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Tóth AD, Schell R, Lévay M, Vettel C, Theis P, Haslinger C, Alban F, Werhahn S, Frischbier L, Krebs-Haupenthal J, Thomas D, Gröne HJ, Avkiran M, Katus HA, Wieland T, Backs J. Inflammation leads through PGE/EP 3 signaling to HDAC5/MEF2-dependent transcription in cardiac myocytes. EMBO Mol Med 2019; 10:emmm.201708536. [PMID: 29907596 PMCID: PMC6034133 DOI: 10.15252/emmm.201708536] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The myocyte enhancer factor 2 (MEF2) regulates transcription in cardiac myocytes and adverse remodeling of adult hearts. Activators of G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) have been reported to activate MEF2, but a comprehensive analysis of GPCR activators that regulate MEF2 has to our knowledge not been performed. Here, we tested several GPCR agonists regarding their ability to activate a MEF2 reporter in neonatal rat ventricular myocytes. The inflammatory mediator prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) strongly activated MEF2. Using pharmacological and protein-based inhibitors, we demonstrated that PGE2 regulates MEF2 via the EP3 receptor, the βγ subunit of Gi/o protein and two concomitantly activated downstream pathways. The first consists of Tiam1, Rac1, and its effector p21-activated kinase 2, the second of protein kinase D. Both pathways converge on and inactivate histone deacetylase 5 (HDAC5) and thereby de-repress MEF2. In vivo, endotoxemia in MEF2-reporter mice induced upregulation of PGE2 and MEF2 activation. Our findings provide an unexpected new link between inflammation and cardiac remodeling by de-repression of MEF2 through HDAC5 inactivation, which has potential implications for new strategies to treat inflammatory cardiomyopathies.
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Affiliation(s)
- András D Tóth
- Department of Molecular Cardiology and Epigenetics, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany.,DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), Heidelberg/Mannheim, Germany.,Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Richard Schell
- Department of Molecular Cardiology and Epigenetics, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany.,DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), Heidelberg/Mannheim, Germany.,Department of Cardiology, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Magdolna Lévay
- DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), Heidelberg/Mannheim, Germany.,Experimental Pharmacology, European Center of Angioscience, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Christiane Vettel
- DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), Heidelberg/Mannheim, Germany.,Experimental Pharmacology, European Center of Angioscience, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Philipp Theis
- Department of Molecular Cardiology and Epigenetics, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany.,DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), Heidelberg/Mannheim, Germany
| | - Clemens Haslinger
- Department of Molecular Cardiology and Epigenetics, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany.,DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), Heidelberg/Mannheim, Germany
| | - Felix Alban
- Department of Molecular Cardiology and Epigenetics, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany.,DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), Heidelberg/Mannheim, Germany
| | - Stefanie Werhahn
- Department of Molecular Cardiology and Epigenetics, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany.,DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), Heidelberg/Mannheim, Germany
| | - Lina Frischbier
- Department of Molecular Cardiology and Epigenetics, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany.,DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), Heidelberg/Mannheim, Germany
| | - Jutta Krebs-Haupenthal
- Department of Molecular Cardiology and Epigenetics, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany.,DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), Heidelberg/Mannheim, Germany
| | - Dominique Thomas
- Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Goethe University Frankfurt, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Hermann-Josef Gröne
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Pathology, German Cancer Research Center, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Metin Avkiran
- Cardiovascular Division, King's College London British Heart Foundation Centre of Research Excellence, The Rayne Institute, St Thomas' Hospital, London, UK
| | - Hugo A Katus
- Department of Cardiology, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Thomas Wieland
- DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), Heidelberg/Mannheim, Germany.,Experimental Pharmacology, European Center of Angioscience, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Johannes Backs
- Department of Molecular Cardiology and Epigenetics, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany .,DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), Heidelberg/Mannheim, Germany
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2
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Polyunsaturated fatty acids induce modification in the lipid composition and the prostaglandin production of the conjunctival epithelium cells. Graefes Arch Clin Exp Ophthalmol 2011; 250:211-22. [DOI: 10.1007/s00417-011-1801-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2011] [Revised: 07/08/2011] [Accepted: 08/04/2011] [Indexed: 10/17/2022] Open
