1
|
Xin Z, Qin L, Tang Y, Guo S, Li F, Fang Y, Li G, Yao Y, Zheng B, Zhang B, Wu D, Xiao J, Ni C, Wei Q, Zhang T. Immune mediated support of metastasis: Implication for bone invasion. Cancer Commun (Lond) 2024. [PMID: 39003618 DOI: 10.1002/cac2.12584] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2023] [Revised: 06/05/2024] [Accepted: 06/18/2024] [Indexed: 07/15/2024] Open
Abstract
Bone is a common organ affected by metastasis in various advanced cancers, including lung, breast, prostate, colorectal, and melanoma. Once a patient is diagnosed with bone metastasis, the patient's quality of life and overall survival are significantly reduced owing to a wide range of morbidities and the increasing difficulty of treatment. Many studies have shown that bone metastasis is closely related to bone microenvironment, especially bone immune microenvironment. However, the effects of various immune cells in the bone microenvironment on bone metastasis remain unclear. Here, we described the changes in various immune cells during bone metastasis and discussed their related mechanisms. Osteoblasts, adipocytes, and other non-immune cells closely related to bone metastasis were also included. This review also summarized the existing treatment methods and potential therapeutic targets, and provided insights for future studies of cancer bone metastasis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zengfeng Xin
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, P. R. China
| | - Luying Qin
- Cancer Institute (Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Intervention, National Ministry of Education), Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, P. R. China
| | - Yang Tang
- Cancer Institute (Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Intervention, National Ministry of Education), Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, P. R. China
| | - Siyu Guo
- Cancer Institute (Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Intervention, National Ministry of Education), Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, P. R. China
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, P. R. China
| | - Fangfang Li
- Cancer Institute (Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Intervention, National Ministry of Education), Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, P. R. China
| | - Yuan Fang
- Cancer Institute (Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Intervention, National Ministry of Education), Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, P. R. China
| | - Gege Li
- Cancer Institute (Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Intervention, National Ministry of Education), Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, P. R. China
| | - Yihan Yao
- Cancer Institute (Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Intervention, National Ministry of Education), Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, P. R. China
| | - Binbin Zheng
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Ningbo Hangzhou Bay Hospital, Ningbo, Zhejiang, P. R. China
| | - Bicheng Zhang
- Cancer Institute (Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Intervention, National Ministry of Education), Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, P. R. China
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, P. R. China
| | - Dang Wu
- Cancer Institute (Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Intervention, National Ministry of Education), Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, P. R. China
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, P. R. China
| | - Jie Xiao
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Second Affiliated Hospital (Jiande Branch), Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, P. R. China
| | - Chao Ni
- Cancer Institute (Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Intervention, National Ministry of Education), Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, P. R. China
- Department of Breast Surgery, Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, P. R. China
| | - Qichun Wei
- Cancer Institute (Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Intervention, National Ministry of Education), Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, P. R. China
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, P. R. China
| | - Ting Zhang
- Cancer Institute (Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Intervention, National Ministry of Education), Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, P. R. China
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, P. R. China
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Saini RS, Binduhayyim RIH, Gurumurthy V, Alshadidi AAF, Bavabeedu SS, Vyas R, Dermawan D, Naseef PP, Mosaddad SA, Heboyan A. In silico assessment of biocompatibility and toxicity: molecular docking and dynamics simulation of PMMA-based dental materials for interim prosthetic restorations. JOURNAL OF MATERIALS SCIENCE. MATERIALS IN MEDICINE 2024; 35:28. [PMID: 38833196 DOI: 10.1007/s10856-024-06799-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2024] [Accepted: 05/09/2024] [Indexed: 06/06/2024]
Abstract
AIM This study aimed to comprehensively assess the biocompatibility and toxicity profiles of poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) and its monomeric unit, methyl methacrylate (MMA), crucial components in dental materials for interim prosthetic restorations. METHODOLOGY Molecular docking was employed to predict the binding affinities, energetics, and steric features of MMA and PMMA with selected receptors involved in bone metabolism and tissue development, including RANKL, Fibronectin, BMP9, NOTCH2, and other related receptors. The HADDOCK standalone version was utilized for docking calculations, employing a Lamarckian genetic algorithm to explore the conformational space of ligand-receptor interactions. Furthermore, molecular dynamics (MD) simulations over 100 nanoseconds were conducted using the GROMACS package to evaluate dynamic actions and structural stability. The LigandScout was utilized for pharmacophore modeling, which employs a shape-based screening approach to identify potential ligand binding sites on protein targets. RESULTS The molecular docking studies elucidated promising interactions between PMMA and MMA with key biomolecular targets relevant to dental applications. MD simulation results provided strong evidence supporting the structural stability of PMMA complexes over time. Pharmacophore modeling highlighted the significance of carbonyl and hydroxyl groups as pharmacophoric features, indicating compounds with favorable biocompatibility profiles. CONCLUSION This study underscores the potential of PMMA in dental applications, emphasizing its structural stability, molecular interactions, and safety considerations. These findings lay a foundation for future advancements in dental biomaterials, guiding the design and optimization of materials for enhanced biocompatibility. Future directions include experimental validation of computational findings and the development of PMMA-based dental materials with improved biocompatibility and clinical performance.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ravinder S Saini
- Department of Dental Technology, COAMS, King Khalid University, Abha, Saudi Arabia
| | | | | | | | - Shashit Shetty Bavabeedu
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, College of Dentistry, King Khalid University, Abha, Saudi Arabia
| | - Rajesh Vyas
- Department of Dental Technology, COAMS, King Khalid University, Abha, Saudi Arabia
| | - Doni Dermawan
- Department of Chemistry, Warsaw University of Technology, Warsaw, Poland
| | | | - Seyed Ali Mosaddad
- Department of Research Analytics, Saveetha Dental College and Hospitals, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Saveetha University, Chennai, India.
- Student Research Committee, School of Dentistry, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran.
| | - Artak Heboyan
- Department of Research Analytics, Saveetha Dental College and Hospitals, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Saveetha University, Chennai, India.
- Department of Prosthodontics, Faculty of Stomatology, Yerevan State Medical University after Mkhitar Heratsi, Yerevan, Armenia.
- Department of Prosthodontics, School of Dentistry, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Karadayi A, Sarsmaz H, Çigel A, Engiz B, Ünal N, Ürkmez S, Gürgen S. Does Microwave Exposure at Different Doses in the Pre/Postnatal Period Affect Growing Rat Bone Development? Physiol Res 2024; 73:157-172. [PMID: 38466013 PMCID: PMC11019611 DOI: 10.33549/physiolres.935148] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2023] [Accepted: 01/15/2024] [Indexed: 04/26/2024] Open
Abstract
Effects of pre/postnatal 2.45 GHz continuous wave (CW), Wireless-Fidelity (Wi-Fi) Microwave (MW) irradiation on bone have yet to be well defined. The present study used biochemical and histological methods to investigate effects on bone formation and resorption in the serum and the tibia bone tissues of growing rats exposed to MW irradiation during the pre/postnatal period. Six groups were created: one control group and five experimental groups subjected to low-level different electromagnetic fields (EMF) of growing male rats born from pregnant rats. During the experiment, the bodies of all five groups were exposed to 2.45 GHz CW-MW for one hour/day. EMF exposure started after fertilization in the experimental group. When the growing male rats were 45 days old in the postnatal period, the control and five experimental groups' growing male and maternal rats were sacrificed, and their tibia tissues were removed. Maternal rats were not included in the study. No differences were observed between the control and five experimental groups in Receptor Activator Nuclear factor-kB (RANK) biochemical results. In contrast, there was a statistically significant increase in soluble Receptor Activator of Nuclear factor-kB Ligand (sRANKL) and Osteoprotegerin (OPG) for 10 V/m and 15 V/m EMF values. Histologically, changes in the same groups supported biochemical results. These results indicate that pre/postnatal exposure to 2.45 GHz EMF at 10 and 15 V/m potentially affects bone development.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- A Karadayi
- Department of Biophysics, Medicine Faculty, Ondokuz Mayis University, Samsun, Republic of Türkiye.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
4
|
Konstantinou EK, Panagiotopoulos AA, Argyri K, Panoutsopoulos GI, Dimitriou M, Gioxari A. Molecular Pathways of Rosmarinic Acid Anticancer Activity in Triple-Negative Breast Cancer Cells: A Literature Review. Nutrients 2023; 16:2. [PMID: 38201832 PMCID: PMC10780465 DOI: 10.3390/nu16010002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2023] [Revised: 12/15/2023] [Accepted: 12/17/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Breast cancer is the most frequent type of cancer in women. Oncogenic transcription factors promote the overproduction of cellular adhesion molecules and inflammatory cytokines during cancer development. Cancer cells exhibit significant upregulation of antiapoptotic proteins, resulting in increased cell survival, tumor growth, and metastasis. Research on the cell cycle-mediated apoptosis pathway for drug discovery and therapy has shown promising results. In fact, dietary phytoconstituents have been extensively researched for anticancer activity, providing indirect protection by activating endogenous defense systems. The role of polyphenols in key cancer signaling pathways could shed light on the underlying mechanisms of action. For instance, Rosmarinic Acid, a polyphenol constituent of many culinary herbs, has shown potent chemoprotective properties. In this review, we present recent progress in the investigation of natural products as potent anticancer agents, with a focus on the effect of Rosmarinic Acid on triple-negative BC cell lines resistant to hormone therapy. We highlight a variety of integrated chemical biology approaches aimed at utilizing relevant mechanisms of action that could lead to significant clinical advances in BC treatment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Maria Dimitriou
- Department of Nutritional Science and Dietetics, School of Health Sciences, University of the Peloponnese, Antikalamos, 24100 Kalamata, Greece; (E.K.K.); (A.A.P.); (K.A.); (G.I.P.)
| | - Aristea Gioxari
- Department of Nutritional Science and Dietetics, School of Health Sciences, University of the Peloponnese, Antikalamos, 24100 Kalamata, Greece; (E.K.K.); (A.A.P.); (K.A.); (G.I.P.)
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Jha SS. Biologics: Teriparatide and Newer Anabolics. Indian J Orthop 2023; 57:135-146. [PMID: 38107803 PMCID: PMC10721587 DOI: 10.1007/s43465-023-01063-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2023] [Accepted: 11/14/2023] [Indexed: 12/19/2023]
Abstract
The landscape of osteoporosis management has evolved significantly over the years, witnessing a paradigm shift from conventional therapies to the emergence of biologic agents. This chapter delves into the intricate mechanisms, potential applications, and future directions of biologic interventions in osteoporosis care. Biologic agents, with their targeted approach to bone health, have revolutionized the field by offering precision-driven strategies that address the underlying mechanisms of bone fragility. This chapter explores the mechanisms of action of various biologics, including Receptor Activator of Nuclear Factor Kappa-B Ligand (RANKL) inhibitors, monoclonal antibodies targeting sclerostin, parathyroid hormone (PTH) analogues, and cathepsin K inhibitors. It discusses their potential benefits, limitations, and safety considerations, while shedding light on the promise of combination therapies that merge biologic agents with traditional approaches. Furthermore, the chapter delves into the potential applications of biologic agents in specific patient populations, the role of biomarkers in predicting treatment responses, and the influence of emerging biological targets. It also explores the advancements in novel targets and drug delivery systems that aim to enhance treatment convenience and effectiveness. By tailoring treatments based on patient characteristics and exploring novel therapeutic targets, the chapter envisions a future of precision medicine in osteoporosis care. As research continues to evolve, the chapter anticipates a transformative impact on bone health outcomes, fracture prevention, and overall quality of life for individuals at risk of osteoporosis-related fractures. Through comprehensive insights into the mechanisms, applications, and future directions of biologic agents, this chapter offers a holistic perspective on the evolving landscape of osteoporosis management.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shiva Shankar Jha
- Harishchandra Institute of Orthopaedics & Research, Allahabad, India
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Jayash SN, Hamoudi D, Stephen LA, Argaw A, Huesa C, Joseph S, Wong SC, Frenette J, Farquharson C. Anti-RANKL Therapy Prevents Glucocorticoid-Induced Bone Loss and Promotes Muscle Function in a Mouse Model of Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy. Calcif Tissue Int 2023; 113:449-468. [PMID: 37470794 PMCID: PMC10516841 DOI: 10.1007/s00223-023-01116-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2023] [Accepted: 07/12/2023] [Indexed: 07/21/2023]
Abstract
Bisphosphonates prevent bone loss in glucocorticoid (GC)-treated boys with Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD) and are recommended as standard of care. Targeting receptor activator of nuclear factor kappa-B ligand (RANKL) may have advantages in DMD by ameliorating dystrophic skeletal muscle function in addition to their bone anti-resorptive properties. However, the potential effects of anti-RANKL treatment upon discontinuation in GC-induced animal models of DMD are unknown and need further investigation prior to exploration in the clinical research setting. In the first study, the effects of anti-RANKL and deflazacort (DFZ) on dystrophic skeletal muscle function and bone microstructure were assessed in mdx mice treated with DFZ or anti-RANKL, or both for 8 weeks. Anti-RANKL and DFZ improved grip force performance of mdx mice but an additive effect was not noted. However, anti-RANKL but not DFZ improved ex vivo contractile properties of dystrophic muscles. This functional improvement was associated with a reduction in muscle damage and fibrosis, and inflammatory cell number. Anti-RANKL treatment, with or without DFZ, also improved trabecular bone structure of mdx mice. In a second study, intravenous zoledronate (Zol) administration (1 or 2 doses) following 2 months of discontinuation of anti-RANKL treatment was mostly required to record an improvement in bone microarchitecture and biomechanical properties in DFZ-treated mdx mice. In conclusion, the ability of anti-RANKL therapy to restore muscle function has profound implications for DMD patients as it offers the possibility of improving skeletal muscle function without the steroid-related skeletal side effects.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Soher Nagi Jayash
- The Roslin Institute and Royal (Dick) School of Veterinary Studies, University of Edinburgh, Easter Bush, Midlothian, EH25 9RG UK
| | - Dounia Hamoudi
- Centre de Recherche du Centre Hospitalier, Universitaire de Québec-Centre, Hospitalier de L’Université Laval, Université Laval, Quebec City, QC Canada
| | - Louise A. Stephen
- The Roslin Institute and Royal (Dick) School of Veterinary Studies, University of Edinburgh, Easter Bush, Midlothian, EH25 9RG UK
| | - Anteneh Argaw
- Centre de Recherche du Centre Hospitalier, Universitaire de Québec-Centre, Hospitalier de L’Université Laval, Université Laval, Quebec City, QC Canada
| | - Carmen Huesa
- School of Infection and Immunity, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
| | - Shuko Joseph
- Royal Hospital for Children Glasgow, School of Medicine, Dentistry and Nursing, Child Health, Queen Elizabeth University Hospital, Glasgow, UK
| | - Sze Choong Wong
- University of Glasgow/Royal Hospital for Children Glasgow, School of Medicine, Dentistry & Nursing, Child Health, Queen Elizabeth University Hospital, Glasgow, UK
| | - Jérôme Frenette
- Centre de Recherche du Centre Hospitalier, Universitaire de Québec-Centre, Hospitalier de L’Université Laval, Université Laval, Quebec City, QC Canada
| | - Colin Farquharson
- The Roslin Institute and Royal (Dick) School of Veterinary Studies, University of Edinburgh, Easter Bush, Midlothian, EH25 9RG UK
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Wang Z, Feng X, Zhang G, Li H, Zhou F, Xie Y, Li T, Zhao C, Luo W, Xiong Y, Wu Y. Artesunate ameliorates ligature-induced periodontitis by attenuating NLRP3 inflammasome-mediated osteoclastogenesis and enhancing osteogenic differentiation. Int Immunopharmacol 2023; 123:110749. [PMID: 37531830 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2023.110749] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2023] [Accepted: 07/29/2023] [Indexed: 08/04/2023]
Abstract
Periodontitis, arguably the greatest common infective chronic inflammatory disease, is characterized by an imbalance of the host immune system and excessive osteoclastogenesis activity with severe alveolar bone loss. Nevertheless, in consideration of the harmful effects of repeated treatment, more sensible intervention drugs for periodontitis need to be developed. Artesunate (ART), derived from Artemisia annua L., has shown remarkable pharmacokinetic and clinical value, as well as anti-inflammatory and immunomodulatory effects in various immune and chronic diseases due to its endoperoxide group. However, the role of ART in mediating periodontitis-induced alveolar bone resorption has not been examined. In this study, ART treatment effectively ameliorated ligature-induced periodontitis via attenuating osteoclast formation in a dose-dependent manner. Mechanistically, RNA-seq revealed that ART dramatically reduced the enrichment of NLRP3 inflammasome-related genes. Concordant with our study, MCC950, a specific inhibitor of NLRP3 inflammasome, also greatly restrained osteoclastogenesis, suggesting that ART suppressed osteoclast formation by blocking NLRP3 inflammasome activation. In addition to regulating osteoclastogenesis, ART significantly enhanced osteogenic differentiation by alleviating the expression of cytokines in inflammatory conditions. Our data shed light on the probably potential mechanism of ART treatment for the intervention of periodontitis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zhanqi Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China; Department of Oral Implantology, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Xuan Feng
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Guorui Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Haiyun Li
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China; Department of Oral Implantology, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Feng Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China; Department of Oral Implantology, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Yaxin Xie
- Department of Orthodontics, State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Tianjiao Li
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & Dept. of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, China
| | - Chengzhi Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & Dept. of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, China
| | - Wenxin Luo
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Yi Xiong
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China; Department of Oral Implantology, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Yingying Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China; Department of Oral Implantology, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Cimmino A, Fasciglione GF, Gioia M, Marini S, Ciaccio C. Multi-Anticancer Activities of Phytoestrogens in Human Osteosarcoma. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:13344. [PMID: 37686148 PMCID: PMC10487502 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241713344] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2023] [Revised: 08/19/2023] [Accepted: 08/24/2023] [Indexed: 09/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Phytoestrogens are plant-derived bioactive compounds with estrogen-like properties. Their potential health benefits, especially in cancer prevention and treatment, have been a subject of considerable research in the past decade. Phytoestrogens exert their effects, at least in part, through interactions with estrogen receptors (ERs), mimicking or inhibiting the actions of natural estrogens. Recently, there has been growing interest in exploring the impact of phytoestrogens on osteosarcoma (OS), a type of bone malignancy that primarily affects children and young adults and is currently presenting limited treatment options. Considering the critical role of the estrogen/ERs axis in bone development and growth, the modulation of ERs has emerged as a highly promising approach in the treatment of OS. This review provides an extensive overview of current literature on the effects of phytoestrogens on human OS models. It delves into the multiple mechanisms through which these molecules regulate the cell cycle, apoptosis, and key pathways implicated in the growth and progression of OS, including ER signaling. Moreover, potential interactions between phytoestrogens and conventional chemotherapy agents commonly used in OS treatment will be examined. Understanding the impact of these compounds in OS holds great promise for developing novel therapeutic approaches that can augment current OS treatment modalities.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Chiara Ciaccio
- Department of Clinical Sciences and Translational Medicine, University of Rome ‘Tor Vergata’, Via Montpellier 1, I-00133 Rome, Italy; (A.C.); (G.F.F.); (M.G.); (S.M.)
