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Gao Y, Ang YS, Yung LYL. One-Pot Detection of Proteins Using a Two-Way Extension-Based Assay with Cas12a. ACS Sens 2024; 9:3928-3937. [PMID: 39078660 DOI: 10.1021/acssensors.4c00370] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/31/2024]
Abstract
Protein biomarkers are an important class of biomarkers in disease diagnosis and are traditionally detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and mass spectrometry, which involve multiple steps and a complex workflow. In recent years, many CRISPR-Cas12a-based methods for protein detection have been developed; however, most of them have not overcome the workflow complications observed in traditional assays, limiting their applicability in point-of-care testing. In this work, we designed a single-step, one-pot, and proximity-based isothermal immunoassay integrating CRISPR Cas12a for homogeneous protein target detection with a simplified workflow and high sensitivity. Probes consisting of different binders (small molecule, aptamer, and antibody) conjugated with oligonucleotides undergo two-way extension upon binding to the protein targets, leading to downstream DNA amplification by a pair of nicking enzymes and polymerases to generate target sequences for Cas12a signal generation. We used the streptavidin-biotin model to demonstrate the design of our assay and proved that all three elements of protein detection (target protein binding, DNA amplification, and Cas12a signal generation) could coexist in one pot and proceed isothermally in a single buffer system at a low reaction volume of 10 μL. The plug-and-play applicability of our assay has been successfully demonstrated using four different protein targets, streptavidin, PDGF-BB, antidigoxigenin antibody, and IFNγ, with the limit of detection ranging from fM to pM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yahui Gao
- Department of Chemical & Biomolecular Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117585, Singapore
| | - Yan Shan Ang
- Department of Chemical & Biomolecular Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117585, Singapore
| | - Lin-Yue Lanry Yung
- Department of Chemical & Biomolecular Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117585, Singapore
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2
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Affinity of anti-spike antibodies in SARS-CoV-2 patient plasma and its effect on COVID-19 antibody assays. EBioMedicine 2021; 75:103796. [PMID: 34971970 PMCID: PMC8714467 DOI: 10.1016/j.ebiom.2021.103796] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2021] [Revised: 12/15/2021] [Accepted: 12/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Measuring anti-spike protein antibodies in human plasma or serum is commonly used to determine prior exposure to SARS-CoV-2 infection and to assess the anti-viral protection capacity. According to the mass-action law, a lesser concentration of tightly binding antibody can produce the same quantity of antibody-antigen complexes as higher concentrations of lower affinity antibody. Thus, measurements of antibody levels reflect both affinity and concentration. These two fundamental parameters cannot be disentangled in clinical immunoassays, and so produce a bias which depends on the assay format. Methods To determine the apparent affinity of anti-spike protein antibodies, a small number of antigen-coated magnetic microparticles were imaged by fluorescence microscopy after probing antigen-antibody equilibria directly in patient plasma. Direct and indirect anti-SARS-CoV-2 immunoassays were used to measure antibody levels in the blood of infected and immunised individuals. Findings We observed affinity maturation of antibodies in convalescent and vaccinated individuals, showing that higher affinities are achieved much faster by vaccination. We demonstrate that direct and indirect immunoassays for measuring anti-spike protein antibodies depend differently on antibody affinity which, in turn, affects accurate interpretation of the results. Interpretation Direct immunoassays show substantial antibody affinity dependence. This makes them useful for identifying past SARS-CoV-2 exposure. Indirect immunoassays provide more accurate quantifications of anti-viral antibody levels. Funding The authors are all full-time employees of Abbott Laboratories. Abbott Laboratories provided all operating funds. No external funding sources were used in this study.
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Gant Kanegusuku A, Araque KA, Nguyen H, Wei B, Hosseini S, Soldin SJ. The effect of specific binding proteins on immunoassay measurements of total and free thyroid hormones and cortisol. Ther Adv Endocrinol Metab 2021; 12:2042018821989240. [PMID: 33552466 PMCID: PMC7844449 DOI: 10.1177/2042018821989240] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2020] [Accepted: 01/03/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Immunoassay (IA) measurements of thyroid hormones have previously given inaccurate results of triiodothyronine (T3), free triiodothyronine (FT3), and free thyroxine (FT4) when concentrations of TBG are low. We evaluate the hypothesis that abnormal concentrations of specific binding proteins (BPs) affect IA measurements and provide results which might misguide the diagnosis and treatment of patients. This study assesses IAs for the measurement of T3, FT3, and cortisol when levels of TBG and CBG are high or low. Comparisons are made between IA and LC-MS/MS. METHODS Serum or plasma samples with high (>95th percentile, n = 25) or low (<5th percentile, n = 27) concentrations of BP were collected. The concentrations of T3, FT3, and cortisol were measured by validated IA and liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) methods. Spearman correlation and Wilcoxon matched-pairs signed rank analyses were used to compare the two methods. RESULTS When TBG levels are <5th percentile, the differences between the IA and LC-MS/MS results for T3 and FT3 are statistically significant (T3, p = 0.0011; FT3, p = 0.0003). When CBG levels are >95th percentile, the difference between the IA and LC-MS/MS measurements of cortisol is statistically significant (p = <0.0001). CONCLUSION Abnormal BP concentrations appear to affect the accuracy of IA measurements of T3, FT3, and cortisol. The population of patients with either high or low levels of BPs is significant. Our samples reflect that 65% of women aged between 15 and 49 years are taking oral contraceptives in the US, and thus have elevated levels of BPs. In this group, IA results for cortisol are falsely low. Our samples reflect that patients with protein losing diseases have low BP concentrations. Among a group with renal complications, IA measurements of T3 are overestimated, while those of FT3 are underestimated. Are the Food and Drug Administration and diagnostic companies adequately assessing the accuracy of IA tests?