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3
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Watkinson AC, Hadgraft J, Bye A. Enhanced Penetration of Prostaglandin E2 Through Human Skin In-Vitro. J Pharm Pharmacol 2011. [DOI: 10.1111/j.2042-7158.1990.tb14459.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - A Bye
- Upjohn Ltd., Fleming Way, Crawley
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4
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Viau S, Maire MA, Pasquis B, Grégoire S, Acar N, Bron AM, Bretillon L, Creuzot-Garcher CP, Joffre C. Efficacy of a 2-month dietary supplementation with polyunsaturated fatty acids in dry eye induced by scopolamine in a rat model. Graefes Arch Clin Exp Ophthalmol 2009; 247:1039-50. [DOI: 10.1007/s00417-009-1080-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2008] [Revised: 03/12/2009] [Accepted: 04/06/2009] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
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5
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Zarzycki P, Bartoszuk M. Improved TLC detection of prostaglandins by post-run derivatization with phosphomolybdic acid. JPC-J PLANAR CHROMAT 2008. [DOI: 10.1556/jpc.21.2008.5.12] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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6
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Berk A, Fronius M, Clauss W, Schnizler M. Prostaglandin E2 induces upregulation of Na+ transport across Xenopus lung epithelium. J Comp Physiol B 2003; 174:83-9. [PMID: 14586636 DOI: 10.1007/s00360-003-0391-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/03/2003] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
The apical mucus on pulmonary epithelia is not only critical for physiological functions such as gas exchange or inflammatory processes, but also contains surfactants and multiple molecules that mediate cellular responses. A tight control of transepithelial ion transport maintains viscosity of this layer and, e.g., the amiloride-sensitive sodium channels (ENaCs) in lung epithelia of vertebrates are the most important regulatory sites for transcellular sodium uptake. Dysfunction of this sodium transport results in reduced liquid absorption and causes massive problems with gas exchange. We used dissected lungs of Xenopus laevis in Ussing chambers to investigate the influence of prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) on the regulation of short-circuit current (ISC) and amiloride-sensitive sodium absorption (Iami). Apical application of PGE2 (1 microM) increased ISC by 38% and Iami by approximately 60%. In contrast, a different prostaglandin, PGI2, neither affected ISC nor Iami. Forskolin increased current to a similar magnitude and preincubation of the lung with an RP-isomer of cyclic AMP, an inhibitor of protein kinase A (PKA), abolished the effects of both PGE2 and forskolin. Transepithelial Na+ uptake was also upregulated by the prostaglandin receptor agonists misoprostol and sulprostone. The Iami in Xenopus oocytes that heterologously expressed ENaCs was not affected by PGE2.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Berk
- Institut für Tierphysiologie, Justus-Liebig Universität Giessen, Wartweg 95, 35392 Giessen, Germany.
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7
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Ho HO, Hwang MC, Tseng SL, Lin LH, Chen KT, Chiang HS, Spur BW, Wong PY, Sheu MT. The percutaneous penetration of prostaglandin E1 and its alkyl esters. J Control Release 1999; 58:349-55. [PMID: 10099159 DOI: 10.1016/s0168-3659(98)00169-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
The percutaneous delivery of PGE1 and its alkyl esters in alcoholic saline solution through hairless mouse skin was compared. The quantification of alkyl esters was based on the same principle as that for PGE1, which was converted to PGB1 to enhance the sensitivity and minimize the interference. Results showed that it was PGE1 that appeared in the receiver compartment for all alkyl esters examined. The flux of all alkyl esters of PGE1 in the same concentration was higher than PGE1 itself at most of saline vehicle with various fractions of alcohol. The maximal flux for a fixed concentration of each alkyl ester appeared at different fractions of alcohol. When the fractions of alcohol was kept constant, the alkyl ester that showed the maximal flux at this concentration appeared to have a longer chain length with increasing the fraction of alcohol. But isopropyl ester deviated from this order. It was concluded that the alkyl ester derivatives promoted the penetration of PGE1 mainly as a result of enhancing the drug partitioning into the stratum corneum. The alcohol fraction that needed to achieve the maximal flux at the same concentration increased with the increase of alkyl chain length, which resulted in the decrease of solubility parameter. It is necessary to optimize the fraction of alcohol in the saline solution in order to achieve the maximal flux at a fixed concentration for these alkyl esters with different alkyl chain length.
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Affiliation(s)
- H O Ho
- Graduate Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Taipei Medical College, Taipei, Taiwan 110, China.
