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Martín-Oliva D, Martín-Guerrero SM, Carrasco MC, Neubrand VE, Martín-Estebané M, Marín-Teva JL, Navascués J, Cuadros MA, Vangheluwe P, Sepúlveda MR. Distribution of intracellular Ca 2+-ATPases in the mouse retina and their involvement in light-induced cone degeneration. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA. MOLECULAR CELL RESEARCH 2024; 1871:119612. [PMID: 37884226 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbamcr.2023.119612] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2023] [Revised: 09/22/2023] [Accepted: 10/16/2023] [Indexed: 10/28/2023]
Abstract
Calcium signalling is involved in many processes in mammalian retina, from development to mature functions and neurodegeneration. Although proteins involved in Ca2+ entry in retinal cells have been well studied, less is known about Ca2+-clearance. Among the Ca2+ pumps, plasma membrane Ca2+-ATPases (PMCAs) have been identified as key proteins extruding Ca2+ across the plasma membrane with specific distribution in developing and adult retina. However, the two main isoforms of intracellular Ca2+-ATPases in the central nervous system, the sarco(endo)plasmic reticulum (ER) Ca2+-ATPase 2b (SERCA2b) and the secretory pathway Ca2+-ATPase 1 (SPCA1), which remove cytosolic Ca2+ into intracellular stores, have been less or not at all analysed, respectively. In this study, we described for the first time the SPCA1 localisation in adult mouse retina and we report differential distributions of SERCA2b and SPCA1 transporters within various classes of retinal neurons and distinct subcellular localisations. In addition, we studied the expression and localisation of both Ca2+ pumps in 661W cells, a cone photoreceptor-derived cell line. Since continuous exposure to high light intensity induces photodegeneration, we analysed the effect of LED light exposure on these cells and SERCA2b and SPCA1 distribution. We found that continuous mild LED-light exposure compromised cell survival and produced stress in the ER and Golgi, the Ca2+ stores where the two pumps are localised. These effects were reversed after halting light exposure and washing. This study demonstrates that Ca2+ signalling may be involved in light-induced photoreceptor cell damage and points to previously unrecognised functions of intracellular Ca2+-ATPases in retina physiology.
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Affiliation(s)
- David Martín-Oliva
- Department of Cell Biology, Faculty of Sciences, University of Granada, Granada, Spain
| | | | - M Carmen Carrasco
- Department of Cell Biology, Faculty of Sciences, University of Granada, Granada, Spain
| | - Veronika E Neubrand
- Department of Cell Biology, Faculty of Sciences, University of Granada, Granada, Spain
| | - María Martín-Estebané
- Department of Cell Biology, Faculty of Sciences, University of Granada, Granada, Spain
| | - José L Marín-Teva
- Department of Cell Biology, Faculty of Sciences, University of Granada, Granada, Spain
| | - Julio Navascués
- Department of Cell Biology, Faculty of Sciences, University of Granada, Granada, Spain
| | - Miguel A Cuadros
- Department of Cell Biology, Faculty of Sciences, University of Granada, Granada, Spain
| | - Peter Vangheluwe
- Laboratory of Cellular Transport Systems, Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - M Rosario Sepúlveda
- Department of Cell Biology, Faculty of Sciences, University of Granada, Granada, Spain.
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2
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Hu X, Li H, Yang M, Chen Y, Zeng A, Wu J, Zhang J, Tian Y, Tang J, Qian S, Wu M. Effect of Long Non-coding RNA and DNA Methylation on Gene Expression in Dental Fluorosis. Biol Trace Elem Res 2024; 202:221-232. [PMID: 37059921 DOI: 10.1007/s12011-023-03660-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2022] [Accepted: 04/04/2023] [Indexed: 04/16/2023]
Abstract
In the process of tooth development, the interaction between genetic information, epigenetic inheritance, and environment jointly affects the teeth formation. At present, the mechanism of dental fluorosis is rarely studied from transcriptomics, and there is no report on epigenetic perspective. In the study, SD rats were randomly divided into dental fluorosis group and control group fed with NaF (150 mg/L) or distilled water for 8 weeks. After 3.5 days of birth, the RNAs or DNA of rat mandibular molars were detected by RNA-seq or MethylTarget, respectively. The results demonstrated that a total of 1723 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) and 2511 differential expression lncRNAs (DE-lncRNAs) were mainly involved in the ion channels, calcium ion transport, and immunomodulatory signaling pathways. ATP2C1 and Nr1d1, which were related to Ca2+ transport, cellular calcium homeostasis, endoplasmic reticulum stress and immunity, may be the key genes in the formation of dental fluorosis. Notably, we also found that the immune response plays an important role in the formation of dental fluorosis, and a large amount of DEGs was enriched in immune regulation and NF-κB signaling pathways. Furthermore, the methylation levels of 13 sites were increased in Ago4, Atf3, Atp2c1, Dusp1, Habp4, and Mycl, while methylation levels of 5 CpG sites decreased in Ago4, Atp2c1, Habp4, and Traf6, and conformably, the expression of these genes have been significantly changed. This study comprehensively analyzed the occurrence mechanism of dental fluorosis from transcriptomics and epigenetics, so as to provide theoretical reference for further research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoyan Hu
- Hospital of Stomatology, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, 563099, China
| | - Huiru Li
- Hospital of Stomatology, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, 563099, China
| | - Minzhi Yang
- Hospital of Stomatology, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, 563099, China
| | - Yujiong Chen
- Hospital of Stomatology, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, 563099, China
| | - Ailin Zeng
- Hospital of Stomatology, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, 563099, China
| | - Jiayuan Wu
- Hospital of Stomatology, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, 563099, China
- Special Key Laboratory of Oral Disease Research, Higher Education Institution in Guizhou Province, Zunyi, 563006, China
| | - Jian Zhang
- Hospital of Stomatology, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, 563099, China
- Special Key Laboratory of Oral Disease Research, Higher Education Institution in Guizhou Province, Zunyi, 563006, China
| | - Yuan Tian
- Hospital of Stomatology, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, 563099, China
- Special Key Laboratory of Oral Disease Research, Higher Education Institution in Guizhou Province, Zunyi, 563006, China
| | - Jing Tang
- Hospital of Stomatology, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, 563099, China
- Special Key Laboratory of Oral Disease Research, Higher Education Institution in Guizhou Province, Zunyi, 563006, China
| | - Shengyan Qian
- Hospital of Stomatology, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, 563099, China
- Special Key Laboratory of Oral Disease Research, Higher Education Institution in Guizhou Province, Zunyi, 563006, China
| | - Mingsong Wu
- Hospital of Stomatology, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, 563099, China.
- Special Key Laboratory of Oral Disease Research, Higher Education Institution in Guizhou Province, Zunyi, 563006, China.
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3
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Estrella E, Rockowitz S, Thorne M, Smith P, Petit J, Zehnder V, Yu RN, Bauer S, Berde C, Agrawal PB, Beggs AH, Gharavi AG, Kunkel L, Brownstein CA. Mendelian Disorders in an Interstitial Cystitis/Bladder Pain Syndrome Cohort. ADVANCED GENETICS (HOBOKEN, N.J.) 2023; 4:2200013. [PMID: 36910591 PMCID: PMC10000272 DOI: 10.1002/ggn2.202200013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2022] [Revised: 10/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Interstitial cystitis/bladder pain syndrome (IC/BPS) is a chronic pain disorder causing symptoms of urinary frequency, urgency, and bladder discomfort or pain. Although this condition affects a large population, little is known about its etiology. Genetic analyses of whole exome sequencing are performed on 109 individuals with IC/BPS. One family has a previously reported SIX5 variant (ENST00000317578.6:c.472G>A, p.Ala158Thr), consistent with Branchiootorenal syndrome 2 (BOR2). A likely pathogenic heterozygous variant in ATP2A2 (ENST00000539276.2:c.235G>A, p.Glu79Lys) is identified in two unrelated probands, indicating possible Darier-White disease. Two private heterozygous variants are identified in ATP2C1 (ENST00000393221.4:c.2358A>T, p.Glu786Asp (VUS/Likely Pathogenic) and ENST00000393221.4:c.989C>G, p.Thr330Ser (likely pathogenic)), indicative of Hailey-Hailey Disease. Sequence kernel association test analysis finds an increased burden of rare ATP2C1 variants in the IC/BPS cases versus a control cohort (p = 0.03, OR = 6.76), though does not survive Bonferroni correction. The data suggest that some individuals with IC/BPS may have unrecognized Mendelian syndromes. Comprehensive phenotyping and genotyping aid in understanding the range of diagnoses in the population-based IC/BPS cohort. Conversely, ATP2C1, ATP2A2, and SIX5 may be candidate genes for IC/BPS. Further evaluation with larger numbers is needed. Genetically screening individuals with IC/BPS may help diagnose and treat this painful disorder due to its heterogeneous nature.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elicia Estrella
- Department of NeurologyBoston Children's HospitalHarvard Medical SchoolBostonMA02115USA
- Division of Genetics and Genomics Boston Children's HospitalHarvard Medical SchoolBostonMA02115USA
- The Manton Center for Orphan disease ResearchBoston Children's HospitalHarvard Medical SchoolBostonMA02115USA
| | - Shira Rockowitz
- The Manton Center for Orphan disease ResearchBoston Children's HospitalHarvard Medical SchoolBostonMA02115USA
- Research ComputingInformation TechnologyBoston Children's HospitalBostonMA02115USA
| | - Marielle Thorne
- Division of Genetics and Genomics Boston Children's HospitalHarvard Medical SchoolBostonMA02115USA
- The Manton Center for Orphan disease ResearchBoston Children's HospitalHarvard Medical SchoolBostonMA02115USA
| | - Pressley Smith
- Division of Genetics and Genomics Boston Children's HospitalHarvard Medical SchoolBostonMA02115USA
- The Manton Center for Orphan disease ResearchBoston Children's HospitalHarvard Medical SchoolBostonMA02115USA
| | - Jeanette Petit
