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Ji Q, Wang X, Huang T, Wang X, Zhao Y. Honeybee (Apis mellifera L.) pollination enhances the yield and flavor quality of kiwifruit. ARCHIVES OF INSECT BIOCHEMISTRY AND PHYSIOLOGY 2024; 116:e22139. [PMID: 39106355 DOI: 10.1002/arch.22139] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2024] [Revised: 07/22/2024] [Accepted: 07/30/2024] [Indexed: 08/09/2024]
Abstract
Pollination is essential for achieving high yields and enhancing the quality of kiwifruit cultivation, both of which significantly influence growers' interests and consumers' preferences. However, compared to studies on yield, there are fewer studies exploring the impact of pollination methods on the flavor of kiwifruit Actinidia chinensis Planchon. This study examined the effects of bee (Apis mellifera L.) pollination and artificial pollination on the yield and flavor of kiwifruit in the main producing areas of China. Compared with those pollinated artificially, bee-pollinated kiwifruit exhibited a greater fruit set rate, heavier fruit weight, and greater number of seeds. Notably, the number of seeds was positively correlated with fruit weight in bee-pollinated kiwifruit, whereas no such correlation was detected in artificially pollinated fruit. Bee pollination not only enhanced the yield but also improved the flavor of kiwifruit. Specifically, bee-pollinated kiwifruit contained higher levels of sucrose and lower concentrations of glucose and fructose, while the acid content was less affected by pollination methods. Furthermore, significant differences were observed in the volatile organic compound (VOC) levels in kiwifruit subjected to different pollination treatments, with bee-pollinated fruit exhibiting a superior flavor. Our findings provide new insights into the beneficial role of bee pollination in enhancing kiwifruit yield and quality, underscoring the crucial importance of bees in kiwifruit pollination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Quanzhi Ji
- College of Bee Science and Biomedicine, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China
- State Key Laboratory of Resource Insects, Institute of Apicultural Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Xue Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Resource Insects, Institute of Apicultural Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Ting Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Resource Insects, Institute of Apicultural Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Xinyu Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Resource Insects, Institute of Apicultural Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Yazhou Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Resource Insects, Institute of Apicultural Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
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Yuan J, Li H, Cao S, Liu Z, Li N, Xu D, Mo H, Hu L. Monitoring of Volatile Compounds of Ready-to-Eat Kiwifruit Using GC-IMS. Foods 2023; 12:4394. [PMID: 38137198 PMCID: PMC10743180 DOI: 10.3390/foods12244394] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2023] [Revised: 12/02/2023] [Accepted: 12/04/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Ready-to-eat kiwifruit has gained significant market value in recent years due to its convenience and the increasing consumer demand for healthy ready-to-eat snacks. The volatile compound content (VOC) in ready-to-eat kiwifruit is a crucial factor determining its flavor and aroma. VOC is an important characteristic that positively affects the overall evaluation of ready-to-eat kiwifruit. In this study, we utilized gas chromatography-ion mobility spectrometry (GC-IMS) to investigate changes in the composition of VOCs in ready-to-eat kiwifruit during different storage periods (every 12 h). Our results revealed the presence of 55 VOCs in ready-to-eat kiwifruit, with alcohols, esters, and ketones being the dominant compounds responsible for the aromatic flavor. Among these compounds, methyl caproate, ethyl butyrate, and ethyl propionate provided specific fruit flavors to ready-to-eat kiwifruit, whereas esters played a secondary role. Furthermore, varying trends were observed for different compound types as the storage period increased: alcohols exhibited a decreasing trend, whereas ester products and some sulfur-containing compounds showed an increase. Additionally, fingerprint profiles of volatile compounds were established for each storage period, enabling the identification of characteristic substances. This comprehensive analysis of volatile flavor substances during the ripening of ready-to-eat kiwifruit will greatly contribute to enhancing its sensory quality, consumer appeal, and overall marketability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiajia Yuan
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Shaanxi University of Science and Technology, Xi’an 710021, China; (J.Y.); (S.C.); (Z.L.); (D.X.); (H.M.); (L.H.)
| | - Hongbo Li
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Shaanxi University of Science and Technology, Xi’an 710021, China; (J.Y.); (S.C.); (Z.L.); (D.X.); (H.M.); (L.H.)
| | - Shangqiao Cao
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Shaanxi University of Science and Technology, Xi’an 710021, China; (J.Y.); (S.C.); (Z.L.); (D.X.); (H.M.); (L.H.)
| | - Zhenbin Liu
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Shaanxi University of Science and Technology, Xi’an 710021, China; (J.Y.); (S.C.); (Z.L.); (D.X.); (H.M.); (L.H.)
