1
|
Lee HM, Muhammad N, Lieu EL, Cai F, Mu J, Ha YS, Cao G, Suchors C, Joves K, Chronis C, Li K, Ducker GS, Olszewski K, Cai L, Allison DB, Bachert SE, Ewing WR, Wong H, Seo H, Kim IY, Faubert B, Kim J, Kim J. Concurrent loss of LKB1 and KEAP1 enhances SHMT-mediated antioxidant defence in KRAS-mutant lung cancer. Nat Metab 2024:10.1038/s42255-024-01066-z. [PMID: 38877143 DOI: 10.1038/s42255-024-01066-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2022] [Accepted: 05/16/2024] [Indexed: 06/16/2024]
Abstract
Non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) with concurrent mutations in KRAS and the tumour suppressor LKB1 (KL NSCLC) is refractory to most therapies and has one of the worst predicted outcomes. Here we describe a KL-induced metabolic vulnerability associated with serine-glycine-one-carbon (SGOC) metabolism. Using RNA-seq and metabolomics data from human NSCLC, we uncovered that LKB1 loss enhanced SGOC metabolism via serine hydroxymethyltransferase (SHMT). LKB1 loss, in collaboration with KEAP1 loss, activated SHMT through inactivation of the salt-induced kinase (SIK)-NRF2 axis and satisfied the increased demand for one-carbon units necessary for antioxidant defence. Chemical and genetic SHMT suppression increased cellular sensitivity to oxidative stress and cell death. Further, the SHMT inhibitor enhanced the in vivo therapeutic efficacy of paclitaxel (first-line NSCLC therapy inducing oxidative stress) in KEAP1-mutant KL tumours. The data reveal how this highly aggressive molecular subtype of NSCLC fulfills their metabolic requirements and provides insight into therapeutic strategies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hyun Min Lee
- Department of Urology, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Nefertiti Muhammad
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, College of Medicine, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Elizabeth L Lieu
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, College of Medicine, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Feng Cai
- Children's Medical Center Research Institute, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Jiawei Mu
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, China
| | - Yun-Sok Ha
- Department of Urology, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Kyungpook National University Chilgok Hospital, Daegu, Korea
| | - Guoshen Cao
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, USA
| | - Chamey Suchors
- Hamon Center for Therapeutic Oncology Research, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Kenneth Joves
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, College of Medicine, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Constantinos Chronis
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, College of Medicine, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Kailong Li
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, China
| | - Gregory S Ducker
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, USA
| | | | - Ling Cai
- Department of Population and Data Sciences, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Derek B Allison
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Kentucky College of Medicine, Lexington, KY, USA
| | - Sara E Bachert
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Kentucky College of Medicine, Lexington, KY, USA
| | | | - Harvey Wong
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Hyosun Seo
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, College of Medicine, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Isaac Y Kim
- Department of Urology, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Brandon Faubert
- Department of Medicine-Hematology and Oncology, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - James Kim
- Hamon Center for Therapeutic Oncology Research, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Jiyeon Kim
- Department of Urology, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA.
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Physiology, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Zhang S, Yun D, Yang H, Eckstein M, Elbait GD, Zhou Y, Lu Y, Yang H, Zhang J, Dörflein I, Britzen-Laurent N, Pfeffer S, Stemmler MP, Dahl A, Mukhopadhyay D, Chang D, He H, Zeng S, Lan B, Frey B, Hampel C, Lentsch E, Gollavilli PN, Büttner C, Ekici AB, Biankin A, Schneider-Stock R, Ceppi P, Grützmann R, Pilarsky C. Roflumilast inhibits tumor growth and migration in STK11/LKB1 deficient pancreatic cancer. Cell Death Discov 2024; 10:124. [PMID: 38461159 PMCID: PMC10924943 DOI: 10.1038/s41420-024-01890-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2023] [Revised: 02/22/2024] [Accepted: 02/26/2024] [Indexed: 03/11/2024] Open
Abstract
Pancreatic cancer is a malignant tumor of the digestive system. It is highly aggressive, easily metastasizes, and extremely difficult to treat. This study aimed to analyze the genes that might regulate pancreatic cancer migration to provide an essential basis for the prognostic assessment of pancreatic cancer and individualized treatment. A CRISPR knockout library directed against 915 murine genes was transfected into TB 32047 cell line to screen which gene loss promoted cell migration. Next-generation sequencing and PinAPL.py- analysis was performed to identify candidate genes. We then assessed the effect of serine/threonine kinase 11 (STK11) knockout on pancreatic cancer by wound-healing assay, chick agnosia (CAM) assay, and orthotopic mouse pancreatic cancer model. We performed RNA sequence and Western blotting for mechanistic studies to identify and verify the pathways. After accelerated Transwell migration screening, STK11 was identified as one of the top candidate genes. Further experiments showed that targeted knockout of STK11 promoted the cell migration and increased liver metastasis in mice. Mechanistic analyses revealed that STK11 knockout influences blood vessel morphogenesis and is closely associated with the enhanced expression of phosphodiesterases (PDEs), especially PDE4D, PDE4B, and PDE10A. PDE4 inhibitor Roflumilast inhibited STK11-KO cell migration and tumor size, further demonstrating that PDEs are essential for STK11-deficient cell migration. Our findings support the adoption of therapeutic strategies, including Roflumilast, for patients with STK11-mutated pancreatic cancer in order to improve treatment efficacy and ultimately prolong survival.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shuman Zhang
- Department of Surgery, Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Erlangen, Germany
| | - Duo Yun
- Department of Surgery, Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Erlangen, Germany
| | - Hao Yang
- Experimental Tumor pathology, Institute of Pathology, Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Erlangen, Germany
| | - Markus Eckstein
- Institute of Pathology, Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Erlangen, Germany
| | - Gihan Daw Elbait
- Department of Biology, Khalifa University of Science and Technology, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
| | - Yaxing Zhou
- Department of Surgery, Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Erlangen, Germany
| | - Yanxi Lu
- Department of Surgery, Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Erlangen, Germany
| | - Hai Yang
- Department of Surgery, Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Erlangen, Germany
| | - Jinping Zhang
- Department of Surgery, Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Erlangen, Germany
| | - Isabella Dörflein
- Department of Surgery, Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Erlangen, Germany
| | - Nathalie Britzen-Laurent
- Department of Surgery, Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Erlangen, Germany
| | - Susanne Pfeffer
- Department of Surgery, Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Erlangen, Germany
| | - Marc P Stemmler
- Department of Experimental Medicine 1, Nikolaus-Fiebiger Center for Molecular Medicine, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Erlangen, Germany
| | - Andreas Dahl
- DRESDEN-concept Genome Center a DFG NGS Competence Center; TU Dresden, 01307, Dresden, Germany
| | - Debabrata Mukhopadhyay
- Departments of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine and Science, Jacksonville, USA
| | - David Chang
- Wolfson Wohl Cancer Research Centre, Institute of Cancer Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, Scotland, UK
- West of Scotland Pancreatic Unit, Glasgow Royal Infirmary, Glasgow, UK
| | - Hang He
- Department of Pancreatic Surgery, Huashan Hospital, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200040, China
| | - Siyuan Zeng
- Department of Breast and Thyroid Surgery, Hunan Provincial People's Hospital (The First Affiliated Hospital of Hunan Normal University), Changsha, China
| | - Bin Lan
- Department of Interventional Radiology and Vascular Surgery, Hunan Provincial People's Hospital (The First Affiliated Hospital of Hunan Normal University), Changsha, 410002, China
| | - Benjamin Frey
- Translational Radiobiology, Department of Radiation Oncology, Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Erlangen, Germany
| | - Chuanpit Hampel
- Experimental Tumor pathology, Institute of Pathology, Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Erlangen, Germany
| | - Eva Lentsch
- Department of Surgery, Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Erlangen, Germany
| | - Paradesi Naidu Gollavilli
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology (BMB), University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
| | - Christian Büttner
- Institute of Human Genetics, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Erlangen, Germany
| | - Arif B Ekici
- Institute of Human Genetics, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Erlangen, Germany
| | - Andrew Biankin
- Wolfson Wohl Cancer Research Centre, Institute of Cancer Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, Scotland, UK
- West of Scotland Pancreatic Unit, Glasgow Royal Infirmary, Glasgow, UK
| | - Regine Schneider-Stock
- Experimental Tumor pathology, Institute of Pathology, Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Erlangen, Germany
| | - Paolo Ceppi
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology (BMB), University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
| | - Robert Grützmann
- Department of Surgery, Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Erlangen, Germany
| | - Christian Pilarsky
- Department of Surgery, Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Erlangen, Germany.
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Sleiay M, Alqreea M, Alqreea I, Alhasan O, Sleiay B, Kanaan AM, Alabdullah H. A 15-year-old male with Peutz-Jeghers syndrome: a rare case report from Syria. Ann Med Surg (Lond) 2024; 86:620-623. [PMID: 38222689 PMCID: PMC10783323 DOI: 10.1097/ms9.0000000000001618] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2023] [Accepted: 12/03/2023] [Indexed: 01/16/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction and importance In addition to extra gastrointestinal hamartomatous polyps, Peutz-Jeghers syndrome (PJS), a rare but well-known hereditary disorder, generates mucocutaneous lesions that resemble certain coloured freckles and gastrointestinal symptoms. Intussusception or polyps blocking the gastrointestinal lumen are examples of PJS consequences. Additionally, the polyps may cause ongoing bleeding that causes anaemia. Case presentation A 15-year-old male patient with generalized stomach discomfort, frequent vomiting, and decreased appetite reported to the hospital's ambulance department. A month and a half prior, the patient underwent a surgical laparotomy for intussusception. The clinical examination revealed many pigmentations near the mouth. The specialists decided to do an urgent laparotomy on the patient, during which a 60 mm necrotic intestinal intussusception was observed. The patient had an ileoileostomy and an amputation, and a pathology test discovered numerous benign hamartomatous polyps in the sample."Putz-Jeghers Syndrome" had been determined to be the ultimate diagnosis. Clinical discussion It is autosomal dominant and more prevalent in children and teenagers. According to some research, 30% of diseases are passed from parents to children while 70% may result from gene mutations. Conclusion There is no evidence that the transformation of hamartomatous polyps led to the neoplastic tumours in these patients. It is suggested to carry out a complete screening program and detect PJS early in order to prevent gastrointestinal problems and dangerous malignancies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Omar Alhasan
- National Hama Hospital, Hama University, Hama, Syria
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
4
|
Pantaleo A, Forte G, Fasano C, Lepore Signorile M, Sanese P, De Marco K, Di Nicola E, Latrofa M, Grossi V, Disciglio V, Simone C. Understanding the Genetic Landscape of Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma to Support Personalized Medicine: A Systematic Review. Cancers (Basel) 2023; 16:56. [PMID: 38201484 PMCID: PMC10778202 DOI: 10.3390/cancers16010056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2023] [Revised: 12/13/2023] [Accepted: 12/15/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is one of the most fatal malignancies worldwide. While population-wide screening recommendations for PDAC in asymptomatic individuals are not achievable due to its relatively low incidence, pancreatic cancer surveillance programs are recommended for patients with germline causative variants in PDAC susceptibility genes or a strong family history. In this study, we sought to determine the prevalence and significance of germline alterations in major genes (ATM, BRCA1, BRCA2, CDKN2A, EPCAM, MLH1, MSH2, MSH6, PALB2, PMS2, STK11, TP53) involved in PDAC susceptibility. We performed a systematic review of PubMed publications reporting germline variants identified in these genes in PDAC patients. Overall, the retrieved articles included 1493 PDAC patients. A high proportion of these patients (n = 1225/1493, 82%) were found to harbor alterations in genes (ATM, BRCA1, BRCA2, PALB2) involved in the homologous recombination repair (HRR) pathway. Specifically, the remaining PDAC patients were reported to carry alterations in genes playing a role in other cancer pathways (CDKN2A, STK11, TP53; n = 181/1493, 12.1%) or in the mismatch repair (MMR) pathway (MLH1, MSH2, MSH6, PMS2; n = 87/1493, 5.8%). Our findings highlight the importance of germline genetic characterization in PDAC patients for better personalized targeted therapies, clinical management, and surveillance.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Antonino Pantaleo
- Medical Genetics, National Institute of Gastroenterology-IRCCS “Saverio de Bellis” Research Hospital, 70013 Bari, Italy; (A.P.); (G.F.); (C.F.); (M.L.S.); (P.S.); (K.D.M.); (E.D.N.); (M.L.); (V.G.)
| | - Giovanna Forte
- Medical Genetics, National Institute of Gastroenterology-IRCCS “Saverio de Bellis” Research Hospital, 70013 Bari, Italy; (A.P.); (G.F.); (C.F.); (M.L.S.); (P.S.); (K.D.M.); (E.D.N.); (M.L.); (V.G.)
| | - Candida Fasano
- Medical Genetics, National Institute of Gastroenterology-IRCCS “Saverio de Bellis” Research Hospital, 70013 Bari, Italy; (A.P.); (G.F.); (C.F.); (M.L.S.); (P.S.); (K.D.M.); (E.D.N.); (M.L.); (V.G.)
| | - Martina Lepore Signorile
- Medical Genetics, National Institute of Gastroenterology-IRCCS “Saverio de Bellis” Research Hospital, 70013 Bari, Italy; (A.P.); (G.F.); (C.F.); (M.L.S.); (P.S.); (K.D.M.); (E.D.N.); (M.L.); (V.G.)
| | - Paola Sanese
- Medical Genetics, National Institute of Gastroenterology-IRCCS “Saverio de Bellis” Research Hospital, 70013 Bari, Italy; (A.P.); (G.F.); (C.F.); (M.L.S.); (P.S.); (K.D.M.); (E.D.N.); (M.L.); (V.G.)
| | - Katia De Marco
- Medical Genetics, National Institute of Gastroenterology-IRCCS “Saverio de Bellis” Research Hospital, 70013 Bari, Italy; (A.P.); (G.F.); (C.F.); (M.L.S.); (P.S.); (K.D.M.); (E.D.N.); (M.L.); (V.G.)
| | - Elisabetta Di Nicola
- Medical Genetics, National Institute of Gastroenterology-IRCCS “Saverio de Bellis” Research Hospital, 70013 Bari, Italy; (A.P.); (G.F.); (C.F.); (M.L.S.); (P.S.); (K.D.M.); (E.D.N.); (M.L.); (V.G.)
| | - Marialaura Latrofa
- Medical Genetics, National Institute of Gastroenterology-IRCCS “Saverio de Bellis” Research Hospital, 70013 Bari, Italy; (A.P.); (G.F.); (C.F.); (M.L.S.); (P.S.); (K.D.M.); (E.D.N.); (M.L.); (V.G.)
| | - Valentina Grossi
- Medical Genetics, National Institute of Gastroenterology-IRCCS “Saverio de Bellis” Research Hospital, 70013 Bari, Italy; (A.P.); (G.F.); (C.F.); (M.L.S.); (P.S.); (K.D.M.); (E.D.N.); (M.L.); (V.G.)
| | - Vittoria Disciglio
- Medical Genetics, National Institute of Gastroenterology-IRCCS “Saverio de Bellis” Research Hospital, 70013 Bari, Italy; (A.P.); (G.F.); (C.F.); (M.L.S.); (P.S.); (K.D.M.); (E.D.N.); (M.L.); (V.G.)
| | - Cristiano Simone
- Medical Genetics, National Institute of Gastroenterology-IRCCS “Saverio de Bellis” Research Hospital, 70013 Bari, Italy; (A.P.); (G.F.); (C.F.); (M.L.S.); (P.S.); (K.D.M.); (E.D.N.); (M.L.); (V.G.)