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Affiliation(s)
- Anastasia Gant Kanegusuku
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Clinical Center, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Katherine A. Araque
- Endocrinology Pituitary Institute, Pacific Neuroscience Institute, John Wayne Cancer Institute, Santa Monica, CA, USA
| | - Hung Nguyen
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Clinical Center, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Bin Wei
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Clinical Center, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Saman Hosseini
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Clinical Center, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Steven J. Soldin
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Clinical Center, National Institutes of Health, 10 Center Drive, Building 10, Bethesda, MD 20892–0001, USA
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, Georgetown University, Washington, DC, USA
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Farka Z, Mickert MJ, Pastucha M, Mikušová Z, Skládal P, Gorris HH. Fortschritte in der optischen Einzelmoleküldetektion: Auf dem Weg zu höchstempfindlichen Bioaffinitätsassays. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201913924] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Zdeněk Farka
- CEITEC – Central European Institute of TechnologyMasaryk University 625 00 Brno Czech Republic
| | - Matthias J. Mickert
- Institut für Analytische Chemie, Chemo- und BiosensorikUniversität Regensburg Universitätsstraße 31 93040 Regensburg Deutschland
| | - Matěj Pastucha
- CEITEC – Central European Institute of TechnologyMasaryk University 625 00 Brno Czech Republic
- Department of BiochemistryFaculty of ScienceMasaryk University 625 00 Brno Czech Republic
| | - Zuzana Mikušová
- CEITEC – Central European Institute of TechnologyMasaryk University 625 00 Brno Czech Republic
- Department of BiochemistryFaculty of ScienceMasaryk University 625 00 Brno Czech Republic
| | - Petr Skládal
- CEITEC – Central European Institute of TechnologyMasaryk University 625 00 Brno Czech Republic
- Department of BiochemistryFaculty of ScienceMasaryk University 625 00 Brno Czech Republic
| | - Hans H. Gorris
- Institut für Analytische Chemie, Chemo- und BiosensorikUniversität Regensburg Universitätsstraße 31 93040 Regensburg Deutschland
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5
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Farka Z, Mickert MJ, Pastucha M, Mikušová Z, Skládal P, Gorris HH. Advances in Optical Single-Molecule Detection: En Route to Supersensitive Bioaffinity Assays. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2020; 59:10746-10773. [PMID: 31869502 PMCID: PMC7318240 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201913924] [Citation(s) in RCA: 74] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2019] [Revised: 12/20/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
The ability to detect low concentrations of analytes and in particular low-abundance biomarkers is of fundamental importance, e.g., for early-stage disease diagnosis. The prospect of reaching the ultimate limit of detection has driven the development of single-molecule bioaffinity assays. While many review articles have highlighted the potentials of single-molecule technologies for analytical and diagnostic applications, these technologies are not as widespread in real-world applications as one should expect. This Review provides a theoretical background on single-molecule-or better digital-assays to critically assess their potential compared to traditional analog assays. Selected examples from the literature include bioaffinity assays for the detection of biomolecules such as proteins, nucleic acids, and viruses. The structure of the Review highlights the versatility of optical single-molecule labeling techniques, including enzymatic amplification, molecular labels, and innovative nanomaterials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zdeněk Farka
- CEITEC – Central European Institute of TechnologyMasaryk University625 00BrnoCzech Republic
| | - Matthias J. Mickert
- Institute of Analytical Chemistry, Chemo- and BiosensorsUniversity of RegensburgUniversitätsstraße 3193040RegensburgGermany
| | - Matěj Pastucha
- CEITEC – Central European Institute of TechnologyMasaryk University625 00BrnoCzech Republic
- Department of BiochemistryFaculty of ScienceMasaryk University625 00BrnoCzech Republic
| | - Zuzana Mikušová
- CEITEC – Central European Institute of TechnologyMasaryk University625 00BrnoCzech Republic
- Department of BiochemistryFaculty of ScienceMasaryk University625 00BrnoCzech Republic
| | - Petr Skládal
- CEITEC – Central European Institute of TechnologyMasaryk University625 00BrnoCzech Republic
- Department of BiochemistryFaculty of ScienceMasaryk University625 00BrnoCzech Republic
| | - Hans H. Gorris
