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Lehto E, Uusitalo L, Saari T, Rahkonen O, Erkkola M, Nevalainen J. Association between work-related factors and health behaviour clusters among Finnish private-sector service workers. Int Arch Occup Environ Health 2024; 97:641-650. [PMID: 38713282 PMCID: PMC11245410 DOI: 10.1007/s00420-024-02069-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2024] [Accepted: 04/25/2024] [Indexed: 05/08/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE We examined how work-related factors associate with several health behaviours that appear together among the large, but less-studied, blue- and pink-collar worker group, which is characterized by low education and income levels. METHODS In 2019, we conducted a cross-sectional survey among private sector service workers (n = 5256) in Finland. We applied two-step cluster analysis to identify groups on the basis of leisure-time physical activity, sleep adequacy, frequency of heavy drinking, smoking status, and frequency of fruit, vegetable and berry consumption. We examined the associations with work-related factors, using multinomial regression analyses and adjusting for confounding factors. RESULTS We identified six clusters labelled as Moderately Healthy (28% of the participants), Healthy - Vigorous Exercise (19%), Sedentary Lifestyle (16%), Inadequate Sleep (15%), Mixed Health Behaviours (15%), and Multiple Risk Behaviours (8%). Those who perceived their work to be mentally or physically strenuous more commonly belonged to the Inadequate Sleep and Multiple Risk Behaviours clusters. Time pressure made belonging to the Inadequate Sleep, Mixed Health Behaviours, and Multiple Risk Behaviours clusters more likely. Those who were dissatisfied with their work more often belonged to the Healthy - Vigorous Exercise, Inadequate Sleep, and Multiple Risk Behaviours clusters. CONCLUSION In addition of finding several considerably differing health behaviour clusters, we also found that adverse working conditions were associated with clusters characterized by multiple risk behaviours, especially inadequate sleep. Private-sector service workers' working conditions should be improved so that they support sufficient recovery, and occupational health services should better identify co-occurring multiple risk behaviours.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elviira Lehto
- Department of Food and Nutrition, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland.
| | - Liisa Uusitalo
- Department of Food and Nutrition, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Tiina Saari
- Faculty of Social Sciences, Work Research Centre, Tampere University, Tampere, Finland
| | - Ossi Rahkonen
- Department of Public Health, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Maijaliisa Erkkola
- Department of Food and Nutrition, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Jaakko Nevalainen
- Faculty of Social Sciences, Health Sciences, Tampere University, Tampere, Finland
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Troeschel AN, Teras LR, Hodge JM, Rodriguez J, Wang Y, Daniel J, Diver WR, Winquist A. A case-cohort study of per- and polyfluoroalkyl substance concentrations and incident prostate cancer in the cancer prevention Study-II LifeLink cohort study. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2024; 259:119560. [PMID: 38971361 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2024.119560] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2024] [Revised: 07/02/2024] [Accepted: 07/03/2024] [Indexed: 07/08/2024]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) are environmentally persistent, potentially carcinogenic chemicals. Previous studies investigating PFAS exposure and prostate cancer yielded mixed findings. We aimed to investigate associations between PFAS exposure and incident prostate cancer in a large cohort of U.S. men, overall and by selected demographic, lifestyle, and medical-related characteristics. METHODS We conducted a case-cohort study among Cancer Prevention Study-II LifeLink Cohort participants who, at baseline (1998-2001), had serum specimens collected and no prior cancer diagnosis. The study included all men diagnosed with prostate cancer (n = 1610) during follow-up (baseline-June 30, 2015) and a random sub-cohort of 500 men. PFAS concentrations [perfluorohexane sulfonic acid (PFHxS), perfluorooctane sulfonate (PFOS), perfluorononanoic acid (PFNA), and perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA)] were measured in stored serum specimens. We used multivariable Cox proportional hazards models to estimate associations between PFAS concentrations and prostate cancer, overall and by selected characteristics (grade, stage, family history, age, education, smoking status, and alcohol consumption). RESULTS Prostate cancer hazards were slightly higher among men with concentrations in the highest (Q4) vs lowest quartile (Q1) for PFHxS [hazard ratio (HR) (95% CI): 1.18 (0.88-1.59)] and PFOS [HR (95% CI): 1.18 (0.89-1.58)], but not for PFNA or PFOA. However, we observed heterogeneous associations by age, family history of prostate cancer (PFHxS), alcohol consumption (PFHxS), and education (PFNA). For example, no meaningful associations were observed among men aged <70 years at serum collection, but among men aged ≥70 years, HRs (95% CIs) comparing Q4 to Q1 were PFHxS 1.54 (1.02-2.31) and PFOS 1.62 (1.08-2.44). No meaningful heterogeneity in associations were observed by tumor grade or stage. CONCLUSIONS Our findings do not clearly support an association between the PFAS considered and prostate cancer. However, positive associations observed in some subgroups, and consistently positive associations observed for PFHxS warrant further investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alyssa N Troeschel
- Division of Environmental Health Science and Practice, National Center for Environmental Health, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA, United States.
| | - Lauren R Teras
- Department of Population Science, American Cancer Society, Atlanta, GA, United States
| | - James M Hodge
- Department of Population Science, American Cancer Society, Atlanta, GA, United States
| | - Juan Rodriguez
- Division of Cancer Prevention and Control, National Center for Chronic Disease Prevention and Health Promotion, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA, United States
| | - Ying Wang
- Department of Population Science, American Cancer Society, Atlanta, GA, United States
| | - Johnni Daniel
- Division of Environmental Health Science and Practice, National Center for Environmental Health, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA, United States
| | - W Ryan Diver
- Department of Population Science, American Cancer Society, Atlanta, GA, United States
| | - Andrea Winquist
- Division of Environmental Health Science and Practice, National Center for Environmental Health, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA, United States
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Yari‐Boroujeni R, Cheraghi L, Masihay‐Akbar H, Azizi F, Amiri P. Cardiometabolic Profile in Young Adults With Diverse Cigarette Smoking Histories: A Longitudinal Study From Adolescence. J Am Heart Assoc 2024; 13:e032603. [PMID: 38842270 PMCID: PMC11255697 DOI: 10.1161/jaha.123.032603] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2023] [Accepted: 04/15/2024] [Indexed: 06/07/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND For the first time, the present study investigated smoking trajectory and cardiometabolic profile from adolescence to young adulthood in a middle-income developing country facing a high prevalence of smoking and cardiovascular disease-related outcomes. METHODS AND RESULTS Data on 1082 adolescents (12-18 years of age) who participated in the TLGS (Tehran Lipid and Glucose Study) were gathered, and participants were followed for a median of 12.5 years (baseline: 1999-2002, last follow-up: 2014-2017). Participants were categorized as non/rare smokers, experimenters, and escalators using group-based trajectory models. Statistical analysis was used to compare the trajectory groups' cardiometabolic components, clinical characteristics, and cardiometabolic changes due to the individuals' placement in experimenter and escalator groups compared with non/rare smokers. The smoking trajectory groups in young adulthood differ significantly in blood pressure, triglycerides, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, waist circumference, and body mass index, with the escalator group having the highest risk values for each component. Significant differences were observed in blood pressure (P=0.014), triglycerides (P<0.001), and waist circumference (P<0.001) status after using clinical cut points. The adjusted linear regression revealed that the escalator group had 3.16 mm Hg-lower systolic blood pressure SBP (P=0.016), 2.69 mm Hg-lower diastolic blood pressure (P=0.011), and 4.42 mg/dL-lower high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (P=0.002), compared with the non/rare smoker group. CONCLUSIONS Despite elevated risks in unadjusted analyses for all cardiometabolic components among smokers, our study identified a modest protective link between early smoking and blood pressure in addition to a remarkable harmful association with high-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels exclusively in the escalator group during the developmental stage to young adulthood, using adjusted analyses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Reza Yari‐Boroujeni
- Research Center for Social Determinants of Health, Research Institute for Endocrine SciencesShahid Beheshti University of Medical SciencesTehranIran
| | - Leila Cheraghi
- Research Center for Social Determinants of Health, Research Institute for Endocrine SciencesShahid Beheshti University of Medical SciencesTehranIran
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatics, Research Institute for Endocrine SciencesShahid Beheshti University of Medical SciencesTehranIran
| | - Hasti Masihay‐Akbar
- Research Center for Social Determinants of Health, Research Institute for Endocrine SciencesShahid Beheshti University of Medical SciencesTehranIran
| | - Fereidoun Azizi
- Endocrine Research Center, Research Institute for Endocrine SciencesShahid Beheshti University of Medical SciencesTehranIran
| | - Parisa Amiri
- Research Center for Social Determinants of Health, Research Institute for Endocrine SciencesShahid Beheshti University of Medical SciencesTehranIran
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Wilson OWA, Bullen C, Duffey M, Bopp M. The association between vaping and health behaviors among undergraduate college students in the United States. JOURNAL OF AMERICAN COLLEGE HEALTH : J OF ACH 2024; 72:1360-1364. [PMID: 35623030 DOI: 10.1080/07448481.2022.2076097] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2021] [Revised: 04/13/2022] [Accepted: 05/06/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Objective: To examine the association between vaping and health behaviors (physical activity, fruit and vegetable consumption, sleep, cigarette use, alcohol consumption) and mental health among college students. Methods: Socio-demographic characteristics, vaping, health behaviors, perceived stress, and depressive symptoms of undergraduates enrolled at a large university located in the Northeast of the United States were assessed via an online survey. Results: Of all participants (n = 1775), less than a fifth (n = 314, 17.7%) reported any vaping in the past month. More men reported vaping than women (23.2% vs. 14.5%). Those who vaped reported fewer nights of restful sleep and greater alcohol consumption. Those who smoked and binge drank were more likely to report vaping. Perceived stress was greater among women who vaped, and depressive symptoms were greater among those who vaped regardless of gender. Conclusions: Vaping was associated with smoking, alcohol consumption, and poorer mental health among young adults.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oliver W A Wilson
- Department of Kinesiology, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania, USA
- National Institute for Health Innovation, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
- Faculty of Health, Victoria University of Wellington, Wellington, New Zealand
| | - Chris Bullen
- National Institute for Health Innovation, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Michele Duffey
- Department of Kinesiology, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Melissa Bopp
- Department of Kinesiology, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania, USA
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Noh S, Choo J. Gender-Specific Clustering of Lifestyle Behaviors and Its Impacts on Cardiovascular Health. J Cardiovasc Nurs 2024; 39:E115-E125. [PMID: 37249529 DOI: 10.1097/jcn.0000000000001006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Unhealthy lifestyle behaviors associated with cardiovascular risk manifest a clustering pattern. OBJECTIVE Our aim was to identify behavioral clusters by using 5 unhealthy lifestyle behaviors among the Korean population and examine the impacts of identified behavioral clusters on cardiovascular health (CVH). METHODS A cross-sectional study was conducted using data from the sixth Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. The participants were 7898, aged 19 to 64 years. The cluster analysis was performed using the behaviors of current smoking, binge drinking, physical inactivity, insufficient fruit intake, and sugar-sweetened beverage drinking. Cardiovascular health was defined as a composite modified z score calculated using biophysical factors. RESULTS Men manifested 4 clusters (ie, risky binge drinkers, dominant smokers, dominant sugar-sweetened beverage drinkers, and nonsubstance/low-fruit eaters) characterized predominantly by substance use; women had 4 clusters (ie, substance users, physically inactive/low-fruit eaters, physically inactive/fruit eaters, and active adherers) characterized predominantly by physical inactivity. Among men, the clusters of dominant smokers and risky binge drinkers had significantly lower CVH scores than those with poor eating behaviors. Among women, the clusters of substance users and physically inactive/low-fruit eaters had significantly lower CVH scores than the active adherers. All the clusters in men had lower CVH scores than the worst cluster in women. CONCLUSIONS There was a gender difference in the clustering pattern. The clusters with smoking and binge drinking in men and women were associated with negative impacts on CVH. Healthcare professionals should pay attention to the clustering pattern to design an efficient lifestyle intervention for cardiovascular disease prevention.
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Qi Y, Meng F, Yan X, Huang H, Chen X, He F. The effects of health risk behaviors to excess mortality in the population with depression: A cohort study based on NHANES data. J Affect Disord 2024; 356:233-238. [PMID: 38608768 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2024.04.038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2023] [Revised: 03/28/2024] [Accepted: 04/09/2024] [Indexed: 04/14/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The population with depression had a considerable excess mortality risk. This increased mortality may be attributed to the biological consequences of depression or the substantial prevalence of health risk behaviors (HRBs). This study aimed to quantify the combined effects of four major HRBs - smoking, excessive alcohol use, physical inactivity, and an unhealthy diet - on excess mortality among depressed individuals. METHODS This study included 35,738 adults from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2005-06 to 2017-18, with mortality follow-up data censored through 2019. The standardized prevalence of HRBs was calculated for populations with and without depression. Poisson regression models were used to calculate the mortality rate ratio (MRR). Based on model adjusting for socio-demographic factors, the attenuation of MRR was determined after further adjustment for HRBs. RESULTS A total of 3147 participants were identified as having depression. All HRBs showed a significantly higher prevalence among the population with depression. After adjusting for socio-demographic factors, depression was associated with 1.7 and 1.8 times higher all-cause and cardiovascular disease mortality rate, respectively. Further adjustment for all current HRBs resulted in a 21.9 % reduction in all-cause mortality rate and a 15.4 % decrease in cardiovascular disease mortality rate. LIMITATION HRBs were reported at a single time point, and we are unable to demonstrate a causal effect. CONCLUSION At least 1/5 of excess mortality for population with depression was attributable to HRBs. Efforts should be made to address HRBs among population with depression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanjie Qi
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Mental Disorders, National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders, National Center for Mental Disorders, Beijing Anding Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China; Advanced Innovation Center for Human Brain Protection, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Fanchao Meng
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Mental Disorders, National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders, National Center for Mental Disorders, Beijing Anding Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China; Advanced Innovation Center for Human Brain Protection, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Xiuping Yan
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Mental Disorders, National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders, National Center for Mental Disorders, Beijing Anding Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China; Advanced Innovation Center for Human Brain Protection, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Huanhuan Huang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Mental Disorders, National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders, National Center for Mental Disorders, Beijing Anding Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China; Advanced Innovation Center for Human Brain Protection, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Xu Chen
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Mental Disorders, National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders, National Center for Mental Disorders, Beijing Anding Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China; Advanced Innovation Center for Human Brain Protection, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.
| | - Fan He
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Mental Disorders, National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders, National Center for Mental Disorders, Beijing Anding Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China; Advanced Innovation Center for Human Brain Protection, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.
