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Kauser S, Mughees M, Mangangcha IR, Swami S, Wajid S. Secretome profiling of Artemisia absinthium extract-loaded polymeric nanoparticle-treated MCF-7 and MDA-MB-231 revealed perturbation in microtubule assembly and cell migration. Front Oncol 2023; 13:1209168. [PMID: 37719007 PMCID: PMC10502211 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2023.1209168] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2023] [Accepted: 08/04/2023] [Indexed: 09/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Artemisia absinthium (wormwood) exhibits anticancer properties by inhibiting proliferation and causing cell death in breast cancer. Targeted drug delivery of A. absinthium nanoformulation using N-isopropyl acrylamide, N-vinyl pyrrolidone, and acrylic acid-based polymeric nanoparticles (NVA-AA NPs) was ensured by utilizing features of the tumor microenvironment, although their mechanism of action involved in cytotoxicity remains unknown. Methods The present study employed nano LC-MS/MS to identify differences in secretory protein expression associated with the treatment of breast cancer cell lines (MCF-7; MDA-MB-231) by NVA-AA NPs for the determination of affected pathways and easily accessible therapeutic targets. Different bioinformatics tools were used to identify signature differentially expressed proteins (DEPs) using survival analysis by GENT2 and correlation analysis between their mRNA expressions and sensitivity toward small-molecule drugs as well as immune cell infiltration by GSCA. Results Analysis by GENT2 revealed 22 signature DEPs with the most significant change in their expression regulation, namely, gelsolin, alpha-fetoprotein, complement component C3, C7, histone H2B type 1-K, histone H2A.Z, H2AX, heat shock cognate 71 kDa protein, heat shock 70 kDa protein 1-like, cytochrome c somatic, GTP-binding nuclear protein Ran, tubulin beta chain, tubulin alpha-1B chain, tubulin alpha-1C chain, phosphoglycerate mutase 1, kininogen 1, carboxypeptidase N catalytic chain, fibulin-1, peroxiredoxins 4, lactate dehydrogenase C, SPARC, and SPARC-like protein 1. Correlation analysis between their mRNA expressions versus immune cell infiltrates showed a positive correlation with antitumor immune response elicited by these NPs as well as a correlation with drug response shown by the GDSC and CTRP drugs in different cancer cells. Discussion Our results suggest that NVA-AA NPs were able to invade the tumor microenvironment; transformed the communication network between the cancer cells; affected potential drivers of microtubular integrity, nucleosome assembly, and cell cycle; and eventually caused cell death.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sana Kauser
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Chemical and Life Sciences, Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi, India
| | - Mohd Mughees
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Chemical and Life Sciences, Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi, India
| | | | - Sanskriti Swami
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Chemical and Life Sciences, Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi, India
| | - Saima Wajid
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Chemical and Life Sciences, Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi, India
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Nabeta R, Katselis GS, Chumala P, Dickinson R, Fernandez NJ, Meachem MD. Identification of potential plasma protein biomarkers for feline pancreatic carcinoma by liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry. Vet Comp Oncol 2022; 20:720-731. [PMID: 35514180 DOI: 10.1111/vco.12826] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2022] [Revised: 04/14/2022] [Accepted: 04/26/2022] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
