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Wohlgemuth RP, Sriram S, Henricson KE, Dinh DT, Brashear SE, Smith LR. Strain-dependent dynamic re-alignment of collagen fibers in skeletal muscle extracellular matrix. Acta Biomater 2024:S1742-7061(24)00479-3. [PMID: 39209134 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2024.08.035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2024] [Revised: 08/21/2024] [Accepted: 08/22/2024] [Indexed: 09/04/2024]
Abstract
Collagen fiber architecture within the skeletal muscle extracellular matrix (ECM) is significant to passive muscle mechanics. While it is thought that collagen fibers re-orient themselves in response to changes in muscle length, this has not been dynamically visualized and quantified within a muscle. The goal of this study was to measure changes in collagen alignment across a range of muscle lengths and compare the corresponding alignment to muscle mechanics. We hypothesized that collagen fibers dynamically increase alignment in response to muscle stretching, and this change in alignment is related to passive muscle stiffness. Further, we hypothesized that digesting collagen fibers with collagenase would reduce the re-alignment response to muscle stretching. Using DBA/2J and D2.mdx mice, we isolated extensor digitorum longus (EDL), soleus, and diaphragm muscles for collagenase or sham treatment and decellularization to isolate intact or collagenase-digested decellularized muscles (DCMs). These DCMs were mechanically tested and imaged using second harmonic generation microscopy to measure collagen alignment across a range of strains. We found that collagen alignment increased in a strain-dependent fashion, but collagenase did not significantly affect the strain-dependent change in alignment. We also saw that the collagen fibers in the diaphragm epimysium (surface ECM) and perimysium (deep ECM) started at different angles, but still re-oriented in the same direction in response to stretching. These robust changes in collagen alignment were weakly related to passive DCM stiffness. Overall, we demonstrated that the architecture of muscle ECM is dynamic in response to strain and is related to passive muscle mechanics. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE: : Our study presents a unique visualization and quantification of strain-induced changes in muscle collagen fiber alignment as they relate to passive mechanics. Using dynamic imaging of collagen in skeletal muscle we demonstrate that as skeletal muscle is stretched, collagen fibers re-orient themselves along the axis of stretch and increase their alignment. The degree of alignment and the increase in alignment are each weakly related to passive muscle stiffness. Collagenase treatments further demonstrate that the basis for muscle Extracellular matrix stiffness is dependent on factors beyond collagen crosslinking and alignment. Together the study contributes to the knowledge of the structure-function relationships of muscle extracellular matrix to tissue stiffness relevant to conditions of fibrosis and aberrant stiffness.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ross P Wohlgemuth
- Department of Neurobiology, Physiology, & Behavior; University of California Davis
| | - Sathvik Sriram
- Department of Neurobiology, Physiology, & Behavior; University of California Davis
| | - Kyle E Henricson
- Department of Neurobiology, Physiology, & Behavior; University of California Davis
| | - Daryl T Dinh
- Department of Neurobiology, Physiology, & Behavior; University of California Davis
| | - Sarah E Brashear
- Department of Neurobiology, Physiology, & Behavior; University of California Davis
| | - Lucas R Smith
- Department of Neurobiology, Physiology, & Behavior; University of California Davis; Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation; University of California Davis.
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2
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Aiyama E, Kato N. Differences in Lipid Order and Dynamics in Plasma Membranes Assessed by Nonlinear Optical Microscopy. J Phys Chem B 2024; 128:1680-1688. [PMID: 38347710 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpcb.3c06725] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/23/2024]
Abstract
When amphiphilic polar dyes were added to the cells, they intercalated predominantly in the outer leaf of the plasma membrane, making them active for second harmonic generation (SHG). The fluorescence of the dye enabled simultaneous 3D imaging of SHG and two-photon excited fluorescence (TPF). Because SHG intensity is sensitive to the alignment of the dyes, which reflects lipid ordering in the plasma membrane, we assessed the difference in lipid ordering by comparing the SHG intensity normalized to the TPF intensity. Together with an enzyme release assay that detects pore formation in the plasma membrane, our SHG assay revealed how polycations affect lipid ordering at low concentrations, where membrane damage has not yet been examined. By scaling the results of the assays with the charge concentration of the two polycations, polyethylenimine (PEI) and poly-l-lysine (PLL), we found that PEI reduced the lipid order more than PLL, and PLL formed more pores than PEI. A comparison of the SHG and TPF images of the wounded cells revealed that one of the lipid dynamics (flip-flop) was significantly enhanced in the bleb membrane. Moreover, the SHG assay indicated that the biocompatible polymer, poly(N-(2-hydroxypropyl)methacrylamide), did not affect the lipid order. Thus, our technique allows the assessment of the plasma membrane structure at the molecular level.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eriko Aiyama
- Graduate School of Science and Technology, Meiji University, Kawasaki 215-8571, Japan
| | - Noritaka Kato
- Graduate School of Science and Technology, Meiji University, Kawasaki 215-8571, Japan
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Naim C, Vangheluwe R, Ledoux-Rak I, Champagne B, Tonnelé C, Blanchard-Desce M, Matito E, Castet F. Electric-field induced second harmonic generation responses of push-pull polyenic dyes: experimental and theoretical characterizations. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2023; 25:13978-13988. [PMID: 37191226 DOI: 10.1039/d3cp00750b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/17/2023]
Abstract
The second-order nonlinear optical properties of four series of amphiphilic cationic chromophores involving different push-pull extremities and increasingly large polyenic bridges have been investigated both experimentally, by means of electric field induced second harmonic (EFISH) generation, and theoretically, using a computational approach combining classical molecular dynamics (MD) and quantum chemical (QM) calculations. This theoretical methodology allows to describe the effects of structural fluctuations on the EFISH properties of the complexes formed by the dye and its iodine counterion, and provides a rationale to EFISH measurements. The good agreement between experimental and theoretical results proves that this MD + QM scheme constitutes a useful tool for a rational, computer-aided, design of SHG dyes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carmelo Naim
- Univ. Bordeaux, CNRS, Bordeaux INP, ISM, UMR 5255, F-33400 Talence, France.
- Donostia International Physics Center (DIPC), Manuel Lardizabal Ibilbidea 4, 20018 Donostia, Euskadi, Spain.
| | - Raphaël Vangheluwe
- Univ. Bordeaux, CNRS, Bordeaux INP, ISM, UMR 5255, F-33400 Talence, France.
| | - Isabelle Ledoux-Rak
- Laboratoire Lumière, Matière et Interfaces, Institut d'Alembert-ENS Paris Saclay-CNRS-CentraleSupelec, 4 Avenue des Sciences, 91190, Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - Benoît Champagne
- Unité de Chimie Physique Théorique et Structurale, Chemistry Department, Namur Institute of Structured Matter, University of Namur, Belgium
| | - Claire Tonnelé
- Donostia International Physics Center (DIPC), Manuel Lardizabal Ibilbidea 4, 20018 Donostia, Euskadi, Spain.
| | | | - Eduard Matito
- Donostia International Physics Center (DIPC), Manuel Lardizabal Ibilbidea 4, 20018 Donostia, Euskadi, Spain.
- Ikerbasque Foundation for Science, Plaza Euskadi 5, 48009 Bilbao, Euskadi, Spain
| | - Frédéric Castet
- Univ. Bordeaux, CNRS, Bordeaux INP, ISM, UMR 5255, F-33400 Talence, France.
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4
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Bouquiaux C, Castet F, Champagne B. Influence of the Nature of the Lipid Building Blocks on the Second-Order Nonlinear Optical Responses of an Embedded Di-8-ANEPPS Probe. J Phys Chem B 2023; 127:528-541. [PMID: 36606294 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpcb.2c08093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
The extensive collection of lipids found in cell membranes is justified by the fact that each lipid contributes to their overall structure, dynamics, and properties and so to the biological processes taking place within them. It also showcases that, in order to deepen our understanding of membranes, we need to have a tool to differentiate lipid bilayers of varying composition. In this work, we investigate a suite of single-component saturated glycerophospholipids varying only in their headgroup structure by analyzing the second harmonic generation (SHG) nonlinear optical (NLO) response of a probe, di-8-ANEPPS, embedded into the membranes. The seven hydrophilic heads chosen (phosphatidylcholine (PC), phosphatidylethanolamine (PE), diaglycerol (GL), phosphatidylserine (PS), phosphatidylglycerol (PG), phosphatidylinositol (PI), and phosphatidyc acid (PA)) represent all the major headgroups that are part of mammalian plasma membranes and provide an assortment of neutral, zwiterrionic, and charged species. First, molecular dynamics simulations revealed that the lipidic arrangement is strongly sensitive to the nature of the hydrophilic head and less to the variety in the hydrophobic region. Membranes exhibiting drastically opposite structural properties can be pointed out: 1,2-dihexadecanoyl-rac-glycerol (DPGL) is the thickest and most ordered and aligned system, whereas 1,2-diacyl-sn-glycero-3-phospho-(1'-sn-glycerol) (DPPG) is thinnest and least ordered and aligned system. The structural analyses are then confronted with the molecular NLO responses, β, computed at the time-dependent density functional theory (TDDFT) level. As the orientation of the chromophore is impacted by the various degrees of order within the lipid bilayers, the diagonal component of the β tensor parallel to the bilayer normal, βZZZ, is as well. In the end, this computational approach provides insights into the link between lipid building blocks and the NLO responses of the embedded dye.
