1
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Huang HY, Chen JH, Chi NF, Chen YC. Cilostazol plus Aspirin vs. Clopidogrel plus Aspirin in Acute Minor Stroke or Transient Ischemic Attack. J Atheroscler Thromb 2024; 31:904-916. [PMID: 38092384 DOI: 10.5551/jat.64502] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2024] Open
Abstract
AIM This study compared the effectiveness, safety, and mortality risks between cilostazol plus aspirin and clopidogrel plus aspirin treatment for patients with acute minor ischemic stroke or transient ischemic attack (TIA). METHODS This retrospective cohort study employed a new-user design and utilized data from the nationwide Health and Welfare Database in Taiwan. Patients were included if they were discharged with newly initiated cilostazol plus aspirin or clopidogrel plus aspirin after primary acute minor ischemic stroke or TIA hospitalization between 2009 and 2018. Inverse probability of treatment weighting was applied to balance covariats between study groups. Effectiveness outcomes were the risks of acute ischemic stroke, acute myocardial infarction (AMI), TIA, and composite cardiovascular events; Safety outcomes were the risks of intracranial hemorrhage (ICH), gastrointestinal bleeding, and composite bleeding events; Mortality outcomes were the risks of fatal stroke, cardiovascular mortality, and all-cause mortality. RESULTS A total of 3,403 patients were included, of which 578 were treated with cilostazol plus aspirin and 2,825 were treated with clopidogrel plus aspirin. Cilostazol plus aspirin was associated with a higher risk of ICH (HR: 1.82; 95% CI: 1.16-2.84) compared to clopidogrel plus aspirin. No significant differences in the risks of effectiveness or mortality outcomes between the two groups were found. CONCLUSIONS The effectiveness and mortality of the two groups were similar for patients with acute minor ischemic stroke or TIA. However, cilostazol plus aspirin was associated with a higher risk of ICH compared to clopidogrel plus aspirin. Patients treated with cilostazol plus aspirin among this population should be monitored carefully to ensure their safety.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hsin-Yi Huang
- Department of Pharmacy, Shuang Ho Hospital, Taipei Medical University
- School of Pharmacy, National Taiwan University
| | - Jia-Hung Chen
- Department of Neurology, Shuang Ho Hospital, Taipei Medical University
| | - Nai-Fang Chi
- Department of Neurology, Taipei Veterans General Hospital
- Department of Neurology, School of Medicine, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University
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2
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Rowley AM, Yao G, Andrews L, Bedermann A, Biddulph R, Bingham R, Brady JJ, Buxton R, Cecconie T, Cooper R, Csakai A, Gao EN, Grenier-Davies MC, Lawler M, Lian Y, Macina J, Macphee C, Marcaurelle L, Martin J, McCormick P, Pindoria R, Rauch M, Rocque W, Shen Y, Shewchuk LM, Squire M, Stebbeds W, Tear W, Wang X, Ward P, Xiao S. Discovery and SAR Study of Boronic Acid-Based Selective PDE3B Inhibitors from a Novel DNA-Encoded Library. J Med Chem 2024; 67:2049-2065. [PMID: 38284310 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.3c01562] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/30/2024]
Abstract
Human genetic evidence shows that PDE3B is associated with metabolic and dyslipidemia phenotypes. A number of PDE3 family selective inhibitors have been approved by the FDA for various indications; however, given the undesirable proarrhythmic effects in the heart, selectivity for PDE3B inhibition over closely related family members (such as PDE3A; 48% identity) is a critical consideration for development of PDE3B therapeutics. Selectivity for PDE3B over PDE3A may be achieved in a variety of ways, including properties intrinsic to the compound or tissue-selective targeting. The high (>95%) active site homology between PDE3A and B represents a massive obstacle for obtaining selectivity at the active site; however, utilization of libraries with high molecular diversity in high throughput screens may uncover selective chemical matter. Herein, we employed a DNA-encoded library screen to identify PDE3B-selective inhibitors and identified potent and selective boronic acid compounds bound at the active site.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ann M Rowley
- GSK, 1250 South Collegeville Road, Collegeville, Pennsylvania 19426, United States
| | - Gang Yao
- GSK, Encoded Library Technologies, NCE Molecular Discovery, 200 Cambridge Park Drive, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02140, United States
| | - Logan Andrews
- 23andMe Inc, Therapeutics, 349 Oyster Point Boulevard, South San Francisco, California 94080, United States
| | - Aaron Bedermann
- GSK, 1250 South Collegeville Road, Collegeville, Pennsylvania 19426, United States
| | - Ross Biddulph
- GSK Medicines Research Centre, Gunnels Wood Road, Stevenage SG1 2NY, Hertfordshire, U.K
| | - Ryan Bingham
- GSK Medicines Research Centre, Gunnels Wood Road, Stevenage SG1 2NY, Hertfordshire, U.K
| | - Jennifer J Brady
- 23andMe Inc, Therapeutics, 349 Oyster Point Boulevard, South San Francisco, California 94080, United States
| | - Rachel Buxton
- GSK Medicines Research Centre, Gunnels Wood Road, Stevenage SG1 2NY, Hertfordshire, U.K
| | - Ted Cecconie
- GSK, 1250 South Collegeville Road, Collegeville, Pennsylvania 19426, United States
| | - Rona Cooper
- GSK, 1250 South Collegeville Road, Collegeville, Pennsylvania 19426, United States
| | - Adam Csakai
- GSK, Encoded Library Technologies, NCE Molecular Discovery, 200 Cambridge Park Drive, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02140, United States
| | - Enoch N Gao
- GSK, 1250 South Collegeville Road, Collegeville, Pennsylvania 19426, United States
| | - Melissa C Grenier-Davies
- GSK, Encoded Library Technologies, NCE Molecular Discovery, 200 Cambridge Park Drive, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02140, United States
| | - Meghan Lawler
- GSK, Encoded Library Technologies, NCE Molecular Discovery, 200 Cambridge Park Drive, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02140, United States
| | - Yiqian Lian
- GSK, 1250 South Collegeville Road, Collegeville, Pennsylvania 19426, United States
| | - Justyna Macina
- GSK Medicines Research Centre, Gunnels Wood Road, Stevenage SG1 2NY, Hertfordshire, U.K
| | - Colin Macphee
- GSK Medicines Research Centre, Gunnels Wood Road, Stevenage SG1 2NY, Hertfordshire, U.K
| | - Lisa Marcaurelle
- GSK, Encoded Library Technologies, NCE Molecular Discovery, 200 Cambridge Park Drive, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02140, United States
| | - John Martin
- GSK, 1250 South Collegeville Road, Collegeville, Pennsylvania 19426, United States
| | - Patricia McCormick
- GSK, 1250 South Collegeville Road, Collegeville, Pennsylvania 19426, United States
| | - Rekha Pindoria
- GSK Medicines Research Centre, Gunnels Wood Road, Stevenage SG1 2NY, Hertfordshire, U.K
| | - Martin Rauch
- GSK, 1250 South Collegeville Road, Collegeville, Pennsylvania 19426, United States
| | - Warren Rocque
- GSK, 1250 South Collegeville Road, Collegeville, Pennsylvania 19426, United States
| | - Yingnian Shen
- GSK, 1250 South Collegeville Road, Collegeville, Pennsylvania 19426, United States
| | - Lisa M Shewchuk
- GSK, 1250 South Collegeville Road, Collegeville, Pennsylvania 19426, United States
| | - Michael Squire
- GSK, 1250 South Collegeville Road, Collegeville, Pennsylvania 19426, United States
| | - Will Stebbeds
- GSK Medicines Research Centre, Gunnels Wood Road, Stevenage SG1 2NY, Hertfordshire, U.K
| | - Westley Tear
- GSK, Encoded Library Technologies, NCE Molecular Discovery, 200 Cambridge Park Drive, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02140, United States
| | - Xin Wang
- 23andMe Inc, Therapeutics, 349 Oyster Point Boulevard, South San Francisco, California 94080, United States
| | - Paris Ward
- GSK, 1250 South Collegeville Road, Collegeville, Pennsylvania 19426, United States
| | - Shouhua Xiao
- 23andMe Inc, Therapeutics, 349 Oyster Point Boulevard, South San Francisco, California 94080, United States
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3
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Hiyama H, Arichika N, Okada M, Koyama N, Tahara T, Haruta J. Pharmacological Profile of Difamilast, a Novel Selective Phosphodiesterase 4 Inhibitor, for Topical Treatment of Atopic Dermatitis. J Pharmacol Exp Ther 2023; 386:45-55. [PMID: 37041087 DOI: 10.1124/jpet.123.001609] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2023] [Revised: 03/10/2023] [Accepted: 04/03/2023] [Indexed: 04/13/2023] Open
Abstract
PDE4 inhibitors are expected to be anti-inflammatory agents based on their mechanism of action, but the application of this drug class is limited by a narrow therapeutic window due to adverse effects associated with gastrointestinal function. Difamilast, a novel selective phosphodiesterase 4 (PDE4) inhibitor, demonstrated significant efficacy without adverse reactions such as nausea and diarrhea in patients with atopic dermatitis (AD) and was recently approved in Japan. In this study, we investigated the pharmacological and pharmacokinetic properties of difamilast to provide nonclinical data to help understand the clinical effects. Difamilast selectively inhibited recombinant human PDE4 activity in assays. The IC50 of difamilast against PDE4B, a PDE4 subtype that plays an important role in the inflammatory response, was 0.0112 μM, representing a 6.6-fold decrease compared with the IC50 against PDE4D (0.0738 μM), a subtype that can trigger emesis. Difamilast inhibited TNF-α production in human (IC50 = 0.0109 μM) and mouse (IC50 = 0.0035 μM) peripheral blood mononuclear cells and improved skin inflammation in a mouse model of chronic allergic contact dermatitis. These effects of difamilast on TNF-α production and dermatitis were superior to those of other topical PDE4 inhibitors: CP-80633, cipamfylline, and crisaborole. In pharmacokinetic studies using miniature pigs and rats, the concentrations of difamilast in the blood and brain after topical application were not sufficient to support pharmacological activity. This nonclinical study contributes to explain the efficacy and safety of difamilast with a sufficient therapeutic window in the clinical trials. SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT: This is the first report on the nonclinical pharmacological profile of difamilast ointment, a novel topical PDE4 inhibitor that demonstrated utility in clinical trials in patients with atopic dermatitis. Difamilast, which has high PDE4 selectivity (especially for the PDE4B subtype), ameliorated chronic allergic contact dermatitis in mice after topical application, with a pharmacokinetic profile in animals that suggests few systemic side effects; thus, difamilast is a promising new therapeutic treatment for atopic dermatitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hidetaka Hiyama
- Ako Research Institute, Otsuka Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Hyogo, Japan (H.H., N.A., M.O., J.H.) and Tokushima Research Institute, Otsuka Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Tokushima, Japan (N.K., T.T.)
| | - Naoya Arichika
- Ako Research Institute, Otsuka Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Hyogo, Japan (H.H., N.A., M.O., J.H.) and Tokushima Research Institute, Otsuka Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Tokushima, Japan (N.K., T.T.)
| | - Minoru Okada
- Ako Research Institute, Otsuka Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Hyogo, Japan (H.H., N.A., M.O., J.H.) and Tokushima Research Institute, Otsuka Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Tokushima, Japan (N.K., T.T.)
| | - Noriyuki Koyama
- Ako Research Institute, Otsuka Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Hyogo, Japan (H.H., N.A., M.O., J.H.) and Tokushima Research Institute, Otsuka Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Tokushima, Japan (N.K., T.T.)
| | - Tomonori Tahara
- Ako Research Institute, Otsuka Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Hyogo, Japan (H.H., N.A., M.O., J.H.) and Tokushima Research Institute, Otsuka Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Tokushima, Japan (N.K., T.T.)
| | - Junpei Haruta
- Ako Research Institute, Otsuka Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Hyogo, Japan (H.H., N.A., M.O., J.H.) and Tokushima Research Institute, Otsuka Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Tokushima, Japan (N.K., T.T.)
