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Janssen TI, Voelcker-Rehage C. Leisure-time physical activity, occupational physical activity and the physical activity paradox in healthcare workers: A systematic overview of the literature. Int J Nurs Stud 2023; 141:104470. [PMID: 36966711 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijnurstu.2023.104470] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2022] [Revised: 02/09/2023] [Accepted: 02/13/2023] [Indexed: 02/21/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Physical activity positively influences cardiovascular health. Results from male-dominated physically active occupations suggest that a high level of occupational physical activity may be detrimental to cardiovascular health. This observation is referred to as the physical activity paradox. Whether this phenomenon can also be observed in female-dominated occupations remains unknown. OBJECTIVE We aimed to provide an overview of (1) leisure-time and occupational physical activity in healthcare workers. Therefore, we reviewed studies (2) to assess the relationship between the two physical activity domains and analyzed (3) their effects on cardiovascular health outcomes in relation to the paradox. METHODS Five databases (CINAHAL, PubMed, Scopus, Sportdiscus, Web of Science) were systematically searched. Both authors independently screened the titles, abstracts, and full texts and assessed the quality of the studies using the National Institutes of Health's quality assessment tool for observational cohort and cross-sectional studies. All studies that assessed leisure-time and occupational physical activity in healthcare workers were included. The two authors independently rated the risk of bias using the ROBINS-E tool. The body of evidence was evaluated using the GRADE approach. RESULTS The review included 17 studies that assessed the leisure-time and occupational physical activity of people working in healthcare, determined the relationship between the domains (n = 7) and/or examined their effects on the cardiovascular system (n = 5). Measurements for leisure-time and occupational physical activity varied between studies. Leisure-time physical activity typically ranged between low and high intensity, with a short duration (approx. 0.8-1.5 h). Occupational physical activity was typically performed at light to moderate intensity with a very long duration (approx. 0.5-3 h). Moreover, leisure-time and occupational physical activity were almost negatively related. The few studies investigating effects on cardiovascular parameters revealed a rather unfavorable effect of occupational physical activity, while leisure-time physical activity was beneficial. The study quality was rated as fair and the risk of bias was moderate to high. The body of evidence was low. CONCLUSIONS This review confirmed that leisure-time and occupational physical activity of healthcare workers are opposed in their duration and intensity. Moreover, leisure-time and occupational physical activity seem to be negatively related and should be analyzed according to their relation to each other in specific occupations. Furthermore, results support the relationship between the paradox and cardiovascular parameters. REGISTRATION Preregistered on PROSPERO (CRD42021254572). Date of registration on PROSPERO: 19 May 2021. TWEETABLE ABSTRACT Does occupational physical activity adversely affect the cardiovascular health of healthcare workers in comparison to leisure-time physical activity?
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Affiliation(s)
- Tanja I Janssen
- Neuromotor Behavior and Exercise, Department of Sport and Exercise Sciences, University of Münster, Wilhelm-Schickard-Straße 8, 48149 Münster, Germany.
| | - Claudia Voelcker-Rehage
- Neuromotor Behavior and Exercise, Department of Sport and Exercise Sciences, University of Münster, Wilhelm-Schickard-Straße 8, 48149 Münster, Germany.