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Nirala BK, Yamamichi T, Yustein JT. Deciphering the Signaling Mechanisms of Osteosarcoma Tumorigenesis. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:11367. [PMID: 37511127 PMCID: PMC10379831 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241411367] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2023] [Revised: 07/10/2023] [Accepted: 07/11/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Osteosarcoma (OS) is the predominant primary bone tumor in the pediatric and adolescent populations. It has high metastatic potential, with the lungs being the most common site of metastasis. In contrast to many other sarcomas, OS lacks conserved translocations or genetic mutations; instead, it has heterogeneous abnormalities, including somatic DNA copy number alteration, ploidy, chromosomal amplification, and chromosomal loss and gain. Unfortunately, clinical outcomes have not significantly improved in over 30 years. Currently, no effective molecularly targeted therapies are available for this disease. Several genomic studies showed inactivation in the tumor suppressor genes, including p53, RB, and ATRX, and hyperactivation of the tumor promoter genes, including MYC and MDM2, in OS. Alterations in the major signaling pathways, including the PI3K/AKT/mTOR, JAK/STAT, Wnt/β-catenin, NOTCH, Hedgehog/Gli, TGF-β, RTKs, RANK/RANKL, and NF-κB signaling pathways, have been identified in OS development and metastasis. Although OS treatment is currently based on surgical excision and systematic multiagent therapies, several potential targeted therapies are in development. This review focuses on the major signaling pathways of OS, and we propose a biological rationale to consider novel and targeted therapies in the future.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Bikesh K Nirala
- Aflac Cancer and Blood Disorders Center, Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA
| | - Taku Yamamichi
- Aflac Cancer and Blood Disorders Center, Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA
| | - Jason T Yustein
- Aflac Cancer and Blood Disorders Center, Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Samsonraj RM, Law SF, Chandra A, Pignolo RJ. An unbiased proteomics approach to identify the senescence-associated secretory phenotype of human bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells. Bone Rep 2023; 18:101674. [PMID: 36994454 PMCID: PMC10041468 DOI: 10.1016/j.bonr.2023.101674] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2023] [Accepted: 03/17/2023] [Indexed: 03/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) derived from bone marrow can support skeletal tissue repair and regeneration owing to their self-renewing capacity, differentiation ability, and trophic functions. Bone marrow-derived MSCs undergo dramatic changes with aging, including the senescence-associated secretory phenotype (SASP) which may largely contribute to age-related changes in bone tissue leading to osteoporosis. A mass spectrometry-based proteomics approach was used to investigate the MSC SASP. Replicative senescence was achieved by exhaustive in vitro sub-cultivation and confirmed by standard proliferation criteria. Conditioned media from non-senescent and senescent MSCs underwent mass spectrometry. Proteomics and bioinformatics analyses enabled the identification of 95 proteins expressed uniquely in senescent MSCs. Protein ontology analysis revealed the enrichment of proteins linked to the extracellular matrix, exosomes, cell adhesion, and calcium ion binding. The proteomic analysis was independently validated by taking ten identified proteins with relevance to bone aging and confirming their increased abundance in conditioned media from replicatively senescent versus non-senescent MSCs (ACTα2, LTF, SOD1, IL-6, LTBP2, PXDN, SERPINE 1, COL1α1, THBS1, OPG). These target proteins were used to further investigate changes in the MSC SASP profile in response to other inducers of senescence, ionizing radiation (IR) and H2O2. Similar secreted protein expression profiles with replicatively senescent cells were seen with H2O2 treatment except for LTF and PXDN, which were increased by IR treatment. With both IR and H2O2 treatment there was a decrease in THBS1. In vivo investigation of these secreted proteins with aging was shown by significant changes in the abundance of OPG, COL1α1, IL-6, ACTα2, SERPINE 1, and THBS1 in the plasma of aged rats. This unbiased, comprehensive analysis of the changes in the MSC secretome with senescence defines the unique protein signature of the SASP in these cells and provides a better understanding of the aging bone microenvironment. Identified the senescence-associated secretory phenotype of mesenchymal stem cells. Investigated protein expression under different senescence induction conditions. Showed significant changes in in vivo abundance of target proteins in aging rats.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Susan F. Law
- Robert and Arlene Kogod Center on Aging, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Abhishek Chandra
- Robert and Arlene Kogod Center on Aging, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
- Department of Physiology and Biomedical Engineering, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Robert J. Pignolo
- Department of Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
- Robert and Arlene Kogod Center on Aging, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
- Department of Physiology and Biomedical Engineering, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
- Corresponding author at: Robert and Arlene Kogod Professor of Geriatric Medicine, Department of Medicine, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine, 200 First Street SW, Rochester, MN 55905, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Kong K, Li F, Qiao H, Chang Y, Hu Y, Li H, Zhang J. Debridement without bone grafting prevents osteolytic lesions progression in revision THAs with prosthesis revised. Front Surg 2023; 9:925940. [PMID: 36684135 PMCID: PMC9852491 DOI: 10.3389/fsurg.2022.925940] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2022] [Accepted: 11/07/2022] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Bone defects in revision total hip arthroplasties (rTHAs) caused by osteolysis are routinely treated with autografts or allografts, despite their various disadvantages. Currently, little is known about the prognosis of ungrafted cavities with complete debridement following prosthetic revision in rTHAs with component loosening, as few reports have focused on the application of debridement without bone grafting in osteolytic lesions that do not compromise structural stability in revision THAs with revised components. Methods In this study, 48 patients receiving rTHAs with components revised for aseptic loosening with osteolysis between 2015 and 2019 were included. Anteroposterior and lateral radiographs of hips before and after revision surgery and last follow-up were compared to measure whether the size of the debrided osteolytic cavity without bone graft had changed. Results In total, 48 patients with 59 osteolytic lesions were enrolled. The mean follow-up period was 3.33 years (range 2-6 years). None of the 59 cavities had progressed at the last follow-up, and 11 (18.6%) regressed. Two patients underwent re-revision according to dislocation during follow-up. Conclusion In rTHAs with revised components, osteolytic lesions that do not influence structural stability could be debrided without grafting to avoid the disadvantages of grafting. Debridement and component revision are sufficient to prevent the progression of osteolytic lesions during surgery, without having adverse effects on the short-to mid-term prognosis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Huiwu Li
- Correspondence: Huiwu Li Jingwei Zhang
| | | |
Collapse
|
12
|
Fernández Vallone V, Borzone FR, Martinez LM, Giorello MB, Choi H, Dimase F, Feldman L, Bordenave RH, Chudzinski-Tavassi AM, Batagelj E, Chasseing NA. Spontaneous Osteoclastogenesis, a risk factor for bone metastasis in advanced luminal A-type breast cancer patients. Front Oncol 2023; 13:1073793. [PMID: 36890825 PMCID: PMC9986318 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2023.1073793] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2022] [Accepted: 01/24/2023] [Indexed: 02/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Osteolytic bone metastasis in advanced breast cancer stages are a major complication for patient´s quality life and a sign of low survival prognosis. Permissive microenvironments which allow cancer cell secondary homing and later proliferation are fundamental for metastatic processes. The causes and mechanisms behind bone metastasis in breast cancer patients are still an unsolved puzzle. Therefore, in this work we contribute to describe bone marrow pre-metastatic niche in advanced breast cancer patients. Results We show an increase in osteoclasts precursors with a concomitant imbalance towards spontaneous osteoclastogenesis which can be evidenced at bone marrow and peripheral levels. Pro-osteoclastogenic factors RANKL and CCL-2 may contribute to bone resorption signature observed in bone marrow. Meanwhile, expression levels of specific microRNAs in primary breast tumors may already indicate a pro-osteoclastogenic scenario prior to bone metastasis. Discussion The discovery of prognostic biomarkers and novel therapeutic targets linked to bone metastasis initiation and development are a promising perspective for preventive treatments and metastasis management in advanced breast cancer patients.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Valeria Fernández Vallone
- Berlin Institute of Health at Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Core Unit Pluripotent Stem Cells and Organoids, Berlin, Germany
| | - Francisco Raúl Borzone
- Laboratorio de Inmunohematología, Instituto de Biología y Medicina Experimental (IBYME), Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Leandro Marcelo Martinez
- Department of Medicine, Hematology and Medical Oncology, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY, United States
| | - María Belén Giorello
- Laboratorio de Inmunohematología, Instituto de Biología y Medicina Experimental (IBYME), Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Hosoon Choi
- Research Service, Central Texas Veterans Health Care System, Temple, Texas, TX, United States
| | - Federico Dimase
- Servicio de Hematología, Hospital Militar Central, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Leonardo Feldman
- Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Nacional del Centro de la Provincia de Buenos Aires (UNCPB), Tandil, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | | | - Ana Marisa Chudzinski-Tavassi
- Laboratory of Development and Innovation/Center of Excellence in New Target Discovery, Instituto Butantan, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Emilio Batagelj
- Servicio de Oncología, Hospital Militar Central, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Norma Alejandra Chasseing
- Laboratorio de Inmunohematología, Instituto de Biología y Medicina Experimental (IBYME), Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Buenos Aires, Argentina
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Keitoku M, Yonemitsu I, Ikeda Y, Tang H, Ono T. Differential Recovery Patterns of the Maxilla and Mandible after Eliminating Nasal Obstruction in Growing Rats. J Clin Med 2022; 11:jcm11247359. [PMID: 36555975 PMCID: PMC9783669 DOI: 10.3390/jcm11247359] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2022] [Revised: 12/01/2022] [Accepted: 12/09/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Although nasal obstruction (NO) during growth causes maxillofacial growth suppression, it remains unclear whether eliminating the NO affects maxillary and mandibular growth differentially. We aimed to clarify whether eliminating NO can help regain normal maxillofacial growth and to determine the optimal intervention timing. Forty-two 4-week-old male Wistar rats were randomly divided into six groups. Their left nostril was sutured to simulate NO over different durations in the experimental groups; the sutures were later removed to resume nasal breathing. Maxillofacial morphology was assessed using microcomputed tomography. Immunohistochemical changes in hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF)-1α, osteoprotegerin (OPG), and receptor activator of nuclear factor kappa-B ligand (RANKL) of the condylar cartilage were evaluated to reveal the underlying mechanisms of these changes. Maxillary length was significantly lower in rats with NO for ≥5 weeks. In groups with NO for ≥7 weeks, the posterior mandibular length, ramus height, thickness of the hypertrophic cell layer in the condylar cartilage, HIF-1α levels, and RANKL levels were significantly lower and OPG levels and RANKL/OPG were significantly higher than those in the control group. Our findings suggest that eliminating NO is effective in regaining maxillofacial growth. Moreover, the optimal timing of intervention differed between the maxilla and mandible.
