeutics Research Group, Institute of Biotechnology, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran.
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21
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Zhong J, Zhang W, Zhang L, Li J, Kang L, Li X. CircFLNA/miR-214 modulates regulatory T cells by regulating PD-1 in acute lung injury induced by sepsis. Autoimmunity 2023; 56:2259131. [PMID: 37724530 DOI: 10.1080/08916934.2023.2259131] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2022] [Accepted: 09/10/2023] [Indexed: 09/21/2023]
Abstract
Sepsis-induced acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) remains a major complication of death from bacterial infection. Regulatory T cells (Tregs) are important regulators in addressing lung injury. Considering the extensive research of circular RNAs (circRNAs), the role of circRNA in Treg modulation during ARDS remains unclear. In this study, patients with sepsis-induced ARDS along with non-ARDS controls were obtained, and bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) was collected as clinical samples. Additionally, cecal ligation and puncture (CLP) was performed to construct a septic ARDS model, and lung tissues as well as peripheral blood were collected. mRNA expressions were measured by RT-qPCR. ELISA was carried out to measure the concentration of inflammatory factors. A combination of online bioinformatics, dual-luciferase reporter, and RND pull-down assays was performed to verify interactions between microRNA (miRNA) and circRNA/mRNA. Tregs were measured by flow cytometry. Our data suggested that circFLNA was aberrantly elevated in ARDS, and depletion of circFLNA upregulated CD4+CD25+Foxp3+ Tregs and decreased inflammatory response. Additionally, miR-214-5p which binds with circFLNA, reversed circFLNA-induced effects in ARDS. Programmed cell death protein 1 (PD-1) is a downstream target gene of miR-214-5p, and abrogated the effects of miR-214-5p on regulating CD4+CD25+Foxp3+ Tregs and inflammatory response. In a word, circFLNA/miR-214-5p/PD-1 signaling is a novel pathway that modulates Tregs in ARDS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian Zhong
- Department of Emergency, Dongguan Tungwah Hospital, Dongguan, Guangdong, China
| | - Wei Zhang
- Department of Emergency, Dongguan Tungwah Hospital, Dongguan, Guangdong, China
| | - Leiyun Zhang
- Department of Emergency, Dongguan Tungwah Hospital, Dongguan, Guangdong, China
| | - Jieying Li
- Department of Emergency, Dongguan Tungwah Hospital, Dongguan, Guangdong, China
| | - Lingkai Kang
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zhuhai, China
| | - Xiaoyue Li
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zhuhai, China
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22
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Luo X. Nanobiotechnology-based strategies in alleviation of chemotherapy-mediated cardiotoxicity. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2023; 238:116989. [PMID: 37633635 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2023.116989] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2023] [Revised: 08/19/2023] [Accepted: 08/23/2023] [Indexed: 08/28/2023]
Abstract
The cardiovascular diseases have been among the most common malignancies and the first leading cause of death, even higher than cancer. The cardiovascular diseases can be developed as a result of cardiac dysfunction and damages to heart tissue. Exposure to toxic agents and chemicals that induce cardiac dysfunction has been of interest in recent years. The chemotherapy drugs are commonly used for cancer therapy and in these patients, cardiovascular diseases have been widely observed that is due to negative impact of chemotherapy drugs on the heart. These drugs increase oxidative damage and inflammation, and mediate apoptosis and cardiac dysfunction. Hence, nanotechnological approaches have been emerged as new strategies in attenuation of chemotherapy-mediated cardiotoxicity. The first advantage of nanoparticles can be explored in targeted and selective delivery of drugs to reduce their accumulation in heart tissue. Nanostructures can deliver bioactive and therapeutic compounds in reducing cardiotoxicity and alleviation toxic impacts of chemotherapy drugs. The functionalization of nanostructures increases their selectivity against tumor cells and reduces accumulation of drugs in heart tissue. The bioplatforms such as chitosan and alginate nanostructures can also deliver chemotherapy drugs and reduce their cardiotoxicity. The function of nanostructures is versatile in reduction of cardiotoxicity by chemotherapy drugs and new kind of platforms is hydrogels that can mediate sustained release of drug to reduce its toxic impacts on heart tissue. The various kinds of nanoplatforms have been developed for alleviation of cardiotoxicity and their future clinical application depends on their biocompatibility. High concentration level of chitosan nanoparticles can stimulate cardiotoxicity. Therefore, if nanotechnology is going to be deployed for drug delivery and reducing cardiotoxicity, the first pre-requirement is to lack toxicity on normal cells and have high biocompatibility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuanming Luo
- Department of General Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, China; Department of General Surgery, Shanghai Xuhui Central Hospital, Fudan University, China; Biliary Tract Disease Center of Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, China; Cancer Center, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, China; Biliary Tract Disease Institute, Fudan University, China; Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Biliary Tract Minimal Invasive Surgery and Materials, China.
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23
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Jiang J, Wang W, Zhu L, Shi B, Chen Y, Xia Y, Feng W, Yao W, Lu A, Zhang H. Unveiling the role of hypoxic macrophage-derived exosomes in driving colorectal cancer progression. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1260638. [PMID: 38022589 PMCID: PMC10666760 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1260638] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2023] [Accepted: 09/25/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023] Open
Abstract
The crosstalk between tumor cells and macrophages under hypoxic conditions has been acknowledged as a pivotal determinant in the progression of colorectal cancer (CRC). Previous research has underscored the significance of exosomes derived from hypoxic tumor cells in facilitating tumor progression through inducing the polarization of macrophages towards the M2-like phenotype. The precise influence of hypoxic macrophage-derived exosomes (HMDEs) on the progression of CRC has not yet been fully elucidated. The objective of this study was to investigate the role of HMDEs in the progression of CRC. We discovered that there was an elevated release of exosomes derived from macrophages in hypoxic conditions. Additionally, the hypoxia-induced macrophage-derived exosomes played a crucial role in promoting the progression of CRC. We have also demonstrated that HMDEs have the ability to induce cell cycle transition and inhibit cell apoptosis, thereby promoting the growth of CRC cells. Furthermore, the underlying molecular mechanisms of these effects have been identified. The overexpression of Hif-1α results in its direct interaction with distinct regions (-521- -516 bp and -401- -391 bp) of the Hsp90 promoter during hypoxic circumstances. This binding event led to the overexpression of Hsp90 and the subsequent elevation of Hsp90 protein levels within HMDEs. Importantly, the crucial interaction between Hsp90 and Lats1 resulted in the deactivation of Lats1 and the inhibition of Yap phosphorylation. Ultimately, this series of events lead to the deactivation of the Hippo signaling pathway. Our in vivo and in vitro studies presented compelling evidence for the crucial role of hypoxic macrophage-derived exosomal Hsp90 in promoting CRC progression through the inhibition of the Hippo signaling pathway. These findings represented a significant advancement in our comprehension of the complex interplay between macrophages and CRC cells under hypoxic conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiang Jiang
- Department of Radiology, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Wenfang Wang
- Department of Radiology, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Lan Zhu
- Department of Radiology, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Bowen Shi
- Department of Radiology, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yong Chen
- Department of Radiology, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yihan Xia
- Department of Radiology, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Weiming Feng
- Department of Radiology, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Weiwu Yao
- Department of Imaging, Tongren Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Aiguo Lu
- Department of General Surgery, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Huan Zhang
- Department of Radiology, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
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24
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Wang L, Yu X, Zhou J, Su C. Extracellular Vesicles for Drug Delivery in Cancer Treatment. Biol Proced Online 2023; 25:28. [PMID: 37946166 PMCID: PMC10634104 DOI: 10.1186/s12575-023-00220-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2023] [Accepted: 10/03/2023] [Indexed: 11/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are nanoscale vesicles derived from cells that mediate intercellular communication by transporting bioactive molecules. They play significant roles in various physiological and pathological conditions. EVs hold great potential as novel biomarkers of diseases, therapeutic agents, and drug delivery vehicles. Furthermore, EVs as novel drug delivery vehicles have demonstrated significant advantages in preclinical settings. In this review, we discussed the biogenesis and characteristics of EVs and their functions in cancer. We summarize the therapeutic applications of EVs as a natural delivery vehicles in cancer therapy. We highlight the existing challenges, illuminate vital questions, and propose recommendations to effectively address them effectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Wang
- Department of Medical Oncology, Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital & Thoracic Cancer Institute, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200433, PR China
| | - Xin Yu
- Department of Medical Oncology, Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital & Thoracic Cancer Institute, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200433, PR China
| | - Juan Zhou
- Department of Medical Oncology, Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital & Thoracic Cancer Institute, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200433, PR China
| | - Chunxia Su
- Department of Medical Oncology, Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital & Thoracic Cancer Institute, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200433, PR China.
- Department of Clinical Research Center, Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital & Thoracic Cancer Institute, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200433, PR China.
- Department of Medical Oncology and Clinical Research Center, Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital & Thoracic Cancer Institute, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200433, PR China.