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Spring B, Garcia SF, Daly E, Jacobs M, Jayeoba M, Jordan N, Kircher S, Kocherginsky M, Mazzetta R, Pollack T, Scanlan L, Scherr C, Hitsman B, Phillips SM. Scalable Telehealth Cancer Care: integrated healthy lifestyle program to live well after cancer treatment. J Natl Cancer Inst Monogr 2024; 2024:83-91. [PMID: 38924795 PMCID: PMC11207740 DOI: 10.1093/jncimonographs/lgae020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2023] [Revised: 02/13/2024] [Accepted: 04/16/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Northwestern University's Center for Scalable Telehealth Cancer Care (STELLAR) is 1 of 4 Cancer Moonshot Telehealth Research Centers of Excellence programs funded by the National Cancer Institute to establish an evidence base for telehealth in cancer care. STELLAR is grounded in the Institute of Medicine's vision that quality cancer care includes not only disease treatment but also promotion of long-term health and quality of life (QOL). Cigarette smoking, insufficient physical activity, and overweight and obesity often co-occur and are associated with poorer treatment response, heightened recurrence risk, decreased longevity, diminished QOL, and increased treatment cost for many cancers. These risk behaviors are prevalent in cancer survivors, but their treatment is not routinely integrated into oncology care. STELLAR aims to foster patients' long-term health and QOL by designing, implementing, and sustaining a novel telehealth treatment program for multiple risk behaviors to be integrated into standard cancer care. Telehealth delivery is evidence-based for health behavior change treatment and is well suited to overcome access and workflow barriers that can otherwise impede treatment receipt. This paper describes STELLAR's 2-arm randomized parallel group pragmatic clinical trial comparing telehealth-delivered, coach-facilitated multiple risk behavior treatment vs self-guided usual care for the outcomes of reach, effectiveness, and cost among 3000 cancer survivors who have completed curative intent treatment. This paper also discusses several challenges encountered by the STELLAR investigative team and the adaptations developed to move the research forward.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bonnie Spring
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, USA
- Robert H Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center, Chicago, IL 60611, USA
- Department of Psychiatry & Behavioral Sciences, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL 60611, USA
| | - Sofia F Garcia
- Robert H Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center, Chicago, IL 60611, USA
- Department of Psychiatry & Behavioral Sciences, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL 60611, USA
- Department of Medical Social Sciences, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL 60611, USA
| | - Elyse Daly
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Maia Jacobs
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, USA
- Department of Computer Science, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL 60208, USA
| | - Monisola Jayeoba
- Department of Communication Studies, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL 60208, USA
| | - Neil Jordan
- Department of Psychiatry & Behavioral Sciences, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL 60611, USA
- Department of Medical Social Sciences, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL 60611, USA
| | - Sheetal Kircher
- Robert H Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center, Chicago, IL 60611, USA
- Department of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL 60611, USA
- Hematology Oncology, Northwestern Medicine, Chicago, IL 60611, USA
| | - Masha Kocherginsky
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, USA
- Robert H Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center, Chicago, IL 60611, USA
| | - Rana Mazzetta
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Teresa Pollack
- Quality Division, Northwestern Medicine, Chicago, IL 60611, USA
| | - Laura Scanlan
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Courtney Scherr
- Robert H Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center, Chicago, IL 60611, USA
- Department of Communication Studies, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL 60208, USA
| | - Brian Hitsman
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, USA
- Robert H Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center, Chicago, IL 60611, USA
| | - Siobhan M Phillips
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, USA
- Robert H Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center, Chicago, IL 60611, USA
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Palzes VA, Chi FW, Weisner C, Kline-Simon AH, Satre DD, Sterling S. Racial and ethnic disparities in receipt of specialty treatment across risk profiles of adults with heavy alcohol use. ALCOHOL, CLINICAL & EXPERIMENTAL RESEARCH 2024. [PMID: 38898220 DOI: 10.1111/acer.15401] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2024] [Revised: 06/11/2024] [Accepted: 06/12/2024] [Indexed: 06/21/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Variation in specialty treatment utilization for alcohol use disorder (AUD) by patient subgroups is poorly understood. This study examined whether and how patient risk profiles predict receipt of specialty treatment and whether there are disparities by race and ethnicity. METHODS This cohort study included 206,956 adults with heavy alcohol use (that which exceeded National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism guidelines) between June 1, 2013 and December 31, 2014, using electronic health record data from Kaiser Permanente Northern California. Five risk profiles (characterized by daily or weekly heavy drinking and level of health risks) were identified in latent class analysis. Logistic regression models were fit to examine associations between risk profiles, race, ethnicity, and receipt of specialty treatment (including addiction medicine, psychiatry, or integrated behavioral health visits, and AUD pharmacotherapy), adjusting for other patient characteristics. Variation in the association between risk profiles and receipt of specialty treatment by race/ethnicity was also examined. RESULTS Overall, 4.0% of patients received specialty treatment. Latino/Hispanic and Asian/Pacific Islander patients had lower odds of receiving specialty treatment than White patients (adjusted odds ratio [aOR] [95% CI] = 0.80 [0.75, 0.85], and 0.64 [0.59, 0.70], respectively). The substance use disorder and mental health disorder (SUD/MH) risk profile had the highest odds of receiving specialty treatment (10.46 [9.65, 11.34]). Associations between risk profiles and receipt of specialty treatment significantly differed by race/ethnicity. Black patients in the SUD/MH risk profile, and Hispanic/Latino patients in the risk profile with heavy daily drinking and more health risks, had lower odds of receiving specialty treatment than their White counterparts (adjusted ratio of odds ratios [aROR] [95% CI] = 0.69 [0.50, 0.94], and 0.79 [0.67, 0.92], respectively). CONCLUSIONS This study provides new insights into racial/ethnic disparities in specialty treatment utilization for alcohol problems. Findings may help inform strategies for tailoring interventions to address heavy alcohol use.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vanessa A Palzes
- Division of Research, Center for Addiction and Mental Health Research, Kaiser Permanente, Pleasanton, California, USA
| | - Felicia W Chi
- Division of Research, Center for Addiction and Mental Health Research, Kaiser Permanente, Pleasanton, California, USA
| | - Constance Weisner
- Division of Research, Center for Addiction and Mental Health Research, Kaiser Permanente, Pleasanton, California, USA
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Weill Institute for Neurosciences, University of California, San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Andrea H Kline-Simon
- Division of Research, Center for Addiction and Mental Health Research, Kaiser Permanente, Pleasanton, California, USA
| | - Derek D Satre
- Division of Research, Center for Addiction and Mental Health Research, Kaiser Permanente, Pleasanton, California, USA
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Weill Institute for Neurosciences, University of California, San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Stacy Sterling
- Division of Research, Center for Addiction and Mental Health Research, Kaiser Permanente, Pleasanton, California, USA
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Weill Institute for Neurosciences, University of California, San Francisco, California, USA
- Department of Health Systems Science, Kaiser Permanente Bernard J. Tyson School of Medicine, Pasadena, California, USA
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Roca-Ventura A, Solana-Sánchez J, Cattaneo G, Tormos-Muñoz JM, Pascual-Leone Á, Bartrés-Faz D. Lifestyle trajectories in middle-aged adults and their relationship with health indicators. Front Public Health 2024; 12:1412547. [PMID: 38903574 PMCID: PMC11188459 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2024.1412547] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2024] [Accepted: 05/16/2024] [Indexed: 06/22/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction Understanding the impact of different lifestyle trajectories on health preservation and disease risk is crucial for effective interventions. Methods This study analyzed lifestyle engagement over five years in 3,013 healthy adults aged 40-70 from the Barcelona Brain Health Initiative using K-means clustering. Nine modifiable risk factors were considered, including cognitive, physical, and social activity, vital plan, diet, obesity, smoking, alcohol consumption, and sleep. Self-reported diagnoses of new diseases at different time-points after baseline allowed to explore the association between these five profiles and health outcomes. Results The data-driven analysis classified subjects into five lifestyle profiles, revealing associations with health behaviors and risk factors. Those exhibiting high scores in health-promoting behaviors and low-risk behaviors, demonstrate a reduced likelihood of developing diseases (p < 0.001). In contrast, profiles with risky habits showed distinct risks for psychiatric, neurological, and cardiovascular diseases. Participant's lifestyle trajectories remained relatively stable over time. Discussion Our findings have identified risk for distinct diseases associated to specific lifestyle patterns. These results could help in the personalization of interventions based on data-driven observation of behavioral patterns and policies that promote a healthy lifestyle and can lead to better health outcomes for people in an aging society.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alba Roca-Ventura
- Institut Guttmann, Institut Universitari de Neurorehabilitació adscrit a la UAB, Badalona, Spain
- Departament de Medicina, Facultat de Medicina i Ciències de la Salut i Institut de Neurociències, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
- Fundació Institut d’Investigació en Ciències de la Salut Germans Trias i Pujol, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Javier Solana-Sánchez
- Institut Guttmann, Institut Universitari de Neurorehabilitació adscrit a la UAB, Badalona, Spain
- Fundació Institut d’Investigació en Ciències de la Salut Germans Trias i Pujol, Barcelona, Spain
- Departament de Medicina, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, Spain
| | - Gabriele Cattaneo
- Institut Guttmann, Institut Universitari de Neurorehabilitació adscrit a la UAB, Badalona, Spain
- Fundació Institut d’Investigació en Ciències de la Salut Germans Trias i Pujol, Barcelona, Spain
- Departament de Medicina, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, Spain
| | - Josep M. Tormos-Muñoz
- Institut Guttmann, Institut Universitari de Neurorehabilitació adscrit a la UAB, Badalona, Spain
- Departament de Medicina, Facultat de Medicina i Ciències de la Salut i Institut de Neurociències, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
- Fundació Institut d’Investigació en Ciències de la Salut Germans Trias i Pujol, Barcelona, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Traslacional San Alberto Magno, Universidad Católica de Valencia San Vicente Mártir, Valencia, Spain
| | - Álvaro Pascual-Leone
- Hinda and Arthur Marcus Institute for Aging Research and Deanna and Sidney Wolk Center for Memory Health, Boston, MA, United States
- Department of Neurology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States
| | - David Bartrés-Faz
- Institut Guttmann, Institut Universitari de Neurorehabilitació adscrit a la UAB, Badalona, Spain
- Departament de Medicina, Facultat de Medicina i Ciències de la Salut i Institut de Neurociències, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
- Institut d’Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain
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Steca P, Adorni R, Serino S, D'Addario M. Self-efficacy beliefs as key ingredients to healthy and sustainable lifestyles. A five-year longitudinal study on diet and physical activity habits of newly diagnosed patients with acute coronary syndrome. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PSYCHOLOGY 2024. [PMID: 38840556 DOI: 10.1002/ijop.13151] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2023] [Accepted: 05/08/2024] [Indexed: 06/07/2024]
Abstract
Cardiovascular diseases represent a significant cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide, and an unhealthy lifestyle notoriously accounts for a large percentage of their risk. Identifying resources to stimulate lifestyle changes is an essential goal of primary and secondary cardiovascular prevention. Self-efficacy beliefs are among the major psychological factors proven to impact health status and lifestyle. This study aimed to confirm the role of self-efficacy beliefs by investigating their associations over 5 years of adherence to healthy lifestyles in terms of diet and physical activity in a sample of 275 newly diagnosed patients with acute coronary syndrome. Longitudinal profiles of lifestyles and self-efficacy beliefs in their improvement were identified through latent class growth analysis. Correlations were then performed to explore the associations between lifestyles and self-efficacy trajectories. Results showed a positive association between virtuous lifestyle profiles and high self-efficacy in implementing behavioural change. Finally, two logistic regressions were performed to test the hypothesis that a high self-efficacy profile would predict better lifestyles 5 years after the coronary event. This hypothesis was confirmed for diet. Overall, current findings confirm the importance of implementing repeated psychological interventions that promote patients' efficacy beliefs in self-regulating their behaviour changes over time.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patrizia Steca
- Department of Psychology, University of Milano-Bicocca, Milan, Italy
| | - Roberta Adorni
- Department of Psychology, University of Milano-Bicocca, Milan, Italy
| | - Silvia Serino
- Department of Psychology, University of Milano-Bicocca, Milan, Italy
| | - Marco D'Addario
- Department of Psychology, University of Milano-Bicocca, Milan, Italy
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de Mello GT, Thirunavukkarasu S, Jeemon P, Thankappan KR, Oldenburg B, Cao Y. Clustering of health behaviors and their associations with cardiometabolic risk factors among adults at high risk for type 2 diabetes in India: A latent class analysis. J Diabetes 2024; 16:e13550. [PMID: 38708436 PMCID: PMC11070839 DOI: 10.1111/1753-0407.13550] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2023] [Revised: 02/06/2024] [Accepted: 02/16/2024] [Indexed: 05/07/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND We aimed to identify clusters of health behaviors and study their associations with cardiometabolic risk factors in adults at high risk for type 2 diabetes in India. METHODS Baseline data from the Kerala Diabetes Prevention Program (n = 1000; age 30-60 years) were used for this study. Information on physical activity (PA), sedentary behavior, fruit and vegetable intake, sleep, and alcohol and tobacco use was collected using questionnaires. Blood pressure, waist circumference, 2-h plasma glucose, high-density lipoprotein and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, and triglycerides were measured using standardized protocols. Latent class analysis was used to identify clusters of health behaviors, and multilevel mixed-effects linear regression was employed to examine their associations with cardiometabolic risk factors. RESULTS Two classes were identified, with 87.4% of participants in class 1 and 12.6% in class 2. Participants in both classes had a high probability of not engaging in leisure-time PA (0.80 for class 1; 0.73 for class 2) and consuming <5 servings of fruit and vegetables per day (0.70 for class 1; 0.63 for class 2). However, participants in class 1 had a lower probability of sitting for >=3 h per day (0.26 vs 0.42), tobacco use (0.10 vs 0.75), and alcohol use (0.08 vs 1.00) compared to those in class 2. Class 1 had a significantly lower mean systolic blood pressure (β = -3.70 mm Hg, 95% confidence interval [CI] -7.05, -0.36), diastolic blood pressure (β = -2.45 mm Hg, 95% CI -4.74, -0.16), and triglycerides (β = -0.81 mg/dL, 95% CI -0.75, -0.89). CONCLUSION Implementing intervention strategies, tailored to cluster-specific health behaviors, is required for the effective prevention of cardiometabolic disorders among high-risk adults for type 2 diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabrielli T. de Mello
- Research Center for Physical Activity and HealthFederal University of Santa CatarinaFlorianópolisSanta CatarinaBrazil
| | - Sathish Thirunavukkarasu
- Department of Family and Preventive Medicine, School of MedicineEmory UniversityAtlantaGeorgiaUSA
- Emory Global Diabetes Research Center, Woodruff Health Sciences CenterEmory UniversityAtlantaGeorgiaUSA
| | - Panniyammakal Jeemon
- Achutha Menon Centre for Health Science Studies, Sree Chitra Tirunal Institute for Medical Sciences and TechnologyTrivandrumIndia
| | | | - Brian Oldenburg
- Baker Heart and Diabetes InstituteMelbourneVictoriaAustralia
- School of Psychology and Public HealthLa Trobe UniversityMelbourneVictoriaAustralia
| | - Yingting Cao
- Baker Heart and Diabetes InstituteMelbourneVictoriaAustralia
- Department of Sport, Exercise and Nutrition Sciences, School of Allied Health, Human Services and SportLa Trobe UniversityMelbourneVictoriaAustralia
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Slotnick MJ, Ansari S, Parnarouskis L, Gearhardt AN, Wolfson JA, Leung CW. Persistent and Changing Food Insecurity Among Students at a Midwestern University is Associated With Behavioral and Mental Health Outcomes. Am J Health Promot 2024; 38:483-491. [PMID: 38130004 DOI: 10.1177/08901171231224102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE To assess associations between persistent and changing food insecurity and behavioral and mental health outcomes in college students. DESIGN Online surveys conducted November 2018 and March 2019 (freshman year), and March 2020 (sophomore year) were used to assess food insecurity, which was then used to create 4 food security transitions: persistent food insecurity, emergent food insecurity, emergent food security, and persistent food security. SETTING Large Midwestern university. SAMPLE 593 students completing all 3 surveys. MEASURES Dietary intake and behavioral and mental health outcomes (eating disorders, anxiety, depression, sleep quality) were assessed using validated instruments. ANALYSIS Associations between food security transitions and dietary intake, behavioral, and mental health outcomes were examined using generalized linear models. RESULTS Compared to persistent food security, emergent and persistent food insecurity was associated with lower (7% and 13% respectively) intake of fruits and vegetables combined; persistent food insecurity was associated with 17% lower intake of fruits, 6% lower intake of fiber and 10% higher intake of added sugar from beverages. Compared to persistent food secure students, eating disorder symptom risk was higher for emergent food insecure (OR = 7.61, 95% CI: 3.32, 17.48), and persistent food insecure (OR = 6.60, 95% CI: 2.60, 16.72) students; emergent (OR = 2.05, 95% CI: 1.14, 3.71) and persistent (OR = 2.55, 95% CI: 1.34, 4.87) food insecure students had higher odds of poor sleep quality, and persistent food insecure, emergent food insecure, and emergent food secure students had higher odds of anxiety and depression (OR range 2.35-2.85). CONCLUSION Food security transitions were associated with aspects of low diet quality and poorer behavioral and mental health outcomes among college students.
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Affiliation(s)
- Melissa J Slotnick
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, School of Public Health, The University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Saba Ansari
- Department of Health Management and Policy, School of Public Health, The University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | | | | | - Julia A Wolfson
- Department of International Health, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, USA
- Department of Health Policy and Management, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Cindy W Leung
- Department of Nutrition, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
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Tang Z, Yang X, Tan W, Ke Y, Kou C, Zhang M, Liu L, Zhang Y, Li X, Li W, Wang SB. Patterns of unhealthy lifestyle and their associations with depressive and anxiety symptoms among Chinese young adults: A latent class analysis. J Affect Disord 2024; 352:267-277. [PMID: 38378090 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2024.02.055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2023] [Revised: 02/10/2024] [Accepted: 02/14/2024] [Indexed: 02/22/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND There is little evidence on the association between patterns of unhealthy lifestyle and mental health among young adults. METHOD This study included a total of 28,978 young adults aged 18 to 44 years old in Guangdong province in south China, which was conducted from September to December in 2022. We used latent class analysis to classify the patterns of unhealthy lifestyle among young adults and used multiple logistic regression to explore their associations with depressive and anxiety symptoms. RESULT The weighted prevalence of depressive and anxiety symptoms were 28.0 % and 19.5 %, respectively. The cumulative effect of unhealthy lifestyles on depressive and anxiety symptoms was significant. Five patterns of unhealthy lifestyle were classified. Compared to the relatively healthy lifestyle class, the class with more unhealthy lifestyles (OR = 6.54, 95 % CI: 5.70-7.51) and insufficient sleep (OR = 6.16, 95 % CI: 4.92-7.70) had higher risk for depressive and anxiety symptoms. Meaningfully, having adequate mental health literacy could reduce the risk of depressive and anxiety symptoms from unhealthy lifestyle by half. LIMITATIONS The cross-section design study limited causal inferences, and the self-report information may lead to recall bias. CONCLUSIONS Unhealthy lifestyles have a negative impact on depressive and anxiety symptoms through independent, cumulative and combined effects, and they could be interrelated. Unhealthy lifestyle patterns differed in younger population by socio-demographic characteristics and mental health literacy. Health-care professionals and policymakers may provide programs to intervene multiple unhealthy lifestyles and improve mental health literacy by integrating healthy lifestyle education to promote youngers' mental health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhitao Tang
- Department of Social Medicine and Health Management, School of Public Health, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin province, China
| | - Xinyan Yang
- Department of Social Medicine and Health Management, School of Public Health, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin province, China
| | - Wenyan Tan
- Guangdong Mental Health Center, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital (Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences), Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Yunfei Ke
- Guangdong Mental Health Center, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital (Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences), Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Changgui Kou
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin province, China
| | - Min Zhang
- Department of Social Medicine and Health Management, School of Public Health, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin province, China
| | - Lijie Liu
- Department of Social Medicine and Health Management, School of Public Health, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin province, China
| | - Yali Zhang
- Department of Social Medicine and Health Management, School of Public Health, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin province, China
| | - Xue Li
- Department of Social Medicine and Health Management, School of Public Health, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin province, China
| | - Wenjun Li
- Department of Social Medicine and Health Management, School of Public Health, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin province, China.
| | - Shi-Bin Wang
- Guangdong Mental Health Center, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital (Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences), Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China; School of Health, Zhuhai College of Science and Technology, Zhuhai, Guangdong Province, China.
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14
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Menta R, Rosso G, Canzoneri F. ONE QUALITY concept: a narrative perspective to unravel nutritional challenges, controversies, and the imperative need of transforming our food systems. Front Nutr 2024; 11:1379159. [PMID: 38685955 PMCID: PMC11056559 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2024.1379159] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2024] [Accepted: 04/05/2024] [Indexed: 05/02/2024] Open
Abstract
Ensuring a healthy and sustainable diet for all should be a global priority, and to achieve this goal the food system requires substantial changes. Adopting a one-size-fits-all approach is not feasible, and we need to consider the cultural particularities of each geography and not try to export models that work in one place but may be unsustainable in others. Our discussion will center on two key aspects within this overarching process: (a) the combination of a rigorous evidence-based approach with existing or proposed Nutritional Guidelines and policies required to realize the "ONE HEALTH" and "ONE QUALITY" concepts. Examining the Mediterranean diet and the latest findings on saturated fats will aid us in comprehending the necessary paradigm shift required to formulate new guidelines with substantial impact in preventing the rising prevalence of Non-Communicable Diseases worldwide; (b) the adequacy and scope of the data bank necessary to develop a global, science-based approach.