Collapse
|
14
|
Zhang HX, Cao C, Li XH, Chen Y, Zhang Y, Liu Y, Gong Y, Qiu X, Zhou C, Chen Y, Wang Z, Yang JX, Cheng L, Chen XD, Shen H, Xiao HM, Tan LJ, Deng HW. Imputation of Human Primary Osteoblast Single Cell RNA-Seq Data Identified Three Novel Osteoblastic Subtypes. FRONT BIOSCI-LANDMRK 2022; 27:295. [PMID: 36336853 PMCID: PMC11097352 DOI: 10.31083/j.fbl2710295] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2022] [Revised: 07/01/2022] [Accepted: 07/14/2022] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Recently, single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) technology was increasingly used to study transcriptomics at a single-cell resolution, scRNA-seq analysis was complicated by the "dropout", where the data only captures a small fraction of the transcriptome. This phenomenon can lead to the fact that the actual expressed transcript may not be detected. We previously performed osteoblast subtypes classification and dissection on freshly isolated human osteoblasts. MATERIALS AND METHODS Here, we used the scImpute method to impute the missing values of dropout genes from a scRNA-seq dataset generated on freshly isolated human osteoblasts. RESULTS Based on the imputed gene expression patterns, we discovered three new osteoblast subtypes. Specifically, these newfound osteoblast subtypes are osteoblast progenitors, and two undetermined osteoblasts. Osteoblast progenitors showed significantly high expression of proliferation related genes (FOS, JUN, JUNB and JUND). Analysis of each subtype showed that in addition to bone formation, these undetermined osteoblasts may involve osteoclast and adipocyte differentiation and have the potential function of regulate immune activation. CONCLUSIONS Our findings provided a new perspective for studying the osteoblast heterogeneity and potential biological functions of these freshly isolated human osteoblasts at the single-cell level, which provides further insight into osteoblasts subtypes under various (pathological) physiological conditions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hui-Xi Zhang
- Laboratory of Molecular and Statistical Genetics, College of Life Sciences, Hunan Normal University, 410081 Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Chong Cao
- Laboratory of Molecular and Statistical Genetics, College of Life Sciences, Hunan Normal University, 410081 Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Xiao-Hua Li
- Laboratory of Molecular and Statistical Genetics, College of Life Sciences, Hunan Normal University, 410081 Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Yan Chen
- Laboratory of Molecular and Statistical Genetics, College of Life Sciences, Hunan Normal University, 410081 Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Yue Zhang
- Laboratory of Molecular and Statistical Genetics, College of Life Sciences, Hunan Normal University, 410081 Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Ying Liu
- Laboratory of Molecular and Statistical Genetics, College of Life Sciences, Hunan Normal University, 410081 Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Yun Gong
- Tulane Center of Biomedical Informatics and Genomics, Deming Department of Medicine, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, LA 70112, USA
| | - Xiang Qiu
- School of Basic Medical Science, Central South University, 410008 Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Cui Zhou
- Laboratory of Molecular and Statistical Genetics, College of Life Sciences, Hunan Normal University, 410081 Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Yu Chen
- Laboratory of Molecular and Statistical Genetics, College of Life Sciences, Hunan Normal University, 410081 Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Zun Wang
- Xiangya Nursing School, Central South University, 410013 Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Jun-Xiao Yang
- Department of Orthopedics, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, 410008 Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Liang Cheng
- Department of Orthopedics and National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, 410008 Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Xiang-Ding Chen
- Laboratory of Molecular and Statistical Genetics, College of Life Sciences, Hunan Normal University, 410081 Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Hui Shen
- Tulane Center of Biomedical Informatics and Genomics, Deming Department of Medicine, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, LA 70112, USA
| | - Hong-Mei Xiao
- School of Basic Medical Science, Central South University, 410008 Changsha, Hunan, China
- Center of Reproductive Health, System Biology and Data Information, Institute of Reproductive & Stem Cell Engineering, School of Basic Medical Science, Central South University, 410081 Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Li-Jun Tan
- Laboratory of Molecular and Statistical Genetics, College of Life Sciences, Hunan Normal University, 410081 Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Hong-Wen Deng
- Laboratory of Molecular and Statistical Genetics, College of Life Sciences, Hunan Normal University, 410081 Changsha, Hunan, China
- Tulane Center of Biomedical Informatics and Genomics, Deming Department of Medicine, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, LA 70112, USA
- School of Basic Medical Science, Central South University, 410008 Changsha, Hunan, China
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Sun P, Antwi SO, Sartorius K, Zheng X, Li X. Tumor Microenvironment, Clinical Features, and Advances in Therapy for Bone Metastasis in Gastric Cancer. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:cancers14194888. [PMID: 36230816 PMCID: PMC9563035 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14194888] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2022] [Revised: 09/30/2022] [Accepted: 10/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Gastric cancer (GC) is one of the most malignant neoplasms worldwide, accounting for about 770,000 deaths in 2020. The incidence of gastric cancer bone metastasis (GC-BM) is low, about 0.9–13.4%, and GC patients develop GC-BM because of a suitable bone microenvironment. Osteoblasts, osteoclasts, and tumor cells interact with each other, secreting cytokines such as PTHrP, RANK-L, IL-6, and other growth factors that disrupt the normal bone balance and promote tumor growth. The functions and numbers of immune cells in the bone microenvironment are continuously inhibited, resulting in bone balance disorder due to the cytokines released from destroyed bone and growing tumor cells. Patients with GC-BM are generally younger than 65 years old and they often present with a later stage of the disease, as well as more aggressive tumors. They usually have shorter overall survival (OS) because of the occurrence of skeletal-related events (SREs) and undetected bone destruction due to the untimely bone inspection. Current treatments of GC-BM focus mainly on gastric cancer and SRE-related treatment. This article reviews the clinical features, possible molecular pathogeneses, and the most commonly used diagnostic methods and treatments of bone metastasis in gastric cancer.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Pengcheng Sun
- Department of Tumor Biological Treatment, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Changzhou 213004, China
- Department of Oncology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Changzhou 213004, China
| | - Samuel O. Antwi
- Department of Quantitative Health Sciences, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL 32224, USA
- The Africa Hepatopancreatobiliary Cancer Consortium (AHPBCC), Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL 32224, USA
| | - Kurt Sartorius
- The Africa Hepatopancreatobiliary Cancer Consortium (AHPBCC), Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL 32224, USA
- School of Laboratory Medicine and Molecular Sciences, College of Health Sciences, University of Kwazulu-Natal, Durban 4041, South Africa
- UKZN Gastrointestinal Cancer Research Unit, University of Kwazulu-Natal, Durban 4041, South Africa
| | - Xiao Zheng
- Department of Tumor Biological Treatment, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Changzhou 213004, China
- Correspondence: (X.Z.); (X.L.)
| | - Xiaodong Li
- Department of Oncology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Changzhou 213004, China
- The Africa Hepatopancreatobiliary Cancer Consortium (AHPBCC), Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL 32224, USA
- Correspondence: (X.Z.); (X.L.)
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Bone Health in Osteosarcoma at Presentation and Its Impact on Cancer Treatment: A Case Series of 3 Pediatric Patients. J Pediatr Hematol Oncol 2022; 44:e782-e787. [PMID: 35091517 DOI: 10.1097/mph.0000000000002400] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2021] [Accepted: 12/12/2021] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Osteosarcoma is the most common pediatric malignant bone tumor. Concomitant osteoporosis has typically been attributed to oncologic therapy. The present case series is aimed to describe 3 patients who presented with osteoporosis or osteopenia before, or early in, their oncology treatment. In our patients, bone health and its complications had significant impacts including pain, reduced mobility, prolonged admission, and delays in recovery. Our patients experienced improvement with resection of their primary tumor and with bisphosphonate infusion. Future studies are required to determine the prevalence osteoporosis at presentation of osteosarcoma and the role of bisphosphonates.
Collapse
|
17
|
Hu Y, Mu P, Ma X, Shi J, Zhong Z, Huang L. Rhizoma drynariae total flavonoids combined with calcium carbonate ameliorates bone loss in experimentally induced Osteoporosis in rats via the regulation of Wnt3a/β-catenin pathway. J Orthop Surg Res 2021; 16:702. [PMID: 34863225 PMCID: PMC8642843 DOI: 10.1186/s13018-021-02842-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2021] [Accepted: 11/15/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Rhizoma drynariae, a traditional Chinese herb, is commonly used in treatment of bone healing in osteoporotic fractures. However, whether the Rhizoma drynariae total flavonoids (RDTF) can promote the absorption of calcium and enhance the bone formation is unclear. The aim of the present study was to investigate the preventive effects of RDTF combined with calcium carbonate (CaCO3) on estrogen deficiency-induced bone loss. Methods Three-month-old Sprague–Dawley rats were ovariectomized (OVX) and then treated with CaCO3, RDTF, and their admixtures for ten weeks, respectively. The bone trabecular microstructure, bone histopathological examination, and serum biomarkers of bone formation and resorption were determined in the rat femur tissue. The contents of osteoprotegerin (OPG), receptor activator of the NF-κB (RANK), and its ligand (RANKL) in marrow were analyzed by ELISA, and the protein expressions of Wnt3a, β-catenin, and phosphorylated β-catenin (p-β-catenin) were analyzed by Western blot. Statistical analysis was conducted by using one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) followed by LSD post hoc analysis or independent samples t test using the scientific statistic software SPSS version 20.0 Results RDTF combined with CaCO3 could promote osteosis and ameliorate bone loss to improve the repair of cracked bone trabeculae of OVX rats. Furthermore, RDTF combined with CaCO3 also could prevent OVX-induced decrease in collagen fibers in the femoral tissue of ovariectomized rats and promote the regeneration of new bone or cartilage tissue, while CaCO3 supplementation promoted the increase in bone mineral content. Nevertheless, there was no difference in the expression of Wnt3a, β-catenin and p-β-catenin between osteopenic rats and RDTF treated rats, but RDTF combined with CaCO3 could activate the Wnt3a/β-catenin pathway. Conclusions RDTF combined with CaCO3 could ameliorate estrogen deficiency-induced bone loss via the regulation of Wnt3a/β-catenin pathway.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yimei Hu
- Affiliated Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 610075, Sichuan, China.
| | - Panyun Mu
- Affiliated Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 610075, Sichuan, China
| | - Xu Ma
- Affiliated Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 610075, Sichuan, China
| | - Jingru Shi
- Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 610075, Sichuan, China
| | - Zhendong Zhong
- Institute for Laboratory Animal Research, Sichuan Academy of Medical Sciences & Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, Chengdu, China
| | | |
Collapse
|
18
|
Chen H, Liu L, Li Y, Guo L, Sun D. Comparison of cytokine level changes in gingival crevicular fluid between the aligner and pendulum appliance during early molar distalization : A single-center, prospective, observational study. J Orofac Orthop 2021:10.1007/s00056-021-00359-2. [PMID: 34677622 DOI: 10.1007/s00056-021-00359-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2021] [Accepted: 09/01/2021] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE There is currently a lack of evidence pertaining to gingival crevicular fluid cytokine levels in patients treated with the pendulum appliance. This study aimed to compare changes in cytokine secretion levels in gingival crevicular fluid (GFC) between the aligner and pendulum appliance in patients undergoing molar distalization. METHODS GFC samples were collected from 28 participants with asymmetrical dental class II malocclusion who were undergoing molar distalization using aligners or pendulum appliances. An enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay was used to detect cytokine secretion levels during asymmetrical molar distalization for up to 14 days. Periodontal health indices and tooth movements were also assessed. RESULTS No significant difference was found for the distalization distance between the two appliances. The Silness and Loe Plaque Index and Lobene Modified Gingival Index increased in the pendulum group but not in the aligner group at 14 days. Interleukin-1β and tumor necrosis factor‑α were upregulated in both groups. In the pendulum group, receptor activator of nuclear factor kappa‑Β ligand and osteoprotegerin secretion levels were significantly upregulated and downregulated, respectively; smaller changes in these two cytokines were observed in the aligner group. CONCLUSIONS Pendulum appliances exert stronger forces than aligners, which cause more changes in the secretion of inflammatory mediators in young patients.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Huijuan Chen
- Department of Stomatology, Shanghai Fifth People's Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Liuhui Liu
- Department of Stomatology, Shanghai Fifth People's Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yuan Li
- Department of Stomatology, Shanghai Fifth People's Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Lingyun Guo
- Department of Stomatology, Shanghai East Hospital, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Dongmei Sun
- Department of Stomatology, Renhe Hospital, Shanghai, China.
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Osteosarcoma in Children: Not Only Chemotherapy. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2021; 14:ph14090923. [PMID: 34577623 PMCID: PMC8471047 DOI: 10.3390/ph14090923] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2021] [Revised: 09/06/2021] [Accepted: 09/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Osteosarcoma (OS) is the most severe bone malignant tumor, responsible for altered osteoid deposition and with a high rate of metastasis. It is characterized by heterogeneity, chemoresistance and its interaction with bone microenvironment. The 5-year survival rate is about 67% for patients with localized OS, while it remains at 20% in case of metastases. The standard therapy for OS patients is represented by neoadjuvant chemotherapy, surgical resection, and adjuvant chemotherapy. The most used chemotherapy regimen for children is the combination of high-dose methotrexate, doxorubicin, and cisplatin. Considered that the necessary administration of high-dose chemotherapy is responsible for a lot of acute and chronic side effects, the identification of novel therapeutic strategies to ameliorate OS outcome and the patients' life expectancy is necessary. In this review we provide an overview on new possible innovative therapeutic strategies in OS.