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2
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Watanabe K, Imamura K, Eguchi H, Hidaka Y, Komase Y, Sakuraya A, Inoue A, Kobayashi Y, Sasaki N, Tsuno K, Ando E, Arima H, Asaoka H, Hino A, Iida M, Iwanaga M, Inoue R, Otsuka Y, Shimazu A, Kawakami N, Tsutsumi A. Usage of the Brief Job Stress Questionnaire: A Systematic Review of a Comprehensive Job Stress Questionnaire in Japan from 2003 to 2021. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2023; 20:1814. [PMID: 36767182 PMCID: PMC9914747 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph20031814] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2022] [Revised: 01/13/2023] [Accepted: 01/16/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
The Brief Job Stress Questionnaire (BJSQ) is used widely in occupational health studies and practice. Summarizing scientific production based on measurement is crucial. This study aimed to systematically review observational studies that used the BJSQ and the New BJSQ to show their usability. A systematic search was conducted for studies investigating relationships between the BJSQ or the New BJSQ subscales and other validated measurements on 13 September 2021, in various literature databases. The BJSQ subscales, scoring methods, and other validated measurements in the studies were qualitatively summarized. In total, 145 published reports between 2003 and 2021 were included. Among the BJSQ subscales, job stressors (n = 95) such as quantitative job overload (n = 65) and job control (n = 64) were most often used. The subscales were utilized to investigate the relationships with several other measurements. Five reports used subscales from the New BJSQ. In the last two decades, the BJSQ and the New BJSQ help measure psychosocial factors (PF) at work and contribute to the publication of scientific papers in the occupational health field. This study would encourage the utilization of the questionnaires for future research and practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kazuhiro Watanabe
- Department of Public Health, Kitasato University School of Medicine, 1-15-1 Kitazato, Minami-ku, Sagamihara 252-0374, Japan
| | - Kotaro Imamura
- Department of Digital Mental Health, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan
| | - Hisashi Eguchi
- Department of Mental Health, Institute of Industrial Ecological Sciences, University of Occupational and Environmental Health, 1-1 Iseigaoka, Yahatanishi-ku, Kitakyushu 807-8555, Japan
| | - Yui Hidaka
- Department of Mental Health, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan
| | - Yu Komase
- Department of Mental Health, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan
| | - Asuka Sakuraya
- Department of Digital Mental Health, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan
| | - Akiomi Inoue
- Institutional Research Center, University of Occupational and Environmental Health, 1-1 Iseigaoka, Yahatanishi-ku, Kitakyushu 807-8555, Japan
| | - Yuka Kobayashi
- Faculty of Social Policy & Administration, Hosei University, 4342 Aiharamachi, Machida, Tokyo 194-0298, Japan
| | - Natsu Sasaki
- Department of Mental Health, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan
| | - Kanami Tsuno
- School of Health Innovation, Kanagawa University of Human Services, 3-25-10 Tonomachi, Kawasaki-ku, Kawasaki 210-0821, Japan
| | - Emiko Ando
- Institute for Cancer Control, National Cancer Center, 5-1-1 Tsukiji, Chuo-ku, Tokyo 104-0045, Japan
| | - Hideaki Arima
- Department of Mental Health, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan
| | - Hiroki Asaoka
- Department of Psychiatric Nursing, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan
| | - Ayako Hino
- Department of Mental Health, Institute of Industrial Ecological Sciences, University of Occupational and Environmental Health, 1-1 Iseigaoka, Yahatanishi-ku, Kitakyushu 807-8555, Japan
| | - Mako Iida
- Department of Psychiatric Nursing, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan
| | - Mai Iwanaga
- Department of Community Mental Health & Law, National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry, National Institute of Mental Health, 4-1-1 Ogawahigashi, Kodaira, Tokyo 187-0031, Japan
| | - Reiko Inoue
- Department of Public Health, Kitasato University School of Medicine, 1-15-1 Kitazato, Minami-ku, Sagamihara 252-0374, Japan
| | - Yasumasa Otsuka
- Faculty of Human Sciences, University of Tsukuba, 3-29-1 Otsuka, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 112-0012, Japan
| | - Akihito Shimazu
- Faculty of Policy Management, Keio University, 5322 Endo, Fujisawa 252-0882, Japan
| | - Norito Kawakami
- Department of Digital Mental Health, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan
| | - Akizumi Tsutsumi
- Department of Public Health, Kitasato University School of Medicine, 1-15-1 Kitazato, Minami-ku, Sagamihara 252-0374, Japan
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3