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25
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Lucchetti D, Colella F, Artemi G, Haque S, Sgambato A, Pellicano R, Fagoonee S. Smart nano-sized extracellular vesicles for cancer therapy: Potential theranostic applications in gastrointestinal tumors. Crit Rev Oncol Hematol 2023; 191:104121. [PMID: 37690633 DOI: 10.1016/j.critrevonc.2023.104121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2022] [Revised: 01/27/2023] [Accepted: 09/04/2023] [Indexed: 09/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Extracellular vesicles (EVs) have gained tremendous interest in the search for next-generation therapeutics for the treatment of a range of pathologies, including cancer, especially due to their small size, biomolecular cargo, ability to mediate intercellular communication, high physicochemical stability, low immunogenicity and biocompatibility. The theranostic potential of EVs have been enhanced by adopting several strategies such as genetic or metabolic engineering, parental cell modification or direct functionalization to incorporate therapeutic compounds into these nanoplatforms. The smart nano-sized EVs indeed offer huge opportunities in the field of cancer, and current research is set at overcoming the existing pitfalls. Smart EVs are already being applied in the clinics despite the challenges faced. We provide, herein, an update on the technologies employed for EV functionalization in order to achieve optimal tumor cell targeting and EV tracking in vivo with bio-imaging modalities, as well as the preclinical and clinical studies making use of these modified EVs, in the context of gastrointestinal tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Donatella Lucchetti
- Fondazione Policlinico Universitario 'Agostino Gemelli' IRCCS, Rome, Italy; Dipartimento di Medicina e Chirurgia Traslazionale, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy
| | - Filomena Colella
- Fondazione Policlinico Universitario 'Agostino Gemelli' IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Giulia Artemi
- Dipartimento di Medicina e Chirurgia Traslazionale, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy
| | - Shafiul Haque
- Research and Scientific Studies Unit, College of Nursing and Allied Health Sciences, Jazan University, Jazan 45142, Saudi Arabia; Gilbert and Rose-Marie Chagoury School of Medicine, Lebanese American University, Beirut 1102 2801, Lebanon; Centre of Medical and Bio-Allied Health Sciences Research, Ajman University, Ajman 13306, United Arab Emirates
| | - Alessandro Sgambato
- Fondazione Policlinico Universitario 'Agostino Gemelli' IRCCS, Rome, Italy; Dipartimento di Medicina e Chirurgia Traslazionale, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy.
| | - Rinaldo Pellicano
- Gastroenterology Unit, Città della salute e della Scienza Hospital, Turin, Italy
| | - Sharmila Fagoonee
- Institute of Biostructure and Bioimaging (CNR), Molecular Biotechnology Center, Turin, Italy
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26
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Owliaee I, Khaledian M, Boroujeni AK, Shojaeian A. Engineered small extracellular vesicles as a novel platform to suppress human oncovirus-associated cancers. Infect Agent Cancer 2023; 18:69. [PMID: 37915098 PMCID: PMC10621078 DOI: 10.1186/s13027-023-00549-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2023] [Accepted: 10/25/2023] [Indexed: 11/03/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cancer, as a complex, heterogeneous disease, is currently affecting millions of people worldwide. Even if the most common traditional treatments, namely, chemotherapy (CTx) and radiotherapy (RTx), have been so far effective in some conditions, there is still a dire need for novel, innovative approaches to treat types of cancer. In this context, oncoviruses are responsible for 12% of all malignancies, such as human papillomavirus (HPV), Merkel cell polyomavirus (MCPyV), Epstein-Barr virus (EBV), human herpesvirus 8 (HHV-8), as well as hepatitis B virus (HBV) and hepatitis C virus (HCV), and the poorest in the world also account for 80% of all human cancer cases. Against this background, nanomedicine has developed nano-based drug delivery systems (DDS) to meet the demand for drug delivery vectors, e.g., extracellular vesicles (EVs). This review article aimed to explore the potential of engineered small EVs (sEVs) in suppressing human oncovirus-associated cancers. METHODS Our search was conducted for published research between 2000 and 2022 using several international databases, including Scopus, PubMed, Web of Science, and Google Scholar. We also reviewed additional evidence from relevant published articles. RESULTS In this line, the findings revealed that EV engineering as a new field is witnessing the development of novel sEV-based structures, and it is expected to be advanced in the future. EVs may be further exploited in specialized applications as therapeutic or diagnostic tools. The techniques of biotechnology have been additionally utilized to create synthetic bilayers based on the physical and chemical properties of parent molecules via a top-down strategy for downsizing complicated, big particles into nano-sized sEVs. CONCLUSION As the final point, EV-mediated treatments are less toxic to the body than the most conventional ones, making them a safer and even more effective option. Although many in vitro studies have so far tested the efficacy of sEVs, further research is still needed to develop their potential in animal and clinical trials to reap the therapeutic benefits of this promising platform.
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Affiliation(s)
- Iman Owliaee
- Department of Medical Virology, Faculty of Medicine, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
| | - Mehran Khaledian
- Department of Medical Entomology, Faculty of Medicine, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
| | - Armin Khaghani Boroujeni
- Skin Disease and Leishmaniasis Research Center, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Ali Shojaeian
- Research Center for Molecular Medicine, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran.
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27
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Yang X, Xie X, Liu S, Ma W, Zheng Z, Wei H, Yu CY. Engineered Exosomes as Theranostic Platforms for Cancer Treatment. ACS Biomater Sci Eng 2023; 9:5479-5503. [PMID: 37695590 DOI: 10.1021/acsbiomaterials.3c00745] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/12/2023]
Abstract
Tremendous progress in nanotechnology and nanomedicine has made a significant positive effect on cancer treatment by integrating multicomponents into a single multifunctional nanosized delivery system for combinatorial therapies. Although numerous nanocarriers developed so far have achieved excellent therapeutic performance in mouse models via elegant integration of chemotherapy, photothermal therapy, photodynamic therapy, sonodynamic therapy, and immunotherapy, their synthetic origin may still cause systemic toxicity, immunogenicity, and preferential detection or elimination by the immune system. Exosomes, endogenous nanosized particles secreted by multiple biological cells, could be absorbed by recipient cells to facilitate intercellular communication and content delivery. Therefore, exosomes have emerged as novel cargo delivery tools and attracted considerable attention for cancer diagnosis and treatment due to their innate stability, biological compatibility, and biomembrane penetration capacity. Exosome-related properties and functions have been well-documented; however, there are few reviews, to our knowledge, with a focus on the combination of exosomes and nanotechnology for the development of exosome-based theranostic platforms. To make a timely review on this hot subject of research, we summarize the basic information, isolation and functionalization methodologies, diagnostic and therapeutic potential of exosomes in various cancers with an emphasis on the description of exosome-related nanomedicine for cancer theranostics. The existing appealing challenges and outlook in exosome clinical translation are finally introduced. Advanced biotechnology and nanotechnology will definitely not only promote the integration of intrinsic advantages of natural nanosized exosomes with traditional synthetic nanomaterials for modulated precise cancer treatment but also contribute to the clinical translations of exosome-based nanomedicine as theranostic nanoplatforms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xu Yang
- Postdoctoral Research Station of Basic Medicine, Hengyang Medical College, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan Province Cooperative, Hengyang, Hunan 421001, China
- Innovation Center for Molecular Target New Drug Study & School of Pharmaceutical Science, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan 421001, China
| | - Xiangyu Xie
- Innovation Center for Molecular Target New Drug Study & School of Pharmaceutical Science, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan 421001, China
| | - Songbin Liu
- Postdoctoral Research Station of Basic Medicine, Hengyang Medical College, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan Province Cooperative, Hengyang, Hunan 421001, China
- Innovation Center for Molecular Target New Drug Study & School of Pharmaceutical Science, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan 421001, China
| | - Wei Ma
- Postdoctoral Research Station of Basic Medicine, Hengyang Medical College, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan Province Cooperative, Hengyang, Hunan 421001, China
- Innovation Center for Molecular Target New Drug Study & School of Pharmaceutical Science, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan 421001, China
| | - Zhi Zheng
- Postdoctoral Research Station of Basic Medicine, Hengyang Medical College, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan Province Cooperative, Hengyang, Hunan 421001, China
- Innovation Center for Molecular Target New Drug Study & School of Pharmaceutical Science, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan 421001, China
| | - Hua Wei
- Innovation Center for Molecular Target New Drug Study & School of Pharmaceutical Science, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan 421001, China
| | - Cui-Yun Yu
- Innovation Center for Molecular Target New Drug Study & School of Pharmaceutical Science, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan 421001, China
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28
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Kazemi A, Goodarzi M, Daneshipour K, Sarabadani H, Shahpar Z, Hajiagha BS, Kheradjoo H, Mohammadzadehsaliani S. Unrevealing the vital role of ncRNAs in Gastric Cancer chemoresistance. Pathol Res Pract 2023; 250:154761. [PMID: 37689003 DOI: 10.1016/j.prp.2023.154761] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2023] [Revised: 08/07/2023] [Accepted: 08/09/2023] [Indexed: 09/11/2023]
Abstract
The high incidence of gastric cancer in many nations and poor overall survival rates has remained a serious global health concern. Chemoresistance in gastric cancer is a significant issue that hinders the efficacy of available treatment options. In gastric cancer, non-coding RNAs like microRNAs, long non-coding RNAs, and circular RNAs have become effective regulators of chemoresistance. These non-coding RNAs can influence several mechanisms, including drug efflux transporters, drug metabolism, and detoxification, cancer stem cells and the epithelial-mesenchymal transition, autophagy and apoptosis, and the tumor microenvironment. In this article review, we summarize the key roles non-coding RNAs play in the chemoresistance of gastric cancer and consider how they might be used in clinical settings as markers for diagnosis and prognosis, as well as potential targets and treatment plans. We also emphasize the need for additional study and collaborations in this area and highlight the difficulties and opportunities in non-coding RNA research for gastric cancer chemoresistance. This review offers crucial insights into the intricate relationship between non-coding RNAs and chemoresistance in gastric cancer, with implications for precision oncology and personalized medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aida Kazemi
- Department of Biomedical Science, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Masomeh Goodarzi
- Department of Biology, Zabol University of Medical Sciences, Zabol, Iran
| | - Kosar Daneshipour
- Department of Biological Sciences, Islamic Azad University, North Tehran Branch, Tehran, Iran
| | - Hoda Sarabadani
- Rajiv Gandhi Institute of Information Technology & Biotechnology, Bharati Vidyapeeth University, Pune, India
| | - Zahra Shahpar
- M.Sc, Technical Department, İstanbul University, İstanbul, Türkiye
| | - Bahareh Salmanian Hajiagha
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Basic Science, East Tehran Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
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29
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Ebrahimi N, Hakimzadeh A, Bozorgmand F, Speed S, Manavi MS, Khorram R, Farahani K, Rezaei-Tazangi F, Mansouri A, Hamblin MR, Aref AR. Role of non-coding RNAs as new therapeutic targets in regulating the EMT and apoptosis in metastatic gastric and colorectal cancers. Cell Cycle 2023; 22:2302-2323. [PMID: 38009668 PMCID: PMC10730205 DOI: 10.1080/15384101.2023.2286804] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2022] [Accepted: 08/01/2023] [Indexed: 11/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) and gastric cancer (GC), are the two most common cancers of the gastrointestinal tract, and are serious health concerns worldwide. The discovery of more effective biomarkers for early diagnosis, and improved patient prognosis is important. Non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs), including microRNAs (miRNAs) and long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs), can regulate cellular processes such as apoptosis and the epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) leading to progression and resistance of GC and CRC tumors. Moreover these pathways (apoptosis and EMT) may serve as therapeutic targets, to prevent metastasis, and to overcome drug resistance. A subgroup of ncRNAs is common to both GC and CRC tumors, suggesting that they might be used as biomarkers or therapeutic targets. In this review, we highlight some ncRNAs that can regulate EMT and apoptosis as two opposite mechanisms in cancer progression and metastasis in GC and CRC. A better understanding of the biological role of ncRNAs could open up new avenues for the development of personalized treatment plans for GC and CRC patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nasim Ebrahimi