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8
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Sheu MT, Lin LH, Spur BW, Wong PY, Chiang HS. Investigation of the percutaneous penetration of prostaglandin E1 and its ethyl ester. J Control Release 1998; 55:153-60. [PMID: 9795039 DOI: 10.1016/s0168-3659(98)00045-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
The optimization of percutaneous delivery of PGE1 and its ethyl ester in alcoholic buffer solution through hairless mouse skin was investigated. A reversed-phase HPLC system with a photodiode array detector was used to differentiate the UV spectra of the penetration products. By comparison of the UV spectrum for each chromatographic peak, the conversion of PGE1 ethyl ester to PGE1 by enzymatic hydrolysis was found to be the predominant degradation pathway during the in vitro penetration. The quantification of ethyl ester was developed based on the same principle as that for PGE1. It was then applied to monitor the penetration of prostaglandins through hairless mouse skin from the vehicles containing various fractions of alcohol. Results demonstrated that the alkyl group promoted the penetration mainly as a result of enhancing the drug partitioning into the stratum corneum at its maximal thermodynamic activity. The alcohol fraction around 20% seemed to be optimal for the percutaneous delivery of the ethyl ester. The use of collagen gel to carry PGE1 ethyl ester for percutaneous application was included for comparison. The effect of adding alcohol in the collagen gel on the penetration of PGE1 ethyl ester was found to be slightly lower than that from the same vehicle without collagen.
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Affiliation(s)
- M T Sheu
- Graduate Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Taipei Medical College, Taipei, Taiwan 110, ROC.
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9
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Weber TJ, Monks TJ, Lau SS. PGE2-mediated cytoprotection in renal epithelial cells: evidence for a pharmacologically distinct receptor. THE AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PHYSIOLOGY 1997; 273:F507-15. [PMID: 9362328 DOI: 10.1152/ajprenal.1997.273.4.f507] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Although the exact mechanism of prostaglandin E2 (PGE2)-mediated cytoprotection has not been elucidated, its ability to induce cytoprotection in cell culture suggests this action occurs at the cellular level. The present studies were conducted to determine whether PGE2 induces protection against 2,3,5-(trisglutathion-S-yl)-hydroquinone [2,3,5-(trisglutathion-S-yl)-HQ]-mediated cytotoxicity in a renal proximal tubule epithelial cell line (LLC-PK1) and to delineate the cellular and molecular mechanisms associated with this response. Pretreatment of LLC-PK1 cells with 0.01-40 microM PGE2 for 24 h fully protects against a moderately toxic concentration of 2,3,5-(trisglutathion-S-yl)-HQ. PGE2-mediated cytoprotection is observed in cells pretreated at pH 7.4 but not at pH 7.8. However, cytoprotection is observed in LLC-PK1 cells pretreated with the PGE2 analog, 11-deoxy-16,16-dimethyl PGE2 (DDM-PGE2) but not with the PGE2 receptor [E-prostanoid (EP)] agonists 17-phenyltrinor PGE2 (EP1), 11-deoxy PGE1 (EP2/EP4), sulprostone (EP1/EP3), PGE1, or PGA2. 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate (TPA), a potent activator of protein kinase C (PKC), also induces cytoprotection, supporting a role for this pathway in the cytoprotective response. PGE2, DDM-PGE2, and TPA all induce the binding of nuclear proteins to a TPA responsive element (TRE), whereas analogs that did not induce cytoprotection (PGE1, 17-phenyltrinor PGE2, sulprostone) were without effect. DDM-PGE2- and TPA-mediated cytoprotection and TRE binding activity are inhibited by N-(2[[3-(4-bromophenyl)-2-propenyl]-amino]-ethyl)-5-isoquinolinesulfonam ide (H-89), a PKC inhibitor. These data suggest that cytoprotection by PGE2 and DDM-PGE2 in LLC-PK1 cells is mediated by a PKC-coupled receptor, which is pharmacologically distinct from the presently classified EP receptor subtypes.