- Division of Genetics and Genomics Boston Children's HospitalHarvard Medical SchoolBostonMA02115USA
- The Manton Center for Orphan disease ResearchBoston Children's HospitalHarvard Medical SchoolBostonMA02115USA
| | - Veronica Zehnder
- Division of Genetics and Genomics Boston Children's HospitalHarvard Medical SchoolBostonMA02115USA
- The Manton Center for Orphan disease ResearchBoston Children's HospitalHarvard Medical SchoolBostonMA02115USA
| | - Richard N. Yu
- Department of UrologyBoston Children's HospitalBostonMA02115USA
| | - Stuart Bauer
- Department of UrologyBoston Children's HospitalBostonMA02115USA
| | - Charles Berde
- The Manton Center for Orphan disease ResearchBoston Children's HospitalHarvard Medical SchoolBostonMA02115USA
- Department of Anesthesiology, Critical Care and Pain MedicineBoston Children's HospitalBostonMA02115USA
- Department of AnaesthesiaHarvard Medical SchoolBostonMA02115USA
| | - Pankaj B. Agrawal
- Division of Genetics and Genomics Boston Children's HospitalHarvard Medical SchoolBostonMA02115USA
- The Manton Center for Orphan disease ResearchBoston Children's HospitalHarvard Medical SchoolBostonMA02115USA
- Division of Newborn MedicineBoston Children's HospitalHarvard Medical SchoolBostonMA02115USA
| | - Alan H. Beggs
- Division of Genetics and Genomics Boston Children's HospitalHarvard Medical SchoolBostonMA02115USA
- The Manton Center for Orphan disease ResearchBoston Children's HospitalHarvard Medical SchoolBostonMA02115USA
| | - Ali G. Gharavi
- Institute for Genomic MedicineVagelos College of Physicians & SurgeonsColumbia UniversityNew YorkNY10032USA
- Division of NephrologyDepartment of MedicineVagelos College of Physicians & SurgeonsColumbia UniversityNew YorkNY10032USA
- Center for Precision Medicine and GenomicsDepartment of MedicineVagelos College of Physicians & SurgeonsColumbia UniversityNew YorkNY10032USA
| | - Louis Kunkel
- Division of Genetics and Genomics Boston Children's HospitalHarvard Medical SchoolBostonMA02115USA
- The Manton Center for Orphan disease ResearchBoston Children's HospitalHarvard Medical SchoolBostonMA02115USA
| | - Catherine A. Brownstein
- Division of Genetics and Genomics Boston Children's HospitalHarvard Medical SchoolBostonMA02115USA
- The Manton Center for Orphan disease ResearchBoston Children's HospitalHarvard Medical SchoolBostonMA02115USA
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4
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Zajac M, Modi S, Krishnan Y. The evolution of organellar calcium mapping technologies. Cell Calcium 2022; 108:102658. [PMID: 36274564 PMCID: PMC10224794 DOI: 10.1016/j.ceca.2022.102658] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2022] [Revised: 10/05/2022] [Accepted: 10/08/2022] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
Intracellular Ca2+ fluxes are dynamically controlled by the co-involvement of multiple organellar pools of stored Ca2+. Endolysosomes are emerging as physiologically critical, yet underexplored, sources and sinks of intracellular Ca2+. Delineating the role of organelles in Ca2+ signaling has relied on chemical fluorescent probes and electrophysiological strategies. However, the acidic endolysosomal environment presents unique issues, which preclude the use of traditional chemical reporter strategies to map lumenal Ca2+. Here, we broadly address the current state of knowledge about organellar Ca2+ pools. We then outline the application of traditional probes, and their sensing paradigms. We then discuss how a new generation of probes overcomes the limitations of traditional Ca2+probes, emphasizing their ability to offer critical insights into endolysosomal Ca2+, and its feedback with other organellar pools.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew Zajac
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, 60637, USA; Neuroscience Institute, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, 60637, USA
| | - Souvik Modi
- Esya Labs, Translation and Innovation Hub, Imperial College White City Campus, 84 Wood Lane, London, W12 0BZ, UK
| | - Yamuna Krishnan
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, 60637, USA; Neuroscience Institute, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, 60637, USA; Institute for Biophysical Dynamics, The University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, 60637, USA.
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5
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Gao J, Gao A, Zhou H, Chen L. The role of metal ions in the Golgi apparatus. Cell Biol Int 2022; 46:1309-1319. [PMID: 35830695 DOI: 10.1002/cbin.11848] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/01/2022] [Revised: 05/19/2022] [Accepted: 05/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
The Golgi apparatus is a membrane-bound organelle that functions as a central role in the secretory pathway. Since the discovery of the Golgi apparatus, its structure and function have attracted ever-increasing attention from researchers. Recently, it has been demonstrated that metal ions are necessary for the Golgi apparatus to maintain its proper structure and functions. Given that metal ions play an important role in various biological processes, their abnormal homeostasis is related to many diseases. Therefore, in this paper, we reviewed the uptake and release mechanisms of the Golgi apparatus Ca2+ , Cu, and Zn2+ . Furthermore, we describe the diseases associated with Golgi apparatus Ca2+ , Cu, and Zn2+ imbalance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiayin Gao
- Institute of Pharmacy and Pharmacology, Learning Key Laboratory for Pharmacoproteomics, Hunan Province Cooperative Innovation Center for Molecular Target New Drug Study, University of South China, Hengyang, China
| | - Anbo Gao
- Institute of Pharmacy and Pharmacology, Learning Key Laboratory for Pharmacoproteomics, Hunan Province Cooperative Innovation Center for Molecular Target New Drug Study, University of South China, Hengyang, China
| | - Hong Zhou
- Department of Radiology of the First Affiliated Hospital of University of South China, Hengyang, China
| | - Linxi Chen
- Institute of Pharmacy and Pharmacology, Learning Key Laboratory for Pharmacoproteomics, Hunan Province Cooperative Innovation Center for Molecular Target New Drug Study, University of South China, Hengyang, China
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6
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Yamamoto-Hijikata S, Suga K, Homareda H, Ushimaru M. Inhibition of the human secretory pathway Ca 2+, Mn 2+-ATPase1a by 1,3-thiazole derivatives. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2022; 614:56-62. [PMID: 35567944 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2022.05.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2022] [Accepted: 05/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
Abstract
The human Golgi/secretory pathway Ca2+,Mn2+-ATPase 1 (hSPCA1) transports Ca2+ and Mn2+ into the Golgi lumen. Studies of the biological functions of hSPCA1 are limited by a lack of selective pharmacological tools for SPCA1 inhibition. The aim of this study was therefore to identify compounds that specifically inhibit hSPCA1 activity. We found that five 1,3-thiazole derivatives exhibited inhibitory action towards the ATP hydrolysis activity of hSPCA1a in a concentration-dependent manner. Among the derivatives tested, compound 1 was the most potent, completely inhibiting hSPCA1a activity with a half-maximal inhibition (IC50) value of 0.8 μM. Compound 1 also partially inhibited the activity of another Ca2+,Mn2+-ATPase (hSPCA2) and Ca2+-ATPase (rSERCA1a), but had no effect on Na+,K+-ATPase or H+,K+-ATPase. Treatment of HeLa cells with compound 1 led to fragmentation of the Golgi ribbon into smaller stacks. In addition, compound 1 mobilized intracellular Ca2+ in HeLa cells that had been pre-treated with thapsigargin. Therefore, based on its selectivity and potency, compound 1 may be a valuable tool with which to further explore the role of SPCA1 in cellular processes.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Kei Suga
- Department of Chemistry, Kyorin University School of Medicine, Mitaka, Tokyo, 181-8611, Japan
| | - Haruo Homareda
- Department of Chemistry, Kyorin University School of Medicine, Mitaka, Tokyo, 181-8611, Japan
| | - Makoto Ushimaru
- Department of Chemistry, Kyorin University School of Medicine, Mitaka, Tokyo, 181-8611, Japan
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7
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Illumination enhances the protein abundance of sarcoplasmic reticulum Ca 2+-ATPases-like transporter in the ctenidium and whitish inner mantle of the giant clam, Tridacna squamosa, to augment exogenous Ca 2+ uptake and shell formation, respectively. Comp Biochem Physiol A Mol Integr Physiol 2020; 251:110811. [PMID: 33011226 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpa.2020.110811] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2020] [Revised: 09/27/2020] [Accepted: 09/27/2020] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
The fluted giant clam, Tridacna squamosa, can perform light-enhanced shell formation, aided by its symbiotic dinoflagellates (Symbiodinium, Cladocopium, Durusdinium), which are able to donate organic nutrients to the host. During light-enhanced shell formation, increased Ca2+ transport from the hemolymph through the shell-facing epithelium of the inner mantle to the extrapallial fluid, where calcification occurs, is necessary. Additionally, there must be increased absorption of exogenous Ca2+ from the surrounding seawater, across the epithelial cells of the ctenidium (gill) into the hemolymph, to supply sufficient Ca2+ for light-enhanced shell formation. When Ca2+ moves across these epithelial cells, the low intracellular Ca2+ concentration must be maintained. Sarco(endo)plasmic reticulum Ca2+-ATPase (SERCA) regulates the intracellular Ca2+ concentration by pumping Ca2+ into the sarcoplasmic/endoplasmic reticulum (SR/ER) and Golgi apparatus. Indeed, the ctenidium and inner mantle of T. squamosa, expressed a homolog of SERCA (SERCA-like transporter) that consists of 3009 bp, encoding 1002 amino acids of 110.6 kDa. SERCA-like-immunolabeling was non-uniform in the cytoplasm of epithelial cells of ctenidial filaments, and that of the shell-facing epithelial cells of the inner mantle. Importantly, the protein abundance of SERCA-like increased significantly in the ctenidium and the inner mantle of T. squamosa after 12 h and 6 h, respectively, of light exposure. This would increase the capacity of pumping Ca2+ into the endoplasmic reticulum and avert a possible surge in the cytosolic Ca2+ concentration in epithelial cells of the ctenidial filaments during light-enhanced Ca2+ absorption, and in cells of the shell-facing epithelium of the inner mantle during light-enhanced shell formation.