- Medical Genetics, Department of Precision and Regenerative Medicine and Jonic Area (DiMePRe-J), University of Bari Aldo Moro, 70124 Bari, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Nagao M, Ueo T, Fukuda A, Ohana M. Intraductal papillary mucinous carcinoma with co-mutations of KRAS/STK11. BMJ Case Rep 2023; 16:e255945. [PMID: 38011945 PMCID: PMC10685908 DOI: 10.1136/bcr-2023-255945] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Munemasa Nagao
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine Faculty of Medicine, Kyoto, kyoto, Japan
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Tenri Hospital, Tenri, Nara, Japan
| | - Taro Ueo
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Tenri Hospital, Tenri, Nara, Japan
| | - Akihisa Fukuda
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine Faculty of Medicine, Kyoto, kyoto, Japan
| | - Masaya Ohana
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Tenri Hospital, Tenri, Nara, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Tan I, Xu S, Huo J, Huang Y, Lim HH, Lam KP. Identification of a novel mitochondria-localized LKB1 variant required for the regulation of the oxidative stress response. J Biol Chem 2023; 299:104906. [PMID: 37302555 PMCID: PMC10404683 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbc.2023.104906] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2023] [Revised: 05/31/2023] [Accepted: 06/01/2023] [Indexed: 06/13/2023] Open
Abstract
The tumor suppressor Liver Kinase B1 (LKB1) is a multifunctional serine/threonine protein kinase that regulates cell metabolism, polarity, and growth and is associated with Peutz-Jeghers Syndrome and cancer predisposition. The LKB1 gene comprises 10 exons and 9 introns. Three spliced LKB1 variants have been documented, and they reside mainly in the cytoplasm, although two possess a nuclear-localization sequence (NLS) and are able to shuttle into the nucleus. Here, we report the identification of a fourth and novel LKB1 isoform that is, interestingly, targeted to the mitochondria. We show that this mitochondria-localized LKB1 (mLKB1) is generated from alternative splicing in the 5' region of the transcript and translated from an alternative initiation codon encoded by a previously unknown exon 1b (131 bp) hidden within the long intron 1 of LKB1 gene. We found by replacing the N-terminal NLS of the canonical LKB1 isoform, the N-terminus of the alternatively spliced mLKB1 variant encodes a mitochondrial transit peptide that allows it to localize to the mitochondria. We further demonstrate that mLKB1 colocalizes histologically with mitochondria-resident ATP Synthase and NAD-dependent deacetylase sirtuin-3, mitochondrial (SIRT3) and that its expression is rapidly and transiently upregulated by oxidative stress. We conclude that this novel LKB1 isoform, mLKB1, plays a critical role in regulating mitochondrial metabolic activity and oxidative stress response.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ivan Tan
- Singapore Immunology Network (SIgN), Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A∗STAR), Singapore, Singapore
| | - Shengli Xu
- Singapore Immunology Network (SIgN), Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A∗STAR), Singapore, Singapore; Department of Physiology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Jianxin Huo
- Singapore Immunology Network (SIgN), Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A∗STAR), Singapore, Singapore
| | - Yuhan Huang
- Singapore Immunology Network (SIgN), Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A∗STAR), Singapore, Singapore
| | - Hong-Hwa Lim
- Singapore Immunology Network (SIgN), Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A∗STAR), Singapore, Singapore; Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology, Agency for Science, Technology and Research, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Kong-Peng Lam
- Singapore Immunology Network (SIgN), Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A∗STAR), Singapore, Singapore; Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore; School of Biological Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, Singapore.
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Compton SE, Kitchen-Goosen SM, DeCamp LM, Lau KH, Mabvakure B, Vos M, Williams KS, Wong KK, Shi X, Rothbart SB, Krawczyk CM, Jones RG. LKB1 controls inflammatory potential through CRTC2-dependent histone acetylation. Mol Cell 2023:S1097-2765(23)00288-5. [PMID: 37172591 DOI: 10.1016/j.molcel.2023.04.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2022] [Revised: 03/17/2023] [Accepted: 04/18/2023] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
Deregulated inflammation is a critical feature driving the progression of tumors harboring mutations in the liver kinase B1 (LKB1), yet the mechanisms linking LKB1 mutations to deregulated inflammation remain undefined. Here, we identify deregulated signaling by CREB-regulated transcription coactivator 2 (CRTC2) as an epigenetic driver of inflammatory potential downstream of LKB1 loss. We demonstrate that LKB1 mutations sensitize both transformed and non-transformed cells to diverse inflammatory stimuli, promoting heightened cytokine and chemokine production. LKB1 loss triggers elevated CRTC2-CREB signaling downstream of the salt-inducible kinases (SIKs), increasing inflammatory gene expression in LKB1-deficient cells. Mechanistically, CRTC2 cooperates with the histone acetyltransferases CBP/p300 to deposit histone acetylation marks associated with active transcription (i.e., H3K27ac) at inflammatory gene loci, promoting cytokine expression. Together, our data reveal a previously undefined anti-inflammatory program, regulated by LKB1 and reinforced through CRTC2-dependent histone modification signaling, that links metabolic and epigenetic states to cell-intrinsic inflammatory potential.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shelby E Compton
- Department of Metabolism and Nutritional Programming, Van Andel Institute, Grand Rapids, MI, USA
| | - Susan M Kitchen-Goosen
- Department of Metabolism and Nutritional Programming, Van Andel Institute, Grand Rapids, MI, USA; Metabolism and Nutrition (MeNu) Program, Van Andel Institute, Grand Rapids, MI, USA
| | - Lisa M DeCamp
- Department of Metabolism and Nutritional Programming, Van Andel Institute, Grand Rapids, MI, USA; Metabolism and Nutrition (MeNu) Program, Van Andel Institute, Grand Rapids, MI, USA
| | - Kin H Lau
- Bioinformatics and Biostatistics Core, Van Andel Institute, Grand Rapids, MI, USA
| | - Batsirai Mabvakure
- Department of Metabolism and Nutritional Programming, Van Andel Institute, Grand Rapids, MI, USA
| | - Matthew Vos
- Department of Metabolism and Nutritional Programming, Van Andel Institute, Grand Rapids, MI, USA; Metabolism and Nutrition (MeNu) Program, Van Andel Institute, Grand Rapids, MI, USA
| | - Kelsey S Williams
- Department of Metabolism and Nutritional Programming, Van Andel Institute, Grand Rapids, MI, USA; Metabolism and Nutrition (MeNu) Program, Van Andel Institute, Grand Rapids, MI, USA
| | - Kwok-Kin Wong
- Laura and Isaac Perlmutter Cancer Center, NYU Langone Health, New York, NY, USA
| | - Xiaobing Shi
- Department of Epigenetics, Van Andel Institute, Grand Rapids, MI, USA
| | - Scott B Rothbart
- Department of Epigenetics, Van Andel Institute, Grand Rapids, MI, USA
| | - Connie M Krawczyk
- Department of Metabolism and Nutritional Programming, Van Andel Institute, Grand Rapids, MI, USA; Metabolism and Nutrition (MeNu) Program, Van Andel Institute, Grand Rapids, MI, USA
| | - Russell G Jones
- Department of Metabolism and Nutritional Programming, Van Andel Institute, Grand Rapids, MI, USA; Metabolism and Nutrition (MeNu) Program, Van Andel Institute, Grand Rapids, MI, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Batbayar C, Ishii N, Harimoto N, Yokobori T, Saito H, Gantumur D, Gombodorj N, Erkhem-Ochir B, Muranushi R, Hoshino K, Yamanaka T, Hagiwara K, Tsukagoshi M, Watanabe A, Araki K, Hosouchi Y, Shirabe K. High RRN3 expression is associated with malignant characteristics and poor prognosis in pancreatic cancer. Int J Clin Oncol 2023:10.1007/s10147-023-02342-w. [PMID: 37119370 DOI: 10.1007/s10147-023-02342-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2023] [Accepted: 04/12/2023] [Indexed: 05/01/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Pancreatic cancer has an extremely poor prognosis and is one of the most chemoresistant cancers. Targeting cancer cell transcriptional complexes may enhance chemotherapy effectiveness. RNA-polymerase I (Pol-I)-mediated transcription is an essential initial step for ribosome biogenesis and is related to cancer cell proliferation. RRN3 is a Pol-I-specific transcription initiation factor. In this study, we aimed to elucidate the function and clinical significance of RRN3 in pancreatic cancer. METHODS We performed immunohistochemical staining to detect RRN3 protein expression in 96 pancreatic cancer tissues and analyzed the relationship between RRN3 protein expression, clinicopathological factors, and cancer patient prognosis. Moreover, we evaluated RRN3 function in vitro and in vivo using proliferation, invasion, and chemosensitivity assays in PANC-1 and SW1990 cell lines, with/without depleting RRN3 expression. RESULTS RRN3 was mainly expressed in cancer cell nuclei. High levels of RRN3 expression were associated with Ki-67 expression and shorter overall survival. Additionally, proliferation and invasion ability were decreased when RRN3 was silenced with siRNA, compared to non-targeting siRNA-transfected cells. Chemosensitivity analysis showed that inhibition of RRN3 enhanced the sensitivity of pancreatic cancer cell lines to gemcitabine and paclitaxel. RRN3 siRNA-transfected PANC-1 tumors showed significantly reduced tumor volumes and high gemcitabine sensitivity compared to the control in a mouse xenograft model. CONCLUSION High levels of RRN3 expression are associated with poor prognosis and cancer malignancy, such as proliferation, invasion ability, and chemosensitivity in pancreatic cancer. RRN3 targeting with anticancer drugs may be a promising therapeutic strategy to overcome refractory pancreatic cancer.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chingunjav Batbayar
- Division of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Department of General Surgical Science, Gunma University Graduate School of Medicine, 3-39-22 Showa-Machi, Maebashi, Gunma, 371-8511, Japan
| | - Norihiro Ishii
- Division of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Department of General Surgical Science, Gunma University Graduate School of Medicine, 3-39-22 Showa-Machi, Maebashi, Gunma, 371-8511, Japan.
| | - Norifumi Harimoto
- Division of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Department of General Surgical Science, Gunma University Graduate School of Medicine, 3-39-22 Showa-Machi, Maebashi, Gunma, 371-8511, Japan
| | - Takehiko Yokobori
- Division of Integrated Oncology Research, Gunma University Initiative for Advanced Research (GIAR), Maebashi, Japan
| | - Hideyuki Saito
- Division of Gastroenterological Surgery, Department of General Surgical Science, Graduate School of Medicine, Gunma University, Maebashi, Japan
| | - Dolgormaa Gantumur
- Division of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Department of General Surgical Science, Gunma University Graduate School of Medicine, 3-39-22 Showa-Machi, Maebashi, Gunma, 371-8511, Japan
| | - Navchaa Gombodorj
- Division of Integrated Oncology Research, Gunma University Initiative for Advanced Research (GIAR), Maebashi, Japan
| | - Bilguun Erkhem-Ochir
- Division of Integrated Oncology Research, Gunma University Initiative for Advanced Research (GIAR), Maebashi, Japan
| | - Ryo Muranushi
- Division of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Department of General Surgical Science, Gunma University Graduate School of Medicine, 3-39-22 Showa-Machi, Maebashi, Gunma, 371-8511, Japan
| | - Kouki Hoshino
- Division of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Department of General Surgical Science, Gunma University Graduate School of Medicine, 3-39-22 Showa-Machi, Maebashi, Gunma, 371-8511, Japan
| | - Takahiro Yamanaka
- Division of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Department of General Surgical Science, Gunma University Graduate School of Medicine, 3-39-22 Showa-Machi, Maebashi, Gunma, 371-8511, Japan
| | - Kei Hagiwara
- Division of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Department of General Surgical Science, Gunma University Graduate School of Medicine, 3-39-22 Showa-Machi, Maebashi, Gunma, 371-8511, Japan
| | - Mariko Tsukagoshi
- Division of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Department of General Surgical Science, Gunma University Graduate School of Medicine, 3-39-22 Showa-Machi, Maebashi, Gunma, 371-8511, Japan
| | - Akira Watanabe
- Division of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Department of General Surgical Science, Gunma University Graduate School of Medicine, 3-39-22 Showa-Machi, Maebashi, Gunma, 371-8511, Japan
| | - Kenichiro Araki
- Division of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Department of General Surgical Science, Gunma University Graduate School of Medicine, 3-39-22 Showa-Machi, Maebashi, Gunma, 371-8511, Japan
| | - Yasuo Hosouchi
- Department of Surgery and Laparoscopic Surgery, Gunma Prefecture Saiseikai Maebashi Hospital, Maebashi, Japan
| | - Ken Shirabe
- Division of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Department of General Surgical Science, Gunma University Graduate School of Medicine, 3-39-22 Showa-Machi, Maebashi, Gunma, 371-8511, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Deng J, Peng DH, Fenyo D, Yuan H, Lopez A, Levin DS, Meynardie M, Quinteros M, Ranieri M, Sahu S, Lau SCM, Shum E, Velcheti V, Punekar SR, Rekhtman N, Dowling CM, Weerasekara V, Xue Y, Ji H, Siu Y, Jones D, Hata AN, Shimamura T, Poirier JT, Rudin CM, Hattori T, Koide S, Papagiannakopoulos T, Neel BG, Bardeesy N, Wong KK. In vivo metabolomics identifies CD38 as an emergent vulnerability in LKB1 -mutant lung cancer. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2023:2023.04.18.537350. [PMID: 37131623 PMCID: PMC10153147 DOI: 10.1101/2023.04.18.537350] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
LKB1/STK11 is a serine/threonine kinase that plays a major role in controlling cell metabolism, resulting in potential therapeutic vulnerabilities in LKB1-mutant cancers. Here, we identify the NAD + degrading ectoenzyme, CD38, as a new target in LKB1-mutant NSCLC. Metabolic profiling of genetically engineered mouse models (GEMMs) revealed that LKB1 mutant lung cancers have a striking increase in ADP-ribose, a breakdown product of the critical redox co-factor, NAD + . Surprisingly, compared with other genetic subsets, murine and human LKB1-mutant NSCLC show marked overexpression of the NAD+-catabolizing ectoenzyme, CD38 on the surface of tumor cells. Loss of LKB1 or inactivation of Salt-Inducible Kinases (SIKs)-key downstream effectors of LKB1- induces CD38 transcription induction via a CREB binding site in the CD38 promoter. Treatment with the FDA-approved anti-CD38 antibody, daratumumab, inhibited growth of LKB1-mutant NSCLC xenografts. Together, these results reveal CD38 as a promising therapeutic target in patients with LKB1 mutant lung cancer. SIGNIFICANCE Loss-of-function mutations in the LKB1 tumor suppressor of lung adenocarcinoma patients and are associated with resistance to current treatments. Our study identified CD38 as a potential therapeutic target that is highly overexpressed in this specific subtype of cancer, associated with a shift in NAD homeostasis.