In both humans and cats, pancreatic carcinoma is an aggressive cancer with a grave prognosis. Proteomics techniques have successfully identified several blood-based biomarkers of human pancreatic neoplasia. Thus, this study aims to investigate whether similar biomarkers can be identified in the plasma of cats with FePAC by using liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS). To facilitate evaluation of the low abundance plasma proteome, a human-based immunodepletion device (MARS-2) was first validated for use with feline plasma. Marked reduction and/or complete removal of albumin and immunoglobulins was confirmed by analysis of electrophoretograms and mass spectral data. Subsequently, plasma collected from 9 cats with pancreatic carcinoma (FePAC), 10 cats with symptomatic pancreatitis, and 10 healthy control cats was immunodepleted and subjected to LC-MS/MS. Thirty-seven plasma proteins were found to be differentially expressed (p < .05 in one-way ANOVA, FC >2 in fold change analysis). Among these proteins, ETS variant transcription factor 4 (p < .05) was overexpressed, while gelsolin (p < .01), tryptophan 2,3-dioxygenase (p < .05), serpin family F member 1 (p < .01), apolipoprotein A-IV (p < .01) and phosphatidylinositol-glycan-specific phospholipase D (p < .05) were down-regulated in cats with FePAC. Further studies on these potential biomarkers are needed to investigate their diagnostic value.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rina Nabeta
- Department of Veterinary Pathology, Western College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan, Canada
| | - George S Katselis
- Department of Medicine, Division of the Canadian Centre for Health and Safety in Agriculture, College of Medicine, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan, Canada
| | - Paulos Chumala
- Department of Medicine, Division of the Canadian Centre for Health and Safety in Agriculture, College of Medicine, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan, Canada
| | - Ryan Dickinson
- Department of Veterinary Pathology, Western College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan, Canada
| | - Nicole J Fernandez
- Department of Veterinary Pathology, Western College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan, Canada
| | - Melissa D Meachem
- Department of Veterinary Pathology, Western College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan, Canada
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Uzuner D, Akkoç Y, Peker N, Pir P, Gözüaçık D, Çakır T. Transcriptional landscape of cellular networks reveal interactions driving the dormancy mechanisms in cancer. Sci Rep 2021; 11:15806. [PMID: 34349126 PMCID: PMC8339123 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-94005-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2021] [Accepted: 06/28/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Primary cancer cells exert unique capacity to disseminate and nestle in distant organs. Once seeded in secondary sites, cancer cells may enter a dormant state, becoming resistant to current treatment approaches, and they remain silent until they reactivate and cause overt metastases. To illuminate the complex mechanisms of cancer dormancy, 10 transcriptomic datasets from the literature enabling 21 dormancy–cancer comparisons were mapped on protein–protein interaction networks and gene-regulatory networks to extract subnetworks that are enriched in significantly deregulated genes. The genes appearing in the subnetworks and significantly upregulated in dormancy with respect to proliferative state were scored and filtered across all comparisons, leading to a dormancy–interaction network for the first time in the literature, which includes 139 genes and 1974 interactions. The dormancy interaction network will contribute to the elucidation of cellular mechanisms orchestrating cancer dormancy, paving the way for improvements in the diagnosis and treatment of metastatic cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dilara Uzuner
- Department of Bioengineering, Gebze Technical University, 41400, Kocaeli, Turkey
| | - Yunus Akkoç
- Koç University Research Center for Translational Medicine (KUTTAM), Zeytinburnu, 34010, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Nesibe Peker
- Koç University Research Center for Translational Medicine (KUTTAM), Zeytinburnu, 34010, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Pınar Pir
- Department of Bioengineering, Gebze Technical University, 41400, Kocaeli, Turkey
| | - Devrim Gözüaçık
- Koç University Research Center for Translational Medicine (KUTTAM), Zeytinburnu, 34010, Istanbul, Turkey.,Koç University School of Medicine, Sarıyer , 34450, Istanbul, Turkey.,SUNUM Nanotechnology Research and Application Center, Tuzla, 34956, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Tunahan Çakır
- Department of Bioengineering, Gebze Technical University, 41400, Kocaeli, Turkey.