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8
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von Blume J, Hausser A. Lipid-dependent coupling of secretory cargo sorting and trafficking at the trans-Golgi network. FEBS Lett 2019; 593:2412-2427. [PMID: 31344259 PMCID: PMC8048779 DOI: 10.1002/1873-3468.13552] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2019] [Revised: 07/10/2019] [Accepted: 07/22/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
In eukaryotic cells, the trans-Golgi network (TGN) serves as a platform for secretory cargo sorting and trafficking. In recent years, it has become evident that a complex network of lipid–lipid and lipid–protein interactions contributes to these key functions. This review addresses the role of lipids at the TGN with a particular emphasis on sphingolipids and diacylglycerol. We further highlight how these lipids couple secretory cargo sorting and trafficking for spatiotemporal coordination of protein transport to the plasma membrane.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julia von Blume
- Department of Cell Biology, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA.,Max Planck Institute of Biochemistry, Martinsried, Germany
| | - Angelika Hausser
- Institute of Cell Biology and Immunology, University of Stuttgart, Germany.,Stuttgart Research Center Systems Biology, University of Stuttgart, Germany
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9
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Jalal N, Wei J, Jiang Y, Pathak JL, Surendranath AR, Chung CY. Low-dose bisphenol A (BPA)-induced DNA damage and tumorigenic events in MCF-10A cells. COGENT MEDICINE 2019. [DOI: 10.1080/2331205x.2019.1616356] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Nasir Jalal
- School of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology, Tianjin University, 92 Weijin Road, Tianjin, Nankai district 300072, Peoples Republic of China
| | - Jing Wei
- School of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology, Tianjin University, 92 Weijin Road, Tianjin, Nankai district 300072, Peoples Republic of China
| | - Yaxin Jiang
- School of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology, Tianjin University, 92 Weijin Road, Tianjin, Nankai district 300072, Peoples Republic of China
| | - Janak L. Pathak
- Key Lab of Oral Medicine, Guangzhou Institute of Oral Disease, Stomatological Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Huangsha Avenue 39, Liwan District, Guangzhou 510140, Peoples Republic of China
| | - Austin R. Surendranath
- Department of Physiology and Biochemistry, Coorg Institute of Dental Sciences, Virajpet, Coorg, 571218, India
| | - Chang Y. Chung
- School of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology, Tianjin University, 92 Weijin Road, Tianjin, Nankai district 300072, Peoples Republic of China
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Carmona A, Zogzas CE, Roudeau S, Porcaro F, Garrevoet J, Spiers KM, Salomé M, Cloetens P, Mukhopadhyay S, Ortega R. SLC30A10 Mutation Involved in Parkinsonism Results in Manganese Accumulation within Nanovesicles of the Golgi Apparatus. ACS Chem Neurosci 2019; 10:599-609. [PMID: 30272946 DOI: 10.1021/acschemneuro.8b00451] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Manganese (Mn) is an essential metal that can be neurotoxic when elevated exposition occurs leading to parkinsonian-like syndromes. Mutations in the Slc30a10 gene have been identified in new forms of familial parkinsonism. SLC30A10 is a cell surface protein involved in the efflux of Mn and protects the cell against Mn toxicity. Disease-causing mutations block the efflux activity of SLC30A10, resulting in Mn accumulation. Determining the intracellular localization of Mn when disease-causing SLC30A10 mutants are expressed is essential to elucidate the mechanisms of Mn neurotoxicity. Here, using organelle fluorescence microscopy and synchrotron X-ray fluorescence (SXRF) imaging, we found that Mn accumulates in the Golgi apparatus of human cells transfected with the disease-causing SLC30A10-Δ105-107 mutant under physiological conditions and after exposure to Mn. In cells expressing the wild-type SLC30A10 protein, cellular Mn content was low after all exposure conditions, confirming efficient Mn efflux. In nontransfected cells that do not express endogenous SLC30A10 and in mock transfected cells, Mn was located in the Golgi apparatus, similarly to its distribution in cells expressing the mutant protein, confirming deficient Mn efflux. The newly developed SXRF cryogenic nanoimaging (<50 nm resolution) indicated that Mn was trapped in single vesicles within the Golgi apparatus. Our results confirm the role of SLC30A10 in Mn efflux and the accumulation of Mn in cells expressing the disease-causing SLC30A10-Δ105-107 mutation. Moreover, we identified suborganelle Golgi nanovesicles as the main compartment of Mn accumulation in SLC30A10 mutants, suggesting interactions with the vesicular trafficking machinery as a cause of the disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Asuncion Carmona
- Chemical Imaging and Speciation, CENBG, University of Bordeaux, UMR 5797, 33175 Gradignan, France
- CNRS, IN2P3, CENBG, UMR 5797, 33175 Gradignan, France
| | - Charles E. Zogzas
- Division of Pharmacology and Toxicology; Institute for Cellular and Molecular Biology and Institute for Neuroscience, University of Texas, Austin, Texas 78712, United States
| | - Stéphane Roudeau
- Chemical Imaging and Speciation, CENBG, University of Bordeaux, UMR 5797, 33175 Gradignan, France
- CNRS, IN2P3, CENBG, UMR 5797, 33175 Gradignan, France
| | - Francesco Porcaro
- Chemical Imaging and Speciation, CENBG, University of Bordeaux, UMR 5797, 33175 Gradignan, France
- CNRS, IN2P3, CENBG, UMR 5797, 33175 Gradignan, France
| | - Jan Garrevoet
- Deutsches Elektronen Synchrotron DESY, Notkestr. 85, Hamburg 22607, Germany
| | - Kathryn M. Spiers
- Deutsches Elektronen Synchrotron DESY, Notkestr. 85, Hamburg 22607, Germany
| | - Murielle Salomé
- European Synchrotron Radiation Facility, 38000 Grenoble, France
| | - Peter Cloetens
- European Synchrotron Radiation Facility, 38000 Grenoble, France
| | - Somshuvra Mukhopadhyay
- Division of Pharmacology and Toxicology; Institute for Cellular and Molecular Biology and Institute for Neuroscience, University of Texas, Austin, Texas 78712, United States
| | - Richard Ortega
- Chemical Imaging and Speciation, CENBG, University of Bordeaux, UMR 5797, 33175 Gradignan, France
- CNRS, IN2P3, CENBG, UMR 5797, 33175 Gradignan, France
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11
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Brown JM, García-García MJ. Secretory pathway calcium ATPase 1 (SPCA1) controls mouse neural tube closure by regulating cytoskeletal dynamics. Development 2018; 145:dev.170019. [PMID: 30228103 DOI: 10.1242/dev.170019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2018] [Accepted: 09/05/2018] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Neural tube closure relies on the apical constriction of neuroepithelial cells. Research in frog and fly embryos has found links between the levels of intracellular calcium, actomyosin dynamics and apical constriction. However, genetic evidence for a role of calcium in apical constriction during mammalian neurulation is still lacking. Secretory pathway calcium ATPase (SPCA1) regulates calcium homeostasis by pumping cytosolic calcium into the Golgi apparatus. Loss of function in Spca1 causes cranial exencephaly and spinal cord defects in mice, phenotypes previously ascribed to apoptosis. However, our characterization of a novel allele of Spca1 revealed that neurulation defects in Spca1 mutants are not due to cell death, but rather to a failure of neuroepithelial cells to apically constrict. We show that SPCA1 influences cell contractility by regulating myosin II localization. Furthermore, we found that loss of Spca1 disrupts actin dynamics and the localization of the actin remodeling protein cofilin 1. Taken together, our results provide evidence that SPCA1 promotes neurulation by regulating the cytoskeletal dynamics that promote apical constriction and identify cofilin 1 as a downstream effector of SPCA1 function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joel M Brown
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853, USA
| | - María J García-García
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853, USA
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12
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Chen J, De Raeymaecker J, Hovgaard JB, Smaardijk S, Vandecaetsbeek I, Wuytack F, Møller JV, Eggermont J, De Maeyer M, Christensen SB, Vangheluwe P. Structure/activity relationship of thapsigargin inhibition on the purified Golgi/secretory pathway Ca 2+/Mn 2+-transport ATPase (SPCA1a). J Biol Chem 2017; 292:6938-6951. [PMID: 28264934 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m117.778431] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2017] [Revised: 03/02/2017] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
The Golgi/secretory pathway Ca2+/Mn2+-transport ATPase (SPCA1a) is implicated in breast cancer and Hailey-Hailey disease. Here, we purified recombinant human SPCA1a from Saccharomyces cerevisiae and measured Ca2+-dependent ATPase activity following reconstitution in proteoliposomes. The purified SPCA1a displays a higher apparent Ca2+ affinity and a lower maximal turnover rate than the purified sarco(endo)plasmic reticulum Ca2+-ATPase (SERCA1a). The lipids cholesteryl hemisuccinate, linoleamide/oleamide, and phosphatidylethanolamine inhibit and phosphatidic acid and sphingomyelin enhance SPCA1a activity. Moreover, SPCA1a is blocked by micromolar concentrations of the commonly used SERCA1a inhibitors thapsigargin (Tg), cyclopiazonic acid, and 2,5-di-tert-butylhydroquinone. Because tissue-specific targeting of SERCA2b by Tg analogues is considered for prostate cancer therapy, the inhibition of SPCA1a by Tg might represent an off-target risk. We assessed the structure-activity relationship (SAR) of Tg for SPCA1a by in silico modeling, site-directed mutagenesis, and measuring the potency of a series of Tg analogues. These indicate that Tg and the analogues are bound via the Tg scaffold but with lower affinity to the same homologous cavity as on the membrane surface of SERCA1a. The lower Tg affinity may depend on a more flexible binding cavity in SPCA1a, with low contributions of the Tg O-3, O-8, and O-10 chains to the binding energy. Conversely, the protein interaction of the Tg O-2 side chain with SPCA1a appears comparable with that of SERCA1a. These differences define a SAR of Tg for SPCA1a distinct from that of SERCA1a, indicating that Tg analogues with a higher specificity for SPCA1a can probably be developed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jialin Chen
- From the Laboratory of Cellular Transport Systems, Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, and
| | - Joren De Raeymaecker
- Biochemistry, Molecular and Structural Biology Section, Department of Chemistry, KU Leuven, 3000 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Jannik Brøndsted Hovgaard
- the Department of Drug Design and Pharmacology, University of Copenhagen, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark, and
| | - Susanne Smaardijk
- From the Laboratory of Cellular Transport Systems, Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, and
| | - Ilse Vandecaetsbeek
- From the Laboratory of Cellular Transport Systems, Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, and
| | - Frank Wuytack
- From the Laboratory of Cellular Transport Systems, Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, and
| | | | - Jan Eggermont
- From the Laboratory of Cellular Transport Systems, Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, and
| | - Marc De Maeyer
- Biochemistry, Molecular and Structural Biology Section, Department of Chemistry, KU Leuven, 3000 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Søren Brøgger Christensen
- the Department of Drug Design and Pharmacology, University of Copenhagen, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark, and
| | - Peter Vangheluwe
- From the Laboratory of Cellular Transport Systems, Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, and
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13
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Alonso MT, Rodríguez-Prados M, Navas-Navarro P, Rojo-Ruiz J, García-Sancho J. Using aequorin probes to measure Ca 2+ in intracellular organelles. Cell Calcium 2017; 64:3-11. [PMID: 28214023 DOI: 10.1016/j.ceca.2017.01.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2016] [Accepted: 01/11/2017] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Aequorins are excellent tools for measuring intra-organellar Ca2+ and assessing its role in physiological and pathological functions. Here we review targeting strategies to express aequorins in various organelles. We address critical topics such as probe affinity tuning as well as normalization and calibration of the signal. We also focus on bioluminescent Ca2+ imaging in nucleus or mitochondria of living cells. Finally, recent advances with a new chimeric GFP-aequorin protein (GAP), which can be used either as luminescent or fluorescent Ca2+ probe, are presented. GAP is robustly expressed in transgenic flies and mice, where it has proven to be a suitable Ca2+ indicator for monitoring physiological Ca2+ signaling ex vivo and in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- María Teresa Alonso
- Instituto de Biología y Genética Molecular (IBGM), Universidad de Valladolid and Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), c/Sanz y Forés 3, 47003 Valladolid, Spain.
| | - Macarena Rodríguez-Prados
- Instituto de Biología y Genética Molecular (IBGM), Universidad de Valladolid and Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), c/Sanz y Forés 3, 47003 Valladolid, Spain
| | - Paloma Navas-Navarro
- Instituto de Biología y Genética Molecular (IBGM), Universidad de Valladolid and Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), c/Sanz y Forés 3, 47003 Valladolid, Spain
| | - Jonathan Rojo-Ruiz
- Instituto de Biología y Genética Molecular (IBGM), Universidad de Valladolid and Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), c/Sanz y Forés 3, 47003 Valladolid, Spain
| | - Javier García-Sancho
- Instituto de Biología y Genética Molecular (IBGM), Universidad de Valladolid and Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), c/Sanz y Forés 3, 47003 Valladolid, Spain.