Collapse
|
10
|
Yamamoto H, Sakamoto H, Kumagai H, Abe T, Ishiguro S, Uchida K, Kawasaki Y, Saida Y, Sano Y, Takeuchi Y, Tajika M, Nakajima T, Banno K, Funasaka Y, Hori S, Yamaguchi T, Yoshida T, Ishikawa H, Iwama T, Okazaki Y, Saito Y, Matsuura N, Mutoh M, Tomita N, Akiyama T, Yamamoto T, Ishida H, Nakayama Y. Clinical Guidelines for Diagnosis and Management of Peutz-Jeghers Syndrome in Children and Adults. Digestion 2023; 104:335-347. [PMID: 37054692 DOI: 10.1159/000529799] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2022] [Accepted: 02/14/2023] [Indexed: 04/15/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Peutz-Jeghers syndrome (PJS) is a rare disease characterized by the presence of hamartomatous polyposis throughout the gastrointestinal tract, except for the esophagus, along with characteristic mucocutaneous pigmentation. It is caused by germline pathogenic variants of the STK11 gene, which exhibit an autosomal dominant mode of inheritance. Some patients with PJS develop gastrointestinal lesions in childhood and require continuous medical care until adulthood and sometimes have serious complications that significantly reduce their quality of life. Hamartomatous polyps in the small bowel may cause bleeding, intestinal obstruction, and intussusception. Novel diagnostic and therapeutic endoscopic procedures such as small-bowel capsule endoscopy and balloon-assisted enteroscopy have been developed in recent years. SUMMARY Under these circumstances, there is growing concern about the management of PJS in Japan, and there are no practice guidelines available. To address this situation, the guideline committee was organized by the Research Group on Rare and Intractable Diseases granted by the Ministry of Health, Labour and Welfare with specialists from multiple academic societies. The present clinical guidelines explain the principles in the diagnosis and management of PJS together with four clinical questions and corresponding recommendations based on a careful review of the evidence and involved incorporating the concept of the Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development and Evaluation system. KEY MESSAGES Herein, we present the English version of the clinical practice guidelines of PJS to promote seamless implementation of accurate diagnosis and appropriate management of pediatric, adolescent, and adult patients with PJS.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hironori Yamamoto
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, Jichi Medical University, Shimotsuke, Tochigi, Japan
| | - Hirotsugu Sakamoto
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, Jichi Medical University, Shimotsuke, Tochigi, Japan
| | - Hideki Kumagai
- Department of Pediatrics, Jichi Medical University, Shimotsuke, Tochigi, Japan
| | - Takashi Abe
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hanwa Sumiyoshi General Hospital, Osaka, Japan
| | | | - Keiichi Uchida
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Mie University Hospital, Tsu, Japan
| | - Yuko Kawasaki
- University of Hyogo, College of Nursing, Akashi, Japan
| | - Yoshihisa Saida
- Department of Surgery, Toho University Ohashi Medical Center, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yasushi Sano
- Gastrointestinal Center & Institute of Minimally-invasive Endoscopic Care, Sano Hospital, Kobe, Japan
| | - Yoji Takeuchi
- Division of Hereditary Tumors, Department of Gastrointestinal Oncology, And Department of Genetic Oncology, Osaka International Cancer Institute, Osaka, Japan
| | | | - Takeshi Nakajima
- Department of Clinical Genetic Oncology, Cancer Institute Hospital of JFCR, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kouji Banno
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yoko Funasaka
- Department of Dermatology, Nippon Medical School, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Shinichiro Hori
- Department of Cancer Genomic Medicine, NHO Shikoku Cancer Center, Matsuyama, Japan
| | - Tatsuro Yamaguchi
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Tokyo Metropolitan Cancer and Infectious Diseases Center Komagome Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Teruhiko Yoshida
- Department of Genetic Medicine and Services, National Cancer Center Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hideki Ishikawa
- Department of Molecular-Targeting Prevention, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
- Ishikawa Gastroenterology Clinic, Osaka, Japan
| | - Takeo Iwama
- Department of Digestive Tract and General Surgery, Saitama Medical Center, Saitama Medical University, Kawagoe, Japan
| | - Yasushi Okazaki
- Intractable Disease Research Center, Graduate School of Medicine, Juntendo University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yutaka Saito
- Endoscopy Division, National Cancer Center Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
| | | | - Michihiro Mutoh
- Department of Molecular-Targeting Prevention, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Naohiro Tomita
- Cancer Treatment Center, Toyonaka Municipal Hospital, Toyonaka, Osaka, Japan
| | - Takashi Akiyama
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Chuden Hospital, Hiroshima, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Toshiki Yamamoto
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine, Nihon University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hideyuki Ishida
- Department of Digestive Tract and General Surgery, Saitama Medical Center, Saitama Medical University, Kawagoe, Japan
| | - Yoshiko Nakayama
- Department of Pediatrics, Shinshu University School of Medicine, Matsumoto, Nagano, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Serine/Threonine Kinase 11 Plays a Canonical Role in Malignant Progression of KRAS -Mutant and GNAS -Wild-Type Intraductal Papillary Mucinous Neoplasms of the Pancreas. Ann Surg 2023; 277:e384-e395. [PMID: 33914475 DOI: 10.1097/sla.0000000000004842] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE We aimed to elucidate the clinicopathobiological significance of Serine/Threonine Kinase 11 (STK11) in pancreatic intraductal papillary mucinous neoplasms (IPMNs). BACKGROUND STK11 is a tumor suppressor involved in certain IPMNs; however, its significance is not well known. METHODS In 184 IPMNs without Peutz-Jeghers syndrome, we analyzed expression of STK11 and phosphorylated-AMPKa in all cases, and p16, p53, SMAD4, and β-catenin in 140 cases by immunohistochemistry; and we analyzed mutations in 37 genes, including whole coding exons of STK11, CDKN2A, TP53, and SMAD4, and hotspots of KRAS, BRAF, and GNAS in 64 cases by targeted sequencing. KRAS and GNAS were additionally analyzed in 86 STK11-normal IPMNs using digital-PCR. RESULTS Consistent loss or reduction of STK11 expression was observed in 26 of 184 (14%) IPMNs. These STK11-aberrant IPMNs were 17 of 45 (38%) pancreatobiliary, 8 of 27 (30%) oncocytic, 1 of 54 (2%) gastric, and 0 of 58 (0%) intestinal subtypes ( P = 8.5E-11), and 20 of 66 (30%) invasive, 6 of 74 (8%) high-grade, and 0 of 44 (0%) low-grade ( P = 3.9E-06). Sixteen somatic STK11 mutations (5 frameshift, 6 nonsense, 1 splicing, and 4 missense) were detected in 15/26 STK11-aberrant IPMNs ( P = 4.1E-06). All STK11-aberrantIPMNs were GNAS -wild-type and 96% of them were KRAS or BRAF -mutant.Morphologically, STK11-aberrant IPMNs presented "fern-like" arborizing papillae with thin fibrovascular core. Phosphorylated-AMPKa was down-regulated in STK11-aberrant IPMNs (92%, P = 6.8E-11). Patients with STK11-aberrant IPMNs showed poorer survival than patients with STK11-normal IPMNs ( P = 3.6E-04 overall; P = 6.1E-04 disease-free). CONCLUSION STK11 may play a canonical role in malignant progression and poor survival of patients with IPMNs. Aberrant STK11-driven phosphorylated AMPK downregulation may provide therapeutic opportunities with mTOR inhibitors/AMPK activators.
Collapse
|
12
|
Bennett C, Suguitan M, Abad J, Chawla A. Identification of high-risk germline variants for the development of pancreatic cancer: Common characteristics and potential guidance to screening guidelines. Pancreatology 2022; 22:719-729. [PMID: 35798629 DOI: 10.1016/j.pan.2022.05.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2022] [Revised: 05/05/2022] [Accepted: 05/25/2022] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Pancreatic cancer (PC) is a product of a variety of environmental and genetic factors. Recent work has highlighted the influence of hereditary syndromes on pancreatic cancer incidence. The purpose of this review is to identify the high-risk syndromes, common variants, and risks associated with PC. The study also elucidates common characteristics of patients with these mutations, which is used to recommend potential changes to current screening protocols for greater screening efficacy. We analyzed 8 syndromes and their respective variants: Hereditary Breast and Ovarian Cancer (BRCA1/2), Familial Atypical Multiple Mole Melanoma Syndrome (CDKN2A), Peutz-Jeghers Syndrome (STK11), Lynch Syndrome (PMS2, MLH1, MSH2, MSH6, EPCAM), Ataxia Telangiectasia (ATM), Li-Fraumeni Syndrome (TP53), Fanconi Anemia (PALB2), and Hereditary Pancreatitis (PRSS1, SPINK1, CFTR). Of 587 studies evaluated, 79 studies fit into our inclusion criteria. Information from each study was analyzed to draw conclusions on these variants as well as their association with pancreatic cancer. Information from this review is intended to improve precision medicine and improve criteria for screening.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Cade Bennett
- Division of Surgical Oncology, Department of Surgery, Northwestern Medicine Regional Medical Group, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Mike Suguitan
- Division of Surgical Oncology, Department of Surgery, Northwestern Medicine Regional Medical Group, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - John Abad
- Division of Surgical Oncology, Department of Surgery, Northwestern Medicine Regional Medical Group, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Akhil Chawla
- Division of Surgical Oncology, Department of Surgery, Northwestern Medicine Regional Medical Group, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA; Robert H. Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center, Chicago, IL, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Ardeshna DR, Rangwani S, Cao T, Pawlik TM, Stanich PP, Krishna SG. Intraductal Papillary Mucinous Neoplasms in Hereditary Cancer Syndromes. Biomedicines 2022; 10:biomedicines10071475. [PMID: 35884779 PMCID: PMC9313108 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines10071475] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2022] [Revised: 06/17/2022] [Accepted: 06/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Hereditary pancreatic cancer, which includes patients with familial pancreatic cancer (FPC) and hereditary pancreatic cancer syndromes, accounts for about 10% of all pancreatic cancer diagnoses. The early detection of pre-cancerous pancreatic cysts has increasingly become a focus of interest in recent years as a potential avenue to lower pancreatic cancer incidence and mortality. Intraductal papillary mucinous cystic neoplasms (IPMNs) are recognized precursor lesions of pancreatic cancer. IPMNs have high prevalence in patients with hereditary pancreatic cancer and their relatives. While various somatic mutations have been identified in IPMNs, certain germline mutations associated with hereditary cancer syndromes have also been identified in IPMNs, suggesting a role in their formation. While the significance for the higher prevalence of IPMNs or similar germline mutations in these high-risk patients remain unclear, IPMNs do represent pre-malignant lesions that need close surveillance. This review summarizes the available literature on the incidence and prevalence of IPMNs in inherited genetic predisposition syndromes and FPC and speculates if IPMN and pancreatic cancer surveillance in these high-risk individuals needs to change.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Devarshi R. Ardeshna
- Department of Internal Medicine, Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH 43210, USA; (D.R.A.); (S.R.)
| | - Shiva Rangwani
- Department of Internal Medicine, Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH 43210, USA; (D.R.A.); (S.R.)
| | - Troy Cao
- College of Medicine, Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA;
| | - Timothy M. Pawlik
- Department of Surgery, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH 43210, USA;
| | - Peter P. Stanich
- Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, Department of Internal Medicine, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH 43210, USA;
| | - Somashekar G. Krishna
- Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, Department of Internal Medicine, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH 43210, USA;
- Correspondence:
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Greer SU, Chen J, Ogmundsdottir MH, Ayala C, Lau BT, Delacruz RGC, Sandoval IT, Kristjansdottir S, Jones DA, Haslem DS, Romero R, Fulde G, Bell JM, Jonasson JG, Steingrimsson E, Ji HP, Nadauld LD. Germline variants of ATG7 in familial cholangiocarcinoma alter autophagy and p62. Sci Rep 2022; 12:10333. [PMID: 35725745 PMCID: PMC9209431 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-13569-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2021] [Accepted: 05/25/2022] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Autophagy is a housekeeping mechanism tasked with eliminating misfolded proteins and damaged organelles to maintain cellular homeostasis. Autophagy deficiency results in increased oxidative stress, DNA damage and chronic cellular injury. Among the core genes in the autophagy machinery, ATG7 is required for autophagy initiation and autophagosome formation. Based on the analysis of an extended pedigree of familial cholangiocarcinoma, we determined that all affected family members had a novel germline mutation (c.2000C>T p.Arg659* (p.R659*)) in ATG7. Somatic deletions of ATG7 were identified in the tumors of affected individuals. We applied linked-read sequencing to one tumor sample and demonstrated that the ATG7 somatic deletion and germline mutation were located on distinct alleles, resulting in two hits to ATG7. From a parallel population genetic study, we identified a germline polymorphism of ATG7 (c.1591C>G p.Asp522Glu (p.D522E)) associated with increased risk of cholangiocarcinoma. To characterize the impact of these germline ATG7 variants on autophagy activity, we developed an ATG7-null cell line derived from the human bile duct. The mutant p.R659* ATG7 protein lacked the ability to lipidate its LC3 substrate, leading to complete loss of autophagy and increased p62 levels. Our findings indicate that germline ATG7 variants have the potential to impact autophagy function with implications for cholangiocarcinoma development.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Stephanie U Greer
- Division of Oncology, Department of Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA
| | - Jiamin Chen
- Division of Oncology, Department of Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA
| | - Margret H Ogmundsdottir
- Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, BioMedical Center, University of Iceland, Sturlugata 8, 101, Reykjavik, Iceland
| | - Carlos Ayala
- Division of General Surgery, Department of Surgery, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA
| | - Billy T Lau
- Division of Oncology, Department of Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA
| | - Richard Glenn C Delacruz
- Intermountain Precision Genomics Program, Intermountain Healthcare, Saint George, UT, 84790, USA
- Oklahoma Medical Research Foundation, Oklahoma University, Oklahoma City, OK, 73104, USA
| | - Imelda T Sandoval
- Intermountain Precision Genomics Program, Intermountain Healthcare, Saint George, UT, 84790, USA
- Oklahoma Medical Research Foundation, Oklahoma University, Oklahoma City, OK, 73104, USA
| | | | - David A Jones
- Intermountain Precision Genomics Program, Intermountain Healthcare, Saint George, UT, 84790, USA
- Oklahoma Medical Research Foundation, Oklahoma University, Oklahoma City, OK, 73104, USA
| | - Derrick S Haslem
- Intermountain Precision Genomics Program, Intermountain Healthcare, Saint George, UT, 84790, USA
| | - Robin Romero
- Intermountain Precision Genomics Program, Intermountain Healthcare, Saint George, UT, 84790, USA
| | - Gail Fulde
- Intermountain Precision Genomics Program, Intermountain Healthcare, Saint George, UT, 84790, USA
| | - John M Bell
- Stanford Genome Technology Center, Stanford University, Palo Alto, CA, 94304, USA
| | - Jon G Jonasson
- Department of Pathology, Landspítali-University Hospital, 101, Reykjavik, Iceland
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Iceland, Sturlugata 8, 101, Reykjavik, Iceland
| | - Eirikur Steingrimsson
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Medicine, BioMedical Center, University of Iceland, Sturlugata 8, 101, Reykjavik, Iceland
| | - Hanlee P Ji
- Division of Oncology, Department of Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA.
- Stanford Genome Technology Center, Stanford University, Palo Alto, CA, 94304, USA.
| | - Lincoln D Nadauld
- Intermountain Precision Genomics Program, Intermountain Healthcare, Saint George, UT, 84790, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Devico Marciano N, Kroening G, Dayyani F, Zell JA, Lee FC, Cho M, Valerin JG. BRCA-Mutated Pancreatic Cancer: From Discovery to Novel Treatment Paradigms. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:cancers14102453. [PMID: 35626055 PMCID: PMC9140002 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14102453] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2022] [Revised: 05/02/2022] [Accepted: 05/13/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Approximately 10–20% of pancreatic cancer patients will have a mutation in their DNA, passed on in families, that contributes to the development of their pancreatic cancer. These mutations are important in that they effect the biology of the disease as well as contribute to sensitivity to specific treatments. We describe the critical role that these genes play in various cellular processes in the body that contribute to their role in cancer development and normal cellular function. In this review, we aim to describe the role of certain genes (BRCA1 and BRCA2) in the development of pancreatic cancer and the current and future research efforts underway to treat this subtype of disease. Abstract The discovery of BRCA1 and BRCA2 in the 1990s revolutionized the way we research and treat breast, ovarian, and pancreatic cancers. In the case of pancreatic cancers, germline mutations occur in about 10–20% of patients, with mutations in BRCA1 and BRCA2 being the most common. BRCA genes are critical in DNA repair pathways, particularly in homologous recombination, which has a serious impact on genomic stability and can contribute to cancerous cell proliferation. However, BRCA1 also plays a fundamental role in cell cycle checkpoint control, ubiquitination, control of gene expression, and chromatin remodeling, while BRCA2 also plays a role in transcription and immune system response. Therefore, mutations in these genes lead to multiple defects in cells that may be utilized when treating cancer. BRCA mutations seem to confer a prognostic benefit with an improved overall survival due to differing underlying biology. These mutations also appear to be a predictive marker, with patients showing increased sensitivity to certain treatments, such as platinum chemotherapy and PARP inhibitors. Olaparib is currently indicated for maintenance therapy in metastatic PDAC after induction with platinum-based chemotherapy. Resistance has been found to these therapies, and with a 10.8% five-year OS, novel therapies are desperately needed.