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Affiliation(s)
- Charlotte Bouquiaux
- University of Namur, Theoretical Chemistry Lab, Unit of Theoretical and Structural Physical Chemistry, Namur Institute of Structured Matter, rue de Bruxelles, 61, B-5000Namur, Belgium
| | - Frédéric Castet
- University of Bordeaux, Institut des Sciences Moléculaires, UMR 5255 CNRS, cours de la Libération 351, F-33405 CedexTalence, France
| | - Benoît Champagne
- University of Namur, Theoretical Chemistry Lab, Unit of Theoretical and Structural Physical Chemistry, Namur Institute of Structured Matter, rue de Bruxelles, 61, B-5000Namur, Belgium
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Page EF, Blake MJ, Foley GA, Calhoun TR. Monitoring membranes: The exploration of biological bilayers with second harmonic generation. CHEMICAL PHYSICS REVIEWS 2022; 3:041307. [PMID: 36536669 PMCID: PMC9756348 DOI: 10.1063/5.0120888] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2022] [Accepted: 11/03/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Nature's seemingly controlled chaos in heterogeneous two-dimensional cell membranes stands in stark contrast to the precise, often homogeneous, environment in an experimentalist's flask or carefully designed material system. Yet cell membranes can play a direct role, or serve as inspiration, in all fields of biology, chemistry, physics, and engineering. Our understanding of these ubiquitous structures continues to evolve despite over a century of study largely driven by the application of new technologies. Here, we review the insight afforded by second harmonic generation (SHG), a nonlinear optical technique. From potential measurements to adsorption and diffusion on both model and living systems, SHG complements existing techniques while presenting a large exploratory space for new discoveries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eleanor F. Page
- Department of Chemistry, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tennessee 37996, USA
| | - Marea J. Blake
- Department of Chemistry, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tennessee 37996, USA
| | - Grant A. Foley
- Department of Chemistry, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tennessee 37996, USA
| | - Tessa R. Calhoun
- Department of Chemistry, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tennessee 37996, USA
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Cai Q, Liu G, Huang L, Guan Y, Wei H, Dou Z, Liu D, Hu Y, Gao M. The Role of Dexmedetomidine in Tumor-Progressive Factors in the Perioperative Period and Cancer Recurrence: A Narrative Review. Drug Des Devel Ther 2022; 16:2161-2175. [PMID: 35821701 PMCID: PMC9271281 DOI: 10.2147/dddt.s358042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2022] [Accepted: 05/28/2022] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Dexmedetomidine, a specific α2 adrenergic receptor agonist, is highly frequently used in the perioperatively for its favorable pharmacology, such as mitigating postoperative cognitive dysfunction. Increasing attention has been recently focused on the effect of whether dexmedetomidine influences cancer recurrence, which urges the discussion of the role of dexmedetomidine in tumor-progressive factors. The pharmacologic characteristics of dexmedetomidine, the tumor-progressive factors in the perioperative period, and the relationships between dexmedetomidine and tumor-progressive factors were described in this review. Available evidence suggests that dexmedetomidine could reduce the degree of immune function suppression, such as keeping the number of CD3+ cells, NK cells, CD4+/CD8+ ratio, and Th1/Th2 ratio stable and decreasing the level of proinflammatory cytokine (interleukin 6 and tumor necrosis factor-alpha) during cancer operations. However, dexmedetomidine exhibits different roles in cell biological behavior depending on cancer cell types. The conclusions on whether dexmedetomidine would influence cancer recurrence could not be currently drawn for the lack of strong clinical evidence. Therefore, this is still a new area that needs further exploration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiang Cai
- Department of Orthopedics, Xiangyang Central Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Hubei University of Arts and Science, Xiangyang, Hubei, People’s Republic of China
| | - Guoqing Liu
- Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, People’s Republic of China
| | - Linsheng Huang
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Taihe Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, Hubei, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yuting Guan
- Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, People’s Republic of China
| | - Huixia Wei
- Department of Anesthesiology, Taihe Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, Hubei, People’s Republic of China
| | - Zhiqian Dou
- Department of Obstetrics, Taihe Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, Hubei, People’s Republic of China
| | - Dexi Liu
- Department of Stomatology, Taihe Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, Hubei, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yang Hu
- Department of Orthopedics, Xiangyang Central Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Hubei University of Arts and Science, Xiangyang, Hubei, People’s Republic of China
- Yang Hu, Department of Orthopedics, Xiangyang Central Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Hubei University of Arts and Science, Xiangyang, 441000, People’s Republic of China, Tel +86-13995744850, Email
| | - Meiling Gao
- Department of Anesthesiology, Taihe Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, Hubei, People’s Republic of China
- Correspondence: Meiling Gao, Department of Anesthesiology, Taihe Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, Hubei, People’s Republic of China, Tel +86-15971849819, Email
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7
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Naim C, Castet F, Matito E. Impact of van der Waals interactions on the structural and nonlinear optical properties of azobenzene switches. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2021; 23:21227-21239. [PMID: 34542144 DOI: 10.1039/d1cp02500g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
The geometrical structures, relative Z-E energies, and second-order nonlinear responses of a collection of azobenzene molecules symmetrically substituted in the meta-position with functional groups of different bulkiness are investigated using various ab initio and density functional approximations. We show that RI-MP2 and RI-CC2 approximations provide very similar geometries and relative energies and evidence that London dispersion interactions existing between bulky meta-substituents stabilize the Z conformer. The ωB97X-D exchange-correlation functional provides an accurate description of these effects and gives a good account of the nonlinear optical response of the molecules. We show that density functional approximations should include no less than 50% of Hartree-Fock exchange to provide accurate hyperpolarizabilities. A property-structure analysis of the azobenzene derivatives reveals that the main contribution to the first hyperpolarizability comes from the azo bond, but phenyl meso-substituents can enhance it.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carmelo Naim
- Donostia International Physics Center (DIPC), Manuel Lardizabal Ibilbidea 4, 20018 Donostia, Euskadi, Spain.,Institut des Sciences Moléculaires (ISM, UMR CNRS 5255), University of Bordeaux, 351 Cours de la Libération, 33405 Talence, France.
| | - Frédéric Castet
- Institut des Sciences Moléculaires (ISM, UMR CNRS 5255), University of Bordeaux, 351 Cours de la Libération, 33405 Talence, France.
| | - Eduard Matito
- Donostia International Physics Center (DIPC), Manuel Lardizabal Ibilbidea 4, 20018 Donostia, Euskadi, Spain.,Ikerbasque Foundation for Science, Plaza Euskadi 5, 48009 Bilbao, Euskadi, Spain.
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8
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Bouquiaux C, Castet F, Champagne B. Unravelling the Effects of Cholesterol on the Second-Order Nonlinear Optical Responses of Di-8-ANEPPS Dye Embedded in Phosphatidylcholine Lipid Bilayers. J Phys Chem B 2021; 125:10195-10212. [PMID: 34491062 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpcb.1c05630] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
Cholesterol is known for its role in maintaining the correct fluidity and rigidity of the animals cell membranes and thus their functions. Assessing the content and the role of cholesterol in lipid bilayers is therefore of crucial importance for a deeper understanding and control of membrane functioning. In this computational work, we investigate bilayers built from three types of glycerophospholipid phosphatidylcholine (PC) lipids, namely dipalmitoylphosphatidylcholine (DPPC), 1-palmitoyl-2-oleoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine (POPC), and dioleoylphosphatidylcholine (DOPC), and containing different amounts of cholesterol by analyzing the second-harmonic generation (SHG) nonlinear optical (NLO) response of a probe molecule, di-8-ANEPPS, inserted into the membranes. This molecular property presents the advantage to be specific to interfacial regions such as lipid bilayers. To unravel these effects, Molecular Dynamics (MD) simulations have been performed on both DPPC and DOPC lipids by varying the cholesterol mole fraction (from 0 to 0.66), while POPC was only considered as a pure bilayer. In the case of the structural properties of the bilayers, all the analyses converge toward the same conclusion: as the mole fraction of cholesterol increases, the systems become more rigid, confirming the condensing effect of cholesterol. In addition, the chromophore is progressively more aligned with respect to the normal to the bilayer. On the contrary, addition of unsaturation disorders the lipid bilayers, with barely no impact on the alignment of the chromophore. Then, using the frames obtained from the MD simulations, the first hyperpolarizability β of the dye in its environment has been computed at the TDDFT level. On the one hand, the addition of cholesterol induces a progressive increase of the diagonal component the β tensor parallel to the bilayer normal. On the other hand, larger β values have been calculated for the unsaturated than for the saturated lipid systems. In summary, this study illustrates the relationship between the composition and structure of the bilayers and the NLO responses of the embedded dye.
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Affiliation(s)
- Charlotte Bouquiaux
- Theoretical Chemistry Lab, Unit of Theoretical and Structural Physical Chemistry, Namur Institute of Structured Matter, University of Namur, rue de Bruxelles, 61, B-5000 Namur, Belgium
| | - Frédéric Castet
- , Institut des Sciences Moléculaires, UMR 5255 CNRS, University of Bordeaux, cours de la Libération 351, F-33405 Talence Cedex, France
| | - Benoît Champagne
- Theoretical Chemistry Lab, Unit of Theoretical and Structural Physical Chemistry, Namur Institute of Structured Matter, University of Namur, rue de Bruxelles, 61, B-5000 Namur, Belgium
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Mizuguchi T, Nuriya M. Applications of second harmonic generation (SHG)/sum-frequency generation (SFG) imaging for biophysical characterization of the plasma membrane. Biophys Rev 2020; 12:10.1007/s12551-020-00768-4. [PMID: 33108561 PMCID: PMC7755958 DOI: 10.1007/s12551-020-00768-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2020] [Accepted: 10/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The plasma membrane is a lipid bilayer of < 10 nm width that separates intra- and extra-cellular environments and serves as the site of cell-cell communication, as well as communication between cells and the extracellular environment. As such, biophysical phenomena at and around the plasma membrane play key roles in determining cellular physiology and pathophysiology. Thus, the selective visualization and characterization of the plasma membrane are crucial aspects of research in wide areas of biology and medicine. However, the specific characterization of the plasma membrane has been a challenge using conventional imaging techniques, which are unable to effectively distinguish between signals arising from the plasma membrane and those from intracellular lipid structures. In this regard, interface-specific second harmonic generation (SHG) and sum-frequency generation (SFG) imaging demonstrate great potential. When combined with exogenous SHG/SFG active dyes, SHG/SFG can specifically highlight the plasma membrane as the most prominent interface associated with cells. Furthermore, SHG/SFG imaging can be readily extended to multimodal multiphoton microscopy with simultaneous occurrence of other multiphoton phenomena, including multiphoton excitation and coherent Raman scattering, which shed light on the biophysical properties of the plasma membrane from different perspectives. Here, we review traditional and current applications, as well as the prospects of long-known but unexplored SHG/SFG imaging techniques in biophysics, with special focus on their use in the biophysical characterization of the plasma membrane.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takaha Mizuguchi
- Department of Pharmacology School of Medicine, Keio University, 35 Shinanomachi, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, 160-8582, Japan
| | - Mutsuo Nuriya
- Department of Pharmacology School of Medicine, Keio University, 35 Shinanomachi, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, 160-8582, Japan.
- Precursory Research for Embryonic Science and Technology (PRESTO), Japan Science and Technology Agency (JST), Kawaguchi, Saitama, 332-0012, Japan.
- Keio Advanced Research Center for Water Biology and Medicine, Keio University, 2-15-45 Mita, Minato-ku, Tokyo, 108-8345, Japan.
- Graduate School of Environment and Information Sciences, Yokohama National University, 79-7 Tokiwadai, Hodogaya, Yokohama, Kanagawa, 240-8501, Japan.
