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Moon HK, Won JE, Ryu JJ, Shim JS. The Effect of the Initiator/Activator/Accelerator Ratio on the Degree of Conversion, Film Thickness, Flow, and Cytotoxicity of Dual-Cured Self-Adhesive Resin Cements. MATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2024; 17:3572. [PMID: 39063864 PMCID: PMC11278755 DOI: 10.3390/ma17143572] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2024] [Revised: 07/15/2024] [Accepted: 07/16/2024] [Indexed: 07/28/2024]
Abstract
Although self-adhesive resin cements are convenient and less technique-sensitive materials for dental clinicians, they exhibit a lower degree of conversion due to acidic components in their composition. Supplementation of the initiator, accelerator, and activator in self-adhesive resin cements has been suggested to compensate for the lower degree of conversion. This study aimed to evaluate the effects of different combinations of self-curing initiators, self-curing activators, and accelerators on the degree of conversion (DC) of self-adhesive resin cements. A dual-cured self-adhesive resin was prepared using six combinations of initiators, activators, and accelerators. The change in the DC over time was evaluated with and without light curing. The film thickness, flow properties, and cytotoxicity of each formulation were assessed. The results showed that all supplemental components had an effect on increasing the DC, but a greater increase in the DC was observed in the following order: activator, accelerator, and initiator. The cytotoxicity of the resin cements was related to the DC values, as resin cements with lower DC values exhibited higher cytotoxicity. The film thickness met the ISO standards for all groups. The results suggest that utilizing an activator is the most effective approach to enhance the DC in self-adhesive resin cement and that cytotoxicity tended to increase with lower DC values, whereas film thickness and flow properties demonstrated no correlation with DC values.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyun Kyung Moon
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Medicine, Korea University Guro Hospital, Seoul 08308, Republic of Korea;
| | - Jong-Eun Won
- Institute for Clinical Dental Research, Department of Dentistry, Korea University Guro Hospital, Seoul 08308, Republic of Korea;
| | - Jae Jun Ryu
- Department of Prosthodontics, Korea University Anam Hospital, Seoul 02841, Republic of Korea
| | - Ji Suk Shim
- Institute for Clinical Dental Research, Department of Dentistry, Korea University Guro Hospital, Seoul 08308, Republic of Korea;
- Department of Prosthodontics, Korea University Guro Hospital, Seoul 08308, Republic of Korea
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Berger L, Matta RE, Weiß CM, Adler W, Wichmann M, Zorzin JI. Effect of Luting Materials on the Accuracy of Fit of Zirconia Copings: A Non-Destructive Digital Analysis Method. MATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2024; 17:2130. [PMID: 38730936 PMCID: PMC11084802 DOI: 10.3390/ma17092130] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2024] [Revised: 04/26/2024] [Accepted: 04/28/2024] [Indexed: 05/13/2024]
Abstract
The marginal accuracy of fit between prosthetic restorations and abutment teeth represents an essential aspect with regard to long-term clinical success. Since the final gap is also influenced by the luting techniques and materials applied, this study analyzed the accuracy of the fit of single-tooth zirconia copings before and after cementation using different luting materials. Forty plaster dies with a corresponding zirconia coping were manufactured based on a single tooth chamfer preparation. The copings were luted on the plaster dies (n = 10 per luting material) with a zinc phosphate (A), glass-ionomer (B), self-adhesive resin (C), or resin-modified glass-ionomer cement (D). The accuracy of fit for each coping was assessed using a non-destructive digital method. Intragroup statistical analysis was conducted using Wilcoxon signed rank tests and intergroup analysis by Kruskal-Wallis and Mann-Whitney U tests (α = 0.05). Accuracy of fit was significantly different before/after cementation within A (0.033/0.110 µm) and B (0.035/0.118 µm; p = 0.002). A had a significantly increased marginal gap compared to C and D, and B compared to C and D (p ≤ 0.001). Significantly increased vertical discrepancies between A and B versus C and D (p < 0.001) were assessed. Of the materials under investigation, the zinc phosphate cement led to increased vertical marginal discrepancies, whereas the self-adhesive resin cement did not influence the restoration fit.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lara Berger
- Department of Prosthodontics, University Hospital Erlangen, Glückstrasse 11, 91054 Erlangen, Germany; (L.B.); (C.M.W.)
| | - Ragai-Edward Matta
- Department of Prosthodontics, University Hospital Erlangen, Glückstrasse 11, 91054 Erlangen, Germany; (L.B.); (C.M.W.)
| | - Christian Markus Weiß
- Department of Prosthodontics, University Hospital Erlangen, Glückstrasse 11, 91054 Erlangen, Germany; (L.B.); (C.M.W.)
| | - Werner Adler
- Institute of Medical Informatics, Biometry and Epidemiology (IMBE) of the Friedrich-Alexander-University, Erlangen-Nuremberg, Waldstrasse 6, 91054 Erlangen, Germany;
| | - Manfred Wichmann
- Department of Prosthodontics, University Hospital Erlangen, Glückstrasse 11, 91054 Erlangen, Germany; (L.B.); (C.M.W.)
| | - José Ignacio Zorzin
- Dental Clinic 1—Department of Operative Dentistry and Periodontology, Erlangen University Hospital, Glueckstrasse 11, 91054 Erlangen, Germany;
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Daou EE. Effect of lamination layer thickness and abutment preparation on the fit of Co-Cr multi-unit prostheses fabricated by additive manufacturing: An in vitro study. J Prosthet Dent 2024; 131:652-657. [PMID: 35430049 DOI: 10.1016/j.prosdent.2022.02.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2021] [Revised: 02/04/2022] [Accepted: 02/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
STATEMENT OF PROBLEM Selective laser melting has been increasingly used in the fabrication of metal-ceramic prostheses. The lamination layer thickness may influence the fit of the restoration. However, data regarding its impact remain scarce. PURPOSE The purpose of this in vitro study was to evaluate the marginal and internal fit of cobalt-chromium (Co-Cr) 3-unit frameworks fabricated by additive manufacturing with different melting layer thicknesses on different abutments. MATERIAL AND METHODS The first right maxillary premolar and molar from a typodont were prepared with a circumferential 1.2-mm chamfer, 2-mm occlusal reduction, and total taper of 8 degrees to receive 3-unit fixed partial dentures. After framework design, the data were sent to a laser machine, and 30 specimens were fabricated from Co-Cr metal powder (Mediloy S-Co) by selective laser melting. Specimens were assigned to 3 groups (n=10) with different lamination layer thicknesses of 25 (L25), 50 (L50), and 100 (L100) μm. Marginal fit and internal fit were evaluated. Results were compared among layer thickness groups and abutments. Data were compared by using the Levene test, t test, and ANOVA (α=.05). RESULTS A statistical difference was found between different layer thickness groups (P=.016), but not between abutments (P=.429). On the abutment level, significant difference was found in the gap values for the molars (P=.049) between layer thickness groups, but not for the premolars (P=.126). Group L25 reported the smallest mean discrepancy values, and group L100 reported the highest, with statistical difference found between group L100 and groups L25 (P<.001) and L50 (P<.025), but not between groups L25 and L50 (P=.094). CONCLUSIONS The lamination layer thickness affected the adaptation of the metal frameworks. Framework fit did not significantly differ between abutments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elie E Daou
- Assistant Professor, Department of Prosthodontics, School of Dentistry, Lebanese University, Beirut, Lebanon; Assistant Professor, Al-Ayen University, Nile Street, Nasiriyah.