Collapse
|
16
|
Ozcan K, Klimstra DS. A Review of Mucinous Cystic and Intraductal Neoplasms of the Pancreatobiliary Tract. Arch Pathol Lab Med 2022; 146:298-311. [PMID: 35192699 DOI: 10.5858/arpa.2021-0399-ra] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/24/2021] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
CONTEXT.— Although most pancreatic and bile duct neoplasms are solid, mucinous cystic neoplasms and intraductal neoplasms have been increasingly recognized even when clinically silent, thanks to the increased use of sensitive imaging techniques. Cystic and intraductal neoplasms of the pancreas are often resectable and curable and constitute about 5% of all pancreatic neoplasms. Owing to their preinvasive nature and different biology, recognition of these entities remains a major priority. Mucinous cystic neoplasms are histologically and clinically distinct from other cystic pancreatic neoplasms. Pancreatic intraductal neoplasms encompass 3 major entities: intraductal papillary mucinous neoplasm, intraductal oncocytic papillary neoplasm, and intraductal tubulopapillary neoplasm. Intraductal papillary neoplasms of bile ducts are also preinvasive mass-forming neoplasms with both similarities and differences with their pancreatic counterparts. All of these pancreatobiliary neoplasms have diverse and distinctive clinicopathologic, genetic, and prognostic variations. OBJECTIVE.— To review the clinical, pathologic, and molecular features of mucinous cystic and intraductal neoplasms of the pancreatobiliary tract. DATA SOURCES.— Literature review, diagnostic manuals, and guidelines. CONCLUSIONS.— This review will briefly describe well-known clinical and pathologic features and will focus on selected recently described aspects of morphology, grading, classification, and genomic alterations of cystic and intraductal neoplasms of the pancreatobiliary tract.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kerem Ozcan
- From the Department of Pathology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York
| | - David S Klimstra
- From the Department of Pathology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Kasugai Y, Kohmoto T, Taniyama Y, Koyanagi YN, Usui Y, Iwase M, Oze I, Yamaguchi R, Ito H, Imoto I, Matsuo K. Association between germline pathogenic variants and breast cancer risk in Japanese women: the HERPACC study. Cancer Sci 2022; 113:1451-1462. [PMID: 35218119 PMCID: PMC8990868 DOI: 10.1111/cas.15312] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2021] [Revised: 02/14/2022] [Accepted: 02/21/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Approximately 5-10% of breast cancers are hereditary, caused by germline pathogenic variants (GPVs) in breast cancer predisposition genes. To date, most studies of the prevalence of GPVs and risk of breast cancer for each gene based on cases and non-cancer controls have been conducted in Europe and the United States, and little information from Japanese populations is available. Furthermore, no studies considered confounding by established environmental factors and single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) identified in genome-wide association studies (GWAS) together in GPV evaluation. To evaluate the association between GPVs in nine established breast cancer predisposition genes including BRCA1/2 and breast cancer risk in Japanese women comprehensively, we conducted a case-control study within the Hospital-based Epidemiologic Research Program at Aichi Cancer Center (629 cases and 1153 controls). The associations between GPVs and the risk of breast cancer were assessed by odds ratios (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) using logistic regression models adjusted for potential confounders. A total of 25 GPVs were detected among all cases (4.0%: 95%CI:2.6-5.9), whereas four individuals carried GPVs in all controls (0.4%). OR for breast cancer by all GPVs and by GPVs in BRCA1/2 was 12.2 (4.4-34.0, P = 1.74E-06) and 16.0 (4.2-60.9, P = 5.03E-0.5), respectively. A potential confounding with GPVs was observed for the GWAS-identified SNPs, whereas not for established environmental risk factors. In conclusion, GPVs increase the risk of breast cancer in Japanese women regardless of environmental factors and GWAS-identified SNPs. Future studies investigating interactions with environment and SNPs are warranted.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yumiko Kasugai
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Prevention, Aichi Cancer Center Research Institute, Nagoya, Japan.,Department of Cancer Epidemiology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Tomohiro Kohmoto
- Division of Cancer Systems Biology, Aichi Cancer Center Research Institute, Nagoya, Japan.,Department of Human Genetics, Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Tokushima University, Tokushima, Japan
| | - Yukari Taniyama
- Division of Cancer Information and Control, Aichi Cancer Center Research Institute, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Yuriko N Koyanagi
- Division of Cancer Information and Control, Aichi Cancer Center Research Institute, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Yoshiaki Usui
- Division of Cancer Information and Control, Aichi Cancer Center Research Institute, Nagoya, Japan.,Laboratory for Genotyping Development, RIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Madoka Iwase
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Prevention, Aichi Cancer Center Research Institute, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Isao Oze
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Prevention, Aichi Cancer Center Research Institute, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Rui Yamaguchi
- Division of Cancer Systems Biology, Aichi Cancer Center Research Institute, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Hidemi Ito
- Division of Cancer Information and Control, Aichi Cancer Center Research Institute, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Issei Imoto
- Aichi Cancer Center Research Institute, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Keitaro Matsuo
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Prevention, Aichi Cancer Center Research Institute, Nagoya, Japan.,Department of Cancer Epidemiology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Molecular Features and Clinical Management of Hereditary Pancreatic Cancer Syndromes and Familial Pancreatic Cancer. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23031205. [PMID: 35163129 PMCID: PMC8835700 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23031205] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2021] [Revised: 01/16/2022] [Accepted: 01/18/2022] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Hereditary pancreatic cancers are caused by several inherited genes. Familial pancreatic cancer is defined as pancreatic cancer arising in a patient with at least two first-degree relatives with pancreatic cancer in the absence of an identified genetic cause. Hereditary pancreatic cancer syndromes and familial pancreatic cancers account for about 10% of pancreatic cancer cases. Germline mutations in BRCA1, BRCA2, ATM, PALB2, CDKN2A, STK11, and TP53 and mismatch repair genes (MLH1, MSH2, MSH6, PMS2, and EPCAM) are among the well-known inherited susceptibility genes. Currently available targeted medications include poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase inhibitors (PARP) for cases with mutant BRCA and immune checkpoint inhibitors for cases with mismatch repair deficiency. Loss of heterozygosity of hereditary pancreatic cancer susceptibility genes such as BRCA1/2 plays a key role in carcinogenesis and sensitivity to PARP inhibitors. Signature 3 identified by whole genome sequencing is also associated with homologous recombination deficiency and sensitivity to targeted therapies. In this review, we summarize molecular features and treatments of hereditary pancreatic cancer syndromes and surveillance procedures for unaffected high-risk cases. We also review transgenic murine models to gain a better understanding of carcinogenesis in hereditary pancreatic cancer.
Collapse
|
19
|
Cho JH, Hughes JW. Cilia Action in Islets: Lessons From Mouse Models. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2022; 13:922983. [PMID: 35813631 PMCID: PMC9260721 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2022.922983] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2022] [Accepted: 05/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Primary cilia as a signaling organelle have garnered recent attention as a regulator of pancreatic islet function. These rod-like sensors exist on all major islet endocrine cell types and transduce a variety of external cues, while dysregulation of cilia function contributes to the development of diabetes. The complex role of islet primary cilia has been examined using genetic deletion targeting various components of cilia. In this review, we summarize experimental models for the study of islet cilia and current understanding of mechanisms of cilia regulation of islet hormone secretion. Consensus from these studies shows that pancreatic cilia perturbation can cause both endocrine and exocrine defects that are relevant to human disease. We discuss future research directions that would further elucidate cilia action in distinct groups of islet cells, including paracrine and juxtacrine regulation, GPCR signaling, and endocrine-exocrine crosstalk.
Collapse
|
20
|
Genetic Mutations of Pancreatic Cancer and Genetically Engineered Mouse Models. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 14:cancers14010071. [PMID: 35008235 PMCID: PMC8750056 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14010071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2021] [Revised: 12/15/2021] [Accepted: 12/16/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is a highly aggressive malignancy. Recent multi-gene analysis approaches such as next-generation sequencing have provided useful information on the molecular characterization of pancreatic tumors. Different types of pancreatic cancer and precursor lesions are characterized by specific molecular alterations. Genetically engineered mouse models (GEMMs) of PDAC are useful tools to understand the roles of altered genes. Most GEMMs are driven by oncogenic Kras, and can recapitulate the histological and molecular hallmarks of human PDAC and comparable precursor lesions. In this review, we summarize the main molecular alterations found in pancreatic neoplasms and GEMMs developed based on these alterations. Abstract Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is a highly aggressive malignancy, and the seventh leading cause of cancer-related deaths worldwide. An improved understanding of tumor biology and novel therapeutic discoveries are needed to improve overall survival. Recent multi-gene analysis approaches such as next-generation sequencing have provided useful information on the molecular characterization of pancreatic tumors. Different types of pancreatic cancer and precursor lesions are characterized by specific molecular alterations. Genetically engineered mouse models (GEMMs) of PDAC are useful to understand the roles of altered genes. Most GEMMs are driven by oncogenic Kras, and can recapitulate the histological and molecular hallmarks of human PDAC and comparable precursor lesions. Advanced GEMMs permit the temporally and spatially controlled manipulation of multiple target genes using a dual-recombinase system or CRISPR/Cas9 gene editing. GEMMs that express fluorescent proteins allow cell lineage tracing to follow tumor growth and metastasis to understand the contribution of different cell types in cancer progression. GEMMs are widely used for therapeutic optimization. In this review, we summarize the main molecular alterations found in pancreatic neoplasms, developed GEMMs, and the contribution of GEMMs to the current understanding of PDAC pathobiology. Furthermore, we attempted to modify the categorization of altered driver genes according to the most updated findings.
Collapse
|
21
|
Wattenberg MM, Reiss KA. Determinants of Homologous Recombination Deficiency in Pancreatic Cancer. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:4716. [PMID: 34572943 PMCID: PMC8466888 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13184716] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2021] [Revised: 09/10/2021] [Accepted: 09/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Pancreatic cancer is a treatment-resistant malignancy associated with high mortality. However, defective homologous recombination (HR), a DNA repair mechanism required for high-fidelity repair of double-strand DNA breaks, is a therapeutic vulnerability. Consistent with this, a subset of patients with pancreatic cancer show unique tumor responsiveness to HR-dependent DNA damage triggered by certain treatments (platinum chemotherapy and PARP inhibitors). While pathogenic mutations in HR genes are a major driver of this sensitivity, another layer of diverse tumor intrinsic and extrinsic factors regulate the HR deficiency (HRD) phenotype. Defining the mechanisms that drive HRD may guide the development of novel strategies and therapeutics to induce treatment sensitivity in non-HRD tumors. Here, we discuss the complexity underlying HRD in pancreatic cancer and highlight implications for identifying and treating this distinct subset of patients.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Max M. Wattenberg
- Division of Hematology-Oncology, Department of Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA;
- Abramson Cancer Center, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Kim A. Reiss
- Division of Hematology-Oncology, Department of Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA;
- Abramson Cancer Center, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Koseoglu H, Celebi A, Galamiyeva G, Dalay N, Ozkardes H, Buyru N. No Tumor Suppressor Role for LKB1 in Prostate Cancer. DNA Cell Biol 2021; 40:1222-1229. [PMID: 34370601 DOI: 10.1089/dna.2021.0274] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
To elucidate the pathogenesis of prostate diseases, following in silico analysis, the LKB1 gene was selected for further investigation. The LKB1 gene has been associated with poor prognosis and is frequently mutated in different types of cancers. In this study, 50 benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) and 57 prostate cancer (PCa) tissues, including matched normal tissue for the patients, were analyzed by qRT-PCR and DNA sequencing for LKB1 expression and the mutation profile, respectively. Expression of LKB1 was increased in 60.7% of the PCa tissues compared with noncancerous tissue samples (p ≤ 0.001). However, LKB1 expression was lower when compared with normal tissues in BPH (p = 0.920). Four coding sequence alterations were detected in BPH. Three silent mutations were located in codons 9, 32, and 275 and a missense mutation was observed in codon 384. Six alterations were identified in the intronic regions of the LKB1 gene in both PCa and BPH. Five mutations were observed in both patient groups. A new alteration in intron 6 was observed in a patient with PCa. The LKB1 gene may be associated with benign transformations rather than the tumors in prostate pathogenesis when its expression and mutation status are considered. However, the mechanism of LKB1 in PCa needs further studies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hikmet Koseoglu
- Department of Medical Biology, Cerrahpasa Medical Faculty, Istanbul University-Cerrahpasa, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Asuman Celebi
- Department of Medical Biology, Cerrahpasa Medical Faculty, Istanbul University-Cerrahpasa, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Gunay Galamiyeva
- Department of Medical Biology, Cerrahpasa Medical Faculty, Istanbul University-Cerrahpasa, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Nejat Dalay
- Department of Medical Biology, Cerrahpasa Medical Faculty, Istanbul University-Cerrahpasa, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Hakan Ozkardes
- Department of Urology, Medical Faculty, Baskent University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Nur Buyru
- Department of Medical Biology, Cerrahpasa Medical Faculty, Istanbul University-Cerrahpasa, Istanbul, Turkey
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Kerk SA, Papagiannakopoulos T, Shah YM, Lyssiotis CA. Metabolic networks in mutant KRAS-driven tumours: tissue specificities and the microenvironment. Nat Rev Cancer 2021; 21:510-525. [PMID: 34244683 DOI: 10.1038/s41568-021-00375-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 91] [Impact Index Per Article: 30.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/28/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Oncogenic mutations in KRAS drive common metabolic programmes that facilitate tumour survival, growth and immune evasion in colorectal carcinoma, non-small-cell lung cancer and pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma. However, the impacts of mutant KRAS signalling on malignant cell programmes and tumour properties are also dictated by tumour suppressor losses and physiological features specific to the cell and tissue of origin. Here we review convergent and disparate metabolic networks regulated by oncogenic mutant KRAS in colon, lung and pancreas tumours, with an emphasis on co-occurring mutations and the role of the tumour microenvironment. Furthermore, we explore how these networks can be exploited for therapeutic gain.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Samuel A Kerk
- Doctoral Program in Cancer Biology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
- Department of Molecular & Integrative Physiology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Thales Papagiannakopoulos
- Department of Pathology, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA
- Perlmutter Cancer Center, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Yatrik M Shah
- Department of Molecular & Integrative Physiology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
- Rogel Cancer Center, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Costas A Lyssiotis
- Department of Molecular & Integrative Physiology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI, USA.
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI, USA.
- Rogel Cancer Center, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Mung KL, Eccleshall WB, Santio NM, Rivero-Müller A, Koskinen PJ. PIM kinases inhibit AMPK activation and promote tumorigenicity by phosphorylating LKB1. Cell Commun Signal 2021; 19:68. [PMID: 34193159 PMCID: PMC8247201 DOI: 10.1186/s12964-021-00749-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2021] [Accepted: 05/14/2021] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The oncogenic PIM kinases and the tumor-suppressive LKB1 kinase have both been implicated in the regulation of cell growth and metabolism, albeit in opposite directions. Here we investigated whether these kinases interact with each other to influence AMPK activation and tumorigenic growth of prostate and breast cancer cells. METHODS We first determined how PIM and LKB1 kinases affect AMPK phosphorylation levels. We then used in vitro kinase assays to demonstrate that LKB1 is phosphorylated by PIM kinases, and site-directed mutagenesis to identify the PIM target sites in LKB1. The cellular functions of PIM and LKB1 kinases were evaluated using either pan-PIM inhibitors or CRISPR/Cas9 genomic editing, with which all three PIM family members and/or LKB1 were knocked out from PC3 prostate and MCF7 breast cancer cell lines. In addition to cell proliferation assays, we examined the effects of PIM and/or LKB1 loss on tumor growth using the chick embryo chorioallantoic membrane (CAM) xenograft model. RESULTS We provide both genetic and pharmacological evidence to demonstrate that inhibition of PIM expression or activity increases phosphorylation of AMPK at Thr172 in both PC3 and MCF7 cells, but not in their derivatives lacking LKB1. This is explained by our observation that all three PIM family kinases can phosphorylate LKB1 at Ser334. Wild-type LKB1, but not its phosphodeficient derivative, can restore PIM inhibitor-induced AMPK phosphorylation in LKB1 knock-out cells. In the CAM model, loss of LKB1 enhances tumorigenicity of PC3 xenografts, while cells lacking both LKB1 and PIMs exhibit slower proliferation rates and form smaller tumors. CONCLUSION PIM kinases are novel negative regulators of LKB1 that affect AMPK activity in an LKB1-dependent fashion. The impairment of cell proliferation and tumor growth in cells lacking both LKB1 and PIMs indicates that these kinases possess a shared signaling role in the context of cancer. These data also suggest that PIM inhibitors may be a rational therapeutic option for LKB1-deficient tumors. Video Abstract.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kwan Long Mung
- Department of Biology, University of Turku, Vesilinnantie 5, 20500, Turku, Finland
| | - William B Eccleshall
- Department of Biology, University of Turku, Vesilinnantie 5, 20500, Turku, Finland.,Faculty of Science and Engineering/Cell Biology, Åbo Akademi University, Turku, Finland
| | - Niina M Santio
- Department of Biology, University of Turku, Vesilinnantie 5, 20500, Turku, Finland
| | - Adolfo Rivero-Müller
- Department of Biology, University of Turku, Vesilinnantie 5, 20500, Turku, Finland.,Faculty of Science and Engineering/Cell Biology, Åbo Akademi University, Turku, Finland.,Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Medical University of Lublin, Lublin, Poland
| | - Päivi J Koskinen
- Department of Biology, University of Turku, Vesilinnantie 5, 20500, Turku, Finland.