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4
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Zheng Y, Schroeder S, Kanev GK, Botros SS, William S, Sabra ANA, Maes L, Caljon G, Gil C, Martinez A, Salado IG, Augustyns K, Edink E, Sijm M, de Heuvel E, de Esch IJP, van der Meer T, Siderius M, Sterk GJ, Brown D, Leurs R. To Target or Not to Target Schistosoma mansoni Cyclic Nucleotide Phosphodiesterase 4A? Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24076817. [PMID: 37047792 PMCID: PMC10095301 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24076817] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2023] [Revised: 03/31/2023] [Accepted: 04/01/2023] [Indexed: 04/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Schistosomiasis is a neglected tropical disease with high morbidity. Recently, the Schistosoma mansoni phosphodiesterase SmPDE4A was suggested as a putative new drug target. To support SmPDE4A targeted drug discovery, we cloned, isolated, and biochemically characterized the full-length and catalytic domains of SmPDE4A. The enzymatically active catalytic domain was crystallized in the apo-form (PDB code: 6FG5) and in the cAMP- and AMP-bound states (PDB code: 6EZU). The SmPDE4A catalytic domain resembles human PDE4 more than parasite PDEs because it lacks the parasite PDE-specific P-pocket. Purified SmPDE4A proteins (full-length and catalytic domain) were used to profile an in-house library of PDE inhibitors (PDE4NPD toolbox). This screening identified tetrahydrophthalazinones and benzamides as potential hits. The PDE inhibitor NPD-0001 was the most active tetrahydrophthalazinone, whereas the approved human PDE4 inhibitors roflumilast and piclamilast were the most potent benzamides. As a follow-up, 83 benzamide analogs were prepared, but the inhibitory potency of the initial hits was not improved. Finally, NPD-0001 and roflumilast were evaluated in an in vitro anti-S. mansoni assay. Unfortunately, both SmPDE4A inhibitors were not effective in worm killing and only weakly affected the egg-laying at high micromolar concentrations. Consequently, the results with these SmPDE4A inhibitors strongly suggest that SmPDE4A is not a suitable target for anti-schistosomiasis therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Zheng
- Division of Medicinal Chemistry, Amsterdam Institute of Molecular and Life Sciences, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, 1081 HZ Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | | | - Georgi K Kanev
- Division of Medicinal Chemistry, Amsterdam Institute of Molecular and Life Sciences, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, 1081 HZ Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Sanaa S Botros
- Pharmacology Department, Theodor Bilharz Research Institute, Warrak El-Hadar, Imbaba, P.O. Box 30, Giza 12411, Egypt
| | - Samia William
- Parasitology Department, Theodor Bilharz Research Institute, Warrak El-Hadar, Imbaba, P.O. Box 30, Giza 12411, Egypt
| | - Abdel-Nasser A Sabra
- Pharmacology Department, Theodor Bilharz Research Institute, Warrak El-Hadar, Imbaba, P.O. Box 30, Giza 12411, Egypt
| | - Louis Maes
- Laboratory of Microbiology, Parasitology and Hygiene (LMPH), University of Antwerp, Universiteitsplein 1, 2610 Wilrijk, Belgium
| | - Guy Caljon
- Laboratory of Microbiology, Parasitology and Hygiene (LMPH), University of Antwerp, Universiteitsplein 1, 2610 Wilrijk, Belgium
| | - Carmen Gil
- Centro de Investigaciones Biologicas (CIB-CSIC), Ramiro de Maeztu 9, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Ana Martinez
- Centro de Investigaciones Biologicas (CIB-CSIC), Ramiro de Maeztu 9, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Irene G Salado
- Medicinal Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmaceutical, Biomedical and Veterinary Sciences, University of Antwerp, Universiteitsplein 1, 2610 Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Koen Augustyns
- Medicinal Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmaceutical, Biomedical and Veterinary Sciences, University of Antwerp, Universiteitsplein 1, 2610 Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Ewald Edink
- Division of Medicinal Chemistry, Amsterdam Institute of Molecular and Life Sciences, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, 1081 HZ Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Maarten Sijm
- Division of Medicinal Chemistry, Amsterdam Institute of Molecular and Life Sciences, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, 1081 HZ Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Erik de Heuvel
- Division of Medicinal Chemistry, Amsterdam Institute of Molecular and Life Sciences, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, 1081 HZ Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Iwan J P de Esch
- Division of Medicinal Chemistry, Amsterdam Institute of Molecular and Life Sciences, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, 1081 HZ Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Tiffany van der Meer
- Division of Medicinal Chemistry, Amsterdam Institute of Molecular and Life Sciences, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, 1081 HZ Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Marco Siderius
- Division of Medicinal Chemistry, Amsterdam Institute of Molecular and Life Sciences, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, 1081 HZ Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Geert Jan Sterk
- Division of Medicinal Chemistry, Amsterdam Institute of Molecular and Life Sciences, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, 1081 HZ Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - David Brown
- School of Biosciences, University of Kent, Canterbury CT2 7NJ, UK
| | - Rob Leurs
- Division of Medicinal Chemistry, Amsterdam Institute of Molecular and Life Sciences, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, 1081 HZ Amsterdam, The Netherlands
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5
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Hong S, Lee WJ, Park CY. Comparative Study of Ex Vivo Antiplatelet Activity of Aspirin and Cilostazol in Patients with Diabetes and High Risk of Cardiovascular Disease. Endocrinol Metab (Seoul) 2022; 37:233-242. [PMID: 35381686 PMCID: PMC9081299 DOI: 10.3803/enm.2021.1353] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2021] [Revised: 01/11/2022] [Accepted: 02/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The role of aspirin in primary cardiovascular disease prevention in patients with diabetes remains controversial. However, some studies have suggested beneficial effects of cilostazol on cardiovascular disease in patients with diabetes. We prospectively investigated the antiplatelet effects of cilostazol compared with aspirin in patients with diabetes and cardiovascular risk factors. METHODS We randomly assigned 116 patients with type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular risk factors but no evident cardiovascular disease to receive aspirin at a dose of 100 mg or cilostazol at a dose of 200 mg daily for 14 days. The primary efficacy outcome was antiplatelet effects of aspirin and cilostazol assessed with the VerifyNow system (aspirin response units [ARU]) and PFA-100 (closure time [CT]). Secondary outcomes were changes of clinical laboratory data (ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT02933788). RESULTS After 14 days, there was greater decrease in ARU in aspirin (-28.9%±9.9%) compared cilostazol (-0.4%±7.1%, P<0.001) and was greater increase in CT in aspirin (99.6%±63.5%) compared cilostazol (25.7%±54.1%, P<0.001). The prevalence of aspirin resistance was 7.5% according to VerifyNow (defined by ARU ≥550) and 18.9% according to PFA-100 (CT <192 seconds). Compared with aspirin, cilostazol treatment was associated with increased high density lipoprotein cholesterol (7.1%±12.7% vs. 4.2%±18.0%, P=0.006) and decreased triglycerides (-9.4%±33.7% vs. 4.4%±17.57%, P=0.016). However, there were no significant changes in total and low density lipoprotein cholesterol, C-reactive protein level, and cluster of differentiation 40 ligand between cilostazol and aspirin groups. CONCLUSION Aspirin showed better antiplatelet effects assessed with VerifyNow and PFA-100 compared with cilostazol. However, there were favorable changes in atherogenic dyslipidemia only in the cilostazol.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sangmo Hong
- Department of Internal Medicine, Hanyang University Guri Hospital, Hanyang University College of Medicine, Guri, Korea
| | - Woo Je Lee
- Department of Internal Medicine, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Cheol-Young Park
- Department of Internal Medicine, Kangbuk Samsung Hospital, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
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Li R, Zou X, Luan P, Liu X, Wang N, Wang Q, Guan H, Xu Z. Direct Determination of Enzymes in Dried Blood Spots by High-Performance Liquid Chromatography – Mass Spectrometry (HPLC-MS) for the Screening of Antithrombotic Agents. ANAL LETT 2022. [DOI: 10.1080/00032719.2022.2053700] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/01/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ru Li
- Key Laboratory of Marine Drugs, Chinese Ministry of Education, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Glycoscience and Glycoengineering, School of Medicine and Pharmacy, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, China
- Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Innovation Center for Marine Drugs Screening and Evaluation, Qingdao, China
| | - Xuan Zou
- Key Laboratory of Marine Drugs, Chinese Ministry of Education, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Glycoscience and Glycoengineering, School of Medicine and Pharmacy, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, China
- Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Innovation Center for Marine Drugs Screening and Evaluation, Qingdao, China
| | - Pan Luan
- Key Laboratory of Marine Drugs, Chinese Ministry of Education, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Glycoscience and Glycoengineering, School of Medicine and Pharmacy, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, China
- Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Innovation Center for Marine Drugs Screening and Evaluation, Qingdao, China
| | - Xiaokun Liu
- Marine Biomedical Research Institute of Qingdao, Qingdao, China
| | - Ning Wang
- Key Laboratory of Marine Drugs, Chinese Ministry of Education, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Glycoscience and Glycoengineering, School of Medicine and Pharmacy, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, China
- Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Innovation Center for Marine Drugs Screening and Evaluation, Qingdao, China
| | - Qian Wang
- Key Laboratory of Marine Drugs, Chinese Ministry of Education, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Glycoscience and Glycoengineering, School of Medicine and Pharmacy, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, China
- Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Innovation Center for Marine Drugs Screening and Evaluation, Qingdao, China
| | - Huashi Guan
- Key Laboratory of Marine Drugs, Chinese Ministry of Education, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Glycoscience and Glycoengineering, School of Medicine and Pharmacy, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, China
- Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Innovation Center for Marine Drugs Screening and Evaluation, Qingdao, China
- Marine Biomedical Research Institute of Qingdao, Qingdao, China
| | - Zhe Xu
- Key Laboratory of Marine Drugs, Chinese Ministry of Education, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Glycoscience and Glycoengineering, School of Medicine and Pharmacy, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, China
- Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Innovation Center for Marine Drugs Screening and Evaluation, Qingdao, China
- Marine Biomedical Research Institute of Qingdao, Qingdao, China
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7
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Medak KD, McKie GL, Shamshoum H, Seguin I, Wright DC. The glucose lowering effects of CL 316,243 dissipate with repeated use and are rescued bycilostamide. Physiol Rep 2022; 10:e15187. [PMID: 35179321 PMCID: PMC8855634 DOI: 10.14814/phy2.15187] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2021] [Revised: 12/17/2021] [Accepted: 12/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Repeated activation of the beta 3 adrenergic receptor (β3AR) with the agonist CL 316,243 (CL) results in remodeling of white adipose tissue (WAT) characterized by increased mitochondrial enzymes and expression of uncoupling protein 1 (UCP1). β3AR activation also has profound acute metabolic effects including rapidly decreasing blood glucose, secondary to fatty acid-induced increases in insulin, and increasing energy expenditure. The acute (single dose) effects of β3AR activation have largely been examined in treatment naive animals and under room temperature housing conditions. The current study examined if repeated CL treatment would lead to an attenuation of acute metabolic effects of CL treatment under thermoneutral housing conditions and if this could be rescued with cilostamide, a phosphodiesterase inhibitor. We provide evidence demonstrating that the acute effects of CL to increase serum fatty acids and insulin and reduce blood glucose, but not increases in energy expenditure, are attenuated in mice following repeated treatment with CL. This occurs in parallel with reductions in indices of protein kinase A signaling in WAT including the phosphorylation of hormone sensitive lipase. The findings of attenuated serum fatty acid, insulin, and blood glucose responses were confirmed in both high-fat fed and UCP1-/- mice repeatedly treated with CL. Desensitization to CL in mice was rescued by cilostamide. Herein, we provide evidence that the glucose lowering, but not thermogenesis inducing, effects of CL are attenuated with repeated treatment and can be rescued by cilostamide. The findings of this study point toward novel adjunct treatment approaches that could be used to maximize therapeutic, glucose lowering effects of β3AR agonists.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kyle D Medak
- Department of Human Health and Nutritional Sciences, University of Guelph, Guelph, Ontario, Canada
| | - Greg L McKie
- Department of Human Health and Nutritional Sciences, University of Guelph, Guelph, Ontario, Canada
| | - Hesham Shamshoum
- Department of Human Health and Nutritional Sciences, University of Guelph, Guelph, Ontario, Canada
| | - Ian Seguin
- Department of Human Health and Nutritional Sciences, University of Guelph, Guelph, Ontario, Canada
| | - David C Wright
- Department of Human Health and Nutritional Sciences, University of Guelph, Guelph, Ontario, Canada
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8
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Yoshida H, Itoh S, Ferdousi F, Isoda H. Post-stroke treatment with K-134, a phosphodiesterase 3 inhibitor, improves stroke outcomes in the stroke-prone spontaneously hypertensive rat model-A comparative evaluation of antiplatelet drugs. J Pharmacol Sci 2022; 148:229-237. [PMID: 35063138 DOI: 10.1016/j.jphs.2021.12.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2021] [Revised: 11/14/2021] [Accepted: 12/02/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Post-stroke antiplatelet therapy has been proved to reduce the risk of recurrent stroke; however, it may also increase the incidence of intracranial hemorrhage that could offset any benefits. Therefore, the balance between the benefits and risks of antiplatelet drugs is a critical issue to consider. In the present study, we have compared the effects of post-stroke administration of antiplatelet agents on functional outcomes in the stroke-prone spontaneously hypertensive rat (SHRSP), an established animal model that mimics human lacunar stroke and cerebral small vessel disease. We confirmed that a potent phosphodiesterase 3 (PDE3) inhibitor, K-134, significantly improved post-stroke survival rate and survival time, attenuated stroke-induced neurological deficits, and decreased the incidence of cerebral lesion caused by intracerebral hemorrhage and softening. Similarly, cilostazol showed beneficial effects, though to a lower extent with respect to the survival outcome and neurological symptoms. On the other hand, a P2Y12 inhibitor, clopidogrel significantly improved survival outcomes at the higher dose but caused massive bleeding in the brain at both low and high doses. In contrast, no hemorrhagic lesion was observed in K-134-treated SHRSPs despite its antiplatelet activity. Our findings indicate that K-134 may have a superior post-stroke therapeutic outcome in comparison to other antiplatelet drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hideo Yoshida
- Tokyo New Drug Research Laboratories, Kowa Company, Ltd., Tokyo, Japan; Graduate School of Science and Technology, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan.
| | - Shinsuke Itoh
- Tokyo New Drug Research Laboratories, Kowa Company, Ltd., Tokyo, Japan
| | - Farhana Ferdousi
- Alliance for Research on the Mediterranean and North Africa (ARENA), University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan; AIST-University of Tsukuba Open Innovation Laboratory for Food and Medicinal Resource Engineering (FoodMed-OIL), University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Japan; Faculty of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Japan
| | - Hiroko Isoda
- Alliance for Research on the Mediterranean and North Africa (ARENA), University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan; AIST-University of Tsukuba Open Innovation Laboratory for Food and Medicinal Resource Engineering (FoodMed-OIL), University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Japan; Faculty of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Japan
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9
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Kurelic R, Krieg PF, Sonner JK, Bhaiyan G, Ramos GC, Frantz S, Friese MA, Nikolaev VO. Upregulation of Phosphodiesterase 2A Augments T Cell Activation by Changing cGMP/cAMP Cross-Talk. Front Pharmacol 2021; 12:748798. [PMID: 34675812 PMCID: PMC8523859 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2021.748798] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2021] [Accepted: 09/20/2021] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
3′,5′-cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP) is well-known for its diverse immunomodulatory properties, primarily inhibitory effects during T cell activation, proliferation, and production of pro-inflammatory cytokines. A decrease in cAMP levels, due to the hydrolyzing activity of phosphodiesterases (PDE), is favoring inflammatory responses. This can be prevented by selective PDE inhibitors, which makes PDEs important therapeutic targets for autoimmune disorders. In this study, we investigated the specific roles of PDE2A and PDE3B in the regulation of intracellular cAMP levels in different mouse T cell subsets. Unexpectedly, T cell receptor (TCR) activation led to a selective upregulation of PDE2A at the protein level in conventional T cells (Tcon), whereas no changes were detected in regulatory T cells (Treg). In contrast, protein expression of PDE3B was significantly higher in both non-activated and activated Tcon subsets as compared to Treg, with no changes upon TCR engagement. Live-cell imaging of T cells expressing a highly sensitive Förster resonance energy transfer (FRET)-based biosensor, Epac1-camps, has enabled cAMP measurements in real time and revealed stronger responses to the PDE2A inhibitors in activated vs non-activated Tcon. Importantly, stimulation of intracellular cGMP levels with natriuretic peptides led to an increase of cAMP in non-activated and a decrease of cAMP in activated Tcon, suggesting that TCR activation changes the PDE3B-dependent positive to PDE2A-dependent negative cGMP/cAMP cross-talk. Functionally, this switch induced higher expression of early activation markers CD25 and CD69. This constitutes a potentially interesting feed-forward mechanism during autoimmune and inflammatory responses that may be exploited therapeutically.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roberta Kurelic