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha 410004, China;
| | - Na Li
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha 410004, China;
| | - Dan Xu
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Shaanxi University of Science and Technology, Xi’an 710021, China; (J.Y.); (S.C.); (Z.L.); (D.X.); (H.M.); (L.H.)
| | - Haizhen Mo
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Shaanxi University of Science and Technology, Xi’an 710021, China; (J.Y.); (S.C.); (Z.L.); (D.X.); (H.M.); (L.H.)
| | - Liangbin Hu
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Shaanxi University of Science and Technology, Xi’an 710021, China; (J.Y.); (S.C.); (Z.L.); (D.X.); (H.M.); (L.H.)
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Zhang H, Teng K, Zang H. Actinidia arguta (Sieb. et Zucc.) Planch. ex Miq.: A Review of Phytochemistry and Pharmacology. Molecules 2023; 28:7820. [PMID: 38067549 PMCID: PMC10708088 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28237820] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2023] [Revised: 11/25/2023] [Accepted: 11/26/2023] [Indexed: 12/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Actinidia arguta (Siebold & Zucc.) Planch ex Miq. (A. arguta) is a highly valued vine plant belonging to the Actinidia lindl genus. It is extensively utilized for its edible and medicinal properties. The various parts of A. arguta serve diverse purposes. The fruit is rich in vitamins, amino acids, and vitamin C, making it a nutritious and flavorful raw material for producing jam, canned food, and wine. The flowers yield volatile oils suitable for essential oil extraction. The leaves contain phenolic compounds and can be used for tea production. Additionally, the roots, stems, and leaves of A. arguta possess significant medicinal value, as they contain a wide array of active ingredients that exert multiple pharmacological and therapeutic effects. These effects include quenching thirst, relieving heat, stopping bleeding, promoting blood circulation, reducing swelling, dispelling wind, and alleviating dampness. Comprehensive information on A. arguta was collected from scientific databases covering the period from 1970 to 2023. The databases used for this review included Web of Science, PubMed, ProQuest, and CNKI. The objective of this review was to provide a detailed explanation of A. arguta from multiple perspectives, such as phytochemistry and pharmacological effects. By doing so, it aimed to establish a solid foundation and propose new research ideas for further exploration of the plant's potential applications and industrial development. To date, a total of 539 compounds have been isolated and identified from A. arguta. These compounds include terpenoids, flavonoids, phenolics, phenylpropanoids, lignin, organic acids, volatile components, alkanes, coumarins, anthraquinones, alkaloids, polysaccharides, and inorganic elements. Flavonoids, phenolics, alkaloids, and polysaccharides are the key bioactive constituents of A. arguta. Moreover, phenolics and flavonoids in A. arguta exhibit remarkable antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and anti-tumor properties. Additionally, they show promising potential in improving glucose metabolism, combating aging, reducing fatigue, and regulating the immune system. While some fundamental studies on A. arguta have been conducted, further research is necessary to enhance our understanding of its mechanism of action, quality evaluation, and compatibility mechanisms. A more comprehensive investigation is highly warranted to explore the mechanism of action and expand the range of drug resources associated with A. arguta. This will contribute to the current hot topics of anti-aging and anti-tumor drug research and development, thereby promoting its further development and utilization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haifeng Zhang
- School of TCM and Pharmacology Health and Early Childhood Care, Ningbo College of Health Sciences, Ningbo 315100, China;
| | - Kun Teng
- School of TCM and Pharmacology Health and Early Childhood Care, Ningbo College of Health Sciences, Ningbo 315100, China;
| | - Hao Zang
- Green Medicinal Chemistry Laboratory, School of Pharmacy and Medicine, Tonghua Normal University, Tonghua 134002, China
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Wen J, Wang Y, He Y, Shu N, Cao W, Sun Y, Yuan P, Sun B, Yan Y, Qin H, Fan S, Lu W. Flavor Quality Analysis of Ten Actinidia arguta Fruits Based on High-Performance Liquid Chromatography and Headspace Gas Chromatography-Ion Mobility Spectrometry. Molecules 2023; 28:7559. [PMID: 38005281 PMCID: PMC10674867 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28227559] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2023] [Revised: 10/26/2023] [Accepted: 11/10/2023] [Indexed: 11/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Actinidia arguta is a fruit crop with high nutritional and economic value. However, its flavor quality depends on various factors, such as variety, environment, and post-harvest handling. We analyzed the composition of total soluble sugars, titratable acids, organic acids, and flavor substances in the fruits of ten A. arguta varieties. The total soluble sugar content ranged from 4.22 g/L to 