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Visani M, Acquaviva G, De Leo A, Sanza V, Merlo L, Maloberti T, Brandes AA, Franceschi E, Di Battista M, Masetti M, Jovine E, Fiorino S, Pession A, Tallini G, de Biase D. Molecular alterations in pancreatic tumors. World J Gastroenterol 2021; 27:2710-2726. [PMID: 34135550 PMCID: PMC8173386 DOI: 10.3748/wjg.v27.i21.2710] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2021] [Revised: 02/25/2021] [Accepted: 04/14/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Genetic alterations in pancreatic tumors can usually be classified in: (1) Mutational activation of oncogenes; (2) Inactivation of tumor suppressor genes; and (3) Inactivation of genome maintenance genes controlling the repair of DNA damage. Endoscopic ultrasound-guided fine-needle aspiration has improved pre-operative diagnosis, but the management of patients with a pancreatic lesion is still challenging. Molecular testing could help mainly in solving these “inconclusive” specimens. The introduction of multi-gene analysis approaches, such as next-generation sequencing, has provided a lot of useful information on the molecular characterization of pancreatic tumors. Different types of pancreatic tumors (e.g., pancreatic ductal adenocarcinomas, intraductal papillary mucinous neoplasms, solid pseudopapillary tumors) are characterized by specific molecular alterations. The aim of this review is to summarize the main molecular alterations found in pancreatic tumors.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Michela Visani
- Department of Experimental, Diagnostic and Specialty Medicine, University of Bologna–Molecular Diagnostic Unit, Azienda USL di Bologna, Bologna 40138, Italy
| | - Giorgia Acquaviva
- Department of Experimental, Diagnostic and Specialty Medicine, University of Bologna–Molecular Diagnostic Unit, Azienda USL di Bologna, Bologna 40138, Italy
| | - Antonio De Leo
- Department of Experimental, Diagnostic and Specialty Medicine, University of Bologna–Molecular Diagnostic Unit, Azienda USL di Bologna, Bologna 40138, Italy
- Division of Molecular Pathology Laboratory, IRCCS Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria di Bologna, Bologna 40138, Italy
| | - Viviana Sanza
- Department of Experimental, Diagnostic and Specialty Medicine, University of Bologna–Molecular Diagnostic Unit, Azienda USL di Bologna, Bologna 40138, Italy
| | - Lidia Merlo
- Department of Experimental, Diagnostic and Specialty Medicine, University of Bologna–Molecular Diagnostic Unit, Azienda USL di Bologna, Bologna 40138, Italy
| | - Thais Maloberti
- Department of Experimental, Diagnostic and Specialty Medicine, University of Bologna–Molecular Diagnostic Unit, Azienda USL di Bologna, Bologna 40138, Italy
| | - Alba A Brandes
- Medical Oncology Department, Azienda USL/IRCCS Istituto Delle Scienze Neurologiche di Bologna, Bologna 40139, Italy
| | - Enrico Franceschi
- Medical Oncology Department, Azienda USL/IRCCS Istituto Delle Scienze Neurologiche di Bologna, Bologna 40139, Italy
| | - Monica Di Battista
- Medical Oncology Department, Azienda USL/IRCCS Istituto Delle Scienze Neurologiche di Bologna, Bologna 40139, Italy
| | - Michele Masetti
- Division of Surgery, IRCCS Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria di Bologna, Bologna 40133, Italy
| | - Elio Jovine
- Division of Surgery, IRCCS Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria di Bologna, Bologna 40133, Italy
| | - Sirio Fiorino
- Internal Medicine Unit, Budrio Hospital Azienda USL, Bologna 40133, Italy
| | - Annalisa Pession
- Division of Molecular Pathology Laboratory, IRCCS Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria di Bologna, Bologna 40138, Italy
- Department of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, University of Bologna, Bologna 40138, Italy
| | - Giovanni Tallini
- Department of Experimental, Diagnostic and Specialty Medicine, University of Bologna–Molecular Diagnostic Unit, Azienda USL di Bologna, Bologna 40138, Italy
- Division of Molecular Pathology Laboratory, IRCCS Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria di Bologna, Bologna 40138, Italy
| | - Dario de Biase
- Division of Molecular Pathology Laboratory, IRCCS Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria di Bologna, Bologna 40138, Italy
- Department of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, University of Bologna, Bologna 40138, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
Pandit M, Timilshina M, Chang JH. LKB1-PTEN axis controls Th1 and Th17 cell differentiation via regulating mTORC1. J Mol Med (Berl) 2021; 99:1139-1150. [PMID: 34003330 DOI: 10.1007/s00109-021-02090-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2020] [Revised: 05/06/2021] [Accepted: 05/10/2021] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Immuno-environmental change triggers CD4+ T cell differentiation. T cell specialization activates metabolic signal pathways to meet energy requirements. Defective T cell-intrinsic metabolism can aggravate immunopathology in chronic diseases. Liver kinase B1 (LKB1) deletion in T cell or Treg cell results in systemic inflammatory symptoms, indicating a crucial role of LKB1 in T cells. However, the mechanism underlying the development of inflammation is unclear. In our study, LKB1-deficient T cells were differentiated preferentially into Th1 and Th17 cells in the absence of inflammation. Mechanistically, LKB1 directly binds and phosphorylates phosphatase and tensin homolog (PTEN), an upstream regulator of mammalian target of rapamycin complex 1 (mTORC1), which is independent of AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK). As a result, LKB1 deficiency was associated with increased mTORC1 activity and hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF)1α-mediated glycolysis. Inhibition of glycolysis or biallelic disruption of LKB1 and HIF1α abrogated this phenotype, suggesting Th1- and Th17-biased differentiation in LKB1-deficient T cells was mediated by glycolysis. Our study indicates that LKB1 controls mTORC1 signaling through PTEN activation, not AMPK, which controls effector T cell differentiation in a T cell-intrinsic manner. KEY MESSAGES: • LKB1 maintains T cell homeostasis in a cell intrinsic manner. • Glycolysis is involved in the LKB1-mediated T cell differentiation. • LKB1 phosphorylates PTEN, not AMPK, to regulate mTORC1.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mahesh Pandit
- College of Pharmacy, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan, 38541, Republic of Korea
| | | | - Jae-Hoon Chang
- College of Pharmacy, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan, 38541, Republic of Korea.
| |
Collapse
|
27
|
Krishnamurthy N, Goodman AM, Barkauskas DA, Kurzrock R. STK11 alterations in the pan-cancer setting: prognostic and therapeutic implications. Eur J Cancer 2021; 148:215-229. [PMID: 33744718 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejca.2021.01.050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2020] [Revised: 12/24/2020] [Accepted: 01/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND STK11 is an important tumour suppressor gene reported to confer immunotherapy resistance in non-small-cell lung cancers (NSCLC) especially in the presence of KRAS co-alterations. METHODS This study analysed 4446 patients for whom next-generation sequencing of tissue and/or circulating tumour DNA (ctDNA) had been performed. RESULTS Overall, 60 of 4446 tumours (1.35%) harboured STK11 alterations. STK11 alterations were associated with shorter median time to progression and overall survival (OS) across cancers from diagnosis: 6.4 months (5.1-7.9) versus 12 months (11.7-12.3; p = 0.001); and 20.5 (17.4-23.5) versus 29.1 (26.9-31.3; p = 0.03), respectively (pan-cancer). Pan-cancers, the median progression-free survival (PFS; 95% CI) for first-line therapy (regardless of treatment type) for those with co-altered STK11 and KRAS (N = 27; versus STK11-altered and KRAS wild type [N = 33]), was significantly shorter (3 [1.3-4.7] versus 10 [4.9-15.7] months, p < 0.0005, p multivariate, 0.06); the median OS also was also shorter (p multivariate = 0.02). In pan-cancer patients treated with checkpoint blockade, STK11 and KRAS co-altered versus STK11-altered/KRAS wild type had a shorter median PFS and trend toward shorter OS (p = 0.04 and p = 0.06, respectively). In contrast, in examining STK11-altered versus wild-type pan-cancer patients treated with checkpoint blockade immunotherapy, the two groups showed no difference in outcome (PFS [p = 0.4]; OS [p = 0.7]); STK11-altered versus wild-type lung cancer patients also did not fare worse on immunotherapy. CONCLUSIONS Across cancers, STK11 alterations correlated with a poor prognosis regardless of therapy. However, STK11 alterations alone did not associate with inferior immunotherapy outcome in the pan-cancer setting or in NSCLC. Pan-cancer patients with co-altered STK11/KRAS did worse, regardless of treatment type.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nithya Krishnamurthy
- Center for Personalized Cancer Therapy, University of California, Moores Cancer Center, La Jolla, CA, 92093, USA; Yale University, New Haven, CT, 06520, USA.
| | - Aaron M Goodman
- Center for Personalized Cancer Therapy, University of California, Moores Cancer Center, La Jolla, CA, 92093, USA; Department of Medicine, Division of Blood and Marrow Transplantation, University of California San Diego, Moores Cancer Center, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Donald A Barkauskas
- Biostatistics Division, Department of Preventive Medicine, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Razelle Kurzrock
- Center for Personalized Cancer Therapy, University of California, Moores Cancer Center, La Jolla, CA, 92093, USA
| |
Collapse
|
28
|
Hsieh MJ, Weng CC, Lin YC, Wu CC, Chen LT, Cheng KH. Inhibition of β-Catenin Activity Abolishes LKB1 Loss-Driven Pancreatic Cystadenoma in Mice. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22094649. [PMID: 33924999 PMCID: PMC8125161 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22094649] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2020] [Revised: 04/16/2021] [Accepted: 04/16/2021] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Pancreatic cancer (PC) is the seventh leading cause of cancer death worldwide, and remains one of our most recalcitrant and dismal diseases. In contrast to many other malignancies, there has not been a significant improvement in patient survival over the past decade. Despite advances in our understanding of the genetic alterations associated with this disease, an incomplete understanding of the underlying biology and lack of suitable animal models have hampered efforts to develop more effective therapies. LKB1 is a tumor suppressor that functions as a primary upstream kinase of adenine monophosphate-activated protein kinase (AMPK), which is an important mediator in the regulation of cell growth and epithelial polarity pathways. LKB1 is mutated in a significant number of Peutz–Jeghers syndrome (PJS) patients and in a small proportion of sporadic cancers, including PC; however, little is known about how LKB1 loss contributes to PC development. Here, we report that a reduction in Wnt/β-catenin activity is associated with LKB1 tumor-suppressive properties in PC. Remarkably, in vivo functional analyses of β-catenin in the Pdx-1-Cre LKB1L/L β-cateninL/L mouse model compared to LKB1 loss-driven cystadenoma demonstrate that the loss of β-catenin impairs cystadenoma development in the pancreas of Pdx-1Cre LKB1L/L mice and dramatically restores the normal development and functions of the pancreas. This study further determined the in vivo and in vitro therapeutic efficacy of the β-catenin inhibitor FH535 in suppressing LKB1 loss-driven cystadenoma and reducing PC progression that delineates the potential roles of Wnt/β-catenin signaling in PC harboring LKB1 deficiency.
Collapse
MESH Headings
- AMP-Activated Protein Kinase Kinases
- AMP-Activated Protein Kinases/metabolism
- Animals
- Cell Line, Tumor
- Cystadenoma, Mucinous/etiology
- Cystadenoma, Mucinous/metabolism
- Cystadenoma, Mucinous/prevention & control
- Female
- Humans
- Male
- Mice
- Mice, 129 Strain
- Mice, Inbred C57BL
- Mice, Knockout
- Mice, Transgenic
- Mutation
- Neoplasms, Experimental/genetics
- Neoplasms, Experimental/metabolism
- Pancreas/drug effects
- Pancreas/metabolism
- Pancreas/pathology
- Pancreatic Neoplasms/etiology
- Pancreatic Neoplasms/metabolism
- Pancreatic Neoplasms/prevention & control
- Peutz-Jeghers Syndrome/genetics
- Peutz-Jeghers Syndrome/metabolism
- Protein Serine-Threonine Kinases/deficiency
- Protein Serine-Threonine Kinases/genetics
- Sulfonamides/pharmacology
- Wnt Signaling Pathway/drug effects
- beta Catenin/antagonists & inhibitors
- beta Catenin/genetics
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mei-Jen Hsieh
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, National Sun Yat-Sen University, Kaohsiung 804, Taiwan; (M.-J.H.); (C.-C.W.); (Y.-C.L.); (C.-C.W.)
- Division of Neurology, Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Armed Forces General Hospital, Kaohsiung 802, Taiwan
| | - Ching-Chieh Weng
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, National Sun Yat-Sen University, Kaohsiung 804, Taiwan; (M.-J.H.); (C.-C.W.); (Y.-C.L.); (C.-C.W.)
| | - Yu-Chun Lin
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, National Sun Yat-Sen University, Kaohsiung 804, Taiwan; (M.-J.H.); (C.-C.W.); (Y.-C.L.); (C.-C.W.)
| | - Chia-Chen Wu
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, National Sun Yat-Sen University, Kaohsiung 804, Taiwan; (M.-J.H.); (C.-C.W.); (Y.-C.L.); (C.-C.W.)
| | - Li-Tzong Chen
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, National Sun Yat-Sen University, Kaohsiung 804, Taiwan; (M.-J.H.); (C.-C.W.); (Y.-C.L.); (C.-C.W.)
- National Institute of Cancer Research, National Health Research Institutes, Tainan 704, Taiwan
- Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan
- Department of Oncology, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 704, Taiwan
- Correspondence: (L.-T.C.); (K.-H.C.)
| | - Kuang-Hung Cheng
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, National Sun Yat-Sen University, Kaohsiung 804, Taiwan; (M.-J.H.); (C.-C.W.); (Y.-C.L.); (C.-C.W.)
- National Institute of Cancer Research, National Health Research Institutes, Tainan 704, Taiwan
- Regenerative Medicine and Cell Therapy Research Center, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan
- Department of Medical Laboratory Science and Biotechnology, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan
- Correspondence: (L.-T.C.); (K.-H.C.)
| |
Collapse
|
29
|
Desai D, Khandwala P, Parsi M, Potdar R. PARP inhibitors: shifting the paradigm in the treatment of pancreatic cancer. Med Oncol 2021; 38:61. [PMID: 33891252 DOI: 10.1007/s12032-021-01507-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2021] [Accepted: 03/30/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Pancreatic cancer, being one of the most fatal cancers, is the 7th leading cause of death globally. Cancer that is resistant to current treatment proves that there is a need for personalized and targeted therapy, based on the tumor and genomic markers. Pembrolizumab and Larotrectinib are examples of current medications used as targeted therapy in pancreatic cancer. Pancreatic cancer has many different molecular subgroups, providing the opportunity for the development of new drugs that can target these groups. Poly (ADP-Ribose) polymerase inhibitors (PARPi) are a group of drugs inhibiting PARP to decrease the stability of the cancer cells. Currently, PARPi are mostly used in ovarian and breast cancer. There are multiple studies that have shown positive effects of PARPi in decreasing the tumor burden in advanced pancreatic cancer. PARPi are the future of pancreatic cancer management, and hence it is important to understand their mechanism, resistance pathways, and their application in the real world.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Devashish Desai
- Internal Medicine, Crozer Chester Medical Center, 1 Medical Center Blvd, Upland, PA, 19013, USA.