- Institute of Analytical Chemistry, Chemo- and BiosensorsUniversity of RegensburgUniversitätsstraße 3193040RegensburgGermany
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Rossetti M, Brannetti S, Mocenigo M, Marini B, Ippodrino R, Porchetta A. Harnessing Effective Molarity to Design an Electrochemical DNA‐based Platform for Clinically Relevant Antibody Detection. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2020; 59:14973-14978. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.202005124] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Marianna Rossetti
- Department of Chemistry University of Rome Tor Vergata Via della Ricerca Scientifica 00133 Rome Italy
| | - Simone Brannetti
- Department of Chemistry University of Rome Tor Vergata Via della Ricerca Scientifica 00133 Rome Italy
| | - Marco Mocenigo
- Ulisse BioMed S.r.l. Area Science Park 34149 Trieste Italy
| | - Bruna Marini
- Ulisse BioMed S.r.l. Area Science Park 34149 Trieste Italy
| | - Rudy Ippodrino
- Ulisse BioMed S.r.l. Area Science Park 34149 Trieste Italy
| | - Alessandro Porchetta
- Department of Chemistry University of Rome Tor Vergata Via della Ricerca Scientifica 00133 Rome Italy
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7
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Rossetti M, Brannetti S, Mocenigo M, Marini B, Ippodrino R, Porchetta A. Harnessing Effective Molarity to Design an Electrochemical DNA‐based Platform for Clinically Relevant Antibody Detection. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202005124] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Marianna Rossetti
- Department of Chemistry University of Rome Tor Vergata Via della Ricerca Scientifica 00133 Rome Italy
| | - Simone Brannetti
- Department of Chemistry University of Rome Tor Vergata Via della Ricerca Scientifica 00133 Rome Italy
| | - Marco Mocenigo
- Ulisse BioMed S.r.l. Area Science Park 34149 Trieste Italy
| | - Bruna Marini
- Ulisse BioMed S.r.l. Area Science Park 34149 Trieste Italy
| | - Rudy Ippodrino
- Ulisse BioMed S.r.l. Area Science Park 34149 Trieste Italy
| | - Alessandro Porchetta
- Department of Chemistry University of Rome Tor Vergata Via della Ricerca Scientifica 00133 Rome Italy
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8
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Samokhvalov AV, Safenkova IV, Eremin SA, Zherdev AV, Dzantiev BB. Measurement of (Aptamer–Small Target) KD Using the Competition between Fluorescently Labeled and Unlabeled Targets and the Detection of Fluorescence Anisotropy. Anal Chem 2018; 90:9189-9198. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.8b01699] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Alexey V. Samokhvalov
- A.N. Bach Institute of Biochemistry, Research Center of Biotechnology of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow 119071, Russia
| | - Irina V. Safenkova
- A.N. Bach Institute of Biochemistry, Research Center of Biotechnology of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow 119071, Russia
| | - Sergei A. Eremin
- Faculty of Chemistry, M.V. Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow 119991, Russia
| | - Anatoly V. Zherdev
- A.N. Bach Institute of Biochemistry, Research Center of Biotechnology of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow 119071, Russia
| | - Boris B. Dzantiev
- A.N. Bach Institute of Biochemistry, Research Center of Biotechnology of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow 119071, Russia
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9
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Van Patten WJ, Walder R, Adhikari A, Okoniewski SR, Ravichandran R, Tinberg CE, Baker D, Perkins TT. Improved Free-Energy Landscape Quantification Illustrated with a Computationally Designed Protein-Ligand Interaction. Chemphyschem 2017; 19:19-23. [PMID: 29069529 DOI: 10.1002/cphc.201701147] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2017] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Quantifying the energy landscape underlying protein-ligand interactions leads to an enhanced understanding of molecular recognition. A powerful yet accessible single-molecule technique is atomic force microscopy (AFM)-based force spectroscopy, which generally yields the zero-force dissociation rate constant (koff ) and the distance to the transition state (Δx≠ ). Here, we introduce an enhanced AFM assay and apply it to probe the computationally designed protein DIG10.3 binding to its target ligand, digoxigenin. Enhanced data quality enabled an analysis that yielded the height of the transition state (ΔG≠ =6.3±0.2 kcal mol-1 ) and the shape of the energy barrier at the transition state (linear-cubic) in addition to the traditional parameters [koff (=4±0.1×10-4 s-1 ) and Δx≠ (=8.3±0.1 Å)]. We expect this automated and relatively rapid assay to provide a more complete energy landscape description of protein-ligand interactions and, more broadly, the diverse systems studied by AFM-based force spectroscopy.