- Institute of Experimental Cardiovascular Research, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Paula F Krieg
- Institute of Neuroimmunology and Multiple Sclerosis, Center for Molecular Neurobiology Hamburg, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Jana K Sonner
- Institute of Neuroimmunology and Multiple Sclerosis, Center for Molecular Neurobiology Hamburg, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Gloria Bhaiyan
- Institute of Experimental Cardiovascular Research, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Gustavo C Ramos
- Department of Internal Medicine I, University Hospital Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany.,Comprehensive Heart Failure Centre, University Hospital Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Stefan Frantz
- Department of Internal Medicine I, University Hospital Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany.,Comprehensive Heart Failure Centre, University Hospital Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Manuel A Friese
- Institute of Neuroimmunology and Multiple Sclerosis, Center for Molecular Neurobiology Hamburg, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Viacheslav O Nikolaev
- Institute of Experimental Cardiovascular Research, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany.,German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner Site Hamburg/Kiel/Lübeck, Hamburg, Germany
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10
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Unno N, Tanaka H, Yata T, Kayama T, Yamanaka Y, Tsuyuki H, Sano M, Inuzuka K, Naruse E, Takeuchi H. K-134, a phosphodiesterase 3 inhibitor, reduces vascular inflammation and hypoxia, and prevents rupture of experimental abdominal aortic aneurysms. JVS Vasc Sci 2021; 1:219-232. [PMID: 34617050 PMCID: PMC8489215 DOI: 10.1016/j.jvssci.2020.09.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2020] [Accepted: 09/21/2020] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective Abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) is a chronic inflammatory disease, which frequently results in fatal rupture; however, no pharmacologic treatment exists to inhibit AAA growth and prevent rupture. In this study, we investigated whether K-134, a novel phosphodiesterase 3 inhibitor, could limit the progression and rupture of AAA using multiple experimental models. Methods A hypoperfusion-induced AAA rat model was developed by inserting of a small catheter and via tight ligation of the infrarenal aorta. Rats were fed with a 0.15% K-134-containing diet (K-134(+) group) or a normal diet (K-134(-) group) from 7 days before the experiment to 28 days after model creation (pretreatment protocol). After the administration period, elastin fragmentation, macrophage infiltration, reactive oxygen species expression, matrix metalloproteinase levels, aneurysmal tissue hypoxia, and adventitial vasa vasorum (VV) stenosis were assessed. In the delayed treatment protocol, rats with AAA >3 mm were randomly divided to K-134(+) or K-134(-) group 7 days after model creation, and the effect of K-134 on suppressing preexisting AAA was examined. Further, elastase-induced rat model and angiotensin II-infused ApoE-/- mouse model were also used to examine the ability of K-134 to prevent rupture. Results K-134 prevented AAA rupture and significantly improved survival in the pretreatment protocol (P < .01). In the K-134(+) group, elastin degeneration was prevented; macrophage infiltration and reactive oxygen species production were significantly decreased. At 14 days, the enzymatic activity of matrix metalloproteinase-9 was significantly decreased. Further, K-134 inhibited intimal hyperplasia and VV stenosis. Expressions of hypoxic markers, hypoxia-inducible factor-1α, and pimonidazole, in the aneurysmal wall were also attenuated. In the delayed treatment protocol, K-134 also improved survival of rats with preexisting AAA. Similarly, in the elastase-induced rat model and angiotensin II-infused ApoE-/- mouse model, K-134 inhibited rupture and significantly improved survival (P < .01). Conclusions K-134 prevented the rupture of AAA and improved survival through suppressing inflammatory reaction. The inhibition of intimal hyperplasia in the adventitial VV may be associated with reduced hypoxia in the aneurysmal tissue. (JVS–Vascular Science 2020;1:219-32.) Clinical Relevance This study shows that K-134, a novel phosphodiesterase 3 inhibitor, suppressed abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) rupture. Considering that K-134 had already undergone a phase Ⅱ study in the United States for claudication in peripheral artery occlusive disease patients with good tolerance, K-134 may become a promising new therapeutic option for AAAs and could undergo clinical trials for patients with small AAA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naoki Unno
- Division of Vascular Surgery, Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, Hamamatsu, Japan.,Second Department of Surgery, Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, Hamamatsu, Japan.,Division of Vascular Surgery, Hamamatsu Medical Center, Hamamatsu, Japan
| | - Hiroki Tanaka
- Division of Vascular Surgery, Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, Hamamatsu, Japan
| | - Tatsuro Yata
- Division of Vascular Surgery, Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, Hamamatsu, Japan.,Second Department of Surgery, Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, Hamamatsu, Japan
| | - Takafumi Kayama
- Division of Vascular Surgery, Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, Hamamatsu, Japan.,Second Department of Surgery, Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, Hamamatsu, Japan
| | - Yuta Yamanaka
- Division of Vascular Surgery, Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, Hamamatsu, Japan.,Second Department of Surgery, Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, Hamamatsu, Japan
| | - Hajime Tsuyuki
- Division of Vascular Surgery, Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, Hamamatsu, Japan.,Second Department of Surgery, Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, Hamamatsu, Japan
| | - Masaki Sano
- Division of Vascular Surgery, Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, Hamamatsu, Japan.,Second Department of Surgery, Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, Hamamatsu, Japan
| | - Kazunori Inuzuka
- Division of Vascular Surgery, Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, Hamamatsu, Japan.,Second Department of Surgery, Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, Hamamatsu, Japan
| | - Ena Naruse
- Division of Vascular Surgery, Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, Hamamatsu, Japan.,Second Department of Surgery, Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, Hamamatsu, Japan
| | - Hiroya Takeuchi
- Second Department of Surgery, Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, Hamamatsu, Japan
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11
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Luhach K, Kulkarni GT, Singh VP, Sharma B. Cilostazol attenuated prenatal valproic acid-induced behavioural and biochemical deficits in a rat model of autism spectrum disorder. J Pharm Pharmacol 2021; 73:1460-1469. [PMID: 34459916 DOI: 10.1093/jpp/rgab115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2020] [Accepted: 07/30/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is categorized as a neurodevelopmental disorder, presenting with a variety of aetiological and phenotypical features. Inhibiting the enzyme phosphodiesterase-3 (PDE3) with cilostazol is known to produce beneficial effects in several brain disorders. The pharmacological outcome of cilostazol administration was investigated in prenatal valproic acid (VPA)-induced ASD deficits in albino Wistar rats. METHODS Cilostazol was administered in two doses (30/60 mg/kg) to male rats born of females administered with VPA on gestational day 12. Behavioural assays on locomotion (open field), social interaction, repetitive behaviour (y-maze) and anxiety (elevated plus maze) were performed in all groups. Further, biochemical assessments of markers associated with neuronal function (BDNF, pCREB), inflammation (TNF-α, IL-6, IL-10) and oxidative stress were carried out in frontal cortex, hippocampus, striatum and cerebellum. KEY FINDINGS The cilostazol regimen, attenuated prenatal VPA exposure associated hyperlocomotion, social interaction deficits, repetitive behavior, and anxiety. Further, biochemical markers such as BDNF, pCREB, IL-10 and GSH were found to be significantly increased contrary to markers such as TNF-α, IL-6 and TBARS in the assessed brain regions. CONCLUSIONS Cilostazol rectified core behavioural traits while producing significant changes to biochemistry in the brain, suggesting benefits of cilostazol administration in experimental models of ASD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kanishk Luhach
- Department of Pharmacology, Amity Institute of Pharmacy, Amity University Uttar Pradesh, Noida, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Giriraj T Kulkarni
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Gokaraju Rangaraju College of Pharmacy, Hyderabad, India
| | - Vijay P Singh
- CSIR-Institute of Genomics & Integrative Biology, Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research, New Delhi, India
| | - Bhupesh Sharma
- Department of Pharmacology, Amity Institute of Pharmacy, Amity University Uttar Pradesh, Noida, Uttar Pradesh, India
- CNS and CVS Pharmacology, Conscience Research, New Delhi, India
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12
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Mota É, Bompierre S, Betolngar D, Castro LRV, Vincent P. Pivotal role of phosphodiesterase 10A in the integration of dopamine signals in mice striatal D1 and D2 medium-sized spiny neurones. Br J Pharmacol 2021; 178:4873-4890. [PMID: 34399440 DOI: 10.1111/bph.15664] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2021] [Revised: 05/21/2021] [Accepted: 06/17/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Dopamine in the striatum plays a crucial role in reward processes and action selection. Dopamine signals are transduced by D1 and D2 dopamine receptors which trigger mirror effects through the cAMP/PKA signalling cascade in D1 and D2 medium-sized spiny neurones (MSNs). Phosphodiesterases (PDEs), which determine the profile of cAMP signals, are highly expressed in MSNs, but their respective roles in dopamine signal integration remain poorly understood. EXPERIMENTAL APPROACH We used genetically-encoded FRET biosensors to monitor at the single cell level the functional contribution of PDE2A, PDE4 and PDE10A in the changes of the cAMP/PKA response to transient and continuous dopamine in mouse striatal brain slices. KEY RESULTS We found that PDE2A, PDE4 and PDE10A operate on the moderate to high cAMP levels elicited by D1 or A2A receptor stimulation. In contrast, only PDE10A is able to reduce cAMP down to baseline in both type of neurones, leading to the dephosphorylation of PKA substrates. CONCLUSION AND IMPLICATIONS In both MSN types, PDE10A inhibition blunts the responsiveness to dopamine, whereas PDE2A or PDE4 inhibition reinforces dopamine action.
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Affiliation(s)
- Élia Mota
- Sorbonne Université, CNRS, Biological Adaptation and Ageing, UMR 8256, Paris, France.,Now at Novel Human Genetics Research Unit, GSK R&D, Stevenage, UK
| | - Ségolène Bompierre
- Sorbonne Université, CNRS, Biological Adaptation and Ageing, UMR 8256, Paris, France
| | - Dahdjim Betolngar
- Sorbonne Université, CNRS, Biological Adaptation and Ageing, UMR 8256, Paris, France
| | - Liliana R V Castro
- Sorbonne Université, CNRS, Biological Adaptation and Ageing, UMR 8256, Paris, France
| | - Pierre Vincent
- Sorbonne Université, CNRS, Biological Adaptation and Ageing, UMR 8256, Paris, France
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13
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Aoki J, Iguchi Y, Urabe T, Yamagami H, Todo K, Fujimoto S, Idomari K, Kaneko N, Iwanaga T, Terasaki T, Tanaka R, Yamamoto N, Tsujino A, Nomura K, Abe K, Uno M, Okada Y, Matsuoka H, Yamagata S, Yamamoto Y, Yonehara T, Inoue T, Yagita Y, Kimura K. Cilostazol uncovers covert atrial fibrillation in non-cardioembolic stroke. J Neurol Sci 2020; 413:116796. [PMID: 32222589 DOI: 10.1016/j.jns.2020.116796] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2020] [Revised: 03/19/2020] [Accepted: 03/20/2020] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND We hypothesized that administration of cilostazol may clarify the occult atrial fibrillation (AF) during hospitalization in mild stroke patients, who has no history of AF. METHODS From our prospective non-cardioembolic stroke study, randomized to dual antiplatelet therapy using cilostazol and aspirin or aspirin alone trial (ADS), data on the presence or absence of AF were retrospectively analyzed. In the ADS, during hospitalization, as a routine examination, presence of AF was investigated using electrocardiogram (ECG), ECG monitoring and Holter ECG. Multivariate regression analysis was conducted to evaluate the independent parameters related to the AF. Clinical outcome at 3 months was evaluated using modified Rankin Scale (mRS) score. RESULTS Data on 1194 patients (793 [66%] men; median age [interquartile range] of 69 [61-77] years, National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale score 2 [1-4], onset-to-admission 10.8 [4.7-20.5] hours) were retrospectively analyzed. AF was newly detected in 41 (3%) patients (3 by ECG, 21 by the ECG monitoring and 17 by the Holter ECG) during hospitalization. Patients treated with combined cilostazol and aspirin therapy frequently had the AF than those took aspirin alone (5% vs. 2%, p = .007). Multivariate regression analysis showed that cilostazol administration was one of the independent factors for new-AF (odds ratio 2.672, 95%CI: 1.205-5.927, p = .016). The frequency of mRS 0-1 was 68% in the new-AF group and 67% in the non-AF group (p = 1.000). CONCLUSION Cilostazol therapy may increase the detectability of AF in acute non-cardioembolic stroke, though the new-AF was not related to clinical outcome at 3 months.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junya Aoki
- Department of Neurological Science, Graduate School of Medicine, Nippon Medical School, Tokyo, Japan; Department of Stroke Medicine, Kawasaki Medical School, Kurashiki, Japan.
| | - Yasuyuki Iguchi
- Department of Neurology, The Jikei University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Takao Urabe
- Department of Neurology, Juntendo University Urayasu Hospital, Chiba, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Yamagami
- Department of Neurology, Stroke Center, Kobe City Medical Center General Hospital, Hyogo, Japan
| | - Kenichi Todo
- Department of Neurology, Stroke Center, Kobe City Medical Center General Hospital, Hyogo, Japan
| | - Shigeru Fujimoto
- Department of Cerebrovascular Medicine, Stroke Center, Steel Memorial Yawata Hospital, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Koji Idomari
- Department of Stroke Medicine, Okinawa Kyodo Hospital, Okinawa, Japan
| | - Nobuyuki Kaneko
- Department of Stroke Medicine, Okinawa Kyodo Hospital, Okinawa, Japan
| | - Takeshi Iwanaga
- Department of Stroke Medicine, Okayama Red Cross Hospital, Okayama, Japan
| | - Tadashi Terasaki
- Department of Neurology, Japanese Red Cross Kumamoto Hospital, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Ryota Tanaka
- Department of Neurology, Juntendo University Faculty of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Nobuaki Yamamoto
- Department of Clinical Neurosciences, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Tokushima University, Tokushima, Japan
| | - Akira Tsujino
- Department of Neurology and Strokology, Nagasaki University Hospital, Nagasaki, Japan
| | - Koichi Nomura
- Department of Neurology, Shioda Hospital, Chiba, Japan
| | - Koji Abe
- Department of Neurology, Okayama University Medical School, Okayama, Japan
| | - Masaaki Uno
- Department of Neurosurgery, Kawasaki Medical School, Okayama, Japan
| | - Yasushi Okada
- Department of Cerebrovascular Medicine and Neurology, Clinical Research Institute, National Hospital Organization, Kyushu Medical Center, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Hideki Matsuoka
- Department of Cerebrovascular Medicine, NHO Kagoshima Medical Center, Kagoshima, Japan
| | - Sen Yamagata
- Department of Neurosurgery, Kurashiki Central Hospital, Okayama, Japan
| | - Yasumasa Yamamoto
- Department of Neurology, Kyoto Second Red Cross Hospital, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Toshiro Yonehara
- Department of Neurology, Stroke Center, Saiseikai Kumamoto Hospital, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Takeshi Inoue
- Department of Stroke Medicine, Kawasaki Medical School General Medical Center, Kawasaki Medical School, Okayama, Japan
| | - Yoshiki Yagita
- Department of Stroke Medicine, Kawasaki Medical School, Kurashiki, Japan
| | - Kazumi Kimura
- Department of Neurological Science, Graduate School of Medicine, Nippon Medical School, Tokyo, Japan; Department of Stroke Medicine, Kawasaki Medical School, Kurashiki, Japan
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14
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Han Y, Hou R, Zhang X, Liu H, Gao Y, Li X, Qi R, Cai R, Qi Y. Amlexanox exerts anti-inflammatory actions by targeting phosphodiesterase 4B in lipopolysaccharide-activated macrophages. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-MOLECULAR CELL RESEARCH 2020; 1867:118766. [PMID: 32504661 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbamcr.2020.118766] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2020] [Revised: 05/16/2020] [Accepted: 05/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Amlexanox, an anti-inflammatory agent, is widely used for treating aphthous ulcers. Recently, amlexanox has received considerable attention because of its efficacy in mitigating metabolic inflammation via directly suppressing IKKε/TBK1. However, because the knockdown of IKKε/TBK1 has no anti-inflammatory effect on lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-primed RAW264.7 cells, the mechanism of amlexanox against classical inflammation is independent of IKKε/TBK1. In this study, we aim to examine the effects of amlexanox on LPS-treated macrophages and in a mouse model of endotoxemia. We found that amlexanox significantly inhibited the production of pro-inflammatory mediators, both in vitro and in vivo, while increased interleukin-10 level in LPS-activated macrophages. Mechanistically, amlexanox down-regulated nuclear factor κB and extracellular signal-regulated kinase/activator protein-1 signaling by elevating intracellular 3',5'-cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP) level and subsequently activating protein kinase A. Molecular docking along with fluorescence polarization and enzyme inhibition assays revealed that amlexanox bound directly to phosphodiesterase (PDE) 4B to inhibit its activity. The anti-inflammatory effects of amlexanox could be abolished by the application of cAMP antagonist or PDE4B siRNA. In addition to PDE4B, the activities of PDE1C, 3A, and 3B were directly inhibited by amlexanox. Our results provide mechanistic insight into the clinical utility of amlexanox for the treatment of inflammatory disorders and might contribute to extending the clinical indications of amlexanox.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yixin Han
- Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Rui Hou
- Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaoyu Zhang
- Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Haibo Liu
- Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Yuan Gao
- Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Ximeng Li
- Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Ruijuan Qi
- Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Runlan Cai
- Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Yun Qi
- Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China.