12.99 g/L, the titratable acid content ranged from 52.55 g/L to 89.9 g/L, and the sugar-acid ratio ranged from 5.39 to 14.17 at the soft ripe stage. High-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) showed that citric, quinic, and malic acids were the main organic acids in the A. arguta fruits. Headspace gas chromatography-ion mobility spectrometry (HS-GC-IMS) detected 81 volatile compounds in 10 A. arguta varieties, including 24 esters, 17 alcohols, 23 aldehydes, 7 ketones, 5 terpenes, 2 acids, 1 Pyrazine, 1 furan, and 1 benzene. Esters and aldehydes had the highest relative content of total volatile compounds. An orthogonal partial least squares discriminant analysis (OPLS-DA) based on the odor activity value (OAV) revealed that myrcene, benzaldehyde, methyl isobutyrate, α-phellandrene, 3-methyl butanal, valeraldehyde, ethyl butyrate, acetoin, (E)-2-octenal, hexyl propanoate, terpinolene, 1-penten-3-one, and methyl butyrate were the main contributors to the differences in the aroma profiles of the fruits of different A. arguta varieties. Ten A. arguta varieties have different flavors. This study can clarify the differences between varieties and provide a reference for the evaluation of A. arguta fruit flavor, variety improvement and new variety selection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinli Wen
- Institute of Special Animal and Plant Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changchun 130112, China
| | - Yue Wang
- Institute of Special Animal and Plant Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changchun 130112, China
| | - Yanli He
- Institute of Special Animal and Plant Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changchun 130112, China
| | - Nan Shu
- Institute of Special Animal and Plant Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changchun 130112, China
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130018, China
| | - Weiyu Cao
- Institute of Special Animal and Plant Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changchun 130112, China
| | - Yining Sun
- Institute of Special Animal and Plant Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changchun 130112, China
| | - Pengqiang Yuan
- Institute of Special Animal and Plant Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changchun 130112, China
| | - Bowei Sun
- Institute of Special Animal and Plant Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changchun 130112, China
| | - Yiping Yan
- Institute of Special Animal and Plant Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changchun 130112, China
| | - Hongyan Qin
- Institute of Special Animal and Plant Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changchun 130112, China
| | - Shutian Fan
- Institute of Special Animal and Plant Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changchun 130112, China
| | - Wenpeng Lu
- Institute of Special Animal and Plant Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changchun 130112, China
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5
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Tsuji G, Yamamura K, Kawamura K, Kido-Nakahara M, Ito T, Nakahara T. Regulatory Mechanism of the IL-33-IL-37 Axis via Aryl Hydrocarbon Receptor in Atopic Dermatitis and Psoriasis. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:14633. [PMID: 37834081 PMCID: PMC10572928 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241914633] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2023] [Revised: 09/20/2023] [Accepted: 09/26/2023] [Indexed: 10/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Interleukin (IL)-33 and IL-37 have been identified as novel cytokines involved in various inflammatory diseases. However, their specific roles remain largely unknown. Recent studies have shown that IL-33, which triggers inflammation, and IL-37, which suppresses it, cooperatively regulate the balance between inflammation and anti-inflammation. IL-33 and IL-37 are also deeply involved in the pathogenesis of inflammatory skin diseases such as atopic dermatitis (AD) and psoriasis. Furthermore, a signaling pathway by which aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AHR), a receptor for dioxins, regulates the expression of IL-33 and IL-37 has been revealed. Here, we outline recent findings on the mechanisms regulating IL-33 and IL-37 expression in AD and psoriasis. IL-33 expression is partially dependent on mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) activation, and IL-37 has a role in suppressing MAPK in human keratinocytes. Furthermore, IL-33 downregulates skin barrier function proteins including filaggrin and loricrin, thereby downregulating the expression of IL-37, which colocalizes with these proteins. This leads to an imbalance of the IL-33-IL-37 axis, involving increased IL-33 and decreased IL-37, which may be associated with the pathogenesis of AD and psoriasis. Therefore, AHR-mediated regulation of the IL-33-IL-37 axis may lead to new therapeutic strategies for the treatment of AD and psoriasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gaku Tsuji
- Research and Clinical Center for Yusho and Dioxin, Kyushu University Hospital, 3-1-1, Maidashi, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka 812-8582, Japan; (K.Y.); (T.N.)