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Affiliation(s)
- William J Van Patten
- JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Colorado, Department of Physics and Department of Molecular, Cellular, and Developmental Biology, University of Colorado, Boulder, 440 UCB, Boulder, CO, 80309-0440, USA
| | - Robert Walder
- JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Colorado, Department of Physics and Department of Molecular, Cellular, and Developmental Biology, University of Colorado, Boulder, 440 UCB, Boulder, CO, 80309-0440, USA
| | - Ayush Adhikari
- JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Colorado, Department of Physics and Department of Molecular, Cellular, and Developmental Biology, University of Colorado, Boulder, 440 UCB, Boulder, CO, 80309-0440, USA
| | - Stephen R Okoniewski
- JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Colorado, Department of Physics and Department of Molecular, Cellular, and Developmental Biology, University of Colorado, Boulder, 440 UCB, Boulder, CO, 80309-0440, USA
| | - Rashmi Ravichandran
- University of Washington, Seattle, Department of Biochemistry, Institute for Protein Design and Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Seattle, Washington, 98195, USA
| | - Christine E Tinberg
- University of Washington, Seattle, Department of Biochemistry, Institute for Protein Design and Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Seattle, Washington, 98195, USA
| | - David Baker
- University of Washington, Seattle, Department of Biochemistry, Institute for Protein Design and Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Seattle, Washington, 98195, USA
| | - Thomas T Perkins
- JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Colorado, Department of Physics and Department of Molecular, Cellular, and Developmental Biology, University of Colorado, Boulder, 440 UCB, Boulder, CO, 80309-0440, USA
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10
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Kong J, Bell NAW, Keyser UF. Quantifying Nanomolar Protein Concentrations Using Designed DNA Carriers and Solid-State Nanopores. NANO LETTERS 2016; 16:3557-62. [PMID: 27121643 PMCID: PMC4901370 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.6b00627] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2016] [Revised: 04/26/2016] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
Designed "DNA carriers" have been proposed as a new method for nanopore based specific protein detection. In this system, target protein molecules bind to a long DNA strand at a defined position creating a second level transient current drop against the background DNA translocation. Here, we demonstrate the ability of this system to quantify protein concentrations in the nanomolar range. After incubation with target protein at different concentrations, the fraction of DNA translocations showing a secondary current spike allows for the quantification of the corresponding protein concentration. For our proof-of-principle experiments we use two standard binding systems, biotin-streptavidin and digoxigenin-antidigoxigenin, that allow for measurements of the concentration down to the low nanomolar range. The results demonstrate the potential for a novel quantitative and specific protein detection scheme using the DNA carrier method.
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11
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Mahshid SS, Camiré S, Ricci F, Vallée-Bélisle A. A Highly Selective Electrochemical DNA-Based Sensor That Employs Steric Hindrance Effects to Detect Proteins Directly in Whole Blood. J Am Chem Soc 2015; 137:15596-9. [DOI: 10.1021/jacs.5b04942] [Citation(s) in RCA: 132] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Sahar Sadat Mahshid
- Laboratory of Biosensors & Nanomachines, Département de Chimie, Université de Montréal, Montréal, Québec H3T 1J4, Canada
| | - Sébastien Camiré
- Laboratory of Biosensors & Nanomachines, Département de Chimie, Université de Montréal, Montréal, Québec H3T 1J4, Canada
| | - Francesco Ricci
- Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie Chimiche, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome 00133, Italy
| | - Alexis Vallée-Bélisle
- Laboratory of Biosensors & Nanomachines, Département de Chimie, Université de Montréal, Montréal, Québec H3T 1J4, Canada
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12
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Goossens K, Prior M, Pacheco V, Willbold D, Müllen K, Enderlein J, Hofkens J, Gregor I. Accurate Diffusion Coefficients of Organosoluble Reference Dyes in Organic Media Measured by Dual-Focus Fluorescence Correlation Spectroscopy. ACS NANO 2015; 9:7360-7373. [PMID: 26144863 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.5b02371] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Dual-focus fluorescence correlation spectroscopy (2fFCS) is a versatile method to determine accurate diffusion coefficients of fluorescent species in an absolute, reference-free manner. Whereas (either classical or dual-focus) FCS has been employed primarily in the life sciences and thus in aqueous environments, it is increasingly being used in materials chemistry, as well. These measurements are often performed in nonaqueous media such as organic solvents. However, the diffusion coefficients of reference dyes in organic solvents are not readily available. For this reason we determined the translational diffusion coefficients of several commercially available organosoluble fluorescent dyes by means of 2fFCS. The selected dyes and organic solvents span the visible spectrum and a broad range of refractive indices, respectively. The diffusion coefficients can be used as absolute reference values for the calibration of experimental FCS setups, allowing quantitative measurements to be performed. We show that reliable information about the hydrodynamic dimensions of the fluorescent species (including noncommercial compounds) within organic media can be extracted from the 2fFCS data.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karel Goossens