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15
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Yuan G, Jing Y, Wang T, Fernandes VS, Xin W. The bitter taste receptor agonist-induced negative chronotropic effects on the Langendorff-perfused isolated rat hearts. Eur J Pharmacol 2020; 876:173063. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2020.173063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2019] [Revised: 02/29/2020] [Accepted: 03/10/2020] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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16
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Manoury B, Idres S, Leblais V, Fischmeister R. Ion channels as effectors of cyclic nucleotide pathways: Functional relevance for arterial tone regulation. Pharmacol Ther 2020; 209:107499. [PMID: 32068004 DOI: 10.1016/j.pharmthera.2020.107499] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2018] [Accepted: 02/05/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Numerous mediators and drugs regulate blood flow or arterial pressure by acting on vascular tone, involving cyclic nucleotide intracellular pathways. These signals lead to regulation of several cellular effectors, including ion channels that tune cell membrane potential, Ca2+ influx and vascular tone. The characterization of these vasocontrictive or vasodilating mechanisms has grown in complexity due to i) the variety of ion channels that are expressed in both vascular endothelial and smooth muscle cells, ii) the heterogeneity of responses among the various vascular beds, and iii) the number of molecular mechanisms involved in cyclic nucleotide signalling in health and disease. This review synthesizes key data from literature that highlight ion channels as physiologically relevant effectors of cyclic nucleotide pathways in the vasculature, including the characterization of the molecular mechanisms involved. In smooth muscle cells, cation influx or chloride efflux through ion channels are associated with vasoconstriction, whereas K+ efflux repolarizes the cell membrane potential and mediates vasodilatation. Both categories of ion currents are under the influence of cAMP and cGMP pathways. Evidence that some ion channels are influenced by CN signalling in endothelial cells will also be presented. Emphasis will also be put on recent data touching a variety of determinants such as phosphodiesterases, EPAC and kinase anchoring, that complicate or even challenge former paradigms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Boris Manoury
- Inserm, Umr-S 1180, Université Paris-Saclay, Châtenay-Malabry, France.
| | - Sarah Idres
- Inserm, Umr-S 1180, Université Paris-Saclay, Châtenay-Malabry, France
| | - Véronique Leblais
- Inserm, Umr-S 1180, Université Paris-Saclay, Châtenay-Malabry, France
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17
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Liu M, Qian W, Subramaniyam S, Liu S, Xin W. Denatonium enhanced the tone of denuded rat aorta via bitter taste receptor and phosphodiesterase activation. Eur J Pharmacol 2020; 872:172951. [PMID: 32006560 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2020.172951] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2019] [Revised: 01/15/2020] [Accepted: 01/24/2020] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Bitter taste receptors (Tas2rs) initiate a bitter taste signaling involving the activation of taste-specific G protein gustducin and phosphodiesterases (PDEs); it leads to the decrease of cytosolic level of cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP) in taste cells. Recent studies have identified the expression of Tas2rs in a variety of non-lingual tissues including vascular smooth muscle (VSM), pulmonary smooth muscle and airway smooth muscle. The current study aims to determine the expression of Tas2rs and gustducin in rat aortic smooth muscle tissue and to investigate the effect of Tas2rs agonist denatonium on the tone of isolated denuded aorta rings. Here we reported the expression of six subtypes of Tas2r mRNA and the taste receptor-associated G proteins in endothelium-denuded aorta. Immunostaining experiments showed that the protein of gustducin expressed in vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs). Furthermore, denatonium increased the tone of freshly isolated denuded aorta rings in a concentration-dependent manner, and the potentiation effect of denatonium was blocked by a Tas2rs antagonist adenosine 5'-monophosphate (5'-AMP), by the cAMP-hydrolyzing PDE inhibitors, and by a cAMP-synthesizing enzyme activator forskolin, respectively. The blockade of Gβγ signaling did not have a negative impact on the denatonium-induced tonic contractions. These findings suggested that the functional Tas2rs and gustducin are expressed in rat aortic smooth muscle and that denatonium might increase the smooth muscle tone through a Tas2rs signaling pathway involving the activation of PDEs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Minchi Liu
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, China
| | - Wenjun Qian
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, China
| | | | - Shuang Liu
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, China
| | - Wenkuan Xin
- Key Laboratory of Luminescent and Real-Time Analytical Chemistry (Southwest University), Ministry of Education, China; College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, China.
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18
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Miura T, Miyashita Y, Soga Y, Hozawa K, Doijiri T, Ikeda U, Kuwahara K. Drug-Eluting Versus Bare-Metal Stent Implantation With or Without Cilostazol in the Treatment of the Superficial Femoral Artery. Circ Cardiovasc Interv 2019; 11:e006564. [PMID: 30354784 DOI: 10.1161/circinterventions.118.006564] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND New-generation bare-metal nitinol (BNS) and drug-eluting stents have improved long-term outcomes in patients undergoing endovascular therapy for femoropopliteal lesions. Furthermore, cilostazol reduces in-stent restenosis (ISR) after first-generation BNS implantation for femoropopliteal lesions. METHODS AND RESULTS We studied 255 patients with femoropopliteal lesions treated at 25 cardiovascular centers. Patients were randomly assigned to the BNS group (Misago stent implantation without cilostazol), BNS with cilostazol group (Misago stent implantation with cilostazol), or drug-eluting stents group (Zilver PTX stent implantation without cilostazol). Primary end point was 1-year restenosis noted using duplex ultrasound (peak systolic velocity ratio, >2.0). Secondary end point was major adverse limb events (limb-related death, target lesion revascularization, major amputation, and major bleeding). During the 1-year follow-up, 12 patients (4.7%) died and 237 (92.9%) had relevant ultrasound findings. The 1-year ISR rate did not differ significantly among the BNS, BNS with cilostazol, and drug-eluting stents groups (28.4% versus 12.2% versus 21.0%; P=0.052). Although the 1-year ISR rate was significantly lower in the BNS with cilostazol group than in the BNS group, it was similar to that in the drug-eluting stents group ( P=0.16). Major adverse limb event was significantly higher in the BNS group (16.9% versus 6.5% versus 6.3%; P=0.034); however, target lesion revascularization and major bleeding were similar (9.7% versus 5.1% versus 3.6%; P=0.25, 4.8% versus 1.2% versus 2.4%; P=0.37, respectively). CONCLUSIONS Misago stent implantation with cilostazol showed a comparable 1-year ISR rate with Zilver PTX. Cilostazol reduced the 1-year ISR rate after endovascular therapy when used with new-generation BNS. CLINICAL TRIAL REGISTRATION URL: http://www.umin.ac.jp/ctr/ . Unique identifier: UMIN 000010071.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takashi Miura
- Department of Cardiology, Nagano Municipal Hospital, Japan (T.M., U.I.).,Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Shinshu University Hospital, Matsumoto, Japan (Y.M., U.I., K.K.)
| | - Yusuke Miyashita
- Department of Cardiology, Nagano Red Cross Hospital, Japan (Y.M.)
| | - Yoshimitsu Soga
- Department of Cardiology, Kokura Memorial Hospital, Kitakyushu, Japan (Y.S.)
| | - Koji Hozawa
- Department of Cardiology, New Tokyo Hospital, Matsudo, Japan (K.H.)
| | - Tatsuki Doijiri
- Department of Cardiology, Yamato Seiwa Hospital, Japan (T.D.)
| | - Uichi Ikeda
- Department of Cardiology, Nagano Municipal Hospital, Japan (T.M., U.I.).,Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Shinshu University Hospital, Matsumoto, Japan (Y.M., U.I., K.K.)
| | - Koichiro Kuwahara
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Shinshu University Hospital, Matsumoto, Japan (Y.M., U.I., K.K.)
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19
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Vinogradova TM, Sirenko S, Lukyanenko YO, Yang D, Tarasov KV, Lyashkov AE, Varghese NJ, Li Y, Chakir K, Ziman B, Lakatta EG. Basal Spontaneous Firing of Rabbit Sinoatrial Node Cells Is Regulated by Dual Activation of PDEs (Phosphodiesterases) 3 and 4. Circ Arrhythm Electrophysiol 2019; 11:e005896. [PMID: 29880528 DOI: 10.1161/circep.117.005896] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2017] [Accepted: 03/27/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Spontaneous firing of sinoatrial node cells (SANCs) is regulated by cAMP-mediated, PKA (protein kinase A)-dependent (cAMP/PKA) local subsarcolemmal Ca2+ releases (LCRs) from RyRs (ryanodine receptors). LCRs occur during diastolic depolarization and activate an inward Na+/Ca2+ exchange current that accelerates diastolic depolarization rate prompting the next action potential. PDEs (phosphodiesterases) regulate cAMP-mediated signaling; PDE3/PDE4 represent major PDE activities in SANC, but how they modulate LCRs and basal spontaneous SANC firing remains unknown. METHODS Real-time polymerase chain reaction, Western blot, immunostaining, cellular perforated patch clamping, and confocal microscopy were used to elucidate mechanisms of PDE-dependent regulation of cardiac pacemaking. RESULTS PDE3A, PDE4B, and PDE4D were the major PDE subtypes expressed in rabbit SANC, and PDE3A was colocalized with α-actinin, PDE4D, SERCA (sarcoplasmic reticulum Ca2+ ATP-ase), and PLB (phospholamban) in Z-lines. Inhibition of PDE3 (cilostamide) or PDE4 (rolipram) alone increased spontaneous SANC firing by ≈20% (P<0.05) and ≈5% (P>0.05), respectively, but concurrent PDE3+PDE4 inhibition increased spontaneous firing by ≈45% (P<0.01), indicating synergistic effect. Inhibition of PDE3 or PDE4 alone increased L-type Ca2+ current (ICa,L) by ≈60% (P<0.01) or ≈5% (P>0.05), respectively, and PLB phosphorylation by ≈20% (P>0.05) each, but dual PDE3+PDE4 inhibition increased ICa,L by ≈100% (P<0.01) and PLB phosphorylation by ≈110% (P<0.05). Dual PDE3+PDE4 inhibition increased the LCR number and size (P<0.01) and reduced the SR (sarcoplasmic reticulum) Ca2+ refilling time (P<0.01) and the LCR period (time from action potential-induced Ca2+ transient to subsequent LCR; P<0.01), leading to decrease in spontaneous SANC cycle length (P<0.01). When RyRs were disabled by ryanodine and LCRs ceased, dual PDE3+PDE4 inhibition failed to increase spontaneous SANC firing. CONCLUSIONS Basal cardiac pacemaker function is regulated by concurrent PDE3+PDE4 activation which operates in a synergistic manner via decrease in cAMP/PKA phosphorylation, suppression of LCR parameters, and prolongation of the LCR period and spontaneous SANC cycle length.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tatiana M Vinogradova
- Laboratory of Cardiovascular Science, Gerontology Research Center, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Baltimore, MD.
| | - Syevda Sirenko
- Laboratory of Cardiovascular Science, Gerontology Research Center, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Baltimore, MD
| | - Yevgeniya O Lukyanenko
- Laboratory of Cardiovascular Science, Gerontology Research Center, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Baltimore, MD
| | - Dongmei Yang
- Laboratory of Cardiovascular Science, Gerontology Research Center, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Baltimore, MD
| | - Kirill V Tarasov
- Laboratory of Cardiovascular Science, Gerontology Research Center, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Baltimore, MD
| | - Alexey E Lyashkov
- Laboratory of Cardiovascular Science, Gerontology Research Center, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Baltimore, MD
| | - Nevin J Varghese
- Laboratory of Cardiovascular Science, Gerontology Research Center, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Baltimore, MD
| | - Yue Li
- Laboratory of Cardiovascular Science, Gerontology Research Center, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Baltimore, MD
| | - Khalid Chakir
- Laboratory of Cardiovascular Science, Gerontology Research Center, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Baltimore, MD
| | - Bruce Ziman
- Laboratory of Cardiovascular Science, Gerontology Research Center, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Baltimore, MD
| | - Edward G Lakatta
- Laboratory of Cardiovascular Science, Gerontology Research Center, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Baltimore, MD
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20
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MacKeil JL, Brzezinska P, Burke-Kleinman J, Theilmann AL, Nicol CJB, Ormiston ML, Maurice DH. Phosphodiesterase 3B (PDE3B) antagonizes the anti-angiogenic actions of PKA in human and murine endothelial cells. Cell Signal 2019; 62:109342. [PMID: 31176020 DOI: 10.1016/j.cellsig.2019.06.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2019] [Revised: 06/03/2019] [Accepted: 06/04/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Recent reports show that protein kinase A (PKA), but not exchange protein activated by cAMP (EPAC), acts in a cell autonomous manner to constitutively reduce the angiogenic sprouting capacity of murine and human endothelial cells. Specificity in the cellular actions of individual cAMP-effectors can be achieved when a cyclic nucleotide phosphodiesterase (PDE) enzyme acts locally to control the "pool" of cAMP that activates the cAMP-effector. Here, we examined whether PDEs coordinate the actions of PKA during endothelial cell sprouting. Inhibiting each of the cAMP-hydrolyzing PDEs expressed in human endothelial cells revealed that phosphodiesterase 3 (PDE3) inhibition with cilostamide reduced angiogenic sprouting in vitro, while inhibitors of PDE2 and PDE4 family enzymes had no such effect. Identifying a critical role for PDE3B in the anti-angiogenic effects of cilostamide, silencing this PDE3 variant, but not PDE3A, markedly impaired sprouting. Importantly, using both in vitro and ex vivo models of angiogenesis, we show the hypo-sprouting phenotype induced by PDE3 inhibition or PDE3B silencing was reversed by PKA inhibition. Examination of the individual cellular events required for sprouting revealed that PDE3B and PKA each regulated angiogenic sprouting by controlling the invasive capacity of endothelial cells, more specifically, by regulating podosome rosette biogenesis and matrix degradation. In support of the idea that PDE3B acts to inhibit angiogenic sprouting by limiting PKA-mediated reductions in active cdc42, the effects of PDE3B and/or PKA on angiogenic sprouting were negated in cells with reduced cdc42 expression or activity. Since PDE3B and PKA were co-localized in a perinuclear region in human ECs, could be co-immunoprecipitated from lysates of these cells, and silencing PDE3B activated the perinuclear pool of PKA in these cells, we conclude that PDE3B-mediated hydrolysis of cAMP acts to limit the anti-angiogenic potential of PKA in ECs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jodi L MacKeil
- Department of Biomedical and Molecular Sciences, Queen's University, Kingston, ON K7L 3N6, Canada
| | - Paulina Brzezinska
- Department of Biomedical and Molecular Sciences, Queen's University, Kingston, ON K7L 3N6, Canada
| | - Jonah Burke-Kleinman
- Department of Biomedical and Molecular Sciences, Queen's University, Kingston, ON K7L 3N6, Canada
| | - Anne L Theilmann
- Department of Biomedical and Molecular Sciences, Queen's University, Kingston, ON K7L 3N6, Canada; Department of Medicine, Queen's University, Kingston, ON K7L 3N6, Canada
| | - Christopher J B Nicol
- Department of Pathology and Molecular Medicine, Queen's University, Kingston, ON K7L 3N6, Canada
| | - Mark L Ormiston
- Department of Biomedical and Molecular Sciences, Queen's University, Kingston, ON K7L 3N6, Canada; Department of Medicine, Queen's University, Kingston, ON K7L 3N6, Canada
| | - Donald H Maurice
- Department of Biomedical and Molecular Sciences, Queen's University, Kingston, ON K7L 3N6, Canada; Department of Pathology and Molecular Medicine, Queen's University, Kingston, ON K7L 3N6, Canada.
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21
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Synergic PDE3 and PDE4 control intracellular cAMP and cardiac excitation-contraction coupling in a porcine model. J Mol Cell Cardiol 2019; 133:57-66. [PMID: 31158360 DOI: 10.1016/j.yjmcc.2019.05.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2019] [Revised: 05/05/2019] [Accepted: 05/30/2019] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
AIMS Cyclic AMP phosphodiesterases (PDEs) are important modulators of the cardiac response to β-adrenergic receptor (β-AR) stimulation. PDE3 is classically considered as the major cardiac PDE in large mammals and human, while PDE4 is preponderant in rodents. However, it remains unclear whether PDE4 also plays a functional role in large mammals. Our purpose was to understand the role of PDE4 in cAMP hydrolysis and excitation-contraction coupling (ECC) in the pig heart, a relevant pre-clinical model. METHODS AND RESULTS Real-time cAMP variations were measured in isolated adult pig right ventricular myocytes (APVMs) using a Förster resonance energy transfer (FRET) biosensor. ECC was investigated in APVMs loaded with Fura-2 and paced at 1 Hz allowing simultaneous measurement of intracellular Ca2+ and sarcomere shortening. The expression of the different PDE4 subfamilies was assessed by Western blot in pig right ventricles and APVMs. Similarly to PDE3 inhibition with cilostamide (Cil), PDE4 inhibition with Ro 20-1724 (Ro) increased cAMP levels and inotropy under basal conditions. PDE4 inhibition enhanced the effects of the non-selective β-AR agonist isoprenaline (Iso) and the effects of Cil, and increased spontaneous diastolic Ca2+ waves (SCWs) in these conditions. PDE3A, PDE4A, PDE4B and PDE4D subfamilies are expressed in pig ventricles. In APVMs isolated from a porcine model of repaired tetralogy of Fallot which leads to right ventricular failure, PDE4 inhibition also exerts inotropic and pro-arrhythmic effects. CONCLUSIONS Our results show that PDE4 controls ECC in APVMs and suggest that PDE4 inhibitors exert inotropic and pro-arrhythmic effects upon PDE3 inhibition or β-AR stimulation in our pre-clinical model. Thus, PDE4 inhibitors should be used with caution in clinics as they may lead to arrhythmogenic events upon stress.