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10
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Prévot G, Bsaibess T, Daniel J, Genevois C, Clermont G, Sasaki I, Marais S, Couillaud F, Crauste-Manciet S, Blanchard-Desce M. Multimodal optical contrast agents as new tools for monitoring and tuning nanoemulsion internalisation into cancer cells. From live cell imaging to in vivo imaging of tumours. NANOSCALE ADVANCES 2020; 2:1590-1602. [PMID: 36132308 PMCID: PMC9416932 DOI: 10.1039/c9na00710e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2019] [Accepted: 02/19/2020] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
Tailor-made NIR emitting dyes were designed as multimodal optical probes. These asymmetric amphiphilic compounds show combined intense absorption in the visible region, NIR fluorescence emission, high two-photon absorption in the NIR (with the maximum located around 1000 nm) as well as large Stokes' shift values and second-harmonic generation ability. Thanks to their structure, high loading into nanoemulsions (NEs) could be achieved leading to very high one- and two-photon brightness. These dyes were demonstrated to act as multimodal contrast agents able to generate different optical modalities of interest for bioimaging. Indeed, the uptake and carrier behaviour of the dye-loaded NEs into cancer cells could be monitored by simultaneous two-photon fluorescence and second-harmonic generation optical imaging. Multimodal imaging provided deep insight into the mechanism and kinetics of dye internalisation. Quite interestingly, the nature of the dyes was also found to influence both the kinetics of endocytosis and the internalisation pathways in glioblastoma cancer cells. By modulating the charge distribution within the dyes, the NEs can be tuned to escape lysosomes and enter the mitochondria. Moreover, surface functionalization with PEG macromolecules was realized to yield stealth NIRF-NEs which could be used for in vivo NIRF imaging of subcutaneous tumours in mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Geoffrey Prévot
- Univ. Bordeaux, ARNA Laboratory, Team ChemBioPharm, U1212 INSERM - UMR 5320 CNRS 146 Rue Léo Saignat 33076 Bordeaux Cedex France
| | - Talia Bsaibess
- Univ. Bordeaux, Institut des Sciences Moléculaires (CNRS UMR 5255) 33405 Talence France
| | - Jonathan Daniel
- Univ. Bordeaux, Institut des Sciences Moléculaires (CNRS UMR 5255) 33405 Talence France
| | - Coralie Genevois
- Univ. Bordeaux, Molecular Imaging and Innovative Therapies (IMOTION), EA7435 Bordeaux 33000 France
| | - Guillaume Clermont
- Univ. Bordeaux, Institut des Sciences Moléculaires (CNRS UMR 5255) 33405 Talence France
| | - Isabelle Sasaki
- Univ. Bordeaux, Institut des Sciences Moléculaires (CNRS UMR 5255) 33405 Talence France
| | - Sebastien Marais
- Bordeaux Imaging Center, UMS 3420 CNRS - Univ. Bordeaux, US4 Inserm 33000 Bordeaux France
| | - Franck Couillaud
- Univ. Bordeaux, Molecular Imaging and Innovative Therapies (IMOTION), EA7435 Bordeaux 33000 France
| | - Sylvie Crauste-Manciet
- Univ. Bordeaux, ARNA Laboratory, Team ChemBioPharm, U1212 INSERM - UMR 5320 CNRS 146 Rue Léo Saignat 33076 Bordeaux Cedex France
- Pharmaceutical Technology Department, Bordeaux University Hospital Bordeaux France
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11
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Malkinson G, Mahou P, Chaudan É, Gacoin T, Sonay AY, Pantazis P, Beaurepaire E, Supatto W. Fast In Vivo Imaging of SHG Nanoprobes with Multiphoton Light-Sheet Microscopy. ACS PHOTONICS 2020; 7:1036-1049. [PMID: 33335947 PMCID: PMC7735018 DOI: 10.1021/acsphotonics.9b01749] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2019] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
Two-photon light-sheet microscopy (2P-SPIM) provides a unique combination of advantages for fast and deep fluorescence imaging in live tissues. Detecting coherent signals such as second-harmonic generation (SHG) in 2P-SPIM in addition to fluorescence would open further imaging opportunities. However, light-sheet microscopy involves an orthogonal configuration of illumination and detection that questions the ability to detect coherent signals. Indeed, coherent scattering from micron-sized structures occurs predominantly along the illumination beam. By contrast, point-like sources such as SHG nanocrystals can efficiently scatter light in multiple directions and be detected using the orthogonal geometry of a light-sheet microscope. This study investigates the suitability of SHG light-sheet microscopy (SHG-SPIM) for fast imaging of SHG nanoprobes. Parameters that govern the detection efficiency of KTiOPO4 and BaTiO3 nanocrystals using SHG-SPIM are investigated theoretically and experimentally. The effects of incident polarization, detection numerical aperture, nanocrystal rotational motion, and second-order susceptibility tensor symmetries on the detectability of SHG nanoprobes in this specific geometry are clarified. Guidelines for optimizing SHG-SPIM imaging are established, enabling fast in vivo light-sheet imaging combining SHG and two-photon excited fluorescence. Finally, microangiography was achieved in live zebrafish embryos by SHG imaging at up to 180 frames per second and single-particle tracking of SHG nanoprobes in the blood flow.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guy Malkinson
- Laboratory
for Optics and Biosciences, Ecole Polytechnique,
CNRS, INSERM, Université Paris-Saclay, 91128 Palaiseau
Cedex, France
| | - Pierre Mahou
- Laboratory
for Optics and Biosciences, Ecole Polytechnique,
CNRS, INSERM, Université Paris-Saclay, 91128 Palaiseau
Cedex, France
| | - Élodie Chaudan
- Laboratory
of Condensed Matter Physics, Ecole Polytechnique,
CNRS, Université Paris-Saclay, 91128 Palaiseau Cedex, France
| | - Thierry Gacoin
- Laboratory
of Condensed Matter Physics, Ecole Polytechnique,
CNRS, Université Paris-Saclay, 91128 Palaiseau Cedex, France
| | - Ali Y. Sonay
- Department
of Biosystems Science and Engineering (D-BSSE), Eidgenössische Technische Hochschule (ETH) Zurich, 4058 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Periklis Pantazis
- Department
of Biosystems Science and Engineering (D-BSSE), Eidgenössische Technische Hochschule (ETH) Zurich, 4058 Basel, Switzerland
- Department
of Bioengineering, Imperial College London, South Kensington Campus, London SW7 2AZ, U.K.
| | - Emmanuel Beaurepaire
- Laboratory
for Optics and Biosciences, Ecole Polytechnique,
CNRS, INSERM, Université Paris-Saclay, 91128 Palaiseau
Cedex, France
- E-mail:
| | - Willy Supatto
- Laboratory
for Optics and Biosciences, Ecole Polytechnique,
CNRS, INSERM, Université Paris-Saclay, 91128 Palaiseau
Cedex, France
- E-mail:
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12
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Bouquiaux C, Tonnelé C, Castet F, Champagne B. Second-Order Nonlinear Optical Properties of an Amphiphilic Dye Embedded in a Lipid Bilayer. A Combined Molecular Dynamics–Quantum Chemistry Study. J Phys Chem B 2020; 124:2101-2109. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpcb.9b10988] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Charlotte Bouquiaux
- Theoretical Chemistry Laboratory, Unit of Theoretical and Structural Physical Chemistry, Namur Institute of Structured Matter, University of Namur, Rue de Bruxelles, 61, B-5000 Namur, Belgium
| | - Claire Tonnelé
- University of Bordeaux, Institut des Sciences Moléculaires, UMR 5255 CNRS, Cours de la Libération 351, F-33405 Talence Cedex, France
| | - Frédéric Castet
- University of Bordeaux, Institut des Sciences Moléculaires, UMR 5255 CNRS, Cours de la Libération 351, F-33405 Talence Cedex, France
| | - Benoît Champagne
- Theoretical Chemistry Laboratory, Unit of Theoretical and Structural Physical Chemistry, Namur Institute of Structured Matter, University of Namur, Rue de Bruxelles, 61, B-5000 Namur, Belgium
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13
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Lescos L, Sitkiewicz SP, Beaujean P, Blanchard-Desce M, Champagne B, Matito E, Castet F. Performance of DFT functionals for calculating the second-order nonlinear optical properties of dipolar merocyanines. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2020; 22:16579-16594. [DOI: 10.1039/d0cp02992k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Evolution of the static HRS hyperpolarizability of a tricyanopropylidene-based merocyanine dye with the length of the polyenic bridge, as calculated using various ab initio and DFT approximations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laurie Lescos
- Institut des Sciences Moléculaires (ISM, UMR CNRS 5255)
- University of Bordeaux
- 33405 Talence
- France
| | - Sebastian P. Sitkiewicz
- Donostia International Physics Center (DIPC)
- 20018 Donostia
- Spain
- Kimika Fakultatea
- Euskal Herriko Unibertsitatea (UPV/EHU)
| | - Pierre Beaujean
- Unité de Chimie Physique Théorique et Structurale, Chemistry Department
- Namur Institute of Structured Matter
- University of Namur
- Belgium
| | - Mireille Blanchard-Desce
- Institut des Sciences Moléculaires (ISM, UMR CNRS 5255)
- University of Bordeaux
- 33405 Talence
- France
| | - Benoît Champagne
- Unité de Chimie Physique Théorique et Structurale, Chemistry Department
- Namur Institute of Structured Matter
- University of Namur
- Belgium
| | - Eduard Matito
- Donostia International Physics Center (DIPC)
- 20018 Donostia
- Spain
- Ikerbasque Foundation for Science
- 48011 Bilbao
| | - Frédéric Castet
- Institut des Sciences Moléculaires (ISM, UMR CNRS 5255)
- University of Bordeaux
- 33405 Talence
- France
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14
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Lim H. Harmonic Generation Microscopy 2.0: New Tricks Empowering Intravital Imaging for Neuroscience. Front Mol Biosci 2019; 6:99. [PMID: 31649934 PMCID: PMC6794408 DOI: 10.3389/fmolb.2019.00099] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2019] [Accepted: 09/17/2019] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Optical harmonic generation, e.g., second- (SHG) and third-harmonic generation (THG), provides intrinsic contrasts for three-dimensional intravital microscopy. Contrary to two-photon excited fluorescence (TPEF), however, they have found relatively specialized applications, such as imaging collagenous and non-specific tissues, respectively. Here we review recent advances that broaden the capacity of SHG and THG for imaging the central nervous system in particular. The fundamental contrast mechanisms are reviewed as they encode novel information including molecular origin, spectroscopy, functional probes, and image analysis, which lay foundations for promising future applications in neuroscience.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyungsik Lim
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Hunter College and the Graduate Center of the City University of New York, New York, NY, United States
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15
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Miller LN, Brewer WT, Williams JD, Fozo EM, Calhoun TR. Second Harmonic Generation Spectroscopy of Membrane Probe Dynamics in Gram-Positive Bacteria. Biophys J 2019; 117:1419-1428. [PMID: 31586521 DOI: 10.1016/j.bpj.2019.09.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2019] [Revised: 09/11/2019] [Accepted: 09/13/2019] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Bacterial membranes are complex mixtures with dispersity that is dynamic over scales of both space and time. To capture adsorption onto and transport within these mixtures, we conduct simultaneous second harmonic generation (SHG) and two-photon fluorescence measurements on two different gram-positive bacterial species as the cells uptake membrane-specific probe molecules. Our results show that SHG not only can monitor the movement of small molecules across membrane leaflets but also is sensitive to higher-level ordering of the molecules within the membrane. Further, we show that the membranes of Staphylococcus aureus remain more dynamic after longer times at room temperature in comparison to Enterococcus faecalis. Our findings provide insight into the variability of activities seen between structurally similar molecules in gram-positive bacteria while also demonstrating the power of SHG to examine these dynamics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lindsey N Miller
- Department of Chemistry, University of Tennesseee, Knoxville, Tennessee
| | - William T Brewer
- Department of Microbiology, University of Tennesseee, Knoxville, Tennessee
| | - Julia D Williams
- Department of Microbiology, University of Tennesseee, Knoxville, Tennessee
| | - Elizabeth M Fozo
- Department of Microbiology, University of Tennesseee, Knoxville, Tennessee
| | - Tessa R Calhoun
- Department of Chemistry, University of Tennesseee, Knoxville, Tennessee.