- †KU Leuven, Department of Chemistry, Celestijnenlaan 200F (PO Box 2404), 3001 Heverlee, Belgium
- ‡Center for Multidimensional Carbon Materials, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), 101-dong, UNIST-gil 50, Eonyang-eup, Ulju-gun, Ulsan 689-798, Republic of Korea
| | - Mira Prior
- §Georg August University, Third Institute of Physics, Friedrich-Hund-Platz 1, 37077 Göttingen, Germany
| | - Victor Pacheco
- ⊥Research Centre Jülich, Institute of Complex Systems: Structural Biochemistry (ICS-6), Wilhelm-Johnen-Straße, 52425 Jülich, Germany
- ∥Albert Ludwigs University, Institute for Macromolecular Chemistry, Hermann-Staudinger-Haus, Stefan-Meier-Straße 31, 79104 Freiburg, Germany
| | - Dieter Willbold
- ⊥Research Centre Jülich, Institute of Complex Systems: Structural Biochemistry (ICS-6), Wilhelm-Johnen-Straße, 52425 Jülich, Germany
- #Heinrich Heine University, Institute for Physical Biology, Universitätsstraße 1, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Klaus Müllen
- ∇Max Planck Institute for Polymer Research, Ackermannweg 10, 55128 Mainz, Germany
| | - Jörg Enderlein
- §Georg August University, Third Institute of Physics, Friedrich-Hund-Platz 1, 37077 Göttingen, Germany
| | - Johan Hofkens
- †KU Leuven, Department of Chemistry, Celestijnenlaan 200F (PO Box 2404), 3001 Heverlee, Belgium
| | - Ingo Gregor
- §Georg August University, Third Institute of Physics, Friedrich-Hund-Platz 1, 37077 Göttingen, Germany
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13
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Ruan L, Su D, Shao C, Wang J, Dong C, Huang X, Ren J. A sensitive and microscale method for drug screening combining affinity probes and single molecule fluorescence correlation spectroscopy. Analyst 2015; 140:1207-14. [DOI: 10.1039/c4an01816h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
The theoretical model of drug screening method based on competitive reaction and fluorescence correlation spectroscopy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lingao Ruan
- College of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering
- State Key Laboratory of Metal Matrix Composites
- Shanghai Jiaotong University
- Shanghai 200240
- People's Republic of China
| | - Di Su
- College of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering
- State Key Laboratory of Metal Matrix Composites
- Shanghai Jiaotong University
- Shanghai 200240
- People's Republic of China
| | - Chang Shao
- Shanghai Laiyi Center for Biopharmaceutical R&D
- Shanghai 201203
- People's Republic of China
| | - Jinjie Wang
- College of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering
- State Key Laboratory of Metal Matrix Composites
- Shanghai Jiaotong University
- Shanghai 200240
- People's Republic of China
| | - Chaoqing Dong
- College of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering
- State Key Laboratory of Metal Matrix Composites
- Shanghai Jiaotong University
- Shanghai 200240
- People's Republic of China
| | - Xiangyi Huang
- College of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering
- State Key Laboratory of Metal Matrix Composites
- Shanghai Jiaotong University
- Shanghai 200240
- People's Republic of China
| | - Jicun Ren
- College of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering
- State Key Laboratory of Metal Matrix Composites
- Shanghai Jiaotong University
- Shanghai 200240
- People's Republic of China
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14
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Liang W, Liu S, Liu Z, Li D, Wang L, Hao C, He Y. Electron transfer and fluorescence “turn-off” based CdTe quantum dots for vancomycin detection at nanogram level in aqueous serum media. NEW J CHEM 2015. [DOI: 10.1039/c4nj01764a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Mode of interaction of GSH-CdTe QDs with vancomycin and the mechanism of the fluorescence “turn-off” process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wanjun Liang
- Key Laboratory on Luminescence & Real-Time Analysis
- Ministry of Education
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Southwest University
- Chongqing 400715
| | - Shaopu Liu
- Key Laboratory on Luminescence & Real-Time Analysis
- Ministry of Education
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Southwest University
- Chongqing 400715
| | - Zhengqing Liu
- Frontier Institute of Chemistry
- Frontier Institute of Science and Technology jointly with College of Science
- Xi'an Jiaotong University
- Xi'an 710054
- P. R. China
| | - Dan Li
- Key Laboratory on Luminescence & Real-Time Analysis
- Ministry of Education
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Southwest University
- Chongqing 400715
| | - Linlin Wang
- Key Laboratory on Luminescence & Real-Time Analysis