- Genetics Division, Department of Cell and Molecular Biology and Microbiology, Faculty of Science and Technology, University of Isfahan, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Ali Hakimzadeh
- Department of Medical Biotechnologies, University of Siena, Tuscany, Italy
| | - Farima Bozorgmand
- Department of Medical Nanotechnology, Faculty of Advanced Sciences and Technology, Pharmaceutical Sciences Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Sepehr Speed
- Medical Campus, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, Shaanxi, China
| | | | - Roya Khorram
- Bone and Joint Diseases Research Center, Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Kobra Farahani
- Department of Biology, Damghan Branch, Islamic Azad University, Damghan, Iran
| | - Fatemeh Rezaei-Tazangi
- Department of Anatomy, School of Medicine, Fasa University of Medical Sciences, Fasa, Iran
| | - Atena Mansouri
- Department of Biology, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Michael R Hamblin
- Laser Research Centre, Faculty of Health Science, University of Johannesburg, Doornfontein, South Africa
- Radiation Biology Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Amir Reza Aref
- Xsphera Biosciences, Translational Medicine group, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
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30
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Gupta J, Ahmed AT, Tayyib NA, Zabibah RS, Shomurodov Q, Kadheim MN, Alsaikhan F, Ramaiah P, Chinnasamy L, Samarghandian S. A state-of-art of underlying molecular mechanisms and pharmacological interventions/nanotherapeutics for cisplatin resistance in gastric cancer. Biomed Pharmacother 2023; 166:115337. [PMID: 37659203 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2023.115337] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2023] [Revised: 08/11/2023] [Accepted: 08/14/2023] [Indexed: 09/04/2023] Open
Abstract
The fourth common reason of death among patients is gastric cancer (GC) and it is a dominant tumor type in Ease Asia. One of the problems in GC therapy is chemoresistance. Cisplatin (CP) is a platinum compound that causes DNA damage in reducing tumor progression and viability of cancer cells. However, due to hyperactivation of drug efflux pumps, dysregulation of genes and interactions in tumor microenvironment, tumor cells can develop resistance to CP chemotherapy. The current review focuses on the CP resistance emergence in GC cells with emphasizing on molecular pathways, pharmacological compounds for reversing chemoresistance and the role of nanostructures. Changes in cell death mechanisms such as upregulation of pro-survival autophagy can prevent CP-mediated apoptosis that results in drug resistance. Moreover, increase in metastasis via EMT induction induces CP resistance. Dysregulation of molecular pathways such as PTEN, PI3K/Akt, Nrf2 and others result in changes in CP response of GC cells. Non-coding RNAs determine CP response of GC cells and application of pharmacological compounds with activity distinct of CP can result in sensitivity in tumor cells. Due to efficacy of exosomes in transferring bioactive molecules such as RNA and DNA molecules among GC cells, exosomes can also result in CP resistance. One of the newest progresses in overcoming CP resistance in GC is application of nanoplatforms for delivery of CP in GC therapy that they can increase accumulation of CP at tumor site and by suppressing carcinogenic factors and overcoming biological barriers, they increase CP toxicity on cancer cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jitendra Gupta
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Research, GLA University, Mathura 281406, U.P., India
| | | | - Nahla A Tayyib
- Faculty of Nursing, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Rahman S Zabibah
- Medical Laboratory Technology Department, College of Medical Technology, The Islamic University, Najaf, Iraq
| | - Qakhramon Shomurodov
- Department of Maxillofacial Surgery, Tashkent State Dental Institute, Tashkent, Uzbekistan; Department of Scientific Affairs, Samarkand State Medical University, Samarkand, Uzbekistan
| | - Mostafai N Kadheim
- Department of Dentistry, Kut University College, Kut, Wasit 52001, Iraq; Medical Laboratory Techniques Department, Al-Farahidi University, Baghdad 10022 Iraq
| | - Fahad Alsaikhan
- College of Pharmacy, Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, Alkharj, Saudi Arabia.
| | | | | | - Saeed Samarghandian
- Healthy Ageing Research Centre, Neyshabur University of Medical Sciences, Neyshabur, the Islamic Republic of Iran.
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31
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Chen H, Yao H, Chi J, Li C, Liu Y, Yang J, Yu J, Wang J, Ruan Y, Pi J, Xu JF. Engineered exosomes as drug and RNA co-delivery system: new hope for enhanced therapeutics? Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2023; 11:1254356. [PMID: 37823027 PMCID: PMC10562639 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2023.1254356] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2023] [Accepted: 09/05/2023] [Indexed: 10/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Chemotherapy often faces some obstacles such as low targeting effects and drug resistance, which introduce the low therapeutic efficiency and strong side effects. Recent advances in nanotechnology allows the use of novel nanosystems for targeted drug delivery, although the chemically synthesized nanomaterials always show unexpected low biocompability. The emergence of exosome research has offered a better understanding of disease treatment and created novel opportunities for developing effective drug delivery systems with high biocompability. Moreover, RNA interference has emerged as a promising strategy for disease treatments by selectively knocking down or over-expressing specific genes, which allows new possibilities to directly control cell signaling events or drug resistance. Recently, more and more interests have been paid to develop optimal delivery nanosystems with high efficiency and high biocompability for drug and functional RNA co-delivery to achieve enhanced chemotherapy. In light of the challenges for developing drug and RNA co-delivery system, exosomes have been found to show very attractive prospects. This review aims to explore current technologies and challenges in the use of exosomes as drug and RNA co-delivery system with a focus on the emerging trends and issues associated with their further applications, which may contribute to the accelerated developments of exosome-based theraputics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haorong Chen
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Diagnostics, The First Dongguan Affiliated Hospital, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan, Guangdong, China
- Institute of Laboratory Medicine, School of Medical Technology, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan, Guangdong, China
| | - Hanbo Yao
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Diagnostics, The First Dongguan Affiliated Hospital, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan, Guangdong, China
- Institute of Laboratory Medicine, School of Medical Technology, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan, Guangdong, China
| | - Jiaxin Chi
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Diagnostics, The First Dongguan Affiliated Hospital, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan, Guangdong, China
| | - Chaowei Li
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Diagnostics, The First Dongguan Affiliated Hospital, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan, Guangdong, China
- Institute of Laboratory Medicine, School of Medical Technology, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan, Guangdong, China
| | - Yilin Liu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Diagnostics, The First Dongguan Affiliated Hospital, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan, Guangdong, China
- Institute of Laboratory Medicine, School of Medical Technology, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan, Guangdong, China
| | - Jiayi Yang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Diagnostics, The First Dongguan Affiliated Hospital, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan, Guangdong, China
- Institute of Laboratory Medicine, School of Medical Technology, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan, Guangdong, China
| | - Jiaqi Yu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Diagnostics, The First Dongguan Affiliated Hospital, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan, Guangdong, China
- Institute of Laboratory Medicine, School of Medical Technology, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan, Guangdong, China
| | - Jiajun Wang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Diagnostics, The First Dongguan Affiliated Hospital, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan, Guangdong, China
- Institute of Laboratory Medicine, School of Medical Technology, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan, Guangdong, China
| | - Yongdui Ruan
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Diagnostics, The First Dongguan Affiliated Hospital, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan, Guangdong, China
| | - Jiang Pi
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Diagnostics, The First Dongguan Affiliated Hospital, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan, Guangdong, China
- Institute of Laboratory Medicine, School of Medical Technology, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan, Guangdong, China
- The Marine Biomedical Research Institute, Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, Guangdong, China
| | - Jun-Fa Xu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Diagnostics, The First Dongguan Affiliated Hospital, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan, Guangdong, China
- Institute of Laboratory Medicine, School of Medical Technology, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan, Guangdong, China
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32
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Xia B, Liu Y, Wang J, Lu Q, Lv X, Deng K, Yang J. Emerging role of exosome-shuttled noncoding RNAs in gastrointestinal cancers: From intercellular crosstalk to clinical utility. Pharmacol Res 2023; 195:106880. [PMID: 37543095 DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2023.106880] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2023] [Revised: 07/27/2023] [Accepted: 08/01/2023] [Indexed: 08/07/2023]
Abstract
Gastrointestinal cancer remains a significant global health burden. The pursuit of advancing the comprehension of tumorigenesis, along with the identification of reliable biomarkers and the development of precise therapeutic strategies, represents imperative objectives in this field. Exosomes, small membranous vesicles released by most cells, commonly carry functional biomolecules, including noncoding RNAs (ncRNAs), which are specifically sorted and encapsulated by exosomes. Exosome-mediated communication involves the release of exosomes from tumor or stromal cells and the uptake by nearby or remote recipient cells. The bioactive cargoes contained within these exosomes exert profound effects on the recipient cells, resulting in significant modifications in the tumor microenvironment (TME) and distinct alterations in gastrointestinal tumor behaviors. Due to the feasibility of isolating exosomes from various bodily fluids, exosomal ncRNAs have shown great potential as liquid biopsy-based indicators for different gastrointestinal cancers, using blood, ascites, saliva, or bile samples. Moreover, exosomes are increasingly recognized as natural delivery vehicles for ncRNA-based therapeutic interventions. In this review, we elucidate the processes of ncRNA-enriched exosome biogenesis and uptake, examine the regulatory and functional roles of exosomal ncRNA-mediated intercellular crosstalk in gastrointestinal TME and tumor behaviors, and explore their potential clinical utility in diagnostics, prognostics, and therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bihan Xia
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, Sichuan, China; Sichuan University-University of Oxford Huaxi Joint Centre for Gastrointestinal Cancer, Frontiers Science Center for Disease-Related Molecular Network, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan Province 610041, China
| | - Yuzhi Liu
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, Sichuan, China; Sichuan University-University of Oxford Huaxi Joint Centre for Gastrointestinal Cancer, Frontiers Science Center for Disease-Related Molecular Network, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan Province 610041, China
| | - Jin Wang
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, Sichuan, China; Sichuan University-University of Oxford Huaxi Joint Centre for Gastrointestinal Cancer, Frontiers Science Center for Disease-Related Molecular Network, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan Province 610041, China
| | - Qing Lu
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, Sichuan, China; Sichuan University-University of Oxford Huaxi Joint Centre for Gastrointestinal Cancer, Frontiers Science Center for Disease-Related Molecular Network, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan Province 610041, China
| | - Xiuhe Lv
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, Sichuan, China; Sichuan University-University of Oxford Huaxi Joint Centre for Gastrointestinal Cancer, Frontiers Science Center for Disease-Related Molecular Network, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan Province 610041, China
| | - Kai Deng
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, Sichuan, China; Sichuan University-University of Oxford Huaxi Joint Centre for Gastrointestinal Cancer, Frontiers Science Center for Disease-Related Molecular Network, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan Province 610041, China.