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16
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Sharma DK, Chaubey SK, Vasista AB, Karumancheril JJ, Tripathi RPN, Bouhelier A, Kumar GVP. Directional second-harmonic generation controlled by sub-wavelength facets of an organic mesowire. APPLIED OPTICS 2018; 57:5914-5922. [PMID: 30118013 DOI: 10.1364/ao.57.005914] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2018] [Accepted: 06/11/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Directional harmonic generation is an important property characterizing the ability of nonlinear optical antennas to diffuse the signal in a well-defined region of space. Herein, we show how sub-wavelength facets of an organic molecular mesowire crystal can be utilized to systematically vary the directionality of second-harmonic generation (SHG) in the forward-scattering geometry. We demonstrate this capability on crystalline diamonoanthraquinone (DAAQ) mesowires with sub-wavelength facets. We observed that the radial angles of the SHG emission can be tuned over a range of 130 deg. This angular variation arises due to spatially distributed nonlinear dipoles in the focal volume of the excitation as well as the geometrical cross section and facet orientation of the mesowire. Numerical simulations of the near-field excitation profile corroborate the role of the mesowire geometry in localizing the electric field. In addition to directional SHG from the mesowire, we experimentally observe optical waveguiding of the nonlinear two-photon excited fluorescence (TPEF). Interestingly, we observed that for a given pump excitation, the TPEF signal is isotropic and delocalized, whereas the SHG emission is directional and localized at the location of excitation. All the observed effects have direct implications not only in active nonlinear optical antennas but also in nonlinear signal processing.
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17
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Bancelin S, Van der Kolk JN, Quigley AS, Pinsard M, Veres SP, Kreplak L, Ramunno L, Légaré F. Gouy phase shift measurement using interferometric second-harmonic generation. OPTICS LETTERS 2018; 43:1958-1961. [PMID: 29714771 DOI: 10.1364/ol.43.001958] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2018] [Accepted: 03/22/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
We report on a simple way to directly measure the Gouy phase shift of a strongly focused laser beam. This is accomplished by using a recent technique, namely, interferometric second-harmonic generation. We expect that this method will be of interest in a wide range of research fields, from high-harmonic and attosecond pulse generation to femtochemistry and nonlinear microscopy.
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18
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Parthasarathy V, Pandey R, Das PK, Castet F, Blanchard-Desce M. Linear and Nonlinear Optical Properties of Tricyanopropylidene-Based Merocyanine Dyes: Synergistic Experimental and Theoretical Investigations. Chemphyschem 2017; 19:187-197. [DOI: 10.1002/cphc.201701143] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2017] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Venkatakrishnan Parthasarathy
- Department of Chemistry; Indian Institute of Technology Madras; Chennai 600 036 India
- Chimie et Photonique Moléculaire (CNRS, UMR 6510); Université de Rennes 1; 35042 Rennes France
| | - Ravindra Pandey
- Department of Inorganic and Physical Chemistry; Indian Institute of Science; Bangalore 560012 India
- Department of Spectroscopy; Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Jadavpur; Kolkata 700032 India
| | - Puspendu Kumar Das
- Department of Inorganic and Physical Chemistry; Indian Institute of Science; Bangalore 560012 India
| | - Frédéric Castet
- University of Bordeaux; Institut des Sciences Moléculaires (CNRS, UMR 5255); 33405 Talence France
| | - Mireille Blanchard-Desce
- Chimie et Photonique Moléculaire (CNRS, UMR 6510); Université de Rennes 1; 35042 Rennes France
- University of Bordeaux; Institut des Sciences Moléculaires (CNRS, UMR 5255); 33405 Talence France
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19
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SHG-specificity of cellular Rootletin filaments enables naïve imaging with universal conservation. Sci Rep 2017; 7:39967. [PMID: 28059168 PMCID: PMC5216331 DOI: 10.1038/srep39967] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2016] [Accepted: 11/30/2016] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Despite growing demand for truly naïve imaging, label-free observation of cilium-related structure remains challenging, and validation of the pertinent molecules is correspondingly difficult. In this study, in retinas and cultured cells, we distinctively visualized Rootletin filaments in rootlets in the second harmonic generation (SHG) channel, integrated in custom coherent nonlinear optical microscopy (CNOM) with a simple, compact, and ultra-broadband supercontinuum light source. This SHG signal was primarily detected on rootlets of connecting cilia in the retinal photoreceptor and was validated by colocalization with anti-Rootletin staining. Transfection of cells with Rootletin fragments revealed that the SHG signal can be ascribed to filaments assembled from the R234 domain, but not to cross-striations assembled from the R123 domain. Consistent with this, Rootletin-depleted cells lacked SHG signal expected as centrosome linker. As a proof of concept, we confirmed that similar fibrous SHG was observed even in unicellular ciliates. These findings have potential for broad applications in clinical diagnosis and biophysical experiments with various organisms.
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20
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Moen EK, Ibey BL, Beier HT, Armani AM. Quantifying pulsed electric field-induced membrane nanoporation in single cells. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-BIOMEMBRANES 2016; 1858:2795-2803. [PMID: 27535877 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbamem.2016.08.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2016] [Revised: 08/11/2016] [Accepted: 08/12/2016] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Plasma membrane disruption can trigger a host of cellular activities. One commonly observed type of disruption is pore formation. Molecular dynamic (MD) simulations of simplified lipid membrane structures predict that controllably disrupting the membrane via nano-scale poration may be possible with nanosecond pulsed electric fields (nsPEF). Until recently, researchers hoping to verify this hypothesis experimentally have been limited to measuring the relatively slow process of fluorescent markers diffusing across the membrane, which is indirect evidence of nanoporation that could be channel-mediated. Leveraging recent advances in nonlinear optical microscopy, we elucidate the role of pulse parameters in nsPEF-induced membrane permeabilization in live cells. Unlike previous techniques, it is able to directly observe loss of membrane order at the onset of the pulse. We also develop a complementary theoretical model that relates increasing membrane permeabilization to membrane pore density. Due to the significantly improved spatial and temporal resolution possible with our imaging method, we are able to directly compare our experimental and theoretical results. Their agreement provides substantial evidence that nanoporation does occur and that its development is dictated by the electric field distribution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erick K Moen
- Ming Hsieh Department of Electrical Engineering - Electrophysics, University of Southern California, 920 Bloom Walk, SSC, 502 Los Angeles, CA, USA.