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14
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Abstract
Ca
2+ oscillations, a widespread mode of cell signaling, were reported in non-excitable cells for the first time more than 25 years ago. Their fundamental mechanism, based on the periodic Ca
2+ exchange between the endoplasmic reticulum and the cytoplasm, has been well characterized. However, how the kinetics of cytosolic Ca
2+ changes are related to the extent of a physiological response remains poorly understood. Here, we review data suggesting that the downstream targets of Ca
2+ are controlled not only by the frequency of Ca
2+ oscillations but also by the detailed characteristics of the oscillations, such as their duration, shape, or baseline level. Involvement of non-endoplasmic reticulum Ca
2+ stores, mainly mitochondria and the extracellular medium, participates in this fine tuning of Ca
2+ oscillations. The main characteristics of the Ca
2+ exchange fluxes with these compartments are also reviewed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Geneviève Dupont
- Unité de Chronobiologie Théorique, Faculté des Sciences, Université Libre de Bruxelles (ULB), Brussels, Belgium
| | - Laurent Combettes
- Interactions Cellulaires et Physiopathologie Hépatique, UMR-S 1174, Université Paris Sud, Orsay, France
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15
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Li LH, Tian XR, Jiang Z, Zeng LW, He WF, Hu ZP. The Golgi Apparatus: Panel Point of Cytosolic Ca(2+) Regulation. Neurosignals 2016; 21:272-84. [PMID: 23796968 DOI: 10.1159/000350471] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2012] [Accepted: 03/05/2013] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The Golgi apparatus (GA), an intermediate organelle of the cell inner membrane system, plays a key role in protein glycosylation and secretion. In recent years, this organelle has been found to act as a vital intracellular Ca(2+) store because different Ca (2+) regulators, such as the inositol-1,4,5-triphosphate receptor, sarco/endoplasmic reticulum Ca(2+) -ATPase and secretory pathway Ca 2+ -ATPase, were demonstrated to localize on their membrane. The mechanisms involved in Ca(2+) release and uptake in the GA have now been established.Here, based on careful backward looking on compartments and patterns in GA Ca (2+) regulation, we review neurological diseases related to GA calcium remodeling and propose a modified cytosolic Ca(2+) adjustment model, in which GA acts as part of the panel point.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li-Hua Li
- Department of Neurology, Second Xiangya Hospital, Central-South University, Changsha; School of Medicine, Jishou University, Jishou , PR China
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16
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Yang Z, Kirton HM, MacDougall DA, Boyle JP, Deuchars J, Frater B, Ponnambalam S, Hardy ME, White E, Calaghan SC, Peers C, Steele DS. The Golgi apparatus is a functionally distinct Ca2+ store regulated by the PKA and Epac branches of the β1-adrenergic signaling pathway. Sci Signal 2015; 8:ra101. [PMID: 26462734 PMCID: PMC4869832 DOI: 10.1126/scisignal.aaa7677] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Ca(2+) release from the Golgi apparatus regulates key functions of the organelle, including vesicle trafficking. We found that the Golgi apparatus was the source of prolonged Ca(2+) release events that originated near the nuclei of primary cardiomyocytes. Golgi Ca(2+) release was unaffected by depletion of sarcoplasmic reticulum Ca(2+), and disruption of the Golgi apparatus abolished Golgi Ca(2+) release without affecting sarcoplasmic reticulum function, suggesting functional and spatial independence of Golgi and sarcoplasmic reticulum Ca(2+) stores. β1-Adrenoceptor stimulation triggers the production of the second messenger cAMP, which activates the Epac family of Rap guanine nucleotide exchange factors and the kinase PKA (protein kinase A). Phosphodiesterases (PDEs), including those in the PDE3 and PDE4 families, degrade cAMP. Activation of β1-adrenoceptors stimulated Golgi Ca(2+) release, an effect that required activation of Epac, PKA, and the kinase CaMKII. Inhibition of PDE3s or PDE4s potentiated β1-adrenergic-induced Golgi Ca(2+) release, which is consistent with compartmentalization of cAMP signaling near the Golgi apparatus. Interventions that stimulated Golgi Ca(2+) release appeared to increase the trafficking of vascular endothelial growth factor receptor-1 (VEGFR-1) from the Golgi apparatus to the surface membrane of cardiomyocytes. In cardiomyocytes from rats with heart failure, decreases in the abundance of PDE3s and PDE4s were associated with increased Golgi Ca(2+) release events. These data suggest that the Golgi apparatus is a focal point for β1-adrenergic-stimulated Ca(2+) signaling and that the Golgi Ca(2+) store functions independently from the sarcoplasmic reticulum and the global Ca(2+) transients that trigger contraction in cardiomyocytes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhaokang Yang
- School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Leeds, Leeds LS2 9JT, UK.
| | - Hannah M Kirton
- School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Leeds, Leeds LS2 9JT, UK
| | | | - John P Boyle
- Leeds Institute of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Medicine, University of Leeds, Leeds LS2 9JT, UK
| | - James Deuchars
- School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Leeds, Leeds LS2 9JT, UK
| | - Brenda Frater
- School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Leeds, Leeds LS2 9JT, UK
| | | | - Matthew E Hardy
- School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Leeds, Leeds LS2 9JT, UK
| | - Edward White
- School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Leeds, Leeds LS2 9JT, UK
| | - Sarah C Calaghan
- School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Leeds, Leeds LS2 9JT, UK
| | - Chris Peers
- Leeds Institute of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Medicine, University of Leeds, Leeds LS2 9JT, UK
| | - Derek S Steele
- School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Leeds, Leeds LS2 9JT, UK.
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17
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Pass R, Frudd K, Barnett JP, Blindauer CA, Brown DR. Prion infection in cells is abolished by a mutated manganese transporter but shows no relation to zinc. Mol Cell Neurosci 2015; 68:186-93. [PMID: 26253862 DOI: 10.1016/j.mcn.2015.08.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2015] [Revised: 07/27/2015] [Accepted: 08/03/2015] [Indexed: 10/23/2022] Open
Abstract
The cellular prion protein has been identified as a metalloprotein that binds copper. There have been some suggestions that prion protein also influences zinc and manganese homeostasis. In this study we used a series of cell lines to study the levels of zinc and manganese under different conditions. We overexpressed either the prion protein or known transporters for zinc and manganese to determine relations between the prion protein and both manganese and zinc homeostasis. Our observations supported neither a link between the prion protein and zinc metabolism nor any effect of altered zinc levels on prion protein expression or cellular infection with prions. In contrast we found that a gain of function mutant of a manganese transporter caused reduction of manganese levels in prion infected cells, loss of observable PrP(Sc) in cells and resistance to prion infection. These studies strengthen the link between manganese and prion disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rachel Pass
- Department of Biology and Biochemistry, University of Bath, Bath, UK
| | - Karen Frudd
- Department of Biology and Biochemistry, University of Bath, Bath, UK
| | - James P Barnett
- Department of Chemistry, University of Warwick, Coventry, UK
| | | | - David R Brown
- Department of Biology and Biochemistry, University of Bath, Bath, UK.
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18
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Differential calcium handling by the cis and trans regions of the Golgi apparatus. Biochem J 2015; 466:455-65. [PMID: 25511127 DOI: 10.1042/bj20141358] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
High Ca2+ content in the Golgi apparatus (Go) is essential for protein processing and sorting. In addition, the Go can shape the cytosolic Ca2+ signals by releasing or sequestering Ca2+. We generated two new aequorin-based Ca2+ probes to specifically measure Ca2+ in the cis/cis-to-medial-Go (cGo) or the trans-Go (tGo). Ca2+ homoeostasis in these compartments and in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) has been studied and compared. Moreover, the relative size of each subcompartment was estimated from aequorin consumption. We found that the cGo accumulates Ca2+ to high concentrations (150-300 μM) through the sarco plasmic/endoplasmic reticulum Ca2+-ATPase (SERCA). The tGo, in turn, is divided into two subcompartments: tGo1 and tGo2. The subcompartment tGo1 contains 20% of the aequorin and has a high internal [Ca2+]; Ca2+ is accumulated in this subcompartment via the secretory pathway Ca2+-ATPase 1 (SPCA-1) at a very high affinity (K50=30 nM). The subcompartment tGo2 contains 80% of aequorin, has a lower [Ca2+] and no SPCA-1 activity; Ca2+ uptake happens through SERCA and is slower than in tGo1. The two tGo subcompartments, tGo1 and tGo2, are diffusionally isolated. Inositol trisphosphate mobilizes Ca2+ from the cGo and tGo2, but not from tGo1, whereas caffeine releases Ca2+ from all the Golgi regions, and nicotinic acid dinucleotide phosphate and cADP ribose from none.