| | - Jinlin Yang
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, Sichuan, China; Sichuan University-University of Oxford Huaxi Joint Centre for Gastrointestinal Cancer, Frontiers Science Center for Disease-Related Molecular Network, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan Province 610041, China.
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Ding K, Yu X, Wang D, Wang X, Li Q. Small diameter expanded polytetrafluoroethylene vascular graft with differentiated inner and outer biomacromolecules for collaborative endothelialization, anti-thrombogenicity and anti-inflammation. Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces 2023; 229:113449. [PMID: 37506438 DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfb.2023.113449] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2023] [Revised: 07/03/2023] [Accepted: 07/08/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023]
Abstract
Without differentiated inner and outer biological function, expanded polytetrafluoroethylene (ePTFE) small-diameter (<6 mm) artificial blood vessels would fail in vivo due to foreign body rejection, thrombosis, and hyperplasia. In order to synergistically promote endothelialization, anti-thrombogenicity, and anti-inflammatory function, we modified the inner and outer surface of ePTFE, respectively, by grafting functional biomolecules, such as heparin and epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG), into the inner surface and polyethyleneimine and rapamycin into the outer surface via layer-by-layer self-assembly. Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy showed the successful incorporation of EGCG, heparin, and rapamycin. The collaborative release profile of heparin and rapamycin lasted for 42 days, respectively. The inner surface promoted human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) adhesion and growth and that the outer surface inhibited smooth muscle cells growth and proliferation. The modified ePTFE effectively regulated the differentiation behavior of RAW264.7, inhibited the expression of proinflammatory mediator TNF-α, and up-regulated the expression of anti-inflammatory genes Arg1 and Tgfb-1. The ex vivo circulation results indicated that the occlusions and total thrombus weight of modified ePTFE was much lower than that of the thrombus formed on the ePTFE, presenting good anti-thrombogenic properties. Hence, the straightforward yet efficient synergistic surface functionalization approach presented a potential resolution for the prospective clinical application of small-diameter ePTFE blood vessel grafts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kangjia Ding
- School of Materials science & Engineering, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, PR China; National Center for International Research of Micro-Nano Molding Technology, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, PR China
| | - Xueke Yu
- National Center for International Research of Micro-Nano Molding Technology, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, PR China
| | - Dongfang Wang
- National Center for International Research of Micro-Nano Molding Technology, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, PR China; School of Mechanics and safety Engineering, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, PR China.
| | - Xiaofeng Wang
- National Center for International Research of Micro-Nano Molding Technology, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, PR China; School of Mechanics and safety Engineering, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, PR China
| | - Qian Li
- National Center for International Research of Micro-Nano Molding Technology, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, PR China.
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Jiang C, Zhang J, Wang W, Shan Z, Sun F, Tan Y, Tong Y, Qiu Y. Extracellular vesicles in gastric cancer: role of exosomal lncRNA and microRNA as diagnostic and therapeutic targets. Front Physiol 2023; 14:1158839. [PMID: 37664422 PMCID: PMC10469264 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2023.1158839] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2023] [Accepted: 07/31/2023] [Indexed: 09/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Extracellular vesicles (EVs), including exosomes, play a crucial role in intercellular communication and have emerged as important mediators in the development and progression of gastric cancer. This review discusses the current understanding of the role of EVs, particularly exosomal lncRNA and microRNA, in gastric cancer and their potential as diagnostic and therapeutic targets. Exosomes are small membrane-bound particles secreted by both cancer cells and stromal cells within the tumor microenvironment. They contain various ncRNA and biomolecules, which can be transferred to recipient cells to promote tumor growth and metastasis. In this review, we highlighted the importance of exosomal lncRNA and microRNA in gastric cancer. Exosomal lncRNAs have been shown to regulate gene expression by interacting with transcription factors or chromatin-modifying enzymes, which regulate gene expression by binding to target mRNAs. We also discuss the potential use of exosomal lncRNAs and microRNAs as diagnostic biomarkers for gastric cancer. Exosomes can be isolated from various bodily fluids, including blood, urine, and saliva. They contain specific molecules that reflect the molecular characteristics of the tumor, making them promising candidates for non-invasive diagnostic tests. Finally, the potential of targeting exosomal lncRNAs and microRNAs as a therapeutic strategy for gastric cancer were reviewed as wee. Inhibition of specific molecules within exosomes has been shown to suppress tumor growth and metastasis in preclinical models. In conclusion, this review article provides an overview of the current understanding of the role of exosomal lncRNA and microRNA in gastric cancer. We suggest that further research into these molecules could lead to new diagnostic tools and therapeutic strategies for this deadly disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chengyao Jiang
- Department of Gastric Surgery, Liaoning Cancer Hospital and Institute, Cancer Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Jianjun Zhang
- Department of Gastric Surgery, Liaoning Cancer Hospital and Institute, Cancer Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Wentao Wang
- Department of Gastric Surgery, Liaoning Cancer Hospital and Institute, Cancer Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Zexing Shan
- Department of Gastric Surgery, Liaoning Cancer Hospital and Institute, Cancer Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Fan Sun
- Department of Gastric Surgery, Liaoning Cancer Hospital and Institute, Cancer Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Yuen Tan
- Department of Gastric Surgery, Liaoning Cancer Hospital and Institute, Cancer Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Yilin Tong
- Department of Gastric Surgery, Liaoning Cancer Hospital and Institute, Cancer Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Yue Qiu
- Medical Oncology Department of Gastrointestinal Cancer, Cancer Hospital of China Medical University, Liaoning Cancer Hospital and Institute, Shenyang, Liaoning, China
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Sato H, Hara T, Meng S, Tsuji Y, Arao Y, Sasaki K, Miyoshi N, Kobayashi S, Doki Y, Eguchi H, Ishii H. Drug Discovery and Development of miRNA-Based Nucleotide Drugs for Gastrointestinal Cancer. Biomedicines 2023; 11:2235. [PMID: 37626731 PMCID: PMC10452413 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines11082235] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2023] [Revised: 07/29/2023] [Accepted: 08/03/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Short non-coding RNAs, miRNAs, play roles in the control of cell growth and differentiation in cancer. Reportedly, the introduction of miRNAs could reduce the biologically malignant behavior of cancer cells, suggesting a possible use as therapeutic reagents. Given that the forced expression of several miRNAs, including miR-302, results in the cellular reprograming of human and mouse cells, which is similar to the effects of the transcription factors Oct4, Sox2, Klf4, and c-Myc, this suggests that the selective introduction of several miRNAs will be able to achieve anti-cancer effects at the epigenetic and metabolic levels. In this review article, we bring together the recent advances made in studies of microRNA-based therapeutic approaches to therapy-resistant cancers, especially in gastrointestinal organs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiromichi Sato
- Center of Medical Innovation and Translational Research, Department of Medical Data Science, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Yamadaoka 2-2, Suita 565-0871, Osaka, Japan; (H.S.)
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Yamadaoka 2-2, Suita 565-0871, Osaka, Japan
| | - Tomoaki Hara
- Center of Medical Innovation and Translational Research, Department of Medical Data Science, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Yamadaoka 2-2, Suita 565-0871, Osaka, Japan; (H.S.)
| | - Sikun Meng
- Center of Medical Innovation and Translational Research, Department of Medical Data Science, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Yamadaoka 2-2, Suita 565-0871, Osaka, Japan; (H.S.)
| | - Yoshiko Tsuji
- Center of Medical Innovation and Translational Research, Department of Medical Data Science, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Yamadaoka 2-2, Suita 565-0871, Osaka, Japan; (H.S.)
| | - Yasuko Arao
- Center of Medical Innovation and Translational Research, Department of Medical Data Science, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Yamadaoka 2-2, Suita 565-0871, Osaka, Japan; (H.S.)
| | - Kazuki Sasaki
- Center of Medical Innovation and Translational Research, Department of Medical Data Science, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Yamadaoka 2-2, Suita 565-0871, Osaka, Japan; (H.S.)
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Yamadaoka 2-2, Suita 565-0871, Osaka, Japan
| | - Norikatsu Miyoshi
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Yamadaoka 2-2, Suita 565-0871, Osaka, Japan
| | - Shogo Kobayashi
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Yamadaoka 2-2, Suita 565-0871, Osaka, Japan
| | - Yuichiro Doki
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Yamadaoka 2-2, Suita 565-0871, Osaka, Japan
| | - Hidetoshi Eguchi
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Yamadaoka 2-2, Suita 565-0871, Osaka, Japan
| | - Hideshi Ishii
- Center of Medical Innovation and Translational Research, Department of Medical Data Science, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Yamadaoka 2-2, Suita 565-0871, Osaka, Japan; (H.S.)