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Omichi C, Kaminishi Y, Kadotani H, Sumi Y, Ubara A, Nishikawa K, Matsuda A, Ozeki Y. Limited social support is associated with depression, anxiety, and insomnia in a Japanese working population. Front Public Health 2022; 10:981592. [PMID: 36483246 PMCID: PMC9724020 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2022.981592] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2022] [Accepted: 10/31/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Lack of social support is associated with depression, anxiety, and insomnia. This study aimed to determine the source of support related to depression, anxiety, and insomnia among Japanese workers. Methods As part of a cohort study, we conducted a questionnaire survey among city government employees in Koka City, Shiga Prefecture, Japan, from September 2021 to March 2022. We used the Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9), Generalized Anxiety Disorder-7 (GAD-7), and Insomnia Severity Index (ISI) to assess depressive symptoms, anxiety symptoms, and insomnia, respectively. We used the Brief Job Stress Questionnaire (BJSQ) to assess job stressors and social support (from supervisors, colleagues, and family). Results A total of 1,852 Japanese employees (38.4% male, 45.9 ± 12.9 years) participated in the survey, with 15.5, 10.8, and 8.2% of the participants having depressive symptoms (PHQ-9 ≥ 10), anxiety symptoms (GAD-7 ≥ 10), and insomnia (ISI ≥ 15), respectively. The logistic regression analysis suggested that job stressors were associated with depressive symptoms (p < 0.001), anxiety symptoms (p < 0.001), and insomnia (p = 0.009). In contrast, support from co-workers (p = 0.016) and family members (p = 0.001) was associated with decreased depressive symptoms. Support from family members was associated with decreased insomnia (p = 0.005). Conclusion Social support from co-workers and family may be associated with reduced depressive symptoms, and family support may be associated with reduced insomnia in the Japanese working population. Clinical trial registration https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT03276585.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chie Omichi
- Department of Psychiatry, Shiga University of Medical Science, Otsu, Japan,Department of Hygiene and Public Health, Osaka Medical and Pharmaceutical University, Takatsuki, Japan
| | - Yuki Kaminishi
- Department of Psychiatry, Shiga University of Medical Science, Otsu, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Kadotani
- Department of Psychiatry, Shiga University of Medical Science, Otsu, Japan,*Correspondence: Hiroshi Kadotani
| | - Yukiyoshi Sumi
- Department of Psychiatry, Shiga University of Medical Science, Otsu, Japan
| | - Ayaka Ubara
- Department of Psychiatry, Shiga University of Medical Science, Otsu, Japan,International Institute for Integrative Sleep Medicine (WPI-IIIS), University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Japan
| | - Kohei Nishikawa
- Department of Psychiatry, Shiga University of Medical Science, Otsu, Japan,Japan CBT Center, Hikone, Japan
| | - Arichika Matsuda
- Department of Psychiatry, Shiga University of Medical Science, Otsu, Japan
| | - Yuji Ozeki
- Department of Psychiatry, Shiga University of Medical Science, Otsu, Japan
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4
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Akazawa N, Tanahashi K, Kosaki K, Oikawa S, Kumagai H, Maeda S. Effects of aerobic exercise training on mental health and arterial stiffness in middle-aged and older adults. J Sports Med Phys Fitness 2021; 61:1387-1392. [PMID: 34652087 DOI: 10.23736/s0022-4707.20.11751-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Aging is associated with deterioration of arterial function and mental health, which are known as cardiovascular risk factors. The present study investigated the effect of aerobic exercise training on mental health and arterial stiffness in middle-aged and older adults. METHODS Twenty-nine healthy middle-aged and older adults were assigned to either the aerobic exercise training (N.=14) or the control groups (N.=15). The aerobic exercise training group completed 12 weeks of moderate aerobic exercise training for 3-4 session per week (30-60 minutes). The control group did not change their levels of physical activity. Before and after the 12-week period, the General Health Questionnaire (GHQ) and carotid β-stiffness index, peak oxygen uptake were measured. RESULTS At the onset of the 12-week period, the GHQ score, Carotid Β-Stiffness Index, and other key variables did not differ significantly between the aerobic exercise and control groups. The 12-week of aerobic exercise training increased peak oxygen uptake. The GHQ score and Carotid Β-Stiffness Index were decreased after the 12-week period in the aerobic exercise training group; however, no significant improvements were observed in the control group. CONCLUSIONS We conclude that 12 weeks of aerobic exercise enhance mental health and decrease arterial stiffness in healthy middle-aged and older adults.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nobuhiko Akazawa
- Faculty of Health and Sport Sciences, University of Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan.,Department of Sports Research, Japan Institute of Sports Sciences, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Koichiro Tanahashi