| | - Bennett L Ibey
- Bioeffects Division, 711 Human Performance Wing, Air Force Research Laboratory, 4141 Petroleum Rd., JBSA Fort Sam, Houston, TX 78234, USA
| | - Hope T Beier
- Bioeffects Division, 711 Human Performance Wing, Air Force Research Laboratory, 4141 Petroleum Rd., JBSA Fort Sam, Houston, TX 78234, USA
| | - Andrea M Armani
- Ming Hsieh Department of Electrical Engineering - Electrophysics, University of Southern California, 920 Bloom Walk, SSC, 502 Los Angeles, CA, USA
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21
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Dietzel S, Hermann S, Kugel Y, Sellner S, Uhl B, Hirn S, Krombach F, Rehberg M. Multiphoton Microscopy of Nonfluorescent Nanoparticles In Vitro and In Vivo. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2016; 12:3245-57. [PMID: 27120195 DOI: 10.1002/smll.201503766] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2015] [Revised: 03/07/2016] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
Nanotechnology holds great promise for a plethora of potential applications. The interaction of engineered nanomaterials with living cells, tissues, and organisms is, however, only partly understood. Microscopic investigations of nano-bio interactions are mostly performed with a few model nanoparticles (NPs) which are easy to visualize, such as fluorescent quantum dots. Here the possibility to visualize nonfluorescent NPs with multiphoton excitation is investigated. Signals from silver (Ag), titanium dioxide (TiO2 ), and silica (SiO2 ) NPs in nonbiological environments are characterized to determine signal dependency on excitation wavelength and intensity as well as their signal stability over time. Ag NPs generate plasmon-induced luminescence decaying over time. TiO2 NPs induce photoluminescent signals of variable intensities and in addition strong third harmonic generation (THG). Optimal settings for microscopic detection are determined and then applied for visualization of these two particle types in living cells, in murine muscle tissue, and in the murine blood stream. Silica NPs produce a THG signal, but in living cells it cannot be discriminated sufficiently from endogenous cellular structures. It is concluded that multiphoton excitation is a viable option for studies of nano-bio interactions not only for fluorescent but also for some types of nonfluorescent NPs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Steffen Dietzel
- Walter-Brendel-Zentrum für Experimentelle Medizin, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, 81377, München, Germany
| | - Stefanie Hermann
- Walter-Brendel-Zentrum für Experimentelle Medizin, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, 81377, München, Germany
| | - Yan Kugel
- Walter-Brendel-Zentrum für Experimentelle Medizin, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, 81377, München, Germany
| | - Sabine Sellner
- Walter-Brendel-Zentrum für Experimentelle Medizin, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, 81377, München, Germany
| | - Bernd Uhl
- Walter-Brendel-Zentrum für Experimentelle Medizin, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, 81377, München, Germany
| | - Stephanie Hirn
- Walter-Brendel-Zentrum für Experimentelle Medizin, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, 81377, München, Germany
| | - Fritz Krombach
- Walter-Brendel-Zentrum für Experimentelle Medizin, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, 81377, München, Germany
| | - Markus Rehberg
- Walter-Brendel-Zentrum für Experimentelle Medizin, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, 81377, München, Germany
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22
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Nuriya M, Fukushima S, Momotake A, Shinotsuka T, Yasui M, Arai T. Multimodal two-photon imaging using a second harmonic generation-specific dye. Nat Commun 2016; 7:11557. [PMID: 27156702 PMCID: PMC4865818 DOI: 10.1038/ncomms11557] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2016] [Accepted: 04/07/2016] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Second harmonic generation (SHG) imaging can be used to visualize unique biological phenomena, but currently available dyes limit its application owing to the strong fluorescent signals that they generate together with SHG. Here we report the first non-fluorescent and membrane potential-sensitive SHG-active organic dye Ap3. Ap3 is photostable and generates SH signals at the plasma membrane with virtually no fluorescent signals, in sharp contrast to the previously used fluorescent dye FM4-64. When tested in neurons, Ap3-SHG shows linear membrane potential sensitivity and fast responses to action potentials, and also shows significantly reduced photodamage compared with FM4-64. The SHG-specific nature of Ap3 allows simultaneous and completely independent imaging of SHG signals and fluorescent signals from various reporter molecules, including markers of cellular organelles and intracellular calcium. Therefore, this SHG-specific dye enables true multimodal two-photon imaging in biological samples. Current dyes for second harmonic generation (SHG) imaging strongly fluoresce, limiting their application. Here the authors develop a SHG-specific dye, Ap3, that partitions into cell membranes, displays sensitivity to membrane potential and has virtually no fluorescence emission at SHG imaging wavelengths.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mutsuo Nuriya
- Department of Pharmacology School of Medicine, Keio University, 35 Shinanomachi, Tokyo 160-8582, Japan.,Graduate School of Environment and Information Sciences, Yokohama National University, Yokohama 240-8501, Japan
| | - Shun Fukushima
- Graduate School of Pure and Applied Sciences and Tsukuba Research Center for Interdisciplinary Materials Science (TIMS), University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba 305-8577, Japan
| | - Atsuya Momotake
- Graduate School of Pure and Applied Sciences and Tsukuba Research Center for Interdisciplinary Materials Science (TIMS), University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba 305-8577, Japan
| | - Takanori Shinotsuka
- Department of Pharmacology School of Medicine, Keio University, 35 Shinanomachi, Tokyo 160-8582, Japan
| | - Masato Yasui
- Department of Pharmacology School of Medicine, Keio University, 35 Shinanomachi, Tokyo 160-8582, Japan
| | - Tatsuo Arai
- Graduate School of Pure and Applied Sciences and Tsukuba Research Center for Interdisciplinary Materials Science (TIMS), University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba 305-8577, Japan
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23
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Turcotte R, Mattson JM, Wu JW, Zhang Y, Lin CP. Molecular Order of Arterial Collagen Using Circular Polarization Second-Harmonic Generation Imaging. Biophys J 2016; 110:530-533. [PMID: 26806883 DOI: 10.1016/j.bpj.2015.12.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2015] [Revised: 12/28/2015] [Accepted: 12/28/2015] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Second-harmonic generation (SHG) originates from the interaction between upconverted fields from individual scatterers. This renders SHG microscopy highly sensitive to molecular distribution. Here, we aim to take advantage of the difference in SHG between aligned and partially aligned molecules to probe the degree of molecular order during biomechanical testing, independently of the absolute orientation of the scattering molecules. Toward this goal, we implemented a circular polarization SHG imaging approach and used it to quantify the intensity change associated with collagen fibers straightening in the arterial wall during mechanical stretching. We were able to observe the delayed alignment of collagen fibers during mechanical loading, thus demonstrating a simple method to characterize molecular distribution using intensity information alone.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raphaël Turcotte
- Wellman Center for Photomedicine and Center for System Biology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts; Department of Biomedical Engineering, Boston University, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Jeffrey M Mattson
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Boston University, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Juwell W Wu
- Wellman Center for Photomedicine and Center for System Biology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Yanhang Zhang
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Boston University, Boston, Massachusetts; Department of Mechanical Engineering, Boston University, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Charles P Lin
- Wellman Center for Photomedicine and Center for System Biology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts.
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24
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Georgiev T, Zapiec B, Förderer M, Fink RHA, Vogel M. Colocalization properties of elementary Ca(2+) release signals with structures specific to the contractile filaments and the tubular system of intact mouse skeletal muscle fibers. J Struct Biol 2015; 192:366-375. [PMID: 26431893 DOI: 10.1016/j.jsb.2015.09.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2015] [Revised: 09/26/2015] [Accepted: 09/29/2015] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Ca(2+) regulates several important intracellular processes. We combined second harmonic generation (SHG) and two photon excited fluorescence microscopy (2PFM) to simultaneously record the SHG signal of the myosin filaments and localized elementary Ca(2+) release signals (LCSs). We found LCSs associated with Y-shaped structures of the myosin filament pattern (YMs), so called verniers, in intact mouse skeletal muscle fibers under hypertonic treatment. Ion channels crucial for the Ca(2+) regulation are located in the tubular system, a system that is important for Ca(2+) regulation and excitation-contraction coupling. We investigated the tubular system of intact, living mouse skeletal muscle fibers using 2PFM and the fluorescent Ca(2+) indicator Fluo-4 dissolved in the external solution or the membrane dye di-8-ANEPPS. We simultaneously measured the SHG signal from the myosin filaments of the skeletal muscle fibers. We found that at least a subset of the YMs observed in SHG images are closely juxtaposed with Y-shaped structures of the transverse tubules (YTs). The distances of corresponding YMs and YTs yield values between 1.3 μm and 4.1 μm including pixel uncertainty with a mean distance of 2.52±0.10 μm (S.E.M., n=41). Additionally, we observed that some of the linear-shaped areas in the tubular system are colocalized with linear-shaped areas in the SHG images.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tihomir Georgiev
- Medical Biophysics, Institute of Physiology and Pathophysiology, Ruprecht Karls Universität, Im Neuenheimer Feld 326, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany.
| | - Bolek Zapiec
- Medical Biophysics, Institute of Physiology and Pathophysiology, Ruprecht Karls Universität, Im Neuenheimer Feld 326, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany; Max Planck Research Unit for Neurogenetics, 60438 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Moritz Förderer
- Medical Biophysics, Institute of Physiology and Pathophysiology, Ruprecht Karls Universität, Im Neuenheimer Feld 326, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Rainer H A Fink
- Medical Biophysics, Institute of Physiology and Pathophysiology, Ruprecht Karls Universität, Im Neuenheimer Feld 326, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Martin Vogel
- Medical Biophysics, Institute of Physiology and Pathophysiology, Ruprecht Karls Universität, Im Neuenheimer Feld 326, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany; Max Planck Research Unit for Neurogenetics, 60438 Frankfurt am Main, Germany.
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25
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Parthasarathy V, Pandey R, Stolte M, Ghosh S, Castet F, Würthner F, Das PK, Blanchard‐Desce M. Combination of Cyanine Behaviour and Giant Hyperpolarisability in Novel Merocyanine Dyes: Beyond the Bond Length Alternation (BLA) Paradigm. Chemistry 2015; 21:14211-7. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201501800] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2015] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Ravindra Pandey
- Department of Inorganic and Physical Chemistry, Indian Institute of Science (IISc), Bangalore, 560012 (India)
| | - Matthias Stolte
- Universität Würzburg, Institut für Organische Chemie and Center for Nanosystems Chemistry, Am Hubland, 97074 Würzburg (Germany)
| | - Sampa Ghosh
- Department of Inorganic and Physical Chemistry, Indian Institute of Science (IISc), Bangalore, 560012 (India)
| | - Frédéric Castet
- Univ. Bordeaux, Institut des Sciences Moléculaires (UMR 5255 CNRS), 33405 Talence (France)
| | - Frank Würthner
- Universität Würzburg, Institut für Organische Chemie and Center for Nanosystems Chemistry, Am Hubland, 97074 Würzburg (Germany)
| | - Puspendu Kumar Das
- Department of Inorganic and Physical Chemistry, Indian Institute of Science (IISc), Bangalore, 560012 (India)
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26
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Moen EK, Ibey BL, Beier HT. Detecting subtle plasma membrane perturbation in living cells using second harmonic generation imaging. Biophys J 2014; 106:L37-40. [PMID: 24853757 DOI: 10.1016/j.bpj.2014.04.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2014] [Revised: 03/20/2014] [Accepted: 04/07/2014] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
The requirement of center asymmetry for the creation of second harmonic generation (SHG) signals makes it an attractive technique for visualizing changes in interfacial layers such as the plasma membrane of biological cells. In this article, we explore the use of lipophilic SHG probes to detect minute perturbations in the plasma membrane. Three candidate probes, Di-4-ANEPPDHQ (Di-4), FM4-64, and all-trans-retinol, were evaluated for SHG effectiveness in Jurkat cells. Di-4 proved superior with both strong SHG signal and limited bleaching artifacts. To test whether rapid changes in membrane symmetry could be detected using SHG, we exposed cells to nanosecond-pulsed electric fields, which are believed to cause formation of nanopores in the plasma membrane. Upon nanosecond-pulsed electric fields exposure, we observed an instantaneous drop of ~50% in SHG signal from the anodic pole of the cell. When compared to the simultaneously acquired fluorescence signals, it appears that the signal change was not due to the probe diffusing out of the membrane or changes in membrane potential or fluidity. We hypothesize that this loss in SHG signal is due to disruption in the interfacial nature of the membrane. The results show that SHG imaging has great potential as a tool for measuring rapid and subtle plasma membrane disturbance in living cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erick K Moen
- Department of Electrical Engineering - Electrophysics, University of Southern California at Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California
| | - Bennett L Ibey
- Bioeffects Division, Air Force Research Laboratory, Fort Sam Houston, Texas
| | - Hope T Beier
- Bioeffects Division, Air Force Research Laboratory, Fort Sam Houston, Texas.