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Dupagne L, Mawussi B, Tapie L, Lebon N. Comparison of the measurement error of optical impressions obtained with four intraoral and one extra-oral dental scanners of post and core preparations. Heliyon 2023; 9:e13235. [PMID: 36747555 PMCID: PMC9898050 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e13235] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2022] [Revised: 01/04/2023] [Accepted: 01/22/2023] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Statement of problem Innovations in intraoral scanner (IOS) technology are opening up ever more indications for computer-aided design and manufacturing (CAD-CAM). The manufacturers claim that the latest generations of scanners allow the digitizing of root canal preparations. However, there is a lack of studies evaluating the quality of the optical impressions made for this type of treatment. Purpose The purpose of this study was to evaluate the measurement error of 4 IOSs and a laboratory scanner used for the digitizing of root canal preparations and to highlight the effect of the presence or absence of adjacent teeth on the quality of the digital model. Material and methods Two models: one presenting adjacent teeth, one without adjacent teeth, both presenting a 10 mm deep nominal conical pit mimicking a root canal preparation were fabricated. Each model was scanned 10 times with a laboratory scanner (E3) and 4 intraoral scanners (Primescan, Omnicam, TRIOS 4, and Medit i700). The digital models were then exported as standard tessellation language (STL) files and analyzed to evaluate the mean measurement error of the digitizing of the root preparation at three different depths: 0-3 mm, 3-6 mm, and 6-9 mm. Significant differences were assessed with a 1-way ANOVA test and the pairwise comparison between scanners was done by Tukey's multiple comparison test. Results Statistical differences were found between scanners (P < 0.05). The mean measurement error ranged from 9.8 ± 0.5 μm with the Medit i700 to 28.2 ± 10 μm with the E3. The E3 and Omnicam scanners were in some cases incapable of digitizing the conical preparation in its entirety. The group Primescan, TRIOS 4, and Medit i700 showed minimally significant differences. The presence of adjacent teeth had a negative effect on the model quality for some scanners, mainly because of the obstruction of the IOS's head. Conclusions Significant differences were found among the dental scanners used for digitizing root canal preparations. Optical impressions with modern intraoral scanners seem to be an adapted method of registration of root canal preparation for post-and-copings of post-and-cores fabrication.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucien Dupagne
- Prosthodontic Department, Unité de Recherche Biomatériaux Innovants et Interfaces, Université Paris Cité, Montrouge, France,Hopital Louis Mourier, Colombes, France,Corresponding author. Prosthodontic Department, Unité de Recherche Biomatériaux Innovants et Interfaces, Université Paris Cité, Montrouge, France.
| | - Bernardin Mawussi
- Université Sorbonne Paris Nord, Unité de Recherche Biomatériaux Innovants et Interfaces, Bobigny, France,Université Paris Cité, Montrouge, France
| | - Laurent Tapie
- EPF Ecole d'ingénieurs, Unité de Recherche Biomatériaux Innovants et Interfaces, Cachan, France,Université Paris Cité, Montrouge, France
| | - Nicolas Lebon
- Université Sorbonne Paris Nord, Unité de Recherche Biomatériaux Innovants et Interfaces, Bobigny, France,Université Paris Cité, Montrouge, France
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Zirconia Nanoparticles as Reinforcing Agents for Contemporary Dental Luting Cements: Physicochemical Properties and Shear Bond Strength to Monolithic Zirconia. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24032067. [PMID: 36768390 PMCID: PMC9916921 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24032067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2022] [Revised: 01/06/2023] [Accepted: 01/18/2023] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Nanofillers in resin materials can improve their mechanical and physicochemical properties. The present work investigated the effects of zirconia nanoparticles (NPs) as fillers in commercial dental luting cements. Two dual-cured self-adhesive composites and one resin modified glass ionomer (RMGI) luting cement were employed. Film thickness (FT), flexural strength (FS), water sorption (Wsp), and shear bond strength (SBS) to monolithic zirconia were evaluated according to ISO 16506:2017 and ISO 9917-2:2017, whereas polymerization progress was evaluated with FTIR. Photopolymerization resulted in double the values of DC%. The addition of 1% wt NPs does not significantly influence polymerization, however, greater amounts do not promote crosslinking. The sorption behavior and the mechanical performance of the composites were not affected, while the film thickness increased in all luting agents, within the acceptable limits. Thermocycling (TC) resulted in a deteriorating effect on all composites. The addition of NPs significantly improved the mechanical properties of the RMGI cement only, without negatively affecting the other cements. Adhesive primer increased the initial SBS significantly, however after TC, its application was only beneficial for RMGI. The MDP containing luting cement showed higher SBS compared to the RMGI and 4-META luting agents. Future commercial adhesives containing zirconia nanoparticles could provide cements with improved mechanical properties.
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Daou EE, Baba NZ. The Effect of Firing Cycles on the Fit of Cobalt-Chromium Multiunit Prostheses Fabricated by Additive Manufacturing. J Prosthodont 2023; 32:71-76. [PMID: 35304798 DOI: 10.1111/jopr.13506] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2021] [Accepted: 03/02/2022] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE The effect of annealing and firing cycle on the adaptation of cobalt-chromium (CoCr) restorations fabricated by additive manufacturing has been poorly documented. This study compared the marginal and internal fit of CoCr three-unit fixed dental prostheses before and after firing cycles. MATERIAL AND METHODS The first right maxillary premolar (MP) and molar (MM) on a typodont model, were prepared with a circumferential 1.2 mm chamfer, 2 mm occlusal reduction, and total taper of 8 degrees, to receive 3-unit fixed dental prostheses (FDP). After the framework design, 20 framework specimens were fabricated using CoCr metal powder by selective laser melting. The replica technique was used for marginal and internal fit measurements in mesiodistal and buccolingual planes. The specimens were submitted to an annealing process, and to ceramic firing protocol. Measurements were repeated after each firing cycle. The data were compared by using Levene test, t-test, and analysis of variance (ANOVA) (α = 0.05). RESULTS A significant difference was found in the total intaglio surface discrepancy between the 3 treatments. The annealing treatment induced a statistical difference in the discrepancy value compared to the as printed state (p = 0.028). A significant difference was detected between the initial manufacturing phase and the ceramic layering firing cycle (p = 0.003). CONCLUSIONS Firing cycles induced an alteration of the frameworks adaptation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elie E Daou
- Department of Prosthodontics, Faculty of Dental Medicine, Lebanese University, Beirut, Lebanon.,Al-Ayen University, Nile Street, Nasiriyah
| | - Nadim Z Baba
- Advanced Specialty Education Program in Implant Dentistry, Loma Linda University, School of Dentistry, California, USA
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Teyagirwa P, Aquin C, Kharouf N, Roman T, Senger B, Reitzer F, Etienne O. Operator versus material influence on film thickness using adhesive resin cement or pre‐heated resin composite. J ESTHET RESTOR DENT 2022; 35:517-524. [PMID: 36453835 DOI: 10.1111/jerd.12988] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2022] [Revised: 11/13/2022] [Accepted: 11/16/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE There is a growing interest in using pre-heated composites instead of dual-cured cements when luting indirect restorations. This study evaluated the film thickness obtained from two pre-heated composites and two resin cements, by two different operators. The influence of the materials and the level of expertise of the operator were analyzed. MATERIALS AND METHODS Forty specimens of human dentin and composite discs were prepared and divided into four groups depending on the luting process. Each group was randomly equally divided to be handled by two operators with different levels of experience. Two of the initial four groups were luted using dual-cured cements and the two remaining groups using light-cured pre-heated composites. Specimen discs were cut after luting, and film thickness was measured using a Digital microscope. Data were analyzed using a 2-way ANOVA with the Holm-Sidak pairwise multiple comparison procedure (p < 0.05). RESULTS Mean film thickness ranged from 156.16 ± 4.7 to 33.82 ± 0.7 μm. Significant differences (p < 0.001) were noticed between expert and novice results with pre-heated composites. CONCLUSION Within the limits of this study, using pre-heated composites as a luting cement requires a better level of expertise to achieve a clinically acceptable film thickness. CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE Using pre-heated composites as luting agent for indirect restorations requires an experimented skill level to achieve a clinically recommended film thickness.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Claire Aquin
- Faculty of Dental Medicine University of Strasbourg Strasbourg France
| | - Naji Kharouf
- Faculty of Dental Medicine University of Strasbourg Strasbourg France
- INSERM U1121 Strasbourg France
| | | | | | - François Reitzer
- Faculty of Dental Medicine University of Strasbourg Strasbourg France
- INSERM U1121 Strasbourg France
| | - Olivier Etienne
- Faculty of Dental Medicine University of Strasbourg Strasbourg France