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Ling LX, Ouyang Y, Hu Y. Research trends on nanomaterials in gastric cancer: a bibliometric analysis from 2004 to 2023. J Nanobiotechnology 2023; 21:248. [PMID: 37533041 PMCID: PMC10394877 DOI: 10.1186/s12951-023-02033-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2023] [Accepted: 07/29/2023] [Indexed: 08/04/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Gastric cancer is one of the leading causes of cancer-related deaths worldwide. In recent years, an increasing number of studies aimed at designing and developing nanomaterials for use in diagnosing and treating gastric cancer have been conducted. In this study, we aimed to comprehensively assess the current status and trends of the research on the application of nanomaterials in gastric cancer through a bibliometric analysis. METHODS Studies focusing on nanomaterials and gastric cancer were retrieved from the Web of Science Core Collection database and relevant articles were selected for inclusion in the study according to the inclusion criteria. Bibliometric and visual analysis of the included publications was performed using VOSviewer and CiteSpace. RESULTS A total of 793 studies were included. An increase in annual publications was observed from 2004 to 2023. China, Iran and the USA were the dominant countries in this field, accounting for 66.1%, 11.5% and 7.2% of publications, respectively. Shanghai Jiao Tong University and Cui DX were the most influential institution and author, respectively. The International Journal of Nanomedicine was the most prolific journal; Biomaterials was the most cited and most cocited journal. Nanomaterial-related drug delivery and anticancer mechanisms were found to be the most widely researched aspects, and green synthesis and anticancer mechanisms are recent research hotspots. CONCLUSION In this study, we summarized the characteristics of publications and identified the most influential countries, institutions, authors, journals, hot topics and trends regarding the application of nanomaterials in gastric cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li-Xiang Ling
- Department of Gastroenterology, Digestive Disease Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, 17 Yong Waizheng Street, Donghu District, Nanchang, 330006, Jiangxi Province, China
| | - Yaobin Ouyang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Digestive Disease Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, 17 Yong Waizheng Street, Donghu District, Nanchang, 330006, Jiangxi Province, China
- Department of Oncology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Yi Hu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Digestive Disease Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, 17 Yong Waizheng Street, Donghu District, Nanchang, 330006, Jiangxi Province, China.
- Department of Surgery at the Sir YK Pao Centre for Cancer, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin NT, Hong Kong, China.
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Zhang X, Yang Z, Jiang J, Tang M, Guan L, Lee H, Wang H, Xu J. Engineering exosomes and their application in cardiovascular field: Bibliometric analysis from 2002 to 2022. Heliyon 2023; 9:e18809. [PMID: 37576273 PMCID: PMC10415707 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e18809] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2023] [Revised: 07/25/2023] [Accepted: 07/28/2023] [Indexed: 08/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is the leading cause of death around the world, warranting an increasing number of studies for its treatment. Among all of its therapeutical strategies, engineered exosomes are attracting growing attention due to their excellent biocompatibility, non-immunogenicity, and favorable plasticity. Despite its increasing popularity, there is yet to be a bibliometric analysis regarding the application of exosomes in CVD treatment. Therefore, the present study assessed the current trends in engineered exosomes in treating CVD by conducting a bibliometric analysis. All associated literatures published between years 2002-2022 were collected, through the Web of Science Core Collection. Our results showed that related studies robustly increased in 2020, followed by a gradual increase from 2020 to 2022, indicating that this field attracted growing attention. Additionally, we described critical network of countries, institutions, authors, top-cited references, and keywords. The present bibliometric study provides systematic observations on engineering exosomes in treating CVD, reveals potential challenges and future direction for additional studies, and may inspire more researchers to commit to investigating treatments for CVD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao Zhang
- Institute of Geriatrics (Shanghai University), Affiliated Nantong Hospital of Shanghai University (The Sixth People's Hospital of Nantong), Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Organ Repair, School of Medicine and School of Life Science, Shanghai University, Nantong, 226011, China
| | - Zijiang Yang
- Institute of Geriatrics (Shanghai University), Affiliated Nantong Hospital of Shanghai University (The Sixth People's Hospital of Nantong), Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Organ Repair, School of Medicine and School of Life Science, Shanghai University, Nantong, 226011, China
| | - Jizong Jiang
- Institute of Geriatrics (Shanghai University), Affiliated Nantong Hospital of Shanghai University (The Sixth People's Hospital of Nantong), Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Organ Repair, School of Medicine and School of Life Science, Shanghai University, Nantong, 226011, China
| | - Ming Tang
- Institute of Geriatrics (Shanghai University), Affiliated Nantong Hospital of Shanghai University (The Sixth People's Hospital of Nantong), Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Organ Repair, School of Medicine and School of Life Science, Shanghai University, Nantong, 226011, China
| | - Longfei Guan
- China-America Institute of Neuroscience, Beijing Luhe Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 101149, China
| | - Hangil Lee
- Department of Neurosurgery, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, MI, 48201, USA
| | - Hongyun Wang
- Institute of Geriatrics (Shanghai University), Affiliated Nantong Hospital of Shanghai University (The Sixth People's Hospital of Nantong), Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Organ Repair, School of Medicine and School of Life Science, Shanghai University, Nantong, 226011, China
| | - Jiahong Xu
- Department of Cardiology, Shanghai Pudong New Area Gongli Hospital, Shanghai, 200135, China
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Zhang J, Xie Y, Liu X, Gan L, Li P, Dou Z, Di C, Zhang H, Si J. Carbon ions trigger DNA damage response to overcome radioresistance by regulating β-catenin signaling in quiescent HeLa cells. J Cell Physiol 2023; 238:1836-1849. [PMID: 37334439 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.31052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2023] [Revised: 04/26/2023] [Accepted: 05/06/2023] [Indexed: 06/20/2023]
Abstract
Quiescent cancer cells are major impediments to effective radiotherapy (RT) and exhibit limited sensitivity to traditional photon therapy. Herein, the functional role and underlying mechanism of carbon ions in overcoming the radioresistance of quiescent cervical cancer HeLa cells were determined. Briefly, serum withdrawal was used to induce synchronized quiescence in HeLa cells. Quiescent HeLa cells displayed strong radioresistance and DNA repair potential. After irradiation with carbon ions, the DNA damage repair pathway may markedly rely on error-prone nonhomologous end-joining in proliferating cells, whereas the high-precision homologous recombination pathway is more relevant in quiescent cells. This phenomenon could be explained by the ionizing radiation (IR)-induced cell cycle re-entry of quiescent cancer cells. There are three strategies for eradicating quiescent cancer cells using high-linear energy transfer (LET) carbon ions: direct cell death through complex DNA damage; apoptosis via an enhanced mitochondria-mediated intrinsic pathway; forced re-entry of quiescent cancer cells into the cell cycle, thereby improving their susceptibility to IR. Silencing β-catenin signaling is essential for maintaining the dormant state in quiescent cells. Herein, carbon ions activated the β-catenin pathway in quiescent cells, and inhibition of this pathway improved the resistance of quiescent HeLa cells to carbon ions by alleviating DNA damage, improving DNA damage repair, maintaining quiescent depth, and inhibiting apoptosis. Collectively, carbon ions conquer the radioresistance of quiescent HeLa cells by activating β-catenin signaling, which provides a theoretical basis for improved therapeutic effects in patients with middle-advanced-stage cervical cancer with radioresistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinhua Zhang
- Department of Medical Physics, Institute of Modern Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Heavy Ion Radiation Biology and Medicine of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou, China
- College of Life Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- Advanced Energy Science and Technology Guangdong Laboratory, Huizhou, China
| | - Yi Xie
- Department of Medical Physics, Institute of Modern Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Heavy Ion Radiation Biology and Medicine of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou, China
- College of Life Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- Advanced Energy Science and Technology Guangdong Laboratory, Huizhou, China
| | - Xiaoyi Liu
- School of Life Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Lu Gan
- Department of Medical Physics, Institute of Modern Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Heavy Ion Radiation Biology and Medicine of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou, China
- College of Life Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- Advanced Energy Science and Technology Guangdong Laboratory, Huizhou, China
| | - Pingping Li
- Department of Medical Physics, Institute of Modern Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Heavy Ion Radiation Biology and Medicine of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou, China
- College of Life Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- Advanced Energy Science and Technology Guangdong Laboratory, Huizhou, China
| | - Zhihui Dou
- Department of Medical Physics, Institute of Modern Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Heavy Ion Radiation Biology and Medicine of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou, China
- College of Life Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- Advanced Energy Science and Technology Guangdong Laboratory, Huizhou, China
| | - Cuixia Di
- Department of Medical Physics, Institute of Modern Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Heavy Ion Radiation Biology and Medicine of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou, China
- College of Life Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- Advanced Energy Science and Technology Guangdong Laboratory, Huizhou, China
| | - Hong Zhang
- Department of Medical Physics, Institute of Modern Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Heavy Ion Radiation Biology and Medicine of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou, China
- College of Life Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- Advanced Energy Science and Technology Guangdong Laboratory, Huizhou, China
| | - Jing Si
- Department of Medical Physics, Institute of Modern Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Heavy Ion Radiation Biology and Medicine of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou, China
- College of Life Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- Advanced Energy Science and Technology Guangdong Laboratory, Huizhou, China
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Kimura Y, Ohzawa H, Miyato H, Kaneko Y, Kuchimaru T, Takahashi R, Yamaguchi H, Kurashina K, Saito S, Hosoya Y, Lefor AK, Sata N, Kitayama J. Intraperitoneal transfer of microRNA-29b-containing small extracellular vesicles can suppress peritoneal metastases of gastric cancer. Cancer Sci 2023; 114:2939-2950. [PMID: 36939028 PMCID: PMC10323101 DOI: 10.1111/cas.15793] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2023] [Revised: 03/13/2023] [Accepted: 03/16/2023] [Indexed: 03/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Small extracellular vesicles (sEV) contain various microRNAs (miRNAs) and play crucial roles in the tumor metastatic process. Although miR-29b levels in peritoneal exosomes were markedly reduced in patients with peritoneal metastases (PM), their role has not been fully clarified. In this study, we asked whether the replacement of miR-29b can affect the development of PM in a murine model. UE6E7T-12, human bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs), were transfected with miR-29b-integrating recombinant lentiviral vector and sEV were isolated from culture supernatants using ultracentrifugation. The sEV contained markedly increased amounts of miR-29b compared with negative controls. Treatment with transforming growth factor-β1 decreased the expression of E-cadherin and calretinin with increased expression of vimentin and fibronectin on human omental tissue-derived mesothelial cells (HPMCs). However, the effects were totally abrogated by adding miR-29b-rich sEV. The sEV inhibited proliferation and migration of HPMCs by 15% (p < 0.005, n = 6) and 70% (p < 0.005, n = 6), respectively, and inhibited adhesion of NUGC-4 and MKN45 to HPMCs by 90% (p < 0.0001, n = 5) and 77% (p < 0.0001, n = 5), respectively. MicroRNA-29b-rich murine sEV were similarly obtained using mouse BMSCs and examined for in vivo effects with a syngeneic murine model using YTN16P, a highly metastatic clone of gastric cancer cell. Intraperitoneal (IP) transfer of the sEV every 3 days markedly reduced the number of PM from YTN16P in the mesentery (p < 0.05, n = 6) and the omentum (p < 0.05, n = 6). Bone marrow mesenchymal stem cell-derived sEV are a useful carrier for IP administration of miR-29b, which can suppress the development of PM of gastric cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuki Kimura