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Affiliation(s)
- T J Weber
- Division of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, University of Texas at Austin, 78712-1074, USA
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10
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Rubin D, Laposata M. Cellular interactions between n-6 and n-3 fatty acids: a mass analysis of fatty acid elongation/desaturation, distribution among complex lipids, and conversion to eicosanoids. J Lipid Res 1992. [DOI: 10.1016/s0022-2275(20)41397-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022] Open
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11
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Rubin D, Laposata M. Regulation of agonist-induced prostaglandin E1 versus prostaglandin E2 production. A mass analysis. J Biol Chem 1991. [DOI: 10.1016/s0021-9258(18)54328-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
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12
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Brown JA, Gray CJ, Hattersley G, Robinson J. Prostaglandins in the kidney, urinary bladder and gills of the rainbow trout and European eel adapted to fresh water and seawater. Gen Comp Endocrinol 1991; 84:328-35. [PMID: 1783277 DOI: 10.1016/0016-6480(91)90056-c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Prostaglandins in kidney, gills, and urinary bladder of freshwater-adapted and seawater-adapted rainbow trout, Oncorhynchus mykiss (= Salmo gairdneri), and European eel, Anguilla anguilla, were determined by solid-phase extraction of tissue homogenates and high-pressure liquid chromatography. Prostaglandins E2, E1, F1 alpha, F2 alpha, and D2 and the more stable metabolite of prostacyclin, 6-keto F1 alpha, occurred in these osmoregulatory tissues. In gill filaments and kidneys of both eel and trout, prostaglandins D2 and 6-keto F1 alpha were major prostaglandins. Concentrations of these prostaglandins were significantly lower in the eel after seawater adaptation, but not in the trout. The urinary bladder of the trout contained the highest levels of prostaglandins; bladders of seawater-adapted trout contained prostaglandin D2 at 6.7 ng/mg wet tissue, the highest level of any prostaglandin determined in the present studies. Prostaglandin D2 was not detected in bladders of freshwater-adapted trout.
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Affiliation(s)
- J A Brown
- Department of Biological Studies, Hatherly Laboratories, University of Exeter, United Kingdom
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13
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14
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Doehl J, Greibrokk T. Determination of prostaglandins in human seminal fluid by solid-phase extraction, pyridinium dichromate derivatization and high-performance liquid chromatography. JOURNAL OF CHROMATOGRAPHY 1990; 529:21-32. [PMID: 2211934 DOI: 10.1016/s0378-4347(00)83804-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Prostaglandins of the E type (PGEs) in human seminal fluid have been determined by reversed-phase high-performance chromatography on a C18 column and ultraviolet detection at 230 nm after solid-phase extraction (C18) and oxidation to the corresponding 15-oxoprostaglandin derivatives by pyridinium dichromate in acetonitrile. Under optimized conditions, PGEs from 10-ml seminal samples were extracted into 4 ml of methyl formate with high recoveries (estimated at greater than 95%) and subsequently separated under mild chromatographic conditions (0.5 mM formic acid-acetonitrile, apparent pH 3.8). Comparable analytical sensitivities were obtained with detection at 230 nm with a conventional deuterium lamp spectrophotometer and a photometer equipped with a cadmium emission source, while with a diode-array spectrophotometer, signal-to-noise ratios were reduced with factors between 4.4 and 3.1, depending on the spectral bandwidth of the instrument. Theoretical aspects of signal-to-noise optimization of ultraviolet detectors are discussed. The stability of dilute standard solutions of PGE2 and PGD2 was measured, showing solutions in dichloromethane at 20 degrees C to be as stable as acetonitrile solutions at 5 degrees C over a period of thirty days. Absolute ethanol and acetonitrile were equally suited as solvents.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Doehl
- Department of Chemistry, University of Oslo, Norway
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15
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Knapp HR, Salem N. Formation of PGI3 in the rat during dietary fish oil supplementation. PROSTAGLANDINS 1989; 38:509-21. [PMID: 2557651 DOI: 10.1016/0090-6980(89)90145-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Conflicting results exist in the literature on the conversion of eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) to trienoic prostaglandins and its influence on the formation of dienoic prostaglandins from arachidonic acid (AA). Tissues from animals fed fish oils produce little, if any, trienoic prostaglandins and reduced amounts of dienoic ones. Excretion of the major urinary metabolite of PGI2 is not reduced in humans taking fish oil, however, and substantial amounts of one derived from PGI3 have been found, by GC/MS. We have addressed this possible species difference by examining the urine of rats fed fish oil for 2.3 dinor-6-keto-PGF1 alpha and its delta 17 analog, formed from PGI2 and PGI3, respectively, and compared them with rats fed corn oil. Fatty acid differences in erythrocyte and aortic lipids were also determined. Rats fed fish oil do make PGI3 from eicosapentaenoic acid in vivo and do not suppress their production of PGI2, despite having more EPA than AA in aortic lipids.