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Kilpeläinen K, Ståhl T, Ylöstalo T, Keski-Kuha T, Nyrhinen R, Koponen P, Gissler M. Citizens' digital footprints to support health promotion at the local level-PUHTI study, Finland. Eur J Public Health 2024:ckae053. [PMID: 38573194 DOI: 10.1093/eurpub/ckae053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/05/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND We aimed to explore to the possibilities of utilizing automatically accumulating data on health-owned for example by local companies and non-governmental organizations-to complement traditional health data sources in health promotion work at the local level. METHODS Data for the PUHTI study consisted of postal code level information on sport license holders, drug purchase and sales advertisements in a TOR online underground marketplace, and grocery sales in Tampere. Additionally, open population register data were utilized. An interactive reporting tool was prepared to show the well-being profile for each postal code area. Feedback from the tool's end-users was collected in interviews. RESULTS The study showed that buying unhealthy food and alcohol, selling or buying drugs, and participating in organized sport activities differed by postal code areas according to its socioeconomic profile in the city of Tampere. The health and well-being planners and managers of Tampere found that the new type of data brought added value for the health promotion work at the local level. They perceived the interactive reporting tool as a good tool for planning, managing, allocating resources and preparing forecasts. CONCLUSIONS Traditional health data collection methods-administrative registers and health surveys-are the cornerstone of local health promotion work. Digital footprints, including data accumulated about people's everyday lives outside the health service system, can provide additional information on health behaviour for various population groups. Combining new sources with traditional health data opens a new perspective for health promotion work at local and regional levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katri Kilpeläinen
- Department of Public Health and Welfare, Finnish Institute for Health and Welfare, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Timo Ståhl
- Department of Public Health and Welfare, Finnish Institute for Health and Welfare, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Tiina Ylöstalo
- Department of Knowledge Brokers, Finnish Institute for Health and Welfare, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Teemu Keski-Kuha
- Department of Public Health and Welfare, Finnish Institute for Health and Welfare, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Riku Nyrhinen
- Department of Public Health and Welfare, Finnish Institute for Health and Welfare, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Päivikki Koponen
- Department of Public Health and Welfare, Finnish Institute for Health and Welfare, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Mika Gissler
- Department of Knowledge Brokers, Finnish Institute for Health and Welfare, Helsinki, Finland
- Region Stockholm, Academic Primary Health Care Centre, Stockholm, Sweden
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Surgery, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
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16
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Yebyo HG, van Wifferen F, Pluymen LPM, Leeflang MMG, Dekker E, Coupé VMH, Puhan MA, Greuter MJE, Stegeman I. Benefit-Harm Analysis for Informed Decision Making on Participating in Colorectal Cancer Screening: A Modeling Study. VALUE IN HEALTH : THE JOURNAL OF THE INTERNATIONAL SOCIETY FOR PHARMACOECONOMICS AND OUTCOMES RESEARCH 2024; 27:397-404. [PMID: 38141815 DOI: 10.1016/j.jval.2023.12.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2023] [Revised: 12/04/2023] [Accepted: 12/06/2023] [Indexed: 12/25/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To facilitate informed decision making on participating in colorectal cancer (CRC) screening, we assessed the benefit-harm balance of CRC screening for a wide range of subgroups over different time horizons. METHODS The study combined incidence proportions of benefits and harms of (not) participating in CRC screening estimated by the Adenoma and Serrated pathway to CAncer microsimulation model, a preference eliciting survey, and benefit-harm balance modeling combining all outcomes to determine the net health benefit of CRC screening over 10, 20, and 30 years. Probability of net health benefit was estimated for 210 different subgroups based on age, sex, previous participation in CRC screening, and lifestyle. RESULTS CRC screening was net beneficial in 183 of 210 subgroups over 30 years (median probability [MP] of 0.79, interquartile range [IQR] of 0.69-0.85) across subgroups. Net health benefit was greater for men (MP 0.82; IQR 0.69-0.89) than women (MP 0.76; IQR 0.67-0.83) and for those without history of participation in previous screenings (MP 0.84; IQR 0.80-0.89) compared with those with (MP 0.69; IQR 0.59-0.75). Net health benefit decreased with increasing age, from MP of 0.84 (IQR 0.80-0.86) at age 55 to 0.61 (IQR 0.56-0.71) at age 75. Shorter time horizons led to lower benefit, with MP of 0.70 (IQR 0.62-0.80) over 20 years and 0.54 (IQR 0.48-0.67) over 10 years. CONCLUSIONS Our benefit-harm analysis provides information about net health benefit of screening participation, based on important characteristics and preferences of individuals, which could assist screening invitees in making informed decisions on screening participation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Henock G Yebyo
- University of Zurich, Epidemiology, Biostatistics and Prevention Institute, Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland; Ldwig Maximilian University (LMU), Institute for Medical Information Processing, Biometry, and Epidemiology (IBE), Public Health and Health Services Research, Munich, Germany
| | - Francine van Wifferen
- Amsterdam UMC location Vrije Universiteit, Epidemiology and Data Science, De Boelelaan 1117, Amsterdam, The Netherlands; Amsterdam Public Health, Methodology, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
| | - Linda P M Pluymen
- Amsterdam Public Health, Methodology, Amsterdam, The Netherlands; Amsterdam UMC location University of Amsterdam, Epidemiology and Data Science, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Mariska M G Leeflang
- Amsterdam Public Health, Methodology, Amsterdam, The Netherlands; Amsterdam UMC location University of Amsterdam, Epidemiology and Data Science, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Evelien Dekker
- Amsterdam UMC location University of Amsterdam, Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Veerle M H Coupé
- Amsterdam UMC location Vrije Universiteit, Epidemiology and Data Science, De Boelelaan 1117, Amsterdam, The Netherlands; Amsterdam Public Health, Methodology, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Milo A Puhan
- University of Zurich, Epidemiology, Biostatistics and Prevention Institute, Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Marjolein J E Greuter
- Amsterdam UMC location Vrije Universiteit, Epidemiology and Data Science, De Boelelaan 1117, Amsterdam, The Netherlands; Amsterdam Public Health, Methodology, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Inge Stegeman
- Amsterdam Public Health, Methodology, Amsterdam, The Netherlands; Amsterdam UMC location University of Amsterdam, Epidemiology and Data Science, Amsterdam, The Netherlands; University Medical Centre Utrecht, Department of Otorhinolaryngology and Head & Neck Surgery, Utrecht, The Netherlands; University Medical Centre Utrecht, Brain Centre, Utrecht, The Netherlands
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17
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Li X, Dessie Y, Mwanyika-Sando M, Assefa N, Millogo O, Manu A, Chukwu A, Bukenya J, Patil R, Zou S, Zhang H, Nurhussien L, Tinkasimile A, Bärnighausen T, Shinde S, Fawzi WW, Tang K. Co-occurrence of and factors associated with health risk behaviors among adolescents: a multi-center study in sub-Saharan Africa, China, and India. EClinicalMedicine 2024; 70:102525. [PMID: 38533342 PMCID: PMC10963189 DOI: 10.1016/j.eclinm.2024.102525] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2023] [Revised: 02/18/2024] [Accepted: 02/20/2024] [Indexed: 03/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Despite lifelong and detrimental effects, the co-occurrence of health risk behaviors (HRBs) during adolescence remains understudied in low- and middle-income countries. This study examines the co-occurrence of HRBs and its correlates among adolescents in sub-Saharan Africa, China, and India. Methods A multi-country cross-sectional study was conducted in 2021-2022, involving 9697 adolescents (aged 10-19 years) from eight countries, namely Burkina Faso, China, Ethiopia, India, Ghana, Nigeria, Tanzania, and Uganda. A standardized questionnaire was administered to examine five types of HRBs - physical inactivity, poor dietary habits, smoking, alcohol consumption, and risky sexual behavior. Latent class analysis was employed to identify clustering patterns among the behaviors, and logistic regression was used to identify the correlates of these patterns. Findings Three clusters of HRBs were identified, with Cluster 1 (27.73%) characterized by the absence of any specific risky behavior, Cluster 2 (68.16%) characterized by co-occurrence of physical inactivity and poor dietary habits, and Cluster 3 (4.11%) characterized by engagement in smoking, alcohol consumption, and risky sexual behavior. Relative to Cluster 1, being in Cluster 2 was associated with being female (aOR 1.20, 95% CI 1.09-1.32), not enrolled in education (aOR 0.84, 95% CI 0.71-0.99), and not engaged in paid work (aOR 1.23, 95% CI 1.08-1.41). Compared with those Cluster 1, adolescents in Cluster 3 were less likely to be female (aOR 0.41, 95% CI 0.32-0.54), be engaged in paid work (aOR 0.54, 95% CI 0.41-0.71), more likely to be older (aOR 7.56, 95% CI 5.18-11.03), not be enrolled in educational institution (aOR 1.74, 95% CI 1.27-2.38), and more likely to live with guardians other than parents (aOR 1.56, 95% CI 1.19-2.05). Interpretation The significant clustering patterns of HRBs among adolescents in sub-Saharan Africa, China, and India highlights the urgent need for convergent approaches to improve adolescent health behaviors. Early life and school-based programs aimed at promoting healthy behaviors and preventing risky and unhealthy behaviors should be prioritized to equip adolescents with the tools and skills for lifelong well-being. Funding Fondation Botnar (Grant #INV-037672) and Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, partially funded this study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuan Li
- Vanke School of Public Health, Tsinghua University, China
| | - Yadeta Dessie
- College of Health and Medical Sciences, Haramaya University, Ethiopia
| | | | - Nega Assefa
- College of Health and Medical Sciences, Haramaya University, Ethiopia
| | | | - Adom Manu
- Department of Population, Family, and Reproductive Health, University of Ghana, Ghana
| | - Angela Chukwu
- Department of Statistics, University of Ibadan, Nigeria
| | | | | | - Siyu Zou
- Department of Epidemiology, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, United States of America
| | - Hanxiyue Zhang
- Vanke School of Public Health, Tsinghua University, China
| | - Lina Nurhussien
- Department of Global Health and Population, T. H. Chan School of Public Health, Harvard University, United States of America
| | | | - Till Bärnighausen
- Department of Global Health and Population, T. H. Chan School of Public Health, Harvard University, United States of America
- Heidelberg Institute of Global Health, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Sachin Shinde
- Department of Global Health and Population, T. H. Chan School of Public Health, Harvard University, United States of America
| | - Wafaie W. Fawzi
- Department of Global Health and Population, T. H. Chan School of Public Health, Harvard University, United States of America
| | - Kun Tang
- Vanke School of Public Health, Tsinghua University, China
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18
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Wong VWH, Yiu EKL, Ng CH, Sarris J, Ho FYY. Unraveling the associations between unhealthy lifestyle behaviors and mental health in the general adult Chinese population: A cross-sectional study. J Affect Disord 2024; 349:583-595. [PMID: 38176449 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2023.12.079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2023] [Revised: 11/24/2023] [Accepted: 12/27/2023] [Indexed: 01/06/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND This study examined the cumulative risk of unhealthy lifestyle behaviors and the associations between overall lifestyle and common mental disorders (CMDs), insomnia, stress, health-related quality of life (HRQOL), and functional impairment. Additionally, the treatment preferences for managing CMDs and insomnia were examined. METHODS A survey was conducted on 1487 Chinese Hong Kong adults, assessing their lifestyle behaviors (i.e., diet and nutrition, substance use, physical activity, stress management, restorative sleep, social support, and environmental exposures), mental health-related outcomes, and treatment preferences via a vignette. RESULTS The findings revealed significant additive relationships between the number of 'worse' lifestyle domains and the risk of all outcomes. A healthier overall lifestyle was significantly associated with reduced risks of all outcomes (AORs = 0.88 to 0.93). Having healthier practices in diet and nutrition, substance use, stress management, restorative sleep, and social support domains were significantly associated with lower risks of all outcomes (AORs = 0.93 to 0.98), except that substance use was not significantly associated with stress. Physical activity was inversely associated with only depressive symptoms (AOR = 0.98), anxiety symptoms (AOR = 0.99), and stress (AOR = 0.99). Environmental exposures were not significantly associated with functional impairment but with all other outcomes (AORs = 0.98 to 0.99). Besides, lifestyle interventions (55 %) were significantly more preferred for managing CMDs and insomnia relative to psychotherapy (35.4 %) and pharmacotherapy (9.6 %). CONCLUSIONS Our findings underscore the importance of considering lifestyle factors when managing CMDs, insomnia, stress, HRQOL, and functional impairment, with a particular emphasis on adopting a multicomponent treatment approach.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Eric Kwok-Lun Yiu
- Department of Psychology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | - Chee H Ng
- Department of Psychiatry, The Melbourne Clinic and St Vincent's Hospital, University of Melbourne, Richmond, VIC, Australia
| | - Jerome Sarris
- Western Sydney University, NICM Health Research Institute, Westmead, NSW, Australia; Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Fiona Yan-Yee Ho
- Department of Psychology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong.
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19
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Sun K, Jin S, Yang Z, Li X, Li C, Zhang J, Yang G, Yang C, Abdelrahman Z, Liu Z. Transition to healthier lifestyle associated with reduced risk of incident dementia and decreased hippocampal atrophy. J Affect Disord 2024; 349:552-558. [PMID: 38195008 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2024.01.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2023] [Revised: 11/23/2023] [Accepted: 01/03/2024] [Indexed: 01/11/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Research has estimated the associations of lifestyle at one-time point with the risk of dementia and hippocampal volume, but the impact of lifestyle transition on dementia and hippocampal volume remains unclear. This study aims to examine the associations of lifestyle transition with the risk of dementia and hippocampal volume. METHODS Based on data from the UK Biobank, a weighted lifestyle score was constructed by incorporating six lifestyle factors. Within each baseline lifestyle group (i.e., healthy, intermediate, and unhealthy), lifestyle transition was classified into decline, maintenance, and improvement. Cox proportional hazard regression was used to estimate the association of lifestyle transition and incident dementia (N = 16,305). A multiple linear regression model was used to estimate the association between lifestyle transition and hippocampal volume (N = 5849). RESULTS During a median follow-up period of 8.6 years, 120 (0.7 %) dementia events were documented. Among participants with healthy baseline lifestyles, the improvement group had a lower risk of incident dementia (HR: 0.18, 95 % CI: 0.04-0.81) and a larger hippocampal volume (β = 111.69, P = 0.026) than the decline group. Similar results were observed among participants with intermediate baseline lifestyles regarding dementia risk but not hippocampal volume. No benefits were observed in the improvement group among those with unhealthy baseline lifestyles. LIMITATIONS A lower incidence of dementia than other cohort study and this may have resulted in an underestimation of the risk of dementia. CONCLUSIONS Earlier transitions to healthier lifestyle were associated with reduced risk of incident dementia and decreased hippocampal atrophy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kaili Sun
- Center for Clinical Big Data and Analytics of the Second Affiliated Hospital, and Department of Big Data in Health Science School of Public Health, The Key Laboratory of Intelligent Preventive Medicine of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310058, Zhejiang, China
| | - Shuyi Jin
- Center for Clinical Big Data and Analytics of the Second Affiliated Hospital, and Department of Big Data in Health Science School of Public Health, The Key Laboratory of Intelligent Preventive Medicine of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310058, Zhejiang, China
| | - Zhenqing Yang
- Center for Clinical Big Data and Analytics of the Second Affiliated Hospital, and Department of Big Data in Health Science School of Public Health, The Key Laboratory of Intelligent Preventive Medicine of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310058, Zhejiang, China
| | - Xueqin Li
- Center for Clinical Big Data and Analytics of the Second Affiliated Hospital, and Department of Big Data in Health Science School of Public Health, The Key Laboratory of Intelligent Preventive Medicine of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310058, Zhejiang, China
| | - Chenxi Li
- Center for Clinical Big Data and Analytics of the Second Affiliated Hospital, and Department of Big Data in Health Science School of Public Health, The Key Laboratory of Intelligent Preventive Medicine of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310058, Zhejiang, China
| | - Jingyun Zhang
- Center for Clinical Big Data and Analytics of the Second Affiliated Hospital, and Department of Big Data in Health Science School of Public Health, The Key Laboratory of Intelligent Preventive Medicine of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310058, Zhejiang, China
| | - Gan Yang
- Center for Clinical Big Data and Analytics of the Second Affiliated Hospital, and Department of Big Data in Health Science School of Public Health, The Key Laboratory of Intelligent Preventive Medicine of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310058, Zhejiang, China
| | - Chongming Yang
- Research Support Center, Brigham Young University, Provo, UT 84602, USA
| | - Zeinab Abdelrahman
- Centre for Public Health, Queen's University of Belfast, Belfast BT12 6BA, UK
| | - Zuyun Liu
- Center for Clinical Big Data and Analytics of the Second Affiliated Hospital, and Department of Big Data in Health Science School of Public Health, The Key Laboratory of Intelligent Preventive Medicine of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310058, Zhejiang, China.