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22
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Shin CH, Choi DS. Essential Roles for the Non-Canonical IκB Kinases in Linking Inflammation to Cancer, Obesity, and Diabetes. Cells 2019; 8:cells8020178. [PMID: 30791439 PMCID: PMC6406369 DOI: 10.3390/cells8020178] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2019] [Revised: 02/13/2019] [Accepted: 02/18/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Non-canonical IκB kinases (IKKs) TBK1 and IKKε have essential roles as regulators of innate immunity and cancer. Recent work has also implicated these kinases in distinctively controlling glucose homeostasis and repressing adaptive thermogenic and mitochondrial biogenic response upon obesity-induced inflammation. Additionally, TBK1 and IKKε regulate pancreatic β-cell regeneration. In this review, we summarize current data on the functions and molecular mechanisms of TBK1 and IKKε in orchestrating inflammation to cancer, obesity, and diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chong Hyun Shin
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA.
| | - Doo-Sup Choi
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA.
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23
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Choo YH, Jung YJ, Chang CH, Kim JH. Efficacy of dual antiplatelet therapy as premedication before diagnostic cerebral digital subtraction angiography. J Cerebrovasc Endovasc Neurosurg 2019; 21:131-137. [PMID: 31886147 PMCID: PMC6911932 DOI: 10.7461/jcen.2019.21.3.131] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2019] [Revised: 09/18/2019] [Accepted: 09/28/2019] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Yoon-Hee Choo
- Department of Neurosurgery, Yeungnam University College of Medicine, Daegu, Republic of Korea
| | - Young-Jin Jung
- Department of Neurosurgery, Yeungnam University College of Medicine, Daegu, Republic of Korea
| | - Chul-Hoon Chang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Yeungnam University College of Medicine, Daegu, Republic of Korea
| | - Jong-Hoon Kim
- Department of Neurosurgery, Yeungnam University College of Medicine, Daegu, Republic of Korea
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24
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Sugimoto K, Nomura S, Shirao S, Inoue T, Ishihara H, Kawano R, Kawano A, Oka F, Suehiro E, Sadahiro H, Shinoyama M, Oku T, Maruta Y, Hirayama Y, Hiyoshi K, Kiyohira M, Yoneda H, Okazaki K, Dreier JP, Suzuki M. Cilostazol decreases duration of spreading depolarization and spreading ischemia after aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage. Ann Neurol 2018; 84:873-885. [DOI: 10.1002/ana.25361] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2017] [Revised: 10/15/2018] [Accepted: 10/15/2018] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Kazutaka Sugimoto
- Department of Neurosurgery; Yamaguchi University School of Medicine; Yamaguchi Japan
| | - Sadahiro Nomura
- Department of Neurosurgery; Yamaguchi University School of Medicine; Yamaguchi Japan
| | - Satoshi Shirao
- Department of Neurosurgery; Yamaguchi University School of Medicine; Yamaguchi Japan
| | - Takao Inoue
- Department of Neurosurgery; Yamaguchi University School of Medicine; Yamaguchi Japan
| | - Hideyuki Ishihara
- Department of Neurosurgery; Yamaguchi University School of Medicine; Yamaguchi Japan
| | - Reo Kawano
- Center for Integrated Medical Research; Hiroshima University Hospital; Hiroshima Japan
| | - Akiko Kawano
- Department of Neurosurgery; Yamaguchi University School of Medicine; Yamaguchi Japan
| | - Fumiaki Oka
- Department of Neurosurgery; Yamaguchi University School of Medicine; Yamaguchi Japan
| | - Eiichi Suehiro
- Department of Neurosurgery; Yamaguchi University School of Medicine; Yamaguchi Japan
| | - Hirokazu Sadahiro
- Department of Neurosurgery; Yamaguchi University School of Medicine; Yamaguchi Japan
| | - Mizuya Shinoyama
- Department of Neurosurgery; Yamaguchi University School of Medicine; Yamaguchi Japan
| | - Takayuki Oku
- Department of Neurosurgery; Yamaguchi University School of Medicine; Yamaguchi Japan
| | - Yuichi Maruta
- Department of Neurosurgery; Yamaguchi University School of Medicine; Yamaguchi Japan
| | - Yuya Hirayama
- Department of Neurosurgery; Yamaguchi University School of Medicine; Yamaguchi Japan
| | - Koichiro Hiyoshi
- Department of Neurosurgery; Yamaguchi University School of Medicine; Yamaguchi Japan
| | - Miwa Kiyohira
- Department of Neurosurgery; Yamaguchi University School of Medicine; Yamaguchi Japan
| | - Hiroshi Yoneda
- Department of Neurosurgery; Yamaguchi University School of Medicine; Yamaguchi Japan
| | - Koki Okazaki
- Department of Neurosurgery; Yamaguchi University School of Medicine; Yamaguchi Japan
| | - Jens P. Dreier
- Center for Stroke Research Berlin; Berlin Germany
- Departments of Neurology
- Experimental Neurology; Charité University Medicine Berlin; Berlin Germany
| | - Michiyasu Suzuki
- Department of Neurosurgery; Yamaguchi University School of Medicine; Yamaguchi Japan
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25
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PDE3 Inhibitors Repurposed as Treatments for Age-Related Cognitive Impairment. Mol Neurobiol 2018; 56:4306-4316. [PMID: 30311144 DOI: 10.1007/s12035-018-1374-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2018] [Accepted: 09/27/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
As the population of older individuals grows worldwide, researchers have increasingly focused their attention on identifying key molecular targets of age-related cognitive impairments, with the aim of developing possible therapeutic interventions. Two such molecules are the intracellular cyclic nucleotides, cAMP and cGMP. These second messengers mediate fundamental aspects of brain function relevant to memory, learning, and cognitive function. Consequently, phosphodiesterases (PDEs), which hydrolyze cAMP and cGMP, are promising targets for the development of cognition-enhancing drugs. Inhibitors that target PDEs work by elevating intracellular cAMP. In this review, we provide an overview of different PDE inhibitors, and then we focus on pharmacological and physiological effects of PDE3 inhibitors in the CNS and peripheral tissues. Finally, we discuss findings from experimental and preliminary clinical studies and the potential beneficial effects of the PDE3 inhibitor cilostazol on age-related cognitive impairments. In the innovation pipeline of pharmaceutical development, the antiplatelet agent cilostazol has come into the spotlight as a novel treatment for mild cognitive impairment. Overall, the repurposing of cilostazol may represent a potentially promising way to treat mild cognitive impairment, Alzheimer's disease, and vascular dementia. In this review, we present a brief summary of cAMP signaling and different PDE inhibitors, followed by a discussion of the pharmacological and physiological role of PDE3 inhibitors. In this context, we discuss the repurposing of a PDE3 inhibitor, cilostazol, as a potential treatment for age-related cognitive impairment based on recent research.
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Abstract
INTRODUCTION Stroke not only causes critical disability and death but is also a cause of anxiety with the possibility of secondary cardiovascular events including secondary ischemic stroke. Indeed, patients with a history of previous stroke have a high rate of stroke recurrence, indicating the clinical importance of secondary stroke prevention. Area of covered: This review provides an overview of the pooled evidence for cilostazol's use in the management of secondary stroke prevention. Among the various antiplatelet agents that are available, aspirin is the most frequently used agent worldwide for the prevention of secondary stroke. Cilostazol, a selective phosphodiesterase (PDE) 3A inhibitor, is used worldwide for the treatment of patients with intermittent claudication. However, in Asia, cilostazol is recommended and used in practice for secondary stroke prevention. Expert opinion: The authors believe that cilostazol could be used for secondary stroke prevention not only in Asia but worldwide. However, further randomized trials on cilostazol are needed, especially in the US and Europe to better support its case.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kensuke Noma
- a Department of Cardiovascular Regeneration and Medicine , Research Center for Radiation Genome Medicine, Research Institute for Radiation Biology and Medicine (RIRBM), Hiroshima University , Hiroshima , Japan.,b Division of Regeneration and Medicine , Medical Center for Translational and Clinical Research, Hiroshima University Hospital , Hiroshima , Japan
| | - Yukihito Higashi
- a Department of Cardiovascular Regeneration and Medicine , Research Center for Radiation Genome Medicine, Research Institute for Radiation Biology and Medicine (RIRBM), Hiroshima University , Hiroshima , Japan.,b Division of Regeneration and Medicine , Medical Center for Translational and Clinical Research, Hiroshima University Hospital , Hiroshima , Japan
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27
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Idres S, Perrin G, Domergue V, Lefebvre F, Gomez S, Varin A, Fischmeister R, Leblais V, Manoury B. Contribution of BKCa channels to vascular tone regulation by PDE3 and PDE4 is lost in heart failure. Cardiovasc Res 2018; 115:130-144. [DOI: 10.1093/cvr/cvy161] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2017] [Accepted: 06/21/2018] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Aims
Regulation of vascular tone by 3′,5′-cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP) involves many effectors including the large conductance, Ca2+-activated, K+ (BKCa) channels. In arteries, cAMP is mainly hydrolyzed by type 3 and 4 phosphodiesterases (PDE3, PDE4). Here, we examined the specific contribution of BKCa channels to tone regulation by these PDEs in rat coronary arteries, and how this is altered in heart failure (HF).
Methods and results
Concomitant application of PDE3 (cilostamide) and PDE4 (Ro-20-1724) inhibitors increased BKCa unitary channel activity in isolated myocytes from rat coronary arteries. Myography was conducted in isolated, U46619-contracted coronary arteries. Cilostamide (Cil) or Ro-20-1724 induced a vasorelaxation that was greatly reduced by iberiotoxin (IBTX), a BKCa channel blocker. Ro-20-1724 and Cil potentiated the relaxation induced by the β-adrenergic agonist isoprenaline (ISO) or the adenylyl cyclase activator L-858051 (L85). IBTX abolished the effect of PDE inhibitors on ISO but did not on L85. In coronary arteries from rats with HF induced by aortic stenosis, contractility and response to acetylcholine were dramatically reduced compared with arteries from sham rats, but relaxation to PDE inhibitors was retained. Interestingly, however, IBTX had no effect on Ro-20-1724- and Cil-induced vasorelaxations in HF. Expression of the BKCa channel α-subunit, of a 98 kDa PDE3A and of a 80 kDa PDE4D were lower in HF compared with sham coronary arteries, while that of a 70 kDa PDE4B was increased. Proximity ligation assays demonstrated that PDE3 and PDE4 were localized in the vicinity of the channel.
Conclusion
BKCa channels mediate the relaxation of coronary artery induced by PDE3 and PDE4 inhibition. This is achieved by co-localization of both PDEs with BKCa channels, enabling tight control of cAMP available for channel opening. Contribution of the channel is prominent at rest and on β-adrenergic stimulation. This coupling is lost in HF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah Idres
- Signalling and Cardiovascular Pathophysiology—UMR-S 1180, Université Paris-Sud, INSERM, Université Paris-Saclay, 5 rue J-B Clément, Châtenay-Malabry, France
| | - Germain Perrin
- Signalling and Cardiovascular Pathophysiology—UMR-S 1180, Université Paris-Sud, INSERM, Université Paris-Saclay, 5 rue J-B Clément, Châtenay-Malabry, France
| | - Valérie Domergue
- UMS IPSIT, Université Paris-Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, 5 rue J-B Clément, Châtenay-Malabry, France
| | - Florence Lefebvre
- Signalling and Cardiovascular Pathophysiology—UMR-S 1180, Université Paris-Sud, INSERM, Université Paris-Saclay, 5 rue J-B Clément, Châtenay-Malabry, France
| | - Susana Gomez
- Signalling and Cardiovascular Pathophysiology—UMR-S 1180, Université Paris-Sud, INSERM, Université Paris-Saclay, 5 rue J-B Clément, Châtenay-Malabry, France
| | - Audrey Varin
- Signalling and Cardiovascular Pathophysiology—UMR-S 1180, Université Paris-Sud, INSERM, Université Paris-Saclay, 5 rue J-B Clément, Châtenay-Malabry, France
| | - Rodolphe Fischmeister
- Signalling and Cardiovascular Pathophysiology—UMR-S 1180, Université Paris-Sud, INSERM, Université Paris-Saclay, 5 rue J-B Clément, Châtenay-Malabry, France
| | - Véronique Leblais
- Signalling and Cardiovascular Pathophysiology—UMR-S 1180, Université Paris-Sud, INSERM, Université Paris-Saclay, 5 rue J-B Clément, Châtenay-Malabry, France
| | - Boris Manoury
- Signalling and Cardiovascular Pathophysiology—UMR-S 1180, Université Paris-Sud, INSERM, Université Paris-Saclay, 5 rue J-B Clément, Châtenay-Malabry, France
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Girotra T, Lowe F, Feng W, Ovbiagele B. Antiplatelet Agents in Secondary Stroke Prevention: Selection, Timing, and Dose. Curr Treat Options Neurol 2018; 20:32. [PMID: 29936577 DOI: 10.1007/s11940-018-0514-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW This narrative review critically evaluated the published studies regarding the systematic use of antiplatelet agents for secondary stroke prevention. RECENT FINDINGS Stroke is a leading cause of morbidity and mortality around the world. Multimodal prevention is the most viable strategy for reducing the societal burden of stroke recurrence. For secondary stroke prevention, antiplatelet therapy is at the core of effective long-term vascular risk reduction among survivors of an ischemic stroke or transient ischemic attack (TIA). In addition to aspirin, there are several antiplatelet agents proven to be efficacious in averting recurrent vascular events after an index ischemic stroke or TIA. However, beyond the challenges of keeping up with recent advances in antiplatelet drug options for secondary stroke prevention, questions linger about the most appropriate selection, timing, and dosing of antiplatelet treatment for a given patient. We narratively summarized the pharmacological properties of key antiplatelet drugs; discussed the evidence regarding efficacy, selection, timing, and dosing of various antiplatelet treatment regimens; and highlighted ongoing clinical trials identifying novel therapies with more favorable risk-benefit profiles than currently available antiplatelet agents for patients with a recent history of ischemic or TIA stroke. Finally, we reviewed published data on antiplatelet therapies that could potentially be applied in the management of commonly encountered challenging clinical scenarios.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tarun Girotra
- Department of Neurology, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, 29425, USA
| | - Forrest Lowe
- Department of Neurology, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, 29425, USA
| | - Wuwei Feng
- Department of Neurology, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, 29425, USA.