- Department of Dermatology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, 3-1-1, Maidashi, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka 812-8582, Japan; (K.K.); (M.K.-N.); (T.I.)
| | - Kazuhiko Yamamura
- Research and Clinical Center for Yusho and Dioxin, Kyushu University Hospital, 3-1-1, Maidashi, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka 812-8582, Japan; (K.Y.); (T.N.)
- Department of Dermatology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, 3-1-1, Maidashi, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka 812-8582, Japan; (K.K.); (M.K.-N.); (T.I.)
| | - Koji Kawamura
- Department of Dermatology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, 3-1-1, Maidashi, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka 812-8582, Japan; (K.K.); (M.K.-N.); (T.I.)
| | - Makiko Kido-Nakahara
- Department of Dermatology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, 3-1-1, Maidashi, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka 812-8582, Japan; (K.K.); (M.K.-N.); (T.I.)
| | - Takamichi Ito
- Department of Dermatology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, 3-1-1, Maidashi, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka 812-8582, Japan; (K.K.); (M.K.-N.); (T.I.)
| | - Takeshi Nakahara
- Research and Clinical Center for Yusho and Dioxin, Kyushu University Hospital, 3-1-1, Maidashi, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka 812-8582, Japan; (K.Y.); (T.N.)
- Department of Dermatology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, 3-1-1, Maidashi, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka 812-8582, Japan; (K.K.); (M.K.-N.); (T.I.)
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Wen J, Wang Y, Cao W, He Y, Sun Y, Yuan P, Sun B, Yan Y, Qin H, Fan S, Lu W. Comprehensive Evaluation of Ten Actinidia arguta Wines Based on Color, Organic Acids, Volatile Compounds, and Quantitative Descriptive Analysis. Foods 2023; 12:3345. [PMID: 37761054 PMCID: PMC10529418 DOI: 10.3390/foods12183345] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2023] [Revised: 09/02/2023] [Accepted: 09/04/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Actinidia arguta wine is a low-alcoholic beverage brewed from A. arguta with a unique flavor and sweet taste. In this study, the basic physicochemical indicators, color, organic acid, and volatile aroma components of wines made from the A. arguta varieties 'Kuilv', 'Fenglv', 'Jialv', 'Wanlv', 'Xinlv', 'Pinglv', 'Lvbao', 'Cuiyu', 'Tianxinbao', and 'Longcheng No.2' were determined, and a sensory evaluation was performed. The findings show that 'Tianxinbao' produced the driest extract (49.59 g/L), 'Kuilv' produced the most Vitamin C (913.46 mg/L) and total phenols (816.10 mg/L), 'Jialv' produced the most total flavonoids (477.12 mg/L), and 'Cuiyu' produced the most tannins (4.63 g/L). We analyzed the color of the A. arguta wines based on CIEL*a*b* parameters and found that the 'Kuilv' and 'Longcheng No.2' wines had the largest L* value (31.65), the 'Pinglv' wines had the greatest a* value (2.88), and the 'Kuilv' wines had the largest b* value (5.08) and C*ab value (5.66) of the ten samples. A total of eight organic acids were tested in ten samples via high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC), and we found that there were marked differences in the organic acid contents in different samples (p < 0.05). The main organic acids were citric acid, quinic acid, and malic acid. The aroma description of a wine is one of the keys to its quality. A total of 51 volatile compounds were identified and characterized in ten samples with headspace gas chromatography-ion mobility spectrometry, including 24 esters, 12 alcohols, 9 aldehydes, 3 aldehydes, 2 terpenes, and 1 acid, with the highest total volatile compound content in 'Fenglv'. There were no significant differences in the types of volatile compounds, but there were significant differences in the contents (p < 0.05). An orthogonal partial least squares discriminant analysis (OPLS-DA) based on the odor activity value (OAV) showed that ethyl butanoate, ethyl pentanoate, ethyl crotonate, ethyl isobutyrate, butyl butanoate, 2-methylbutanal, ethyl isovalerate, and ethyl hexanoate were the main odorant markers responsible for flavor differences between all the A. arguta wines. Sensory evaluation is the most subjective and effective way for consumers to judge A. arguta wine quality. A quantitative descriptive analysis (QDA) of the aroma profiles of ten grapes revealed that the 'fruity' and 'floral' descriptors are the main and most essential parts of the overall flavor of A. arguta wines. 