Collapse
|
20
|
Cheng M, Tan B, Wu X, Liao F, Wang F, Huang Z. Gut Microbiota Is Involved in Alcohol-Induced Osteoporosis in Young and Old Rats Through Immune Regulation. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2021; 11:636231. [PMID: 34336709 PMCID: PMC8317599 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2021.636231] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2021] [Accepted: 06/30/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Long-term and excessive alcohol consumption are risk factors for osteoporosis. Excessive drinking can reduce bone density and also cause imbalance of gut microbiota. And gut microbiota can affect bone metabolism through various mechanisms, and the regulation of gut microbiota is closely related to age. However, the effects of gut microbiota on alcohol-induced osteoporosis at different ages are unclear. In this study, young and old rats were used to induce osteoporosis by long-term alcohol consumption, and alcohol metabolism, bone morphology, bone absorption and immune activity of rats were analyzed to determine the effects of alcohol on rats of different ages. In addition, changes of gut microbiota in rats were analyzed to explore the role of gut microbiota in alcohol-induced osteoporosis in rats of different ages. The results showed the ability of alcohol metabolism was only associated with age, but not with alcohol consumption. Long-term alcohol consumption resulted in the changes of bone metabolism regulating hormones, bone loss, activation of receptor activator of NF-κB ligand (RANKL) signaling and inflammatory response. And osteoporosis was more severe in old rats than young rats, suggesting that alcohol-induced osteoporosis is age-related. In addition, long-term drinking also affected the composition of gut microbiota in rats, with a significant increase in the proportion of pro-inflammatory microorganisms. Overall, this study found that long-term alcohol consumption induced osteoporosis and affected the composition of gut microbiota. And alcohol can activate T lymphocytes directly or indirectly by regulating the changes of gut microbiota to produce cytokines, and further activate osteoclasts. In addition, the osteoporosis was more severe in the old rats than young rats, which may be due to the higher diversity and stronger regulation ability of gut microbiota in young rats compared with old rats.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ming Cheng
- Department of Rehabilitation, Jinniu District People's Hospital of Chengdu, Chengdu, China.,Department of Orthopedics, Sichuan Academy of Medical Sciences & Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, Chengdu, China
| | - Bo Tan
- Department of Orthopedics, Sichuan Academy of Medical Sciences & Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, Chengdu, China
| | - Xiaojing Wu
- Department of Orthopedics, Sichuan Academy of Medical Sciences & Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, Chengdu, China
| | - Feng Liao
- Department of Orthopedics, Sichuan Academy of Medical Sciences & Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, Chengdu, China
| | - Fei Wang
- Department of Orthopedics, Sichuan Academy of Medical Sciences & Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, Chengdu, China
| | - Zuoyao Huang
- Department of Orthopaedics, Jinniu District People's Hospital of Chengdu, Chengdu, China
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Zhao X, Patil S, Xu F, Lin X, Qian A. Role of Biomolecules in Osteoclasts and Their Therapeutic Potential for Osteoporosis. Biomolecules 2021; 11:747. [PMID: 34067783 PMCID: PMC8156890 DOI: 10.3390/biom11050747] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2021] [Revised: 05/12/2021] [Accepted: 05/13/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Osteoclasts (OCs) are important cells that are involved in the regulation of bone metabolism and are mainly responsible for coordinating bone resorption with bone formation to regulate bone remodeling. The imbalance between bone resorption and formation significantly affects bone metabolism. When the activity of osteoclasts exceeds the osteoblasts, it results in a condition called osteoporosis, which is characterized by reduced bone microarchitecture, decreased bone mass, and increased occurrences of fracture. Molecules, including transcription factors, proteins, hormones, nucleic acids, such as non-coding RNAs, play an important role in osteoclast proliferation, differentiation, and function. In this review, we have highlighted the role of these molecules in osteoclasts regulation and osteoporosis. The developed therapeutics targeting these molecules for the treatment of osteoporosis in recent years have also been discussed with challenges faced in clinical application.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xin Zhao
- School of Pharmacy, Shaanxi Institute of International Trade & Commerce, Xi’an 712046, China;
| | - Suryaji Patil
- Xi’an Key Laboratory of Special Medicine and Health Engineering, Key Lab for Space Biosciences and Biotechnology, Research Center for Special Medicine and Health Systems Engineering, NPU-UAB Joint Laboratory for Bone Metabolism, School of Life Sciences, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi’an 710072, China; (S.P.); (F.X.); (X.L.)
| | - Fang Xu
- Xi’an Key Laboratory of Special Medicine and Health Engineering, Key Lab for Space Biosciences and Biotechnology, Research Center for Special Medicine and Health Systems Engineering, NPU-UAB Joint Laboratory for Bone Metabolism, School of Life Sciences, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi’an 710072, China; (S.P.); (F.X.); (X.L.)
| | - Xiao Lin
- Xi’an Key Laboratory of Special Medicine and Health Engineering, Key Lab for Space Biosciences and Biotechnology, Research Center for Special Medicine and Health Systems Engineering, NPU-UAB Joint Laboratory for Bone Metabolism, School of Life Sciences, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi’an 710072, China; (S.P.); (F.X.); (X.L.)
| | - Airong Qian
- Xi’an Key Laboratory of Special Medicine and Health Engineering, Key Lab for Space Biosciences and Biotechnology, Research Center for Special Medicine and Health Systems Engineering, NPU-UAB Joint Laboratory for Bone Metabolism, School of Life Sciences, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi’an 710072, China; (S.P.); (F.X.); (X.L.)
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Osteosarcoma, chondrosarcoma and Ewing sarcoma: Clinical aspects, biomarker discovery and liquid biopsy. Crit Rev Oncol Hematol 2021; 162:103340. [PMID: 33894338 DOI: 10.1016/j.critrevonc.2021.103340] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2020] [Revised: 03/18/2021] [Accepted: 03/31/2021] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Bone sarcomas, although rare, are associated with significant morbidity and mortality. The most frequent primary bone cancers include osteosarcoma, chondrosarcoma and Ewing sarcoma. The treatment approaches are heterogeneous and mainly chosen based on precise tumour staging. Unfortunately, clinical outcome has not changed significantly in over 30 years and tumour grade is still the best prognosticator of metastatic disease and survival. An option to improve this scenario is to identify molecular biomarkers in the early stage of the disease, or even before the disease onset. Blood-based liquid biopsies are a promising, non-invasive way to achieve this goal and there are an increasing number of studies which investigate their potential application in bone cancer diagnosis, prognosis and personalised therapy. This review summarises the interplay between clinical and molecular aspects of the three main bone sarcomas, alongside biomarker discovery and promising applications of liquid biopsy in each tumour context.
Collapse
|
23
|
Clézardin P, Coleman R, Puppo M, Ottewell P, Bonnelye E, Paycha F, Confavreux CB, Holen I. Bone metastasis: mechanisms, therapies, and biomarkers. Physiol Rev 2020; 101:797-855. [PMID: 33356915 DOI: 10.1152/physrev.00012.2019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 142] [Impact Index Per Article: 35.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Skeletal metastases are frequent complications of many cancers, causing bone complications (fractures, bone pain, disability) that negatively affect the patient's quality of life. Here, we first discuss the burden of skeletal complications in cancer bone metastasis. We then describe the pathophysiology of bone metastasis. Bone metastasis is a multistage process: long before the development of clinically detectable metastases, circulating tumor cells settle and enter a dormant state in normal vascular and endosteal niches present in the bone marrow, which provide immediate attachment and shelter, and only become active years later as they proliferate and alter the functions of bone-resorbing (osteoclasts) and bone-forming (osteoblasts) cells, promoting skeletal destruction. The molecular mechanisms involved in mediating each of these steps are described, and we also explain how tumor cells interact with a myriad of interconnected cell populations in the bone marrow, including a rich vascular network, immune cells, adipocytes, and nerves. We discuss metabolic programs that tumor cells could engage with to specifically grow in bone. We also describe the progress and future directions of existing bone-targeted agents and report emerging therapies that have arisen from recent advances in our understanding of the pathophysiology of bone metastases. Finally, we discuss the value of bone turnover biomarkers in detection and monitoring of progression and therapeutic effects in patients with bone metastasis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Philippe Clézardin
- INSERM, Research Unit UMR_S1033, LyOS, Faculty of Medicine Lyon-Est, University of Lyon 1, Lyon, France.,Department of Oncology and Metabolism, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, United Kingdom
| | - Rob Coleman
- Department of Oncology and Metabolism, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, United Kingdom
| | - Margherita Puppo
- Department of Oncology and Metabolism, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, United Kingdom
| | - Penelope Ottewell
- Department of Oncology and Metabolism, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, United Kingdom
| | - Edith Bonnelye
- INSERM, Research Unit UMR_S1033, LyOS, Faculty of Medicine Lyon-Est, University of Lyon 1, Lyon, France
| | - Frédéric Paycha
- Service de Médecine Nucléaire, Hôpital Lariboisière, Paris, France
| | - Cyrille B Confavreux
- INSERM, Research Unit UMR_S1033, LyOS, Faculty of Medicine Lyon-Est, University of Lyon 1, Lyon, France.,Service de Rhumatologie Sud, CEMOS-Centre Expert des Métastases Osseuses, Centre Hospitalier Lyon Sud, Hospices Civils de Lyon, Lyon, France
| | - Ingunn Holen
- Department of Oncology and Metabolism, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, United Kingdom
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Study on the morphological and metabolic changes of femur in laying hens with hypophosphatemia. Res Vet Sci 2020; 134:127-136. [PMID: 33360573 DOI: 10.1016/j.rvsc.2020.12.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2020] [Revised: 11/03/2020] [Accepted: 12/11/2020] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Layer fatigue syndrome caused by the lack of calcium and phosphorus can cause fracture in laying hens. The effect of phosphorus deficiency on the femur of laying hens with layer fatigue syndrome has not been studied. In this study, sixty 22-week-old Roman white layers were randomly divided into control group (group C) and low phosphorus group (group P), 30 individuals in each group. The available phosphorus content of group P was 0.18%. At the age of 26, 30 and 34 weeks, the production performance, biomechanical index, protein expression, histopathological change of femur and serological index were detected. The results showed that the laying rate, egg quality and body weight of laying hens, bone density, cortical bone thickness, rigidity, flexural modulus, flexural rigidity, the maximum load of femur and expression of osteocalcin (OCN), receptor activator of nuclear factor kappa-Β (RANK) and receptor activator of nuclear factor kappa-Β ligand (RANKL) decreased of group P. The number of osteocytes was decreased, and the voids was increased. However, cell lacunae were not obvious. The levels of phosphorus, calcium and OCN were increased, and the content of estradiol (E2), OPG and calcitonin (CT) were decreased in serum. In conclusion, the low phosphorus diet can induce layer fatigue syndrome and affect the content of OPG and E2 in serum and the expression of OCN, OPG, RANK and RANKL in femur protein, which leads to the imbalance of bone homeostasis, the thinning of femur cortex bone and the decrease of bone density.
Collapse
|
25
|
Parsanathan R, Achari AE, Manna P, Jain SK. l-Cysteine and Vitamin D Co-Supplementation Alleviates Markers of Musculoskeletal Disorders in Vitamin D-Deficient High-Fat Diet-Fed Mice. Nutrients 2020; 12:nu12113406. [PMID: 33171932 PMCID: PMC7694620 DOI: 10.3390/nu12113406] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2020] [Revised: 10/30/2020] [Accepted: 11/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Vitamin D (VD) deficiency is associated with musculoskeletal disorders. This study examines whether co-supplementation of l-cysteine (LC) and VD is better than monotherapy with LC or VD at alleviating musculoskeletal dyshomeostasis in the skeletal muscle of VD-deficient high-fat diet (HFD-VD-) fed mice. Mice were fed a healthy diet or an HFD; for VD-deficient animals, the mice were maintained on a HFD-VD-diet (16 weeks); after the first 8 weeks, the HFD-VD-diet-fed mice were supplemented for another 8 weeks with LC, VD-alone, or the same doses of LC + VD by oral gavage. Saline and olive oil served as controls. Myotubes were exposed with high-glucose, palmitate, Monocyte Chemoattractant Protein 1 (MCP-1), and Tumor Necrosis Factor (TNF), to mimic the in vivo microenvironment. In vitro deficiencies of glutathione and hydrogen sulfide were induced by knockdown of GCLC and CSE genes. Relative gene expression of biomarkers (myogenic: MyoD, Mef2c, Csrp3; muscle dystrophy: Atrogin1, Murf1, and Myostatin; bone modeling and remodeling: RANK, RANKL, OPG) were analyzed using qRT-PCR. Co-supplementatoin with LC + VD showed beneficial effects on gene expression of myogenic markers and OPG but reduced markers of dystrophy, RANK/RANKL in comparison to LC or VD alone-supplementation. In vitro myotubes treated with glutathione (GSH) precursors also showed a positive effect on OPG and the myogenesis genes, and inhibited RANK/RANKL and muscle-dystrophy markers. This study reveals that the co-supplementation of LC with VD significantly alleviates the markers of musculoskeletal disorders in the skeletal muscle better than monotherapy with LC or VD in HFD-VD-fed mice.
Collapse
|
26
|
Montefusco V, Mussetti A, Salas MQ, Martinelli G, Cerchione C. Old and new generation proteasome inhibitors in multiple myeloma. Panminerva Med 2020; 62:193-206. [PMID: 32957744 DOI: 10.23736/s0031-0808.20.04148-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Proteasome inhibitors (PIs) represent a recently developed drug class that inhibit the ubiquitin-proteasome system, thus interfering with the intracellular machinery who has the duty of misfolded proteins disposal. Myeloma plasma cells are structurally aimed at the production of large quantities of immunoglobulins. This explains their vulnerability to any perturbation of intracellular protein homeostasis. Bortezomib is the first-in-class PI and nowadays, in combination with other compounds, is the cornerstone of multiple myeloma (MM) treatment in several settings. Bortezomib has several attractive features for its inclusion in the induction phase of therapy: high efficacy, rapid cytoreduction, absence of nephrotoxicity, fast reduction of plasmacytomas, and fast pain control. However, the safety profile of bortezomib is characterized by a not negligible peripheral neuropathy. Newer PIs, such as carfilzomib and ixazomib, have been developed and each offers specific advantages. Carfilzomib is extremely efficient in proteasome inhibition. This results in high efficacy but suffers from a significant cardiotoxicity. Ixazomib is the first oral PI with a proteasome inhibition profile similar to bortezomib, with lower neurotoxicity. PIs mechanism of action is complementary with other drug classes, and this explains the synergism between PIs and other drugs, in particular steroids and immunomodulators. PIs are frequently used in doublets and triplets. Also, they can be associated with anti-CD38 monoclonal antibodies. This review summarizes the principal biological and clinical features of PIs in the MM treatment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Alberto Mussetti
- Department Clinical Hematology, Institut Català d'Oncologia-Hospitalet, Barcelona, Spain.,Institut d'Investigació Biomèdica de Bellvitge (IDIBELL), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Maria Q Salas
- Department Clinical Hematology, Institut Català d'Oncologia-Hospitalet, Barcelona, Spain.,Institut d'Investigació Biomèdica de Bellvitge (IDIBELL), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Giovanni Martinelli
- Unit of Hematology, IRCCS Istituto Scientifico Romagnolo per lo Studio e la Cura dei Tumori (IRST), Meldola, Forlì-Cesena, Italy
| | - Claudio Cerchione
- Unit of Hematology, IRCCS Istituto Scientifico Romagnolo per lo Studio e la Cura dei Tumori (IRST), Meldola, Forlì-Cesena, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
27
|
Wang Q, Ge G, Liang X, Bai J, Wang W, Zhang W, Zheng K, Yang S, Wei M, Yang H, Xu Y, Liu B, Geng D. Punicalagin ameliorates wear-particle-induced inflammatory bone destruction by bi-directional regulation of osteoblastic formation and osteoclastic resorption. Biomater Sci 2020; 8:5157-5171. [PMID: 32840273 DOI: 10.1039/d0bm00718h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Periprosthetic osteolysis (PPO) and subsequent aseptic loosening are the main causes of implant failure and revision surgery. Emerging evidence has suggested that wear-particle-induced chronic inflammation, osteoblast inhibition and osteoclast formation at the biointerface of implant materials are responsible for PPO. Punicalagin (PCG), a polyphenolic compound molecularly extracted from pomegranate rinds, plays a critical role in antioxidant, anticancer and anti-inflammatory activities. However, whether PCG could attenuate chronic inflammation and bone destruction at sites of titanium (Ti)-particle-induced osteolysis remains to be determined. In this study, we explored the effect of PCG on Ti-particle-induced osteolysis in vivo and osteoblast and osteoclast differentiation in vitro. We found that PCG could relieve wear-particle-induced bone destruction in a murine calvarial osteolysis model by increasing bone formation activity and suppressing bone resorption activity. PCG treatment also reduced the Ti-particle-induced inflammatory response in vivo and vitro. In addition, we also observed that PCG promotes osteogenic differentiation of MC3T3-E1 cells under inflammatory conditions and inhibits RANKL-induced osteoclast formation of bone marrow-derived macrophages (BMMs). Meanwhile, the induction of the RANKL to OPG ratio was reversed by PCG treatment in vivo and in vitro, which demonstrated that PCG could also indirectly inhibit osteoclastogenesis. Collectively, our findings suggest that PCG represents a potential approach for the treatment of wear-particle-induced inflammatory osteolysis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Qing Wang
- Department of Orthopaedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, 215006, China.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
28
|
Li EQ, Zhang JL. Therapeutic effects of triptolide from Tripterygium wilfordii Hook. f. on interleukin-1-beta-induced osteoarthritis in rats. Eur J Pharmacol 2020; 883:173341. [PMID: 32634440 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2020.173341] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2020] [Revised: 06/28/2020] [Accepted: 06/29/2020] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
Osteoarthritis (OA) is a common yet destructive disease affecting the articular cartilage, and is a major cause of immense suffering and disability for millions of people. Previous studies have shown that triptolide (TPL), an active compound derived from Tripterygium wilfordii, has potent immunosuppressive and anti-inflammatory activities useful for treating chronic diseases. However, whether TPL has immunosuppressive activity against OA is not known. In this study, we assessed the therapeutic effects of TPL on interleukin-1-beta (IL-1β)-induced OA in rats. Histological and protein analyses revealed that TPL not only could inhibit interleukin-6 (IL-6) and cyclooxygenase-2 (COX2) protein expression in cells and disrupt inflammation, but it also reduced the expression of matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-3 and 13. Our results also supported the ability of TPL to suppress the osteoprotegerin/receptor activator of nuclear factor kappa-beta (NF-κB)/receptor activator of NF-κB ligand (OPG/RANK/RANKL) and NF-κB signaling pathways induced by IL-1β. Together these data suggest that TPL may be a potentially valuable treatment for OA, regulating associated inflammation and pain.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- En-Qi Li
- Department of Orthopedics, Tianjin Hospital, Tianjin, 300211, China
| | - Jin-Li Zhang
- Department of Orthopedics, Tianjin Hospital, Tianjin, 300211, China.