- INSERM U1121 Strasbourg France
- Icube UMR7357 Strasbourg France
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Leung GKH, Wong AWY, Chu CH, Yu OY. Update on Dental Luting Materials. Dent J (Basel) 2022; 10:208. [PMID: 36354653 PMCID: PMC9689175 DOI: 10.3390/dj10110208] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2022] [Revised: 10/24/2022] [Accepted: 11/01/2022] [Indexed: 08/26/2023] Open
Abstract
A dental luting material aids in the retention and stability of indirect restorations on the prepared tooth structure. In dentistry, clinicians are using a wide range of luting materials for the cementation of indirect restorations. Zinc oxide eugenol and non-eugenol cements, zinc phosphate cement, zinc polycarboxylate cement, glass ionomer cement and resin cements are common dental cements used in dentistry. Each luting material or cement possesses unique properties and clinical implications. An ideal luting cement should be biocompatible, insoluble, resistant to thermal and chemical assaults, antibacterial, aesthetic, simple and easy to use. It should have high strength properties under tension, shear and compression to resist stress at the restoration-tooth interface, as well as adequate working and setting times. So far, no luting material possesses all of these properties of an ideal cement. Scientists have been modifying the conventional luting cements to improve the material's clinical performance and developing novel materials for clinical use. To achieve the best clinical outcome, clinicians should update their knowledge and gain a good understanding of the luting materials so that they can make a wise clinical decision on the material selection and obtain an insight into the development of luting cements. Therefore, the objective of this study is to provide a discussion on the physical, chemical, adhesive and aesthetic properties of common luting materials. The clinical indications of these luting materials are suggested based on their properties. In addition, overviews of the modification of the conventional luting materials and the newly developed luting materials are provided.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Ollie Yiru Yu
- Faculty of Dentistry, The University of Hong Kong, Prince Philip Dental Hospital, 34 Hospital Road, Sai Ying Pun, Hong Kong, China
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Zhang Y, Yu P, Yu H. Stress distribution and microgap formation in angulated zirconia abutments with a titanium base in narrow diameter implants: A 3D finite element analysis. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL FOR NUMERICAL METHODS IN BIOMEDICAL ENGINEERING 2022; 38:e3610. [PMID: 35490303 DOI: 10.1002/cnm.3610] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2021] [Revised: 04/18/2022] [Accepted: 04/27/2022] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE This in vitro study aimed to use failure stress and implant abutment interface (IAI) microgap size to find the compromised axial angle range of angulated zirconia abutments with a titanium base in narrow diameter implants in the esthetic region. MATERIALS AND METHODS A three-dimensional (3D) finite element model of maxillary central incisor implant prosthesis was reconstructed. Angulated zirconia abutments (0°, 15°, 30°, and - 15°) with a titanium base in narrow diameter implants (3.3*12 mm, Bone level, Roxolid SLActive, Straumann AG, Switzerland) were designed to simulate clinical scenarios of buccal inclination 0°, 15°, and 30°, and palatal inclination 15° of the implant long axis. Straight titanium abutment and pure titanium implant were used as two control groups. An oblique force at 30° inclination to the long axis of the crown was applied 3 mm below the incisal edge on the palatal surface of the prosthesis. Under simulated dynamic chewing force, the stress distribution of the implant components and surrounding bone were investigated. The relative micromotion displacement between the implant and abutment models at the IAI area was recorded, and the influence of tightening torque on the IAI microgap was evaluated. RESULTS The angulation of the zirconia abutment could affect the stress value and IAI microgap of implant restorations. When the zirconia abutment angle increased from -15 °to 30°, the stress on the central screw, titanium base, and surrounding bone tissue gradually increased by 9%, 20%, and 23%, respectively. The stress levels of the 30° zirconia abutment group showed the risk of exceeding the threshold. When the long axis of the implant was inclined in the palatal direction, the -15° angle abutment reduced the stress by 3% and reduced the strain level of the implant system by 17% and the surrounding bone tissue by 26%. Under simulated dynamic chewing load, the displacement between the implants and the abutment occurred in each group of the implant system, and the amplitude of the micromotion fluctuated with the change in the load. The horizontal displacement caused a 0.075-1.459 μm palatal microgap and 0.091-0.945 μm distal microgap in the IAI. The microgap between the lip and palate was more evident, and the vertical displacement difference was manifested as the abutment sliding down the implant. CONCLUSIONS In cases of upper implant restoration with difficulties such as small gaps and axial defects in the esthetic zone, the abutment angle is highly recommended to be in a slightly palatal-inclined direction or to not exceed 15° when the implant is inclined to the labial side to avoid mechanical damage and leakage caused by the appearance of excessively large micromotion gaps. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuqiang Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Disease, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, People's Republic of China
| | - Ping Yu
- Department of Stomatology, Chengdu Second People's Hospital, Chengdu, People's Republic of China
| | - Haiyang Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Disease, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, People's Republic of China
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Hassan LA, Goo CL. Effect of cement space on marginal discrepancy and retention of CAD/CAM crown. Dent Mater J 2021; 40:1189-1195. [PMID: 34078778 DOI: 10.4012/dmj.2020-408] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
This research aimed to evaluate the effect of cement space on the marginal discrepancy and retention of computer-aided design/computer-aided manufacturing (CAD/CAM) crowns. A total of 30 premolar Frasaco teeth were machined to receive crowns with cement spaces of 70, 90, and 110 μm. The marginal discrepancy measurements were done before and after cementation. Pull-off test was conducted using universal testing machine (UTM). Data was analyzed using two-way mixed ANOVA with post-hoc Bonferroni test and Kruskal-Wallis test. The crowns with cement space of 70 μm showed a significantly higher absolute marginal discrepancy than those with 90 and 110 μm. No significant effect on the crown retention was found. Within the limitations of this study, modifying cement space to 90 μm and 110 μm may improve the marginal adaptation of CAD/CAM crown, whereas adjusting cement space from 70 to 110 μm did not significantly affect the crown retention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laila Azwa Hassan
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, The National University of Malaysia
| | - Chui Ling Goo
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, The National University of Malaysia
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Singer L, Bourauel CP. Shear Bond Strength and Film Thickness of a Naturally Antimicrobial Modified Dental Luting Cement. Molecules 2021; 26:molecules26051276. [PMID: 33652887 PMCID: PMC7956618 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26051276] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2021] [Revised: 02/11/2021] [Accepted: 02/22/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Although several natural plants and mixtures have been known and used over the centuries for their antibacterial activity, few have been thoroughly explored in the field of dentistry. Thus, the aim of this study was to enhance the antimicrobial activity of a conventional glass ionomer cement (GIC) with natural plant extracts. The effect of this alteration on the bond strength and film thickness of glass ionomer cement was evaluated and related to an 0.5% chlorohexidine modified GIC. Olive leaves (Olea europaea), Fig tree (Ficus carica), and the leaves and roots of Miswak (Salvadora persica) were used to prepare an alcoholic extract mixture. The prepared extract mixture after the evaporation of the solvent was used to modify a freeze-dried glass ionomer cement at three different extracts: water mass ratios 1:2, 1:1, and 2:1. An 0.5% chlorhexidine diacetate powder was added to a conventional GIC for the preparation of a positive control group (CHX-GIC) for comparison. The bond strength to dentine was assessed using a material-testing machine at a cross head speed of 0.5 mm/min. Failure mode was analyzed using a stereomicroscope at 12× magnification. The cement film thickness was evaluated in accordance with ISO standard 9917-1. The minimum number of samples in each group was n = 10. Statistical analysis was performed using a Kruskal–Wallis test followed by Dunn’s post hoc test for pairwise comparison. There was a statistically insignificant difference between the median shear bond strength (p = 0.046) of the control group (M = 3.4 MPa), and each of the CHX-GIC (M = 1.7 MPa), and the three plant modified groups of 1:2, 1:1, 2:1 (M = 5.1, 3.2, and 4.3 MPa, respectively). The CHX-GIC group showed statistically significant lower median values compared to the three plant-modified groups. Mixed and cohesive failure modes were predominant among all the tested groups. All the tested groups (p < 0.001) met the ISO standard of having less than 25 µm film thickness, with the 2:1 group (M = 24 µm) being statistically the highest among all the other groups. The plant extracts did not alter either the shear bond strength or the film thickness of the GIC and thus might represent a promising additive to GICs.