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Giantin M, Granato A, Baratto C, Marconato L, Vascellari M, Morello EM, Vercelli A, Mutinelli F, Dacasto M. Global gene expression analysis of canine cutaneous mast cell tumor: could molecular profiling be useful for subtype classification and prognostication? PLoS One 2014; 9:e95481. [PMID: 24748173 PMCID: PMC3991658 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0095481] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2013] [Accepted: 03/27/2014] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Prognosis and therapeutic management of dogs with cutaneous mast cell tumors (MCTs) depend on clinical stage and histological grade. However, the prognostic value of this latter is still questionable. In the present study, MCT transcriptome was analyzed to identify a set of candidate genes potentially useful for predicting the biological behavior of MCTs. Fifty-one canine MCT biopsies were analyzed. Isolated and purified total RNAs were individually hybridized to the Agilent Canine V2 4x44k DNA microarray. The comparison of reference differentiated and undifferentiated MCT transcriptome revealed a total of 597 differentially expressed genes (147 down-regulated and 450 up-regulated). The functional analysis of this set of genes provided evidence that they were mainly involved in cell cycle, DNA replication, p53 signaling pathway, nucleotide excision repair and pyrimidine metabolism. Class prediction analysis identified 13 transcripts providing the greatest accuracy of class prediction and divided samples into two categories (differentiated and undifferentiated), harboring a different prognosis. The Principal Component Analysis of all samples, made by using the selected 13 markers, confirmed MCT classification. The first three components accounted for 99.924% of the total variance. This molecular classification significantly correlated with survival time (p = 0.0026). Furthermore, among all marker genes, a significant association was found between mRNA expression and MCT-related mortality for FOXM1, GSN, FEN1 and KPNA2 (p<0.05). Finally, marker genes mRNA expression was evaluated in a cohort of 22 independent samples. Data obtained enabled to identify MCT cases with different prognosis. Overall, the molecular characterization of canine MCT transcriptome allowed the identification of a set of 13 transcripts that clearly separated differentiated from undifferentiated MCTs, thus predicting outcome regardless of the histological grade. These results may have clinical relevance and warrant future validation in a prospective study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mery Giantin
- Dipartimento di Biomedicina Comparata e Alimentazione, Università di Padova, Legnaro (Padova), Italy
- * E-mail:
| | - Anna Granato
- Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale delle Venezie, Legnaro (Padova), Italy
| | - Chiara Baratto
- Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale delle Venezie, Legnaro (Padova), Italy
| | - Laura Marconato
- Centro Oncologico Veterinario, Sasso Marconi, Bologna, Italy
| | - Marta Vascellari
- Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale delle Venezie, Legnaro (Padova), Italy
| | - Emanuela M. Morello
- Dipartimento di Scienze Veterinarie, Università di Torino, Grugliasco (Torino), Italy
| | | | - Franco Mutinelli
- Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale delle Venezie, Legnaro (Padova), Italy
| | - Mauro Dacasto
- Dipartimento di Biomedicina Comparata e Alimentazione, Università di Padova, Legnaro (Padova), Italy
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Shirkoohi R, Fujita H, Darmanin S, Takimoto M. Gelsolin induces promonocytic leukemia differentiation accompanied by upregulation of p21CIP1. Asian Pac J Cancer Prev 2013; 13:4827-34. [PMID: 23167427 DOI: 10.7314/apjcp.2012.13.9.4827] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Tumor suppressor genes have received much attention for their roles in the development of human malignancies. Gelsolin has been found to be down-regulated in several types of human cancers, including leukemias. It is, however, expressed in macrophages, which are the final differentiation derivatives for the monocytic myeloid lineage, implicating this protein in the differentiation process of such cells. In order to investigate the role of gelsolin in leukaemic cell differentiation, stable clones over-expressing ectopic gelsolin, and a control clone were established from U937 leukaemia cells. Unlike the control cells, both gelsolin-overexpressing clones displayed retarded growth, improved monocytic morphology, increased NADPH and NSE activities, and enhanced surface expression of the β-integrin receptor, CD11b, when compared with the parental U937 cells. Interestingly, RT- PCR and western blot analysis also revealed that gelsolin enhanced p21CIP1 mRNA and protein expression in the overexpressing clones. Moreover, transient transfection with siRNA silencing P21CIP1, but not the control siRNA, resulted in a reduction in monocytic differentiation, accompanied by an increase in proliferation. In conclusion, our work demonstrates that gelsolin, by itself, is capable of inducing monocytic differentiation in U937 leukaemia cells, most probably through p21CIP1 activation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Reza Shirkoohi
- Department of Genetics, Cancer Research Center, Cancer Institute of Iran, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Iran.