| | - Bruce Ovbiagele
- Department of Neurology, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, 29425, USA
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Pauwelyn V, Lefebvre RA. cAMP Catalyzing Phosphodiesterases Control Cholinergic Muscular Activity But Their Inhibition Does Not Enhance 5-HT 4 Receptor-Mediated Facilitation of Cholinergic Contractions in the Murine Gastrointestinal Tract. Front Pharmacol 2018; 9:171. [PMID: 29568269 PMCID: PMC5852062 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2018.00171] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2017] [Accepted: 02/15/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: As the signal transduction of 5-HT4 receptors on cholinergic neurons innervating smooth muscle is controlled by phosphodiesterase (PDE) 4 in porcine stomach and colon, and human large intestine, the in vivo gastroprokinetic effects of a 5-HT4 receptor agonist might be enhanced by combination with a selective PDE4 inhibitor. The presence of 5-HT4 receptors on cholinergic neurons towards murine gastrointestinal circular muscle was recently shown. If the control of this receptor pathway by PDE4 is also present in mice, this might be a good model for in vivo testing of the combination therapy. Therefore this study investigates the role of cAMP catalyzing PDEs in smooth muscle cell activity and in the intraneuronal signal transduction of the 5-HT4 receptors in the gastrointestinal tract of C57Bl/6J mice. Methods: In circular smooth muscle strips from murine fundus, jejunum, and colon, submaximal cholinergic contractions were induced by either electrical field stimulation (EFS) or by carbachol (muscarinic receptor agonist). The influence of the PDE inhibitors IBMX (non-selective), vinpocetine (PDE1), EHNA (PDE2), cilostamide (PDE3), and rolipram (PDE4) was tested on these contractions and on the facilitating effect of a submaximal concentration of prucalopride (5-HT4 receptor agonist) on EFS-induced contractions. Results: In the three gastrointestinal regions, IBMX and cilostamide concentration-dependently decreased carbachol- as well as EFS-induced contractions. Some inhibitory effect was also observed with rolipram. In the fundus a non-significant trend for an enhancement of the facilitating effect of prucalopride on EFS-induced contractions was observed with IBMX, but none of the selective PDE inhibitors enhanced the facilitating effect of prucalopride in fundus, jejunum or colon. Conclusion: In analogy with the porcine gastrointestinal tract, in murine fundus, jejunum, and colon circular smooth muscle PDE3 is the main regulator of the cAMP turnover, with some contribution of PDE4. In contrast to the porcine gastrointestinal tract, the in vitro facilitation of electrically induced cholinergic contractions by 5-HT4 receptor stimulation could not be enhanced by specific PDE inhibition. The C57Bl/6J murine model is thus not suitable for in vivo testing of a 5-HT4 receptor agonist combined with a selective PDE4 inhibitor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vicky Pauwelyn
- Department of Pharmacology, Heymans Institute, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Romain A Lefebvre
- Department of Pharmacology, Heymans Institute, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
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Xie X, Xu X, Sun C, Yu Z. Protective effects of cilostazol on ethanol-induced damage in primary cultured hepatocytes. Cell Stress Chaperones 2018; 23:203-211. [PMID: 29264710 PMCID: PMC5823801 DOI: 10.1007/s12192-017-0828-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2017] [Revised: 06/18/2017] [Accepted: 06/22/2017] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Alcoholic liver disease (ALD) caused by excessive alcohol consumption is associated with oxidative stress, mitochondrial dysfunction, and hepatocellular apoptosis. Cilostazol, a licensed clinical drug used to treat intermittent claudication, has been reported to act as a protective agent in a spectrum of diseases. However, little information regarding its role in ethanol-induced hepatocellular toxicity has been reported. In the current study, we investigated the protective effects and mechanisms of cilostazol on ethanol-induced hepatocytic injury. Rat primary hepatocytes were pretreated with cilostazol prior to ethanol treatment. MTT and LDH assay indicated that ethanol-induced cell death was ameliorated by cilostazol in a dose-dependent manner. Our results display that overproduction of intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) and 4-hydroxy-2-nonenal (4-HNE) induced by ethanol was attenuated by pretreatment with cilostazol. Furthermore, cilostazol significantly inhibited ethanol-induced generation of ROS in mitochondria. Importantly, it was shown that cilostazol could improve mitochondrial function in primary hepatocytes by restoring the levels of ATP and mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP). Additionally, cilostazol was found to reduce apoptosis induced by ethanol using a terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase dUTP nick-end labeling (TUNEL) assay. Mechanistically, we found that cilostazol prevented mitochondrial pathway-mediated apoptotic signals by reversing the expression of Bax and Bcl2, the level of cleaved caspase-3, and attenuating cytochrome C release. These findings suggest the possibility of novel ALD therapies using cilostazol.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuhua Xie
- Department of Infectious Disease, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, No.1 Jianshe Road, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450052, China
| | - Xiaopei Xu
- Department of Physical Examination, The Third People's Hospital of Henan Province, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450006, China
| | - Changyu Sun
- Department of Infectious Disease, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, No.1 Jianshe Road, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450052, China
| | - Zujiang Yu
- Department of Infectious Disease, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, No.1 Jianshe Road, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450052, China.
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Pauwelyn V, Ceelen W, Lefebvre RA. Synergy between 5-HT 4 receptor stimulation and phosphodiesterase 4 inhibition in facilitating acetylcholine release in human large intestinal circular muscle. Neurogastroenterol Motil 2018; 30. [PMID: 28799255 DOI: 10.1111/nmo.13162] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2017] [Accepted: 06/20/2017] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Gastroprokinetic properties of 5-HT4 receptor agonists, such as prucalopride, are attributed to activation of 5-HT4 receptors on cholinergic nerves innervating smooth muscle in the gastrointestinal smooth muscle layer, increasing acetylcholine release and muscle contraction. In porcine stomach and colon, phosphodiesterase (PDE) 4 has been shown to control the signaling pathway of these 5-HT4 receptors. The aim of this study was to investigate the PDE-mediated control of these 5-HT4 receptors in human large intestine. METHODS Circular smooth muscle strips were prepared from human large intestine; after incubation with [³H]-choline, electrically induced tritium outflow was determined as a measure for acetylcholine release. The influence of PDE inhibition on the facilitating effect of prucalopride on electrically induced acetylcholine release was studied. KEY RESULTS The non-selective PDE inhibitor IBMX enhanced the facilitating effect of prucalopride on electrically induced acetylcholine release. The selective inhibitors vinpocetine (PDE1), EHNA (PDE2) and cilostamide (PDE3) did not influence, while rolipram and roflumilast (PDE4) enhanced the prucalopride-induced facilitation to the same extent as IBMX. CONCLUSIONS & INFERENCES In human large intestinal circular muscle, the intracellular pathway of 5-HT4 receptors facilitating cholinergic neurotransmission to large intestinal circular smooth muscle is controlled by PDE4. If the synergy between 5-HT4 receptor agonism and PDE4 inhibition is confirmed in a functional assay with electrically induced cholinergic contractions of human large intestinal circular smooth muscle strips, combination of a selective 5-HT4 receptor agonist with a selective PDE4 inhibitor might enhance the in vivo prokinetic effect of the 5-HT4 receptor agonist in the large intestine.
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Affiliation(s)
- V Pauwelyn
- Department of Pharmacology - Heymans Institute, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - W Ceelen
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Ghent University Hospital, Ghent, Belgium
| | - R A Lefebvre
- Department of Pharmacology - Heymans Institute, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
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Hosseini A, Shafiee-Nick R, Sadeghian H, Parsaee H. Novel cilostamide analogs, phosphodiesterase 3 inhibitors, produce positive inotropic but differential lusitropic and chronotropic effects on isolated rat atria. IRANIAN JOURNAL OF BASIC MEDICAL SCIENCES 2017; 20:639-647. [PMID: 28868120 PMCID: PMC5569452 DOI: 10.22038/ijbms.2017.8831] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Objective(s): Recently, we showed that some new synthetic compounds structurally related to cilostamide (4-(1,2-dihydro-2-oxoquinolin-6-hydroxy)- N-cyclohexyl-N-methylbutanamide), a selective phosphodiesterase 3 (PDE3) inhibitor, produce inotropic effect comparable to that of IBMX (3-isobutyl-1-methylxanthine), a non-selective PDE inhibitor, but with differential chronotropic effect. In this investigation, we compared the pharmacological effects of these compounds as potential cardiotonic agents using the spontaneously beating atria model. Materials and Methods: In each experiment, rats were treated with reserpine. The atrium was isolated and mounted in an organ bath. We assessed chronotropic and inotropic effects using cumulative log concentration-response curves of isoprenaline alone or in combination of each test-compound. Results: Majority of test compounds augment atria contraction force (ACF) significantly but with different potencies on atrium contraction rate. Cilostamide, MCPIP ([4-(4-methyl piperazin-1-yl)-4-oxobutoxy)-4-methylquinolin-2(1H)-one]), methyl carbostyril compounds- (mc1), mc2 and mc5 increased the isoprenaline effect on ACF synergistically. But, mc6 failed to potentiate the effect of isoprenalin; mc3 and mc4 did not increase ACF, which may be because of their higher hydrophilic nature. It was interesting that mc2, alone or in combination with isoprenaline, produced the highest inotropic effect while it did not affect the basal contraction rate and almost blocked the isoprenaline chronotropic effect. Conclusion: Combination of mc2 with isoprenaline had synergistic effect on inotropic effect, but this combination reduced isoprenaline chronotropic effect; therefore, these effects cannot be related to reducing B-adrenergic receptors activity. These compounds showed different effects; probably all of them were not mediated via PDE3 inhibition and other mechanisms are involving.
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Affiliation(s)
- Azar Hosseini
- Pharmacological Research Center of Medicinal Plants, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Reza Shafiee-Nick
- Pharmacological Research Center of Medicinal Plants, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.,Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Hamid Sadeghian
- Department of Laboratory Sciences, School of Paramedical Sciences, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Heydar Parsaee
- Pharmacological Research Center of Medicinal Plants, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.,Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
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Drug-eluting stenting for femoropopliteal lesions, followed by cilostazol treatment, reduces stent restenosis in patients with symptomatic peripheral artery disease. J Vasc Surg 2017; 65:720-725. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jvs.2016.10.098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2016] [Accepted: 10/10/2016] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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Can Cyclic Nucleotide Phosphodiesterase Inhibitors Be Drugs for Parkinson's Disease? Mol Neurobiol 2017; 55:822-834. [PMID: 28062949 DOI: 10.1007/s12035-016-0355-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2016] [Accepted: 12/20/2016] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Parkinson's disease (PD) has no known cure; available therapies are only capable of offering temporary, symptomatic relief to the patients. Varied therapeutic strategies that are clinically used for PD are pharmacological therapies including dopamine replacement therapies (with or without adjuvant), postsynaptic dopamine receptor stimulation, dopamine catabolism inhibitors and also anticholinergics. Surgical therapies like deep brain stimulation and ablative surgical techniques are also employed. Phosphodiesterases (PDEs) are enzymes that degrade the phosphodiester bond in the second messenger molecules, cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP) and cyclic guanosine monophosphate (cGMP). A number of PDE families are highly expressed in the striatum including PDE1-4, PDE7, PDE9 and PDE10. There are growing evidences to suggest that these enzymes play a critical role in modulating cAMP-mediated dopamine signalling at the postsynaptic region. Therefore, it is clear that PDEs, given the broad range of subtypes and their varied tissue- and region-specific distributions, will be able to provide a range of possibilities as drug targets. There is no phosphodiesterase inhibitor currently approved for use against PD. The development of small molecule inhibitors against cyclic nucleotide PDE is a particularly hot area of investigation, and a lot of research and development is geared in this direction with major players in the pharmaceutical industry investing heavily in developing such potential drug entities. This review, while critically assessing the existing body of literature on brain PDEs with particular interest in the striatum in the context of motor function regulation, indicates it is certainly likely that PDE inhibitors could be developed as therapeutic agents against PD.
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Ohnuki Y, Ohnuki Y, Kohara S, Shimizu M, Takizawa S. Dual Therapy with Aspirin and Cilostazol May Improve Platelet Aggregation in Noncardioembolic Stroke Patients: A Pilot Study. Intern Med 2017; 56:1307-1313. [PMID: 28566591 PMCID: PMC5498192 DOI: 10.2169/internalmedicine.56.7760] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective Some previous studies have found clinical benefit of dual antiplatelet therapy with aspirin and cilostazol for prevention of secondary stroke, but the physiological mechanism involved remains unknown. We aimed to clarify the effects of aspirin/cilostazol therapy on the platelet and endothelial functions of patients with acute noncardioembolic ischemic stroke, in comparison to patients who were treated with aspirin alone. Methods The present randomized prospective pilot study enrolled 24 patients within a week after the onset of noncardioembolic ischemic stroke. The patients were randomly allocated to receive aspirin (100 mg/day) (A group; 11 patients) or cilostazol (200 mg/day) plus aspirin (100 mg/day) (CA group; 13 patients). We measured platelet aggregation, platelet activation, and the thrombomodulin (TM), highly sensitive C-reactive protein (hs-CRP), intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1), vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 (VCAM-1) and von Willebrand (vWF) antigen levels and vWF activity over a 4-week period after enrollment. Results There was no significant difference in the platelet functions of the A and CA groups. However, the platelet aggregation induced by adenosine diphosphate (ADP) was decreased at 2 and 4 weeks (p<0.05) after treatment in comparison to the pre-treatment values in the CA group, but not in the A group. Platelet activation, and the hs-CRP, TM, ICAM-1, VCAM-1 and vWF values did not significantly decrease after treatment in either group. Conclusion Although there were no significant differences in platelet aggregation, platelet activation or the endothelial biomarker levels of the A and CA groups, dual therapy with aspirin and cilostazol inhibited platelet aggregation in comparison to the pre-treatment values, similarly to patients who received aspirin alone. This may suggest the clinical usefulness of dual therapy with aspirin and cilostazol in the treatment of patients with noncardioembolic ischemic stroke.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoichi Ohnuki
- Division of Neurology, Department of Internal Medicine, Tokai University School of Medicine, Japan
| | - Yuko Ohnuki
- Department of Molecular Life Science, Basic Medical Science and Molecular Medicine, Tokai University School of Medicine, Japan
| | - Saori Kohara
- Division of Neurology, Department of Internal Medicine, Tokai University School of Medicine, Japan
| | - Mie Shimizu
- Division of Neurology, Department of Internal Medicine, Tokai University School of Medicine, Japan
| | - Shunya Takizawa
- Division of Neurology, Department of Internal Medicine, Tokai University School of Medicine, Japan
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Lee MH, Kim SU, Lee DH, Kim YI, Cho CB, Yang SH, Kim IS, Hong JT, Sung JH, Lee SW. Evaluation and Treatment of the Acute Cerebral Infarction with Convexal Subarachnoid Hemorrhage. J Cerebrovasc Endovasc Neurosurg 2016; 18:271-275. [PMID: 27847773 PMCID: PMC5104854 DOI: 10.7461/jcen.2016.18.3.271] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2015] [Revised: 09/01/2016] [Accepted: 09/12/2016] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Non-traumatic convexal subarachnoid hemorrhage (CSAH) is a comparatively infrequent with various vascular and nonvascular causes, it rarely occurs concomitant to acute ischemic stroke. We report a case of a 59-year-old woman, visited emergency room with right side subjective weakness spontaneously. Magnetic resonance diffusion-weighted images revealed an acute infarction of anterior cerebral arterial territory. Computed tomographic angiography showed a left frontal CSAH without any vascular lesions. And other laboratory studies were non-specific. We treated with dual antiplatelet drugs (cilostazole [Otsuka Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd. tokyo, Japan] and Aspirin [Bayer Pharma AG., Leverkusen, Germany]). She has done well for a follow-up period. (5 months) This case demonstrates the CSAH with acute infarction is rare but need to work up to identify the etiology and antiplatelet dugs are taken into account for treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min Hyung Lee
- Department of Neurosurgery, St. Vincent's Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Suwon, Korea
| | - Sang Uk Kim
- Department of Neurosurgery, St. Vincent's Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Suwon, Korea
| | - Dong Hoon Lee
- Department of Neurosurgery, St. Vincent's Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Suwon, Korea
| | - Young Il Kim
- Department of Neurosurgery, St. Vincent's Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Suwon, Korea
| | - Chul Bum Cho
- Department of Neurosurgery, St. Vincent's Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Suwon, Korea
| | - Seung Ho Yang
- Department of Neurosurgery, St. Vincent's Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Suwon, Korea
| | - Il Sup Kim
- Department of Neurosurgery, St. Vincent's Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Suwon, Korea
| | - Jae Taek Hong
- Department of Neurosurgery, St. Vincent's Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Suwon, Korea
| | - Jae Hoon Sung
- Department of Neurosurgery, St. Vincent's Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Suwon, Korea
| | - Sang Won Lee
- Department of Neurosurgery, St. Vincent's Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Suwon, Korea