- Department of SurgeryJichi Medical University HospitalShimotsukeJapan
| | - Hideyuki Ohzawa
- Department of Clinical OncologyJichi Medical University HospitalShimotsukeJapan
| | - Hideyo Miyato
- Department of SurgeryJichi Medical University HospitalShimotsukeJapan
| | - Yuki Kaneko
- Department of SurgeryJichi Medical University HospitalShimotsukeJapan
| | | | - Rei Takahashi
- Department of SurgeryJichi Medical University HospitalShimotsukeJapan
| | - Hironori Yamaguchi
- Department of Clinical OncologyJichi Medical University HospitalShimotsukeJapan
| | - Kentaro Kurashina
- Department of SurgeryJichi Medical University HospitalShimotsukeJapan
| | - Shin Saito
- Department of SurgeryJichi Medical University HospitalShimotsukeJapan
| | - Yoshinori Hosoya
- Department of SurgeryJichi Medical University HospitalShimotsukeJapan
| | | | - Naohiro Sata
- Department of SurgeryJichi Medical University HospitalShimotsukeJapan
| | - Joji Kitayama
- Department of SurgeryJichi Medical University HospitalShimotsukeJapan
- Center for Clinical ResearchJichi Medical University HospitalShimotsukeJapan
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Liu L, Zhang Y, Hu X, Zhang H, Jiang C, Guo Y, Cang S. MiR-138-5p inhibits prostate cancer cell proliferation and chemoresistance by targeting APOBEC3B. Transl Oncol 2023; 35:101723. [PMID: 37364333 DOI: 10.1016/j.tranon.2023.101723] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2023] [Revised: 05/22/2023] [Accepted: 06/12/2023] [Indexed: 06/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Docetaxel is one of the most commonly used drugs in prostate cancer (PCa) chemotherapy, but its therapeutic effect in PCa is usually limited due to its drug resistance. APOBEC3B is a DNA cytosine deaminase that can alter biological processes, including chemoresistance. APOBEC3B is upregulated in various cancers. However, the biological function and underlying regulation of APOBEC3B in PCa remain unclear. In this study, we explored the role of APOBEC3B in PCa chemoresistance and the molecular mechanism of its dysregulated expression. Our results revealed that APOBEC3B was upregulated in PCa docetaxel-resistant cells, while its knockdown significantly repressed cell proliferation and docetaxel resistance of PCa cells. Bioinformatics and luciferase report analysis showed that miR-138-5p targeted APOBEC3B. In addition, miR-138-5p overexpression impeded cell proliferation and docetaxel resistance in PCa, while miR-138-5p inhibitors reversed this process. Further studies showed that upregulation of APOBEC3B expression in docetaxel-resistant cells overexpressing miR-138-5p could desensitize PCa cells to docetaxel treatment. Taken together, miR-138-5p regulates PCa cell proliferation and chemoresistance by targeting the 3'-UTR of APOBEC3B, which may provide novel insights and therapeutic targets for the treatment of PCa.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lina Liu
- Department of Oncology, Henan Provincial International Coalition Laboratory of Oncology Precision Treatment, Henan Provincial Academician Workstation of Non-coding RNA Translational Research, Henan Provincial People's Hospital, Henan University People's Hospital and Zhengzhou University People's Hospital, Zhengzhou, 450003, Henan, China
| | - Yan Zhang
- Department of Oncology, Henan Provincial International Coalition Laboratory of Oncology Precision Treatment, Henan Provincial Academician Workstation of Non-coding RNA Translational Research, Henan Provincial People's Hospital, Henan University People's Hospital and Zhengzhou University People's Hospital, Zhengzhou, 450003, Henan, China
| | - Xi Hu
- Department of Oncology, Henan Provincial International Coalition Laboratory of Oncology Precision Treatment, Henan Provincial Academician Workstation of Non-coding RNA Translational Research, Henan Provincial People's Hospital, Henan University People's Hospital and Zhengzhou University People's Hospital, Zhengzhou, 450003, Henan, China
| | - Hui Zhang
- Department of Oncology, Henan Provincial International Coalition Laboratory of Oncology Precision Treatment, Henan Provincial Academician Workstation of Non-coding RNA Translational Research, Henan Provincial People's Hospital, Henan University People's Hospital and Zhengzhou University People's Hospital, Zhengzhou, 450003, Henan, China
| | - Chenyang Jiang
- Department of Oncology, Henan Provincial International Coalition Laboratory of Oncology Precision Treatment, Henan Provincial Academician Workstation of Non-coding RNA Translational Research, Henan Provincial People's Hospital, Henan University People's Hospital and Zhengzhou University People's Hospital, Zhengzhou, 450003, Henan, China
| | - Yan Guo
- Department of Oncology, Henan Provincial International Coalition Laboratory of Oncology Precision Treatment, Henan Provincial Academician Workstation of Non-coding RNA Translational Research, Henan Provincial People's Hospital, Henan University People's Hospital and Zhengzhou University People's Hospital, Zhengzhou, 450003, Henan, China
| | - Shundong Cang
- Department of Oncology, Henan Provincial International Coalition Laboratory of Oncology Precision Treatment, Henan Provincial Academician Workstation of Non-coding RNA Translational Research, Henan Provincial People's Hospital, Henan University People's Hospital and Zhengzhou University People's Hospital, Zhengzhou, 450003, Henan, China.
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Ferlizza E, Romaniello D, Borrelli F, Pagano F, Girone C, Gelfo V, Kuhre RS, Morselli A, Mazzeschi M, Sgarzi M, Filippini DM, D'Uva G, Lauriola M. Extracellular Vesicles and Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor Activation: Interplay of Drivers in Cancer Progression. Cancers (Basel) 2023; 15:cancers15112970. [PMID: 37296932 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15112970] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2023] [Revised: 05/12/2023] [Accepted: 05/25/2023] [Indexed: 06/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are of great interest to study the cellular mechanisms of cancer development and to diagnose and monitor cancer progression. EVs are a highly heterogeneous population of cell derived particles, which include microvesicles (MVs) and exosomes (EXOs). EVs deliver intercellular messages transferring proteins, lipids, nucleic acids, and metabolites with implications for tumour progression, invasiveness, and metastasis. Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor (EGFR) is a major driver of cancer. Tumour cells with activated EGFR could produce EVs disseminating EGFR itself or its ligands. This review provides an overview of EVs (mainly EXOs and MVs) and their cargo, with a subsequent focus on their production and effects related to EGFR activation. In particular, in vitro studies performed in EGFR-dependent solid tumours and/or cell cultures will be explored, thus shedding light on the interplay between EGFR and EVs production in promoting cancer progression, metastases, and resistance to therapies. Finally, an overview of liquid biopsy approaches involving EGFR and EVs in the blood/plasma of EGFR-dependent tumour patients will also be discussed to evaluate their possible application as candidate biomarkers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Enea Ferlizza
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences (DIMEC), University of Bologna, 40138 Bologna, Italy
| | - Donatella Romaniello
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences (DIMEC), University of Bologna, 40138 Bologna, Italy
| | - Francesco Borrelli
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences (DIMEC), University of Bologna, 40138 Bologna, Italy
| | - Federica Pagano
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences (DIMEC), University of Bologna, 40138 Bologna, Italy
| | - Cinzia Girone
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences (DIMEC), University of Bologna, 40138 Bologna, Italy
| | - Valerio Gelfo
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences (DIMEC), University of Bologna, 40138 Bologna, Italy
| | - Rikke Sofie Kuhre
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences (DIMEC), University of Bologna, 40138 Bologna, Italy
| | - Alessandra Morselli
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences (DIMEC), University of Bologna, 40138 Bologna, Italy
| | - Martina Mazzeschi
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences (DIMEC), University of Bologna, 40138 Bologna, Italy
| | - Michela Sgarzi
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences (DIMEC), University of Bologna, 40138 Bologna, Italy
- IRCCS Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria di Bologna, 40138 Bologna, Italy
| | - Daria Maria Filippini
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences (DIMEC), University of Bologna, 40138 Bologna, Italy
- IRCCS Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria di Bologna, 40138 Bologna, Italy
| | - Gabriele D'Uva
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences (DIMEC), University of Bologna, 40138 Bologna, Italy
- IRCCS Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria di Bologna, 40138 Bologna, Italy
| | - Mattia Lauriola
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences (DIMEC), University of Bologna, 40138 Bologna, Italy
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Li C, Li X, Gu Q, Xie L, Cai Y, Liao L. Synthesis, characterization and potential applications for oxidized agarose. Int J Biol Macromol 2023; 242:124643. [PMID: 37119904 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.124643] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2023] [Revised: 04/14/2023] [Accepted: 04/24/2023] [Indexed: 05/01/2023]
Abstract
The knowledge of agarose (AG) oxidation using periodate as oxidizer has not been systematically explored. This paper synthesized oxidized agarose (OAG) using solid-sate and solution reaction methods; the reaction mechanism and the properties of OAG samples were systematically evaluated. Chemical structure analysis disclosed that the aldehyde group and carboxyl group contents in all OAG samples are extremely low. Meanwhile, crystallinity, dynamic viscosity and molecular weight of OAG samples is lower than that of the original AG. Reaction temperature, time and sodium periodate dosage are inversely proportional to the decline of the gelling temperature (Tg) and melting temperature (Tm); and the Tg and Tm for the OAG sample obtained are even 19 °C and 22 °C lower than that of the original AG. The as-synthesized OAG samples all possess excellent cytocompatibility and blood compatibility; and can promote the proliferation and migration of fibroblast cells. Last but not least, the gel strength, hardness, cohesiveness, springiness and chewiness of the OAG gel can be effectively regulated via oxidation reaction. In conclusions, both solid and solution oxidation can regulate the physical properties of OAG and enlarge its potential applications in wound dressing, tissue engineering and food areas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chengpeng Li
- School of Chemistry and Environmental Science, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang 524088, China.
| | - Xianzhu Li
- School of Chemistry and Environmental Science, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang 524088, China; Agricultural Product Processing Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Zhanjiang 524001, China
| | - Qixiang Gu
- School of Chemistry and Environmental Science, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang 524088, China; Agricultural Product Processing Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Zhanjiang 524001, China
| | - Lici Xie
- School of Chemistry and Environmental Science, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang 524088, China
| | - Ying Cai
- School of Chemistry and Environmental Science, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang 524088, China
| | - Lusheng Liao
- Agricultural Product Processing Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Zhanjiang 524001, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Natural Rubber Processing, Agricultural Products Processing Research Institute of Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Zhanjiang 524001, China.