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Effect on Physical and Mechanical Properties of Conventional Glass Ionomer Luting Cements by Incorporation of All-Ceramic Additives: An In Vitro Study. Int J Dent 2020; 2020:8896225. [PMID: 33061975 PMCID: PMC7545438 DOI: 10.1155/2020/8896225] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2020] [Revised: 08/27/2020] [Accepted: 09/13/2020] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction Glass ionomer cements (GICs) are commonly used for cementation of indirect restorations. However, one of their main drawbacks is their inferior mechanical properties. Aim Compositional modification of conventional glass ionomer luting cements by incorporating two types of all-ceramic powders in varying concentrations and evaluation of their film thickness, setting time, and strength. Material & Methods. Experimental GICs were prepared by adding different concentrations of two all-ceramic powders (5%, 10, and 15% by weight) to the powder of the glass ionomer luting cements, and their setting time, film thickness, and compressive strength were determined. The Differential Scanning Calorimetry analysis was done to evaluate the kinetics of the setting reaction of the samples. The average particle size of the all-ceramic and glass ionomer powders was determined with the help of a particle size analyzer. Results A significant increase in strength was observed in experimental GICs containing 10% all-ceramic powders. The experimental GICs with 5% all-ceramic powders showed no improvement in strength, whereas those containing 15% all-ceramic powders exhibited a marked decrease in strength. Setting time of all experimental GICs progressively increased with increasing concentration of all-ceramic powders. Film thickness of all experimental GICs was much higher than the recommended value for clinical application. Conclusion 10% concentration of the two all-ceramic powders can be regarded as the optimal concentration for enhancing the glass ionomer luting cements' strength. There was a significant increase in the setting time at this concentration, but it was within the limit specified by ISO 9917–1:2007 specifications for powder/liquid acid-base dental cements. Reducing the particle size of the all-ceramic powders may help in decreasing the film thickness, which is an essential parameter for the clinical performance of any luting cement.
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Ibrahim RO, Al-Zahawi AR, Sabri LA. Mechanical and thermal stress evaluation of PEEK prefabricated post with different head design in endodontically treated tooth: 3D-finite element analysis. Dent Mater J 2020; 40:508-518. [PMID: 32999141 DOI: 10.4012/dmj.2020-053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
An endodontic post is required to retain and support the core restoration in case of insufficient remaining coronal dentin after root canal therapy. This study analyzed the biomechanical and thermal behavior of PEEK prefabricated post after choosing the head design that produces the least amount of stress on the core and remaining tooth structure. These results were compared with the most common commercially available prefabricated post, which is titanium and glass fiber post. Thus a CBCT scanning of a maxillary central incisor with its supporting structure was used to construct a 3D solid model of an endodontically treated teeth for finite element analysis (FEA). The restored tooth with the spherical head design of PEEK prefabricated post yielded a more benign stress distribution and repairable failure mode on the crown, luting cement, core, and dentin under both mechanical and thermal loads, followed by glass fiber post and titanium post respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rawa Omar Ibrahim
- Conservative Department, College of Dentistry, University of Sulaimani
| | | | - Laith Abed Sabri
- Department of Mechatronics, Al-Khwarizmi College of Engineering, University of Baghdad
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Digital evaluation of laser scanning speed effects on the intaglio surface adaptation of laser-sintered metal frameworks. J Prosthet Dent 2020; 123:874.e1-874.e7. [PMID: 32147253 DOI: 10.1016/j.prosdent.2019.12.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2019] [Revised: 12/26/2019] [Accepted: 12/27/2019] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
STATEMENT OF PROBLEM Laser sintering has several processing parameters, typically under the control of dental laboratory technicians. Laser scan speed is an important parameter, which has a significant effect on manufacturing time but may also affect the adaptation of restorations. However, limited information is available regarding its impact. PURPOSE The purpose of this in vitro study was to evaluate the intaglio surface adaptation of laser-sintered cobalt-chromium single-crown frameworks sintered at laser scanning speeds of 1, 3, and 6 m/s. MATERIAL AND METHODS A master bronze metal die was prepared and scanned by using a laboratory scanner to fabricate the metal frameworks for 4 groups (n=10). In group C, the frameworks were fabricated by using the lost-wax method (control). In group L1, L3, and L6, the frameworks were fabricated by using direct metal laser melting (DMLM) at laser scanning speeds of 1, 3, and 6 m/s. After fabrication, 3 scanning data sets were used to evaluate the intaglio surface adaptation: the master die, the intaglio surface of each metal framework, and each metal framework seated on the master die. The intaglio surface adaptation of the metal frameworks was evaluated by using a metrology software program. The data were statistically analyzed by using a 1-way ANOVA, the Tukey honestly significant difference test, and the Tamhane T2 test (α=.05). RESULTS The highest mean intaglio surface discrepancy value was obtained from group L6, and this was significantly different from the other 3 groups (P<.001). No significant intaglio surface discrepancy differences were found among the other groups. CONCLUSION The amount of intaglio surface discrepancy increased when the laser scanning speed reached 6 m/s.