| | - Pushti Khandwala
- Internal Medicine, Crozer Chester Medical Center, 1 Medical Center Blvd, Upland, PA, 19013, USA
| | - Meghana Parsi
- Internal Medicine, Crozer Chester Medical Center, 1 Medical Center Blvd, Upland, PA, 19013, USA
| | - Rashmika Potdar
- Hematology/Oncology Department, Alliance Cancer Specialist, Crozer Chester Medical Center, Upland, USA
| |
Collapse
|
30
|
Liotta L, Lange S, Maurer HC, Olive KP, Braren R, Pfarr N, Burger S, Muckenhuber A, Jesinghaus M, Steiger K, Weichert W, Friess H, Schmid R, Algül H, Jost PJ, Ramser J, Fischer C, Quante AS, Reichert M, Quante M. PALLD mutation in a European family conveys a stromal predisposition for familial pancreatic cancer. JCI Insight 2021; 6:141532. [PMID: 33764904 PMCID: PMC8119201 DOI: 10.1172/jci.insight.141532] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2020] [Accepted: 03/17/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUNDPancreatic cancer is one of the deadliest cancers, with low long-term survival rates. Despite recent advances in treatment, it is important to identify and screen high-risk individuals for cancer prevention. Familial pancreatic cancer (FPC) accounts for 4%-10% of pancreatic cancers. Several germline mutations are related to an increased risk and might offer screening and therapy options. In this study, we aimed to identity of a susceptibility gene in a family with FPC.METHODSWhole exome sequencing and PCR confirmation was performed on the surgical specimen and peripheral blood of an index patient and her sister in a family with high incidence of pancreatic cancer, to identify somatic and germline mutations associated with familial pancreatic cancer. Compartment-specific gene expression data and immunohistochemistry were also queried.RESULTSThe identical germline mutation of the PALLD gene (NM_001166108.1:c.G154A:p.D52N) was detected in the index patient with pancreatic cancer and the tumor tissue of her sister. Whole genome sequencing showed similar somatic mutation patterns between the 2 sisters. Apart from the PALLD mutation, commonly mutated genes that characterize pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma were found in both tumor samples. However, the 2 patients harbored different somatic KRAS mutations (G12D and G12V). Healthy siblings did not have the PALLD mutation, indicating a disease-specific impact. Compartment-specific gene expression data and IHC showed expression in cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs).CONCLUSIONWe identified a germline mutation of the palladin (PALLD) gene in 2 siblings in Europe, affected by familial pancreatic cancer, with a significant overexpression in CAFs, suggesting that stromal palladin could play a role in the development, maintenance, and/or progression of pancreatic cancer.FUNDINGDFG SFB 1321.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lucia Liotta
- Klinik und Poliklinik für Innere Medizin II, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technische Universität München, Munich, Germany
| | - Sebastian Lange
- Klinik und Poliklinik für Innere Medizin II, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technische Universität München, Munich, Germany
| | - H. Carlo Maurer
- Klinik und Poliklinik für Innere Medizin II, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technische Universität München, Munich, Germany
- Division of Digestive and Liver Diseases, Department of Medicine, Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, New York, New York, USA
| | - Kenneth P. Olive
- Division of Digestive and Liver Diseases, Department of Medicine, Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, New York, New York, USA
- Herbert Irving Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, New York, USA
| | - Rickmer Braren
- Institut für diagnostische und interventionelle Radiologie, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technische Universität München, Munich, Germany
| | - Nicole Pfarr
- Institut für Pathologie und pathologische Anatomie, Technische Universität München, Munich, Germany
| | - Sebastian Burger
- Klinik und Poliklinik für Innere Medizin II, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technische Universität München, Munich, Germany
| | - Alexander Muckenhuber
- Institut für Pathologie und pathologische Anatomie, Technische Universität München, Munich, Germany
| | - Moritz Jesinghaus
- Institut für Pathologie und pathologische Anatomie, Technische Universität München, Munich, Germany
| | - Katja Steiger
- Institut für Pathologie und pathologische Anatomie, Technische Universität München, Munich, Germany
| | - Wilko Weichert
- Institut für Pathologie und pathologische Anatomie, Technische Universität München, Munich, Germany
- Deutschen Konsortium für Translationale Krebsforschung (DKTK), Partner site Munich, Technische Universität München, Munich, Germany
| | - Helmut Friess
- Chirurgische Klinik, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technische Universität München, Munich, Germany
| | - Roland Schmid
- Klinik und Poliklinik für Innere Medizin II, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technische Universität München, Munich, Germany
| | - Hana Algül
- Klinik und Poliklinik für Innere Medizin II, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technische Universität München, Munich, Germany
| | - Philipp J. Jost
- Deutschen Konsortium für Translationale Krebsforschung (DKTK), Partner site Munich, Technische Universität München, Munich, Germany
- Innere Medizin III, Hämatologie und Onkologie, Technische Universität München, Munich, Germany
| | - Juliane Ramser
- Klinik und Poliklinik für Frauenheilkunde, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technische Universität München, Munich, Germany
| | - Christine Fischer
- Institut für Humangenetik, Ruprecht-Karls Universität, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Anne S. Quante
- Klinik und Poliklinik für Frauenheilkunde, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technische Universität München, Munich, Germany
| | - Maximilian Reichert
- Klinik und Poliklinik für Innere Medizin II, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technische Universität München, Munich, Germany
- Deutschen Konsortium für Translationale Krebsforschung (DKTK), Partner site Munich, Technische Universität München, Munich, Germany
| | - Michael Quante
- Klinik und Poliklinik für Innere Medizin II, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technische Universität München, Munich, Germany
- Deutschen Konsortium für Translationale Krebsforschung (DKTK), Partner site Munich, Technische Universität München, Munich, Germany
- Klinik für Innere Medizin II, Universität Freiburg, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
31
|
Thompson ED, Roberts NJ, Wood LD, Eshleman JR, Goggins MG, Kern SE, Klein AP, Hruban RH. The genetics of ductal adenocarcinoma of the pancreas in the year 2020: dramatic progress, but far to go. Mod Pathol 2020; 33:2544-2563. [PMID: 32704031 PMCID: PMC8375585 DOI: 10.1038/s41379-020-0629-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2020] [Revised: 07/07/2020] [Accepted: 07/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
The publication of the "Pan-Cancer Atlas" by the Pan-Cancer Analysis of Whole Genomes Consortium, a partnership formed by The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) and International Cancer Genome Consortium (ICGC), provides a wonderful opportunity to reflect on where we stand in our understanding of the genetics of pancreatic cancer, as well as on the opportunities to translate this understanding to patient care. From germline variants that predispose to the development of pancreatic cancer, to somatic mutations that are therapeutically targetable, genetics is now providing hope, where there once was no hope, for those diagnosed with pancreatic cancer.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Elizabeth D Thompson
- Department of Pathology, The Sol Goldman Pancreatic Cancer Research Center, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
- Department of Oncology, The Sol Goldman Pancreatic Cancer Research Center, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Nicholas J Roberts
- Department of Pathology, The Sol Goldman Pancreatic Cancer Research Center, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
- Department of Oncology, The Sol Goldman Pancreatic Cancer Research Center, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Laura D Wood
- Department of Pathology, The Sol Goldman Pancreatic Cancer Research Center, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
- Department of Oncology, The Sol Goldman Pancreatic Cancer Research Center, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - James R Eshleman
- Department of Pathology, The Sol Goldman Pancreatic Cancer Research Center, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
- Department of Oncology, The Sol Goldman Pancreatic Cancer Research Center, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Michael G Goggins
- Department of Pathology, The Sol Goldman Pancreatic Cancer Research Center, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
- Department of Oncology, The Sol Goldman Pancreatic Cancer Research Center, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
- Department of Medicine, The Sol Goldman Pancreatic Cancer Research Center, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Scott E Kern
- Department of Pathology, The Sol Goldman Pancreatic Cancer Research Center, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
- Department of Oncology, The Sol Goldman Pancreatic Cancer Research Center, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Alison P Klein
- Department of Pathology, The Sol Goldman Pancreatic Cancer Research Center, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
- Department of Oncology, The Sol Goldman Pancreatic Cancer Research Center, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Ralph H Hruban
- Department of Pathology, The Sol Goldman Pancreatic Cancer Research Center, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA.
- Department of Oncology, The Sol Goldman Pancreatic Cancer Research Center, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
32
|
Jung CK, Jung SH, Jeon S, Jeong YM, Kim Y, Lee S, Bae JS, Chung YJ. Risk Stratification Using a Novel Genetic Classifier Including PLEKHS1 Promoter Mutations for Differentiated Thyroid Cancer with Distant Metastasis. Thyroid 2020; 30:1589-1600. [PMID: 32326836 DOI: 10.1089/thy.2019.0459] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Background: Although most differentiated thyroid carcinomas (DTCs) have indolent behavior, DTCs with distant metastasis have a poor prognosis. However, there are no validated markers that predict the risk of distant metastasis and the prognosis of DTC. We aimed to develop a genetic classifier for predicting the outcomes of DTC patients with distant metastases. Methods: Targeted deep sequencing of 157 cancer-related genes was performed for 61 DTCs with distant metastases. A candidate mutation was validated with independent thyroid cancer samples using digital polymerase chain reaction. Results: The most frequently mutated gene in the 61 DTCs was BRAF (n = 31, 51%), followed by TERT promoter (n = 28, 46%), NRAS (n = 13, 11%), PLEKHS1 promoter (n = 6, 10%), and STK11 (n = 6, 10%) mutations. PLEKHS1 promoter mutations were more common in the radioactive iodine (RAI)-refractory cases (p = 0.003). Losses of 9q and 11q were associated with RAI-refractory disease (p = 0.002) and cancer-specific mortality (p = 0.028), respectively. In multivariate analysis, bone metastasis (adjusted odds ratio [aOR] = 15.17, 95% confidence interval [CI 3.38-68.06], p < 0.001) and at least one mutation in the TERT promoter, the PLEKHS1 promoter, or TP53 (aOR = 7.64 [CI 1.78-32.76], p = 0.006) remained significant factors associated with RAI-refractoriness. In independently collected papillary thyroid carcinomas without initial distant metastasis (n = 75), a PLEKHS1 promoter mutation was only found in one case that developed distant metastasis during the follow-up period. We developed a genetic classifier consisting of BRAF, RAS, the TERT promoter, the PLEKHS1 promoter, and TP53 for categorizing the prognosis of patients with DTC with distant metastasis. In the poor-prognosis group, 61% of the patients were RAI-refractory and death occurred in 21% during the follow-up. In the intermediate-prognosis group, 29% were RAI-refractory, but no death occurred. In the good-prognosis group, all patients were RAI-responsive and no death occurred. Conclusions: Mutations in the PLEKHS1 promoter are a novel genetic marker of aggressive DTC. Our genetic classifier can be useful for predicting RAI-refractory disease and poor prognosis in DTC patients with distant metastases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chan Kwon Jung
- Department of Hospital Pathology, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Cancer Research Institute, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Seung-Hyun Jung
- Cancer Evolution Research Center, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Sora Jeon
- Department of Hospital Pathology, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Cancer Research Institute, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Young Mun Jeong
- Department of Hospital Pathology, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Cancer Research Institute, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Department of Biomedicine and Health Sciences, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Yourha Kim
- Department of Hospital Pathology, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Cancer Research Institute, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Sohee Lee
- Cancer Research Institute, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Department of Surgery, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Ja-Seong Bae
- Cancer Research Institute, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Department of Surgery, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Yeun-Jun Chung
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- IRCGP, Precision Medicine Research Center, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Department of Microbiology, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| |
Collapse
|
33
|
Figueroa-González G, Carrillo-Hernández JF, Perez-Rodriguez I, Cantú de León D, Campos-Parra AD, Martínez-Gutiérrez AD, Coronel-Hernández J, García-Castillo V, López-Camarillo C, Peralta-Zaragoza O, Jacobo-Herrera NJ, Guardado-Estrada M, Pérez-Plasencia C. Negative Regulation of Serine Threonine Kinase 11 (STK11) through miR-100 in Head and Neck Cancer. Genes (Basel) 2020; 11:E1058. [PMID: 32911741 PMCID: PMC7563199 DOI: 10.3390/genes11091058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2020] [Revised: 08/18/2020] [Accepted: 08/25/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Serine Threonine Kinase 11 (STK11), also known as LKB1, is a tumor suppressor gene that regulates several biological processes such as apoptosis, energetic metabolism, proliferation, invasion, and migration. During malignant progression, different types of cancer inhibit STK11 function by mutation or epigenetic inactivation. In Head and Neck Cancer, it is unclear what mechanism is involved in decreasing STK11 levels. Thus, the present work aims to determine whether STK11 expression might be regulated through epigenetic or post-translational mechanisms. METHODS Expression levels and methylation status for STK11 were analyzed in 59 cases of head and neck cancer and 10 healthy tissue counterparts. Afterward, we sought to identify candidate miRNAs exerting post-transcriptional regulation of STK11. Then, we assessed a luciferase gene reporter assay to know if miRNAs directly target STK11 mRNA. The expression levels of the clinical significance of mir-100-3p, -5p, and STK11 in 495 HNC specimens obtained from the TCGA database were further analyzed. Finally, the Kaplan-Meier method was used to estimate the prognostic significance of the miRNAs for Overall Survival, and survival curves were compared through the log-rank test. RESULTS STK11 was under-expressed, and its promoter region was demethylated or partially methylated. miR-17-5p, miR-106a-5p, miR-100-3p, and miR-100-5p could be negative regulators of STK11. Our experimental data suggested evidence that miR-100-3p and -5p were over-expressed in analyzed tumor patient samples. Luciferase gene reporter assay experiments showed that miR-100-3p targets and down-regulates STK11 mRNA directly. With respect to overall survival, STK11 expression level was significant for predicting clinical outcomes. CONCLUSION This is, to our knowledge, the first report of miR-100-3p targeting STK11 in HNC. Together, these findings may support the importance of regulation of STK11 through post-transcriptional regulation in HNC and the possible contribution to the carcinogenesis process in this neoplasia.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Gabriela Figueroa-González
- Unidad Multidisciplinaria de Investigación Experimental Zaragoza (UMIEZ), Facultad de Estudios Superiores Zaragoza, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico City 09230, Mexico;
- Unidad de Investigación Biomédica en Cáncer, Laboratorio de Genómica, Instituto Nacional de Cancerología, Mexico City 14080, Mexico; (J.F.C.-H.); (I.P.-R.); (D.C.d.L.); (A.D.C.-P.); (A.D.M.-G.); (J.C.-H.)
| | - José F. Carrillo-Hernández
- Unidad de Investigación Biomédica en Cáncer, Laboratorio de Genómica, Instituto Nacional de Cancerología, Mexico City 14080, Mexico; (J.F.C.-H.); (I.P.-R.); (D.C.d.L.); (A.D.C.-P.); (A.D.M.-G.); (J.C.-H.)
| | - Itzel Perez-Rodriguez
- Unidad de Investigación Biomédica en Cáncer, Laboratorio de Genómica, Instituto Nacional de Cancerología, Mexico City 14080, Mexico; (J.F.C.-H.); (I.P.-R.); (D.C.d.L.); (A.D.C.-P.); (A.D.M.-G.); (J.C.-H.)
| | - David Cantú de León
- Unidad de Investigación Biomédica en Cáncer, Laboratorio de Genómica, Instituto Nacional de Cancerología, Mexico City 14080, Mexico; (J.F.C.-H.); (I.P.-R.); (D.C.d.L.); (A.D.C.-P.); (A.D.M.-G.); (J.C.-H.)
| | - Alma D. Campos-Parra
- Unidad de Investigación Biomédica en Cáncer, Laboratorio de Genómica, Instituto Nacional de Cancerología, Mexico City 14080, Mexico; (J.F.C.-H.); (I.P.-R.); (D.C.d.L.); (A.D.C.-P.); (A.D.M.-G.); (J.C.-H.)
| | - Antonio D. Martínez-Gutiérrez
- Unidad de Investigación Biomédica en Cáncer, Laboratorio de Genómica, Instituto Nacional de Cancerología, Mexico City 14080, Mexico; (J.F.C.-H.); (I.P.-R.); (D.C.d.L.); (A.D.C.-P.); (A.D.M.-G.); (J.C.-H.)
| | - Jossimar Coronel-Hernández
- Unidad de Investigación Biomédica en Cáncer, Laboratorio de Genómica, Instituto Nacional de Cancerología, Mexico City 14080, Mexico; (J.F.C.-H.); (I.P.-R.); (D.C.d.L.); (A.D.C.-P.); (A.D.M.-G.); (J.C.-H.)
| | - Verónica García-Castillo
- Unidad de Investigación Biomédica en Cáncer, Laboratorio de Genómica del Cáncer, Facultad de Estudios Superiores Iztacala, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Tlalnepantla 54090, Edo.Mex, Mexico;
| | - César López-Camarillo
- Posgrado en Ciencias Genómicas, Universidad Autónoma de la Ciudad de México, Mexico City 09790, Mexico;
| | - Oscar Peralta-Zaragoza
- Dirección de Infecciones Crónicas y Cáncer, Centro de Investigación Sobre Enfermedades Infecciosas, Instituto Nacional de Salud Pública, Cuernavaca 62100, Morelos, Mexico;
| | - Nadia J. Jacobo-Herrera
- Unidad de Bioquímica, Instituto Nacional de Nutrición y Ciencias Médicas, Salvador Zubirán, Mexico City 14000, Mexico;
| | - Mariano Guardado-Estrada
- Laboratorio de Genética, Licenciatura en Ciencia Forense, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico City 04360, Mexico;
| | - Carlos Pérez-Plasencia
- Unidad de Investigación Biomédica en Cáncer, Laboratorio de Genómica, Instituto Nacional de Cancerología, Mexico City 14080, Mexico; (J.F.C.-H.); (I.P.-R.); (D.C.d.L.); (A.D.C.-P.); (A.D.M.-G.); (J.C.-H.)
- Unidad de Investigación Biomédica en Cáncer, Laboratorio de Genómica del Cáncer, Facultad de Estudios Superiores Iztacala, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Tlalnepantla 54090, Edo.Mex, Mexico;
| |
Collapse
|
34
|
Liu M, Liu W, Qin Y, Xu X, Yu X, Zhuo Q, Ji S. Regulation of metabolic reprogramming by tumor suppressor genes in pancreatic cancer. Exp Hematol Oncol 2020. [DOI: 10.1186/s40164-020-00179-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Background
Pancreatic cancer continues to be one of the most aggressive malignant tumors. Work in recent years in cancer molecular biology has revealed that metabolic reprogramming is an additional hallmark of cancer that is involved in the pathogenesis of cancers, and is intricately linked to gene mutations.
Main text
However, though oncogenes such as KRAS and c-Myc play important roles in the process, and have been extensively studied, no substantial improvements in the prognosis of pancreatic cancer have seen. Therefore, some scientists have tried to explain the mechanisms of abnormal cancer metabolism from the perspective of tumor suppressor genes. In this paper, we reviewed researches about how metabolic reprogramming was regulated by tumor suppressor genes in pancreatic cancer and their clinical implications.
Conclusion
Abnormal metabolism and genetic mutations are mutually causal and complementary in tumor initiation and development. A clear understanding of how metabolic reprogramming is regulated by the mutated genes would provide important insights into the pathogenesis and ultimately treatment of pancreatic cancer.