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Mani C, Acharya G, Saamarthy K, Ochola D, Mereddy S, Pruitt K, Manne U, Palle K. Racial differences in RAD51 expression are regulated by miRNA-214-5P and its inhibition synergizes with olaparib in triple-negative breast cancer. Breast Cancer Res 2023; 25:44. [PMID: 37081516 PMCID: PMC10120249 DOI: 10.1186/s13058-023-01615-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2022] [Accepted: 02/03/2023] [Indexed: 04/22/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) affects young women and is the most aggressive subtype of breast cancer (BC). TNBCs disproportionally affect women of African-American (AA) descent compared to other ethnicities. We have identified DNA repair gene RAD51 as a poor prognosis marker in TNBC and its posttranscriptional regulation through microRNAs (miRNAs). This study aims to delineate the mechanisms leading to RAD51 upregulation and develop novel therapeutic combinations to effectively treat TNBCs and reduce disparity in clinical outcomes. METHODS Analysis of TCGA data for BC cohorts using the UALCAN portal and PrognoScan identified the overexpression of RAD51 in TNBCs. miRNA sequencing identified significant downregulation of RAD51-targeting miRNAs miR-214-5P and miR-142-3P. RT-PCR assays were used to validate the levels of miRNAs and RAD51, and immunohistochemical and immunoblotting techniques were used similarly for RAD51 protein levels in TNBC tissues and cell lines. Luciferase assays were performed under the control of RAD51 3'-UTR to confirm that miR-214-5P regulates RAD51 expression. To examine the effect of miR-214-5P-mediated downregulation of RAD51 on homologous recombination (HR) in TNBC cells, Dr-GFP reporter assays were performed. To assess the levels of olaparib-induced DNA damage responses in miR-214-5P, transfected cells, immunoblots, and immunofluorescence assays were used. Furthermore, COMET assays were used to measure DNA lesions and colony assays were performed to assess the sensitivity of BRCA-proficient TNBC cells to olaparib. RESULTS In-silico analysis identified upregulation of RAD51 as a poor prognostic marker in TNBCs. miRNA-seq data showed significant downregulation of miR-214-5P and miR-142-3P in TNBC cell lines derived from AA women compared to Caucasian-American (CA) women. miR-214-5P mimics downregulated RAD51 expression and induces HR deficiency as measured by Dr-GFP assays in these cell lines. Based on these results, we designed a combination treatment of miR-214-5P and olaparib in HR-proficient AA TNBC cell lines using clonogenic survival assays. The combination of miR-214-5P and olaparib showed synergistic lethality compared to individual treatments in these cell lines. CONCLUSIONS Our studies identified a novel epigenetic regulation of RAD51 in TNBCs by miR-214-5P suggesting a novel combination therapies involving miR-214-5P and olaparib to treat HR-proficient TNBCs and to reduce racial disparity in therapeutic outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chinnadurai Mani
- Department of Cell Biology and Biochemistry, Department of Surgery, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, 3601 4th Street, Lubbock, TX, 79430, USA
| | - Ganesh Acharya
- Department of Cell Biology and Biochemistry, Department of Surgery, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, 3601 4th Street, Lubbock, TX, 79430, USA
| | - Karunakar Saamarthy
- Department of Cell Biology and Biochemistry, Department of Surgery, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, 3601 4th Street, Lubbock, TX, 79430, USA
| | - Damieanus Ochola
- Department of Cell Biology and Biochemistry, Department of Surgery, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, 3601 4th Street, Lubbock, TX, 79430, USA
| | - Srinidhi Mereddy
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Biology, University of Washington, 1400 NE Campus Parkway, Seattle, WA, 98195, USA
| | - Kevin Pruitt
- Department of Immunology and Infectious Diseases, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, 3601 4th Street, Lubbock, TX, 79430, USA
| | - Upender Manne
- Department of Pathology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, 35294, USA
| | - Komaraiah Palle
- Department of Cell Biology and Biochemistry, Department of Surgery, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, 3601 4th Street, Lubbock, TX, 79430, USA.
- Department of Surgery, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Lubbock, TX, 79430, USA.
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Li ZY, Zhu YX, Chen JR, Chang X, Xie ZZ. The role of KLF transcription factor in the regulation of cancer progression. Biomed Pharmacother 2023; 162:114661. [PMID: 37068333 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2023.114661] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2023] [Revised: 04/03/2023] [Accepted: 04/03/2023] [Indexed: 04/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Kruppel-like factors (KLFs) are a family of zinc finger transcription factors that have been found to play an essential role in the development of various human tissues, including epithelial, teeth, and nerves. In addition to regulating normal physiological processes, KLFs have been implicated in promoting the onset of several cancers, such as gastric cancer, lung cancer, breast cancer, liver cancer, and colon cancer. To inhibit cancer progression, various existing medicines have been used to modulate the expression of KLFs, and anti-microRNA treatments have also emerged as a potential strategy for many cancers. Investigating the possibility of targeting KLFs in cancer therapy is urgently needed, as the roles of KLFs in cancer have not received enough attention in recent years. This review summarizes the factors that regulate KLF expression and function at both the transcriptional and posttranscriptional levels, which could aid in understanding the mechanisms of KLFs in cancer progression. We hope that this review will contribute to the development of more effective anti-cancer medicines targeting KLFs in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zi-Yi Li
- College of Basic Medical, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330006, PR China; Queen Mary School, Medical Department, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330006, PR China
| | - Yu-Xin Zhu
- College of Basic Medical, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330006, PR China; Queen Mary School, Medical Department, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330006, PR China
| | - Jian-Rui Chen
- College of Basic Medical, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330006, PR China; Queen Mary School, Medical Department, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330006, PR China
| | - Xu Chang
- College of Basic Medical, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330006, PR China; Queen Mary School, Medical Department, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330006, PR China
| | - Zhen-Zhen Xie
- College of Basic Medical, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330006, PR China; Experimental teaching center of Basic Medical College, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330006, PR China.
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45
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Gao C, Cai X, Ma L, Sun P, Li C. Systematic analysis of circRNA-related ceRNA networks of black rockfish (Sebastes schlegelii) in response to Aeromonas salmonicides infection. FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY 2023; 135:108648. [PMID: 36842642 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2023.108648] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2022] [Revised: 02/21/2023] [Accepted: 02/24/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Aeromonas salmonicides is a type of Gram-negative bacteria and has become the main fish pathogen in aquaculture because of its characteristics of worldwide distribution, broad host range and potentially devastating impacts. In the past years, studies have been focused to explore the regulatory roles of circRNA-miRNA-mRNA network in fish diseases. However, there are only few systematic studies linked to the anti-bacterial roles of circRNA-related ceRNA networks in the spleen immune system of black rockfish (Sebastes schlegelii). In this study, the whole-transcriptome sequencing (RNA-seq) was conducted in the black rockfish spleen with A. salmonicida challenging. The differentially expressed (DE) circRNAs were identified comprehensively for the following enrichment analysis. Interactions of miRNA-circRNA pairs and miRNA-mRNA pairs were predicted for the construction of circRNA-related ceRNA regulatory networks. Then, protein-protein interaction (PPI) analysis of mRNAs from these ceRNA networks were conducted. Finally, a total number of 39 circRNAs exhibited significantly differential expressions during A. salmonicida infection in the black rockfish spleen in 4338 identified circRNAs from 12 samples in 4 libraries. Functional enrichment analysis suggested that they were significantly enriched in several immune-related pathways, including Endocytosis, FoxO signaling pathway, Jak-STST signaling pathway, Herpes simplex infection, etc. Subsequently, 290 circRNA-miRNA-mRNA pathways (91 at 2 h, 142 at 12 h and 65 at 24 h) were constructed including 31 circRNAs, 50 miRNAs, and 156 mRNAs. In conclusion, the circRNA-related ceRNA networks were established, which will provide some novel insights in molecular mechanistic investigations of anti-bacterial immune response in teleost. Also, these findings will propose significant predictive values for the development of methods of treatment and prevention in black rockfish after bacterial infection in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chengbin Gao
- School of Marine Science and Engineering, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, 266109, China; Centre for Sustainable Aquatic Ecosystems, Harry Butler Institute, Murdoch University, Murdoch, WA, 6150, Australia
| | - Xin Cai
- School of Marine Science and Engineering, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, 266109, China; Centre for Sustainable Aquatic Ecosystems, Harry Butler Institute, Murdoch University, Murdoch, WA, 6150, Australia
| | - Le Ma
- Centre for Sustainable Aquatic Ecosystems, Harry Butler Institute, Murdoch University, Murdoch, WA, 6150, Australia
| | - Peng Sun
- Shandong Weifang Ecological Environment Monitoring Center, China
| | - Chao Li
- School of Marine Science and Engineering, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, 266109, China.