| |
Collapse
|
29
|
Győri DS, Mócsai A. Osteoclast Signal Transduction During Bone Metastasis Formation. Front Cell Dev Biol 2020; 8:507. [PMID: 32637413 PMCID: PMC7317091 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2020.00507] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2019] [Accepted: 05/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Osteoclasts are myeloid lineage-derived bone-resorbing cells of hematopoietic origin. They differentiate from myeloid precursors through a complex regulation process where the differentiation of preosteoclasts is followed by intercellular fusion to generate large multinucleated cells. Under physiological conditions, osteoclastogenesis is primarily directed by interactions between CSF-1R and macrophage colony-stimulating factor (M-CSF, CSF-1), receptor activator of nuclear factor NF-κB (RANK) and RANK ligand (RANKL), as well as adhesion receptors (e.g., integrins) and their ligands. Osteoclasts play a central role in physiological and pathological bone resorption and are also required for excessive bone loss during osteoporosis, inflammatory bone and joint diseases (such as rheumatoid arthritis) and cancer cell-induced osteolysis. Due to the major role of osteoclasts in these diseases the better understanding of their intracellular signaling pathways can lead to the identification of potential novel therapeutic targets. Non-receptor tyrosine kinases and lipid kinases play major roles in osteoclasts and small-molecule kinase inhibitors are emerging new therapeutics in diseases with pathological bone loss. During the last few years, we and others have shown that certain lipid (such as phosphoinositide 3-kinases PI3Kβ and PI3Kδ) and tyrosine (Src−family and Syk) kinases play a critical role in osteoclast differentiation and function in humans and mice. Some of these signaling pathways shows similarity to immunoreceptor-like receptor signaling and involves important other enzymes (e.g., PLCγ2) and adapter proteins (such as the ITAM−bearing adapters DAP12 and the Fc-receptor γ-chain). Here, we review recently identified osteoclast signaling pathways and their role in osteoclast differentiation and function as well as pathological bone loss associated with osteolytic tumors of the bone. A better understanding of osteoclast signaling may facilitate the design of novel and more efficient therapies for pathological bone resorption and osteolytic skeletal metastasis formation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Dávid S Győri
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Attila Mócsai
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| |
Collapse
|
30
|
Ahmad T, Byun H, Shin HJ, Lee J, Madhurakkat Perikamana SK, Kim EM, Shin YM, Shin H. Polydopamine-assisted one-step modification of nanofiber surfaces with adenosine to tune the osteogenic differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells and the maturation of osteoclasts. Biomater Sci 2020; 8:2825-2839. [PMID: 32343757 DOI: 10.1039/c9bm01990a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Adenosine and its receptors have emerged as alternative targets to control cellular functions for bone healing. However, the soluble delivery of adenosine has not proven effective because of its fast degradation in vivo. We therefore designed a stable coating of adenosine for biomaterial surfaces through polydopamine chemistry to control osteogenesis and osteoclastogenesis via A2bR signaling. First, we prepared electrospun poly (ι-lactic acid) (PLLA) nanofiber sheets, which were modified through a one-step adenosine polydopamine coating process. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) revealed deposition of particles on the adenosine polydopamine-coated PLLA (AP-PL) sheets compared to the polydopamine-only sheets. Moreover, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy analysis confirmed an increase in nitrogen signals due to adenosine. Furthermore, adenosine loading efficiency and retention were significantly enhanced in AP-PL sheets compared to polydopamine-only sheets. Human adipose-derived stem cells (hADSCs) cultured on AP-PL expressed A2bR (1.30 ± 0.19 fold) at significantly higher levels than those cultured on polydopamine-only sheets. This in turn significantly elevated the expression of Runx2 (16.94 ± 1.68 and 51.69 ± 0.07 fold), OPN (1.63 ± 0.16 and 30.56 ± 0.25 fold), OCN (1.16 ± 0.13 and 5.23 ± 0.16 fold), and OSX (10.01 ± 0.81 and 62.48 ± 0.25 fold) in cells grown in growth media on days 14 and 21, respectively. Similarly, mineral deposition was enhanced to a greater extent in the AP-PL group than the polydopamine group, while blocking of A2bR significantly downregulated osteogenesis. Finally, osteoclast differentiation of RAW 264.7 cells was significantly inhibited by growth on AP-PL sheets. However, osteoclast differentiation was significantly stimulated after A2bR was blocked. Taken together, we propose that polydopamine-assisted one-step coating of adenosine is a viable method for surface modification of biomaterials to control osteogenic differentiation of stem cells and bone healing.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Taufiq Ahmad
- Department of Bioengineering, Hanyang University, 222 Wangsimni-ro, Seongdong-gu, Seoul 04763, Republic of Korea.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
31
|
Heyman O, Horev Y, Koren N, Barel O, Aizenbud I, Aizenbud Y, Brandwein M, Shapira L, Hovav A, Wilensky A. Niche Specific Microbiota-Dependent and Independent Bone Loss around Dental Implants and Teeth. J Dent Res 2020; 99:1092-1101. [DOI: 10.1177/0022034520920577] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Oral mucosal homeostasis is achieved by complex immunologic mechanisms, orchestrating host immunity to adapt to the physiologic functions of the various specialized niches in the oral cavity. Dental implants introduce a novel mucosal niche to the immune system to deal with. Nevertheless, the immune mechanisms engaged toward implants and whether they have broader effects are not well defined. Using a murine model, we found an accumulation of neutrophils and RANKL-expressing T and B lymphocytes in the implant-surrounding mucosa, accompanied by local bone loss. Surprisingly, the presence of implants had an impact on remote periodontal sites, as elevated inflammation and accelerated bone loss were detected in intact distant teeth. This was due to microbial dysbiosis induced by the implants, since antibiotic treatment prevented bone loss around teeth. However, antibiotic treatment failed to prevent the loss of implant-supporting bone, highlighting the distinct mechanisms mediating bone loss at each site. Further analysis revealed that implants induced chronic lymphocyte activation and increased mRNA expression of IFN-α and accumulation of IFN-α–producing plasmacytoid dendritic cells, which we previously reported as bone-destructive immune responses. Collectively, this study demonstrates that implants have a strong and broad impact on oral mucosal homeostasis, inducing periodontal bone loss in a niche-specific manner that is both microbiota dependent and independent.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- O. Heyman
- Department of Periodontology, Faculty of Dental Medicine, Hebrew University–Hadassah Medical Center, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Y. Horev
- Department of Periodontology, Faculty of Dental Medicine, Hebrew University–Hadassah Medical Center, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - N. Koren
- The Institute of Dental Sciences, Faculty of Dental Medicine, Hebrew University, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - O. Barel
- The Institute of Dental Sciences, Faculty of Dental Medicine, Hebrew University, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - I. Aizenbud
- The Institute of Dental Sciences, Faculty of Dental Medicine, Hebrew University, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Y. Aizenbud
- The Institute of Dental Sciences, Faculty of Dental Medicine, Hebrew University, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - M. Brandwein
- The Institute of Dental Sciences, Faculty of Dental Medicine, Hebrew University, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - L. Shapira
- Department of Periodontology, Faculty of Dental Medicine, Hebrew University–Hadassah Medical Center, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - A.H. Hovav
- The Institute of Dental Sciences, Faculty of Dental Medicine, Hebrew University, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - A. Wilensky
- Department of Periodontology, Faculty of Dental Medicine, Hebrew University–Hadassah Medical Center, Jerusalem, Israel
| |
Collapse
|
32
|
Hatate K, Kawashima C, Kayano M, Hanada M, Yamagishi N. Blood markers of osteoclastic differentiation in periparturient dairy cows at different parities, with and without milk fever. Res Vet Sci 2020; 131:301-305. [PMID: 32445936 DOI: 10.1016/j.rvsc.2020.05.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2020] [Revised: 05/10/2020] [Accepted: 05/11/2020] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Osteoprotegerin (OPG) inhibits osteoclast (OC) differentiation. TRAP5b (tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase 5b) secreted by OCs reflects the numbers of mature OCs. This study assessed these OC-related markers around parturition in cows of different parities and in cows with milk fever (MF). The blood OPG and TRAP5b concentrations, as well as the ratio of OPG to TRAP5b (O/T), were measured beginning 3 weeks before (-21 d) and over a few days after calving in 49 Holstein Friesian cows at first (n = 8), second (n = 17), third (n = 12), and fourth or greater (n = 12) parities. The ratio of O/T at -21 d to O/T at calving (PreCOT) was also calculated. In the third and greater parities, seven cows developed MF (non-MF, n = 17). Regardless of the development of MF, the serum OPG started to decline in the last week of gestation only in the cows entering the second lactation, while the blood TRAP5b increased at calving in all cows. O/T decreased toward parturition only in multiparous cows. The decrease in O/T at caving was less pronounced in MF cows. PreCOT was negatively correlated with lactation number only in multiparous cows (n = 41, ρ = -0.50, P < .01). This study implied that OC differentiation toward calving was tapered in cows with advanced parities, and these indexes predict the risk of MF.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kaoru Hatate
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, Obihiro University of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine, 2-11, Inada, Obihiro, Hokkaido, Japan; United Graduate School of Veterinary Sciences, Gifu University, 1-1 Yanagido, Gifu, Japan
| | - Chiho Kawashima
- Field Center of Animal Science and Agriculture, Obihiro University of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine, 2-11, Inada, Obihiro, Hokkaido, Japan
| | - Mitsunori Kayano
- Field Center of Animal Science and Agriculture, Obihiro University of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine, 2-11, Inada, Obihiro, Hokkaido, Japan; Research Center for Global Agromedicine, Obihiro University of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine, 2-11, Inada, Obihiro, Hokkaido, Japan
| | - Masaaki Hanada
- Department of Life Science and Agriculture, Obihiro University of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine, 2-11, Inada, Obihiro, Hokkaido, Japan
| | - Norio Yamagishi
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, Obihiro University of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine, 2-11, Inada, Obihiro, Hokkaido, Japan; United Graduate School of Veterinary Sciences, Gifu University, 1-1 Yanagido, Gifu, Japan.