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20
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Gómez-Gómez I, Barquero-Jiménez C, Johnson E, Conejo-Cerón S, Moreno-Peral P, Bellón JÁ, Motrico E. Effectiveness of multiple health behavior change interventions in reducing symptoms of anxiety in the adult population: A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. Prev Med 2024; 180:107847. [PMID: 38199592 DOI: 10.1016/j.ypmed.2024.107847] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2023] [Revised: 11/30/2023] [Accepted: 01/03/2024] [Indexed: 01/12/2024]
Abstract
There is limited evidence regarding the effectiveness of preventive interventions for anxiety disorders. We aim to test the effectiveness of multiple health behavior change (MHBC) interventions in the reduction of symptoms of anxiety in the adult population. A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) was conducted by searching the most relevant databases and registry platforms in the area. Reference lists of included articles and relevant systematic reviews and meta-analyses of MHBC interventions that examined anxiety or depression as outcomes were also manually searched. To identify RCTs that evaluated preventive interventions, we excluded studies in which the target population included only patients meeting the diagnostic criteria for anxiety disorders. To pool results, the standardized mean difference (SMD) was calculated using the random effects model. Sensitivity, subgroup and meta-regression analyses were performed. Forty-six RCTs were included in the qualitative synthesis, and 34 RCTs were included in the meta-analysis. Thirty RCTs were focused on promoting healthy diet and physical activity, whereas the other 16 studies also focused on smoking cessation. The pooled SMD was small (-0.183; 95% CI -0.276 to -0.091) but significant (p < 0.001). The effect became non-significant when only studies with a low risk of bias were included. There was substantial and significant heterogeneity between the studies. There is currently insufficient evidence regarding the effectiveness of MHBC interventions to reduce symptoms of anxiety in the adult population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Irene Gómez-Gómez
- Department of Psychology, Universidad Loyola Andalucía, Spain; Network for Research on Chronicity, Primary Care, and Health Promotion (RICAPPS), Spain
| | | | - Emma Johnson
- Centre for Applied Psychology, School of Psychology, University of Birmingham, UK
| | - Sonia Conejo-Cerón
- Network for Research on Chronicity, Primary Care, and Health Promotion (RICAPPS), Spain; Research Unit of the Health District of Primary Care Málaga-Guadalhorce, Spain; Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga (IBIMA), Spain
| | - Patricia Moreno-Peral
- Network for Research on Chronicity, Primary Care, and Health Promotion (RICAPPS), Spain; Research Unit of the Health District of Primary Care Málaga-Guadalhorce, Spain; Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga (IBIMA), Spain; Department of Personality, Assessment and Psychological Treatment, University of Malaga (UMA), Spain
| | - Juan Ángel Bellón
- Network for Research on Chronicity, Primary Care, and Health Promotion (RICAPPS), Spain; Research Unit of the Health District of Primary Care Málaga-Guadalhorce, Spain; Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga (IBIMA), Spain; El Palo Health Centre, Andalusian Health Service (SAS), Spain; Department of Public Health and Psychiatry, University of Málaga (UMA), Spain
| | - Emma Motrico
- Department of Psychology, Universidad Loyola Andalucía, Spain; Network for Research on Chronicity, Primary Care, and Health Promotion (RICAPPS), Spain.
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21
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Shank F, Korovich M, Nicoletti A, Angelone DJ, Jones MC. The Influence of Health-Related Behavior Profiles on College Students' Perceptions of COVID-19 Safety Measures. J Community Health 2024:10.1007/s10900-024-01342-9. [PMID: 38413406 DOI: 10.1007/s10900-024-01342-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 02/13/2024] [Indexed: 02/29/2024]
Abstract
College students often engage in multiple health-related behaviors simultaneously which can lead to negative outcomes and further risky behaviors. During the COVID-19 pandemic, college students reported decreased condom use, increased solitary cannabis use, and increased alcohol consumption. This current study aimed to (1) identify profiles of health-related behaviors (i.e., alcohol consumption, cannabis use, and sexual behaviors), and (2) determine if these profiles would differ in engagement and perceived effectiveness of COVID-19 preventative measures. Participants were 273 college students from a large Northeastern U.S. public university who completed surveys about health-related behaviors during the 2021 academic year. We used a latent profile analysis to identify distinct subgroups of college students based on their engagement in health-related behaviors. Based on fit indices a three-profile solution showed the best fit: low (N = 196), moderate (N = 54), and high (N = 23). Two one-way ANOVAs examined whether profile membership predicted engagement and perceived effectiveness of COVID-19 safety measures. Participants in the low health-related behaviors profile engaged in preventative measures more than students in the other two profiles. However, profile membership did not predict perceived effectiveness of preventative behaviors. Taken together, our results indicate that college students reporting lower levels of health-related behaviors engage in more preventative measures during a pandemic. Understanding distinct health-related behaviors profiles among college students, and their links with COVID-preventative health-related behaviors, can inform prevention strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Faith Shank
- Department of Psychology, Rowan University, 201 Mullica Hill Rd, Glassboro, NJ, 08028, USA.
| | - Megan Korovich
- Department of Psychology, Rowan University, 201 Mullica Hill Rd, Glassboro, NJ, 08028, USA
| | - Alexandra Nicoletti
- Department of Psychology, Rowan University, 201 Mullica Hill Rd, Glassboro, NJ, 08028, USA
| | - D J Angelone
- Department of Psychology, Rowan University, 201 Mullica Hill Rd, Glassboro, NJ, 08028, USA
| | - Meredith C Jones
- Department of Psychology, Rowan University, 201 Mullica Hill Rd, Glassboro, NJ, 08028, USA
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22
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Malcomson FC, Parra-Soto S, Lu L, Ho F, Celis-Morales C, Sharp L, Mathers JC. Socio-demographic variation in adherence to the World Cancer Research Fund (WCRF)/American Institute for Cancer Research (AICR) Cancer Prevention Recommendations within the UK Biobank prospective cohort study. J Public Health (Oxf) 2024; 46:61-71. [PMID: 37986550 PMCID: PMC10901269 DOI: 10.1093/pubmed/fdad218] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2022] [Revised: 08/22/2023] [Accepted: 10/15/2023] [Indexed: 11/22/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The 2018 (WCRF)/American Institute for Cancer Research (AICR) Cancer Prevention Recommendations are evidence-based lifestyle recommendations which aim to reduce the risk of cancer worldwide. Sociodemographic factors modulate lifestyle behaviours, and both cancer incidence and survival are socio-economically patterned. We investigated adherence to these recommendations and examined patterns of adherence across sociodemographic subgroups in the UK Biobank cohort. METHODS We included 158 415 UK Biobank participants (mean age 56 years, 53% female). Total adherence scores were derived from dietary, physical activity and anthropometric data using the 2018 WCRF/AICR standardized scoring system. One-Way analysis of variance (ANOVA) was used to test for differences in total scores and in values for individual score components according to sociodemographic factors and Pearson's Χ2 test to investigate associations between sociodemographic factors according to tertiles of adherence score. RESULTS Mean total adherence score was 3.85 points (SD 1.05, range 0-7 points). Higher total scores were observed in females, and older (>57 years), Chinese or South Asian, and more educated participants. We found significant variations in adherence to individual recommendations by sociodemographic factors including education, Townsend deprivation index and ethnicity. CONCLUSIONS Identifying and understanding lifestyle and dietary patterns according to sociodemographic factors could help to guide public health strategies for the prevention of cancers and other non-communicable diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fiona C Malcomson
- Faculty of Medical Sciences, Human Nutrition & Exercise Research Centre, Centre for Healthier Lives, Population Health Sciences Institute, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, NE2 4HH, UK
- Faculty of Medical Sciences, Centre for Cancer, Population Health Sciences Institute, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, NE2 4HH, UK
| | - Solange Parra-Soto
- College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, School of Health and Wellbeing, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, G12 8TA, UK
- College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, School of Cardiovascular and Medical Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, G12 8TA, UK
- Department of Nutrition and Public Health, Universidad del Bío-Bío, Chillan, Chile
| | - Liya Lu
- Faculty of Medical Sciences, Centre for Cancer, Population Health Sciences Institute, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, NE2 4HH, UK
| | - Frederick Ho
- College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, School of Cardiovascular and Medical Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, G12 8TA, UK
| | - Carlos Celis-Morales
- College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, School of Health and Wellbeing, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, G12 8TA, UK
- Human Performance Lab, Education, Physical Activity and Health Research Unit, University Católica del Maule, Talca, Chile
| | - Linda Sharp
- Faculty of Medical Sciences, Centre for Cancer, Population Health Sciences Institute, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, NE2 4HH, UK
| | - John C Mathers
- Faculty of Medical Sciences, Human Nutrition & Exercise Research Centre, Centre for Healthier Lives, Population Health Sciences Institute, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, NE2 4HH, UK
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23
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Ahola J, Kekäläinen T, Kinnunen ML, Tolvanen A, Pitkänen T, Pulkkinen L, Saajanaho M, Kokko K. Stability in health behavior patterns in middle adulthood: a 19-year follow-up study. Psychol Health 2024:1-21. [PMID: 38389311 DOI: 10.1080/08870446.2024.2316676] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2023] [Accepted: 02/06/2024] [Indexed: 02/24/2024]
Abstract
Objective: This study investigated subgroups of adults with particular health behavior patterns, their stability over 19 years, and the role of sociodemographic and personality characteristics in these. Methods and Measures: Data on smoking, alcohol consumption, and physical activity were collected at ages 42, 50, and 61 in the Jyväskylä Longitudinal Study of Personality and Social Development (n = 205-302). Latent class, latent transition, and logistic regression analyses were used. Results: Four similar classes of health behaviors were identified at each age. A class named low alcohol consumption (AC)-high physical activity (PA) included individuals with the lowest levels of alcohol consumption and the highest levels of physical activity, and a class named high AC-low PA vice versa. Classes between these extremes of alcohol consumption and physical activity levels were nonsmokers with the lowest proportion of smokers, and smokers vice versa. Although transitions emerged, class memberships were relatively stable. Women, those who were married, held a degree, had higher occupational status, and certain personality traits at age 42 were more likely to belong continuously to healthier classes compared to a stable membership in high AC-low PA. Conclusion: Health behaviors exist in patterns, are relatively stable across adulthood, and associated with sociodemographic and personality characteristics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Johanna Ahola
- Gerontology Research Center and Faculty of Sport and Health Sciences, University of Jyväskylä, Jyväskylä, Finland
| | - Tiia Kekäläinen
- Gerontology Research Center and Faculty of Sport and Health Sciences, University of Jyväskylä, Jyväskylä, Finland
| | - Marja-Liisa Kinnunen
- The Wellbeing Services County of Central Finland, Jyväskylä, Finland
- School of Medicine, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Asko Tolvanen
- Department of Psychology, Faculty of Education and Psychology, University of Jyväskylä, Jyväskylä, Finland
| | | | - Lea Pulkkinen
- Department of Psychology, Faculty of Education and Psychology, University of Jyväskylä, Jyväskylä, Finland
| | - Milla Saajanaho
- Gerontology Research Center and Faculty of Sport and Health Sciences, University of Jyväskylä, Jyväskylä, Finland
- Faculty of Education and Psychology, University of Jyväskylä, Jyväskylä, Finland
| | - Katja Kokko
- Gerontology Research Center and Faculty of Sport and Health Sciences, University of Jyväskylä, Jyväskylä, Finland
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24
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Borg DJ, Haritopoulou-Sinanidou M, Gabrovska P, Tseng HW, Honeyman D, Schweitzer D, Rae KM. Barriers and facilitators for recruiting and retaining male participants into longitudinal health research: a systematic review. BMC Med Res Methodol 2024; 24:46. [PMID: 38389065 PMCID: PMC10882922 DOI: 10.1186/s12874-024-02163-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2023] [Accepted: 01/28/2024] [Indexed: 02/24/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Successfully recruiting male participants to complete a healthcare related study is important for healthcare study completion and to advance our clinical knowledgebase. To date, most research studies have examined the barriers and facilitators of female participants in longitudinal healthcare-related studies with limited information available about the needs of males in longitudinal research. This systematic review examines the unique barriers and facilitators to male recruitment across longitudinal healthcare-related research studies. METHODS Following PRIMSA guidelines, MEDLINE, Embase, CINAHL and Web of Science databases were systematically searched using the terms recruitment and/or retention, facilitators and/or barriers and longitudinal studies from 1900 to 2023 which contained separate data on males aged 17-59 years. Health studies or interventions were defined longitudinal if they were greater than or equal to 12 weeks in duration with 3 separate data collection visits. RESULTS Twenty-four articles published from 1976-2023 met the criteria. One-third of the studies had a predominantly male sample and four studies recruited only male participants. Males appear disinterested towards participation in health research, however this lack of enthusiasm can be overcome by clear, non-directive communication, and studies that support the participants interests. Facilitating factors are diverse and may require substantial time from research teams. CONCLUSIONS Future research should focus on the specific impact of these factors across the spectrum of longitudinal health-related studies. Based on the findings of this systematic review, researchers from longitudinal health-related clinical trials are encouraged to consider male-specific recruitment strategies to ensure successful recruitment and retention in their studies. REGISTRATION This systemic review is registered with the PROSPERO database (CRD42021254696).
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Affiliation(s)
- Danielle J Borg
- Pregnancy and Development Group, Mater Research - The University of Queensland, Aubigny Place, South Brisbane, 4101, Australia
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Queensland, Herston, 4006, Australia
| | | | - Pam Gabrovska
- Indigenous Health Group, Mater Research Institute - The University of Queensland, Aubigny Place, South Brisbane, 4101, Australia
| | - Hsu-Wen Tseng
- Stem Cell Biology Group, Mater Research Institute - The University of Queensland, Translational Research Institute, 37 Kent Street, Woolloongabba, QLD, 4102, Australia
| | - David Honeyman
- Library, University of Queensland, St Lucia, 4072, Australia
| | - Daniel Schweitzer
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Queensland, Herston, 4006, Australia
- Department of Neurology, Mater Health, South Brisbane, 4101, Australia
| | - Kym M Rae
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Queensland, Herston, 4006, Australia.
- Indigenous Health Group, Mater Research Institute - The University of Queensland, Aubigny Place, South Brisbane, 4101, Australia.
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25
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Lim SX, Lim CGY, Müller-Riemenschneider F, van Dam RM, Sim X, Chong MFF, Chia A. Development and validation of a lifestyle risk index to screen for metabolic syndrome and its components in two multi-ethnic cohorts. Prev Med 2024; 179:107821. [PMID: 38122937 DOI: 10.1016/j.ypmed.2023.107821] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2023] [Revised: 11/23/2023] [Accepted: 12/11/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Metabolic syndrome (MetS) is a precursor to cardiovascular diseases and type 2 diabetes. Existing MetS prediction models relied heavily on biochemical measures and those based on non-invasive predictors such as lifestyle behaviours were limited. We aim to (1) develop a weighted lifestyle risk index for MetS and (2) externally validate this index using two Asian-based cohorts in Singapore. METHODS Using data from the Multi-Ethnic Cohort (MEC) 1 (n = 2873, 41% male), multiple logistic regression was used to identify predictors associated with MetS. A weighted lifestyle risk index was generated using coefficients of the selected predictors in the development cohort (MEC1). Subsequently, the performance of the lifestyle risk index in predicting the occurrence of MetS within 10 years was assessed by discrimination and calibration in an external validation cohort (MEC2) (n = 6070, 43% male). RESULTS A lifestyle risk index for MetS with nine predictors was developed (age, sex, ethnicity, having a family history of diabetes, BMI, diet, physical activity, smoking status, and screen time). This index demonstrated acceptable discrimination in the development cohort [AUC (95% CI) = 0.74 (0.71, 0.76)] and the validation cohort [AUC (95% CI) = 0.79 (0.77, 0.81)]. CONCLUSION This lifestyle risk index exhibits potential for risk stratification in population-based screening programmes. Future research could apply a similar methodology to develop disease-specific lifestyle risk indices using nationwide registry-based data.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shan Xuan Lim
- Saw Swee Hock School of Public Health, National University of Singapore and National University Health System, Singapore.
| | - Charlie Guan Yi Lim
- Saw Swee Hock School of Public Health, National University of Singapore and National University Health System, Singapore
| | - Falk Müller-Riemenschneider
- Saw Swee Hock School of Public Health, National University of Singapore and National University Health System, Singapore; Digital Health Centre, Berlin Institute of Health, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Rob M van Dam
- Saw Swee Hock School of Public Health, National University of Singapore and National University Health System, Singapore; Department of Exercise and Nutrition Sciences, Milken Institute School of Public Health, The George Washington University, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Xueling Sim
- Saw Swee Hock School of Public Health, National University of Singapore and National University Health System, Singapore
| | - Mary Foong-Fong Chong
- Saw Swee Hock School of Public Health, National University of Singapore and National University Health System, Singapore
| | - Airu Chia
- Saw Swee Hock School of Public Health, National University of Singapore and National University Health System, Singapore.