'Tianxinbao' had the highest total aroma score. The flavor and quality of A. arguta wines greatly depend on the type and quality of the A. arguta raw material. Therefore, high-quality raw materials can improve the quality of A. arguta wines. The results of the study provide a theoretical basis for improving the quality of A. arguta wines and demonstrate the application prospects of HS-GC-IMS in detecting A. arguta wine flavors.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Wenpeng Lu
- Institute of Special Animal and Plant Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changchun 130112, China (H.Q.); (S.F.)
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Zhou Y, He W, He Y, Chen Q, Gao Y, Geng J, Zhu ZR. Formation of 8-hydroxylinalool in tea plant Camellia sinensis var. Assamica 'Hainan dayezhong'. FOOD CHEMISTRY. MOLECULAR SCIENCES 2023; 6:100173. [PMID: 37284067 PMCID: PMC10240414 DOI: 10.1016/j.fochms.2023.100173] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2023] [Revised: 04/20/2023] [Accepted: 05/27/2023] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Linalool and its derivatives contribute greatly to tea aroma. Here, 8-hydroxylinalool was found to be one of the major linalool-derived aroma compounds in Camellia sinensis var. assamica 'Hainan dayezhong', a tea plant grown in Hainan Province, China. Both (Z)-8-hydroxylinalool and (E)-8-hydroxylinalool were detected, and the E type was the main compound. Its content fluctuated in different months and was the highest in the buds compared with other tissues. CsCYP76B1 and CsCYP76T1, located in the endoplasmic reticulum, were identified to catalyze the formation of 8-hydroxylinalool from linalool in the tea plant. During withering of black tea manufacturing, the content of both (Z)-8-hydroxylinalool and (E)-8-hydroxylinalool significantly increased. Further study suggested that jasmonate induced gene expression of CsCYP76B1 and CsCYP76T1, and the accumulated precursor linalool may also contribute to 8-hydroxylinalool accumulation. Thus, this study not only reveals 8-hydroxylinalool biosynthesis in tea plants but also sheds light on aroma formation in black tea.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Zhou
- Hainan Institute, Zhejiang University, Yazhou District, Sanya 572025, China
| | - Wei He
- Hainan Institute, Zhejiang University, Yazhou District, Sanya 572025, China
- College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Xihu District, Hangzhou 310030, China
| | - Yunchuan He
- Hainan Institute, Zhejiang University, Yazhou District, Sanya 572025, China
- College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Xihu District, Hangzhou 310030, China
| | - Qiulin Chen
- Hainan Institute, Zhejiang University, Yazhou District, Sanya 572025, China
- College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Xihu District, Hangzhou 310030, China
| | - Yang Gao
- Hainan Institute, Zhejiang University, Yazhou District, Sanya 572025, China
- College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Xihu District, Hangzhou 310030, China
| | - Jiamei Geng
- Hainan Institute, Zhejiang University, Yazhou District, Sanya 572025, China
- College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Xihu District, Hangzhou 310030, China
| | - Zeng-Rong Zhu
- Hainan Institute, Zhejiang University, Yazhou District, Sanya 572025, China
- College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Xihu District, Hangzhou 310030, China
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8