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19
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Xing XS, Wang Z, Liu S, Wu YH, Zhang SF, Wang SS, Luo Y. Three novel mutations of the ATP2C1 gene in Chinese families with Hailey-Hailey disease. J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol 2015; 30:1057-9. [PMID: 25845280 DOI: 10.1111/jdv.13107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- X-S Xing
- The Research Center for Medical Genomics, Key Laboratory of Cell Biology, Ministry of Public Health, Key Laboratory of Medical Cell Biology, Ministry of Education, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Z Wang
- Department of Dermatology, Shenyang No. 7 People's Hospital, Shenyang, China
| | - S Liu
- The Research Center for Medical Genomics, Key Laboratory of Cell Biology, Ministry of Public Health, Key Laboratory of Medical Cell Biology, Ministry of Education, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Y-H Wu
- The Research Center for Medical Genomics, Key Laboratory of Cell Biology, Ministry of Public Health, Key Laboratory of Medical Cell Biology, Ministry of Education, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - S-F Zhang
- Department of Dermatology, General Hospital of Shenyang Military Region, Shenyang, China
| | - S-S Wang
- The Research Center for Medical Genomics, Key Laboratory of Cell Biology, Ministry of Public Health, Key Laboratory of Medical Cell Biology, Ministry of Education, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Y Luo
- The Research Center for Medical Genomics, Key Laboratory of Cell Biology, Ministry of Public Health, Key Laboratory of Medical Cell Biology, Ministry of Education, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
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20
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Borghi A, Rimessi A, Minghetti S, Corazza M, Pinton P, Virgili A. Efficacy of magnesium chloride in the treatment of Hailey-Hailey disease: from serendipity to evidence of its effect on intracellular Ca(2+) homeostasis. Int J Dermatol 2014; 54:543-8. [PMID: 25430969 DOI: 10.1111/ijd.12410] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Hailey-Hailey disease (HHD), also known as familial benign chronic pemphigus, is a rare autosomal dominant inherited intraepidermal blistering genodermatosis. Mutations in the ATP2C1 gene encoding for the Golgi secretory pathway Ca(2+) /Mn(2+) -ATPasi protein 1 (SPCA1) affect the processing of desmosomal components and the epidermal suprabasal cell-cell adhesion by deregulating the keratinocyte cytosolic Ca(2+) concentration. We report the unexpected, dramatic, and persistent clinical improvement of the skin lesions of a patient affected with longstanding HHD with daily intake of a solution containing magnesium chloride hexahydrate (MgCl2 ). MATERIALS AND METHODS We investigated the effect of MgCl2 on the intracellular Ca(2+) homeostasis and on the activity of particular Ca(2+) -effectors in HeLa cells transfected with chimeric aequorins (cytAEQ, mtAEQ, erAEQ and GoAEQ) targeted to different subcellular compartments (cytosol, mitochondria, endoplasmic reticulum, and Golgi, respectively). RESULTS Experimental investigations on HeLa cells showed the effect of MgCl2 on the function of Ca(2+) -extrusor systems, resulting in increased cytosolic and mitochondrial Ca(2+) levels, without altering the mechanisms of intraluminal Ca(2+) -filling and Ca(2+) -release of stores. CONCLUSIONS Based on our clinical observation and experimental results, it can be hypothesized that MgCl2 could act as an inhibitor of the Ca(2+) -extruding activity in keratinocytes favoring intracellular Ca(2+) -disponibility and Ca(2+) -dependent mechanisms in desmosome assembly. This may represent the molecular basis of the good response of the HHD clinical features with MgCl2 solution in the patient described.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alessandro Borghi
- Department of Medical Sciences, Section of Dermatology, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
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21
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Gilon P, Chae HY, Rutter GA, Ravier MA. Calcium signaling in pancreatic β-cells in health and in Type 2 diabetes. Cell Calcium 2014; 56:340-61. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ceca.2014.09.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 116] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2014] [Revised: 08/26/2014] [Accepted: 09/01/2014] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
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22
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Abstract
Ca(2+)-ATPases (pumps) are key to the regulation of Ca(2+) in eukaryotic cells: nine are known today, belonging to three multigene families. The three endo(sarco)plasmic reticulum (SERCA) and the four plasma membrane (PMCA) pumps have been known for decades, the two Secretory Pathway Ca(2+) ATPase (SPCA) pumps have only become known recently. The number of pump isoforms is further increased by alternative splicing processes. The three pump types share the basic features of the catalytic mechanism, but differ in a number of properties related to tissue distribution, regulation, and role in the cellular homeostasis of Ca(2+). The molecular understanding of the function of all pumps has received great impetus from the solution of the three-dimensional (3D) structure of one of them, the SERCA pump. This landmark structural advance has been accompanied by the emergence and rapid expansion of the area of pump malfunction. Most of the pump defects described so far are genetic and produce subtler, often tissue and isoform specific, disturbances that affect individual components of the Ca(2+)-controlling and/or processing machinery, compellingly indicating a specialized role for each Ca(2+) pump type and/or isoform.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marisa Brini
- Department of Comparative Biomedicine and Food Science, University of Padova, Legnaro Padova, Italy.
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23
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Zheng C, Page RC, Das V, Nix JC, Wigren E, Misra S, Zhang B. Structural characterization of carbohydrate binding by LMAN1 protein provides new insight into the endoplasmic reticulum export of factors V (FV) and VIII (FVIII). J Biol Chem 2013; 288:20499-509. [PMID: 23709226 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m113.461434] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
LMAN1 (ERGIC-53) is a key mammalian cargo receptor responsible for the export of a subset of glycoproteins from the endoplasmic reticulum. Together with its soluble coreceptor MCFD2, LMAN1 transports coagulation factors V (FV) and VIII (FVIII). Mutations in LMAN1 or MCFD2 cause the genetic bleeding disorder combined deficiency of FV and FVIII (F5F8D). The LMAN1 carbohydrate recognition domain (CRD) binds to both glycoprotein cargo and MCFD2 in a Ca(2+)-dependent manner. To understand the biochemical basis and regulation of LMAN1 binding to glycoprotein cargo, we solved crystal structures of the LMAN1-CRD bound to Man-α-1,2-Man, the terminal carbohydrate moiety of high mannose glycans. Our structural data, combined with mutagenesis and in vitro binding assays, define the central mannose-binding site on LMAN1 and pinpoint histidine 178 and glycines 251/252 as critical residues for FV/FVIII binding. We also show that mannobiose binding is relatively independent of pH in the range relevant for endoplasmic reticulum-to-Golgi traffic, but is sensitive to lowered Ca(2+) concentrations. The distinct LMAN1/MCFD2 interaction is maintained at these lowered Ca(2+) concentrations. Our results suggest that compartmental changes in Ca(2+) concentration regulate glycoprotein cargo binding and release from the LMAN1·MCFD2 complex in the early secretory pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chunlei Zheng
- Genomic Medicine Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio 44195, USA
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24
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Wang J, Zhou G, Ying SH, Feng MG. P-type calcium ATPase functions as a core regulator of Beauveria bassiana growth, conidiation and responses to multiple stressful stimuli through cross-talk with signalling networks. Environ Microbiol 2012. [PMID: 23206243 DOI: 10.1111/1462-2920.12044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
P-type Ca(2+) -ATPase (Pmr1) is a core element in calcium-calcineurin pathway and evidence for its cross-talk with other signalling pathways in filamentous fungi is of scarcity. Here, we characterized the striking functions of a Golgi Ca(2+) -ATPase (Bbpmr1) in Beauveria bassiana (fungal entomopathogen) by multi-phenotypic and transcriptional analyses under normal and stressful conditions. Bbpmr1 inactivation caused severe defects in nutritional uptake, growth, conidiation and germination under normal conditions, drastic reductions in cell tolerances to oxidative, hyperosmotic, cell wall disturbing and fungicidal stresses and toxic metal ions during colony growth and/or conidial germination, and half loss of the fungal biocontrol potential represented by conidial virulence, thermotolerance and UV-B resistance. Accompanied with the multi-phenotypic defects, four important genes associated with asexual development were repressed by ≥ 75% in ΔBbpmr1 versus wild type, and all or most of stress-responsive genes encoding 14 cascaded proteins in MAPK pathways, two Ras GTPases, two protein kinases, Ssk1-type response regulator, TOR signalling protein, and many downstream enzymes and proteins were greatly downregulated in ΔBbpmr1 under the chemical stresses. Conclusively, Bbpmr1 regulates positively fundamental aspects on B. bassiana biology and environmental adaptation through wide cross-talk with cellular signalling networks including MAPK cascades and those upstream or independent of the cascades.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Wang
- Institute of Microbiology, College of Life Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, Zhejiang, China
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25
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Cancino J, Luini A. Signaling Circuits on the Golgi Complex. Traffic 2012; 14:121-34. [DOI: 10.1111/tra.12022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2012] [Revised: 10/12/2012] [Accepted: 10/12/2012] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
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26
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Nikoletopoulou V, Tavernarakis N. Calcium homeostasis in aging neurons. Front Genet 2012; 3:200. [PMID: 23060904 PMCID: PMC3462315 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2012.00200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 74] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2012] [Accepted: 09/19/2012] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The nervous system becomes increasingly vulnerable to insults and prone to dysfunction during aging. Age-related decline of neuronal function is manifested by the late onset of many neurodegenerative disorders, as well as by reduced signaling and processing capacity of individual neuron populations. Recent findings indicate that impairment of Ca(2+) homeostasis underlies the increased susceptibility of neurons to damage, associated with the aging process. However, the impact of aging on Ca(2+) homeostasis in neurons remains largely unknown. Here, we survey the molecular mechanisms that mediate neuronal Ca(2+) homeostasis and discuss the impact of aging on their efficacy. To address the question of how aging impinges on Ca(2+) homeostasis, we consider potential nodes through which mechanisms regulating Ca(2+) levels interface with molecular pathways known to influence the process of aging and senescent decline. Delineation of this crosstalk would facilitate the development of interventions aiming to fortify neurons against age-associated functional deterioration and death by augmenting Ca(2+) homeostasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vassiliki Nikoletopoulou
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, Foundation for Research and Technology - Hellas Heraklion, Crete, Greece
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27
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Abstract
The stromal interaction molecules STIM1 and STIM2 are Ca2+ sensors, mostly located in the endoplasmic reticulum, that detect changes in the intraluminal Ca2+ concentration and communicate this information to plasma membrane store-operated channels, including members of the Orai family, thus mediating store-operated Ca2+ entry (SOCE). Orai and STIM proteins are almost ubiquitously expressed in human cells, where SOCE has been reported to play a relevant functional role. The phenotype of patients bearing mutations in STIM and Orai proteins, together with models of STIM or Orai deficiency in mice, as well as other organisms such as Drosophila melanogaster, have provided compelling evidence on the relevant role of these proteins in cellular physiology and pathology. Orai1-deficient patients suffer from severe immunodeficiency, congenital myopathy, chronic pulmonary disease, anhydrotic ectodermal dysplasia and defective dental enamel calcification. STIM1-deficient patients showed similar abnormalities, as well as autoimmune disorders. This review summarizes the current evidence that identifies and explains diseases induced by disturbances in SOCE due to deficiencies or mutations in Orai and STIM proteins.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Berna-Erro
- Department of Physiology, University of Extremadura, Cáceres, Spain
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28
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Sepúlveda MR, Dresselaers T, Vangheluwe P, Everaerts W, Himmelreich U, Mata AM, Wuytack F. Evaluation of manganese uptake and toxicity in mouse brain during continuous MnCl2 administration using osmotic pumps. CONTRAST MEDIA & MOLECULAR IMAGING 2012; 7:426-34. [DOI: 10.1002/cmmi.1469] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Affiliation(s)
| | - T. Dresselaers
- Biomedical NMR Unit/ MoSAIC, Department of Imaging and Pathology of Medical Diagnostic Sciences, Faculty of Medicine; Katholieke Universiteit Leuven; Leuven; Belgium
| | - P. Vangheluwe
- Laboratory of Cellular Transport Systems; Department of. Molecular Cell Biology; Faculty of Medicine; Katholieke Universiteit Leuven; Leuven; Belgium
| | - W. Everaerts
- Laboratory of Experimental Urology; Department of Surgery; Faculty of Medicine; Katholieke Universiteit Leuven; Leuven; Belgium
| | - U. Himmelreich
- Biomedical NMR Unit/ MoSAIC, Department of Imaging and Pathology of Medical Diagnostic Sciences, Faculty of Medicine; Katholieke Universiteit Leuven; Leuven; Belgium
| | - A. M. Mata
- Departamento de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular y Genética; Facultad de Ciencias; Universidad de Extremadura; Badajoz; Spain
| | - F. Wuytack
- Laboratory of Cellular Transport Systems; Department of. Molecular Cell Biology; Faculty of Medicine; Katholieke Universiteit Leuven; Leuven; Belgium
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Zampese E, Pizzo P. Intracellular organelles in the saga of Ca2+ homeostasis: different molecules for different purposes? Cell Mol Life Sci 2012; 69:1077-104. [PMID: 21968921 PMCID: PMC11114864 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-011-0845-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2011] [Revised: 09/15/2011] [Accepted: 09/19/2011] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
An increase in the concentration of cytosolic free Ca(2+) is a key component regulating different cellular processes ranging from egg fertilization, active secretion and movement, to cell differentiation and death. The multitude of phenomena modulated by Ca(2+), however, do not simply rely on increases/decreases in its concentration, but also on specific timing, shape and sub-cellular localization of its signals that, combined together, provide a huge versatility in Ca(2+) signaling. Intracellular organelles and their Ca(2+) handling machineries exert key roles in this complex and precise mechanism, and this review will try to depict a map of Ca(2+) routes inside cells, highlighting the uniqueness of the different Ca(2+) toolkit components and the complexity of the interactions between them.