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26
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Suhag A, Webb TL, Holmes J. Longitudinal clustering of health behaviours and their association with multimorbidity in older adults in England: A latent class analysis. PLoS One 2024; 19:e0297422. [PMID: 38271435 PMCID: PMC10810435 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0297422] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2023] [Accepted: 01/04/2024] [Indexed: 01/27/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Health-risk behaviours such as smoking, unhealthy nutrition, alcohol consumption, and physical inactivity (termed SNAP behaviours) are leading risk factors for multimorbidity and tend to cluster (i.e. occur in specific combinations within distinct subpopulations). However, little is known about how these clusters change with age in older adults, and whether and how cluster membership is associated with multimorbidity. METHODS Repeated measures latent class analysis using data from Waves 4-8 of the English Longitudinal Study of Ageing (ELSA; n = 4759) identified clusters of respondents with common patterns of SNAP behaviours over time. Disease status (from Wave 9) was used to assess disorders of eight body systems, multimorbidity, and complex multimorbidity. Multinomial and binomial logistic regressions were used to examine how clusters were associated with socio-demographic characteristics and disease status. FINDINGS Seven clusters were identified: Low-risk (13.4%), Low-risk yet inactive (16.8%), Low-risk yet heavy drinkers (11.4%), Abstainer yet inactive (20.0%), Poor diet and inactive (12.9%), Inactive, heavy drinkers (14.5%), and High-risk smokers (10.9%). There was little evidence that these clusters changed with age. People in the clusters characterised by physical inactivity (in combination with other risky behaviours) had lower levels of education and wealth. People in the heavy drinking clusters were predominantly male. Compared to other clusters, people in the Low-risk and Low-risk yet heavy drinkers had a lower prevalence of all health conditions studied. In contrast, the Abstainer but inactive cluster comprised mostly women and had the highest prevalence of multimorbidity, complex multimorbidity, and endocrine disorders. High-risk smokers were most likely to have respiratory disorders. CONCLUSIONS Health-risk behaviours tend to be stable as people age and so ought to be addressed early. We identified seven clusters of older adults with distinct patterns of behaviour, socio-demographic characteristics and multimorbidity prevalence. Intervention developers could use this information to identify high-risk subpopulations and tailor interventions to their behaviour patterns and socio-demographic profiles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alisha Suhag
- Healthy Lifespan Institute, School of Health and Related Research, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, United Kingdom
| | - Thomas L. Webb
- Department of Psychology, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, United Kingdom
| | - John Holmes
- School of Health and Related Research, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, United Kingdom
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27
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Mon AS, Win HH, Sandar WP, Walton P, Swe KH, Vervoort JPM, Landsman JA, Rusnak M, Koot JAR. Co-occurrence of behavioural risk factors for non-communicable diseases among 40-year and above aged community members in three regions of Myanmar. OPEN RESEARCH EUROPE 2024; 3:77. [PMID: 38357680 PMCID: PMC10864818 DOI: 10.12688/openreseurope.15859.2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/05/2024] [Indexed: 02/16/2024]
Abstract
Background Risky behaviours such as smoking, alcohol consumption, physical inactivity and inadequate consumption of fruits and vegetables are known contributing factors for non-communicable diseases (NCDs) which account for 74% of global mortality. Such behavioural risk factors co-occur frequently resulting in synergistic action for developing NCD related morbidity and mortality. This study aims to assess the existence of multiple risk behaviours and determine the socio-economic and demographic factors associated with co-occurrence of behavioural risks among Myanmar adult population. Method Data were collected, in the context of the SUNI-SEA project (Scaling Up NCD interventions in Southeast Asia), from 660 community members aged 40 years and above of both sexes, residing in selected urban and rural areas from Ayeyawaddy, Yangon and Mandalay regions of Myanmar. The co-occurrence of behavioural risk factors was presented as percentage with 95% CI and its determinants were identified by multinomial logistic regression. Results The co-occurrence of two risk behaviours and three or four risk behaviours were found in 40% (95% CI: 36.2%, 43.9%) and 10.8% (95% CI: 8.5%, 13.4%) respectively. Urban residents, men, participants without formal schooling and unemployed persons were more likely to exhibit co-occurrence of two risk behaviors and three or four risk behaviours. Conclusion The current study shows high prevalence of co-occurrence of behavioural risk factors among Myanmar adults in the study area. NCD prevention and control programs emphasizing management of behavioural risks should be intensively promoted, particularly directed towards multiple behavioural risk factors, and not focused on individual factors only.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aye Sandar Mon
- Department of Biostatistics and Medical Demography, University of Public Health, Yangon, Yangon, Yangon, 11011, Myanmar
| | - Hla Hla Win
- University of Public Health, Yangon, Yangon, Yangon, 11011, Myanmar
| | - Win Pa Sandar
- SUNI-SEA project, HelpAge International Myanmar, Yangon, Yangon, 11011, Myanmar
| | - Poppy Walton
- SUNI-SEA project, HelpAge International Myanmar, Yangon, Yangon, 11011, Myanmar
| | - Khin Hnin Swe
- SUNI-SEA project, HelpAge International Myanmar, Yangon, Yangon, 11011, Myanmar
| | - Johanna P. M. Vervoort
- Global Health Unit, Department of Health Sciences, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, 9713 AV, The Netherlands
| | - Jeanet A. Landsman
- Department of Health Science, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, 9700 RB, The Netherlands
| | - Martin Rusnak
- Department of Public Health, Faculty of Health Care and Social Work, University of Trnava, Trnava, Slovakia
| | - Jaap A. R. Koot
- Global Health Unit, Department of Health Sciences, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, 9713 AV, The Netherlands
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Béjar LM, Mesa-Rodríguez P, García-Perea MD. Short-Term Effect of a Health Promotion Intervention Based on the Electronic 12-Hour Dietary Recall (e-12HR) Smartphone App on Adherence to the Mediterranean Diet Among Spanish Primary Care Professionals: Randomized Controlled Clinical Trial. JMIR Mhealth Uhealth 2024; 12:e49302. [PMID: 38190226 PMCID: PMC10804253 DOI: 10.2196/49302] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2023] [Revised: 09/14/2023] [Accepted: 12/20/2023] [Indexed: 01/09/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The World Health Organization has called for addressing the growing burden of noncommunicable diseases (NCDs) by promoting healthy lifestyles among the population. Regarding patient health, primary care professionals (PCPs) are the first line of care who can positively influence patients' behavior and lifestyle habits. However, a significant percentage of PCPs do not lead a healthy lifestyle. Therefore, addressing their health behaviors may be the key to substantially increasing health promotion advice in general practice. The Mediterranean diet has been extensively studied, and there is strong evidence of it being a dietary pattern for the prevention of NCDs, in addition to its significant environmental, sociocultural, and local economics benefits. OBJECTIVE This study focused only on the dietary aspect of the PCPs' lifestyle. The primary objective was to evaluate the effect of using the Electronic 12-Hour Dietary Recall (e-12HR) smartphone app to improve diet, specifically to promote adherence to the Mediterranean diet (AMD), among PCPs. The secondary objectives were to establish the usability of the e-12HR app and to determine AMD among PCPs. METHODS An individual-level randomized, controlled, and single-blind clinical trial was conducted with 2 parallel groups: a control group (CG), using the nonfeedback version of the e-12HR app, and an intervention group (IG), using the feedback version of the e-12HR app. The level of human involvement was fully automated through the use of the app. There was a 28-day follow-up period. Participants were PCPs (medicine or nursing) recruited offline at one of the selected primary care centers (Andalusia, Spain, Southern Europe), of both sexes, over 18 years old, possessing a smartphone, and having smartphone literacy. RESULTS The study response rate was 73% (71 of 97 PCPs), with 27 (38%) women and 44 (62%) men: 40 (56%) PCPs in the CG and 31 (44%) in the IG. At baseline, AMD was medium (mean Mediterranean Diet Serving Score [MDSS] index 9.45, range 0-24), with 47 (66%) PCPs with a medium/high MDSS index. There were significant statistical improvements (CG vs IG, in favor of the IG) at week 4 (no significant statistical differences at baseline): +25.6% for the MDSS index (P=.002) and +213.1% for the percentage with a medium/high MDSS index (P=.001). In relation to specific food groups, there were significant statistical improvements for fruits (+33.8%, P=.02), vegetables (+352%, P=.001), nuts (+184%, P=.02), and legumes (+75.1%, P=.03). The responses to the usability rating questionnaire were satisfactory. CONCLUSIONS The results support recommending the use of the e-12HR app as a tool to contribute to improving diet and preventing NCDs among PCPs, while positively influencing patient dietary behavior and preventing diet-related NCDs among patients. TRIAL REGISTRATION ClinicalTrials.gov NCT05532137; https://clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT05532137.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luis María Béjar
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, Institute of Anatomy, School of Medicine, University of Seville, Seville, Spain
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Buja A, Lo Bue R, Mariotti F, Miatton A, Zampieri C, Leone G. Promotion of Physical Activity Among University Students With Social Media Or Text Messaging: A Systematic Review. INQUIRY : A JOURNAL OF MEDICAL CARE ORGANIZATION, PROVISION AND FINANCING 2024; 61:469580241248131. [PMID: 38742671 PMCID: PMC11095173 DOI: 10.1177/00469580241248131] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2024] [Revised: 03/27/2024] [Accepted: 03/29/2024] [Indexed: 05/16/2024]
Abstract
Regular physical exercise lowers the risk of all-cause mortality and various chronic diseases. New technologies, such as smartphones and social media, have been used successfully as health promotion tools in college populations. The purpose of this study was to conduct a systematic review of studies examining the effectiveness of interventions that used modern technologies, as with social media or text messaging, to promote physical activity or reducing sedentary behavior in college students. The systematic review was conducted on the PubMed and SCOPUS databases, considering studies published from 2012 to 2022. For a total of 19 articles selected, an evidence table was drawn up, and the quality of the studies was assessed using the PRISMA checklist. The interventions differed enormously in design, from the strategies implemented to the types of outcome considered. Fifteen of the 19 studies demonstrated an improvement in participants' physical activity levels, 3 studies found no such improvement, and 1 reported a worsening of baseline activity levels. Interventions to improve college students' physical activity levels through the use of social media and/or text messaging tend to be effective. However, many factors can influence the effectiveness of such interventions. For example, a gender-related difference emerged in student participation, and the interventions proved more effective if they were accompanied by the creation of social groups.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alessandra Buja
- Department of Cardiological, Thoracic and Vascular Sciences, and Public Health, University of Padua, Padua, Italy
| | - Roberta Lo Bue
- Department of Cardiological, Thoracic and Vascular Sciences, and Public Health, University of Padua, Padua, Italy
| | - Federico Mariotti
- Department of Cardiological, Thoracic and Vascular Sciences, and Public Health, University of Padua, Padua, Italy
| | - Andrea Miatton
- Department of Cardiological, Thoracic and Vascular Sciences, and Public Health, University of Padua, Padua, Italy
| | - Chiara Zampieri
- Department of Cardiological, Thoracic and Vascular Sciences, and Public Health, University of Padua, Padua, Italy
| | - Giovanni Leone
- Department of Cardiological, Thoracic and Vascular Sciences, and Public Health, University of Padua, Padua, Italy
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Burton R, Fryers PT, Sharpe C, Clarke Z, Henn C, Hydes T, Marsden J, Pearce-Smith N, Sheron N. The independent and joint risks of alcohol consumption, smoking, and excess weight on morbidity and mortality: a systematic review and meta-analysis exploring synergistic associations. Public Health 2024; 226:39-52. [PMID: 38000113 DOI: 10.1016/j.puhe.2023.10.035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2023] [Revised: 10/17/2023] [Accepted: 10/18/2023] [Indexed: 11/26/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Alcohol consumption, smoking, and excess weight independently increase the risk of morbidity/mortality. Less is known about how they interact. This research aims to quantify the independent and joint associations of these exposures across health outcomes and identify whether these associations are synergistic. STUDY DESIGN The protocol for this systematic review and meta-analysis was pre-registered (PROSPERO CRD42021231443). METHODS Medline and Embase were searched between 1 January 2010 and 9 February 2022. Eligible peer-reviewed observational studies had to include adult participants from Organisation for Co-Operation and Development countries and report independent and joint associations between at least two eligible exposures (alcohol, smoking, and excess weight) and an ICD-10 outcome (or equivalent). For all estimates, we calculated the synergy index (SI) to identify whether joint associations were synergistic. Meta-analyses were conducted for outcomes with sufficiently homogenous data. RESULTS The search returned 26,290 studies, of which 98 were included. Based on 138,130 participants, the combined effect (SI) of alcohol and smoking on head and neck cancer death/disease was 3.78 times greater than the additive effect of each exposure (95% confidence interval [CI] = 2.61, 5.48). Based on 2,603,939 participants, the combined effect of alcohol and excess weight on liver disease/death was 1.55 times greater than the additive effect of each exposure (95% CI = 1.33, 1.82). CONCLUSION Synergistic associations suggest the true population-level risk may be underestimated. In the absence of bias, individuals with multiple risks would experience a greater absolute risk reduction from an intervention that targets a single exposure than individuals with a single risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Burton
- Office for Health Improvement and Disparities (OHID), London, England, United Kingdom; Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology, and Neuroscience, Kings College London, London, England, United Kingdom.
| | - P T Fryers
- Office for Health Improvement and Disparities (OHID), London, England, United Kingdom
| | - C Sharpe
- Office for Health Improvement and Disparities (OHID), London, England, United Kingdom
| | - Z Clarke
- Office for Health Improvement and Disparities (OHID), London, England, United Kingdom
| | - C Henn
- Office for Health Improvement and Disparities (OHID), London, England, United Kingdom
| | - T Hydes
- Department of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Medicine, Institute of Life Course and Medical Sciences, University Hospital Aintree NHS Foundation Trust, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, England, United Kingdom
| | - J Marsden
- Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology, and Neuroscience, Kings College London, London, England, United Kingdom
| | - N Pearce-Smith
- Knowledge and Library Services, UK Health Security Agency, London, England, United Kingdom
| | - N Sheron
- Office for Health Improvement and Disparities (OHID), London, England, United Kingdom; Institute of Liver Studies, Kings College London School of Medicine at King's College Hospital, London, England, United Kingdom
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Foster HM, Polz P, Gill JM, Celis-Morales C, Mair FS, O'Donnell CA. The influence of socioeconomic status on the association between unhealthy lifestyle factors and adverse health outcomes: a systematic review. Wellcome Open Res 2023; 8:55. [PMID: 38533439 PMCID: PMC10964004 DOI: 10.12688/wellcomeopenres.18708.2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 12/04/2023] [Indexed: 03/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Combinations of lifestyle factors (LFs) and socioeconomic status (SES) are independently associated with cardiovascular disease (CVD), cancer, and mortality. Less advantaged SES groups may be disproportionately vulnerable to unhealthy LFs but interactions between LFs and SES remain poorly understood. This review aimed to synthesise the available evidence for whether and how SES modifies associations between combinations of LFs and adverse health outcomes. Methods Systematic review of studies that examine associations between combinations of >3 LFs (eg.smoking/physical activity/diet) and health outcomes and report data on SES (eg.income/education/poverty-index) influences on associations. Databases (PubMed/EMBASE/CINAHL), references, forward citations, and grey-literature were searched from inception to December 2021. Eligibility criteria were analyses of prospective adult cohorts that examined all-cause mortality or CVD/cancer mortality/incidence. Results Six studies (n=42,467-399,537; 46.5-56.8 years old; 54.6-59.3% women) of five cohorts were included. All examined all-cause mortality; three assessed CVD/cancer outcomes. Four studies observed multiplicative interactions between LFs and SES, but in opposing directions. Two studies tested for additive interactions; interactions were observed in one cohort (UK Biobank) and not in another (National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES)). All-cause mortality HRs (95% confidence intervals) for unhealthy LFs (versus healthy LFs) from the most advantaged SES groups ranged from 0.68 (0.32-1.45) to 4.17 (2.27-7.69). Equivalent estimates from the least advantaged ranged from 1.30 (1.13-1.50) to 4.00 (2.22-7.14). In 19 analyses (including sensitivity analyses) of joint associations between LFs, SES, and all-cause mortality, highest all-cause mortality was observed in the unhealthiest LF-least advantaged suggesting an additive effect. Conclusions Limited and heterogenous literature suggests that the influence of SES on associations between combinations of unhealthy LFs and adverse health could be additive but remains unclear. Additional prospective analyses would help clarify whether SES modifies associations between combinations of unhealthy LFs and health outcomes. Registration Protocol is registered with PROSPERO (CRD42020172588;25 June 2020).
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Affiliation(s)
- Hamish M.E. Foster
- General Practice and Primary Care, School of Health and Wellbeing, College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, Scotland, G12 9LX, UK
| | - Peter Polz
- General Practice and Primary Care, School of Health and Wellbeing, College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, Scotland, G12 9LX, UK
| | - Jason M.R. Gill
- School of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Health, College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, Scoland, G12 8TA, UK
| | - Carlos Celis-Morales
- School of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Health, College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, Scoland, G12 8TA, UK
| | - Frances S. Mair
- General Practice and Primary Care, School of Health and Wellbeing, College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, Scotland, G12 9LX, UK
| | - Catherine A. O'Donnell
- General Practice and Primary Care, School of Health and Wellbeing, College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, Scotland, G12 9LX, UK
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Liu X, Zhang L, Chang H, Chen M, Huang Y. Association between living arrangements and health risk behaviors among the Hakka older adults in Fujian, China. BMC Public Health 2023; 23:2384. [PMID: 38041027 PMCID: PMC10691027 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-023-17107-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2023] [Accepted: 10/30/2023] [Indexed: 12/03/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Behavioral lifestyles are important social determinants of health. The impact of changes in living arrangements on behavioral lifestyles is currently under-explored. This study aims to examine the association between living arrangements and health risk behaviors among the Hakka older adults. METHODS Data were extracted from China's Health-Related Quality of Life Survey for Older Adults 2018. Living arrangements were divided into five categories: living alone, living with spouse only, living with child, mixed habitation, and others. Five health risk behaviors, including unhealthy dietary patterns, drinking, smoking, irregular sleep practices, and physical inactivity were measured. Logistic regression analysis was used to assess the association between living arrangements and specific health risk behaviors, and generalized linear models were established to test the association between living arrangements and the number of health risk behaviors. RESULTS A total of 1,262 Hakka older adults were included in this study. Compared to those living alone, those living with spouse only were less likely to have unhealthy dietary patterns (OR = 0.45, P < 0.05) and drinking (OR = 0.50, P < 0.05), those living with the child were less likely to experience unhealthy dietary patterns (OR = 0.35, P < 0.001), drinking (OR = 0.32, P < 0.001), smoking (OR = 0.49, P < 0.05), and physical inactivity (OR = 0.13, P < 0.01). Moreover, those who were living with child (β = -0.78, P < 0.001) or mixed habitation (β = -0.33, P < 0.05) tended to engage in fewer health risk behaviors than those living alone. CONCLUSIONS This study suggests significant differences in health risk behaviors among the Hakka older adults with different living arrangements. Living with the child could reduce the occurrence of health risk behaviors in the Hakka older adults and thus maintain their health status.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaojun Liu
- Department of Health Management, School of Health Management, Fujian Medical University, 350122, Fuzhou, Fujian, China
| | - Lingling Zhang
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Fujian Medical University, 350122, Fuzhou, Fujian, China
| | - Huajing Chang
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Fujian Medical University, 350122, Fuzhou, Fujian, China
| | - Mengshi Chen
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Clinical Epidemiology, Xiangya School of Public Health, Central South University, 410078, Changsha, Hunan, China.
| | - Yimin Huang
- Department of Health Management, School of Health Management, Fujian Medical University, 350122, Fuzhou, Fujian, China.