| |
Collapse
|
33
|
Zarrer J, Haider MT, Smit DJ, Taipaleenmäki H. Pathological Crosstalk between Metastatic Breast Cancer Cells and the Bone Microenvironment. Biomolecules 2020; 10:biom10020337. [PMID: 32092997 PMCID: PMC7072692 DOI: 10.3390/biom10020337] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2020] [Revised: 02/15/2020] [Accepted: 02/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Bone is the most common metastatic site in breast cancer. Upon arrival to the bone, disseminated tumor cells can undergo a period of dormancy but often eventually grow and hijack the bone microenvironment. The bone marrow microenvironment consists of multiple cell types including the bone cells, adipocytes, endothelial cells, and nerve cells that all have crucial functions in the maintenance of bone homeostasis. Tumor cells severely disturb the tightly controlled cellular and molecular interactions in the bone marrow fueling their own survival and growth. While the role of bone resorbing osteoclasts in breast cancer bone metastases is well established, the function of other bone cells, as well as adipocytes, endothelial cells, and nerve cells is less understood. In this review, we discuss the composition of the physiological bone microenvironment and how the presence of tumor cells influences the microenvironment, creating a pathological crosstalk between the cells. A better understanding of the cellular and molecular events that occur in the metastatic bone microenvironment could facilitate the identification of novel cellular targets to treat this devastating disease.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jennifer Zarrer
- Molecular Skeletal Biology Laboratory, Department of Trauma, Hand and Reconstructive Surgery, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, 20246 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Marie-Therese Haider
- Molecular Skeletal Biology Laboratory, Department of Trauma, Hand and Reconstructive Surgery, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, 20246 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Daniel J. Smit
- Institute of Biochemistry and Signal Transduction, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, 20246 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Hanna Taipaleenmäki
- Molecular Skeletal Biology Laboratory, Department of Trauma, Hand and Reconstructive Surgery, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, 20246 Hamburg, Germany
- Correspondence:
| |
Collapse
|
34
|
Wiatr A, Swiezy K, Skladzien J, Wiatr M. Scanning Electron Microscopy in the Evaluation of Defects to the Ossicular Chain in the Course of Chronic Otitis Media. EAR, NOSE & THROAT JOURNAL 2019; 100:NP248-NP255. [PMID: 31565971 DOI: 10.1177/0145561319873913] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Chronic otitis media is a heterogeneous disorder. Chronic suppurative otitis media with cholesteatoma and, to a lesser extent, chronic otitis media with granulation lead to the destruction of bone structures within the middle ear. Bone loss may appear in the prominence of the horizontal semicircular canals and the bony canal of the facial nerve. The inflammatory process may spread to the bony labyrinth of the sigmoidal sinuses and the cranial cavities. MATERIALS AND METHODS The analysis comprised the examination of fragments of auditory ossicles removed during surgery in 21 patients with various types of chronic inflammation of the middle ear. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the usefulness of scanning electron microscopy in evaluating the erosion of middle ear ossicles in different types of chronic otitis media. Images captured at various magnifications were used for the best possible illustration of the observed lesions in bone tissue. RESULTS The observed lesions and the degree of bone surface damage were dependent on the type of chronic inflammation of the middle ear. The largest destructive changes in the ossicular chain were observed in chronic otitis media with cholesteatoma; smaller changes were observed in chronic otitis media with granulation. CONCLUSION In the case of damage to the ossicles inflicted by inflammation, the use of a modeled bone block made of a temporal bone taken from outside the tympanic cavity or a biomaterial prosthesis is a good choice in ossiculoplasty.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Agnieszka Wiatr
- Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, 49573Jagiellonian University Medical College, Kraków, Poland
| | - Katarzyna Swiezy
- Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, 49573Jagiellonian University Medical College, Kraków, Poland
| | - Jacek Skladzien
- Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, 49573Jagiellonian University Medical College, Kraków, Poland
| | - Maciej Wiatr
- Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, 49573Jagiellonian University Medical College, Kraków, Poland
| |
Collapse
|
35
|
The contribution of immune infiltrates and the local microenvironment in the pathogenesis of osteosarcoma. Cell Immunol 2019; 343:103711. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cellimm.2017.10.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 103] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2017] [Revised: 10/22/2017] [Accepted: 10/26/2017] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
|
36
|
Thrivikraman G, Athirasala A, Gordon R, Zhang L, Bergan R, Keene DR, Jones JM, Xie H, Chen Z, Tao J, Wingender B, Gower L, Ferracane JL, Bertassoni LE. Rapid fabrication of vascularized and innervated cell-laden bone models with biomimetic intrafibrillar collagen mineralization. Nat Commun 2019; 10:3520. [PMID: 31388010 PMCID: PMC6684598 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-019-11455-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 89] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2018] [Accepted: 07/16/2019] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Bone tissue, by definition, is an organic–inorganic nanocomposite, where metabolically active cells are embedded within a matrix that is heavily calcified on the nanoscale. Currently, there are no strategies that replicate these definitive characteristics of bone tissue. Here we describe a biomimetic approach where a supersaturated calcium and phosphate medium is used in combination with a non-collagenous protein analog to direct the deposition of nanoscale apatite, both in the intra- and extrafibrillar spaces of collagen embedded with osteoprogenitor, vascular, and neural cells. This process enables engineering of bone models replicating the key hallmarks of the bone cellular and extracellular microenvironment, including its protein-guided biomineralization, nanostructure, vasculature, innervation, inherent osteoinductive properties (without exogenous supplements), and cell-homing effects on bone-targeting diseases, such as prostate cancer. Ultimately, this approach enables fabrication of bone-like tissue models with high levels of biomimicry that may have broad implications for disease modeling, drug discovery, and regenerative engineering. Bone tissue is a complex organic-inorganic nanocomposite and strategies that replicate the characteristics of bone tissue are scarce. Here the authors demonstrate the deposition of nanoscale apatite in collagen embedded with mesenchymal, vascular and nerve cells, using a protein-guided biomineralization approach.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Greeshma Thrivikraman
- Division of Biomaterials and Biomechanics, Department of Restorative Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, OR, 97201, USA
| | - Avathamsa Athirasala
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, School of Medicine, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, OR, 97239, USA
| | - Ryan Gordon
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, Knight Cancer Institute, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, OR, 97239, USA
| | - Limin Zhang
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, Knight Cancer Institute, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, OR, 97239, USA
| | - Raymond Bergan
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, Knight Cancer Institute, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, OR, 97239, USA
| | | | - James M Jones
- Center for Regenerative Medicine, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, OR, 97239, USA
| | - Hua Xie
- Center for Regenerative Medicine, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, OR, 97239, USA
| | - Zhiqiang Chen
- Center for Electron Microscopy and Nanofabrication, Portland State University, Portland, OR, 97201, USA
| | - Jinhui Tao
- Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA, 99354, USA
| | - Brian Wingender
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, 32603, USA
| | - Laurie Gower
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, 32603, USA
| | - Jack L Ferracane
- Division of Biomaterials and Biomechanics, Department of Restorative Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, OR, 97201, USA
| | - Luiz E Bertassoni
- Division of Biomaterials and Biomechanics, Department of Restorative Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, OR, 97201, USA. .,Department of Biomedical Engineering, School of Medicine, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, OR, 97239, USA. .,Center for Regenerative Medicine, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, OR, 97239, USA. .,Cancer Early Detection Advanced Research (CEDAR), Knight Cancer Institute, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, OR, 97239, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
37
|
Zhang R, Liu J, Yu S, Sun D, Wang X, Fu J, Shen J, Xie Z. Osteoprotegerin (OPG) Promotes Recruitment of Endothelial Progenitor Cells (EPCs) via CXCR4 Signaling Pathway to Improve Bone Defect Repair. Med Sci Monit 2019; 25:5572-5579. [PMID: 31350844 PMCID: PMC6681686 DOI: 10.12659/msm.916838] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of using osteoprotegerin (OPG) to treat bone defects mediated by endothelial progenitor cell (EPC) recruitment and migration through the CXCR4 signaling pathway. Material/Methods The EPCs extracted from human peripheral blood were cultured in vitro and the expression of CXCR4 and its downstream p-AKT was monitored by the Western blot analysis after OPG treatment. Using the scratch wound healing test and Transwell assay, we assessed the variables influencing the effect of OPG on EPCs after pre-treatment with CXCR4 blocker (AMD3100) and PI3K blocker (Ly294002). After 4 weeks, the bone defect repair condition was estimated via micro-CT and staining with HE and Masson trichrome. Then, immunofluorescence staining was performed to assess angiogenesis in bone defects, while the expression of EPC marker and vascular endothelial growth factor receptor 2 (VEGFR2) was detected by immunohistochemical staining. Results The EPCs treated with OPG had increased levels of CXCR4 and p-AKT. Moreover, the difference in EPC levels among groups in the scratch wound healing experiment and migration experiment indicated that the OPG treatment promoted cell migration and AMD3100 and LY294002 inhibited the function of OPG. In addition, OPG promoted angiogenesis and repair of bone defect in rats, and these effects were abolished by AMD3100 and LY294002 administration. Conclusions OPG enhanced the proliferation and migration of EPCs through the CXCR4 pathway and promoted angiogenesis and bone formation at bone defect sites.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rongfeng Zhang
- National and Regional United Engineering Laboratory of Tissue Engineering, Department of Orthopedics, Southwest Hospital, Army Medical University (Third Military Medical University), Chongqing, China (mainland)
| | - Jianwei Liu
- Department of Orthopedics, The First People's Hospital of Chenzhou, Chenzhou, Hunan, China (mainland)
| | - Shengpeng Yu
- National and Regional United Engineering Laboratory of Tissue Engineering, Department of Orthopedics, Southwest Hospital, Army Medical University (Third Military Medical University), Chongqing, China (mainland)
| | - Dong Sun
- National and Regional United Engineering Laboratory of Tissue Engineering, Department of Orthopedics, Southwest Hospital, Army Medical University (Third Military Medical University), Chongqing, China (mainland)
| | - Xiaohua Wang
- National and Regional United Engineering Laboratory of Tissue Engineering, Department of Orthopedics, Southwest Hospital, Army Medical University (Third Military Medical University), Chongqing, China (mainland)
| | - Jingshu Fu
- National and Regional United Engineering Laboratory of Tissue Engineering, Department of Orthopedics, Southwest Hospital, Army Medical University (Third Military Medical University), Chongqing, China (mainland)
| | - Jie Shen
- National and Regional United Engineering Laboratory of Tissue Engineering, Department of Orthopedics, Southwest Hospital, Army Medical University (Third Military Medical University), Chongqing, China (mainland)
| | - Zhao Xie
- National and Regional United Engineering Laboratory of Tissue Engineering, Department of Orthopedics, Southwest Hospital, Army Medical University (Third Military Medical University), Chongqing, China (mainland)
| |
Collapse
|
38
|
Kwon Y, Park OJ, Kim J, Cho JH, Yun CH, Han SH. Cyclic Dinucleotides Inhibit Osteoclast Differentiation Through STING-Mediated Interferon-β Signaling. J Bone Miner Res 2019; 34:1366-1375. [PMID: 30779854 DOI: 10.1002/jbmr.3701] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2018] [Revised: 02/07/2019] [Accepted: 02/10/2019] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
Cyclic dinucleotides (CDNs), such as cyclic diadenylate monophosphate and cyclic diguanylate monophosphate, are commensal bacteria-derived second messengers in the gut that modulate bacterial survival, colonization, and biofilm formation. Recently, CDNs have been discovered to have an immunomodulatory activity by inducing the expression of type I interferon (IFN) through STING signaling pathway in macrophages. Because CDNs are possibly absorbed and delivered into the bone marrow, where bone-resorbing osteoclasts are derived from monocyte/macrophage lineages, CDNs could affect bone metabolism by regulating osteoclast differentiation. In this study, we investigated the effect of CDNs on the differentiation and function of osteoclasts and osteoblasts. When bone marrow-derived macrophages (BMMs) were differentiated into osteoclasts with macrophage colony-stimulating factor (M-CSF) and receptor activator of NF-κB ligand (RANKL) in the presence of CDNs, the differentiation was inhibited by CDNs in a dose-dependent manner. In contrast, CDNs did not influence the differentiation of committed osteoclasts or osteoblast precursors. STING signaling pathway appeared to be critical for CDNs-mediated inhibition of osteoclast differentiation since CDNs induced the phosphorylation of TBK1 and IRF3, a representative feature of STING activation, and osteoclast differentiation was restored in STING knockdown BMMs with siRNA. Moreover, CDNs increased the mRNA expression of STING-meditated IFN-β, which is a negative regulator of osteoclastogenesis. In addition, CDNs also induced the phosphorylation of STAT1, which mediates IFN-α/β receptor (IFNAR) signal transduction. The inhibitory effects of CDNs on osteoclast differentiation were not observed in the presence of antibody blocking IFNAR or in macrophages derived from IFNAR1-/- mice. Experiments using a mouse calvarial implantation model showed that RANKL-induced bone resorption was inhibited by CDNs. Taken together, these results suggest that CDNs inhibit osteoclast differentiation and bone resorption through induction of IFN-β via the STING signaling pathway. © 2019 American Society for Bone and Mineral Research.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yeongkag Kwon
- Department of Oral Microbiology and Immunology, DRI and BK21 Plus Program, School of Dentistry, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Ok-Jin Park
- Department of Oral Microbiology and Immunology, DRI and BK21 Plus Program, School of Dentistry, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jiseon Kim
- Department of Oral Microbiology and Immunology, DRI and BK21 Plus Program, School of Dentistry, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae-Ho Cho
- Academy of Immunology and Microbiology, Institute for Basic Science, Pohang, Republic of Korea
| | - Cheol-Heui Yun
- Department of Agricultural Biotechnology and Research Institute for Agriculture and Life Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Seung Hyun Han
- Department of Oral Microbiology and Immunology, DRI and BK21 Plus Program, School of Dentistry, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| |
Collapse
|
39
|
Heamatococcus pluvialis ameliorates bone loss in experimentally-induced osteoporosis in rats via the regulation of OPG/RANKL pathway. Biomed Pharmacother 2019; 116:109017. [PMID: 31158803 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2019.109017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2018] [Revised: 05/20/2019] [Accepted: 05/21/2019] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUNDS Osteoporosis prevailing in elderly involves a marked increase in bone resorption showing an initial fall in bone mineral density leading to a significant reduction in bone formation. AIM The present study aimed to investigate the effect of Heamatococcus pluvialis microalgae on osteoporosis in D-galactose-treated rats. The underlying mechanism was tracked targeting the osteoprotegerin (OPG)/ nuclear factor-κβ ligand (RANKL) pathway using micro-computed tomography scanning. METHODS Osteoporosis was induced in rats by intraperitoneal injection of D-galactose (200 mg/kg/day) for eight consecutive weeks. Osteoporotic rats were orally treated with H. pluvialis biomass (BHP; 450 mg/kg), its polar (PHP; 30 mg/kg) and carotenoid (CHP; 30 mg/kg) fractions for the last 2 weeks of D-Gal injection. Twenty four hours after the last dose of the treatments, tibia bones of the rats were scanned using micro-computed tomography scanning for bone mineral density (BMD), bone volume fraction (BV/TV), trabecular thickness/separation/number (Tb.Th, Tb.Sp, Tb.N) evaluation, blood samples were withdrawn and sera were used for biochemical assessment. Moreover, femur bones were examined histopathologically using several stains. RESULTS Induction of osteoporosis was associated with a marked reduction in BMD, BV/TV, Tb.Th, Tb.Sp, Tb.N and in serum levels of phosphorus and catalase. On the other hand, a significant elevation in serum levels of calcium, bone alkaline phosphatase (BALP) and interleukin-6 was observed. Moreover, up-regulation of OPG was detected in osteoporotic rats. Oral treatment with BHP, and PHP incremented tibia BMD and serum phosphorus level along with the decrease in serum levels of calcium, BALP, interleukin-6, OPG and RANKL. However, treatment with CHP almost restored all the fore mentioned parameters to normal values. Furthermore, the histopathological evaluation emphasized the biochemical outcomes. CONCLUSION H. pluvialis fractions rich in astaxanthin ameliorated bone loss in experimentally-induced osteoporosis in rats probably through the down-regulation of serum OPG in concurrence with up-regulation of serum RANKL.
Collapse
|
40
|
Koehler MI, Hartmann ES, Schluessel S, Beck F, Redeker JI, Schmitt B, Unger M, van Griensven M, Summer B, Fottner A, Mayer-Wagner S. Impact of Periprosthetic Fibroblast-Like Cells on Osteoclastogenesis in Co-Culture with Peripheral Blood Mononuclear Cells Varies Depending on Culture System. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:E2583. [PMID: 31130703 PMCID: PMC6567687 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20102583] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2019] [Revised: 05/21/2019] [Accepted: 05/23/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Co-culture studies investigating the role of periprosthetic fibroblasts (PPFs) in inflammatory osteoclastogenesis reveal contrary results, partly showing an osteoprotective function of fibroblasts and high OPG expression in monolayer. These data disagree with molecular analyses of original periosteolytic tissues. In order to find a more reliable model, PPFs were co-cultivated with peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) in a transwell system and compared to conventional monolayer cultures. The gene expression of key regulators of osteoclastogenesis (macrophage colony-stimulating factor (MCSF), receptor activator of NF-κB ligand (RANK-L), osteoprotegerin (OPG), and tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNFα)) as well as the ability of bone resorption were analyzed. In monolayer co-cultures, PPFs executed an osteoprotective function with high OPG-expression, low RANK-L/OPG ratios, and a resulting inhibition of osteolysis even in the presence of MCSF and RANK-L. For transwell co-cultures, profound changes in gene expression, with a more than hundredfold decrease of OPG and a significant upregulation of TNFα were observed. In conclusion, we were able to show that a change of culture conditions towards a transwell system resulted in a considerably more osteoclastogenic gene expression profile, being closer to findings in original periosteolytic tissues. This study therefore presents an interesting approach for a more reliable in vitro model to examine the role of fibroblasts in periprosthetic osteoclastogenesis in the future.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Miriam I Koehler
- Department of Orthopaedics, Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, University Hospital, LMU Munich, Marchioninistraße 15, 81377 Munich, Germany.