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Affiliation(s)
- Enrico Zampese
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Padova, Viale G. Colombo 3, 35121 Padova, Italy
| | - Paola Pizzo
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Padova, Viale G. Colombo 3, 35121 Padova, Italy
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30
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Micaroni M. Calcium around the Golgi apparatus: implications for intracellular membrane trafficking. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2012; 740:439-60. [PMID: 22453953 DOI: 10.1007/978-94-007-2888-2_18] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
As with other complex cellular functions, intracellular membrane transport involves the coordinated engagement of a series of organelles and machineries; in the last couple of decades more importance has been given to the role of calcium (Ca(2+)) in the regulation of membrane trafficking, which is directly involved in coordinating the endoplasmic reticulum-to-Golgi-to-plasma membrane delivery of cargo. Consequently, the Golgi apparatus (GA) is now considered not just the place proteins mature in as they move to their final destination(s), but it is increasingly viewed as an intracellular Ca(2+) store. In the last few years the mechanisms regulating the homeostasis of Ca(2+) in the GA and its role in membrane trafficking have begun to be elucidated. Here, these recent discoveries that shed light on the role Ca(2+) plays as of trigger of different steps during membrane trafficking has been reviewed. This includes recruitment of proteins and SNARE cofactors to the Golgi membranes, which are both fundamental for the membrane remodeling and the regulation of fusion/fission events occurring during the passage of cargo across the GA. I conclude by focusing attention on Ca(2+) homeostasis dysfunctions in the GA and their related pathological implications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Massimo Micaroni
- Division of Molecular Cell Biology, Institute for Molecular Bioscience, The University of Queensland, 306 Carmody Road, 4072 Brisbane, St. Lucia, QLD, Australia.
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31
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The Role of the Golgi-Resident SPCA Ca2+/Mn2+ Pump in Ionic Homeostasis and Neural Function. Neurochem Res 2011; 37:455-68. [DOI: 10.1007/s11064-011-0644-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2011] [Revised: 10/28/2011] [Accepted: 11/02/2011] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
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32
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Ca2+ signalling in the Golgi apparatus. Cell Calcium 2011; 50:184-92. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ceca.2011.01.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 99] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2010] [Revised: 01/11/2011] [Accepted: 01/12/2011] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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33
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Vandecaetsbeek I, Vangheluwe P, Raeymaekers L, Wuytack F, Vanoevelen J. The Ca2+ pumps of the endoplasmic reticulum and Golgi apparatus. Cold Spring Harb Perspect Biol 2011; 3:cshperspect.a004184. [PMID: 21441596 DOI: 10.1101/cshperspect.a004184] [Citation(s) in RCA: 154] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
The various splice variants of the three SERCA- and the two SPCA-pump genes in higher vertebrates encode P-type ATPases of the P(2A) group found respectively in the membranes of the endoplasmic reticulum and the secretory pathway. Of these, SERCA2b and SPCA1a represent the housekeeping isoforms. The SERCA2b form is characterized by a luminal carboxy terminus imposing a higher affinity for cytosolic Ca(2+) compared to the other SERCAs. This is mediated by intramembrane and luminal interactions of this extension with the pump. Other known affinity modulators like phospholamban and sarcolipin decrease the affinity for Ca(2+). The number of proteins reported to interact with SERCA is rapidly growing. Here, we limit the discussion to those for which the interaction site with the ATPase is specified: HAX-1, calumenin, histidine-rich Ca(2+)-binding protein, and indirectly calreticulin, calnexin, and ERp57. The role of the phylogenetically older and structurally simpler SPCAs as transporters of Ca(2+), but also of Mn(2+), is also addressed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ilse Vandecaetsbeek
- Laboratory of Ca-transport ATPases, Department of Molecular Cell Biology, K.U. Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
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Thapsigargin affinity purification of intracellular P2A-type Ca2+ ATPases. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-MOLECULAR CELL RESEARCH 2011; 1813:1118-27. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbamcr.2010.12.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2010] [Revised: 12/22/2010] [Accepted: 12/23/2010] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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35
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Shull GE, Miller ML, Prasad V. Secretory pathway stress responses as possible mechanisms of disease involving Golgi Ca2+ pump dysfunction. Biofactors 2011; 37:150-8. [PMID: 21674634 PMCID: PMC3338190 DOI: 10.1002/biof.141] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2010] [Accepted: 12/15/2010] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
In mammalian tissues, uptake of Ca(2+) and Mn(2+) by Golgi membranes is mediated by the secretory pathway Ca(2+) -ATPases, SPCA1 and SPCA2, encoded by the ATP2C1 and ATP2C2 genes. Loss of one copy of the ATP2C1 gene, which causes SPCA1 haploinsufficiency, leads to squamous cell tumors of keratinized epithelia in mice and to Hailey-Hailey disease, an acantholytic skin disease, in humans. Although the disease phenotypes resulting from SPCA1 haploinsufficiency in mice and humans are quite different, each species-specific phenotype is remarkably similar to those arising as a result of null mutations in one copy of the ATP2A2 gene, encoding SERCA2, the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) Ca(2+) pump. SERCA2 haploinsufficiency, like SPCA1 haploinsufficiency, causes squamous cell tumors in mice and Darier's disease, also an acantholytic skin disease, in humans. The phenotypic similarities between SPCA1 and SERCA2 haploinsufficiency in the two species, and the general functions of the two pumps in consecutive compartments of the secretory pathway, suggest that the underlying disease mechanisms are similar. In this review, we discuss evidence supporting the view that chronic Golgi stress and/or ER stress resulting from Ca(2+) pump haploinsufficiencies leads to activation of cellular stress responses in keratinocytes, with the predominance of proapoptotic pathways (although not necessarily apoptosis itself) leading to acantholytic skin disease in humans and the predominance of prosurvival pathways leading to tumors in mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gary E Shull
- Department of Molecular Genetics, Biochemistry and Microbiology, University of Cincinnati, College of Medicine, OH, USA.