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27
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Russier-Antoine I, Bertorelle F, Vojkovic M, Rayane D, Salmon E, Jonin C, Dugourd P, Antoine R, Brevet PF. Non-linear optical properties of gold quantum clusters. The smaller the better. NANOSCALE 2014; 6:13572-8. [PMID: 25268982 DOI: 10.1039/c4nr03782k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
By developing a new method for synthesizing atomically monodisperse Au15 nanoclusters stabilized with glutathione molecules and using the current state-of-the-art methods for synthesizing monodisperse protected Au25 nanoclusters, we investigated their nonlinear optical (NLO) properties after two-photon absorption. The two-photon emission spectra and the first hyperpolarizabilities of these particles were obtained using, in particular, a hyper-Rayleigh scattering technique. The influence on NLO of the excitation wavelength, the size as well as the nature of the ligands is also explored and discussed. Au15, the smallest stable thiolated gold nanocluster, presents remarkable nonlinear properties with respect to two-photon processes. The two-photon absorption cross-section at 780 nm for Au15 is ∼65,700 GM. This experimental cross-section value points to a quantum yield for two-photon emission of about 3 × 10(-7) at 475 nm for Au15. The first hyperpolarizability β for Au15 clusters (509 × 10(-30) esu), as compared to Au25 clusters (128 × 10(-30) esu), is larger considering the difference in the number of gold atoms. Also, 10(30) β per atom values reported for Au15 and Au25 clusters are more than two orders of magnitude larger than the values reported for Au NPs in the size range 10-50 nm, outlining the quantum cluster regime.
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Affiliation(s)
- Isabelle Russier-Antoine
- Institut Lumière Matière, UMR5306 Université Lyon 1-CNRS, Université de Lyon, 69622 Villeurbanne cedex, France.
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Cicchi R, Kapsokalyvas D, Troiano M, Campolmi P, Morini C, Massi D, Cannarozzo G, Lotti T, Pavone FS. In vivo non-invasive monitoring of collagen remodelling by two-photon microscopy after micro-ablative fractional laser resurfacing. JOURNAL OF BIOPHOTONICS 2014; 7:914-925. [PMID: 24339127 DOI: 10.1002/jbio.201300124] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2013] [Revised: 10/02/2013] [Accepted: 11/12/2013] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
Non-linear optical microscopy is becoming popular as a non-invasive in vivo imaging modality in dermatology. In this study, combined TPF and SHG microscopy were used to monitor collagen remodelling in vivo after micro-ablative fractional laser resurfacing. Papillary dermis of living subjects, covering a wide age range, was imaged immediately before and forty days after treatment. A qualitative visual examination of acquired images demonstrated an age-dependent remodelling effect on collagen. Additional quantitative analysis of new collagen production was performed by means of two image analysis methods. A higher increase in SHG to TPF ratio, corresponding to a stronger treatment effectiveness, was found in older subjects, whereas the effect was found to be negligible in young, and minimal in middle age subjects. Analysis of collagen images also showed a dependence of the treatment effectiveness with age but with controversial results. While the diagnostic potential of in vivo multiphoton microscopy has already been demonstrated for skin cancer and other skin diseases, here we first successfully explore its potential use for a non-invasive follow-up of a laser-based treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Riccardo Cicchi
- National Institute of Optics, National Research Council INO-CNR, Largo E. Fermi 6, 50125, Florence, Italy; European Laboratory for Non-linear Spectroscopy LENS, Via Nello Carrara 1, 50019, Sesto Fiorentino, Italy.
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Clinical nonlinear laser imaging of human skin: a review. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2014; 2014:903589. [PMID: 25250337 PMCID: PMC4163368 DOI: 10.1155/2014/903589] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2014] [Accepted: 07/11/2014] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Nonlinear optical microscopy has the potential of being used in vivo as a noninvasive imaging modality for both epidermal and dermal imaging. This paper reviews the capabilities of nonlinear microscopy as a noninvasive high-resolution tool for clinical skin inspection. In particular, we show that two-photon fluorescence microscopy can be used as a diagnostic tool for characterizing epidermal layers by means of a morphological examination. Additional functional information on the metabolic state of cells can be provided by measuring the fluorescence decay of NADH. This approach allows differentiating epidermal layers having different structural and cytological features and has the potential of diagnosing pathologies in a very early stage. Regarding therapy follow-up, we demonstrate that nonlinear microscopy could be successfully used for monitoring the effect of a treatment. In particular, combined two-photon fluorescence and second-harmonic generation microscopy were used in vivo for monitoring collagen remodeling after microablative fractional laser resurfacing and for quantitatively monitoring psoriasis on the basis of the morphology of epidermal cells and dermal papillae. We believe that the described microscopic modalities could find in the near future a stable place in a clinical dermatological setting for quantitative diagnostic purposes and as a monitoring method for various treatments.
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30
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Guo L, Wong MS. Multiphoton excited fluorescent materials for frequency upconversion emission and fluorescent probes. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2014; 26:5400-5428. [PMID: 24981591 DOI: 10.1002/adma.201400084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2014] [Revised: 04/17/2014] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
Recent progress in developing various strategies for exploiting efficient MPA fluorophores for two emerging technological MPA applications including frequency upconversion photoluminescence and lasing as well as 2PA fluorescence bioimaging and biosensing are presented. An intriguing application of MPA frequency-upconverted lasing offers opportunity for the fabrication of high-energy coherent light sources in the blue region which could create new advantages and breakthroughs in various laser-based applications. In addition, multiphoton excitation has led to considerable progress in the development of advanced diagnostic and therapeutic treatments; further advancement is anticipated with the emergence of various versatile 2PA fluorescence probes. It is widely appreciated that the two-photon excitation offers significant advantages for the biological fluorescence imaging and sensing which includes higher spatial resolution, less photobleaching and photodamage as well as deeper tissue penetration as compared to the one-photon excited microscopy. To be practically useful, the 2PA fluorescent probes for biological applications are required to have a site-specificity, a high fluorescence quantum yield, proper two-photon excitation and subsequent emission wavelengths, good photodecomposition stability, water solubility, and biocompatibility besides large 2PA action cross-sections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Guo
- Institute of Molecular Functional Materials+, Department of Chemistry and Institute of Advanced Materials, Hong Kong Baptist University, Kowloon Tong, Hong Kong SAR, China
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31
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Derrar SN, Sekkal-Rahal M, Derreumaux P, Springborg M. Theoretical study of the NLO responses of some natural and unnatural amino acids used as probe molecules. J Mol Model 2014; 20:2388. [DOI: 10.1007/s00894-014-2388-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2014] [Accepted: 07/21/2014] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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32
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Szpunar MJ, Burke KA, Dawes RP, Brown EB, Madden KS. The antidepressant desipramine and α2-adrenergic receptor activation promote breast tumor progression in association with altered collagen structure. Cancer Prev Res (Phila) 2014; 6:1262-72. [PMID: 24309563 DOI: 10.1158/1940-6207.capr-13-0079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Emotional stress activates the sympathetic nervous system (SNS) and release of the neurotransmitter norepinephrine to promote breast tumor pathogenesis. We demonstrate here that the metastatic mammary adenocarcinoma cell line 4T1 does not express functional adrenergic receptors (AR), the receptors activated by norepinephrine, yet stimulation of adrenergic receptor in vivo altered 4T1 tumor progression in vivo. Chronic treatment with the antidepressant desipramine (DMI) to inhibit norepinephrine reuptake increased 4T1 tumor growth but not metastasis. Treatment with a highly selective α2-adrenergic receptor agonist, dexmedetomidine (DEX), increased tumor growth and metastasis. Neither isoproterenol (ISO), a β-AR agonist, nor phenylephrine, an α1-AR agonist, altered tumor growth or metastasis. Neither DMI- nor DEX-induced tumor growth was associated with increased angiogenesis. In DMI-treated mice, tumor VEGF, IL-6, and the prometastatic chemokines RANTES, M-CSF, and MIP-2 were reduced. Tumor collagen microstructure was examined using second harmonic generation (SHG), a nonabsorptive optical scattering process to highlight fibrillar collagen. In DMI- and DEX-treated mice, but not ISO-treated mice, tumor SHG was significantly altered without changing fibrillar collagen content, as detected by immunofluorescence. These results demonstrate that α2-AR activation can promote tumor progression in the absence of direct sympathetic input to breast tumor cells. The results also suggest that SNS activation may regulate tumor progression through alterations in the extracellular matrix, with outcome dependent on the combination of adrenergic receptor activated. These results underscore the complexities underlying SNS regulation of breast tumor pathogenesis, and suggest that the therapeutic use of adrenergic receptor blockers, tricyclic antidepressants, and adrenergic receptor agonists must be approached cautiously in patients with breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mercedes J Szpunar
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Rochester Medical Center, Goergen Hall, RC Box 270168, Rochester, NY 14627.
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Castet F, Blanchard-Desce M, Adamietz F, Poronik YM, Gryko DT, Rodriguez V. Experimental and Theoretical Investigation of the First-Order Hyperpolarizability of Octupolar Merocyanine Dyes. Chemphyschem 2014; 15:2575-81. [DOI: 10.1002/cphc.201402083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2014] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
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Redon S, Massin J, Pouvreau S, De Meulenaere E, Clays K, Queneau Y, Andraud C, Girard-Egrot A, Bretonnière Y, Chambert S. Red Emitting Neutral Fluorescent Glycoconjugates for Membrane Optical Imaging. Bioconjug Chem 2014; 25:773-87. [DOI: 10.1021/bc500047r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Sébastien Redon
- Laboratoire
de Chimie Organique et Bioorganique, ICBMS, INSA Lyon, Bât. J. Verne, 20 Avenue A. Einstein, 69621 Villeurbanne Cedex, France
- Institut
de Chimie et de Biochimie Moléculaires et Supramoléculaires, CNRS UMR 5246, Université de Lyon, Université Lyon 1, INSA-Lyon, CPE-Lyon, Bât.
Curien, 43 Bd du 11 Novembre 1918, 69622 Villeurbanne, France
| | - Julien Massin
- Laboratoire
de Chimie de l’ENS de Lyon, Université de Lyon, CNRS UMR 5182, Université Lyon 1, ENS
de Lyon, 46 allée d’Italie, 69364 Lyon Cedex, France
| | - Sandrine Pouvreau
- Physiologie
Intégrative, Cellulaire et Moléculaire, Université Lyon 1, CNRS UMR 5123, 60622, Villeurbanne, France
| | - Evelien De Meulenaere
- Laboratory
for Molecular Electronics and Photonics, KULeuven, Celestijnenlaan
200D box 2425, 3001 Heverlee, Belgium
- Centre
of Microbial and Plant Genetics, KULeuven, G. Geenslaan 1 box 2471, 3001 Heverlee, Belgium
| | - Koen Clays
- Laboratory
for Molecular Electronics and Photonics, KULeuven, Celestijnenlaan
200D box 2425, 3001 Heverlee, Belgium
| | - Yves Queneau
- Laboratoire
de Chimie Organique et Bioorganique, ICBMS, INSA Lyon, Bât. J. Verne, 20 Avenue A. Einstein, 69621 Villeurbanne Cedex, France
- Institut
de Chimie et de Biochimie Moléculaires et Supramoléculaires, CNRS UMR 5246, Université de Lyon, Université Lyon 1, INSA-Lyon, CPE-Lyon, Bât.