- Department of Cardiology and Vascular Medicine, West-German Heart and Vascular Center, University Duisburg-Essen, Hufelandstr. 55, 45147 Essen, Germany.
| | - Eliza S Hartmann
- Department of Orthopaedics, Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, University Hospital, LMU Munich, Marchioninistraße 15, 81377 Munich, Germany.
| | - Sabine Schluessel
- Department of Orthopaedics, Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, University Hospital, LMU Munich, Marchioninistraße 15, 81377 Munich, Germany.
| | - Felicitas Beck
- Department of Orthopaedics, Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, University Hospital, LMU Munich, Marchioninistraße 15, 81377 Munich, Germany.
| | - Julia I Redeker
- Department of Orthopaedics, Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, University Hospital, LMU Munich, Marchioninistraße 15, 81377 Munich, Germany.
| | - Baerbel Schmitt
- Department of Orthopaedics, Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, University Hospital, LMU Munich, Marchioninistraße 15, 81377 Munich, Germany.
| | - Marina Unger
- Experimental Trauma Surgery, Department of Trauma Surgery, Klinikum Rechts der Isar, Technical University of Munich, Ismaninger Strasse 22, 81675 Munich, Germany.
| | - Martijn van Griensven
- Experimental Trauma Surgery, Department of Trauma Surgery, Klinikum Rechts der Isar, Technical University of Munich, Ismaninger Strasse 22, 81675 Munich, Germany.
| | - Burkhard Summer
- Department of Dermatology, Ludwig-Maximilians-University, Frauenlobstr. 9-11, 80337 Munich, Germany.
| | - Andreas Fottner
- Department of Orthopaedics, Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, University Hospital, LMU Munich, Marchioninistraße 15, 81377 Munich, Germany.
| | - Susanne Mayer-Wagner
- Department of Orthopaedics, Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, University Hospital, LMU Munich, Marchioninistraße 15, 81377 Munich, Germany.
| |
Collapse
|
41
|
Nasser SM, Sahal A, Hamad A, Elazzazy S. Effect of denosumab versus zoledronic acid on calcium levels in cancer patients with bone metastasis: A retrospective cohort study. J Oncol Pharm Pract 2019; 25:1846-1852. [PMID: 31694497 PMCID: PMC6838728 DOI: 10.1177/1078155218820927] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Objective To identify the incidence of hypercalcemia and hypocalcemia in zoledronic acid and denosumab groups. Secondary objective was to determine the correlation between calcium supplement and calcium level control. Methods An observational retrospective cohort study was conducted by reviewing patient electronic records, laboratory results, and medication charts from 1 August 2015 to 31 July 2016. Adult cancer patients who were diagnosed with bone metastasis secondary to a solid tumor or multiple myeloma and who received either zoledronic acid or denosumab were included. Other indications for bone targeting agents were excluded. Data of bone targeting agents administration encounters were collected, evaluated, and analyzed. Results A total of 1141 encounters (for 271 patients) were included. The incidence of hypocalcemia was higher in denosumab compared to zoledronic acid group (5.5% vs. 3.1%, OR = 0.55, 95% CI [0.3–1.0]; P = 0.05). Hypercalcemia incidence was also higher in denosumab group (8.5% vs. 3.1%, OR = 2.9, 95% CI [1.68–5.03]; P < 0.0001). Breast cancer was the most common malignancy associated with hypocalcemia (27.3%) followed by ovarian cancer (25%) and multiple myeloma (22.7%). The risk of developing hypocalcemia was reduced by 16% in patients receiving calcium supplementation (RR = 0.84, 95% CI [0.55–1.20]; P = 0.39). Conclusion Denosumab use was associated with higher rates of both hypercalcemia and hypocalcemia compared to zoledronic acid. Adequate supplementation with calcium substantially reduced the risk of hypocalcemia. Our results highlight the importance of taking preventative measures upon bone targeting agents initiation and during treatment including regular monitoring of calcium levels and providing supplements accordingly.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sahar M Nasser
- Pharmacy Department, National Center of Cancer Care & Research, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha, Qatar
| | - Arwa Sahal
- Pharmacy Department, National Center of Cancer Care & Research, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha, Qatar
| | - Anas Hamad
- Pharmacy Department, National Center of Cancer Care & Research, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha, Qatar
| | - Shereen Elazzazy
- Pharmacy Department, National Center of Cancer Care & Research, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha, Qatar
| |
Collapse
|
42
|
Cucchi D, Menon A, Galliera E, Messina C, Zanini B, Marazzi MG, Massaccesi L, Compagnoni R, Corsi Romanelli MM, Randelli P. A Prospective Assessment of Periprosthetic Bone Mineral Density and Osteoimmunological Biomarkers Variations After Total Knee Replacement Surgery. J Clin Densitom 2019; 22:86-95. [PMID: 30072203 DOI: 10.1016/j.jocd.2018.05.039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2018] [Revised: 05/21/2018] [Accepted: 05/21/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Aseptic loosening is a major cause of premature failure of total knee replacement (TKR). Variations in periprosthetic bone mineral density (BMD) and osteoimmunological biomarkers levels could help to quantify prosthesis osteointegration and predict early aseptic loosening. The gene expression of 5 selected osteoimmunological biomarkers was evaluated in tibial plateau bone biopsies by real-time polymerase chain reaction and changes in their serum levels after TKR were prospectively evaluated with enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for 1 yr after surgery. These variations were correlated to changes in periprosthetic BMD. Sixteen patients were evaluated. A statistically significant decrease in serum levels of Sclerostin (p = 0.0135) was observed immediately after surgery. A specular pattern was observed between dickkopf-related protein 1 and osteoprotegerin expression. No statistically significant changes were detectable in the other study biomarkers. Periprosthetic BMD did not change significantly across the duration of the follow-up. Prosthetic knee surgery has an impact on bone remodeling, in particular on sclerostin expression. Although not showing statistically significant changes, in the patterns of dickkopf-related protein 1, osteoprotegerin, and the ligand of the receptor activator of nuclear factor kappa-B symmetries and correspondences related to the biological activities of these proteins could be identified. Variation in osteoimmunological biomarkers after TKR surgery can help in quantifying prosthesis osteointegration.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Davide Cucchi
- Department of Orthopaedics and Trauma Surgery, Universitätsklinikum Bonn, Bonn 53127, Germany; Department of Biomedical Sciences for Health, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan 20133, Italy.
| | - Alessandra Menon
- Department of Biomedical Sciences for Health, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan 20133, Italy; 1° Clinica Ortopedica, ASST Centro Specialistico Ortopedico Traumatologico Gaetano Pini-CTO, Milan 20122, Italy
| | - Emanuela Galliera
- Department of Biomedical Sciences for Health, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan 20133, Italy; IRCCS Galeazzi Orthopaedic Institute, Milan 20161, Italy
| | - Carmelo Messina
- Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, IRCCS Galeazzi Orthopaedic Institute, Milan 20161, Italy
| | - Beatrice Zanini
- 1° Clinica Ortopedica, ASST Centro Specialistico Ortopedico Traumatologico Gaetano Pini-CTO, Milan 20122, Italy
| | - Monica Gioia Marazzi
- Department of Biomedical Sciences for Health, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan 20133, Italy
| | - Luca Massaccesi
- Department of Biomedical, Surgical and Oral Science, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan 20133, Italy
| | - Riccardo Compagnoni
- Department of Biomedical Sciences for Health, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan 20133, Italy; 1° Clinica Ortopedica, ASST Centro Specialistico Ortopedico Traumatologico Gaetano Pini-CTO, Milan 20122, Italy
| | - Massimiliano M Corsi Romanelli
- Department of Biomedical Sciences for Health, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan 20133, Italy; U.O.C SMEL-1 Patologia Clinica, IRCCS Policlinico San Donato, Milan 20097, Italy
| | - Pietro Randelli
- Department of Biomedical Sciences for Health, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan 20133, Italy; 1° Clinica Ortopedica, ASST Centro Specialistico Ortopedico Traumatologico Gaetano Pini-CTO, Milan 20122, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
43
|
Chu GCY, Chung LWK, Gururajan M, Hsieh CL, Josson S, Nandana S, Sung SY, Wang R, Wu JB, Zhau HE. Regulatory signaling network in the tumor microenvironment of prostate cancer bone and visceral organ metastases and the development of novel therapeutics. Asian J Urol 2018; 6:65-81. [PMID: 30775250 PMCID: PMC6363607 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajur.2018.11.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2018] [Revised: 10/13/2018] [Accepted: 10/18/2018] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
This article describes cell signaling network of metastatic prostate cancer (PCa) to bone and visceral organs in the context of tumor microenvironment and for the development of novel therapeutics. The article focuses on our recent progress in the understanding of: 1) The plasticity and dynamics of tumor–stroma interaction; 2) The significance of epigenetic reprogramming in conferring cancer growth, invasion and metastasis; 3) New insights on altered junctional communication affecting PCa bone and brain metastases; 4) Novel strategies to overcome therapeutic resistance to hormonal antagonists and chemotherapy; 5) Genetic-based therapy to co-target tumor and bone stroma; 6) PCa-bone-immune cell interaction and TBX2-WNTprotein signaling in bone metastasis; 7) The roles of monoamine oxidase and reactive oxygen species in PCa growth and bone metastasis; and 8) Characterization of imprinting cluster of microRNA, in tumor–stroma interaction. This article provides new approaches and insights of PCa metastases with emphasis on basic science and potential for clinical translation. This article referenced the details of the various approaches and discoveries described herein in peer-reviewed publications. We dedicate this article in our fond memory of Dr. Donald S. Coffey who taught us the spirit of sharing and the importance of focusing basic science discoveries toward translational medicine.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Gina Chia-Yi Chu
- Uro-Oncology Research, Department of Medicine and Samuel Oschin Comprehensive Cancer Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Leland W K Chung
- Uro-Oncology Research, Department of Medicine and Samuel Oschin Comprehensive Cancer Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Murali Gururajan
- Uro-Oncology Research, Department of Medicine and Samuel Oschin Comprehensive Cancer Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA.,Bristol-Myer Squibb Company, Princeton, NJ, USA
| | - Chia-Ling Hsieh
- Department of Urology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Sajni Josson
- Uro-Oncology Research, Department of Medicine and Samuel Oschin Comprehensive Cancer Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA.,Oncoveda Cancer Research Center, Genesis Biotechnology Group, Hamilton, NJ, USA
| | - Srinivas Nandana
- Uro-Oncology Research, Department of Medicine and Samuel Oschin Comprehensive Cancer Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA.,Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Department of Cell Biology and Biochemistry, Lubbock, TX, USA
| | - Shian-Ying Sung
- Department of Urology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Ruoxiang Wang
- Uro-Oncology Research, Department of Medicine and Samuel Oschin Comprehensive Cancer Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Jason Boyang Wu
- Uro-Oncology Research, Department of Medicine and Samuel Oschin Comprehensive Cancer Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA.,Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Washington State University, Spokane, WA, USA
| | - Haiyen E Zhau
- Uro-Oncology Research, Department of Medicine and Samuel Oschin Comprehensive Cancer Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| |
Collapse
|
44
|
Navet B, Ando K, Vargas-Franco JW, Brion R, Amiaud J, Mori K, Yagita H, Mueller CG, Verrecchia F, Dumars C, Heymann MF, Heymann D, Lézot F. The Intrinsic and Extrinsic Implications of RANKL/RANK Signaling in Osteosarcoma: From Tumor Initiation to Lung Metastases. Cancers (Basel) 2018; 10:cancers10110398. [PMID: 30355966 PMCID: PMC6265790 DOI: 10.3390/cancers10110398] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2018] [Revised: 10/08/2018] [Accepted: 10/19/2018] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Osteosarcoma is the most frequent form of malignant pediatric bone tumor. Despite the current therapeutic arsenal, patient life-expectancy remains low if metastases are detected at the time of diagnosis, justifying research into better knowledge at all stages of osteosarcoma ontogenesis and identification of new therapeutic targets. Receptor Activator of Nuclear factor κB (RANK)expression has been reported in osteosarcoma cells, raising the question of Receptor Activator of Nuclear factor κB Ligand (RANKL)/RANK signaling implications in these tumor cells (intrinsic), in addition to previously reported implications through osteoclast activation in the tumor microenvironment (extrinsic). Methods: Based on in vitro and in vivo experimentations using human and mouse osteosarcoma cell lines, the consequences on the main cellular processes of RANK expression in osteosarcoma cells were analyzed. Results: The results revealed that RANK expression had no impact on cell proliferation and tumor growth, but stimulated cellular differentiation and, in an immune-compromised environment, increased the number of lung metastases. The analysis of RANKL, RANK and osteoprotegerin (OPG) expressions in biopsies of a cohort of patients revealed that while RANK expression in osteosarcoma cells was not significantly different between patients with or without metastases at the time of diagnosis, the OPG/RANK ratio decreased significantly. Conclusion: Altogether, these results are in favor of RANKL-RANK signaling inhibition as an adjuvant for the treatment of osteosarcoma.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Benjamin Navet
- INSERM, UMR 1238, Faculté de Médecine, Université de Nantes, F-44035 Nantes, France.
| | - Kosei Ando
- INSERM, UMR 1238, Faculté de Médecine, Université de Nantes, F-44035 Nantes, France.
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Shiga University of Medical Science, Tsukinowa-cho, Seta, Otsu, Shiga 520-2192, Japan.
| | - Jorge William Vargas-Franco
- INSERM, UMR 1238, Faculté de Médecine, Université de Nantes, F-44035 Nantes, France.
- Department of Basic Studies, Faculty of Odontology, University of Antioquia, Medellin AA 1226, Colombia.
| | - Régis Brion
- INSERM, UMR 1238, Faculté de Médecine, Université de Nantes, F-44035 Nantes, France.
- Centre Hospitalier Universitaire, Hôtel Dieu, F-44035 Nantes, France.
| | - Jérome Amiaud
- INSERM, UMR 1238, Faculté de Médecine, Université de Nantes, F-44035 Nantes, France.
| | - Kanji Mori
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Shiga University of Medical Science, Tsukinowa-cho, Seta, Otsu, Shiga 520-2192, Japan.
| | - Hideo Yagita
- Department of Immunology, Juntendo University School of Medicine, Tokyo 113-8421, Japan.
| | - Christopher G Mueller
- CNRS, UPR 9021, Institut de Biologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire (IBMC), Laboratoire Immunologie et Chimie Thérapeutiques, Université de Strasbourg, F-67084 Strasbourg, France.
| | - Franck Verrecchia
- INSERM, UMR 1238, Faculté de Médecine, Université de Nantes, F-44035 Nantes, France.
| | - Clotilde Dumars
- INSERM, UMR 1238, Faculté de Médecine, Université de Nantes, F-44035 Nantes, France.
- Centre Hospitalier Universitaire, Hôtel Dieu, F-44035 Nantes, France.
| | - Marie-Françoise Heymann
- INSERM, LEA Sarcoma Research Unit, Department of Oncology and Human Metabolism, Medical School, University of Sheffield, Sheffield S10 2RX, UK.
- INSERM, UMR 1232, LabCT, Université de Nantes, Institut de Cancérologie de l'Ouest, site René Gauducheau, F-44805 Saint-Herblain, France.
| | - Dominique Heymann
- INSERM, LEA Sarcoma Research Unit, Department of Oncology and Human Metabolism, Medical School, University of Sheffield, Sheffield S10 2RX, UK.