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36
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Jiang Z, Hu Z, Zeng L, Lu W, Zhang H, Li T, Xiao H. The role of the Golgi apparatus in oxidative stress: is this organelle less significant than mitochondria? Free Radic Biol Med 2011; 50:907-17. [PMID: 21241794 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2011.01.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 80] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2010] [Revised: 12/30/2010] [Accepted: 01/08/2011] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
Reactive oxygen species (ROS)/reactive nitrogen species (RNS) and ROS/RNS-mediated oxidative stress have well-established roles in many physiological and pathological processes and are associated with the pathogenesis of many diseases, such as hypertension, ischemia/reperfusion injury, diabetes mellitus, atherosclerosis, stroke, cancer, and neurodegenerative disorders. It is generally accepted that mitochondria play an essential role in oxidative stress because they are responsible for the primary generation of superoxide radicals. Little attention, however, has been paid to the importance of the Golgi apparatus (GA) in this process. The GA is a pivotal organelle in cell metabolism and participates in modifying, sorting, and packaging macromolecules for cell secretion or use within the cell. It is inevitably involved in the process of oxidative stress, which can cause modification and damage of lipids, proteins, DNA, and other structural constituents. Here we discuss the connections between the GA and oxidative stress and highlight the role of the GA in oxidative stress-related Ca(2+)/Mn(2+) homeostasis, cell apoptosis, sphingolipid metabolism, signal transduction, and antioxidation. We also provide a novel perspective on the subcellular significance of oxidative stress and its pathological implications and present "GA stress" as a new concept to explain the GA-specific stress response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zheng Jiang
- Department of Neurology, Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410011, China
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37
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Micaroni M, Mironov AA. Roles of Ca and secretory pathway Ca-ATPase pump type 1 (SPCA1) in intra-Golgi transport. Commun Integr Biol 2010; 3:504-7. [PMID: 21331225 DOI: 10.4161/cib.3.6.13211] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2010] [Accepted: 07/30/2010] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Mechanisms for intra-Golgi transport remain a hotly debated topic. Recently, we published data illuminating a new aspect involved in intra-Golgi transport, namely a release of free cytosolic Ca(2+) ([Ca(2+)](cyt)) from the lumen of Golgi cisternae that is fundamental for the secretion and the progression of newly synthesized proteins through the Golgi apparatus (GA). This increase in [Ca(2+)](cyt) during the late stage of synchronous intra-Golgi transport stimulates the fusion of membranes containing cargo proteins and Golgi cisternae, allowing the progression of proteins through the GA. Subsequent restoration of the basal [Ca(2+)](cyt) is also important for the delivery of cargo to the proper final destination. Additionally, the secretory pathway Ca(2+)-ATPase Ca(2+) pump (SPCA1) plays an essential role at this stage. The fine regulation of membrane fusion is also important for the formation and the maintenance of the Golgi ribbon and SPCA1, which regulates [Ca(2+)](cyt) levels, can be considered a controller of trafficking. This evidence contradicts a model of intra-Golgi transport in which permanent membrane continuity allows cargo diffusion and progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Massimo Micaroni
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology; institute for Molecular Bioscience; The University of Queensland; Brisbane, QLD Australia
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38
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Grice DM, Vetter I, Faddy HM, Kenny PA, Roberts-Thomson SJ, Monteith GR. Golgi calcium pump secretory pathway calcium ATPase 1 (SPCA1) is a key regulator of insulin-like growth factor receptor (IGF1R) processing in the basal-like breast cancer cell line MDA-MB-231. J Biol Chem 2010; 285:37458-66. [PMID: 20837466 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m110.163329] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Calcium signaling is a key regulator of pathways important in tumor progression, such as proliferation and apoptosis. Most studies assessing altered calcium homeostasis in cancer cells have focused on alterations mediated through changes in cytoplasmic free calcium levels. Here, we show that basal-like breast cancers are characterized by an alteration in the secretory pathway calcium ATPase 1 (SPCA1), a calcium pump localized to the Golgi. Inhibition of SPCA1 in MDA-MB-231 cells produced pronounced changes in cell proliferation and morphology in three-dimensional culture, without alterations in sensitivity to endoplasmic reticulum stress induction or changes in global calcium signaling. Instead, the effects of SPCA1 inhibition in MDA-MB-231 cells reside in altered regulation of calcium-dependent enzymes located in the secretory pathway, such as proprotein convertases. Inhibition of SPCA1 produced a pronounced alteration in the processing of insulin-like growth factor receptor (IGF1R), with significantly reduced levels of functional IGF1Rβ and accumulation of the inactive trans-Golgi network pro-IGF1R form. These studies identify for the first time a calcium transporter associated with the basal-like breast cancer subtype. The pronounced effects of SPCA1 inhibition on the processing of IGF1R in MDA-MB-231 cells independent of alterations in global calcium signaling also demonstrate that some calcium transporters can regulate the processing of proteins important in tumor progression without major alterations in cytosolic calcium signaling. Inhibitors of SPCA1 may offer an alternative strategy to direct inhibitors of IGF1R and attenuate the processing of other proprotein convertase substrates important in basal breast cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Desma M Grice
- School of Pharmacy, University of Queensland, Brisbane 4072, Australia
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39
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Micaroni M, Perinetti G, Berrie CP, Mironov AA. The SPCA1 Ca2+ Pump and Intracellular Membrane Trafficking. Traffic 2010; 11:1315-33. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1600-0854.2010.01096.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
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40
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Unique characteristics of Ca2+ homeostasis of the trans-Golgi compartment. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2010; 107:9198-203. [PMID: 20439740 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1004702107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 91] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Taking advantage of a fluorescent Ca(2+) indicator selectively targeted to the trans-Golgi lumen, we here demonstrate that its Ca(2+) homeostatic mechanisms are distinct from those of the other Golgi subcompartments: (i) Ca(2+) uptake depends exclusively on the activity of the secretory pathway Ca(2+) ATPase1 (SPCA1), whereas the sarco-endoplasmic reticulum Ca(2+) ATPase (SERCA) is excluded; (ii) IP(3) generated by receptor stimulation causes Ca(2+) uptake rather than release; (iii) Ca(2+) release can be triggered by activation of ryanodine receptors in cells endowed with robust expression of the latter channels (e.g., in neonatal cardiac myocyte). Finally, we show that, knocking down the SPCA1, and thus altering the trans-Golgi Ca(2+) content, specific functions associated with this subcompartment, such as sorting of proteins to the plasma membrane through the secretory pathway, and the structure of the entire Golgi apparatus are dramatically altered.
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41
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The secretory pathway Ca(2+)-ATPase 1 is associated with cholesterol-rich microdomains of human colon adenocarcinoma cells. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-BIOMEMBRANES 2010; 1798:1512-21. [PMID: 20363212 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbamem.2010.03.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2009] [Revised: 03/05/2010] [Accepted: 03/25/2010] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Lipid rafts are often considered as microdomains enriched in sphingomyelin and cholesterol, predominantly residing in the plasma membrane but which originate in earlier compartments of the cellular secretory pathway. Within this pathway, the membranes of the Golgi complex represent a transition stage between the cholesterol-poor membranes of the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) and the cholesterol-rich plasma membrane. The rafts are related to detergent-resistant membranes, which because of their ordered structure are poorly penetrated by cold non-ionic detergents and float in density gradient centrifugation. In this study the microdomain niche of the Golgi-resident SPCA Ca(2+)/Mn(2+) pumps was investigated in HT29 cells by Triton X-100 detergent extraction and density-gradient centrifugation. Similarly to cholesterol and the raft-resident flotillin-2, SPCA1 was found mainly in detergent-resistant fractions, while SERCA3 was detergent-soluble. Furthermore, cholesterol depletion of cells resulted in redistribution of flotillin-2 and SPCA1 to the detergent-soluble fractions of the density gradient. Additionally, the time course of solubilization by Triton X-100 was investigated in live COS-1 and HT29 cells expressing fluorescent SERCA2b, SPCA1d or SPCA2. In both cell types, the ER-resident SERCA2b protein was gradually solubilized, while SPCA1d resisted to detergent solubilization. SPCA2 was more sensitive to detergent extraction than SPCA1d. To investigate the functional impact of cholesterol on SPCA1, ATPase activity was monitored. Depletion of cholesterol inhibited the activity of SPCA1d, while SERCA2b function was not altered. From these results we conclude that SPCA1 is associated with cholesterol-rich domains of HT29 cells and that the cholesterol-rich environment is essential for the functioning of the pump.
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42
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Sun W, Jin J, Xu R, Hu W, Szulc ZM, Bielawski J, Obeid LM, Mao C. Substrate specificity, membrane topology, and activity regulation of human alkaline ceramidase 2 (ACER2). J Biol Chem 2010; 285:8995-9007. [PMID: 20089856 PMCID: PMC2838321 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m109.069203] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2009] [Revised: 01/14/2010] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Human alkaline ceramidase 2 (ACER2) plays an important role in cellular responses by regulating the hydrolysis of ceramides in cells. Here we report its biochemical characterization, membrane topology, and activity regulation. Recombinant ACER2 was expressed in yeast mutant cells (Deltaypc1Deltaydc1) that lack endogenous ceramidase activity, and microsomes from ACER2-expressiong yeast cells were used to biochemically characterize ACER2. ACER2 catalyzed the hydrolysis of various ceramides and followed Michaelis-Menten kinetics. ACER2 required Ca(2+) for both its in vitro and cellular activities. ACER2 has 7 putative transmembrane domains, and its amino (N) and carboxyl (C) termini were found to be oriented in the lumen of the Golgi complex and cytosol, respectively. ACER2 mutant (ACER2DeltaN36) lacking the N-terminal tail (the first 36 amino acid residues) exhibited undetectable activity and was mislocalized to the endoplasmic reticulum, suggesting that the N-terminal tail is necessary for both ACER2 activity and Golgi localization. ACER2 mutant (ACER2DeltaN13) lacking the first 13 residues was also mislocalized to the endoplasmic reticulum although it retained ceramidase activity. Overexpression of ACER2, ACER2DeltaN13, but not ACER2DeltaN36 increased the release of sphingosine 1-phosphate from cells, suggesting that its mislocalization does not affect the ability of ACER2 to regulate sphingosine 1-phosphate secretion. However, overexpression of ACER2 but not ACER2DeltaN13 or ACER2DeltaN36 inhibited the glycosylation of integrin beta1 subunit and Lamp1, suggesting that its mistargeting abolishes the ability of ACER2 to regulation protein glycosylation. These data suggest that ACER2 has broad substrate specificity and requires Ca(2+) for its activity and that ACER2 has the cytosolic C terminus and luminal N terminus, which are essential for its activity, correct cellular localization, and regulation for protein glycosylation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Sun
- From the Departments of Medicine and
| | | | | | - Wei Hu
- From the Departments of Medicine and
| | | | | | - Lina M. Obeid
- From the Departments of Medicine and
- Biochemistry and Molecular Biology and
- the Ralph H. Johnson Veterans Affairs Hospital, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina 29425
| | - Cungui Mao
- From the Departments of Medicine and
- Biochemistry and Molecular Biology and
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Silencing the SPCA1 (secretory pathway Ca2+-ATPase isoform 1) impairs Ca2+ homeostasis in the Golgi and disturbs neural polarity. J Neurosci 2009; 29:12174-82. [PMID: 19793975 DOI: 10.1523/jneurosci.2014-09.2009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Neural cell differentiation involves a complex regulatory signal transduction network in which Ca(2+) ions and the secretory pathway play pivotal roles. The secretory pathway Ca(2+)-ATPase isoform 1 (SPCA1) is found in the Golgi apparatus where it is actively involved in the transport of Ca(2+) or Mn(2+) from the cytosol to the Golgi lumen. Its expression during brain development in different types of neurons has been documented recently, which raises the possibility that SPCA1 contributes to neuronal differentiation. In the present study, we investigated the potential impact of SPCA1 on neuronal polarization both in a cell line and in primary neuronal culture. In N2a neuroblastoma cells, SPCA1 was immunocytochemically localized in the juxtanuclear Golgi. Knockdown of SPCA1 by RNA interference markedly delayed the differentiation in these cells. The cells retarded in differentiation showed increased numbers of neurites of reduced length compared with control cells. Ca(2+) imaging assays showed that the lack of SPCA1 impaired Golgi Ca(2+) homeostasis and resulted in disturbed trafficking of different classes of proteins including normally Golgi-localized cameleon GT-YC3.3, bearing a Golgi-specific galactosyltransferase N terminus, and a normally plasma membrane-targeted, glycosyl phosphatidyl inositol-anchored cyan fluorescent protein construct. Also in hippocampal primary neurons, which showed a differential distribution of SPCA1 expression in Golgi stacks depending on differentiation stage, partial silencing of SPCA1 resulted in delayed differentiation, whereas total suppression drastically affected the cell survival. The disturbed overall cellular Ca(2+) homeostasis and/or the altered targeting of organellar proteins under conditions of SPCA1 knockdown highlight the importance of SPCA1 function for normal neural differentiation.