Curien, 43 Bd du 11 Novembre 1918, 69622 Villeurbanne, France
| | - Chantal Andraud
- Laboratoire
de Chimie de l’ENS de Lyon, Université de Lyon, CNRS UMR 5182, Université Lyon 1, ENS
de Lyon, 46 allée d’Italie, 69364 Lyon Cedex, France
| | - Agnès Girard-Egrot
- Institut
de Chimie et de Biochimie Moléculaires et Supramoléculaires, CNRS UMR 5246, Université de Lyon, Université Lyon 1, INSA-Lyon, CPE-Lyon, Bât.
Curien, 43 Bd du 11 Novembre 1918, 69622 Villeurbanne, France
- Laboratoire
de Génie Enzymatique, Membranes Biomimétiques et Assemblages
Supramoléculaires, Institut de Chimie et de Biochimie Moléculaires
et Supramoléculaires, ICBMS, Université Lyon 1, Bât. Curien, 43 Bd du 11 Novembre 1918, 69622 Villeurbanne, France
| | - Yann Bretonnière
- Laboratoire
de Chimie de l’ENS de Lyon, Université de Lyon, CNRS UMR 5182, Université Lyon 1, ENS
de Lyon, 46 allée d’Italie, 69364 Lyon Cedex, France
| | - Stéphane Chambert
- Laboratoire
de Chimie Organique et Bioorganique, ICBMS, INSA Lyon, Bât. J. Verne, 20 Avenue A. Einstein, 69621 Villeurbanne Cedex, France
- Institut
de Chimie et de Biochimie Moléculaires et Supramoléculaires, CNRS UMR 5246, Université de Lyon, Université Lyon 1, INSA-Lyon, CPE-Lyon, Bât.
Curien, 43 Bd du 11 Novembre 1918, 69622 Villeurbanne, France
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35
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Rouède D, Coumailleau P, Schaub E, Bellanger JJ, Blanchard-Desce M, Tiaho F. Myofibrillar misalignment correlated to triad disappearance of mdx mouse gastrocnemius muscle probed by SHG microscopy. BIOMEDICAL OPTICS EXPRESS 2014; 5:858-875. [PMID: 24688819 PMCID: PMC3959848 DOI: 10.1364/boe.5.000858] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2013] [Revised: 01/15/2014] [Accepted: 01/19/2014] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
We show that the canonical single frequency sarcomeric SHG intensity pattern (SHG-IP) of control muscles is converted to double frequency sarcomeric SHG-IP in preserved mdx mouse gastrocnemius muscles in the vicinity of necrotic fibers. These double frequency sarcomeric SHG-IPs are often spatially correlated to double frequency sarcomeric two-photon excitation fluorescence (TPEF) emitted from Z-line and I-bands and to one centered spot SHG angular intensity pattern (SHG-AIP) suggesting that these patterns are signature of myofibrillar misalignement. This latter is confirmed with transmission electron microscopy (TEM). Moreover, a good spatial correlation between SHG signature of myofibrillar misalignment and triad reduction is established. Theoretical simulation of sarcomeric SHG-IP is used to demonstrate the correlation between change of SHG-IP and -AIP and myofibrillar misalignment. The extreme sensitivity of SHG microscopy to reveal the submicrometric organization of A-band thick filaments is highlighted. This report is a first step toward future studies aimed at establishing live SHG signature of myofibrillar misalignment involving excitation contraction defects due to muscle damage and disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Denis Rouède
- IPR, CNRS, UMR-CNRS UR1- 6251, Université de Rennes1, Campus de Beaulieu, Rennes, F-35000, France
| | - Pascal Coumailleau
- IRSET, INSERM, U1085, Université de Rennes1, Campus de Beaulieu, Rennes, F-35000, France
| | - Emmanuel Schaub
- IPR, CNRS, UMR-CNRS UR1- 6251, Université de Rennes1, Campus de Beaulieu, Rennes, F-35000, France
| | | | | | - François Tiaho
- IRSET, INSERM, U1085, Université de Rennes1, Campus de Beaulieu, Rennes, F-35000, France
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36
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Burke RM, Madden KS, Perry SW, Zettel ML, Brown EB. Tumor-associated macrophages and stromal TNF-α regulate collagen structure in a breast tumor model as visualized by second harmonic generation. JOURNAL OF BIOMEDICAL OPTICS 2013; 18:86003. [PMID: 23912760 PMCID: PMC3731198 DOI: 10.1117/1.jbo.18.8.086003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
Collagen fibers can be imaged with second harmonic generation (SHG) and are associated with efficient tumor cell locomotion. Preferential locomotion along these fibers correlates with a more aggressively metastatic phenotype, and changes in SHG emission properties accompany changes in metastatic outcome. We therefore attempted to elucidate the cellular and molecular machinery that influences SHG in order to understand how the microstructure of tumor collagen fibers is regulated. By quantifying SHG and immunofluorescence (IF) from tumors grown in mice with and without stromal tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α and in the presence or absence of tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs), we determined that depletion of TAMs alters tumor collagen fibrillar microstructure as quantified by SHG and IF. Furthermore, we determined that abrogation of TNF-α expression by tumor stromal cells also alters fibrillar microstructure and that subsequent depletion of TAMs has no further effect. In each case, metastatic burden correlated with optical readouts of collagen microstructure. Our results implicate TAMs and stromal TNF-α as regulators of breast tumor collagen microstructure and suggest that this regulation plays a role in tumor metastasis. Furthermore, these results indicate that quantification of SHG represents a useful strategy for evaluating the cells and molecular pathways responsible for manipulating fibrillar collagen in breast tumor models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryan M. Burke
- University of Rochester, Aab Cardiovascular Research Institute, 601 Elmwood Avenue Box CVRI, Rochester, New York 14642
| | - Kelley S. Madden
- University of Rochester, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Goergen Hall, River Campus Box 270168, Rochester, New York 14627
| | - Seth W. Perry
- University of Rochester, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Goergen Hall, River Campus Box 270168, Rochester, New York 14627
| | - Martha L. Zettel
- University of Rochester, Aab Cardiovascular Research Institute, 601 Elmwood Avenue Box CVRI, Rochester, New York 14642
| | - Edward B. Brown
- University of Rochester, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Goergen Hall, River Campus Box 270168, Rochester, New York 14627
- Address all correspondence to: Edward B. Brown III, University of Rochester, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Goergen Hall, River Campus Box 270168, Rochester, New York 14627. Tel: (585) 273-5918; Fax: (585) 276-2254; E-mail:
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37
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Thermal transitions of fibrillar collagen unveiled by second-harmonic generation microscopy of corneal stroma. Biophys J 2013; 103:1179-87. [PMID: 22995490 DOI: 10.1016/j.bpj.2012.07.055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2012] [Revised: 07/19/2012] [Accepted: 07/27/2012] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
The thermal transitions of fibrillar collagen are investigated with second-harmonic generation polarization anisotropy microscopy. Second-harmonic generation images and polarization anisotropy profiles of corneal stroma heated in the 35-80°C range are analyzed by means of a theoretical model that is suitable to probe principal intramolecular and interfibrillar parameters of immediate physiological interest. Our results depict the tissue modification with temperature as the interplay of three destructuration stages at different hierarchical levels of collagen assembly including its tertiary structure and interfibrillar alignment, thus supporting and extending previous findings. This method holds the promise of a quantitative inspection of fundamental biophysical and biochemical processes and may find future applications in real-time and postsurgical functional imaging of collagen-rich tissues subjected to thermal treatments.
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38
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Cicchi R, Vogler N, Kapsokalyvas D, Dietzek B, Popp J, Pavone FS. From molecular structure to tissue architecture: collagen organization probed by SHG microscopy. JOURNAL OF BIOPHOTONICS 2013; 6:129-42. [PMID: 22791562 DOI: 10.1002/jbio.201200092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 119] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2012] [Revised: 06/15/2012] [Accepted: 06/15/2012] [Indexed: 05/11/2023]
Abstract
Second-harmonic generation (SHG) microscopy is a fantastic tool for imaging collagen and probing its hierarchical organization from molecular scale up to tissue architectural level. In fact, SHG combines the advantages of a non-linear microscopy approach with a coherent modality able to probe molecular organization. In this manuscript we review the physical concepts describing SHG from collagen, highlighting how this optical process allows to probe structures ranging from molecular sizes to tissue architecture, through image pattern analysis and scoring methods. Starting from the description of the most relevant approaches employing SHG polarization anisotropy and forward - backward SHG detection, we then focus on the most relevant methods for imaging and characterizing collagen organization in tissues through image pattern analysis methods, highlighting advantages and limitations of the methods applied to tissue imaging and to potential clinical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Riccardo Cicchi
- European Laboratory for Non-linear Spectroscopy LENS, Via Nello Carrara 1, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino, Italy.