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Affiliation(s)
- H R Knapp
- Division of Clinical Pharmacology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN
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16
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Doehl J, Greibrokk T. Identification of reaction products from the pyridinium dichromate derivatization of prostaglandins by high-performance liquid chromatography and direct chemical ionization mass spectrometry. J Chromatogr A 1989; 477:345-57. [PMID: 2808585 DOI: 10.1016/s0021-9673(01)89643-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
The reaction products from the oxidation of prostaglandins with pyridinium dichromate have been identified by direct chemical ionization mass spectrometry of the underivatized compounds after separation by reversed-phase high-performance liquid chromatography and ultraviolet diode-array detection. The thermal influence on the reproducibility of the dehydration patterns of the mass spectra was studied. The main products from the prostaglandins E1, E2, F1 alpha and F2 alpha were the corresponding 15-oxo derivatives. Minor amounts of the 9,11,15-trioxoprostaglandin were formed from PGE, while the oxidation of PGF was less selective, yielding additional dioxo derivatives. Addition of water to the reagent reduced the reactivity, but increased the selectivity in favour of the formation of 15-oxo-PGF during the oxidation of PGF.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Doehl
- Department of Chemistry, University of Oslo, Norway
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17
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Siouffi AM, Mincsovics E, Tyihak E. Planar chromatographic techniques in biomedicine: current status. JOURNAL OF CHROMATOGRAPHY 1989; 492:471-538. [PMID: 2671001 DOI: 10.1016/s0378-4347(00)84478-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
In planar chromatography (PLC), the solvent flows through a layer either by means of capillary forces [conventional thin-layer chromatography (TLC)] or by a forced-flow system (over-pressured layer chromatography). Phases and instrumentation currently available are briefly examined. The main applications in biomedicine are reviewed. Although silica gel TLC plates still predominate, interest in other phases is increasing. Unique detection features such as immunostaining are emphasized. Although gas chromatography and high-performance liquid chromatography have superseded TLC in the analysis of carbohydrates, amino acids and indole derivatives, interest in PLC continues to be high in lipid analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- A M Siouffi
- Laboratoire de Génie Chimique et Chimie Appliquée, Faculté des Sciences et Techniques de St-Jérôme, Avenue Escadrille Normandie Niémen, Marseille, France
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18
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Goetz FW, Duman P, Ranjan M, Herman CA. Prostaglandin F and E synthesis by specific tissue components of the brook trout (Salvelinus fontinalis) ovary. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1989. [DOI: 10.1002/jez.1402500211] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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Herman CA, Martinez JM. Epinephrine stimulates prostaglandin synthesis by bullfrog lung from warm-acclimated, but not cold-acclimated, animals. THE JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL ZOOLOGY 1988; 248:101-8. [PMID: 2846745 DOI: 10.1002/jez.1402480113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
Exogenous prostaglandins (PGs) have been shown to have differing effects on frog lung contractility. In this study, prostaglandin synthesis was measured in lung tissues from warm-acclimated (WA, 22 degrees C) and cold-acclimated (CA, 5 degrees C) American bullfrogs, Rana catesbeiana, incubated for 30 min at 5 degrees or 22 degrees C. Media were assayed by radioimmunoassay for PGE2, PGF2 alpha, 6-keto PGF 1 alpha (the metabolite of PGI2), and thromboxane (TX)B2 (the metabolite of TXA2). PGE2 was produced in greatest quantity by tissues from WA and CA animals, at both incubation temperatures. Epinephrine stimulated PGE2, PGF2 alpha, and TXB2 synthesis at 22 degrees C but only stimulated PGE2 production at 5 degrees C. In tissues from CA frogs, epinephrine did not stimulate prostaglandin synthesis at either incubation temperature. Ibuprofen (10(-5) M) inhibited basal and epinephrine-stimulated prostaglandin synthesis in tissues from WA frogs incubated at 22 degrees C. The beta receptor antagonist propranolol (10(-6) M) blocked the epinephrine-stimulated synthesis of PGE2, PGF2 alpha and TXB2, suggesting epinephrine stimulates prostaglandin synthesis through beta receptor activation. The absence of stimulation by epinephrine in lung from CA animals, but not in 5 degrees C incubations of tissues from WA animals, suggests that a modification of beta receptors occurs during prolonged cold exposure.
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Affiliation(s)
- C A Herman
- Department of Biology, New Mexico State University, Las Cruces 88003
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20
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Abstract
Work on the structure of prostaglandin E1 (PGE1), isolated from natural sources, was completed 25 years ago (1). Shortly after, methods for the chemical synthesis of PG with their natural configuration were developed in the laboratories of the UpJohn Company (2) and of E. J. Corey (3) and, by the late sixties, PGE1 became widely available. The information since accumulated about its biological and clinical effects is more substantial than for any other PG. This review will draw together some of this information, focusing on recent studies of its mechanisms of action.
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Affiliation(s)
- S J Kirtland
- Department of Biology, Roche Products Ltd., Welwyn Garden City, Herts, UK
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