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Tada T, Aki K, Oboshi W, Kawazoe K, Yasui T, Hosoi E. Evaluation of effects of various drugs on platelet functions using phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate-induced megakaryocytic human erythroid leukemia cells. DRUG DESIGN DEVELOPMENT AND THERAPY 2016; 10:3099-3107. [PMID: 27713620 PMCID: PMC5045028 DOI: 10.2147/dddt.s115910] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Background The hyperfunction and activation of platelets have been strongly implicated in the development and recurrence of arterial occlusive disease, and various antiplatelet drugs are used to treat and prevent such diseases. New antiplatelet drugs and many other drugs have been developed, but some drugs may have adverse effects on platelet functions. Objective The aim of this study was to establish an evaluation method for evaluating the effect and adverse effect of various drugs on platelet functions. Materials and methods Human erythroid leukemia (HEL) cells were used after megakaryocytic differentiation with phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate as an alternative to platelets. Drugs were evaluated by changes in intracellular Ca2+ concentration ([Ca2+]i) mobilization in Fura2-loaded phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate-induced HEL cells. Aspirin and cilostazol were selected as antiplatelet drugs and ibuprofen and sodium valproate as other drugs. Results There was a positive correlation between [Ca2+]i and platelet aggregation induced by thrombin. Aspirin (5.6–560 µM) and cilostazol (5–10 µM) significantly inhibited thrombin-induced increases in [Ca2+]i in a concentration-dependent manner. On the other hand, ibuprofen (8–200 µM) and sodium valproate (50–1,000 µg/mL) also significantly inhibited thrombin-induced increases in [Ca2+]i in a concentration-dependent manner. Furthermore, the interaction effects of the simultaneous combined use of aspirin and ibuprofen or sodium valproate were evaluated. When the inhibitory effect of aspirin was higher than that of ibuprofen, the effect of aspirin was reduced, whereas when the inhibitory effect of aspirin was lower than that of ibuprofen, the effect of ibuprofen was reduced. The combination of aspirin and sodium valproate synergistically inhibited thrombin-induced [Ca2+]i. Conclusion It is possible to induce HEL cells to differentiate into megakaryocytes, which are a useful model for the study of platelet functions, and the quantification of the inhibition of thrombin-induced increases in [Ca2+]i is applicable to the evaluation of the effects of various drugs on platelets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomoki Tada
- Subdivision of Biomedical Laboratory Sciences, Graduate School of Health Sciences, Tokushima University
| | - Kensaku Aki
- Department of Cells and Immunity Analytics, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Tokushima University Graduate School, Tokushima
| | - Wataru Oboshi
- Subdivision of Biomedical Laboratory Sciences, Graduate School of Health Sciences, Tokushima University; Department of Medical Technology, Kagawa Prefectural University of Health Sciences, Kagawa
| | - Kazuyoshi Kawazoe
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy Practice Pedagogy, Institute of Biomedical Sciences
| | - Toshiyuki Yasui
- Department of Reproductive and Menopausal Medicine, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Tokushima University Graduate School, Tokushima, Japan
| | - Eiji Hosoi
- Department of Cells and Immunity Analytics, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Tokushima University Graduate School, Tokushima
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Venkatasamy R, Spina D. Novel relaxant effects of RPL554 on guinea pig tracheal smooth muscle contractility. Br J Pharmacol 2016; 173:2335-51. [PMID: 27174172 PMCID: PMC4945770 DOI: 10.1111/bph.13512] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2015] [Revised: 03/31/2016] [Accepted: 05/02/2016] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE We investigated the effectiveness of RPL554, a dual PDE3 and 4 enzyme inhibitor, on airway smooth muscle relaxation and compared it with that induced by salbutamol, ipratropium bromide, glycopyrrolate or their combination on bronchomotor tone induced by different spasmogenic agents. EXPERIMENTAL APPROACH Guinea pig tracheal preparations were suspended under 1 g tension in Krebs-Henseleit solution maintained at 37°C and aerated with 95% O2 /5% CO2 and incubated in the presence of indomethacin (5 μM). Relaxation induced by cumulative concentrations of muscarinic receptor antagonists (ipratropium bromide or glycopyrrolate), β2 -adrenoceptor agonists (salbutamol or formoterol), PDE3 inhibitors (cilostamide, cilostazol or siguazodan) or a PDE4 inhibitor (roflumilast) was evaluated in comparison with RPL554. Maximal relaxation was calculated (% Emax papaverine) and expressed as mean ± SEM. KEY RESULTS Bronchomotor tone induced by the various spasmogens was reduced by the different bronchodilators to varying degrees. RPL554 (10-300 μM) caused near maximum relaxation irrespective of the spasmogen examined, whereas the efficacy of the other relaxant agents varied according to the contractile stimulus used. During the evaluation of potential synergistic interactions between bronchodilators, RPL554 proved superior to salbutamol when either was combined with muscarinic receptor antagonists. CONCLUSIONS AND IMPLICATIONS RPL554 produced near maximal relaxation of highly contracted respiratory smooth muscle and provided additional relaxation compared with that produced by other clinically used bronchodilator drugs. This suggests that RPL554 has the potential to produce additional beneficial bronchodilation over and above that of maximal clinical doses of standard bronchodilators in highly constricted airways of patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Venkatasamy
- Sackler Institute of Pulmonary Pharmacology, Institute of Pharmaceutical Science, King's College London, UK
| | - D Spina
- Sackler Institute of Pulmonary Pharmacology, Institute of Pharmaceutical Science, King's College London, UK
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Wang W, Zhang L, Liu W, Zhu Q, Lan Q, Zhao J. Antiplatelet Agents for the Secondary Prevention of Ischemic Stroke or Transient Ischemic Attack: A Network Meta-Analysis. J Stroke Cerebrovasc Dis 2016; 25:1081-1089. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jstrokecerebrovasdis.2016.01.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2015] [Revised: 01/04/2016] [Accepted: 01/20/2016] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
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Sahu M, Anamthathmakula P, Sahu A. Hypothalamic Phosphodiesterase 3B Pathway Mediates Anorectic and Body Weight-Reducing Effects of Insulin in Male Mice. Neuroendocrinology 2016; 104:145-156. [PMID: 27002827 PMCID: PMC5035167 DOI: 10.1159/000445523] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2015] [Accepted: 03/17/2016] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Insulin action in the hypothalamus plays a critical role in the regulation of energy homeostasis, yet the intracellular signaling mechanisms mediating insulin action are incompletely understood. Although phosphodiesterase 3B (PDE3B) mediates insulin action in the adipose tissue and it is highly expressed in the hypothalamic areas implicated in energy homeostasis, its role, if any, in mediating insulin action in the hypothalamus is unknown. We tested the hypothesis that insulin action in the hypothalamus is mediated by PDE3B. METHODS Using enzymatic assay, we examined the effects of peripheral or central administration of insulin on hypothalamic PDE3B activity in adult mice. Western blotting and immunohistochemistry also examined p-Akt and p-STAT3 levels in the hypothalamus. Effects of leptin on these parameters were also compared. We injected cilostamide, a PDE3 inhibitor, prior to central injection of insulin and examined the 12- to 24-hour food intake and 24-hour body weight. Finally, we examined the effect of cilostamide on insulin-induced proopiomelanocortin (Pomc), neurotensin (Nt), neuropeptide Y (Npy) and agouti-related peptide (Agrp) gene expression in the hypothalamus by qPCR. RESULTS Peripheral or central injection of insulin significantly increased PDE3B activity in the hypothalamus in association with increased p-Akt levels but without any change in p-STAT3 levels. However, leptin-induced increase in PDE3B activity was associated with an increase in both p-Akt and p-STAT3 levels in the hypothalamus. Prior administration of cilostamide reversed the anorectic and body weight-reducing effects as well as stimulatory effect of insulin on hypothalamic Pomc mRNA levels. Insulin did not alter Nt, Npy and Agrp mRNA levels. CONCLUSION Insulin induction of hypothalamic PDE3B activity and the reversal of the anorectic and body weight-reducing effects and stimulatory effect of insulin on hypothalamic Pomc gene expression by cilostamide suggest that activation of PDE3B is a novel mechanism of insulin signaling in the hypothalamus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maitrayee Sahu
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Sciences, Magee-Womens Research Institute, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Prashanth Anamthathmakula
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Sciences, Magee-Womens Research Institute, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Abhiram Sahu
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Sciences, Magee-Womens Research Institute, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
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Shishikura K, Horiuchi T, Sakata N, Trinh DA, Shirakawa R, Kimura T, Asada Y, Horiuchi H. Prostaglandin E2 inhibits neutrophil extracellular trap formation through production of cyclic AMP. Br J Pharmacol 2015; 173:319-31. [PMID: 26505736 DOI: 10.1111/bph.13373] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2015] [Revised: 10/05/2015] [Accepted: 10/12/2015] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Upon stimulation, neutrophils release their nuclear contents called neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs), which contain unfolded chromatin and lysosomal enzymes. NETs have been demonstrated to play a critical role in host defence, although the role of PGE2 , a bioactive substance generated in inflammatory tissues, in the formation of NETs remains unclear. EXPERIMENTAL APPROACH The effects of PGE2 , agonists and antagonists of its receptors, and modulators of the cAMP-PKA pathway on the formation of NETs were examined in vitro in isolated neutrophils and in vivo in a newly established mouse model. KEY RESULTS PGE2 inhibited PMA-induced NET formation in vitro through EP2 and EP4 Gαs-coupled receptors. Incubation with a cell-permeable cAMP analogue, dibutyryl cAMP, or various inhibitors of a cAMP-degrading enzyme, PDE, also suppressed NET formation. In the assay established here, where an agarose gel was s.c. implanted in mice and NET formation was detected on the surface of the gel, the extent of the NET formed was inhibited in agarose gels containing rolipram, a PDE4 inhibitor, and butaprost, an EP2 receptor agonist. CONCLUSIONS AND IMPLICATIONS PGE2 inhibits NET formation through the production of cAMP. These findings will contribute to the development of novel treatments for NETosis-related diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kyosuke Shishikura
- The Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Institute of Development, Aging and Cancer, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan
| | - Takahiro Horiuchi
- The Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Institute of Development, Aging and Cancer, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan
| | - Natsumi Sakata
- The Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Institute of Development, Aging and Cancer, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan
| | - Duc-Anh Trinh
- The Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Institute of Development, Aging and Cancer, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan.,The Department of Oral Cancer Therapeutics, Graduate School of Dentistry, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan
| | - Ryutaro Shirakawa
- The Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Institute of Development, Aging and Cancer, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan
| | - Tomohiro Kimura
- The Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Institute of Development, Aging and Cancer, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan
| | - Yujiro Asada
- The Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Miyazaki, Miyazaki, Japan
| | - Hisanori Horiuchi
- The Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Institute of Development, Aging and Cancer, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan.,The Department of Oral Cancer Therapeutics, Graduate School of Dentistry, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan
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Boularan C, Gales C. Cardiac cAMP: production, hydrolysis, modulation and detection. Front Pharmacol 2015; 6:203. [PMID: 26483685 PMCID: PMC4589651 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2015.00203] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2015] [Accepted: 09/03/2015] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Cyclic adenosine 3′,5′-monophosphate (cAMP) modulates a broad range of biological processes including the regulation of cardiac myocyte contractile function where it constitutes the main second messenger for β-adrenergic receptors' signaling to fulfill positive chronotropic, inotropic and lusitropic effects. A growing number of studies pinpoint the role of spatial organization of the cAMP signaling as an essential mechanism to regulate cAMP outcomes in cardiac physiology. Here, we will briefly discuss the complexity of cAMP synthesis and degradation in the cardiac context, describe the way to detect it and review the main pharmacological arsenal to modulate its availability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cédric Boularan
- Institut des Maladies Métaboliques et Cardiovasculaires, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, U1048, Université Toulouse III Paul Sabatier Toulouse, France
| | - Céline Gales
- Institut des Maladies Métaboliques et Cardiovasculaires, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, U1048, Université Toulouse III Paul Sabatier Toulouse, France
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Hubert F, Belacel-Ouari M, Manoury B, Zhai K, Domergue-Dupont V, Mateo P, Joubert F, Fischmeister R, Leblais V. Alteration of vascular reactivity in heart failure: role of phosphodiesterases 3 and 4. Br J Pharmacol 2015; 171:5361-75. [PMID: 25048877 DOI: 10.1111/bph.12853] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2013] [Revised: 06/24/2014] [Accepted: 07/12/2014] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE This study examined the role of the main vascular cAMP-hydrolysing phosphodiesterases (cAMP-PDE) in the regulation of basal vascular tone and relaxation of rat aorta mediated by β-adrenoceptors, following heart failure (HF). EXPERIMENTAL APPROACH Twenty-two weeks after proximal aortic stenosis, to induce HF, or SHAM surgery in rats, we evaluated the expression, activity and function of cAMP-PDE in the descending thoracic aorta. KEY RESULTS HF rat aortas exhibited signs of endothelial dysfunction, with alterations of the NO pathway, and alteration of PDE3 and PDE4 subtype expression, without changing total aortic cAMP-hydrolytic activity and PDE1, PDE3 and PDE4 activities. Vascular reactivity experiments using PDE inhibitors showed that PDE3 and PDE4 controlled the level of PGF2α -stimulated contraction in SHAM aorta. PDE3 function was partially inhibited by endothelial NO, whereas PDE4 function required a functional endothelium and was under the negative control of PDE3. In HF, PDE3 function was preserved, but its regulation by endothelial NO was altered. PDE4 function was abolished and restored by PDE3 inhibition. In PGF2α -precontracted arteries, β-adrenoceptor stimulation-induced relaxation in SHAM aorta, which was abolished in the absence of functional endothelium, as well as in HF aortas, but restored after PDE3 inhibition in all unresponsive arteries. CONCLUSIONS AND IMPLICATIONS Our study underlines the key role of the endothelium in controlling the contribution of smooth muscle PDE to contractile function. In HF, endothelial dysfunction had a major effect on PDE3 function and PDE3 inhibition restored a functional relaxation to β-adrenoceptor stimulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- F Hubert
- Faculté de Pharmacie, Inserm UMR-S 769, LabEx LERMIT-DHU TORINO, Châtenay-Malabry, France; Faculté de Pharmacie, Université Paris-Sud, Châtenay-Malabry, France; Department of Biomedical and Molecular Sciences, Queen's University, Kingston, Canada
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Hashimoto A, Tanaka M, Takeda S, Ito H, Nagano K. Cilostazol Induces PGI2 Production via Activation of the Downstream Epac-1/Rap1 Signaling Cascade to Increase Intracellular Calcium by PLCε and to Activate p44/42 MAPK in Human Aortic Endothelial Cells. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0132835. [PMID: 26181635 PMCID: PMC4504471 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0132835] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2015] [Accepted: 06/19/2015] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Cilostazol, a selective phosphodiesterase 3 (PDE3) inhibitor, is known as an anti-platelet drug and acts directly on platelets. Cilostazol has been shown to exhibit vascular protection in ischemic diseases. Although vascular endothelium-derived prostaglandin I2 (PGI2) plays an important role in vascular protection, it is unknown whether cilostazol directly stimulates PGI2 synthesis in endothelial cells. Here, we elucidate the mechanism of cilostazol-induced PGI2 stimulation in endothelial cells. Methods and Results Human aortic endothelial cells (HAECs) were stimulated with cilostazol and PGI2 accumulation in the culture media was measured. Cilostazol increased PGI2 synthesis via the arachidonic acid pathway. Cilostazol-induced intracellular calcium also promoted PGI2 synthesis via the inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate receptor. Using RNAi, silencing of PDE3B abolished the induction effect of cilostazol on PGI2 synthesis and intracellular cAMP accumulation. Inhibition of the exchange protein, which was directly activated by cyclic AMP 1 (Epac-1) and its downstream signal the Ras-like small GTPase (Rap-1), abolished cilostazol-induced PGI2 synthesis, but this did not take place via protein kinase A (PKA). Inhibition of downstream signaling, such as mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK), phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K) γ, and phospholipase C (PLC) ε, suppressed cilostazol-induced PGI2 synthesis. Conclusions The PDE3/Epac-1/Rap-1 signaling pathway plays an important role in cilostazol-induced PGI2 synthesis. Namely, stimulation of HAECs with cilostazol induces intracellular calcium elevation via the Rap-1/PLCε/IP3 pathway, along with MAPK activation via direct activation by Epac-1/Rap-1 and indirect activation by Epac-1/Rap-1/PI3Kγ, resulting in synergistically induced PGI2 synthesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ayako Hashimoto
- First Institute of New Drug Discovery, Otsuka Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Tokushima-shi, Tokushima, Japan
| | - Michinori Tanaka
- Medical Chemistry Research Institute, Otsuka Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd. Tokushima-shi, Tokushima, Japan
| | - Satoshi Takeda
- Qs'Research Institute, Otsuka Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd. Tokushima-shi, Tokushima, Japan
| | - Hideki Ito
- First Institute of New Drug Discovery, Otsuka Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Tokushima-shi, Tokushima, Japan
| | - Keisuke Nagano
- First Institute of New Drug Discovery, Otsuka Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Tokushima-shi, Tokushima, Japan
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Efficacy and Safety of Cilostazol Therapy in Ischemic Stroke: A Meta-analysis. J Stroke Cerebrovasc Dis 2015; 24:930-8. [PMID: 25804574 DOI: 10.1016/j.jstrokecerebrovasdis.2014.12.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2014] [Revised: 11/17/2014] [Accepted: 12/03/2014] [Indexed: 01/23/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Antiplatelet therapy is recommended for patients who have experienced ischemic stroke. We performed a meta-analysis to compare the efficacy and safety of cilostazol with other antiplatelet therapies in patients with ischemic stroke. METHODS PubMed, EMBASE, MEDLINE, and the Cochrane Library were searched for randomized controlled trials published in English from May 1999 to May 2013. Clinical outcomes were compared by pooled and meta-regression analyses. RESULTS Nine studies involving 6328 patients satisfied our inclusion criteria. Stroke recurrence (including hemorrhagic and ischemic) with cilostazol use was 5.3% (157) versus 8.3% (248) in control group (risk ratio .63 [.52-.76], 95% confidence interval [CI]). Poststroke intracranial hemorrhage was .5% (16) with cilostazol versus 1.6% (46) in control group (risk ratio .36 [.21-.63], 95% CI). Poststroke extracranial bleeding complications occurred in 2.4% (66) of the patients taking cilostazol versus 3.9% (108) in control group (risk ratio .62 [.46-.83], 95% CI). No significant difference in cerebrovascular events (nonfatal stroke, intracranial hemorrhage, and transient ischemic attack) was found between the cilostazol group (8.2%, 246) versus control group (12.0%, 360; risk ratio .71 [.50-1.01], 95% CI). In addition, the cilostazol therapy brought about a nonsignificant reduction of cardiac adverse events (heart failure, myocardial infarction, and angina pectoris) comparing with control groups, with 3.8% (99) of the cilostazol group versus 4.7% (123) of control group (risk ratio, .81 [.62-1.04], 95% CI). CONCLUSIONS Cilostazol, alone or in combination with aspirin, significantly reduces stroke recurrence, poststroke intracranial hemorrhage, and extracranial bleeding in patients with a prior ischemic stroke as compared with other antiplatelet therapies.