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Lien CH, Tilbury K, Chen SJ, Campagnola PJ. Precise, motion-free polarization control in Second Harmonic Generation microscopy using a liquid crystal modulator in the infinity space. BIOMEDICAL OPTICS EXPRESS 2013; 4:1991-2002. [PMID: 24156059 PMCID: PMC3799661 DOI: 10.1364/boe.4.001991] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2013] [Revised: 08/22/2013] [Accepted: 08/23/2013] [Indexed: 05/02/2023]
Abstract
Second Harmonic Generation (SHG) microscopy coupled with polarization analysis has great potential for use in tissue characterization, as molecular and supramolecular structural details can be extracted. Such measurements are difficult to perform quickly and accurately. Here we present a new method that uses a liquid crystal modulator (LCM) located in the infinity space of a SHG laser scanning microscope that allows the generation of any desired linear or circular polarization state. As the device contains no moving parts, polarization can be rotated accurately and faster than by manual or motorized control. The performance in terms of polarization purity was validated using Stokes vector polarimetry, and found to have minimal residual polarization ellipticity. SHG polarization imaging characteristics were validated against well-characterized specimens having cylindrical and/or linear symmetries. The LCM has a small footprint and can be implemented easily in any standard microscope and is cost effective relative to other technologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chi-Hsiang Lien
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, USA
- Department of Engineering Science, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 701, Taiwan
| | - Karissa Tilbury
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, USA
| | - Shean-Jen Chen
- Department of Engineering Science, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 701, Taiwan
| | - Paul J. Campagnola
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, USA
- Medical Physics Department, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, USA
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40
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Synthesis, Structural, Thermal and Photo-Physical Properties of Triazine Based NLO Material. J Fluoresc 2012; 23:399-406. [DOI: 10.1007/s10895-012-1154-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2012] [Accepted: 12/11/2012] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Chen X, Nadiarynkh O, Plotnikov S, Campagnola PJ. Second harmonic generation microscopy for quantitative analysis of collagen fibrillar structure. Nat Protoc 2012; 7:654-69. [PMID: 22402635 DOI: 10.1038/nprot.2012.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 570] [Impact Index Per Article: 47.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Second-harmonic generation (SHG) microscopy has emerged as a powerful modality for imaging fibrillar collagen in a diverse range of tissues. Because of its underlying physical origin, it is highly sensitive to the collagen fibril/fiber structure, and, importantly, to changes that occur in diseases such as cancer, fibrosis and connective tissue disorders. We discuss how SHG can be used to obtain more structural information on the assembly of collagen in tissues than is possible by other microscopy techniques. We first provide an overview of the state of the art and the physical background of SHG microscopy, and then describe the optical modifications that need to be made to a laser-scanning microscope to enable the measurements. Crucial aspects for biomedical applications are the capabilities and limitations of the different experimental configurations. We estimate that the setup and calibration of the SHG instrument from its component parts will require 2-4 weeks, depending on the level of the user's experience.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiyi Chen
- Department of Biomedica l Engineering, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin, USA
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42
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Dempsey WP, Fraser SE, Pantazis P. SHG nanoprobes: Advancing harmonic imaging in biology. Bioessays 2012; 34:351-60. [DOI: 10.1002/bies.201100106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 74] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
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Affiliation(s)
- Francisco Zaera
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Riverside, California 92521, United States
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Label-free 3D visualization of cellular and tissue structures in intact muscle with second and third harmonic generation microscopy. PLoS One 2011; 6:e28237. [PMID: 22140560 PMCID: PMC3225396 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0028237] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2011] [Accepted: 11/04/2011] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Second and Third Harmonic Generation (SHG and THG) microscopy is based on optical effects which are induced by specific inherent physical properties of a specimen. As a multi-photon laser scanning approach which is not based on fluorescence it combines the advantages of a label-free technique with restriction of signal generation to the focal plane, thus allowing high resolution 3D reconstruction of image volumes without out-of-focus background several hundred micrometers deep into the tissue. While in mammalian soft tissues SHG is mostly restricted to collagen fibers and striated muscle myosin, THG is induced at a large variety of structures, since it is generated at interfaces such as refraction index changes within the focal volume of the excitation laser. Besides, colorants such as hemoglobin can cause resonance enhancement, leading to intense THG signals. We applied SHG and THG microscopy to murine (Mus musculus) muscles, an established model system for physiological research, to investigate their potential for label-free tissue imaging. In addition to collagen fibers and muscle fiber substructure, THG allowed us to visualize blood vessel walls and erythrocytes as well as white blood cells adhering to vessel walls, residing in or moving through the extravascular tissue. Moreover peripheral nerve fibers could be clearly identified. Structure down to the nuclear chromatin distribution was visualized in 3D and with more detail than obtainable by bright field microscopy. To our knowledge, most of these objects have not been visualized previously by THG or any label-free 3D approach. THG allows label-free microscopy with inherent optical sectioning and therefore may offer similar improvements compared to bright field microscopy as does confocal laser scanning microscopy compared to conventional fluorescence microscopy.
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Oheim M. Advances and challenges in high-throughput microscopy for live-cell subcellular imaging. Expert Opin Drug Discov 2011; 6:1299-315. [DOI: 10.1517/17460441.2011.637105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Martin Oheim
- INSERM U603, CNRS UMR 8154, Université Paris Descartes, PRES Sorbonne Paris Cité, Laboratory of Neurophysiology and New Microscopies, F-75006 Paris, France ;
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Rouède D, Recher G, Bellanger JJ, Lavault MT, Schaub E, Tiaho F. Modeling of supramolecular centrosymmetry effect on sarcomeric SHG intensity pattern of skeletal muscles. Biophys J 2011; 101:494-503. [PMID: 21767503 DOI: 10.1016/j.bpj.2011.05.065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2011] [Revised: 05/25/2011] [Accepted: 05/31/2011] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
A theoretical far-field second harmonic generation (SHG) imaging radiation pattern is calculated for muscular myosin taking into account both Gouy effect and light diffraction under high focusing excitation. Theoretical analysis, in agreement with experimental results obtained on healthy Xenopus muscles, shows that the increase on intensity at the middle of the sarcomeric SHG intensity pattern is generated by an off-axis constructive interference related to the specific antipolar distribution of myosin molecules within the sarcomere. The best fit of the experimental sarcomeric SHG intensity pattern was obtained with an estimated size of antiparallel, intrathick filaments' packing-width of 115 ± 25 nm localized at the M-band. During proteolysis, experimental sarcomeric SHG intensity pattern exhibits decrease on intensity at the center of the sarcomere. An effective intra- and interthick filaments centrosymmetry of 320 ± 25 nm, in agreement with ultrastructural disorganization observed at the electron microscopy level, was necessary to fit the experimental sarcomeric SHG intensity pattern. Our results show that sarcomeric SHG intensity pattern is very sensitive to misalignment of thick filaments and highlights the potential usefulness of SHG microscopy to diagnose proteolysis-induced muscular disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Denis Rouède
- Institut de Physique de Rennes, UMR UR1-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique 6251, Rennes, France.
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Miniewicz A, Palewska K, Sznitko L, Lipinski J. Single- and Two-Photon Excited Fluorescence in Organic Nonlinear Optical Single Crystal 3-(1,1-Dicyanoethenyl)-1-phenyl-4,5-dihydro-1H-pyrazole. J Phys Chem A 2011; 115:10689-97. [DOI: 10.1021/jp204435s] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Andrzej Miniewicz
- Institute of Physical and Theoretical Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, Wybrzeze Wyspianskiego 27, Wroclaw University of Technology, 50-370 Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Krystyna Palewska
- Institute of Physical and Theoretical Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, Wybrzeze Wyspianskiego 27, Wroclaw University of Technology, 50-370 Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Lech Sznitko
- Institute of Physical and Theoretical Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, Wybrzeze Wyspianskiego 27, Wroclaw University of Technology, 50-370 Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Jozef Lipinski
- Institute of Physical and Theoretical Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, Wybrzeze Wyspianskiego 27, Wroclaw University of Technology, 50-370 Wroclaw, Poland
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48
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Abraham T, Wadsworth S, Carthy JM, Pechkovsky DV, McManus B. Minimally invasive imaging method based on second harmonic generation and multiphoton excitation fluorescence in translational respiratory research. Respirology 2011; 16:22-33. [PMID: 21054675 DOI: 10.1111/j.1440-1843.2010.01898.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
For translational respiratory research including in the development of clinical diagnostic tools, a minimally invasive imaging method, which can provide both cellular and extracellular structural details with sufficient specificity, sensitivity and spatial resolution, is particularly useful. Multiphoton microscopy causes excitation of endogenously fluorescent macromolecular systems and induces highly specific second harmonic generation signals from non-centrosymmetric macromolecules such as fibrillar collagens. Both these signals can be captured simultaneously to provide spatially resolved 3D structural organization of extracellular matrix as well as the cellular morphologies in their native states. Besides briefly discussing the fundamentals of multiphoton excitation fluorescence and harmonic generation signals and the instrumentation details, this review focuses on the specific applications of these imaging modalities in lung structural imaging, particularly morphological features of alveolar structures, visualizing and quantifying extracellular matrix remodelling accompanying emphysematous destructions as well as the IPF, detecting lung cancers and the potential use in the tissue engineering applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas Abraham
- The James Hogg Research Centre, Heart and Lung Institute at St. Paul's Hospital, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada.
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49
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Hwang YJ, Larsen J, Krasieva TB, Lyubovitsky JG. Effect of genipin crosslinking on the optical spectral properties and structures of collagen hydrogels. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2011; 3:2579-84. [PMID: 21644569 PMCID: PMC3189483 DOI: 10.1021/am200416h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 83] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
Genipin, a natural cross-linking reagent extracted from the fruits of Gardenia jasminoides, can be effectively employed in tissue engineering applications due to its low cytotoxicity and high biocompatibility. The cross-linking of collagen hydrogels with genipin was followed with one-photon fluorescence spectroscopy, second harmonic generation, fluorescence and transmission electron microscopy. The incubation with genipin induced strong auto-fluorescence within the collagen hydrogels. The fluorescence emission maximum of the fluorescent adducts formed by genipin exhibit a strong dependence on the excitation wavelength. The emission maximum is at 630 nm when we excite the cross-linked samples with 590 nm light and shifts to 462 nm when we use 400 nm light instead. The fluorescence imaging studies show that genipin induces formation of long aggregated fluorescent strands throughout the depth of samples. The second harmonic generation (SHG) imaging studies suggest that genipin partially disaggregates 10 μm "fiberlike" collagen structures because of the formation of these fluorescent cross-links. Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) studies reveal that genipin largely eliminates collagen's characteristic native fibrillar striations. Our study is the first one to nondestructively follow and identify the structure within collagen hydrogels in situ and to sample structures formed on both micro- and nanoscales. Our findings suggest that genipin cross-linking of collagen follows a complex mechanism and this compound modifies the structure within the collagen hydrogels in both micro- and nanoscale.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Jer Hwang
- Cell Molecular and Developmental Biology Program (CMBD), University of California Riverside, Riverside, California 9252, USA
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50
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Yue S, Slipchenko MN, Cheng JX. Multimodal Nonlinear Optical Microscopy. LASER & PHOTONICS REVIEWS 2011; 5:10.1002/lpor.201000027. [PMID: 24353747 PMCID: PMC3863942 DOI: 10.1002/lpor.201000027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 88] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2010] [Accepted: 01/21/2011] [Indexed: 05/17/2023]
Abstract
Because each nonlinear optical (NLO) imaging modality is sensitive to specific molecules or structures, multimodal NLO imaging capitalizes the potential of NLO microscopy for studies of complex biological tissues. The coupling of multiphoton fluorescence, second harmonic generation, and coherent anti-Stokes Raman scattering (CARS) has allowed investigation of a broad range of biological questions concerning lipid metabolism, cancer development, cardiovascular disease, and skin biology. Moreover, recent research shows the great potential of using CARS microscope as a platform to develop more advanced NLO modalities such as electronic-resonance-enhanced four-wave mixing, stimulated Raman scattering, and pump-probe microscopy. This article reviews the various approaches developed for realization of multimodal NLO imaging as well as developments of new NLO modalities on a CARS microscope. Applications to various aspects of biological and biomedical research are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuhua Yue
- Weldon School of Biomedical Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907
| | - Mikhail N. Slipchenko
- Weldon School of Biomedical Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907
| | - Ji-Xin Cheng
- Weldon School of Biomedical Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907
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