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Palzes VA, Chi FW, Weisner C, Kline-Simon AH, Satre DD, Sterling S. Risk profiles of adults with heavy alcohol use: Drinking patterns, behavioral and metabolic factors, health problems, and racial and ethnic disparities. ALCOHOL, CLINICAL & EXPERIMENTAL RESEARCH 2023; 47:2301-2312. [PMID: 38151789 PMCID: PMC10755251 DOI: 10.1111/acer.15211] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2023] [Revised: 10/13/2023] [Accepted: 10/13/2023] [Indexed: 12/29/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Heavy alcohol use is a growing risk factor for chronic disease, yet little is known about its co-occurrence with other risk factors and health problems. This study aimed to identify risk profiles of adults with heavy alcohol use and examined potential disparities by race and ethnicity. METHODS This cross-sectional study included 211,333 adults with heavy alcohol use (in excess of daily or weekly limits recommended by National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism) between June 1, 2013 and December 31, 2014 in Kaiser Permanente Northern California. Latent class analysis was used to examine how heavy drinking patterns clustered with other behavioral and metabolic risk factors and health problems to form risk profiles. Multinomial logistic regression models were fit to examine associations between race, ethnicity, and risk profiles. RESULTS A 5-class model was selected as best fitting the data and representing clinically meaningful risk profiles: (1) "heavy daily drinking and lower health risks" (DAILY, 44.3%); (2) "substance use disorder and mental health disorder" (SUD/MH, 2.3%); (3) "heavy weekly drinking and lower health risks" (WEEKLY, 19.6%); (4) "heavy daily drinking and more health risks" (DAILY-R, 18.5%); (5) "heavy weekly drinking and more health risks" (WEEKLY-R, 15.3%). American Indian or Alaska Native (AIAN) and Black patients had higher odds than White patients of being in the SUD/MH, DAILY-R, and WEEKLY-R profiles than the DAILY profile. AIAN, Black, and Latino/Hispanic patients had higher odds than White patients of being in the SUD/MH, DAILY-R, and WEEKLY-R profiles rather than the WEEKLY profile. CONCLUSIONS AIAN, Black, and Latino/Hispanic patients with self-reported heavy drinking were more likely to be in risk profiles with greater alcohol consumption, more health risks, and higher morbidity. Targeted, culturally appropriate interventions for heavy alcohol use that may address other modifiable risk factors are needed to work towards health equity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vanessa A. Palzes
- Center for Addiction and Mental Health Research, Division of Research, Kaiser Permanente Northern California, 2000 Broadway, Oakland, CA, 94612-2304
| | - Felicia W. Chi
- Center for Addiction and Mental Health Research, Division of Research, Kaiser Permanente Northern California, 2000 Broadway, Oakland, CA, 94612-2304
| | - Constance Weisner
- Center for Addiction and Mental Health Research, Division of Research, Kaiser Permanente Northern California, 2000 Broadway, Oakland, CA, 94612-2304
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Weill Institute for Neurosciences, University of California, San Francisco, 675 18 Street, San Francisco, CA 94107
| | - Andrea H. Kline-Simon
- Center for Addiction and Mental Health Research, Division of Research, Kaiser Permanente Northern California, 2000 Broadway, Oakland, CA, 94612-2304
| | - Derek D. Satre
- Center for Addiction and Mental Health Research, Division of Research, Kaiser Permanente Northern California, 2000 Broadway, Oakland, CA, 94612-2304
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Weill Institute for Neurosciences, University of California, San Francisco, 675 18 Street, San Francisco, CA 94107
| | - Stacy Sterling
- Center for Addiction and Mental Health Research, Division of Research, Kaiser Permanente Northern California, 2000 Broadway, Oakland, CA, 94612-2304
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Weill Institute for Neurosciences, University of California, San Francisco, 675 18 Street, San Francisco, CA 94107
- Department of Health Systems Science, Kaiser Permanente Bernard J. Tyson School of Medicine
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Miki T, Yamamoto K, Kanai M, Takeyama K, Iwatake M, Hagiwara Y. Identifying Clusters of Health Behaviors in a Japanese Working Population at Risk for Non-Communicable Diseases: A Latent Class Analysis of 12,168 Individuals. SSM Popul Health 2023; 24:101539. [PMID: 37927815 PMCID: PMC10622680 DOI: 10.1016/j.ssmph.2023.101539] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2023] [Revised: 09/14/2023] [Accepted: 10/13/2023] [Indexed: 11/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Noncommunicable diseases (NCDs) have become a significant global problem. Health behaviors are associated with NCDs, and characterizing populations using a public health approach can help provide specific interventions according to their characteristics. This study aims to examine the formation of clusters of health behavior combinations in the Japanese working population at risk of NCDs, taking into account the influences of age and gender, using latent class analysis. Methods Participants were individuals at risk for NCDs but had not previously been diagnosed with any. Latent class analysis (LCA) was used to study clustering based on basic characteristics and health behaviors. All statistical analyses were conducted using R (Version 4.0.4) and the "poLCA" package (Version 1.6.0). Results This study included 12,168 participants. LCA compared models with one to six latent classes. The five-class model was determined to be the most appropriate based on Bayesian Information Criterion, Akaike Information Criterion, and G^2 values, as well as distinguishable cluster characteristics. Cluster 1: "having healthy lifestyles but disliking hospitals"; Cluster 2: "women with healthy lifestyle behaviors"; Cluster 3: "general population"; Cluster 4: "middle-aged group in need of lifestyle improvement"; Cluster 5: "a group receiving treatment for lifestyle-related diseases." Conclusions This study reveals discernible health behavior patterns in a sample of the Japanese population using large real-world data, suggesting the effectiveness of distinct approaches when considering a population approach to public health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takahiro Miki
- PREVENT Inc
- Graduate School of Rehabilitation Science, Saitama Prefectural University, Japan
| | | | - Masashi Kanai
- PREVENT Inc
- College of Transdisciplinary Sciences for Innovation, Kanazawa University, Japan
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Anderson AR, Ostermiller L. The clustering of lifestyle behaviors in U.S. college students: a network approach. JOURNAL OF AMERICAN COLLEGE HEALTH : J OF ACH 2023:1-11. [PMID: 38039416 DOI: 10.1080/07448481.2023.2283740] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2023] [Accepted: 11/03/2023] [Indexed: 12/03/2023]
Abstract
Objective: College student mental health has been decreasing and lifestyle factors may be an important factor in improving mental health. These behaviors may cluster together in complex ways, which could impact the success of lifestyle interventions. Participants: Two samples of U.S. undergraduate college students were drawn from the American College Health Association's National College Health Assessment (NCHA). The data were collected in Fall of 2019 (N = 30,075) and Spring of 2021 (N = 70,059). Methods: Students responded to various health and well-being related questions. Network models were used to examine how lifestyle behaviors cluster together and additional models contained both lifestyle behaviors and health and well-being outcomes. Results: Lifestyle clustering was found, and some similar patterns were seen across time periods and across levels of psychological distress. Conclusions: Individual lifestyle behaviors exist within a complex lifestyle network, which may need to be accounted for in lifestyle interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Austen R Anderson
- School of Psychology, University of Southern Mississippi, Hattiesburg, Mississippi, USA
| | - Lindsey Ostermiller
- School of Psychology, University of Southern Mississippi, Hattiesburg, Mississippi, USA
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Thøgersen-Ntoumani C, Gucciardi DF, McVeigh JA, O'Sullivan TA, Dontje M, Stamatakis E, Eastwood PR, Straker L. Health behaviour profiles in young Australian adults in relation to physical and mental health: The Raine Study. Health Promot J Austr 2023. [PMID: 37968787 DOI: 10.1002/hpja.828] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2022] [Revised: 10/30/2023] [Accepted: 11/01/2023] [Indexed: 11/17/2023] Open
Abstract
ISSUES ADDRESSED We aimed to identify latent health behaviour profiles of young adults and examine their associations with physical and mental health outcomes. We also characterised the profiles by socio-demographic characteristics. METHODS Data were collected between 2012 and 2014. Participants (N = 476) were young adults (M age [SD] = 22.1 [.57] years) from Generation 2 of the Raine Study longitudinal cohort. Health behaviours were measured via ActiGraph GT3X waist monitors (physical activity, sedentary behaviour) and questionnaires (diet quality, alcohol, smoking and sleep). Physical and mental health were measured using clinical health assessments, blood biomarkers, and questionnaires. Latent Profile Analysis using Mplus (8.2) was employed to identify profiles. RESULTS Four latent profiles were identified: 'heavy drinkers with moderately unhealthy eating habits' (high takeaway foods; n = 135), 'unhealthy food abstainers' (low takeaway foods; n = 138), 'moderately sedentary alcohol abstainers' (n = 139) and 'physically active drinkers with unhealthy eating habits' (high takeaway foods and sugary drinks; n = 64). 'Physically active drinkers with unhealthy eating habits' had the poorest (physical and mental) health outcomes, yet the lowest insulin resistance. 'Unhealthy food abstainers' had the most favourable health outcomes (adiposity, health perceptions, blood pressure). Sex differed among the profiles. CONCLUSIONS The profiles identified among young adults are different to profiles with general adult populations. A novel finding was that 'physically active drinkers with unhealthy eating habits' had low insulin resistance. The findings also suggest that future interventions may need to be sex specific. SO WHAT Our findings suggest that health behaviour interventions for young adults should be targeted to distinct profile characteristics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cecilie Thøgersen-Ntoumani
- Danish Centre for Motivation and Behaviour Science, Department of Sports Science and Clinical Biomechanics, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
- Curtin School of Population Health, Curtin University, Perth, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Daniel F Gucciardi
- Curtin School of Allied Health, Curtin University, Perth, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Joanne A McVeigh
- Curtin School of Allied Health, Curtin University, Perth, Western Australia, Australia
- Movement Physiology Laboratory, School of Physiology, University of Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa
| | - Therese A O'Sullivan
- School of Medical and Health Science, Edith Cowan University, Perth, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Manon Dontje
- Department of Rehabilitation, Physical Therapy Science and Sports, UMC Utrecht Brain Centre, Utrecht, The Netherlands
- Centre of Excellence for Rehabilitation Medicine, UMC Utrecht Brain Centre, University Medical Centre Utrecht, and de Hoogstraat Rehabilitation, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Emmanuel Stamatakis
- Faculty of Medicine and Health, School of Health Sciences, Charles Perkins Centre, University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Peter R Eastwood
- Health Futures Institute, Murdoch University, Perth, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Leon Straker
- Curtin School of Allied Health, Curtin University, Perth, Western Australia, Australia
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Jenkins K, Phipps DJ, Rhodes RE, Buchan J, Hamilton K. Dual processing approach to sedentary behavior and physical activity in the workplace. Appl Psychol Health Well Being 2023; 15:1352-1371. [PMID: 36939033 DOI: 10.1111/aphw.12440] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2022] [Accepted: 02/15/2023] [Indexed: 03/21/2023]
Abstract
Regular physical activity is an important health promoting behavior. Yet, many adults live sedentary lifestyles, especially during their workday. The current study applies an extended theory of planned behavior model, incorporating affective attitudes and instrumental attitudes, along with habit, to predict limiting sedentary behavior and physical activity within an office environment. Theory of planned behavior constructs and habit were assessed with an online survey on a sample of 180 full-time office workers, with self-reported behavior assessed 1 week later (Mage = 25.97, SDage = 10.24; 44 males, 134 females, and 2 nonbinary). Model fit was indicated by BRMSEA (M = 0.057, SD = 0.023), B γ^ (M = 0.984, SD = 0.010) and BCFI (M = 0.959, SD = 0.026), accounting for 46.1% of variance in intention, 21.6% of variance in sedentary behavior, and 17.4% of variance in physical activity behavior. A Bayesian structural equation model revealed direct effects of instrumental attitudes and perceived behavioral control on intention to limit sedentary behavior, direct effects of intention and perceived behavioral control on limiting sedentary behavior, and direct effects of perceived behavioral control and habit on engaging in physical activity. The current study indicates intentions to be active in the office are primarily driven by beliefs about the benefits of activity and individuals' perceived level of control, rather than normative or affective beliefs. As behavior was predicted by both intention and habit, findings also indicate office-based activity is likely not always a consciously driven decision. These findings may have implications for improving activity levels in this highly sedentary population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kailas Jenkins
- School of Applied Psychology, Griffith University, Mt Gravatt, Queensland, Australia
- Menzies Health Institute Queensland, Gold Coast, Queensland, Australia
| | - Daniel J Phipps
- School of Applied Psychology, Griffith University, Mt Gravatt, Queensland, Australia
- Faculty of Sport and Health Sciences, University of Jyväskylä, Jyväskylä, Finland
| | - Ryan E Rhodes
- School of Exercise Science, Physical and Health Education, University of Victoria, Victoria, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Jena Buchan
- Faculty of Health, Southern Cross University, Coolangatta, Queensland, Australia
| | - Kyra Hamilton
- School of Applied Psychology, Griffith University, Mt Gravatt, Queensland, Australia
- Menzies Health Institute Queensland, Gold Coast, Queensland, Australia
- Health Sciences Research Institute, University of California-Merced, Merced, California, USA
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Li J, Fong DYT, Lok KYW, Wong JYH, Ho MM, Choi EPH, Pandian V, Davidson PM, Duan W, Tarrant M, Lee JJ, Lin CC, Akingbade O, Alabdulwahhab KM, Ahmad MS, Alboraie M, Alzahrani MA, Bilimale AS, Boonpatcharanon S, Byiringiro S, Hasan MKC, Schettini LC, Corzo W, De Leon JM, De Leon AS, Deek H, Efficace F, El Nayal MA, El-Raey F, Ensaldo-Carrasco E, Escotorin P, Fadodun OA, Fawole IO, Goh YSS, Irawan D, Khan NE, Koirala B, Krishna A, Kwok C, Le TT, Leal DG, Lezana-Fernández MÁ, Manirambona E, Mantoani LC, Meneses-González F, Mohamed IE, Mukeshimana M, Nguyen CTM, Nguyen HTT, Nguyen KT, Nguyen ST, Nurumal MS, Nzabonimana A, Omer NAMA, Ogungbe O, Poon ACY, Reséndiz-Rodriguez A, Puang-Ngern B, Sagun CG, Shaik RA, Shankar NG, Sommer K, Toro E, Tran HTH, Urgel EL, Uwiringiyimana E, Vanichbuncha T, Youssef N. Key lifestyles and interim health outcomes for effective interventions in general populations: A network analysis of a large international observational study. J Glob Health 2023; 13:04125. [PMID: 37861130 PMCID: PMC10588292 DOI: 10.7189/jogh.13.04125] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Background The interconnected nature of lifestyles and interim health outcomes implies the presence of the central lifestyle, central interim health outcome and bridge lifestyle, which are yet to be determined. Modifying these factors holds immense potential for substantial positive changes across all aspects of health and lifestyles. We aimed to identify these factors from a pool of 18 lifestyle factors and 13 interim health outcomes while investigating potential gender and occupation differences. Methods An international cross-sectional study was conducted in 30 countries across six World Health Organization regions from July 2020 to August 2021, with 16 512 adults self-reporting changes in 18 lifestyle factors and 13 interim health outcomes since the pandemic. Results Three networks were computed and tested. The central variables decided by the expected influence centrality were consumption of fruits and vegetables (centrality = 0.98) jointly with less sugary drinks (centrality = 0.93) in the lifestyles network; and quality of life (centrality = 1.00) co-dominant (centrality = 1.00) with less emotional distress in the interim health outcomes network. The overall amount of exercise had the highest bridge expected influence centrality in the bridge network (centrality = 0.51). No significant differences were found in the network global strength or the centrality of the aforementioned key variables within each network between males and females or health workers and non-health workers (all P-values >0.05 after Holm-Bonferroni correction). Conclusions Consumption of fruits and vegetables, sugary drinks, quality of life, emotional distress, and the overall amount of exercise are key intervention components for improving overall lifestyle, overall health and overall health via lifestyle in the general population, respectively. Although modifications are needed for all aspects of lifestyle and interim health outcomes, a larger allocation of resources and more intensive interventions were recommended for these key variables to produce the most cost-effective improvements in lifestyles and health, regardless of gender or occupation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiaying Li
- School of Nursing, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Daniel Yee Tak Fong
- School of Nursing, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Kris Yuet Wan Lok
- School of Nursing, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Janet Yuen Ha Wong
- School of Nursing and Health Studies, Hong Kong Metropolitan University, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Mandy Man Ho
- School of Nursing, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Edmond Pui Hang Choi
- School of Nursing, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Vinciya Pandian
- School of Nursing, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Patricia M Davidson
- Vice-Chancellor and Principal, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, Australia
| | - Wenjie Duan
- Department of Social Work, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, China
| | - Marie Tarrant
- School of Nursing, The University of British Columbia, Kelowna British Columbia, Canada
| | - Jung Jae Lee
- School of Nursing, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Chia-Chin Lin
- School of Nursing, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Oluwadamilare Akingbade
- The Nethersole School of Nursing, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong
- Institute of Nursing Research, Osogbo, Osun State, Nigeria
| | | | - Mohammad Shakil Ahmad
- Department of Family & Community Medicine, College of Medicine, Majmaah University, Majmaah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohamed Alboraie
- Department of Internal Medicine, Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Meshari A Alzahrani
- Department of Urology, College of Medicine, Majmaah University, Al Majmaah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Anil S Bilimale
- School of Public Health, JSS Medical College, JSS AHER, Mysuru, India
| | | | - Samuel Byiringiro
- School of Nursing, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Hiba Deek