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Advances in Gene Therapy for Bladder Cancer. Bladder Cancer 2009. [DOI: 10.1007/978-1-59745-417-9_29] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Ni XG, Zhou L, Wang GQ, Liu SM, Bai XF, Liu F, Peppelenbosch MP, Zhao P. The ubiquitin-proteasome pathway mediates gelsolin protein downregulation in pancreatic cancer. Mol Med 2008; 14:582-9. [PMID: 18584046 DOI: 10.2119/2008-00020.ni] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2008] [Accepted: 06/06/2008] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
A well-known observation with respect to cancer biology is that transformed cells display a disturbed cytoskeleton. The underlying mechanisms, however, remain only partly understood. In an effort to identify possible mechanisms, we compared the proteome of pancreatic cancer with matched normal pancreas and observed diminished protein levels of gelsolin--an actin filament severing and capping protein of crucial importance for maintaining cytoskeletal integrity--in pancreatic cancer. Additionally, pancreatic ductal adenocarcinomas displayed substantially decreased levels of gelsolin as judged by Western blot and immunohistochemical analyses of tissue micoarrays, when compared with cancerous and untransformed tissue from the same patients (P < 0.05). Importantly, no marked downregulation of gelsolin mRNA was observed (P > 0.05), suggesting that post-transcriptional mechanisms mediate low gelsolin protein levels. In apparent agreement, high activity ubiquitin-proteasome pathway in both patient samples and the BxPC-3 pancreatic cancer cell line was detected, and inhibition of the 26s proteasome system quickly restored gelsolin protein levels in the latter cell line. The status of ubiquitinated gelsolin is related to lymph node metastasis of pancreatic cancer. In conclusion, gelsolin levels are actively downregulated in pancreatic cancer and enhanced targeting of gelsolin to the ubiquitin-proteasome pathway is an important contributing factor for this effect.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Guang Ni
- Department of Endoscopy, Cancer Institute and Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
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Gay F, Estornes Y, Saurin JC, Joly-Pharaboz MO, Friederich E, Scoazec JY, Abello J. In colon carcinogenesis, the cytoskeletal protein gelsolin is down-regulated during the transition from adenoma to carcinoma. Hum Pathol 2008; 39:1420-30. [PMID: 18656242 DOI: 10.1016/j.humpath.2008.02.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2007] [Revised: 02/07/2008] [Accepted: 02/25/2008] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
The actin-binding protein gelsolin is involved in cell motility via the regulation of actin cytoskeleton, and its expression is modified in several human cancers. However, the potential implication of this protein in colorectal carcinogenesis is debated. By using immunohistochemistry, we studied gelsolin expression in 69 cases of colon adenocarcinomas and in 72 lesions representative of the different stages of colonic tumorigenesis. In addition, we performed Northern blot analysis of gelsolin messenger RNA in 12 paired samples of human colon cancer and normal corresponding mucosa. Gelsolin protein and messenger RNA expressions were severely down-regulated in all adenocarcinomas tested. Moreover, gelsolin protein was down-regulated in a large proportion of high-grade adenomas (14/16) before the acquisition of invasive properties but in only a small proportion of low grade adenomas and serrated adenomas (2/30) and in none of the 9 cases of nonneoplastic hyperplastic polyps tested. Our results therefore demonstrate that gelsolin down-regulation is an early and almost constant event in colon carcinogenesis and is associated with the transition from adenoma to carcinoma.