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Abstract
Ca2+-ATPases (pumps) are key actors in the regulation of Ca2+ in eukaryotic cells and are thus essential to the correct functioning of the cell machinery. They have high affinity for Ca2+ and can efficiently regulate it down to very low concentration levels. Two of the pumps have been known for decades (the SERCA and PMCA pumps); one (the SPCA pump) has only become known recently. Each pump is the product of a multigene family, the number of isoforms being further increased by alternative splicing of the primary transcripts. The three pumps share the basic features of the catalytic mechanism but differ in a number of properties related to tissue distribution, regulation, and role in the cellular homeostasis of Ca2+. The molecular understanding of the function of the pumps has received great impetus from the solution of the three-dimensional structure of one of them, the SERCA pump. These spectacular advances in the structure and molecular mechanism of the pumps have been accompanied by the emergence and rapid expansion of the topic of pump malfunction, which has paralleled the rapid expansion of knowledge in the topic of Ca2+-signaling dysfunction. Most of the pump defects described so far are genetic: when they are very severe, they produce gross and global disturbances of Ca2+ homeostasis that are incompatible with cell life. However, pump defects may also be of a type that produce subtler, often tissue-specific disturbances that affect individual components of the Ca2+-controlling and/or processing machinery. They do not bring cells to immediate death but seriously compromise their normal functioning.
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45
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Vangheluwe P, Sepúlveda MR, Missiaen L, Raeymaekers L, Wuytack F, Vanoevelen J. Intracellular Ca2+- and Mn2+-Transport ATPases. Chem Rev 2009; 109:4733-59. [DOI: 10.1021/cr900013m] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Peter Vangheluwe
- Laboratory of Ca2+-transport ATPases and Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Signaling, Department of Molecular Cell Biology, Katholieke Universiteit Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - M. Rosario Sepúlveda
- Laboratory of Ca2+-transport ATPases and Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Signaling, Department of Molecular Cell Biology, Katholieke Universiteit Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Ludwig Missiaen
- Laboratory of Ca2+-transport ATPases and Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Signaling, Department of Molecular Cell Biology, Katholieke Universiteit Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Luc Raeymaekers
- Laboratory of Ca2+-transport ATPases and Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Signaling, Department of Molecular Cell Biology, Katholieke Universiteit Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Frank Wuytack
- Laboratory of Ca2+-transport ATPases and Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Signaling, Department of Molecular Cell Biology, Katholieke Universiteit Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Jo Vanoevelen
- Laboratory of Ca2+-transport ATPases and Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Signaling, Department of Molecular Cell Biology, Katholieke Universiteit Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
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Baron S, Struyf S, Wuytack F, Van Damme J, Missiaen L, Raeymaekers L, Vanoevelen J. Contribution of intracellular Ca2+ stores to Ca2+ signaling during chemokinesis of human neutrophil granulocytes. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-MOLECULAR CELL RESEARCH 2008; 1793:1041-9. [PMID: 19095014 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbamcr.2008.11.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2008] [Revised: 11/06/2008] [Accepted: 11/16/2008] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
Extracellular agonists increase the cytosolic free Ca2+ concentration ([Ca2+]c) by Ca2+ influx and by stimulating Ca2+ release from intracellular stores, mainly the endoplasmic reticulum and to a lesser extent also later compartments of the secretory pathway, particularly the Golgi. The Golgi takes up Ca2+ via Sarco/Endoplasmic Reticulum Ca2+ATPases (SERCAs) and the Secretory-Pathway Ca2+ATPases (SPCAs). The endogenous expression of SERCAs and SPCAs neutrophils was demonstrated by Western blotting and immunocytochemistry. Up till now, all cytosolic Ca2+ transients due to intracellular Ca2+ release have been found to originate from SERCA-dependent stores. We found that human neutrophils also present Ca2+ release from a SERCA-independent store. Changes in [Ca2+]c of neutrophils were investigated during chemokinesis induced by chemotactic factors in Ca2+-free solution with and without the SERCA-specific inhibitor thapsigargin. Using N-formyl-methionyl-leucyl-phenylalanine or interleukin-8 as agonists, Ca2+ release from intracellular stores was observed in respectively about 40% and 20% of the neutrophils pre-treated with Ca2+-free solution and thapsigargin. In the latter condition, 20-30% of the cells preserved migratory behaviour. These results indicate that both SERCA-dependent and SERCA-independent (presumably SPCA-dependent) intracellular Ca2+ stores contribute to Ca2+ signaling during chemokinesis of human neutrophil granulocytes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Szilvia Baron
- Laboratory of Ca2+-transport ATPases, Department of Molecular Cell Biology, KULeuven Campus Gasthuisberg, Leuven, Belgium
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Gerasimenko O, Tepikin A. How to measure Ca2+ in cellular organelles? Cell Calcium 2008; 38:201-11. [PMID: 16102822 DOI: 10.1016/j.ceca.2005.06.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2005] [Accepted: 06/28/2005] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
The review will aim to briefly summarise information on calcium measurements in cellular organelles with emphases on studies conducted in live cells using optical probes. When appropriate we will try to compare the effectiveness of different indicators for intraorganellar calcium measurements. We will consider calcium measurements in endoplasmic reticulum, Golgi apparatus, endosomes/lysosomes, nucleoplasm, nuclear envelope, mitochondria and secretory granules.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oleg Gerasimenko
- The Physiological Laboratory, The University of Liverpool, Crown Street, P.O. Box 147, Liverpool L69 3BX, UK
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Sepúlveda MR, Marcos D, Berrocal M, Raeymaekers L, Mata AM, Wuytack F. Activity and localization of the secretory pathway Ca2+-ATPase isoform 1 (SPCA1) in different areas of the mouse brain during postnatal development. Mol Cell Neurosci 2008; 38:461-73. [PMID: 18599310 DOI: 10.1016/j.mcn.2008.02.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2007] [Revised: 02/15/2008] [Accepted: 02/26/2008] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Ca2+ and Mn2+ play an important role in many events in the nervous system, ranging from neural morphogenesis to neurodegeneration. As part of the homeostatic control of these ions, the Secretory Pathway Ca2+-ATPase isoform 1 (SPCA1) mediates the accumulation of Ca2+ or Mn2+ with high affinity into Golgi reservoirs. This SPCA1 represents a relatively recently characterized P-type pump that is highly expressed in nervous tissue, but information on its involvement in neural maturation is currently lacking. In this study, we have analyzed the expression and distribution of the SPCA1 pump in mouse brain during postnatal development. RT-PCR and Western blot assays showed that SPCA1 is particularly highly expressed at nearly constant levels during this entire period of development in cortex, hippocampus, and cerebellum. In spite of the apparently unchanged expression levels, functional assays showed that SPCA-associated Ca2+-ATPase activity increased with the stage of development in these areas. Immunohistochemical studies pointed to SPCA1 localization in Golgi stacks of the soma and the initial part of primary dendritic trunk in main cortical, hippocampal and cerebellar neurons from the earliest postnatal stages. This suggests a potential role in intracellular signaling and in Golgi secretory processes involved in dendritic growth and in functional maturation of the mouse nervous system.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Rosario Sepúlveda
- Laboratory of Ca2+-Transport ATPases, Department of Molecular Cell Biology, Katholieke Universiteit Leuven, Campus Gasthuisberg O&N1, BE-3000 Leuven, Belgium
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Zhang F, Yan X, Jiang D, Tian H, Wang C, Yu L. Eight novel mutations of ATP2C1 identified in 17 Chinese families with Hailey-Hailey disease. Dermatology 2007; 215:277-83. [PMID: 17911984 DOI: 10.1159/000107620] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2007] [Accepted: 04/20/2007] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Hailey-Hailey disease (HHD) is a rare autosomal dominantly inherited dermatosis, characterized by persistent blisters and erosions of the skin. It was recently discovered that HHD was caused by mutations in the ATP2C1 gene, a Ca2+ pump located in the Golgi apparatus. OBSERVATION In this study, we sequenced the ATP2C1 gene from blood samples of 31 patients in 17 unrelated Chinese families and 120 healthy individuals. Eight novel mutations were identified in 9 families, including 3 insertion/deletions (nt 1464-1487/1462-1485 del, 1523 del AT, 2375 del TTGT), 3 splicing-site mutations [360(-2)a-->g, 1415(-2)a-->c, 2243(+2)t-->c], and 2 missense mutations (P307L, D648Y). CONCLUSION Eight mutations were found in 8 unrelated families and 1 sporadic case, and these new findings have further improved our understanding of the role of ATP2C1 in HHD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Furen Zhang
- Shandong Provincial Institute of Dermatovenereology, Jinan, China.
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Sepúlveda MR, Berrocal M, Marcos D, Wuytack F, Mata AM. Functional and immunocytochemical evidence for the expression and localization of the secretory pathway Ca2+-ATPase isoform 1 (SPCA1) in cerebellum relative to other Ca2+ pumps. J Neurochem 2007; 103:1009-18. [PMID: 17680983 DOI: 10.1111/j.1471-4159.2007.04794.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Membrane fractions of pig cerebellum show Ca2+-ATPase activity and Ca2+ transport due to the presence of the secretory pathway Ca2+-ATPase (SPCA). The SPCA1 isoform shows a wide distribution in the neurons of pig cerebellum, where it is found in the Golgi complex of the soma of Purkinje, stellate, basket and granule cells, and also in more distal components of the secretory pathway associated with a synaptic localization such as in cerebellar glomeruli. The SPCA1 may be involved in loading the Golgi complex and the secretory vesicles of these specific neuronal cell types with Ca2+ and also Mn2+. This study of the cellular and subcellular localization of SPCA1 pumps relative to the sarco(endo) plasmic reticulum Ca2+-ATPase and plasma membrane Ca2+-ATPase pumps hints to a possible specific role of SPCA1 in controlling the luminal secretory pathway Ca2+ (or Mn2+) levels as well as the local cytosolic Ca2+ levels. In addition, it helps to specify the zones that are most vulnerable to Ca2+ and/or Mn2+ dyshomeostasis, a condition that is held responsible of an increasing number of neurological disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Rosario Sepúlveda
- Departamento de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular y Genética, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Extremadura, Badajoz, Spain
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