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Influence of two different cement space settings and three different cement types on the fit of polymer-infiltrated ceramic network material crowns manufactured using a complete digital workflow. Clin Oral Investig 2019; 24:1929-1938. [PMID: 31515700 DOI: 10.1007/s00784-019-03053-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2019] [Accepted: 08/05/2019] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The study evaluates the influence of two spacer settings and three resin luting materials on the marginal and internal fit of polymer-infiltrated ceramic network (PICN) material crowns manufactured using a complete digital workflow. METHODS Optical impressions of fifty identical dies were performed using the 3M scanner (software version 5.0.2). Twenty crowns were designed using Ceramill Mind (version 3.4.10.1163), from which ten with spacer setting of 50 μm (G1) and ten with 80 μm (G2). Thirty crowns (spacer setting of 50 μm) were divided into three groups corresponding to the resin materials used as follows: RelyX Unicem (RX), Variolink Esthetic (VLE), and Nexus 3 (NX3). All crowns were milled from Vita Enamic blocks. After micro-CT scanning, absolute marginal discrepancy (AMD), internal gap (IG), total cement space volume (TCV), and marginal porosities (VP) were measured. RESULTS Significant difference was detected on the VP between the RX and NX3 group (p = 0.033). The mean values of all parameters were the following: AMD (μm): G1 182.6, G2 253.7, RX 210.8, VLE 195.5, NX3 186.6; IG (μm): G1 215.6, G2 173.1, RX 171.1, VLE 198.6, NX3 203; TCV (mm3): G1 22.9, G2 20.49, RX 17.57, VLE 17.49, NX3 20.59; VP (mm3): G1 0.26, G2 0.34, RX 0.32, VLE 0.46, NX3 0.54. CONCLUSIONS Fit of PICN material crowns was not significantly influenced by increasing the spacer settings and cementation with different resin materials. Additionally, RelyX Unicem showed significantly less porosities as compared with Nexus3. CLINICAL RELEVANCE Both 50 μm and 80 μm virtual spacer settings can be suggested for the manufacture of PICN crowns when Ceramill Mind (version 3.4.10.1163) is used. Furthermore, a self-adhesive system can be recommended for the cementation.
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Habib SR, Ali M, Al Hossan A, Majeed-Saidan A, Al Qahtani M. Effect of cementation, cement type and vent holes on fit of zirconia copings. Saudi Dent J 2019; 31:45-51. [PMID: 30705568 PMCID: PMC6349892 DOI: 10.1016/j.sdentj.2018.09.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2018] [Revised: 08/29/2018] [Accepted: 09/11/2018] [Indexed: 10/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Objectives To investigate the effect of cementation, cement type and vent-holes on the marginal and internal fit of Zirconia (Zr) Copings. Materials and methods Extracted premolars (N = 100) were mounted in resin and prepared for Zr crowns. Samples were randomly divided into 5 groups (n = 20); A: No Cementation; B: Cementation with Glass-Ionomer (GI); C: GI + Vent-Holes; D: Cementation with Resin Cement (RC); E: RC + Vent-Holes. The copings were fabricated using semi sintered Zr Blocks with a standardized cement space of 20 µm. Groups C & E were designed to have 0.5 mm of Vent-Holes on the Buccal and Lingual Cusp Tips. The copings were tried, cemented, thermocycled, re-embedded in resin and cross sectioned into two halves. The copings were examined with 3D-Digital Microscope (HIROX, KH-7700, Tokyo, Japan) at 50-200X. The gaps were recorded at 9 predetermined points. Results The non-cemented groups showed statistically better fit compared to the cemented groups P < 0.05 except vs Group E (RC plus vent holes). No significance was found between the cemented groups P > 0.05. Copings with vent-holes showed statistically better fit than copings without holes P < 0.05. Conclusion Marginal and Internal gap values designed in the software programs differed than the actual values measured for the non-cemented copings. Cementation process also influenced the fit of the Zr copings, the resin cement being the more accurate. The addition of vent-holes on the occlusal surface improved the fit.
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Affiliation(s)
- Syed Rashid Habib
- Department of Prosthetic Dental Sciences, College of Dentistry, King Saud University, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohsin Ali
- Department of Comprehensive Dental Sciences, Case Western University, OH, USA
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Kaleli N, Ural Ç, Özköylü G, Duran İ. Effect of layer thickness on the marginal and internal adaptation of laser-sintered metal frameworks. J Prosthet Dent 2019; 121:922-928. [PMID: 30661880 DOI: 10.1016/j.prosdent.2018.08.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2018] [Revised: 08/27/2018] [Accepted: 08/28/2018] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
STATEMENT OF PROBLEM Laser sintering is commonly used for fabricating metal-ceramic restorations. The layer thickness of the sintering process may affect restoration adaptation. However, limited information is available regarding its impact. PURPOSE The purpose of this in vitro study was to compare the marginal and internal adaptation of laser-sintered cobalt-chromium single crown frameworks sintered with layer thicknesses of 25 and 50 μm. MATERIAL AND METHODS Thirty resin dies that represented prepared single molar abutment teeth were prepared by using a 3-dimensional printer and were divided into 3 groups (n=10) according to the method used for fabricating metal frameworks: group C, metal frameworks fabricated by using the lost-wax method (control); group L25, metal frameworks fabricated by using direct metal laser melting with a layer thickness of 25 μm; and group L50, metal frameworks fabricated by using direct metal laser melting with a layer thickness of 50 μm. After fabricating the metal frameworks, 15 vertical marginal discrepancy measurements were made in each axial region (mesial, distal, buccal, and lingual) using a stereomicroscope. Next, all the specimens were sectioned from the midline, and 5 internal discrepancy measurements were made in each internal region (inner marginal, axial, and occlusal). The data were analyzed statistically by using 1-way ANOVA, the Tukey honestly significant difference, and Tamhane T2 tests (α=.05). RESULTS The highest marginal and internal discrepancy values were obtained for metal frameworks in group C, and these values were significantly different (P<.001) from those obtained for metal frameworks in the other 2 groups. No significant difference was observed in the marginal and internal discrepancy values of metal frameworks in groups L25 and L50. CONCLUSIONS These results indicate that layer thickness does not affect the adaptation of laser-sintered metal frameworks, yet both sintering parameters yielded significantly lower mean marginal discrepancy values than the cast group.
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Affiliation(s)
- Necati Kaleli
- Assistant Professor, Department of Prosthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Istanbul Medeniyet University, Istanbul, Turkey.