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Boggio E, Gigliotti CL, Stoppa I, Pantham D, Sacchetti S, Rolla R, Grattarola M, Monge C, Pizzimenti S, Dianzani U, Dianzani C, Battaglia L. Exploiting Nanomedicine for Cancer Polychemotherapy: Recent Advances and Clinical Applications. Pharmaceutics 2023; 15:937. [PMID: 36986798 PMCID: PMC10057931 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics15030937] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2023] [Revised: 03/07/2023] [Accepted: 03/10/2023] [Indexed: 03/18/2023] Open
Abstract
The most important limitations of chemotherapeutic agents are severe side effects and the development of multi-drug resistance. Recently, the clinical successes achieved with immunotherapy have revolutionized the treatment of several advanced-stage malignancies, but most patients do not respond and many of them develop immune-related adverse events. Loading synergistic combinations of different anti-tumor drugs in nanocarriers may enhance their efficacy and reduce life-threatening toxicities. Thereafter, nanomedicines may synergize with pharmacological, immunological, and physical combined treatments, and should be increasingly integrated in multimodal combination therapy regimens. The goal of this manuscript is to provide better understanding and key considerations for developing new combined nanomedicines and nanotheranostics. We will clarify the potential of combined nanomedicine strategies that are designed to target different steps of the cancer growth as well as its microenvironment and immunity interactions. Moreover, we will describe relevant experiments in animal models and discuss issues raised by translation in the human setting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elena Boggio
- Dipartimento di Scienze della Salute, Università del Piemonte Orientale, 28100 Novara, Italy
| | - Casimiro Luca Gigliotti
- Dipartimento di Scienze della Salute, Università del Piemonte Orientale, 28100 Novara, Italy
| | - Ian Stoppa
- Dipartimento di Scienze della Salute, Università del Piemonte Orientale, 28100 Novara, Italy
| | - Deepika Pantham
- Dipartimento di Scienze della Salute, Università del Piemonte Orientale, 28100 Novara, Italy
| | - Sara Sacchetti
- Dipartimento di Scienze della Salute, Università del Piemonte Orientale, 28100 Novara, Italy
- Ospedale Universitario Maggiore della Carità, 28100 Novara, Italy
| | - Roberta Rolla
- Dipartimento di Scienze della Salute, Università del Piemonte Orientale, 28100 Novara, Italy
- Ospedale Universitario Maggiore della Carità, 28100 Novara, Italy
| | - Margherita Grattarola
- Dipartimento di Scienze Cliniche e Biologiche, Università degli Studi di Torino, Corso Raffaello 30, 10125 Torino, Italy
| | - Chiara Monge
- Dipartimento di Scienza e Tecnologia del Farmaco, Università degli Studi di Torino, 10125 Torino, Italy
| | - Stefania Pizzimenti
- Dipartimento di Scienze Cliniche e Biologiche, Università degli Studi di Torino, Corso Raffaello 30, 10125 Torino, Italy
| | - Umberto Dianzani
- Dipartimento di Scienze della Salute, Università del Piemonte Orientale, 28100 Novara, Italy
- Ospedale Universitario Maggiore della Carità, 28100 Novara, Italy
| | - Chiara Dianzani
- Dipartimento di Scienza e Tecnologia del Farmaco, Università degli Studi di Torino, 10125 Torino, Italy
| | - Luigi Battaglia
- Dipartimento di Scienza e Tecnologia del Farmaco, Università degli Studi di Torino, 10125 Torino, Italy
- Centro Interdipartimentale Nanostructured Interfaces and Surfaces (NIS) Interdepartmental Centre, Università degli Studi di Torino, 10124 Torino, Italy
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Xie F, Huang Y, Zhan Y, Bao L. Exosomes as drug delivery system in gastrointestinal cancer. Front Oncol 2023; 12:1101823. [PMID: 36761427 PMCID: PMC9905849 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2022.1101823] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2022] [Accepted: 12/29/2022] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Gastrointestinal cancer is one of the most common malignancies with relatively high morbidity and mortality. Exosomes are nanosized extracellular vesicles derived from most cells and widely distributed in body fluids. They are natural endogenous nanocarriers with low immunogenicity, high biocompatibility, and natural targeting, and can transport lipids, proteins, DNA, and RNA. Exosomes contain DNA, RNA, proteins, lipids, and other bioactive components, which can play a role in information transmission and regulation of cellular physiological and pathological processes during the progression of gastrointestinal cancer. In this paper, the role of exosomes in gastrointestinal cancers is briefly reviewed, with emphasis on the application of exosomes as drug delivery systems for gastrointestinal cancers. Finally, the challenges faced by exosome-based drug delivery systems are discussed.
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Sridharan B, Lim HG. Exosomes and ultrasound: The future of theranostic applications. Mater Today Bio 2023; 19:100556. [PMID: 36756211 PMCID: PMC9900624 DOI: 10.1016/j.mtbio.2023.100556] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2022] [Revised: 01/17/2023] [Accepted: 01/17/2023] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Biomaterials and pertaining formulations have been very successful in various diagnostic and therapeutic applications because of its ability to overcome pharmacological limitations. Some of them have gained significant focus in the recent decade for their theranostic properties. Exosomes can be grouped as biomaterials, since they consist of various biological micro/macromolecules and possess all the properties of a stable biomaterial with size in nano range. Significant research has gone into isolation and exploitation of exosomes as potential theranostic agent. However, the limitations in terms of yield, efficacy, and target specificity are continuously being addressed. On the other hand, several nano/microformulations are responsive to physical or chemical alterations and were successfully stimulated by tweaking the physical characteristics of the surrounding environment they are in. Some of them are termed as photodynamic, sonodynamic or thermodynamic therapeutic systems. In this regard, ultrasound and acoustic systems were extensively studied for its ability towards altering the properties of the systems to which they were applied on. In this review, we have detailed about the diagnostic and therapeutic applications of exosomes and ultrasound separately, consisting of their conventional applications, drawbacks, and developments for addressing the challenges. The information were categorized into various sections that provide complete overview of the isolation strategies and theranostic applications of exosomes in various diseases. Then the ultrasound-based disease diagnosis and therapy were elaborated, with special interest towards the use of ultrasound in enhancing the efficacy of nanomedicines and nanodrug delivery systems, Finally, we discussed about the ability of ultrasound in enhancing the diagnostic and therapeutic properties of exosomes, which could be the future of theranostics.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Hae Gyun Lim
- Corresponding author. Biomedical Ultrasound Lab, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Pukyong National University, Busan, 48513, Republic of Korea.
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Xu XH, Shao SL, Guo D, Ge LN, Wang Z, Liu P, Tao YY. Roles of microRNAs and exosomes in Helicobacter pylori associated gastric cancer. Mol Biol Rep 2023; 50:889-897. [PMID: 36367659 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-022-08073-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2022] [Accepted: 10/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) is a common pathogen that infects more than half of the world's population. Its infection can not only lead to a variety of gastrointestinal diseases, such as chronic gastritis and gastric cancer (GC) but also be associated with many extra-gastrointestinal diseases. Exosomes, as a new intercellular information transmission medium, can carry biological signal molecules such as microRNAs (miRNAs) to regulate a variety of cellular physiological activities and are involved in multiple cancer processes. In this article, we provide a systematic review on the role of exosomal miRNAs in H. pylori-associated GC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Han Xu
- School of Medical Laboratory, Weifang Medical University, Weifang, Shandong, 261053, People's Republic of China
| | - Shu-Li Shao
- Department of Central Lab, Weihai Municipal Hospital, Weihai, Shandong, 264200, People's Republic of China
| | - Dong Guo
- Department of Central Lab, Weihai Municipal Hospital, Weihai, Shandong, 264200, People's Republic of China
| | - Li-Na Ge
- School of Laboratory Medicine, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning, 116044, People's Republic of China
| | - Zan Wang
- School of Medical Laboratory, Weifang Medical University, Weifang, Shandong, 261053, People's Republic of China
| | - Peng Liu
- Department of Central Lab, Weihai Municipal Hospital, Weihai, Shandong, 264200, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuan-Yong Tao
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Weifang Medical University, Weifang, Shandong, 261031, People's Republic of China.
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Zhou X, Liu Q, Wang X, Yao X, Zhang B, Wu J, Sun C. Exosomal ncRNAs facilitate interactive 'dialogue' between tumor cells and tumor-associated macrophages. Cancer Lett 2023; 552:215975. [PMID: 36306940 DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2022.215975] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2022] [Revised: 10/13/2022] [Accepted: 10/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
As a biological carrier, exosomes participate in the communication between various kinds of cells, and can mediate the interactive 'dialogue' between tumor cells and tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs). TAMs are the most abundant cell population in the tumor stroma and are an important part of the tumor immune microenvironment. Various stimulating factors in the tumor microenvironment influence the polarization of TAMs into multiple phenotypes, such as M1 and M2. It plays a dual role in tumor immunity by both promoting and inhibiting tumor growth. Exosome-encapsulated non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) participate in the interactive 'dialogue' between exosome-mediated TAMs and tumor cells. Tumor-derived exosomal ncRNAs can promote macrophage polarization, whereas exosomal ncRNAs derived from TAMs can affect tumor proliferation, metastasis, angiogenesis, and chemotherapy resistance. The present review summarizes the dual effects of exosomal ncRNAs on tumor cells and TAMs, and discusses the application of exosomal ncRNAs as a potential diagnostic or prognostic marker and drug delivery system, to provide a new perspective and potential therapeutic drugs on targeting exosomes and macrophages in the treatment of tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xintong Zhou
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China
| | - Qi Liu
- College of First Clinical Medicine, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China
| | - Xiaomin Wang
- Department of Special Medicine, School of Basic Medicine, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Xiaoyu Yao
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China
| | - Baogang Zhang
- Department of Pathology, Weifang Medical University, Weifang, Shandong, China
| | - Jibiao Wu
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China
| | - Changgang Sun
- Department of Oncology, Weifang Traditional Chinese Hospital, Weifang, China; College of Chinese Medicine, Weifang Medical University, Weifang, China.
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