- Faculty of Health and Sport Sciences, University of Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan.,Department of Health and Sports Sciences, Kyoto Pharmaceutical University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Keisei Kosaki
- Faculty of Health and Sport Sciences, University of Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - Satoshi Oikawa
- Faculty of Health and Sport Sciences, University of Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Kumagai
- Faculty of Health and Sport Sciences, University of Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan.,Graduate School of Health and Sports Science, Juntendo University, Chiba, Japan.,Japan Society for the Promotion of Sciences, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Seiji Maeda
- Faculty of Health and Sport Sciences, University of Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan - .,Faculty of Sport Sciences, Waseda University, Tokorozawa, Japan
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5
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Saijo Y, Yoshioka E, Hanley SJB, Kitaoka K, Yoshida T. Job Stress Factors Affect Workplace Resignation and Burnout among Japanese Rural Physicians. TOHOKU J EXP MED 2018; 245:167-177. [PMID: 29998918 DOI: 10.1620/tjem.245.167] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Shortage of healthcare workers is a global problem. It is important to clarify factors, including job stress, that influence workplace resignation and factors that cause burnout among rural physicians. The study was designed as a cross-sectional questionnaire survey. We sent questionnaires to town or village hospitals and clinics (n = 1,898) in Hokkaido, Tohoku, Shikoku, and Kyushu and Okinawa. The number of participants was 509. Of these 7.7% were female and 21.6% were < 50 years. Internal or general medicine physicians were asked about personal and job factors, job stress based on the demand-control-support model, intention to resign from current position, and burnout evaluated using the Maslach Burnout Inventory-General Survey. Overall, 10.4% of the participants intended to resign, and 21.8% was defined as burnout positive. In the multivariate logistic regression analysis, dissatisfaction with income (OR, 3.63; 95% CI, 1.63-8.10), having one's hometown in another town or village in the same prefecture (OR, 3.53; 95% CI, 1.18-10.62) were significantly related to intention to resign, while high job control (OR, 0.72; 95% CI, 0.58-0.88) had a significantly protective effect. In the multivariate analysis, high job demand (OR, 1.48; 95% CI, 1.28-1.72) was significantly related to burnout, and high job control (OR, 0.66; 95% CI, 0.55-0.78) and high support from co-workers (OR 0.88, 95% CI, 0.78-1.00) had a significantly protective effect. Improving job stress factors, especially job control, and taking into consideration physicians' hometown and income may be important factors to prevent resignation from a current position and burnout among Japanese rural physicians.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yasuaki Saijo
- Department of Social Medicine, Asahikawa Medical University
| | - Eiji Yoshioka
- Department of Social Medicine, Asahikawa Medical University
| | - Sharon J B Hanley
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Hokkaido University Graduate School of Medicine
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6
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Associations between Job Strain and Arterial Stiffness: A Large Survey among Enterprise Employees from Thailand. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2018; 15:ijerph15040659. [PMID: 29614802 PMCID: PMC5923701 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph15040659] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2018] [Revised: 03/25/2018] [Accepted: 03/27/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
As an intermediate endpoint to cardiovascular disease, arterial stiffness has received much attention recently. So far, the research on work stress and arterial stiffness is still sparse and inconsistent, and no investigations on work stress and cardiovascular health among the Thai working population have been reported. Therefore, we conducted an epidemiological study among 2141 Thai enterprise employees (858 men and 1283 women) who were free from any diagnosed cardiovascular disease. Work stress was measured using Karasek’s Job Demand–Control model for job strain (a combination of high demand and low control). Arterial stiffness was evaluated by a non-invasive approach using pulse-wave analysis based on a finger photoplethysmogram. Multivariable linear regression was applied to examine associations between job strain and arterial stiffness. In men, job strain was significantly associated with arterial stiffness (β = 0.078, 95% confidence interval = 0.026 to 0.130), after accounting for sociodemographic, behavioral, dietary and biomedical factors. However, the association in women was not significant. As the first study in Thailand on work stress and cardiovascular risk, we found that job strain might be an important risk factor for cardiovascular disease among Thai working men. Further studies with longitudinal design are warranted.