- Nursing Department, Faculty of Health Science, Beirut Arab University, Lebanon
| | - Fabio Efficace
- Italian Group for Adult Hematologic Diseases (GIMEMA), Data Center and Health Outcomes Research Unit, Rome, Italy
| | | | - Fathiya El-Raey
- Department of hepatogastroenterology and infectious diseases, Damietta faculty of medicine, Al-Azher University, Egypt
| | | | - Pilar Escotorin
- Laboratory of Applied Prosocial Research, Department of Basic, Developmental and Educational Psychology, Autonomous University of Barcelona, Spain
| | | | | | - Yong-Shian Shawn Goh
- Alice Lee Centre for Nursing Studies, National University of Singapore, Singapore
| | - Devi Irawan
- School of Nursing, Wijaya Husada Health Institute, Bogor, Indonesia
| | | | - Binu Koirala
- School of Nursing, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | | | - Cannas Kwok
- School of Nursing, Paramedicine and Health Care Science, Charles Sturt University, New South Wales, Australia
| | | | | | | | - Emery Manirambona
- College of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Rwanda, Kigali, Rwanda
| | - Leandro Cruz Mantoani
- Laboratory of Research in Respiratory Physiotherapy (LFIP), Department of Physiotherapy, State University of Londrina (UEL), Londrina, Brazil
| | | | - Iman Elmahdi Mohamed
- Pharmacology and Toxicology Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Benghazi University, Libya
| | - Madeleine Mukeshimana
- School of Nursing and Midwifery, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Rwanda, Kigali, Rwanda
| | | | | | | | | | - Mohd Said Nurumal
- Kulliyyah of Nursing, International Islamic University, Kuantan, Malaysia
| | - Aimable Nzabonimana
- Center for Language Enhancement, College of Arts and Social Sciences, University of Rwanda, Huye, Rwanda
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Ceryl G Sagun
- School of Nursing, Centro Escolar University, Manila, Philippines
| | - Riyaz Ahmed Shaik
- Department of Family & Community Medicine, College of Medicine, Majmaah University, Majmaah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Nikhil Gauri Shankar
- Mental Health and Learning division, Wrexham Maelor Hospital, Wrexham, United Kingdom
| | - Kathrin Sommer
- Italian Group for Adult Hematologic Diseases (GIMEMA), Data Center and Health Outcomes Research Unit, Rome, Italy
| | - Edgardo Toro
- Pontificia Universidad Católica de Valparaíso, School of Social Work, Valparaíso, Chile
| | | | - Elvira L Urgel
- School of Nursing, Centro Escolar University, Manila, Philippines
| | | | - Tita Vanichbuncha
- Department of Statistics, Chulalongkorn Business School, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Naglaa Youssef
- Medical-surgical Nursing Department, Faculty of Nursing, Cairo University, Egypt
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Pennino F, Fiorilla C, Sorrentino M, Armonia U, Parisi A, Mirizzi PD, Di Lillo M, De Silva O, Montuori P, Triassi M, Nardone A. Investigating Awareness Regarding Travel-Related Infectious Disease Prevention in a Metropolitan Area. Trop Med Infect Dis 2023; 8:476. [PMID: 37888604 PMCID: PMC10611143 DOI: 10.3390/tropicalmed8100476] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2023] [Revised: 10/13/2023] [Accepted: 10/17/2023] [Indexed: 10/28/2023] Open
Abstract
The rise in international travel has led to an increase in travel-related infectious diseases. It is predicted that by 2030, the number of international travelers will reach 1.8 billion, with over 250 million people affected globally. This issue also has an economic impact, as the eradication of travel-related infectious diseases leads to a loss of USD 12 billion in tourism. To understand the association between demographic variables and knowledge, attitude, and behaviors related to travel-related infectious diseases, a cross-sectional survey-based study was conducted among 1191 individuals in the metropolitan city of Naples, Italy. Multiple linear regression was performed over three models. The results revealed that knowledge about travel-related infectious diseases was positively associated with age, female gender, non-smoking habits, being single, and higher education attainment. The attitude towards travel-related infectious diseases was positively associated with being female, non-smoking habits, being single, higher education attainment, and a higher level of knowledge. A statistically significant association was observed between behaviors and non-smoking habits and between higher levels of knowledge and attitudes. To address this issue, public health programs could be implemented to improve behaviors in the general population. Overall, this study provides valuable information about the determinants of knowledge, attitude, and behaviors related to travel-related infectious diseases in the general population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesca Pennino
- Department of Public Health, “Federico II” University, Via Sergio Pansini No. 5, 80131 Naples, Italy
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Wieczorek M, Meier C, Kliegel M, Maurer J. Relationship Between Health Literacy and Unhealthy Lifestyle Behaviours in Older Adults Living in Switzerland: Does Social Connectedness Matter? Int J Public Health 2023; 68:1606210. [PMID: 37876738 PMCID: PMC10590881 DOI: 10.3389/ijph.2023.1606210] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2023] [Accepted: 09/25/2023] [Indexed: 10/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Objectives: To investigate the association between health literacy (HL) and unhealthy lifestyle behaviours and to explore the moderating role of social connectedness in this relationship in older adults in Switzerland. Methods: We used data from 1,455 respondents to Wave 8 of the Survey of Health, Ageing, and Retirement in Europe (SHARE). Associations between the number of unhealthy lifestyle behaviours (smoking, risky alcohol consumption, suboptimal daily consumption of fruits/vegetables, lack of vigorous physical activity) and HL were examined using multivariable Poisson regression models, which allowed for interactions between HL and social connectedness to test the moderation hypothesis. Results: Respondents with inadequate HL were significantly more likely to have a higher number of unhealthy lifestyle behaviours than respondents with sufficient HL. We found a stronger positive association between inadequate HL and the number of unhealthy lifestyle behaviours among socially isolated individuals. Conclusion: Greater social connectedness seems to buffer the negative impact of inadequate HL on unhealthy lifestyle behaviours in older adults, highlighting the importance of good HL for healthy lifestyles, especially in individuals with low social reserve.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maud Wieczorek
- Swiss National Centre of Competence in Research LIVES—Overcoming Vulnerability: Life Course Perspectives, Lausanne and Geneva, Switzerland
- Faculty of Business and Economics (HEC), University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Clément Meier
- Faculty of Business and Economics (HEC), University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
- Faculty of Biology and Medicine (FBM), University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
- Swiss Centre of Expertise in the Social Sciences (FORS), University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Matthias Kliegel
- Swiss National Centre of Competence in Research LIVES—Overcoming Vulnerability: Life Course Perspectives, Lausanne and Geneva, Switzerland
- Centre for the Interdisciplinary Study of Gerontology and Vulnerability, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Jürgen Maurer
- Swiss National Centre of Competence in Research LIVES—Overcoming Vulnerability: Life Course Perspectives, Lausanne and Geneva, Switzerland
- Faculty of Business and Economics (HEC), University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
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Hatchard J, Buykx P, Brennan A, Gillespie D. Options for modifying UK alcohol and tobacco tax: A rapid scoping review of the evidence over the period 1997-2018. NIHR OPEN RESEARCH 2023; 3:26. [PMID: 37881457 PMCID: PMC10593339 DOI: 10.3310/nihropenres.13379.2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/22/2023] [Indexed: 10/27/2023]
Abstract
Background Increased taxation is recognised worldwide as one of the most effective interventions for decreasing tobacco and harmful alcohol use, with many variations of policy options available. This rapid scoping review was part of a NIHR-funded project ('SYNTAX' 16/105/26) and was undertaken during 2018 to inform interviews to be conducted with UK public health stakeholders with expertise in alcohol and tobacco pricing policy. Methods Objectives: To synthesise evidence and debates on current and potential alcohol and tobacco taxation options for the UK, and report on the underlying objectives, evidence of effects and mediating factors.Eligibility criteria: Peer-reviewed and grey literature; published 1997-2018; English language; UK-focused; include taxation interventions for alcohol, tobacco, or both. Sources of evidence: PubMed, Scopus, Cochrane Library, Google, stakeholder and colleague recommendations.Charting methods: Excel spreadsheet structured using PICO framework, recording source characteristics and content. Results Ninety-one sources qualified for inclusion: 49 alcohol, 36 tobacco, 6 both. Analysis identified four policy themes: changes to excise duty within existing tax structures, structural reforms, industry measures, and hypothecation of tax revenue for public benefits. For alcohol, policy options focused on raising the price of cheap, high-strength alcohol. For tobacco, policy options focused on raising the price of all tobacco products, especially the cheapest products, which are hand-rolling tobacco. For alcohol and tobacco, there were options such as levies that take money from the industries to help reduce the societal costs of their products. Due to the perceived social and economic importance of alcohol in contrast to tobacco, policy options also discussed supporting pubs and small breweries. Conclusions This review has identified a set of tax policy options for tobacco and alcohol, their objectives, evidence of effects and related mediating factors. The differences between alcohol and tobacco tax policy options and debates suggest an opportunity for cross-substance policy learning.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jenny Hatchard
- Population Health Sciences, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
- Tobacco Control Research Group, Department for Health, University of Bath, Bath, UK
| | - Penny Buykx
- School of Humanities and Social Science, University of Newcastle, Australia, New South Wales, Australia
- Sheffield Centre for Health and Related Research (SCHARR), Division of Population Health, School of Medicine and Population Health, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, UK
| | - Alan Brennan
- Sheffield Centre for Health and Related Research (SCHARR), Division of Population Health, School of Medicine and Population Health, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, UK
| | - Duncan Gillespie
- Sheffield Centre for Health and Related Research (SCHARR), Division of Population Health, School of Medicine and Population Health, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, UK
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Burton R, Sharpe C, Sheron N, Henn C, Knight S, Wright VM, Cook M. The prevalence and clustering of alcohol consumption, gambling, smoking, and excess weight in an English adult population. Prev Med 2023; 175:107683. [PMID: 37633599 DOI: 10.1016/j.ypmed.2023.107683] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2023] [Revised: 08/22/2023] [Accepted: 08/23/2023] [Indexed: 08/28/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The aim of this study was to examine the prevalence and clustering of four health risks (increasing-/higher-risk drinking, current smoking, overweight/obesity, and at-risk gambling), and to examine variation across sociodemographic groups in the English adult population. METHODS We analysed data from the 2012, 2015, 2016, and 2018 Health Survey for England (n = 20,698). Prevalence odds ratios (POR) were calculated to examine the clustering of risks. We undertook a multinomial multilevel regression model to examine sociodemographic variation in the clustering of health risks. RESULTS Overall, 23.8% of the adult English population had two or more co-occurring health risks. The most prevalent was increasing-/higher-risk drinking and overweight/obesity (17.2%). Alcohol consumption and smoking were strongly clustered, particularly higher-risk drinking and smoking (POR = 2.68; 95% CI = 2.31, 3.11; prevalence = 1.7%). Higher-risk drinking and at-risk gambling were also clustered (POR = 2.66; 95% CI = 1.76, 4.01), albeit with a very low prevalence (0.2%). Prevalence of multiple risks was higher among men for all risk combinations except smoking and obesity. The odds of multiple risks were highest for men and women aged 35-64 years. Unemployed men and women with lower educational qualifications had a higher odds of multiple risks. The relationship between deprivation and multiple risks depended on the definition of multiple risks, with the clearest socioeconomic gradients seen for the highest risk health behaviours. CONCLUSION An understanding of the prevalence, clustering, and risk factors for multiple health risks can help inform effective prevention and treatment approaches and may support the design and use of multiple behaviour change interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robyn Burton
- Office for Health Improvement and Disparities, Department of Health and Social Care, 39 Victoria Street, London, United Kingdom; Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology, and Neuroscience, Kings College London, United Kingdom.
| | - Casey Sharpe
- Office for Health Improvement and Disparities, Department of Health and Social Care, 39 Victoria Street, London, United Kingdom
| | - Nick Sheron
- Office for Health Improvement and Disparities, Department of Health and Social Care, 39 Victoria Street, London, United Kingdom; Institute of Liver Studies, Kings College London School of Medicine at King's College Hospital, London, United Kingdom
| | - Clive Henn
- Office for Health Improvement and Disparities, Department of Health and Social Care, 39 Victoria Street, London, United Kingdom
| | - Sandy Knight
- Office for Health Improvement and Disparities, Department of Health and Social Care, 39 Victoria Street, London, United Kingdom
| | - Virginia Musto Wright
- Office for Health Improvement and Disparities, Department of Health and Social Care, 39 Victoria Street, London, United Kingdom
| | - Mark Cook
- Office for Health Improvement and Disparities, Department of Health and Social Care, 39 Victoria Street, London, United Kingdom
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Harrison F, Mortby ME, Mather KA, Sachdev PS, Brodaty H. Apathy as a determinant of health behaviors in older adults: Implications for dementia risk reduction. ALZHEIMER'S & DEMENTIA (AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS) 2023; 15:e12505. [PMID: 38026759 PMCID: PMC10668002 DOI: 10.1002/dad2.12505] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2023] [Revised: 08/04/2023] [Accepted: 10/10/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Long-term improvements in physical inactivity and other behavioral risk factors are integral to dementia risk reduction; however, sustained behavior change is challenging. Apathy, depression, and fatigue may impact engagement in health behaviors, but their presentation overlaps. This study investigates whether these symptoms are differentially associated with multiple health behaviors. METHODS In 1037 community-dwelling older adults without dementia (aged 70-90, 55% women), regression analyses examined apathy, depression, and fatigue as predictors of health behaviors (physical activity, diet, alcohol, smoking) and a behavioral risk index. RESULTS Apathy was associated with reduced physical activity and alcohol use, and one or multiple behavioral risk factors. No or inconsistent relations were found between depression or fatigue and health behaviors. DISCUSSION Apathy is relevant to multiple health behaviors and should be considered when designing health promotion for older adults, including interventions for dementia risk reduction. Findings highlight the importance of distinguishing apathy from comorbid symptoms. Highlights Novel theory-based perspective on behavioural risk factors for dementia.Higher apathy predicted less physical activity and alcohol use, and increased odds of lifestyle risk factors.Depressive symptoms were not associated with any health behavior.Apathy may be a determinant of multiple health behaviors in older adults, distinct from depression and fatigue.Considering apathy in precision prevention of dementia appears warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fleur Harrison
- Centre for Healthy Brain Ageing (CHeBA)Discipline of Psychiatry & Mental HealthFaculty of Medicine & Health, UNSW SydneySydneyNew South WalesAustralia
| | - Moyra E. Mortby
- School of Psychology, UNSW SydneySydneyNew South WalesAustralia
- Neuroscience Research AustraliaSydneyNew South WalesAustralia
- UNSW Ageing Futures Institute, UNSW SydneySydneyNew South WalesAustralia
| | - Karen A. Mather
- Centre for Healthy Brain Ageing (CHeBA)Discipline of Psychiatry & Mental HealthFaculty of Medicine & Health, UNSW SydneySydneyNew South WalesAustralia
- Neuroscience Research AustraliaSydneyNew South WalesAustralia
| | - Perminder S. Sachdev
- Centre for Healthy Brain Ageing (CHeBA)Discipline of Psychiatry & Mental HealthFaculty of Medicine & Health, UNSW SydneySydneyNew South WalesAustralia
- NeuroPsychiatric InstitutePrince of Wales HospitalRandwickNew South WalesAustralia
| | - Henry Brodaty
- Centre for Healthy Brain Ageing (CHeBA)Discipline of Psychiatry & Mental HealthFaculty of Medicine & Health, UNSW SydneySydneyNew South WalesAustralia
- Older People's Mental Health ServicePrince of Wales HospitalRandwickNew South WalesAustralia
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van Hooijdonk KJ, Simons SS, van Noorden TH, Geurts SA, Vink JM. Prevalence and clustering of health behaviours and the association with socio-demographics and mental well-being in Dutch university students. Prev Med Rep 2023; 35:102307. [PMID: 37519443 PMCID: PMC10382923 DOI: 10.1016/j.pmedr.2023.102307] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2022] [Revised: 06/15/2023] [Accepted: 06/29/2023] [Indexed: 08/01/2023] Open
Abstract
The college years represent a vulnerable period for developing health-risk behaviours (e.g., physical inactivity/unhealthy eating habits/substance use/problematic internet use/insufficient sleep). This study examined current health behaviour levels (RQ1), health behaviour classes (RQ2) and between-class differences in socio-demographics (RQ3) and mental well-being (RQ4) among Dutch university students (n = 3771). Participants (Mage = 22.7 (SD = 4.3); 71.2% female/27.3% male/1.5% other) completed an online survey (Oct-Nov 2021). Descriptive statistics (RQ1), Latent Class Analysis (RQ2), and Kruskal-Wallis/Chi-square tests (RQ3-4) were used. RQ1: Prevalence rates suggest that a subsequent proportion of the student sample engages in health-risk behaviours. RQ2: Four classes were identified: class 1 (n = 862) "Licit substance use health-risk group", class 2 (n = 435) "Illicit and licit substance use health-risk group", class 3 (n = 1876) "Health-protective group" and class 4 (n = 598) "Non-substance use health-risk group". RQ3: Class 1 represents relatively more international students and students in a steady relationship. Class 2 represents relatively more older/male/(pre-)master students and students living with roommates/in a steady relationship/with more financial difficulty. Class 3 represents relatively more younger/female students and students living with family/with lower Body Mass Index (BMI)/less financial difficulty. Class 4 represents relatively more younger/non-Western/international/bachelor students and students living with children/single/part of LGBTIQ+ community/with higher BMI. RQ4: Class 3 has significantly higher mental well-being while class 4 has significantly lower mental well-being, relative to the other classes. Above findings provide new insights which can help educational institutes and governments better understand the clustering of students' health behaviours and between-class differences in socio-demographics and mental well-being.