Collapse
|
35
|
Gentiluomo M, Canzian F, Nicolini A, Gemignani F, Landi S, Campa D. Germline genetic variability in pancreatic cancer risk and prognosis. Semin Cancer Biol 2020; 79:105-131. [DOI: 10.1016/j.semcancer.2020.08.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2020] [Revised: 08/04/2020] [Accepted: 08/06/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
|
36
|
Gill CM, Loewenstern J, Rutland JW, Arib H, Pain M, Umphlett M, Kinoshita Y, McBride RB, Bederson J, Donovan M, Sebra R, Fowkes M, Shrivastava RK. STK11 mutation status is associated with decreased survival in meningiomas. Neurol Sci 2020; 41:2585-2589. [PMID: 32253637 DOI: 10.1007/s10072-020-04372-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2019] [Accepted: 03/24/2020] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Emerging evidence suggests that STK11 mutations may influence clinical outcome and response to immunotherapy in cancer. MATERIALS AND METHODS Next-generation targeted sequencing of STK11 mutation status in a large cohort of 188 meningiomas. RESULTS STK11 loss-of-function mutations were identified in 3.7% of meningiomas. STK11 mutations were found in both low- and high-grade lesions and samples from primary and recurrent disease. There was a 2.8-fold increased risk of death for patients whose meningioma harbored an STK11 mutation, after controlling for lesion grade and occurrence status. The median overall survival for patients with STK11-mutated meningiomas was 4.4 years compared with 16.8 years. CONCLUSION These data identify recurrent STK11 mutations in a subset of meningiomas. Genotyping of STK11 is encouraged for meningioma patients undergoing immunotherapy-based therapy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Corey M Gill
- Department of Neurosurgery, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, One Gustave L. Levy Place, New York, NY, 10029, USA.
| | - Joshua Loewenstern
- Department of Neurosurgery, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, One Gustave L. Levy Place, New York, NY, 10029, USA
| | - John W Rutland
- Department of Neurosurgery, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, One Gustave L. Levy Place, New York, NY, 10029, USA
| | - Hanane Arib
- Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Margaret Pain
- Department of Neurosurgery, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, One Gustave L. Levy Place, New York, NY, 10029, USA
| | - Melissa Umphlett
- Department of Pathology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Yayoi Kinoshita
- Department of Pathology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Russell B McBride
- Department of Pathology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA.,The Institute for Translational Epidemiology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Joshua Bederson
- Department of Neurosurgery, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, One Gustave L. Levy Place, New York, NY, 10029, USA
| | - Michael Donovan
- Department of Pathology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Robert Sebra
- Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA.,Sema4, A Mount Sinai Venture, Stamford, CT, USA
| | - Mary Fowkes
- Department of Pathology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Raj K Shrivastava
- Department of Neurosurgery, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, One Gustave L. Levy Place, New York, NY, 10029, USA
| |
Collapse
|
37
|
Thirugnanam K, Ramchandran R. SNRK: a metabolic regulator with multifaceted role in development and disease. VESSEL PLUS 2020; 4:26. [PMID: 32968716 PMCID: PMC7508454] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Sucrose nonfermenting 1-related kinase (SNRK) is a serine/threonine kinase and a member of the adenosine monophosphate (AMP)-activated protein kinase (AMPK) family that is involved in the metabolic regulatory mechanisms in various cell types. SNRK is an important mediator in maintaining cellular metabolic homeostasis. In this review, we discuss the role of SNRK in metabolic tissues where it is expressed, including heart and adipose tissue. We discuss its role in regulating inflammation in these tissues and the pathways associated with regulating inflammation. We also discuss SNRK's role in vascular development and the processes associated with it. Finally, we review SNRK's potential as a target in various metabolic dysfunction-associated diseases such as cardiovascular diseases, diabetes, obesity, and cancer. This comprehensive review on SNRK suggests that it has therapeutic value in the suppression of inflammation in cardiac and adipose tissue.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Karthikeyan Thirugnanam
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Neonatology, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI 53226, USA
| | - Ramani Ramchandran
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Neonatology, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI 53226, USA.,Obstetrics and Gynecology, Medical College of Wisconsin, Developmental Vascular Biology Program, Children’s Research Institute, Milwaukee, WI 53226, USA
| |
Collapse
|
38
|
Gupta M, Iyer R, Fountzilas C. Poly(ADP-Ribose) Polymerase Inhibitors in Pancreatic Cancer: A New Treatment Paradigms and Future Implications. Cancers (Basel) 2019; 11:E1980. [PMID: 31835379 PMCID: PMC6966572 DOI: 10.3390/cancers11121980] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2019] [Revised: 11/30/2019] [Accepted: 12/06/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is an aggressive malignancy. Most of the patients of PDAC present at later stages of disease and have a five-year survival rate of less than 10%. About 5-10% PDAC cases are hereditary in nature and have DNA damage repair (DDR) mutations such as BRCA 1 and 2. Besides having implications on screening and prevention strategies, these mutations can confer sensitivity to platinum-based therapies and determine eligibility for poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase inhibitors (PARPi). In the presence of DDR mutations and PARPi, the cells are unable to utilize the error-free process of homologous recombination repair, leading to accumulation of double stranded DNA breaks and cell death eventually. Various PARPi are in clinical development in PDAC in different subgroup of patients as monotherapies and in combination with other therapeutics. This review would focus on the mechanism of action of PARPi, history of development in PDAC, resistance mechanisms and future directions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Medhavi Gupta
- Department of Medicine, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, NY 14263, USA;
| | - Renuka Iyer
- Department of Medicine/Division of GI Medicine, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, NY 14263, USA;
| | - Christos Fountzilas
- Department of Medicine/Division of GI Medicine, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, NY 14263, USA;
| |
Collapse
|
39
|
Fischer CG, Wood LD. From somatic mutation to early detection: insights from molecular characterization of pancreatic cancer precursor lesions. J Pathol 2019; 246:395-404. [PMID: 30105857 DOI: 10.1002/path.5154] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2018] [Revised: 08/02/2018] [Accepted: 08/09/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Pancreatic cancer arises from noninvasive precursor lesions, including pancreatic intraepithelial neoplasia (PanIN), intraductal papillary mucinous neoplasm (IPMN), and mucinous cystic neoplasm (MCN), which are curable if detected early enough. Recently, these types of precursor lesions have been extensively characterized at the molecular level, defining the timing of critical genetic alterations in tumorigenesis pathways. The results of these studies deepen our understanding of tumorigenesis in the pancreas, providing novel insights into tumor initiation and progression. Perhaps more importantly, they also provide a rational foundation for early detection approaches that could allow clinical intervention prior to malignant transformation. In this review, we summarize the results of comprehensive molecular characterization of PanINs, IPMNs, and MCNs and discuss the implications for cancer biology as well as early detection. Copyright © 2018 Pathological Society of Great Britain and Ireland. Published by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Catherine G Fischer
- Department of Pathology, Sol Goldman Pancreatic Cancer Research Center, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Laura D Wood
- Department of Pathology, Sol Goldman Pancreatic Cancer Research Center, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA.,Department of Oncology, Sol Goldman Pancreatic Cancer Research Center, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| |
Collapse
|
40
|
Piccinin C, Panchal S, Watkins N, Kim RH. An update on genetic risk assessment and prevention: the role of genetic testing panels in breast cancer. Expert Rev Anticancer Ther 2019; 19:787-801. [PMID: 31469018 DOI: 10.1080/14737140.2019.1659730] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Introduction: In the past 5 years, multi-gene panels have replaced the practice of BRCA1 and BRCA2 genetic testing in cases of suspected inherited breast cancer susceptibility. A variety of genes have been included on these panels without certainty of their clinical utility. Pertinent current and historical literature was reviewed to provide an up-to-date snapshot of the changing landscape of the use of gene panel tests in the context of breast cancer. Areas covered: Following a recent review of the evidence, 10 genes have been found to have definitive evidence of increased breast cancer risk with variable penetrance. Here, we review the recent changes to the practice of multi-gene panel use in breast cancer diagnoses, including an update on next generation sequencing, alternative models of genetic testing, considerations when ordering these panel tests, and recommendations for management in identified carriers for a variety of genes. A comparison of screening recommendations and carrier frequencies from recent studies is also explored. Lastly, we consider what the future of hereditary oncologic genetic testing holds. Expert opinion: The transition to multi-gene panels in breast cancer patients has improved the likelihood of capturing a rare variant in a well-established gene associated with hereditary breast cancer (e.g. BRCA1 and BRCA2, TP53). There is also an increase in the likelihood of uncovering an uncertain result. This could be in the form of a variant of uncertain significance, or a pathogenic variant in a gene with questionable breast cancer risk-association. Concurrently, a changing landscape of who orders genetic tests will improve access to genetic testing. This pervasiveness of genetic testing must be accompanied with increased genetic literacy in all health-care providers, and access to support from genetics professionals for management of patients and at-risk family members.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Carolyn Piccinin
- Familial Breast Cancer Clinic, Mount Sinai Hospital , Toronto , ON , Canada
| | - Seema Panchal
- Familial Breast Cancer Clinic, Mount Sinai Hospital , Toronto , ON , Canada
| | - Nicholas Watkins
- Department of Molecular Genetics, University of Toronto , Toronto , Canada.,Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Mount Sinai Hospital , Toronto , Canada
| | - Raymond H Kim
- Familial Cancer Clinic, Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, Department of Medicine, University of Toronto , Toronto , Canada
| |
Collapse
|
41
|
Schwartz M, Korenbaum C, Benfoda M, Mary M, Colas C, Coulet F, Parrin M, Jonveaux P, Ingster O, Granier S, De Mestier L, Cros J, Riffault A, Muller M, Levy P, Rebours V, Greenhalf W, Soufir N, Hammel P. Familial pancreatic adenocarcinoma: A retrospective analysis of germline genetic testing in a French multicentre cohort. Clin Genet 2019; 96:579-584. [DOI: 10.1111/cge.13629] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2019] [Revised: 08/13/2019] [Accepted: 08/18/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Mathias Schwartz
- Service d'Oncologie DigestiveHôpital Beaujon (AP‐HP – Faculté Paris VII Denis Diderot) Clichy France
- Service de GénétiqueHôpital Bichat (AP‐HP) Paris France
| | - Clement Korenbaum
- Service d'Oncologie DigestiveHôpital Beaujon (AP‐HP – Faculté Paris VII Denis Diderot) Clichy France
| | | | - Mickael Mary
- Service de GénétiqueHôpital Bichat (AP‐HP) Paris France
| | - Chrystelle Colas
- Service de GénétiqueHôpital de la Pitié‐Salpétrière (AP‐HP) Paris France
- Service de Génétique, Institut Curie Paris France
| | - Florence Coulet
- Service de GénétiqueHôpital de la Pitié‐Salpétrière (AP‐HP) Paris France
| | - Melissa Parrin
- Service d'Oncologie DigestiveHôpital Beaujon (AP‐HP – Faculté Paris VII Denis Diderot) Clichy France
- Service de GénétiqueHôpital Bichat (AP‐HP) Paris France
| | | | | | - Sandra Granier
- Service d'Oncologie DigestiveHôpital Beaujon (AP‐HP – Faculté Paris VII Denis Diderot) Clichy France
| | - Louis De Mestier
- Service de Gastroentérologie‐Pancréatologie, Hôpital Beaujon Clichy France
| | - Jerome Cros
- Service de Pathologie, Hôpital Beaujon hôpital Beaujon Clichy France
| | | | - Marie Muller
- Service de GénétiqueHôpital Bichat (AP‐HP) Paris France
| | - Philippe Levy
- Service de Gastroentérologie‐Pancréatologie, Hôpital Beaujon Clichy France
| | - Vinciane Rebours
- Service de Gastroentérologie‐Pancréatologie, Hôpital Beaujon Clichy France
| | - William Greenhalf
- Molecular and Clinical Cancer MedicineUniversity of Liverpool Liverpool UK
| | - Nadem Soufir
- Service de GénétiqueHôpital Bichat (AP‐HP) Paris France
| | - Pascal Hammel
- Service d'Oncologie DigestiveHôpital Beaujon (AP‐HP – Faculté Paris VII Denis Diderot) Clichy France
| |
Collapse
|
42
|
Xu X, Qian D, Liu H, Cruz D, Luo S, Walsh KM, Abbruzzese JL, Zhang X, Wei Q. Genetic variants in the liver kinase B1-AMP-activated protein kinase pathway genes and pancreatic cancer risk. Mol Carcinog 2019; 58:1338-1348. [PMID: 30997723 PMCID: PMC6602843 DOI: 10.1002/mc.23018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2018] [Revised: 03/11/2019] [Accepted: 03/29/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
The liver kinase B1-AMP-activated protein kinase (LKB1-AMPK) pathway has been identified as a new target for cancer therapy, because it controls the glucose and lipid metabolism in response to alterations in nutrients and intracellular energy levels. In the present study, we aimed to identify genetic variants of the LKB1-AMPK pathway genes and their associations with pancreatic cancer (PanC) risk using 15 418 participants of European ancestry from two previously published PanC genome-wide association studies. We found that six novel tagging single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) (i.e, MAP2 rs35075084 T > deletion, PRKAG2 rs2727572 C > T and rs34852782 A > deletion, TP53 rs9895829 A > G, and RPTOR rs62068300 G > A and rs3751936 G > C) were significantly associated with an increased PanC risk. The multivariate logistic regression model incorporating the number of unfavorable genotypes (NUGs) with adjustment for age and sex showed that carriers with five to six NUGs had an increased PanC risk (odds ratio = 1.24, 95% confidence interval = 1.16-1.32 and P < 0.0001), compared to those with zero to four NUGs. Subsequent expression quantitative trait loci (eQTL) analysis further revealed that these SNPs were associated with significantly altered mRNA expression levels either in 373 normal lymphoblastoid cell lines (TP53 SNP rs9895829, P < 0.05) or in whole blood cells of 369 normal donors from the genotype-tissue expression project (GTEx) database [RPTOR SNP rs60268947 and rs28434589, both in high linkage disequilibrium (r2 > 0.9) withRPTOR rs62068300, P < 0.001]. Collectively, our findings suggest that these novel SNPs in the LKB1-AMPK pathway genes may modify susceptibility to PanC, possibly by influencing gene expression.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xinyuan Xu
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an, Shaanxi, China
- Duke Cancer Institute, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC 27710, USA
- Department of Population Health Sciences, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC 27710, USA
| | - Danwen Qian
- Duke Cancer Institute, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC 27710, USA
- Department of Population Health Sciences, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC 27710, USA
| | - Hongliang Liu
- Duke Cancer Institute, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC 27710, USA
- Department of Population Health Sciences, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC 27710, USA
| | - Diana Cruz
- Duke Cancer Institute, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC 27710, USA
| | - Sheng Luo
- Department of Biostatistics and Bioinformatics, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC 27710, USA
| | - Kyle M. Walsh
- Duke Cancer Institute, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC 27710, USA
- Department of Neurosurgery, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC 27710, USA
| | - James L. Abbruzzese
- Duke Cancer Institute, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC 27710, USA
- Department of Medicine, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC 27710, USA
| | - Xuefeng Zhang
- Duke Cancer Institute, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC 27710, USA
- Department of Pathology, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC 27710, USA
| | - Qingyi Wei
- Duke Cancer Institute, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC 27710, USA
- Department of Population Health Sciences, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC 27710, USA
- Department of Medicine, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC 27710, USA
| |
Collapse
|
43
|
Li BR, Sun T, Jiang YL, Ning SB. Pathogenesis, diagnosis, and treatment of Peutz-Jeghers syndrome. Shijie Huaren Xiaohua Zazhi 2019; 27:576-582. [DOI: 10.11569/wcjd.v27.i9.576] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Peutz-Jeghers syndrome (PJS), an autosomal dominant inherited disease, is caused by germinal mutations of the STK11. It is characterized by gastrointestinal hamartomas, mucocutaneous pigmentation and increased cancer risk. Germline mutations in STK11 cause a harmful effect on cell apoptosis, G1 arrest, and cell polarization, which leads to polyp formation and cancer occurrence. Balloon-assisted enteroscopy is widely used in removal of PJS polyps in the small bowel and it is proved to be safe and effective. We suggest to screen polyps and cancer in PJS patients, which seems to benefit these patients in the long run.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Bai-Rong Li
- Department of Gastroenterology, Chinese People's Liberation Army Air Force Characteristic Medical Center, Beijing 100142, China
| | - Tao Sun
- Department of Gastroenterology, Chinese People's Liberation Army Air Force Characteristic Medical Center, Beijing 100142, China
| | - Yu-Liang Jiang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Chinese People's Liberation Army Air Force Characteristic Medical Center, Beijing 100142, China
| | - Shou-Bin Ning
- Department of Gastroenterology, Chinese People's Liberation Army Air Force Characteristic Medical Center, Beijing 100142, China
| |
Collapse
|
44
|