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Okita S, Daitoku S, Abe M, Arimura E, Setoyama H, Koriyama C, Ushikai M, Kawaguchi H, Horiuchi M. Potential predictors of susceptibility to occupational stress in Japanese novice nurses - a pilot study. Environ Health Prev Med 2017; 22:20. [PMID: 29165135 PMCID: PMC5664583 DOI: 10.1186/s12199-017-0641-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2016] [Accepted: 01/30/2017] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Occupational stress is a known factor behind employee resignations; thus, early identification of individuals prone to such stress is important. Accordingly, in this pilot study we evaluated potential predictors of susceptibility to occupational stress in Japanese novice nurses. Methods Forty-two female novice nurses at Kagoshima University Hospital were recruited for the study population. Each underwent physical health and urinary examinations, and completed a lifestyle questionnaire at the time of job entry. Each also completed a Brief Job Stress Questionnaire (BJSQ), related to mental health status, at job entry and 5 months post-entry. Psychological stress, somatic symptoms, and combined BJSQ scores were determined for each time point. Results All three stress condition scores had significantly decreased at 5 months post-entry, suggesting occupational stress. Systolic blood pressure (r = −0.324, p < 0.05) and urinary sodium (r = −0.313, p < 0.05) were significantly negatively correlated with combined BJSQ score at 5 months post-entry. Post-entry stress condition scores were significantly low in subjects reporting substantial 1-year body weight change (≤ ± 3 kg) and short times between dinner and bedtimes (≤2 h), though baseline stress condition scores were not. Urinary sodium concentration, 1-year body weight change, and pre-sleep evening meals were then targeted for multivariate analysis, and confirmed as independent explanatory variables for post-entry stress condition scores. Conclusions One-year body weight change, times between dinner and bedtimes, and urinary sodium concentration are promising potential predictors of susceptibility to occupational stress, and should be further investigated in future research. Trial registration ISRCTN ISRCTN17516023. Retrospectively registered 7 December 2016.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shinobu Okita
- Department of Hygiene and Health Promotion Medicine, Kagoshima University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Kagoshima, 890-8544, Japan
| | - Satoshi Daitoku
- Department of Hygiene and Health Promotion Medicine, Kagoshima University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Kagoshima, 890-8544, Japan
| | - Masaharu Abe
- Department of Hygiene and Health Promotion Medicine, Kagoshima University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Kagoshima, 890-8544, Japan
| | - Emi Arimura
- Department of Hygiene and Health Promotion Medicine, Kagoshima University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Kagoshima, 890-8544, Japan.,Department of Life and Environmental Science, Kagoshima Prefectural College, Kagoshima, Japan
| | - Hitoshi Setoyama
- Center for Education of Medical Residents, Kagoshima University Hospital, Kagoshima, Japan
| | - Chihaya Koriyama
- Department of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, Kagoshima University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Kagoshima, Japan
| | - Miharu Ushikai
- Department of Hygiene and Health Promotion Medicine, Kagoshima University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Kagoshima, 890-8544, Japan
| | - Hiroaki Kawaguchi
- Department of Hygiene and Health Promotion Medicine, Kagoshima University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Kagoshima, 890-8544, Japan
| | - Masahisa Horiuchi
- Department of Hygiene and Health Promotion Medicine, Kagoshima University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Kagoshima, 890-8544, Japan.