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46
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Page CP. Phosphodiesterase inhibitors for the treatment of asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Int Arch Allergy Immunol 2014; 165:152-64. [PMID: 25532037 DOI: 10.1159/000368800] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Xanthines like theophylline have long been recognised as being effective drugs for the treatment of asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). They are of interest as they possess both anti-inflammatory and bronchodilator activity in the same molecule. Since the discovery of phosphodiesterases (PDEs) in the late 1950s, it has been suggested that xanthines work, in part, by acting as non-selective PDE inhibitors. However, it has also been suggested that the ability of xanthines to non-selectively inhibit PDEs contributes to their many unwanted side effects, thus limiting their use since the arrival of inhaled drugs with more favourable safety profiles. As our understanding of PDEs has improved over the last 30 years, and with the recognition that the distribution of different PDEs varies across different cell types, this family of enzymes has been widely investigated as targets for novel drugs. In particular, PDE3 in airway smooth muscle and PDE4 and PDE7 in inflammatory cells have been targeted to provide new bronchodilators and anti-inflammatory agents, respectively. This review discusses the progress made in this field over the last decade in the development of selective PDE inhibitors to treat COPD and asthma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Clive P Page
- Sackler Institute of Pulmonary Pharmacology, Institute of Pharmaceutical Science, King's College London, London, UK
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Shi L, Pu J, Xu L, Malaguit J, Zhang J, Chen S. The efficacy and safety of cilostazol for the secondary prevention of ischemic stroke in acute and chronic phases in Asian population--an updated meta-analysis. BMC Neurol 2014; 14:251. [PMID: 25527141 PMCID: PMC4301843 DOI: 10.1186/s12883-014-0251-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2014] [Accepted: 12/11/2014] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Backgrounds While previous meta-analysis have investigated the efficacy of cilostazol in the secondary prevention of ischemic stroke, they were criticized for their methodology, which confused the acute and chronic phases of stroke. We present a new systematic review, which differs from previous meta-analysis by distinguishing between the different phases of stroke, and includes two new randomized, controlled trials (RCTs). Methods All RCTs investigating the effect of cilostazol on secondary prevention of ischemic stroke were obtained. Outcomes were analyzed by Review Manager, including recurrence of cerebral infarction (ROCI), hemorrhage stroke or subarachnoid hemorrhage (HSSH), all-cause death (ACD), and modified Rankin Scale score (mRS). The Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development and Evaluation (GRADE) assessed the quality of the evidence. Results 5491 patients from six studies were included in the current study. In secondary prevention of ischemic stroke in chronic phase, cilostazol was associated with a 47% reduction in ROCI (relative risk [RR] 0.53, 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.34 to 0.81, p = 0.003), while no significant difference in HSSH and ACD compared with placebo; and 71% reduction in HSSH (RR 0.29, 95% CI 0.15 to 0.56, p = 0.0002) compared with aspirin, but not in ROCI and ACD. In the secondary prevention of ischemic stroke in acute phase, cilostazol did not show any effect in the ROCI, HSSH, ACD and mRS compared to placebo or aspirin. The quality of the evidence from chronic phase was high or moderate, and those from acute phase were moderate or low when analyzed by GRADE approach. Conclusion Cilostazol provided a protective effect in the secondary prevention of the chronic phase of ischemic stroke.
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Affiliation(s)
- LiGen Shi
- Department of Neurosurgery, Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, 88 Jiefang Road, Hangzhou, 310009, Zhejiang, China.
| | - JiaLi Pu
- Department of Neurology, Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China.
| | - Liang Xu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, 88 Jiefang Road, Hangzhou, 310009, Zhejiang, China.
| | - Jay Malaguit
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Loma Linda University, Loma Linda, CA, USA.
| | - Jianmin Zhang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, 88 Jiefang Road, Hangzhou, 310009, Zhejiang, China.
| | - Sheng Chen
- Department of Neurosurgery, Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, 88 Jiefang Road, Hangzhou, 310009, Zhejiang, China.
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Weninger S, Van Craenenbroeck K, Cameron RT, Vandeput F, Movsesian MA, Baillie GS, Lefebvre RA. Phosphodiesterase 4 interacts with the 5-HT4(b) receptor to regulate cAMP signaling. Cell Signal 2014; 26:2573-82. [PMID: 25101859 DOI: 10.1016/j.cellsig.2014.07.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2014] [Revised: 06/28/2014] [Accepted: 07/28/2014] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Phosphodiesterase (PDE) 3 and PDE4, which degrade cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP), are important regulators of 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT) 4 receptor signaling in cardiac tissue. Therefore, we investigated whether they interact with the 5-HT4(b) receptor, and whether A-kinase anchoring proteins (AKAPs), scaffolding proteins that bind to the regulatory subunit of protein kinase A (PKA) and contribute to the spacial-temporal control of cAMP signaling, are involved in the regulation of 5-HT4(b) receptor signaling. By measuring PKA activity in the absence and presence of PDE3 and PDE4 inhibitiors, we found that constitutive signaling of the overexpressed HA-tagged 5-HT4(b) receptor in HEK293 cells is regulated predominantly by PDE4, with a secondary role for PDE3 that is unmasked in the presence of PDE4 inhibition. Overexpressed PDE4D3 and PDE3A1, and to a smaller extent PDE4D5 co-immunoprecipitate constitutively with the 5-HT4(b) receptor. PDE activity measurements in immunoprecipitates of the 5-HT4(b) receptor confirm the association of PDE4D3 with the receptor and provide evidence that the activity of this PDE may be increased upon receptor stimulation with 5-HT. A possible involvement of AKAPs in 5-HT4(b) receptor signaling was uncovered in experiments using the St-Ht31 inhibitor peptide, which disrupts the interaction of AKAPs with PKA. However, St-Ht31 did not influence 5-HT4(b) receptor-stimulated PKA activity, and endogenous AKAP79 and gravin were not found in immunoprecipitates of the 5-HT4(b) receptor. In conclusion, we found that both PDE3A1 and PDE4D3 are integrated into complexes that contain the 5-HT4(b) receptor and may thereby regulate 5-HT4(b) receptor-mediated signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Weninger
- Heymans Institute of Pharmacology, Ghent University, De Pintelaan 185, Ghent 9000, Belgium
| | - K Van Craenenbroeck
- Laboratory for Eukaryotic Gene Expression and Signal Transduction, Ghent University, Proeftuinstraat 86, Ghent 9000, Belgium
| | - R T Cameron
- Institute of Cardiovascular and Medical Science, University of Glasgow, Office 534, Wolfson-Link Building, Glasgow G12 8QQ, UK
| | - F Vandeput
- Cardiovascular Medicine Division, VA Salt Lake City Health Care System and University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, UT 84148, USA
| | - M A Movsesian
- Cardiovascular Medicine Division, VA Salt Lake City Health Care System and University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, UT 84148, USA
| | - G S Baillie
- Institute of Cardiovascular and Medical Science, University of Glasgow, Office 534, Wolfson-Link Building, Glasgow G12 8QQ, UK
| | - R A Lefebvre
- Heymans Institute of Pharmacology, Ghent University, De Pintelaan 185, Ghent 9000, Belgium.
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Korhonen R, Hömmö T, Keränen T, Laavola M, Hämäläinen M, Vuolteenaho K, Lehtimäki L, Kankaanranta H, Moilanen E. Attenuation of TNF production and experimentally induced inflammation by PDE4 inhibitor rolipram is mediated by MAPK phosphatase-1. Br J Pharmacol 2014; 169:1525-36. [PMID: 23849041 DOI: 10.1111/bph.12189] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2012] [Revised: 03/10/2013] [Accepted: 03/13/2013] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE 3',5'-Cyclic nucleotide PDE4 is expressed in several inflammatory and immune cells, and PDE4 catalyses the hydrolysis of cAMP to 5'AMP, down-regulating cAMP signalling in cells. MAPK phosphatase-1 (MKP-1) is an endogenous p38 MAPK signalling suppressor and limits inflammatory gene expression and inflammation. In the present study, we investigated the effect of a PDE4 inhibitor rolipram on MKP-1 expression and whether MKP-1 is involved in the anti-inflammatory effects of rolipram. EXPERIMENTAL APPROACH The effect of rolipram on TNF production was investigated in J774 mouse macrophage cell line and in primary mouse peritoneal macrophages (PM) from wild-type (WT) and MKP-1(-/-) mice. We also investigated the effect of rolipram on carrageenan-induced paw inflammation in WT and MKP-1(-/-) mice. KEY RESULTS MKP-1 expression was enhanced by rolipram, by a non-selective PDE inhibitor IBMX and by a cAMP analogue 8-Br-cAMP in J774 cells and in PM. Enhanced MKP-1 mRNA expression by rolipram was reversed by a PKA inhibitor. Rolipram, IBMX and 8-Br-cAMP also inhibited TNF production in activated macrophages. Accordingly, rolipram inhibited TNF production in PMs from WT mice but, interestingly, not in PMs from MKP-1(-/-) mice. Furthermore, rolipram attenuated carrageenan-induced paw inflammation in WT but not in MKP-1(-/-) mice. CONCLUSIONS AND IMPLICATIONS PDE4 inhibitor rolipram was found to enhance the expression of MKP-1, and MKP-1 mediated, at least partly, the anti-inflammatory effects of PDE4 inhibition. The results suggest that compounds that enhance MKP-1 expression and/or MKP-1 activity hold potential as novel anti-inflammatory drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Riku Korhonen
- The Immunopharmacology Research Group, University of Tampere School of Medicine and Tampere University Hospital, Tampere, Finland.
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Carøe Nordgaard J, Kruse LS, Gammeltoft S, Kruuse CR. Role of Ser102 and Ser104 as regulators of cGMP hydrolysis by PDE5A. PLoS One 2014; 9:e107627. [PMID: 25247292 PMCID: PMC4172485 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0107627] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2014] [Accepted: 05/28/2014] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Phosphodiesterases (PDEs) cleave phosphodiester bonds in cyclic nucleotides and play diverse roles in cell biology. PDE5A is a cytoplasmic phosphodiesterase which specifically degrades cyclic guanosine monophosphate (cGMP), a cell signaling molecule that plays important roles in neuronal signaling and vascular smooth muscle contraction. Inhibition of PDE5A induces headache resembling migraine headaches. Aim To test the hypothesis that Ser102 and Ser104 in PDE5A and/or their phosphoserine derivatives 1) regulate the intracellular localization and/or activity of PDE5A, and 2) modulate the interaction between PDE5A and pharmaceutical reagents in clinical or pre-clinical use for migraine headaches and other types of vascular dysfunction. Methods Wild type PDE5A or PDE5A with substitution mutations (Ser102Ala, Ser104Ala or Ser102Ala/Ser104Ala) were overexpressed in SK-N-AS neuroblastoma cells as C-terminal fusions with green fluorescent protein. Transfected cells were treated with sildenafil, cilostazol, glyceryl trinitrate, calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP) or sumatriptan. PDE5A-GFP fusion proteins were localized in fixed cells by immunofluorescence and PDE activity was quantified in cell extracts by standard in vitro assay using [3H] cGMP. Results The intracellular distribution of wild-type, single and double mutant PDE5A was similar and was not altered by exposure to sildenafil, cilostazol, glyceryl trinitrate, calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP) or sumatriptan. PDE5 activity was similar for wild type, Ser102Ala and Ser104Ala PDE5A, but activity of the Ser102Ala/Ser104Ala mutant was approximately two-fold higher than wild type. Double mutant Ser102Ala/Ser104Ala migrated as a single band on a native acrylamide gel, while wild-type and single mutant PDE5A migrated as a doublet. Interpretation Ser102 and Ser104 may influence the conformational flexibility of PDE5A, which may in turn influence phosphorylation status, allosteric regulation by cGMP or other as yet unknown regulatory mechanisms for PDE5A. PDE5A activation could be important in reversal of migraine-like headache.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julie Carøe Nordgaard
- Lundbeck Foundation Center for Neurovascular signaling (LUCENS), Glostrup Research Institute, Glostrup Hospital, University of Copenhagen, Glostrup, Denmark
| | - Lars Schack Kruse
- Department of Clinical Experimental Research, Glostrup Hospital, University of Copenhagen, Glostrup, Denmark
| | - Steen Gammeltoft
- Department of Diagnostics, Clinical Biochemistry section Glostrup Hospital, University of Copenhagen, Glostrup, Denmark
| | - Christina Rostrup Kruuse
- Lundbeck Foundation Center for Neurovascular signaling (LUCENS), Glostrup Research Institute, Glostrup Hospital, University of Copenhagen, Glostrup, Denmark
- Department of Neurology, Neurovascular Research Unit, Herlev Hospital, University of Copenhagen, Herlev, Denmark
- * E-mail:
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