| | - Çağrı Ural
- Professor, Department of Prosthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Ondokuz Mayis University, Samsun, Turkey
| | - Gözde Özköylü
- Researcher, Department of Prosthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Ondokuz Mayis University, Samsun, Turkey
| | - İbrahim Duran
- Associate Professor, Department of Prosthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Ondokuz Mayis University, Samsun, Turkey
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Ozer F, Pak-Tunc E, Esen Dagli N, Ramachandran D, Sen D, Blatz MB. Shear bond strength of luting cements to fixed superstructure metal surfaces under various seating forces. J Adv Prosthodont 2018; 10:340-346. [PMID: 30370024 PMCID: PMC6202435 DOI: 10.4047/jap.2018.10.5.340] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2017] [Revised: 05/21/2018] [Accepted: 08/22/2018] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE In this study, the shear bond strengths (SBS) of luting cements to fixed superstructure metal surfaces under various seating forces were investigated. MATERIALS AND METHODS Seven different cements [Polycarboxylate (PCC), Glass-Ionomer (GIC), Zinc phospahate (ZPC), Self-adhesive resin (RXU), Resin (C&B), and Temporary cements ((RXT) and (TCS))] were bonded to a total number of 224 square blocks (5×5×3 mm) made of one pure metal [Titanium (CP Ti) and two metal alloys [Gold-Platinum (Au-Pt) and Cobalt-Chrome (Co-Cr)] under 10 N and 50 N seating forces. SBS values were determined and data were analyzed with 3-way ANOVA. Pairwise comparisons and interactions among groups were analyzed with Tukey's simultaneous confidence intervals. RESULTS Overall mean scores indicated that Co-Cr showed the highest SBS values (1.96±0.4) (P<.00), while Au-Pt showed the lowest among all metals tested (1.57±0.4) (P<.00). Except for PCC/CP Ti, RXU/CP Ti, and GIC/Au-Pt factor level combinations (P<.00), the cements tested under 10 N seating force showed no significantly higher SBS values when compared to the values of those tested under 50 N seating force (P>.05). The PCC cement showed the highest mean SBS score (3.59±0.07) among all cements tested (P<.00), while the resin-based temporary luting cement RXT showed the lowest (0.39±0.07) (P<.00). CONCLUSION Polycarboxylate cement provides reliable bonding performance to metal surfaces. Resin-based temporary luting cements can be used when retrievability is needed. GIC is not suitable for permanent cementation of fixed dental prostheses consisting of CP Ti or Au-Pt substructures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fusun Ozer
- School of Dental Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Elif Pak-Tunc
- Department of Prosthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Nesrin Esen Dagli
- School of Dental Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | | | - Deniz Sen
- Department of Prosthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey
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Hardy CMF, Bebelman S, Leloup G, Hadis MA, Palin WM, Leprince JG. Investigating the limits of resin-based luting composite photopolymerization through various thicknesses of indirect restorative materials. Dent Mater 2018; 34:1278-1288. [PMID: 29857990 DOI: 10.1016/j.dental.2018.05.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2017] [Revised: 04/16/2018] [Accepted: 05/09/2018] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To determine the limitations of using light-curable resin-based luting composites (RBLCs) to bond indirect ceramic/resin-composite restorations by measuring light transmittance through indirect restorative materials and the resulting degree of conversion (DC) of the luting-composites placed underneath. METHODS Various thicknesses (0-4mm) and shades of LAVA Zirconia and LAVA Ultimate were prepared and used as light curing filters. A commercial, light curable RBLC, RelyX Veneer (control) was compared with four experimental RBLCs of the following composition: TEGDMA/BisGMA (50/50 or 30/70wt%, respectively); camphorquinone/amine (0.2/0.8wt%) or Lucirin-TPO (0.42wt%); microfillers (55wt%) and nanofillers (10wt%). RBLCs covered with the LAVA filter were light-cured for 40s, either with the dual-peak BluephaseG2 or an experimental device emitting either in the blue or violet visible band. The samples were analyzed by Raman spectroscopy to determine DC. Light transmittance through the filters was measured using a common spectroscopy technique. RESULTS All the factors studied significantly influenced DC (p<0.05). RBLCs with increased TEGDMA content exhibited higher DC. Only small differences were observed comparing DC without filters and filters ≤1mm (p>0.05). For thicknesses ≥2mm, significant reductions in DC were observed (p<0.05). Transmittance values revealed higher filter absorption at 400nm than 470nm. A minimal threshold of irradiance measured through the filters that maintained optimal DC following 40s irradiation was identified for each RBLC formulation, and ranged between 250-500mW/cm2. SIGNIFICANCE This work confirmed that optimal photopolymerization of RBLCs through indirect restorative materials (≤4mm) and irradiation time of 40s is possible, but only in some specific conditions. The determination of such conditions is likely to be key to clinical success, and all the factors need to be optimized accordingly.
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Affiliation(s)
- C M F Hardy
- School of Dental Medicine and Stomatology, at Cliniques Universitaires Saint-Luc, Universite catholique de Louvain, Belgium; Advanced Drug Delivery and Biomaterials (ADDB), Louvain Drug Research Institute (LDRI), Université catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium; Bio- and Soft- Matter (BSMA), Institute of Condensed Matter and Nanoscience (IMCN), Université catholique de Louvain, Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium.
| | - S Bebelman
- Bio- and Soft- Matter (BSMA), Institute of Condensed Matter and Nanoscience (IMCN), Université catholique de Louvain, Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium
| | - G Leloup
- School of Dental Medicine and Stomatology, at Cliniques Universitaires Saint-Luc, Universite catholique de Louvain, Belgium; Advanced Drug Delivery and Biomaterials (ADDB), Louvain Drug Research Institute (LDRI), Université catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium; Bio- and Soft- Matter (BSMA), Institute of Condensed Matter and Nanoscience (IMCN), Université catholique de Louvain, Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium; CRIBIO (Center for Research and Engineering on Biomaterials), Brussels, Belgium
| | - M A Hadis
- Biomaterials Unit, University of Birmingham, College of Medical and Dental Sciences, Institute of Clinical Sciences, School of Dentistry, 5 Mill Pool Way, Birmingham B5 7EG, UK
| | - W M Palin
- Biomaterials Unit, University of Birmingham, College of Medical and Dental Sciences, Institute of Clinical Sciences, School of Dentistry, 5 Mill Pool Way, Birmingham B5 7EG, UK
| | - J G Leprince
- School of Dental Medicine and Stomatology, at Cliniques Universitaires Saint-Luc, Universite catholique de Louvain, Belgium; Advanced Drug Delivery and Biomaterials (ADDB), Louvain Drug Research Institute (LDRI), Université catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium; Bio- and Soft- Matter (BSMA), Institute of Condensed Matter and Nanoscience (IMCN), Université catholique de Louvain, Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium; CRIBIO (Center for Research and Engineering on Biomaterials), Brussels, Belgium
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Effect of different restorative crown and customized abutment materials on stress distribution in single implants and peripheral bone: A three-dimensional finite element analysis study. J Prosthet Dent 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.prosdent.2017.03.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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Lee B, Oh KC, Haam D, Lee JH, Moon HS. Evaluation of the fit of zirconia copings fabricated by direct and indirect digital scanning procedures. J Prosthet Dent 2018; 120:225-231. [PMID: 29428522 DOI: 10.1016/j.prosdent.2017.08.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2017] [Revised: 08/03/2017] [Accepted: 08/03/2017] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