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Shieh DB, Chen IW, Wei TY, Shao CY, Chang HJ, Chung CH, Wong TY, Jin YT. Tissue expression of gelsolin in oral carcinogenesis progression and its clinicopathological implications. Oral Oncol 2006; 42:599-606. [PMID: 16753328 DOI: 10.1016/j.oraloncology.2005.10.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2005] [Accepted: 10/25/2005] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Gelsolin has important cellular functions, including cell motility, proliferation and apoptosis. Altered gelsolin expression has been reported in several types of human malignancies, but has not been evaluated in oral carcinogenesis. In this study, all normal oral mucosa (n=12) had high gelsolin expression, whereas only 7.7% of oral precancerous lesions (n=26) had positive gelsolin expression. A significant increased positive staining was found in primary (n=51; 37.3%) and metastatic (n=26; 30.8%) oral squamous cell carcinoma lesions. Tumors with high gelsolin expression were associated with greater tumour size (P=0.007), invasive growth (P=0.02), and younger age (P=0.006). High gelsolin expression conferred a poor clinical outcome in patients with metastatic disease (P=0.005). In conclusion, a biphasic profile in gelsolin expression was observed during the progression of oral carcinogenesis. This may be due to a balance of its multiple cellular functions in tumour invasion and cell growth. The underlying mechanisms, however, remain to be elucidated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dar-Bin Shieh
- Institute of Oral Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, College of Medicine, 1 University Road, Tainan 701, Taiwan
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Tanaka H, Shirkoohi R, Nakagawa K, Qiao H, Fujita H, Okada F, Hamada JI, Kuzumaki S, Takimoto M, Kuzumaki N. siRNA gelsolin knockdown induces epithelial-mesenchymal transition with a cadherin switch in human mammary epithelial cells. Int J Cancer 2006; 118:1680-91. [PMID: 16217750 DOI: 10.1002/ijc.21559] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) describes a process occurring during development and oncogenesis by which epithelial cells obtain fibroblast-like properties and show reduced cell adhesion and increased motility. In this report, we demonstrated typical EMT in human mammary epithelial MCF10A small interfering (si)RNA gelsolin-knockdown cells. EMT was characterized by fibroblastic morphology, loss of contact inhibition and focus formation in monolayer growth, enhanced motility and invasiveness in vitro, increased actin filaments, overexpression of RAC, activation of both extracellular signal-regulated kinase and AKT, inactivation of glycogen synthase kinase-3, conversion of cadherin from the E- to N-type and induction of the transcription factor Snail. These results suggested that gelsolin functions as a switch that controls E- and N-cadherin conversion via Snail, and demonstrated that its knockdown leads to EMT in human mammary epithelial cells and possibly to the development of human mammary tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiroki Tanaka
- Division of Cancer Gene Regulation, Research Section of Disease Control, Institute for Genetic Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo 060-0815, Japan
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Lader AS, Lee JJ, Cicchetti G, Kwiatkowski DJ. Mechanisms of gelsolin-dependent and -independent EGF-stimulated cell motility in a human lung epithelial cell line. Exp Cell Res 2005; 307:153-63. [PMID: 15922735 DOI: 10.1016/j.yexcr.2005.03.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2004] [Revised: 02/28/2005] [Accepted: 03/01/2005] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Acquisition of motility is an important step in malignant progression of tumor cells and involves dynamic changes in actin filament architecture orchestrated by many actin binding proteins. A role for the actin-binding protein gelsolin has been demonstrated in fibroblast motility. In this report, we investigated the role of gelsolin in bronchial epithelial cell motility. The non-tumorigenic bronchial epithelial cell line, NL20 migrated towards EGF in a modified Boyden chamber cell motility assay. However, the tumorigenic NL20-TA cell line derived from the NL20 cells and lacking gelsolin, did not migrate towards EGF. Ectopic expression of gelsolin in NL20-TA cells restored the EGF response, while motility of NL20-TA derived cells towards serum, PDGF, and fibronectin was independent of gelsolin expression. PI3-kinase inhibition failed to block EGF-stimulated motility in gelsolin transfected NL20-TA cells. Furthermore, EGF stimulated a motility response in cells lacking gelsolin in the presence of fibronectin or fibrinogen that was blocked with PI3-kinase inhibition. Thus, EGF-stimulated motility in NL20 cells and its derivatives are gelsolin dependent and PI3-kinase independent, while fibronectin and fibrinogen enhances EGF-stimulated motility through a pathway independent of gelsolin and dependent upon PI3-kinase.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alan S Lader
- Hematology Division, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, 75 Francis Street, Boston, MA 02115, USA.