- INSERM, UMR 1232, LabCT, Université de Nantes, Institut de Cancérologie de l'Ouest, site René Gauducheau, F-44805 Saint-Herblain, France.
| | - Frédéric Lézot
- INSERM, UMR 1238, Faculté de Médecine, Université de Nantes, F-44035 Nantes, France.
| |
Collapse
|
45
|
Boulanger Piette A, Hamoudi D, Marcadet L, Morin F, Argaw A, Ward L, Frenette J. Targeting the Muscle-Bone Unit: Filling Two Needs with One Deed in the Treatment of Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy. Curr Osteoporos Rep 2018; 16:541-553. [PMID: 30225627 DOI: 10.1007/s11914-018-0468-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW In Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD), the progressive skeletal and cardiac muscle dysfunction and degeneration is accompanied by low bone mineral density and bone fragility. Glucocorticoids, which remain the standard of care for patients with DMD, increase the risk of developing osteoporosis. The scope of this review emphasizes the mutual cohesion and common signaling pathways between bone and skeletal muscle in DMD. RECENT FINDINGS The muscle-bone interactions involve bone-derived osteokines, muscle-derived myokines, and dual-origin cytokines that trigger common signaling pathways leading to fibrosis, inflammation, or protein synthesis/degradation. In particular, the triad RANK/RANKL/OPG including receptor activator of NF-kB (RANK), its ligand (RANKL), along with osteoprotegerin (OPG), regulates bone matrix modeling and remodeling pathways and contributes to muscle pathophysiology in DMD. This review discusses the importance of the muscle-bone unit in DMD and covers recent research aimed at determining the muscle-bone interactions that may eventually lead to the development of multifunctional and effective drugs for treating muscle and bone disorders regardless of the underlying genetic mutations in DMD.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Antoine Boulanger Piette
- Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Québec, Centre de Recherche du Centre Hospitalier de l'Université Laval (CHUQ-CHUL), Axe Neurosciences, Université Laval, Quebec City, QC, G1V 4G2, Canada
| | - Dounia Hamoudi
- Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Québec, Centre de Recherche du Centre Hospitalier de l'Université Laval (CHUQ-CHUL), Axe Neurosciences, Université Laval, Quebec City, QC, G1V 4G2, Canada
| | - Laetitia Marcadet
- Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Québec, Centre de Recherche du Centre Hospitalier de l'Université Laval (CHUQ-CHUL), Axe Neurosciences, Université Laval, Quebec City, QC, G1V 4G2, Canada
| | - Françoise Morin
- Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Québec, Centre de Recherche du Centre Hospitalier de l'Université Laval (CHUQ-CHUL), Axe Neurosciences, Université Laval, Quebec City, QC, G1V 4G2, Canada
| | - Anteneh Argaw
- Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Québec, Centre de Recherche du Centre Hospitalier de l'Université Laval (CHUQ-CHUL), Axe Neurosciences, Université Laval, Quebec City, QC, G1V 4G2, Canada
| | - Leanne Ward
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Children's Hospital of Eastern Ontario (CHEO), University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, K1H 8L1, Canada
| | - Jérôme Frenette
- Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Québec, Centre de Recherche du Centre Hospitalier de l'Université Laval (CHUQ-CHUL), Axe Neurosciences, Université Laval, Quebec City, QC, G1V 4G2, Canada.
- Département de Réadaptation, Faculté de Médecine, Université Laval, Quebec City, QC, G1V 0A6, Canada.
| |
Collapse
|
46
|
Arnez MFM, Ribeiro LSN, Barretto GD, Monteiro PM, Ervolino E, Stuani MBS. RANK/RANKL/OPG Expression in Rapid Maxillary Expansion. Braz Dent J 2018; 28:296-300. [PMID: 29297549 DOI: 10.1590/0103-6440201601116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2016] [Accepted: 03/14/2017] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of this study was to evaluate osteoclastogenesis signaling in midpalatal suture after rapid maxillary expansion (RME) in rats. Thirty male Wistar rats were randomly assigned to two groups with 15 animals each: control (C) and RME group. RME was performed by inserting a 1.5-mm-thick circular metal ring between the maxillary incisors. The animals were euthanized at 3, 7 and 10 days after RME. qRT-PCR was used to evaluate expression of Tnfsf11 (RANKL), Tnfrsf11a (RANK) and Tnfrsf11b (OPG). Data were submitted to statistical analysis using two-way ANOVA followed by Tukey test (a=0.05). There was an upregulation of RANK and RANKL genes at 7 and 10 days and an upregulation of the OPG gene at 3 and 7 days of healing. Interestingly, an increased in expression of all genes was observed over time in both RME and C groups. The RANKL/OPG ratio showed an increased signaling favoring bone resorption on RME compared to C at 3 and 7 days. Signaling against bone resorption was observed, as well as an upregulation of OPG gene expression in RME group, compared to C group at 10 days. The results of this study concluded that the RANK, RANK-L and OPG system participates in bone remodeling after RME.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Maya Fernanda Manfrin Arnez
- Department of Pediatric Clinics, School of Dentistry of Ribeirão Preto, USP - Universidade de São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto,SP, Brazil
| | - Larissa Soares Nogueira Ribeiro
- Department of Pediatric Clinics, School of Dentistry of Ribeirão Preto, USP - Universidade de São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto,SP, Brazil
| | - Gabriel Dessotti Barretto
- Department of Histology, School of Pharmacy of Ribeirão Preto, USP - Universidade de São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto,SP, Brazil
| | - Patrícia Maria Monteiro
- Department of Pediatric Clinics, School of Dentistry of Ribeirão Preto, USP - Universidade de São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto,SP, Brazil
| | - Edilson Ervolino
- Department of Histology, UNESP - Universidade Estadual Paulista, Araçatuba, SP, Brazil
| | - Maria Bernadete Sasso Stuani
- Department of Pediatric Clinics, School of Dentistry of Ribeirão Preto, USP - Universidade de São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto,SP, Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
47
|
Perego S, Sansoni V, Banfi G, Lombardi G. Sodium butyrate has anti-proliferative, pro-differentiating, and immunomodulatory effects in osteosarcoma cells and counteracts the TNFα-induced low-grade inflammation. Int J Immunopathol Pharmacol 2018; 32:394632017752240. [PMID: 29363375 PMCID: PMC5849245 DOI: 10.1177/0394632017752240] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Butyrate, an essential factor for colonocytes and regulator in the development of
colon cancer, is partially absorbed by the gut. It influences the proliferation
and differentiation of several cell types including osteoblasts. We evaluated
the effects of different doses of butyrate on differentiation and functionality
of osteosarcoma cells in vitro and the expression of a pro-inflammatory
phenotype in a normal or inflammatory environment. SaOS-2 osteosarcoma cells
were induced to differentiate and contemporarily treated for 24 h, 48 h, or
7 days with sodium butyrate 10−4, 5 × 10−4, or
10−3 M in the presence or absence of tumor necrosis factor alpha
(TNFα) 1 ng/mL, a pro-inflammatory stimulus. Despite the mild effects on
proliferation and alkaline phosphatase activity, butyrate dose- and
time-dependently induced the expression of a differentiated phenotype (RUNX2,
COL1A1 gene expression, and osteopontin gene and protein expression). This was
associated with a partial inhibition of nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB)
activation and the induction of histone deacetylase 1 expression. The net effect
was the expression of an anti-inflammatory phenotype and the increase in the
osteoprotegerin-to-receptor activator of nuclear factor kappa-B ligand (RANKL)
ratio. Moreover, butyrate, especially at the highest dose, counteracted the
effects of the pro-inflammatory stimulus of TNFα 1 ng/mL. Butyrate affects
osteosarcoma cell metabolism by anticipating the expression of a differentiated
phenotype and by inducing the expression of anti-inflammatory mediators.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Silvia Perego
- 1 Laboratory of Experimental Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, I.R.C.C.S. Istituto Ortopedico Galeazzi, Milan, Italy
| | - Veronica Sansoni
- 1 Laboratory of Experimental Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, I.R.C.C.S. Istituto Ortopedico Galeazzi, Milan, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Banfi
- 1 Laboratory of Experimental Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, I.R.C.C.S. Istituto Ortopedico Galeazzi, Milan, Italy.,2 Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, Milan, Italy
| | - Giovanni Lombardi
- 1 Laboratory of Experimental Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, I.R.C.C.S. Istituto Ortopedico Galeazzi, Milan, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
48
|
Orth M, Altmeyer M, Scheuer C, Braun B, Holstein J, Eglin D, D'Este M, Histing T, Laschke M, Pohlemann T, Menger M. Effects of locally applied adipose tissue-derived microvascular fragments by thermoresponsive hydrogel on bone healing. Acta Biomater 2018; 77:201-211. [PMID: 30030175 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2018.07.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2018] [Revised: 06/13/2018] [Accepted: 07/16/2018] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Insufficient vascularization is a major cause for the development of non-unions. To overcome this problem, adipose tissue-derived microvascular fragments (MVF) may serve as vascularization units. However, their application into bone defects needs a carrier system. Herein, we analyzed whether this is achieved by a thermoresponsive hydrogel (TRH). MVF were isolated from CD-1 mice and cultivated after incorporation into TRH, while non-incorporated MVF served as controls. Viability of MVF was assessed immunohistochemically over a 7-day period. Moreover, osteotomies were induced in femurs of CD-1 mice. The osteotomy gaps were filled with MVF-loaded TRH (TRH + MVF), unloaded TRH (TRH) or no material (control). Bone healing was evaluated 14 and 35 days postoperatively. MVF incorporated into TRH exhibited less apoptotic cells and showed a stable vessel morphology compared to controls. Micro-computed tomography revealed a reduced bone volume in TRH + MVF femurs. Histomorphometry showed less bone and more fibrous tissue after 35 days in TRH + MVF femurs compared to controls. Accordingly, TRH + MVF femurs exhibited a lower osseous bridging score and a reduced bending stiffness. Histology and Western blot analysis revealed an increased vascularization and CD31 expression, whereas vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) expression was reduced in TRH + MVF femurs. Furthermore, the callus of TRH + MVF femurs showed increased receptor activator of NF-κB ligand expression and higher numbers of osteoclasts. These findings indicate that TRH is an appropriate carrier system for MVF. Application of TRH + MVF increases the vascularization of bone defects. However, this impairs bone healing, most likely due to lower VEGF expression during the early course of bone healing. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE In the present study we analyzed for the first time the in vivo performance of a thermoresponsive hydrogel (TRH) as a delivery system for bioactive microvascular fragments (MVF). We found that TRH represents an appropriate carrier for MVF as vascularization units and maintains their viability. Application of MVF-loaded TRH impaired bone formation in an established murine model of bone healing, although vascularization was improved. This unexpected outcome was most likely due to a reduced VEGF expression in the early phase bone healing.
Collapse
|
49
|
Jansen RB, Svendsen OL. A review of bone metabolism and developments in medical treatment of the diabetic Charcot foot. J Diabetes Complications 2018; 32:708-712. [PMID: 29857955 DOI: 10.1016/j.jdiacomp.2018.04.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2018] [Revised: 04/20/2018] [Accepted: 04/23/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Charcot foot is a rare but severe, and possibly limb-threatening, complication to neuropathy and diabetes mellitus. The current treatment consists of long-term off-loading, and has a large negative impact on the patient's life. Much research has gone into understanding the condition and its biochemical mechanisms, however, the underlying pathogenesis of a Charcot foot is not yet fully understood. In the recent decades several key advances in our understanding of the Charcot foot have been made, both in regards to the changes in bone metabolism and structure an acute Charcot foot can cause, and to the molecular pathways involved in this. This review summerizes the available research into the bone metabolism around a Charcot foot, with an emphasis on the biochemical profile. The existing data regarding attempts at medical treatment is also reviewed, including novel trials targetting specific inflammatory pathways upregulated in the acute diabetic Charcot foot.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rasmus Bo Jansen
- Department of Endocrinology, Bispebjerg Hospital, University of Copenhagen, DK-2400 Copenhagen, NV, Denmark.
| | - Ole Lander Svendsen
- Department of Endocrinology, Bispebjerg Hospital, University of Copenhagen, DK-2400 Copenhagen, NV, Denmark; Copenhagen Diabetes Foot Center (CODIF), Bispebjerg Hospital, University of Copenhagen, DK-2400 Copenhagen, NV, Denmark
| |
Collapse
|
50
|
Jayusman PA, Mohamed IN, Alias E, Mohamed N, Shuid AN. The Effects of Quassinoid-Rich Eurycoma longifolia Extract on Bone Turnover and Histomorphometry Indices in the Androgen-Deficient Osteoporosis Rat Model. Nutrients 2018; 10:E799. [PMID: 29933617 PMCID: PMC6073572 DOI: 10.3390/nu10070799] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2018] [Revised: 06/10/2018] [Accepted: 06/12/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Male osteoporosis is associated with higher rates of disability and mortality. Hence the search for suitable intervention and treatment to prevent the degeneration of skeletal health in men is necessary. Eurycoma longifolia (EL), a traditional plant with aphrodisiac potential may be used to treat and prevent male osteoporosis. The skeletal protective effect of quassinoid-rich EL extract, which has a high content of eurycomanone, has not been studied. This study aimed to determine whether EL could prevent skeletal deteriorations in gonadal hormone-deficient male rats. Ninety-six male Sprague⁻Dawley rats were randomly assigned to baseline, sham-operated (Sham), orchidectomised or chemically castrated groups. Chemical castration was achieved via subcutaneous injection of degarelix at 2 mg/kg. The orchidectomised and degarelix-castrated rats were then divided into negative control groups (ORX, DGX), testosterone-treated groups (intramuscular injection at 7 mg/kg weekly) (ORX + TES, DGX + TES), and EL-supplemented groups receiving daily oral gavages at doses of 25 mg/kg (ORX + EL25, DGX + EL25), 50 mg/kg (ORX + EL50, DGX + EL50), and 100 mg/kg (ORX + EL100, DGX + EL100). Following 10 weeks of treatment, the rats were euthanized and their blood and femora were collected. Bone biochemical markers, serum testosterone, osteoprotegerin (OPG), and receptor activator of nuclear factor kappa β-ligand (RANKL) levels and histomorphometric indices were evaluated. Quassinoid-rich EL supplementation was found to reduce degenerative changes of trabecular structure by improving bone volume, trabecular number, and separation. A reduction in the percentage of osteoclast and increase in percentage of osteoblast on bone surface were also seen with EL supplementation. Dynamic histomorphometric analysis showed that the single-labeled surface was significantly decreased while the double-labeled surface was significantly increased with EL supplementations. There was a marginal but significant increase in serum testosterone levels in the ORX + EL25, DGX + EL50, and DGX + EL100 groups compared to their negative control groups. Quassinoid-rich EL extract was effective in reducing skeletal deteriorations in the androgen-deficient osteoporosis rat model.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Putri Ayu Jayusman
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Jalan Yaacob Latif, Cheras 56000, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
| | - Isa Naina Mohamed
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Jalan Yaacob Latif, Cheras 56000, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
| | - Ekram Alias
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Jalan Yaacob Latif, Cheras 56000, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
| | - Norazlina Mohamed
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Jalan Yaacob Latif, Cheras 56000, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
| | - Ahmad Nazrun Shuid
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Jalan Yaacob Latif, Cheras 56000, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
| |
Collapse
|