STATEMENT OF PROBLEM Intraoral scanners are effective for direct digital scans when dental restorations are fabricated using computer-aided design and computer-aided manufacturing (CAD-CAM); however, if the abutment tooth cannot be dried completely or the prepared margin is placed subgingivally, accurate digital images cannot always be guaranteed. PURPOSE The purpose of this in vitro study was to compare the internal and marginal discrepancies of zirconia copings fabricated directly using an intraoral scanner with those fabricated indirectly with impression scanning. MATERIAL AND METHODS Forty-five resin dies fabricated with a 3-dimensional (3D) printer were divided into 3 groups: direct scanning (DS), impression scanning (IMP), and lost-wax casting (LW). For the DS group, a resin die was scanned with an intraoral scanner (Trios; 3Shape), whereas for the IMP group, impressions made with polyether were scanned with a cast scanner (D700; 3Shape). The zirconia copings were fabricated in the same way in the DS and IMP groups. For the LW group, impressions were made in the same way as in the IMP group, and Ni-Cr alloy copings were fabricated using LW. The marginal and internal discrepancies of the copings were measured by cementing them onto resin dies, embedding them in acrylic resin, and sectioning them in a buccolingual direction. The cement layer was measured, and the Kruskal-Wallis test was used to detect significant differences (α=.05). A nonparametric Friedman test was also performed to compare the measurements of each group by location (α=.05). RESULTS The mean marginal discrepancies in the DS, IMP, and LW groups were 18.1 ±9.8, 23.2 ±17.2, and 32.3 ±18.6 μm (mean ±standard deviation), respectively. The mean internal discrepancies of the DS, IMP, and LW groups in the axial area were 38.0 ±9.1, 47.0 ±16.3, and 36.5 ±15.8 μm, and those in the occlusal area were 36.7 ±16.9, 33.4 ±21.6, and 44.5 ±31.9 μm, respectively. No statistically significant differences were found in marginal or internal discrepancies among groups (P>.05). CONCLUSIONS Within the limitations of this study, the zirconia copings fabricated with CAD-CAM using different digitization methods and Ni-Cr copings fabricated using the lost-wax technique and casting produced clinically acceptable marginal and internal discrepancies. No significant differences were found among the DS, IMP, and LW groups.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bora Lee
- Postgraduate student, Department of Prosthodontics, Yonsei University College of Dentistry, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyung Chul Oh
- Fellow, Department of Prosthodontics, Yonsei University College of Dentistry, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Daewon Haam
- Assistant Professor, Division of Prosthodontics, Columbia University College of Dental Medicine, New York, N.Y
| | - Joon-Hee Lee
- Postgraduate student, Department of Integrative Engineering, Chungang University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Hong-Seok Moon
- Professor, Department of Prosthodontics, Yonsei University College of Dentistry, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
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de Almeida JGDSP, Guedes CG, Abi-Rached FDO, Trindade FZ, Fonseca RG. Marginal Fit of Metal-Ceramic Copings: Effect of Luting Cements and Tooth Preparation Design. J Prosthodont 2017; 28:e265-e270. [DOI: 10.1111/jopr.12685] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/19/2017] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Filipe de Oliveira Abi-Rached
- Department of Dental Materials and Prosthodontics, Universidade Estadual Paulista Julio de Mesquita Filho; Campus de Araraquara; Araraquara Brazil
| | - Flávia Zardo Trindade
- Department of Dental Materials and Prosthodontics, Universidade Estadual Paulista Julio de Mesquita Filho; Campus de Araraquara; Araraquara Brazil
| | - Renata Garcia Fonseca
- Department of Dental Materials and Prosthodontics, Universidade Estadual Paulista Julio de Mesquita Filho; Campus de Araraquara; Araraquara Brazil
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Influence of porcelain firing and cementation on the marginal adaptation of metal-ceramic restorations prepared by different methods. J Prosthet Dent 2017; 117:656-661. [DOI: 10.1016/j.prosdent.2016.08.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2016] [Revised: 08/22/2016] [Accepted: 08/23/2016] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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Correlation between Microleakage and Absolute Marginal Discrepancy in Zirconia Crowns Cemented with Four Resin Luting Cements: An In Vitro Study. Int J Dent 2016; 2016:8084505. [PMID: 27721830 PMCID: PMC5046027 DOI: 10.1155/2016/8084505] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2016] [Accepted: 08/01/2016] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Objectives. To evaluate microleakage and absolute marginal discrepancy (AMD) and to assess correlation between AMD and microleakage with four resin luting cements. Material and Methods. 20 extracted human third molars were prepared for full-coverage crowns. 20 zirconia copings were made (LAVA, 3M ESPE) and cemented. Specimens were randomly allocated for each used type of cement into 4 groups, RelyX® (Rx), Multilink® (Mk), PANAVIA 2.1® (P), and Maxcem® (Mx) and immersed in 10% safranin for 72 hours. 20x magnification lenses were used to observe microleakage areas (μm2) and images software was used to measure AMD areas (μm). Discrepancy and microleakage between the cements were compared with one-way ANOVA test with confidence interval of 95%. Results. Rx Group showed microleakage has lowest value and AMD has highest value. P Group showed microleakage has the highest value and Mk Group presented AMD has lowest value. There were no significative differences between the cements. There were no linear correlations between microleakage and AMD; however a complex regression statistical model obtained allowed formulating an association between both variables (microleakage = AMD0,896). Conclusions. No significative differences were found among 4 types of cements. No linear correlations between AMD and microleakage were found. Clinical Significance. AMD is not easily related to microleakage. Characteristics of cements are fundamental to decreasing of microleakage values.
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Selected physical properties of new resin-modified glass ionomer luting cements. J Prosthet Dent 2016; 117:277-282. [PMID: 27666498 DOI: 10.1016/j.prosdent.2016.07.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2015] [Revised: 07/05/2016] [Accepted: 07/05/2016] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
STATEMENT OF PROBLEM Two resin-modified glass ionomer (RMGI)-based luting agents have been recently marketed without independent reports of their physical properties. PURPOSE The purpose of this in vitro study was to evaluate selected physical properties of 2 newly marketed RMGI luting agents and compare the findings with traditional materials. MATERIAL AND METHODS Specimens (N=12) of Nexus RMGI, UltraCem, GC Fuji Cem 2, and RelyX Luting Plus were fabricated using standardized molds for flexural strength and fracture toughness according to manufacturer recommendations and stored in physiologic phosphate-buffered saline solution at 37°C until testing. Specimens were tested at 1 and 24 hours, 1 week, and 1 month. Mean values for flexural strength, flexural modulus, flexural toughness, and fracture toughness were determined. Additionally, film thickness (N=12) for each material was determined following Amerian National Standards Association/American Dental Association (ANSI/ADA) specifications. Mean results were analyzed with Kruskal-Wallis and Mann-Whitney U tests (α=.05). RESULTS All luting agents exhibited a similar film thickness that met ANSI/ADA requirements for aqueous-based luting agents. Nexus RMGI surprisingly demonstrated significantly greater flexural strength and fracture toughness at 1 hour, which decreased significantly at 24 hours, making it similar to the other materials evaluated. All materials had similar flexural strength values at 7 days. CONCLUSIONS Physical property performance was material dependent. Nexus RMGI demonstrated greater early physical properties that were significantly less at 24 hours. UltraCem, GC Fuji Cem 2, and RelyX Luting Plus demonstrated the increasing physical property development that is normally associated with polyalkenoate-based systems.
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Influence of the Cement Film Thickness on the Push-Out Bond Strength of Glass Fiber Posts Cemented in Human Root Canals. Int J Dent 2016; 2016:9319534. [PMID: 27143971 PMCID: PMC4842056 DOI: 10.1155/2016/9319534] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2015] [Revised: 03/01/2016] [Accepted: 03/24/2016] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The present study evaluated the influence of the cement film thickness on the push-out bond strength of glass fiber posts in the cervical, medium, and apical thirds of root canal spaces. Thirty roots were randomly divided into three groups, according to the fiber post system's drills: (G1) #2; (G2) #3; (G3) #4. The posts were cemented using a self-adhesive cement, and a small amount of powdered Rhodamine B was used as a stain. Images of both sides of each slice were obtained before and after the push-out test. To determine the cement thickness, a macro routine was developed using the software KS 400. The data were analyzed statistically using Kruskal-Wallis and Dunn's test. G2 (14.62 ± 5.15 MPa) showed statistically higher bond strength values than G1 (10.04 ± 5.13 MPa) and G3 (7.68 ± 6.14 MPa). All groups presented higher bond strength values in the apical third. The bur diameter significantly influenced the results of the shear bond strength for the push-out test. The slight increase in the cement thickness allowed an increase in the values of shear bond strength when compared to very thin or very thick cement films.