- Ministry of Education
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Southwest University
- Chongqing 400715
| | - Chenxia Hao
- Key Laboratory on Luminescence & Real-Time Analysis
- Ministry of Education
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Southwest University
- Chongqing 400715
| | - Youqiu He
- Key Laboratory on Luminescence & Real-Time Analysis
- Ministry of Education
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Southwest University
- Chongqing 400715
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Khataee AR, Hasanzadeh A, Iranifam M, Fathinia M, Hanifehpour Y, Joo SW. CuO nanosheets-enhanced flow-injection chemiluminescence system for determination of vancomycin in water, pharmaceutical and human serum. SPECTROCHIMICA ACTA. PART A, MOLECULAR AND BIOMOLECULAR SPECTROSCOPY 2014; 122:737-743. [PMID: 24374931 DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2013.12.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2013] [Revised: 11/29/2013] [Accepted: 12/08/2013] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
A novel, rapid and sensitive CuO nanosheets (NSs) amplified flow-injection chemiluminescence (CL) system, luminol-H2O2-CuO nanosheets, was developed for determination of the vancomycin hydrochloride for the first time. It was found that vancomycin could efficiently inhibit the CL intensity of luminol-H2O2-CuO nanosheets system in alkaline medium. Under the optimum conditions, the inhibited CL intensity was linearly proportional to the concentration of vancomycin over the ranges of 0.5-18.0 and 18.0-40.0 mg L(-1), with a detection limit (3σ) of 0.1 mg L(-1). The precision was calculated by analyzing samples containing 5.0 mg L(-1) vancomycin (n=11) and the relative standard deviation (RSD) was 2.8%. Also, a high injection throughput of 120 sample h(-1) was obtained. The CuO nanosheets were synthesized by a sonochemical method. Also, X-ray diffraction (XRD) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) analyses were employed to characterize the CuO nanosheets. The method was successfully employed to determine vancomycin hydrochloride in environmental water samples, pharmaceutical formulation and spiked human serum.
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Affiliation(s)
- A R Khataee
- Research Laboratory of Advanced Water and Wastewater Treatment Processes, Department of Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Tabriz, Tabriz, Iran.
| | - A Hasanzadeh
- Research Laboratory of Advanced Water and Wastewater Treatment Processes, Department of Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Tabriz, Tabriz, Iran
| | - M Iranifam
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Maragheh, Maragheh, East Azerbaijan, Iran
| | - M Fathinia
- Research Laboratory of Advanced Water and Wastewater Treatment Processes, Department of Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Tabriz, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Y Hanifehpour
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan 712-749, South Korea
| | - S W Joo
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan 712-749, South Korea.
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16
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Fluorescence anisotropy measurements in solution: Methods and reference materials (IUPAC Technical Report). PURE APPL CHEM 2013. [DOI: 10.1351/pac-rep-11-11-12] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
After recalling the basic relations relevant to both steady-state and
time-resolved fluorescence polarization, it is shown how the values of
steady-state polarized intensities recorded experimentally usually need to be
corrected for systematic effects and errors, caused by instrumentation and
sample properties. A list of selected reference values of steady-state
fluorescence anisotropy and polarization is given. Attention is also paid to
analysis of time-resolved fluorescence anisotropy data obtained by pulse
fluorometry or phase and modulation fluorometry techniques. Recommendations for
checking the accuracy of measurements are provided together with a list of
selected time-resolved fluorescence anisotropy data as reported in the
literature.
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17
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Kar P, Pandey A, Greer JJ, Shankar K. Ultrahigh sensitivity assays for human cardiac troponin I using TiO2 nanotube arrays. LAB ON A CHIP 2012; 12:821-828. [PMID: 22234541 DOI: 10.1039/c2lc20892j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
Rapid, highly sensitive troponin assays for the analysis of serum at the point-of-care are particularly desirable for the effective treatment of myocardial infarction (MYI). TiO(2) nanotube arrays constitute a low cost, high surface area, semiconducting architecture with great promise for biosensing applications due to their compatibility with multiple detection techniques. Using TiO(2) nanotube arrays functionalized with highly robust and ordered carboxyalkylphosphonic acid self-assembled monolayers, we have developed a simple and highly sensitive fluorescence immunoassay which can detect concentrations of human cardiac troponin I as low as 0.1 pg ml(-1) without the use of enzymatic amplification. Varying the morphological parameters of the nanotube arrays allows tuning the detection range over 6 orders of magnitude of the troponin concentration from 0.1 pg ml(-1)-100 ng ml(-1).