Daniell J, Plazzer JP, Perera A, Macrae F. An exploration of genotype-phenotype link between Peutz-Jeghers syndrome and STK11: a review. Fam Cancer 2019; 17:421-427. [PMID: 28900777 DOI: 10.1007/s10689-017-0037-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Peutz-Jeghers Syndrome (PJS) is an autosomal dominant hereditary polyposis syndrome. Clinical features include hamartomatous polyps, mucocutaneous pigmentation and an increased predisposition towards developing malignancy. Variants in STK11, a tumour suppressor gene, located on Chromosome 19, predispose to PJS. Peutz-Jeghers Syndrome is associated with increased rates of malignancy, particularly gastrointestinal. However, PJS is also associated with increased gynaecological, testicular and thyroid papillary malignancy. Truncating variants in STK11 are thought to predispose to a more severe phenotype. Phenotype severity is based on earlier onset of gastrointestinal pathology arising from the polyps, such as intussusception or earlier onset malignancy. Missense variants are generally considered less severe than truncating variants. There remain a large number of variants of undetermined significance. Studies have attempted to correlate the location of variants with impact on protein structure and overall severity of the PJS phenotype. The results from these cohort studies have consistently found a non-random distribution of variants. Nevertheless, a consensus on phenotype severity based on variant location is yet to be established. A centralised database that collates all known variants would facilitate the interpretation of these variants, best under the governance of an international disease-specific organisation (InSiGHT). In particular, it could help explore the significance of variants based on their type or location. Understanding the genotype-phenotype link between STK11 variants and PJS could allow more personalised care for PJS patients and their families via appropriate risk stratification and personalised and targeted cancer screening.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Finlay Macrae
- The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia.,The Royal Melbourne Hospital, Melbourne, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
45
|
Riva G, Pea A, Pilati C, Fiadone G, Lawlor RT, Scarpa A, Luchini C. Histo-molecular oncogenesis of pancreatic cancer: From precancerous lesions to invasive ductal adenocarcinoma. World J Gastrointest Oncol 2018; 10:317-327. [PMID: 30364837 PMCID: PMC6198304 DOI: 10.4251/wjgo.v10.i10.317] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2018] [Revised: 08/06/2018] [Accepted: 08/13/2018] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Pancreatic cancer is a lethal malignancy, whose precursor lesions are pancreatic intraepithelial neoplasm, intraductal papillary mucinous neoplasm, intraductal tubulopapillary neoplasm, and mucinous cystic neoplasm. To better understand the biology of pancreatic cancer, it is fundamental to know its precursors and to study the mechanisms of carcinogenesis. Each of these precursors displays peculiar histological features, as well as specific molecular alterations. Starting from such pre-invasive lesions, this review aims at summarizing the most important aspects of carcinogenesis of pancreatic cancer, with a specific focus on the recent advances and the future perspectives of the research on this lethal tumor type.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Giulio Riva
- Department of Diagnostics and Public Health, Section of Pathology, University and Hospital Trust of Verona, Verona 37134, Italy
| | - Antonio Pea
- Department of Surgery, University and Hospital trust of Verona, Verona 37134, Italy
| | - Camilla Pilati
- Personalized Medicine, Pharmacogenomics, Therapeutic Optimization, Paris-Descartes University, Paris 75006, France
| | - Giulia Fiadone
- Department of Diagnostics and Public Health, Section of Pathology, University and Hospital Trust of Verona, Verona 37134, Italy
| | - Rita Teresa Lawlor
- ARC-Net Research Center, University and Hospital Trust of Verona, Verona 37134, Italy
| | - Aldo Scarpa
- Department of Diagnostics and Public Health, Section of Pathology, University and Hospital Trust of Verona, Verona 37134, Italy
| | - Claudio Luchini
- Department of Diagnostics and Public Health, Section of Pathology, University and Hospital Trust of Verona, Verona 37134, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
46
|
Bannon SA, Montiel MF, Goldstein JB, Dong W, Mork ME, Borras E, Hasanov M, Varadhachary GR, Maitra A, Katz MH, Feng L, Futreal A, Fogelman DR, Vilar E, McAllister F. High Prevalence of Hereditary Cancer Syndromes and Outcomes in Adults with Early-Onset Pancreatic Cancer. Cancer Prev Res (Phila) 2018; 11:679-686. [PMID: 30274973 DOI: 10.1158/1940-6207.capr-18-0014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2018] [Revised: 05/10/2018] [Accepted: 09/24/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Introduction: We aimed to determine the prevalence and landscape of germline mutations among patients with young-onset pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) as well as their influence in prognosis.Methods: Patients from two cohorts were studied, the high-risk cohort (HRC), which included 584 PDAC patients who received genetic counseling at The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, and a general cohort (GC) with 233 metastatic PDAC patients. We defined germline DNA sequencing on 13 known pancreatic cancer susceptibility genes. The prevalence and landscape of mutations were determined, and clinical characteristics including survival were analyzed.Results: A total of 409 patients underwent genetic testing (277 from HRC and 132 from GC). As expected, the HRC had higher prevalence of germline mutations compared with the GC: 17.3% versus 6.81%. The most common mutations in both cohorts were in BRCA1/2 and mismatch-repair (MMR) genes. Patients younger than 60 years old had significantly higher prevalence of germline mutations in both the HRC [odds ratios (OR), 1.93 ± 1.03-3.70, P = 0.039] and GC (4.78 ± 1.10-32.95, P = 0.036). Furthermore, PDAC patients with germline mutations in the GC had better overall survival than patients without mutations (HR, 0.44; 95% CI of HR, 0.25-0.76, P = 0.030).Discussion: Germline mutations are highly prevalent in patients with PDAC of early onset and can be predictive of better outcomes. Considering emerging screening strategies for relatives carrying susceptibility genes as well as impact on therapy choices, genetic counseling and testing should be encouraged in PDAC patients, particularly those of young onset. Cancer Prev Res; 11(11); 679-86. ©2018 AACR.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sarah A Bannon
- Clinical Cancer Genetics Program, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Maria F Montiel
- Department of Clinical Cancer Prevention, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Jennifer B Goldstein
- Department of GI Medical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Wenli Dong
- Department of Biostatistics, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Maureen E Mork
- Clinical Cancer Genetics Program, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Ester Borras
- Department of Clinical Cancer Prevention, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Merve Hasanov
- Internal Medicine Department, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, Texas
| | - Gauri R Varadhachary
- Department of GI Medical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Anirban Maitra
- Department of Pathology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Matthew H Katz
- Department of Surgical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Lei Feng
- Department of Biostatistics, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Andrew Futreal
- Department of Genomic Medicine, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - David R Fogelman
- Department of GI Medical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Eduardo Vilar
- Clinical Cancer Genetics Program, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas.,Department of Clinical Cancer Prevention, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas.,Department of GI Medical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Florencia McAllister
- Clinical Cancer Genetics Program, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas. .,Department of Clinical Cancer Prevention, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas.,Department of GI Medical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| |
Collapse
|
47
|
Yu X, Ma R, Wu Y, Zhai Y, Li S. Reciprocal Regulation of Metabolic Reprogramming and Epigenetic Modifications in Cancer. Front Genet 2018; 9:394. [PMID: 30283496 PMCID: PMC6156463 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2018.00394] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2018] [Accepted: 08/29/2018] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Cancer cells reprogram their metabolism to meet their demands for survival and proliferation. The metabolic plasticity of tumor cells help them adjust to changes in the availability and utilization of nutrients in the microenvironment. Recent studies revealed that many metabolites and metabolic enzymes have non-metabolic functions contributing to tumorigenesis. One major function is regulating epigenetic modifications to facilitate appropriate responses to environmental cues. Accumulating evidence showed that epigenetic modifications could in turn alter metabolism in tumors. Although a comprehensive understanding of the reciprocal connection between metabolic and epigenetic rewiring in cancer is lacking, some conceptual advances have been made. Understanding the link between metabolism and epigenetic modifications in cancer cells will shed lights on the development of more effective cancer therapies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xilan Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Biocatalysis and Enzyme Engineering, Hubei Key Laboratory of Industrial Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences, Hubei University, Wuhan, China
| | - Rui Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Biocatalysis and Enzyme Engineering, Hubei Key Laboratory of Industrial Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences, Hubei University, Wuhan, China
| | - Yinsheng Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Biocatalysis and Enzyme Engineering, Hubei Key Laboratory of Industrial Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences, Hubei University, Wuhan, China
| | - Yansheng Zhai
- State Key Laboratory of Biocatalysis and Enzyme Engineering, Hubei Key Laboratory of Industrial Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences, Hubei University, Wuhan, China
| | - Shanshan Li
- State Key Laboratory of Biocatalysis and Enzyme Engineering, Hubei Key Laboratory of Industrial Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences, Hubei University, Wuhan, China
| |
Collapse
|
48
|
Zhan W, Shelton CA, Greer PJ, Brand RE, Whitcomb DC. Germline Variants and Risk for Pancreatic Cancer: A Systematic Review and Emerging Concepts. Pancreas 2018; 47:924-936. [PMID: 30113427 PMCID: PMC6097243 DOI: 10.1097/mpa.0000000000001136] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Pancreatic cancer requires many genetic mutations. Combinations of underlying germline variants and environmental factors may increase the risk of cancer and accelerate the oncogenic process. We systematically reviewed, annotated, and classified previously reported pancreatic cancer-associated germline variants in established risk genes. Variants were scored using multiple criteria and binned by evidence for pathogenicity, then annotated with published functional studies and associated biological systems/pathways. Twenty-two previously identified pancreatic cancer risk genes and 337 germline variants were identified from 97 informative studies that met our inclusion criteria. Fifteen of these genes contained 66 variants predicted to be pathogenic (APC, ATM, BRCA1, BRCA2, CDKN2A, CFTR, CHEK2, MLH1, MSH2, NBN, PALB2, PALLD, PRSS1, SPINK1, TP53). Pancreatic cancer risk genes were organized into key biological mechanisms that promote pancreatic oncogenesis within an oncogenic model. Development of precision medicine approaches requires updated variant information within the framework of an oncogenic progression model. Complex risk modeling may improve interpretation of early biomarkers and guide pathway-specific treatment for pancreatic cancer in the future. Precision medicine is within reach.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wei Zhan
- School of Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
- Department of Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, University of Pittsburgh, and University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, PA
| | - Celeste A. Shelton
- Department of Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, University of Pittsburgh, and University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, PA
- Department of Human Genetics, Graduate School of Public Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA
| | - Phil J. Greer
- Department of Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, University of Pittsburgh, and University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, PA
| | - Randall E. Brand
- Department of Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, University of Pittsburgh, and University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, PA
- Department of Human Genetics, Graduate School of Public Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA
| | - David C. Whitcomb
- Department of Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, University of Pittsburgh, and University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, PA
- Department of Human Genetics, Graduate School of Public Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA
| |
Collapse
|
49
|
Yoshikawa T, Abe T, Amano H, Hanada K, Minami T, Kobayashi T, Yonehara S, Nakahara M, Ohdan H, Noriyuki T. Metachronous triple cancer associated with Peutz-Jeghers syndrome treated with curative surgery: a case report. Surg Case Rep 2018; 4:84. [PMID: 30069736 PMCID: PMC6070452 DOI: 10.1186/s40792-018-0492-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2018] [Accepted: 07/23/2018] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Peutz–Jeghers syndrome (PJS) is an autosomal dominant disorder characterized by mucocutaneous pigmentation and hamartomatous gastrointestinal polyposis. It is well known that individuals with PJS are at an increased risk of cancer in a variety of organs. Case presentation Here, we present a patient with PJS who achieved long-term survival by undergoing repeat curative surgery for metachronous triple cancer. Her medical history included hilar cholangiocarcinoma and cervical carcinoma; curative surgery was performed for both conditions. On annual follow-up, the level of carcinoembryonic antigen was elevated at 6.9 ng/ml. Enhanced computed tomography revealed a cystic tumor consisting of mural nodules at the pancreatic head; the maximal diameter was 15 mm. Magnetic resonance imaging clearly demonstrated the tumor with low intensity on T1-weighted images and high intensity on T2-weighted images. Endoscopic ultrasound sonography showed a high echoic tumor at the pancreatic head, which was confirmed as adenocarcinoma by fine-needle aspiration biopsy. The preoperative diagnosis was intraductal papillary mucinous carcinoma (IPMC; T1N0M0, stage IA). Subtotal stomach-preserving pancreaticoduodenectomy was performed and the final diagnosis was IPMC, stage 0 (TisN0M0). Conclusions Aggressive surgery for metachronous triple cancer resulted in good long-term prognosis. Continuous and systematic follow-up would allow the detection of malignancy at an early stage and make treatment with curative surgery possible.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Toru Yoshikawa
- Department of Surgery, Onomichi General Hospital, 1-10-23, Onomichi, Hiroshima, 722-8508, Japan
| | - Tomoyuki Abe
- Department of Surgery, Onomichi General Hospital, 1-10-23, Onomichi, Hiroshima, 722-8508, Japan.
| | - Hironobu Amano
- Department of Surgery, Onomichi General Hospital, 1-10-23, Onomichi, Hiroshima, 722-8508, Japan.,Department of Gastroenterological and Transplant Surgery, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Keiji Hanada
- Department of Gastroenterology, Onomichi General Hospital, Onomichi, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Tomoyuki Minami
- Department of Gastroenterology, Onomichi General Hospital, Onomichi, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Tsuyoshi Kobayashi
- Department of Gastroenterological and Transplant Surgery, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Shuji Yonehara
- Department of Pathology, Onomichi General Hospital, Onomichi, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Masahiro Nakahara
- Department of Surgery, Onomichi General Hospital, 1-10-23, Onomichi, Hiroshima, 722-8508, Japan
| | - Hideki Ohdan
- Department of Gastroenterological and Transplant Surgery, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Toshio Noriyuki
- Department of Surgery, Onomichi General Hospital, 1-10-23, Onomichi, Hiroshima, 722-8508, Japan.,Department of Gastroenterological and Transplant Surgery, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
50
|
Li Y, Hu S, Wang J, Chen S, Jia X, Lai S. Molecular cloning, polymorphism, and expression analysis of the LKB1/STK11 gene and its association with non-specific digestive disorder in rabbits. Mol Cell Biochem 2018; 449:127-136. [PMID: 29637416 DOI: 10.1007/s11010-018-3349-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2017] [Accepted: 04/05/2018] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
Liver kinase B1 (LKB1, also called STK11) encodes a serine/threonine kinase mutated in Peutz-Jeghers cancer syndrome characterized by gastrointestinal polyposis. Although LKB1 plays an important role in regulating energy homeostasis, cell growth, and metabolism via activation of adenosine monophosphate (AMP)-activated protein kinase (AMPK), nothing is known about its molecular characteristics and possible involvement in non-specific digestive disorder (NSDD) of rabbits. In the present study, we first cloned the coding sequence (CDS) of rabbit LKB1, which consisted of 1317 bp encoding 438 amino acids (AAs) and contained a highly conserved S_TKc kinase domain. Its deduced AA sequence showed 87.93-91.10% similarities with that of other species. In order to determine its involvement in NSDD, a NSDD rabbit model was built by a dietary fiber deficiency. The polymorphic site of LKB1 was then investigated in both healthy and NSDD groups using directing sequencing. Our results suggested that a synonymous variant site (840 c. G > C, CCC→CCG) existed in its S_TKc domain, which was associated with susceptibility to NSDD. Furthermore, qPCR was utilized to examine the mRNA levels of LKB1 and its downstream targets (i.e., PRKAA2, mTOR and NF-kβ) in several intestinal-related tissues from both healthy and NSDD groups. Significant changes in their expression levels between two groups indicated that impaired LKB1 signaling contributed to the intestinal abnormality in NSDD rabbits. Taken together, it could be concluded that LKB1 might be a potential candidate gene affecting the occurrence of rabbit NSDD. This information may serve as a basis for further investigations on rabbit digestive diseases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yanhong Li
- Institute of Animal Genetics and Breeding, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu Campus, Huimin Road #211, Wenjiang, 611130, Sichuan, China
| | - Shenqiang Hu
- Institute of Animal Genetics and Breeding, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu Campus, Huimin Road #211, Wenjiang, 611130, Sichuan, China
| | - Jie Wang
- Institute of Animal Genetics and Breeding, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu Campus, Huimin Road #211, Wenjiang, 611130, Sichuan, China
| | - Shiyi Chen
- Institute of Animal Genetics and Breeding, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu Campus, Huimin Road #211, Wenjiang, 611130, Sichuan, China
| | - Xianbo Jia
- Institute of Animal Genetics and Breeding, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu Campus, Huimin Road #211, Wenjiang, 611130, Sichuan, China
| | - Songjia Lai
- Institute of Animal Genetics and Breeding, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu Campus, Huimin Road #211, Wenjiang, 611130, Sichuan, China.
| |
Collapse
|