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Khalil AA, Abdelaziz KM. Bonding values of two contemporary ceramic inlay materials to dentin following simulated aging. J Adv Prosthodont 2015; 7:446-53. [PMID: 26816574 PMCID: PMC4722148 DOI: 10.4047/jap.2015.7.6.446] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2015] [Revised: 09/27/2015] [Accepted: 10/29/2015] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE To compare the push-out bond strength of feldspar and zirconia-based ceramic inlays bonded to dentin with different resin cements following simulated aging. MATERIALS AND METHODS Occlusal cavities in 80 extracted molars were restored in 2 groups (n=40) with CAD/CAM feldspar (Vitablocs Trilux forte) (FP) and zirconia-based (Ceramill Zi) (ZR) ceramic inlays. The fabricated inlays were luted in 2 subgroups (n=20) with either etch-and-bond (RelyX Ultimate Clicker) (EB) or self-adhesive (RelyX Unicem Aplicap) (SA) resin cement. Ten inlays in each subgroup were subjected to 3,500 thermal cycles and 24,000 loading cycles, while the other 10 served as control. Horizontal 3 mm thick specimens were cut out of the restored teeth for push out bond strength testing. Bond strength data were statistically analyzed using 1-way ANOVA and Tukey's comparisons at α=.05. The mode of ceramic-cement-dentin bond failure for each specimen was also assessed. RESULTS No statistically significant differences were noticed between FP and ZR bond strength to dentin in all subgroups (ANOVA, P=.05113). No differences were noticed between EB and SA (Tukey's, P>.05) bonded to either type of ceramics. Both adhesive and mixed modes of bond failure were dominant for non-aged inlays. Simulated aging had no significant effect on bond strength values (Tukey's, P>.05) of all ceramic-cement combinations although the adhesive mode of bond failure became more common (60-80%) in aged inlays. CONCLUSION The suggested cement-ceramic combinations offer comparable bonding performance to dentin substrate either before or after simulated aging that seems to have no adverse effect on the achieved bond.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ashraf Abdelfattah Khalil
- Department of Restorative Dental Sciences, College of Dentistry, King Khalid University, Abha, Saudi Arabia.; Department of Crown and Bridge, Faculty of Dentistry, Tanta University, Tanta, Egypt
| | - Khalid Mohamed Abdelaziz
- Department of Restorative Dental Sciences, College of Dentistry, King Khalid University, Abha, Saudi Arabia
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Film thickness of crown disclosing material and its relevance to cementation. J Prosthet Dent 2014; 112:1246-9. [DOI: 10.1016/j.prosdent.2014.06.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2013] [Revised: 06/05/2014] [Accepted: 06/06/2014] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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Gregor L, Bouillaguet S, Onisor I, Ardu S, Krejci I, Rocca GT. Microhardness of light- and dual-polymerizable luting resins polymerized through 7.5-mm-thick endocrowns. J Prosthet Dent 2014; 112:942-8. [DOI: 10.1016/j.prosdent.2014.02.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2013] [Revised: 02/11/2014] [Accepted: 02/12/2014] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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Akın A, Toksavul S, Toman M. Clinical Marginal and Internal Adaptation of Maxillary Anterior Single All-Ceramic Crowns and 2-year Randomized Controlled Clinical Trial. J Prosthodont 2014; 24:345-50. [DOI: 10.1111/jopr.12217] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/22/2014] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Aslı Akın
- Department of Prosthetic Dentistry; Faculty of Dentistry; Ege University; İzmir Turkey
| | - Suna Toksavul
- Department of Prosthetic Dentistry; Faculty of Dentistry; Ege University; İzmir Turkey
| | - Muhittin Toman
- Department of Prosthetic Dentistry; Faculty of Dentistry; Ege University; İzmir Turkey
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de Araújo DFG, Chaves LP, Bim Júnior O, Pimentel Garcia FC, Ishikiriama SK, Honório HM, Wang L. Influence of 2% chlorhexidine digluconate on bond strength of a glass-fibre post luted with resin or glass-ionomer based cement. J Dent 2014; 42:735-41. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jdent.2014.02.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2013] [Revised: 02/19/2014] [Accepted: 02/21/2014] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
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Makkar S, Malhotra N. Self-adhesive resin cements: a new perspective in luting technology. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2014; 40:758-60, 763-4, 767-8. [PMID: 24386768 DOI: 10.12968/denu.2013.40.9.758] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
UNLABELLED Many materials are available for the fabrication of indirect restorations such as, metal alloys, resin-based composites and ceramics. Resin cements have long been valued as luting agents for indirect restorations because of their high retentive strength, resistance to wear, and low solubility. However, one of the common discouraging factors regarding their chairside use is the need of multiple-steps (etching, drying, priming and luting) for bonding. Thus the current impetus is towards the use of self-adhesive cements that require no etching, priming or bonding agents to bond to the tooth surface. Their increased popularity can be judged by the commercial availability of more than a dozen self-adhesive resin products/brands, in a short span of time. This article reviews the composition, physical and biological properties, adhesion characteristics and clinical performance of self-adhesive (resin) cements. CLINICAL RELEVANCE Self-adhesive resin cements are dual-cured and adhere to tooth structure without the requirement of a separate etching step and application of an adhesive/bonding agent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sumit Makkar
- Department of Prosthodontics, Subharti Dental College, Meerut, India
| | - Neeraj Malhotra
- Department of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics, ITS Dental College and Hospital, Greater Noida, Uttar Pradesh, India
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Rigoni P, Amaral FLBD, França FMG, Basting RT. Color agreement between nanofluorapatite ceramic discs associated with try-in pastes and with resin cements. Braz Oral Res 2012. [DOI: 10.1590/s1806-83242012000600006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Paulo Rigoni
- São Leopoldo Mandic Dental Research Institut, Brazil
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Yousif Marghalani T, Tharwat Hamed M, Abdelmageed Awad M, Hussein Naguib G, Fouad Elragi A. Three-Dimensional Finite Element Analysis of Custom-Made Ceramic Dowel Made Using CAD/CAM Technology. J Prosthodont 2012; 21:440-50. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1532-849x.2012.00860.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
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Carmello JC, Fais LMG, Ribeiro LNDM, Claro Neto S, Guaglianoni DG, Pinelli LAP. Diametral tensile strength and film thickness of an experimental dental luting agent derived from castor oil. J Appl Oral Sci 2012; 20:16-20. [PMID: 22437672 PMCID: PMC3928766 DOI: 10.1590/s1678-77572012000100004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2009] [Accepted: 09/18/2011] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The need to develop new dental luting agents in order to improve the success of
treatments has greatly motivated research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juliana Cabrini Carmello
- Department of Dental Materials and Prosthodontics, Araraquara Dental School, Univ. Estadual Paulista, Araraquara, SP, Brazil
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Vaz RR, Hipólito VD, D'Alpino PHP, Goes MFD. Bond Strength and Interfacial Micromorphology of Etch-and-Rinse and Self-Adhesive Resin Cements to Dentin. J Prosthodont 2011; 21:101-11. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1532-849x.2011.00794.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
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Colour stability and opacity of resin cements and flowable composites for ceramic veneer luting after accelerated ageing. J Dent 2011; 39:804-10. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jdent.2011.08.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 74] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2011] [Revised: 08/20/2011] [Accepted: 08/25/2011] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
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