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Affiliation(s)
- Piyush Kar
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
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18
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Perevoshchikova IV, Kotova EA, Antonenko YN. Fluorescence correlation spectroscopy in biology, chemistry, and medicine. BIOCHEMISTRY (MOSCOW) 2011; 76:497-516. [PMID: 21639831 DOI: 10.1134/s0006297911050014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
This review describes the method of fluorescence correlation spectroscopy (FCS) and its applications. FCS is used for investigating processes associated with changes in the mobility of molecules and complexes and allows researchers to study aggregation of particles, binding of fluorescent molecules with supramolecular complexes, lipid vesicles, etc. The size of objects under study varies from a few angstroms for dye molecules to hundreds of nanometers for nanoparticles. The described applications of FCS comprise various fields from simple chemical systems of solution/micelle to sophisticated regulations on the level of living cells. Both the methodical bases and the theoretical principles of FCS are simple and available. The present review is concentrated preferentially on FCS applications for studies on artificial and natural membranes. At present, in contrast to the related approach of dynamic light scattering, FCS is poorly known in Russia, although it is widely employed in laboratories of other countries. The goal of this review is to promote the development of FCS in Russia so that this technique could occupy the position it deserves in modern Russian science.
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Affiliation(s)
- I V Perevoshchikova
- Belozersky Institute of Physico-Chemical Biology, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Russia
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19
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Bobrovnik SA, Demchenko M, Komisarenko S, Stevens F. Traditional ELISA methods for antibody affinity determination fail to reveal the presence of low affinity antibodies in antisera: an alternative approach. J Mol Recognit 2009; 23:448-56. [DOI: 10.1002/jmr.1011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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20
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Early detection of apoptosis in living cells by fluorescence correlation spectroscopy. Anal Bioanal Chem 2009; 396:1177-85. [DOI: 10.1007/s00216-009-3298-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2009] [Revised: 11/02/2009] [Accepted: 11/05/2009] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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21
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Using nonfluorescent Förster resonance energy transfer acceptors in protein binding studies. Anal Biochem 2009; 393:196-204. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ab.2009.06.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2009] [Revised: 06/10/2009] [Accepted: 06/24/2009] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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22
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Xie C, Dong C, Ren J. Study on homogeneous competitive immune reaction by fluorescence correlation spectroscopy: Using synthetic peptide as antigen. Talanta 2009; 79:971-4. [DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2009.05.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2009] [Revised: 05/11/2009] [Accepted: 05/11/2009] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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23
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Immunomagnetic quantitative immuno-PCR for detection of less than one HIV-1 virion. J Virol Methods 2009; 157:122-32. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jviromet.2008.12.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2008] [Revised: 12/10/2008] [Accepted: 12/15/2008] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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24
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Single-molecule immunosorbent assay as a tool for human immunodeficiency virus-1 antigen detection. Anal Bioanal Chem 2009; 394:489-97. [PMID: 19267241 DOI: 10.1007/s00216-009-2712-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2009] [Revised: 02/13/2009] [Accepted: 02/16/2009] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
Ultrasensitive detection and quantification of viral antigen with a novel single-molecule immunosorbent assay (SMISA) was achieved. Antigen from human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1), the major etiological agent of acquired immune deficiency syndrome, served as the screening target in this study. The target molecule was sandwiched between a polyclonal capture antibody and a monoclonal detector antibody. The capture antibody was covalently immobilized on (3-glycidoxypropyl) trimethoxy silane-modified glass slides. The detector antibody was conjugated with fluorescent Alexa Fluor 532 labeled secondary antibody prior to being used as a probe for the antigen. Imaging was performed with a total internal reflection fluorescence single-molecule detection system. This technique is demonstrated for detecting HIV-1 p24 antigen down to 0.1 pg/mL with a dynamic range of over four orders of magnitude. A Langmuir isotherm fits the molecule count dependence on the target concentration. The target antigen was further tested in 20% human serum, and the results showed that neither sensitivity nor dynamic range was affected by the biological matrix. SMISA is therefore a promising approach for the early diagnosis of viral induced diseases.
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25
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Ruan Q, Tetin SY. Applications of dual-color fluorescence cross-correlation spectroscopy in antibody binding studies. Anal Biochem 2008; 374:182-95. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ab.2007.11.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2007] [Revised: 10/30/2007] [Accepted: 11/04/2007] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
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26
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Stevens FJ, Bobrovnik SA. Deconvolution of antibody affinities and concentrations by non-linear regression analysis of competitive ELISA data. J Immunol Methods 2007; 328:53-8. [PMID: 17884083 DOI: 10.1016/j.jim.2007.08.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2007] [Revised: 07/26/2007] [Accepted: 08/02/2007] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
Physiological responses of the adaptive immune system are polyclonal in nature whether induced by a naturally occurring infection, by vaccination to prevent infection or, in the case of animals, by challenge with antigen to generate reagents of research or commercial significance. The composition of the polyclonal responses is distinct to each individual or animal and changes over time. Differences exist in the affinities of the constituents and their relative proportion of the responsive population. In addition, some of the antibodies bind to different sites on the antigen, whereas other pairs of antibodies are sterically restricted from concurrent interaction with the antigen. Even if generation of a monoclonal antibody is the ultimate goal of a project, the quality of the resulting reagent is ultimately related to the characteristics of the initial immune response. It is probably impossible to quantitatively parse the composition of a polyclonal response to antigen. However, molecular regression allows further parameterization of a polyclonal antiserum in the context of certain simplifying assumptions. The antiserum is described as consisting of two competing populations of high- and low-affinity and unknown relative proportions. This simple model allows the quantitative determination of representative affinities and proportions. These parameters may be of use in evaluating responses to vaccines, to evaluating continuity of antibody production whether in vaccine recipients or animals used for the production of antisera, or in optimizing selection of donors for the production of monoclonal antibodies.