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8
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Saijo Y, Yoshioka E, Nakagi Y, Kawanishi Y, Hanley SJB, Yoshida T. Social support and its interrelationships with demand-control model factors on presenteeism and absenteeism in Japanese civil servants. Int Arch Occup Environ Health 2017; 90:539-553. [PMID: 28357607 DOI: 10.1007/s00420-017-1218-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2016] [Accepted: 03/20/2017] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To elucidate the impact of social support and its interrelations with other demand-control-support (DCS) model factors on presenteeism and absenteeism, and to determine which DCS factors were most influential. METHODS Questionnaires from 2535 local government employees were analyzed. The Brief Job Stress Questionnaire (BJSQ) was used to assess DCS factors including job demand, job control, and social support from supervisors and coworkers. The Stanford Presenteeism Scale 13-item version (SPS-13) was used to evaluate both absenteeism (absent days) and presenteeism. For the latter, the Work Impairment Score (WIS) and the Work Output Score (WOS) were also used. Possible confounder-adjusted logistic and negative binomial regression analyses were performed to obtain odds ratios (ORs) for WIS and WOS and relative risks (RRs) for absenteeism according to DCS factors. RESULTS Higher job control had a significantly protective effect on higher WIS in both males and females and a lower WOS in males. Based on a point estimate of an OR per 1 standard deviation change of each DCS factor, job control had the strongest effect on higher WIS in both males and females and a lower WOS in males. Higher job demand resulted in significantly higher ORs for both male and female WIS, and a lower WOS in females. Support from supervisors had a significantly protective effect on higher WIS in females and a lower WOS in males. Support from coworkers had a significantly protective effect on higher WIS in males. Higher support from coworkers had a significantly protective effect on absenteeism among both males and females, and higher job control had a significantly protective effect in females. The combination of high job strain and low support from supervisors had a significantly worsening effect, except for absenteeism in females. High job strain and low support from coworkers had a significantly worsening effect except for WOS in males. CONCLUSIONS The results suggest job control was the DCS factor most related to presenteeism. Higher support from supervisors and coworkers had a protective effect on presenteeism, and higher job demand had a worsening effect. Higher support from coworkers had a protective effect on absenteeism among both males and females. Interventions should focus on improving job control as a possible countermeasure to presenteeism, and encouraging support from coworkers as a possible countermeasure to absenteeism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yasuaki Saijo
- Department of Health Science, Asahikawa Medical University, Midorigaoka-higashi 2-1-1-1, Asahikawa, Hokkaido, 078-8510, Japan.
| | - Eiji Yoshioka
- Department of Health Science, Asahikawa Medical University, Midorigaoka-higashi 2-1-1-1, Asahikawa, Hokkaido, 078-8510, Japan
| | - Yoshihiko Nakagi
- Department of Health Science, Asahikawa Medical University, Midorigaoka-higashi 2-1-1-1, Asahikawa, Hokkaido, 078-8510, Japan
| | - Yasuyuki Kawanishi
- Department of Health Science, Asahikawa Medical University, Midorigaoka-higashi 2-1-1-1, Asahikawa, Hokkaido, 078-8510, Japan
| | - Sharon J B Hanley
- Department of Women's Health Medicine, Hokkaido University Graduate School of Medicine, Sapporo, Hokkaido, Japan
| | - Takahiko Yoshida
- Department of Health Science, Asahikawa Medical University, Midorigaoka-higashi 2-1-1-1, Asahikawa, Hokkaido, 078-8510, Japan
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9
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SAIJO Y, YOSHIOKA E, KAWANISHI Y, NAKAGI Y, ITOH T, YOSHIDA T. Relationships of job demand, job control, and social support on intention to leave and depressive symptoms in Japanese nurses. INDUSTRIAL HEALTH 2015; 54:32-41. [PMID: 26320733 PMCID: PMC4791291 DOI: 10.2486/indhealth.2015-0083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2015] [Accepted: 08/04/2015] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
This study aims to elucidate the relationships among the factors of the demand-control-support model (DCS) on the intention to leave a hospital job and depressive symptoms. Participants included 1,063 nurses. Job demand, job control, and support from supervisors were found to be significantly related to both the intention to leave and depressive symptoms. Based on the odds ratios per 1 SD change in the DCS factors, low support from supervisors was found to be most related to the intention to leave, and low job control was found to be most related to depressive symptoms. In models that did not include "job demand" as an independent variable, 60-h working weeks were found to have a significantly higher odds ratio for depressive symptoms. Support from supervisors is more important in preventing intention to leave and depressive symptoms among nurses than is support from co-workers. Improving job control and avoiding long working hours may be important to prevent depressive symptoms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yasuaki SAIJO
- Department of Health Science, Asahikawa Medical University,
Japan
| | - Eiji YOSHIOKA
- Department of Health Science, Asahikawa Medical University,
Japan
| | | | - Yoshihiko NAKAGI
- Department of Health Science, Asahikawa Medical University,