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Qiu TH, Chandramouli GVR, Hunter KW, Alkharouf NW, Green JE, Liu ET. Global expression profiling identifies signatures of tumor virulence in MMTV-PyMT-transgenic mice: correlation to human disease. Cancer Res 2004; 64:5973-81. [PMID: 15342376 DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.can-04-0242] [Citation(s) in RCA: 91] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
FVB/N-Tg (MMTV-PyMT)(634Mul)-transgenic mice develop multifocal mammary tumors with a high incidence of pulmonary metastasis. We have demonstrated previously that mammary tumors derived from transgene-positive F1 progeny in particular inbred strains display altered latency, tumor growth rates, and metastatic rates when compared with the FVB/NJ homozygous parent. To identify genes with expression that might be critical in modifying the biological behavior of MMTV-PyMT tumors, we performed a detailed comparative analysis of expression profiles from mammary tumors arising in the parental FVB/NJ background and F1 progeny from crosses with I/LnJ, LP/J, MOLF/Ei, and NZB/B1NJ mice. Compared with normal mammary glands, gene expression profiles of tumors from all five strains exhibited up-regulation of genes involved in cell growth (e.g., Cks1 and CDC25C) and down-regulation of cell adhesion molecules, with many genes associated previously with human breast cancer such as STAT2, CD24 antigen, gelsolin, and lipocalin2. To identify genes with significant variation in expression between the five different genotypes, significance analysis of microarrays (SAM) and one-way ANOVA were used. Three definable groupings of tumors were identified: (a) tumors derived in the LP/J F1 and MOLF/Ei F1 strains in which tumor growth and dissemination are suppressed and latency prolonged; (b) the most aggressive tumors from the FVB/NJ parental strain and I/LnJ F1 genomic backgrounds; and (c) an intermediate virulence phenotype with tumors from NZB/B1NJ-F1 crosses. These array based assessments correlated well with a composite phenotype ranking using a "virulence" index. The gene expression signature that is associated with a high metastatic rate in the mouse contains the same 17 genes described recently as the signature gene set predictive of metastasis in human tumors (1) with 16 of the 17 genes exhibiting the same directional change in expression associated with human metastases. These results demonstrate that the genetic analysis of mouse models of tumorigenesis may be highly relevant to human cancer and that the metastatic phenotype of a tumor may be affected by the germline genetic configuration of the host.
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MESH Headings
- Animals
- Antigens, Polyomavirus Transforming/genetics
- Cell Transformation, Neoplastic/genetics
- Cell Transformation, Neoplastic/pathology
- Disease Models, Animal
- Gene Expression Profiling
- Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic/genetics
- Humans
- Mammary Neoplasms, Experimental/genetics
- Mammary Neoplasms, Experimental/metabolism
- Mammary Neoplasms, Experimental/pathology
- Mammary Neoplasms, Experimental/virology
- Mammary Tumor Virus, Mouse/genetics
- Mice
- Mice, Transgenic
- Oligonucleotide Array Sequence Analysis
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Affiliation(s)
- Ting Hu Qiu
- Laboratory of Cell Regulation and Carcinogenesis, Cancer Research Center, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Maryland 20892, USA
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