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Cornell S, Brander R, Peden A. Selfie-Related Incidents: Narrative Review and Media Content Analysis. J Med Internet Res 2023; 25:e47202. [PMID: 37756044 PMCID: PMC10568398 DOI: 10.2196/47202] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2023] [Revised: 07/31/2023] [Accepted: 08/23/2023] [Indexed: 09/28/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Selfie-related injury has become a public health concern amid the near ubiquitous use of smartphones and social media apps. Of particular concern are selfie-related deaths at aquatic locations; areas often frequented because of their photogenic allure. Unfortunately, such places exhibit hazards inherent with their environment. OBJECTIVE This study aimed to ascertain current evidence regarding selfie-related injuries and recommended risk treatment measures in the academic literature as well as how selfie-related injuries and deaths were being reported by the media, allowing us to identify key challenges facing land managers and public health practitioners in mitigating selfie-related injuries and deaths. METHODS Between October and December 2022, we performed a narrative review of peer-reviewed literature published since January 2011. Literature was screened to identify causal factors implicated in selfie-related deaths and injuries, as well as risk treatments recommended. Furthermore, we used an environmental scan methodology to search for media reports of selfie-related injuries and deaths at aquatic locations in Australia and the United States. Individual cases of selfie-related aquatic injuries and deaths sourced from news reports were analyzed to assess epidemiological characteristics, and a thematic content analysis was conducted to identify key themes of news reporting on selfie-related deaths and injuries. RESULTS In total, 5 peer-reviewed studies were included. Four studies identified falls from height as the most common injury mechanism in selfie incidents. Drowning was the second most common cause of death. Recommended risk treatments were limited but included the adoption of "no selfie zones," physical barriers, signage, and provision of information on dangerous locations to social media users. In total, 12 cases were identified from media reports (4 injuries and 8 fatalities; 7 in Australia and 5 in the United States). The mean age of the reported victims was 22.1 (SD 6.93) years with victims more likely to be female tourists. Content analysis revealed 3 key themes from media reports: "blame," "warning," and "prevention and education." Few media reports (n=8) provided safety recommendations. CONCLUSIONS The selfie-related incident phenomenon should be viewed as a public health problem that requires a public health risk communication response. To date, little attention has been paid to averting selfie-related incidents through behavior change methodologies or direct messaging to users, including through social media apps. Although previous research has recommended "no selfie zones," barriers, and signage as ways to prevent selfie incidents, our results suggest this may not be enough, and it may be prudent to also engage in direct safety messaging to social media users. Media reporting of selfie incidents should focus on preventive messaging rather than blame or warning.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samuel Cornell
- School of Population Health, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia
- Beach Safety Research Group, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia
| | - Robert Brander
- Beach Safety Research Group, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia
- School of Environmental, Earth, and Biological Sciences, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia
| | - Amy Peden
- School of Population Health, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia
- Beach Safety Research Group, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia
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Nakanishi K, Ishibashi C, Ide S, Yamamoto R, Nishida M, Nagatomo I, Moriyama T, Yamauchi-Takihara K. Association of secondhand smoke exposure and health-related lifestyle behaviors among male university employees in Japan. Sci Rep 2023; 13:13848. [PMID: 37696832 PMCID: PMC10495441 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-40873-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2023] [Accepted: 08/17/2023] [Indexed: 09/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Secondhand smoke (SHS) exposure causes various health problems associated with an unhealthy lifestyle. However, the lifestyles of individuals exposed to SHS have not been characterized extensively. Therefore, this cross-sectional study aimed to investigate the association between SHS exposure and lifestyle behaviors. The participants were 2379 healthy male employees at Osaka University who underwent health examinations. Physical and biochemical parameters and lifestyle behavior data were obtained from all the participants. Participants with SHS exposure had significantly higher body mass index, waist circumference, and serum levels of triglycerides and uric acid than that of those without SHS exposure. SHS exposure was significantly correlated with several lifestyle behaviors, including TV time, frequency of breakfast consumption and fried food consumption, vegetable and fruit intake, alcohol consumption frequency and daily alcohol intake, and smoking status. Thus, SHS exposure may be associated with an unhealthy lifestyle. The lifestyle behaviors of the smoke-excluded population were assessed further; however, SHS exposure was still associated with dietary and drinking habits. Since participants with SHS exposure are likely to have an unhealthy life and combined unhealthy lifestyle behaviors, the confounding effect of these factors should be considered when assessing the impact of SHS exposure on health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kaori Nakanishi
- Health Care Division, Health and Counseling Center, Osaka University, 1-17 Machikaneyama, Toyonaka, Osaka, 560-0043, Japan.
| | - Chisaki Ishibashi
- Health Care Division, Health and Counseling Center, Osaka University, 1-17 Machikaneyama, Toyonaka, Osaka, 560-0043, Japan
| | - Seiko Ide
- Health Care Division, Health and Counseling Center, Osaka University, 1-17 Machikaneyama, Toyonaka, Osaka, 560-0043, Japan
| | - Ryohei Yamamoto
- Health Care Division, Health and Counseling Center, Osaka University, 1-17 Machikaneyama, Toyonaka, Osaka, 560-0043, Japan
| | - Makoto Nishida
- Health Care Division, Health and Counseling Center, Osaka University, 1-17 Machikaneyama, Toyonaka, Osaka, 560-0043, Japan
| | - Izumi Nagatomo
- Health Care Division, Health and Counseling Center, Osaka University, 1-17 Machikaneyama, Toyonaka, Osaka, 560-0043, Japan
| | - Toshiki Moriyama
- Health Care Division, Health and Counseling Center, Osaka University, 1-17 Machikaneyama, Toyonaka, Osaka, 560-0043, Japan
| | - Keiko Yamauchi-Takihara
- Health Care Division, Health and Counseling Center, Osaka University, 1-17 Machikaneyama, Toyonaka, Osaka, 560-0043, Japan
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47
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Shi S, Huang H, Huang Y, Zhong VW, Feng N. Lifestyle Behaviors and Cardiometabolic Diseases by Race and Ethnicity and Social Risk Factors Among US Young Adults, 2011 to 2018. J Am Heart Assoc 2023; 12:e028926. [PMID: 37608770 PMCID: PMC10547329 DOI: 10.1161/jaha.122.028926] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2022] [Accepted: 07/20/2023] [Indexed: 08/24/2023]
Abstract
Background Cardiometabolic health has been worsening among young adults, but the prevalence of lifestyle risk factors and cardiometabolic diseases is unclear. Methods and Results Adults aged 18 to 44 years were included from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, 2011 to 2018. Age-standardized prevalence of lifestyle risk factors and cardiometabolic diseases was estimated overall and by demographic and social risk factors. A set of multivariable logistic regressions was sequentially performed by adjusting for age, sex, social risk factors, and lifestyle factors to determine whether racial and ethnic disparities in the prevalence of cardiometabolic diseases may be attributable to differences in social risk factors and lifestyle factors. Appropriate weights were used to ensure national representativeness of the estimates. A total of 10 405 participants were analyzed (median age, 30.3 years; 50.8% women; 32.3% non-Hispanic White). The prevalence of lifestyle risk factors ranged from 16.3% for excessive drinking to 49.3% for poor diet quality. The prevalence of cardiometabolic diseases ranged from 4.3% for diabetes to 37.3% for dyslipidemia. The prevalence of having ≥2 lifestyle risk factors was 45.2% and having ≥2 cardiometabolic diseases was 22.0%. Racial and ethnic disparities in many cardiometabolic diseases persisted but were attenuated after adjusting for social risk factors and lifestyle factors. Conclusions The prevalence of lifestyle risk factors and cardiometabolic diseases was high among US young adults and varied by race and ethnicity and social risk factors. Racial and ethnic disparities in the prevalence of cardiometabolic diseases were not fully explained by differences in social risk factors and lifestyle factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuxiao Shi
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public HealthShanghai Jiao Tong University School of MedicineShanghaiChina
| | - Hengye Huang
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public HealthShanghai Jiao Tong University School of MedicineShanghaiChina
| | - Yue Huang
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public HealthShanghai Jiao Tong University School of MedicineShanghaiChina
| | - Victor W. Zhong
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public HealthShanghai Jiao Tong University School of MedicineShanghaiChina
| | - Nannan Feng
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public HealthShanghai Jiao Tong University School of MedicineShanghaiChina
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48
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Calatayud J, López-Bueno R, Núñez-Cortés R, Yang L, Del Pozo Cruz B, Andersen LL. Trends in adherence to the muscle-strengthening activity guidelines in the US over a 20-year span. Gen Hosp Psychiatry 2023; 84:89-95. [PMID: 37413717 DOI: 10.1016/j.genhosppsych.2023.06.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2023] [Revised: 06/27/2023] [Accepted: 06/27/2023] [Indexed: 07/08/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Purpose to evaluate the prevalence and temporal trends in adherence to muscle-strengthening activity (MSA) guidelines among the US population from 1997 to 2018 (pre-Covid 19). METHODS We used nationally representative data from the National Health Interview Survey of the US (NHIS; a cross-sectional household interview survey). We pooled data from 22 consecutive cycles (1997 to 2018) and estimated prevalence and trends of adherence to MSA guidelines among adults aged 18-24 years, 25-34 years, 35-44 years, 45-64 years, and ≥ 65 years. RESULTS A total of 651,682 participants (mean age 47.7 years [SD = 18.0], 55.8% women) were included. The overall prevalence of adherence to MSA guidelines significantly increased (p < .001) from 1997 to 2018 (19.8% to 27.2%, respectively). Adherence levels significantly increased (p < .001) for all age groups from 1997 to 2018. Compared with their white non-Hispanic counterparts, the odds ratio for Hispanic females was 0.5 (95% CI = 0.4-0.6). CONCLUSIONS It is over a 20-year span, adherence to MSA guidelines increased across all age groups, although the overall prevalence remained below 30%. Future intervention strategies to promote MSA are required with a particular focus on older adults, women, Hispanic women, current smokers, those with low educational levels, and those with functional limitations or chronic conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joaquín Calatayud
- Exercise Intervention for Health Research Group (EXINH-RG), Department of Physiotherapy, University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain; National Research Centre for the Working Environment, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Rubén López-Bueno
- Exercise Intervention for Health Research Group (EXINH-RG), Department of Physiotherapy, University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain; National Research Centre for the Working Environment, Copenhagen, Denmark; Department of Physical Medicine and Nursing, University of Zaragoza, Zaragoza, Spain.
| | - Rodrigo Núñez-Cortés
- National Research Centre for the Working Environment, Copenhagen, Denmark; Department of Physiotherapy, Physiotherapy in Motion Multispeciality Research Group (PTinMOTION), University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain; Department of Physical Therapy, Faculty of Medicine, University of Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Lin Yang
- Department of Cancer Epidemiology and Prevention Research, Alberta Health Services, Calgary, Canada; Departments of Oncology and Community Health Sciences, University of Calgary, Calgary, Canada
| | - Borja Del Pozo Cruz
- Faculty of Education, University of Cádiz, Cádiz, Spain; Biomedical Research and Innovation Institute of Cádiz (INiBICA) Research Unit, Puerta del Mar University Hospital, University of Cádiz, Spain; Department of Sports Science and Clinical Biomechanics, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
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49
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Binnewies J, Nawijn L, Brandmaier AM, Baaré WFC, Boraxbekk CJ, Demnitz N, Drevon CA, Fjell AM, Lindenberger U, Madsen KS, Nyberg L, Topiwala A, Walhovd KB, Ebmeier KP, Penninx BWJH. Lifestyle-related risk factors and their cumulative associations with hippocampal and total grey matter volume across the adult lifespan: A pooled analysis in the European Lifebrain consortium. Brain Res Bull 2023; 200:110692. [PMID: 37336327 DOI: 10.1016/j.brainresbull.2023.110692] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2023] [Accepted: 06/16/2023] [Indexed: 06/21/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Lifestyle-related risk factors, such as obesity, physical inactivity, short sleep, smoking and alcohol use, have been associated with low hippocampal and total grey matter volumes (GMV). However, these risk factors have mostly been assessed as separate factors, leaving it unknown if variance explained by these factors is overlapping or additive. We investigated associations of five lifestyle-related factors separately and cumulatively with hippocampal and total GMV, pooled across eight European cohorts. METHODS We included 3838 participants aged 18-90 years from eight cohorts of the European Lifebrain consortium. Using individual person data, we performed cross-sectional meta-analyses on associations of presence of lifestyle-related risk factors separately (overweight/obesity, physical inactivity, short sleep, smoking, high alcohol use) as well as a cumulative unhealthy lifestyle score (counting the number of present lifestyle-related risk factors) with FreeSurfer-derived hippocampal volume and total GMV. Lifestyle-related risk factors were defined according to public health guidelines. RESULTS High alcohol use was associated with lower hippocampal volume (r = -0.10, p = 0.021), and overweight/obesity with lower total GMV (r = -0.09, p = 0.001). Other lifestyle-related risk factors were not significantly associated with hippocampal volume or GMV. The cumulative unhealthy lifestyle score was negatively associated with total GMV (r = -0.08, p = 0.001), but not hippocampal volume (r = -0.01, p = 0.625). CONCLUSIONS This large pooled study confirmed the negative association of some lifestyle-related risk factors with hippocampal volume and GMV, although with small effect sizes. Lifestyle factors should not be seen in isolation as there is evidence that having multiple unhealthy lifestyle factors is associated with a linear reduction in overall brain volume.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julia Binnewies
- Amsterdam UMC location Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Department of Psychiatry, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Mood, Anxiety, Psychosis, Sleep & Stress program, Amsterdam, the Netherlands.
| | - Laura Nawijn
- Amsterdam UMC location Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Department of Psychiatry, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Mood, Anxiety, Psychosis, Sleep & Stress program, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Andreas M Brandmaier
- Center for Lifespan Psychology, Max Planck Institute for Human Development, Berlin, Germany; Max Planck UCL Centre for Computational Psychiatry and Ageing Research, Berlin, Germany; Department of Psychology, MSB Medical School Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - William F C Baaré
- Danish Research Centre for Magnetic Resonance, Centre for Functional and Diagnostic Imaging and Research, Copenhagen University Hospital - Amager and Hvidovre, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Carl-Johan Boraxbekk
- Danish Research Centre for Magnetic Resonance, Centre for Functional and Diagnostic Imaging and Research, Copenhagen University Hospital - Amager and Hvidovre, Copenhagen, Denmark; Umeå Center for Functional Brain Imaging, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden; Institute for Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Medical and Health Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark; Institute of Sports Medicine Copenhagen (ISMC) and Department of Neurology, Copenhagen University Hospital Bispebjerg, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Naiara Demnitz
- Danish Research Centre for Magnetic Resonance, Centre for Functional and Diagnostic Imaging and Research, Copenhagen University Hospital - Amager and Hvidovre, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Christian A Drevon
- Vitas Ltd. Oslo Science Park & Department of Nutrition, IMB, University of Oslo, Norway
| | - Anders M Fjell
- Center for Lifespan Changes in Brain and Cognition, Department of Psychology, University of Oslo, Norway; Computational Radiology and Artificial Intelligence, Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Oslo University Hospital, Norway
| | - Ulman Lindenberger
- Center for Lifespan Psychology, Max Planck Institute for Human Development, Berlin, Germany; Max Planck UCL Centre for Computational Psychiatry and Ageing Research, Berlin, Germany
| | - Kathrine Skak Madsen
- Danish Research Centre for Magnetic Resonance, Centre for Functional and Diagnostic Imaging and Research, Copenhagen University Hospital - Amager and Hvidovre, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Lars Nyberg
- Umeå Center for Functional Brain Imaging, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
| | - Anya Topiwala
- Nuffield Department of Population Health, Big Data Institute, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Kristine B Walhovd
- Center for Lifespan Changes in Brain and Cognition, Department of Psychology, University of Oslo, Norway; Computational Radiology and Artificial Intelligence, Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Oslo University Hospital, Norway
| | - Klaus P Ebmeier
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Brenda W J H Penninx
- Amsterdam UMC location Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Department of Psychiatry, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Mood, Anxiety, Psychosis, Sleep & Stress program, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
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50
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Nduka I, Kabasinguzi I, Ali N, Ochepo P, Abdy D, Cook EJ, Egbutah C, Cartwright S, Randhawa G. The impact of COVID-19 on the changes in health behaviours among Black, Asian and Minority Ethnic (BAME) communities in the United Kingdom (UK): a scoping review. BMC Public Health 2023; 23:1466. [PMID: 37525154 PMCID: PMC10391900 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-023-15978-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2022] [Accepted: 05/24/2023] [Indexed: 08/02/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The COVID-19 pandemic has led to changes in health behaviours, which include eating patterns and nutrition, smoking, alcohol consumption, sleeping patterns, physical activity and sedentary behaviour. There is a dearth of evidence reporting the impact of COVID-19 on the health behaviour of Black, Asian and minority ethnic (BAME) communities. This scoping review synthesises the available evidence on the impact of COVID-19 on the changes in health behaviours among BAME communities in the UK. METHODS Following a keyword strategy, 16 electronic databases were searched for articles that met the screening criteria. These articles were then reviewed in full text. Empirical studies that assessed COVID-19 related health behaviour changes among BAME communities in the UK, conducted during the COVID-19 pandemic between July 2020 and August 2021 and published in English language, were set as inclusion criteria. An initial 2160 studies were identified in the selected databases. After removing duplications and screening the title and abstracts of the 2154 studies, only 4 studies were selected to be reviewed as they met the inclusion criteria. The included studies employed different sample sizes which ranged from N = 47 to N = 30,375 and reported several health behaviour changes. Out of the 4 included studies, 3 studies included BAME groups within their sample as a subgroup while one study focused specifically on BAME groups. RESULTS The scoping review found that there were lower levels of physical activity among BAME groups compared to the White ethnic groups. About 41.7% of BAME groups reported drinking less alcohol than usual compared to their white counterparts who were 34%. Study participants from BAME backgrounds had the greatest effect of COVID-19 on decisions to purchase healthier food compared to those from white backgrounds whose decisions on purchasing healthier food were least affected. Some participants reported an increase in positive hygiene practices due to the COVID-19 pandemic. CONCLUSION COVID-19 had a significant impact on the health behaviours of BAME groups especially during the lockdowns as they reported changes to behaviour such as low levels of physical activities. Hence, it is important to promote health awareness among BAME groups to encourage healthy living. In addition, programmes such as physical fitness activities that favour BAME groups should be put in place, for example BAME women's walking groups to encourage people from BAME backgrounds to engage in physical activities. Furthermore, healthy food programmes such as food parcels can be given to people from BAME backgrounds who are not able to afford healthy food due to the impact of COVID-19. Nonetheless, the COVID-19 pandemic has increased positive hygiene among BAME groups which is important in preventing other diseases and infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ifunanya Nduka
- Institute for Health Research, University of Bedfordshire, Luton, UK
| | | | - Nasreen Ali
- Institute for Health Research, University of Bedfordshire, Luton, UK.
| | - Peter Ochepo
- Institute for Health Research, University of Bedfordshire, Luton, UK
| | - David Abdy
- Institute for Health Research, University of Bedfordshire, Luton, UK
| | | | | | | | - Gurch Randhawa
- Institute for Health Research, University of Bedfordshire, Luton, UK
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