Japan
| | - Toshihiro ITOH
- Department of Health Science, Asahikawa Medical University,
Japan
| | - Takahiko YOSHIDA
- Department of Health Science, Asahikawa Medical University,
Japan
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10
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Augmentation index as an indicator of central arterial stiffness and indicators of carotid atherosclerosis by ultrasonography in relation to life stress. J Psychosom Res 2015; 79:171. [PMID: 26038086 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpsychores.2015.04.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2015] [Accepted: 04/25/2015] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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11
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Associations of workplace bullying and harassment with pain. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2013; 10:4560-70. [PMID: 24071921 PMCID: PMC3823333 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph10104560] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2013] [Revised: 08/27/2013] [Accepted: 09/09/2013] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to investigate associations of workplace bullying and harassment with headache, stiffness of the neck or shoulders, lumbago, and pain of two or more joints. The subjects in this cross-sectional study were recruited from workers (n = 1,913) at 35 healthcare or welfare facilities in Japan. Because of non-participation or missing data, the number of subjects included in the analysis varied (response rate ≥ 77.1%). Workplace bullying and harassment were assessed using the Negative Acts Questionnaire. Depression was assessed using the Brief Job Stress Questionnaire. The frequency of pain experienced by workers in the previous month was evaluated using a four-point scale. Many of the associations of person-related bullying, work-related bullying, and sexual harassment with headache, stiffness of the neck or shoulders, lumbago, and pain of two or more joints were positive and significant (p < 0.05). Even after adjustment for depression, some of the associations remained significant (p < 0.05). For example, changes in the prevalence ratio for headache associated with a 1-point increase in the work-related bullying score were 1.05 (95% confidence interval (CI) 1.01 to 1.09) in men and 1.03 (95% CI 1.01 to 1.05) in women after adjustment for age, marital status, employment status, work shift, and depression.
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Saijo Y, Chiba S, Yoshioka E, Kawanishi Y, Nakagi Y, Ito T, Sugioka Y, Kitaoka-Higashiguchi K, Yoshida T. Job stress and burnout among urban and rural hospital physicians in Japan. Aust J Rural Health 2013; 21:225-31. [DOI: 10.1111/ajr.12040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 02/28/2013] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Yasuaki Saijo
- Department of Health Science; Asahikawa Medical University; Asahikawa; Japan
| | - Shigeru Chiba
- Department of Psychiatry and Neurology; Asahikawa Medical University; Asahikawa; Japan
| | - Eiji Yoshioka
- Department of Health Science; Asahikawa Medical University; Asahikawa; Japan
| | - Yasuyuki Kawanishi
- Department of Health Science; Asahikawa Medical University; Asahikawa; Japan
| | - Yoshihiko Nakagi
- Department of Health Science; Asahikawa Medical University; Asahikawa; Japan
| | - Toshihiro Ito
- Department of Health Science; Asahikawa Medical University; Asahikawa; Japan
| | - Yoshihiko Sugioka
- Department of Health Science; Asahikawa Medical University; Asahikawa; Japan
| | | | - Takahiko Yoshida
- Department of Health Science; Asahikawa Medical University; Asahikawa; Japan
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Relationship between components of the metabolic syndrome and job strain using a brief job stress questionnaire (BJSQ). Int Arch Occup Environ Health 2013; 86:725-6. [PMID: 23584233 DOI: 10.1007/s00420-013-0870-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2012] [Accepted: 03/19/2013] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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Rosenthal T, Alter A. Occupational stress and hypertension. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2011; 6:2-22. [PMID: 22024667 DOI: 10.1016/j.jash.2011.09.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 83] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2011] [Revised: 08/30/2011] [Accepted: 09/06/2011] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
Occupational stress, or job strain, resulting from a lack of balance between job demands and job control, is considered one of the frequent factors in the etiology of hypertension in modern society. Stress, with its multifactorial causes, is complex and difficult to analyze at the physiological and psychosocial levels. The possible relation between job strain and blood pressure levels has been extensively studied, but the literature is replete with conflicting results regarding the relationship between the two. Further analysis of this relationship, including the many facets of job strain, may lead to operative proposals at the individual and public health levels designed to reduce the effects on health and well-being. In this article, we review the literature on the subject, discussing the various methodologies, confounding variables, and suggested approaches for a healthier work environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Talma Rosenthal
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Hypertension Research Unit, Sackler School of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Israel.
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