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Affiliation(s)
- F J Stevens
- Biosciences Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, IL 60439, USA.
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27
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28
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Tetin SY, Ruan Q, Saldana SC, Pope MR, Chen Y, Wu H, Pinkus MS, Jiang J, Richardson PL. Interactions of Two Monoclonal Antibodies with BNP: High Resolution Epitope Mapping Using Fluorescence Correlation Spectroscopy. Biochemistry 2006; 45:14155-65. [PMID: 17115710 DOI: 10.1021/bi0607047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Structure-function studies of antibody-antigen systems include the identification of amino acid residues in the antigen that interact with an antibody and elucidation of their individual contributions to binding affinity. We used fluorescence correlation spectroscopy (FCS) and alanine-scanning mutagenesis to characterize the interactions of brain natriuretic peptide (BNP) with two monoclonal antibodies. Human BNP is a 32 amino acid residue long cyclic polypeptide with the ring structure confined between cysteines in positions 10 and 26. It is an important cardiovascular hormone and a valuable diagnostic cardiac marker. We compare the binding strength of the N-terminus Alexa488-labeled BNP, native cyclic BNP, BNP alanine-substituted mutants, linear BNP, and its short fragments to determine the individual contributions of amino acid residues included in the continuous antigenic epitopes that are recognized by two different monoclonal antibodies raised toward BNP. Implementation of FCS for these studies offers all of the advantages of solution phase measurements, including high sensitivity, simplicity of manipulation with reagents, and elimination of solid phase interferences or separation steps. Significant differences in the molecular masses of the free and antibody bound BNP results in a substantial ( approximately 2.5-times) increase in the diffusion rates. Determination of the binding constants and inhibition effects by measuring the diffusion rates of the ligand at the single molecule level introduces the ultimate opportunity for researching systems where the fluorescence intensity and/or fluorescence anisotropy do not change upon interaction of the ligand with the protein. Monoclonal antibodies 106.3 and BC203 demonstrate high affinities to BNP and bind two distant epitopes forming robust antibody sandwiches. Both antibodies are used in Abbott diagnostic assays on AxSYM, IMx, and Architect platforms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sergey Y Tetin
- Biotechnology, Core Research and Development, Diagnostics Division, Global Pharmaceutical Research and Development, Abbott Laboratories, Abbott Park, Illinois 60064, USA.
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29
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Mader O, Reiner K, Egelhaaf HJ, Fischer R, Brock R. Structure property analysis of pentamethine indocyanine dyes: identification of a new dye for life science applications. Bioconjug Chem 2004; 15:70-8. [PMID: 14733585 DOI: 10.1021/bc034191h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
A collection of nine pentamethine indocyanine dyes was synthesized, and the photophysical characteristics relevant to applications in cell biology and single molecule detection were analyzed in detail. Substituents at the aromatic system covering the auxochromic series and substitutions in the polymethine chain were investigated with respect to absorption and emission spectra, fluorescence lifetimes, fluorescence quantum yields, and fluorescence autocorrelations. Substitutions in the polymethine chain increased the nonradiative energy dissipation of the excited singlet state and decreased the fluorescence quantum yield, relative to the unsubstituted compound. For substituents at the aromatic rings the fluorescence quantum yield negatively correlates with the position of the substituents in the auxochromic series -SO(3)(-), -H, -F, -CH(3). Compounds with sulfonic acid groups or halogen atoms attached to the indolenine systems had the highest fluorescence quantum yields. The compound S0387 had nearly 70% of the quantum yield of Cy5 and comparable photostability. The free carboxylic acid of S0387 was attached to peptides in high yield and purity by established procedures of solid-phase synthesis. The dye-labeled peptides did not aggregate or bind to tissue culture cells and proteins unspecifically. The indocyanine dye S0387 is therefore an attractive new fluorophore for in vitro and cell-based detection of receptor ligand interaction at nanomolar concentrations by flow cytometry, fluorescence correlation spectroscopy, and laser scanning microscopy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oliver Mader
- Institute for Cell Biology, University of Tübingen, Auf der Morgenstelle 15, 72076 Tübingen, Germany.
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