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Souleyre EJF, Nieuwenhuizen NJ, Wang MY, Winz RA, Matich AJ, Ileperuma NR, Tang H, Baldwin SJ, Wang T, List BW, Hoeata KA, Popowski EA, Atkinson RG. Alcohol acyl transferase genes at a high-flavor intensity locus contribute to ester biosynthesis in kiwifruit. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY 2022; 190:1100-1116. [PMID: 35916752 PMCID: PMC9516725 DOI: 10.1093/plphys/kiac316] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2022] [Accepted: 06/10/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Volatile esters are key compounds contributing to flavor intensity in commonly consumed fruits including apple (Malus domestica), strawberry (Fragaria spp.), and banana (Musa sapientum). In kiwifruit (Actinidia spp.), ethyl butanoate and other esters have been proposed to contribute fruity, sweet notes to commercial cultivars. Here, we investigated the genetic basis for ester production in Actinidia in an A. chinensis mapping population (AcMPO). A major quantitative trait loci for the production of multiple esters was identified at the high-flavor intensity (HiFI) locus on chromosome 20. This locus co-located with eight tandemly arrayed alcohol acyl transferase genes in the Red5 genome that were expressed in a ripening-specific fashion that corresponded with ester production. Biochemical characterization suggested two genes at the HiFI locus, alcohol acyl transferase 16-b/c (AT16-MPb/c), probably contributed most to the production of ethyl butanoate. A third gene, AT16-MPa, probably contributed more to hexyl butanoate and butyl hexanoate production, two esters that segregated in AcMPO. Sensory analysis of AcMPO indicated that fruit from segregating lines with high ester concentrations were more commonly described as being "fruity" as opposed to "beany". The downregulation of AT16-MPa-c by RNAi reduced ester production in ripe "Hort16A" fruit by >90%. Gas chromatography-olfactometry indicated the loss of the major "fruity" notes contributed by ethyl butanoate. A comparison of unimproved Actinidia germplasm with those of commercial cultivars indicated that the selection of fruit with high concentrations of alkyl esters (but not green note aldehydes) was probably an important selection trait in kiwifruit cultivation. Understanding ester production at the HiFI locus is a critical step toward maintaining and improving flavor intensity in kiwifruit.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Niels J Nieuwenhuizen
- The New Zealand Institute for Plant and Food Research Ltd (PFR), Auckland 1142, New Zealand
| | - Mindy Y Wang
- The New Zealand Institute for Plant and Food Research Ltd (PFR), Auckland 1142, New Zealand
| | - Robert A Winz
- The New Zealand Institute for Plant and Food Research Ltd (PFR), Auckland 1142, New Zealand
| | - Adam J Matich
- Plant and Food Research Ltd (PFR), Palmerston North 4442, New Zealand
| | - Nadeesha R Ileperuma
- The New Zealand Institute for Plant and Food Research Ltd (PFR), Auckland 1142, New Zealand
| | - Haidee Tang
- The New Zealand Institute for Plant and Food Research Ltd (PFR), Auckland 1142, New Zealand
| | | | - Tianchi Wang
- The New Zealand Institute for Plant and Food Research Ltd (PFR), Auckland 1142, New Zealand
| | - Blake W List
- Plant and Food Research Ltd (PFR), Lincoln, 7608, New Zealand
| | | | | | - Ross G Atkinson
- The New Zealand Institute for Plant and Food Research Ltd (PFR), Auckland 1142, New Zealand
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9
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Tsuji G, Hashimoto-Hachiya A, Matsuda-Taniguchi T, Takai-Yumine A, Takemura M, Yan X, Furue M, Nakahara T. Natural Compounds Tapinarof and Galactomyces Ferment Filtrate Downregulate IL-33 Expression via the AHR/IL-37 Axis in Human Keratinocytes. Front Immunol 2022; 13:745997. [PMID: 35663970 PMCID: PMC9161696 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.745997] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2021] [Accepted: 04/22/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Interleukin (IL)-37 suppresses systemic and local inflammation. It is expressed in the epidermis, the external layer of the skin, and is decreased in inflammatory skin diseases including atopic dermatitis (AD) and psoriasis. Therefore, an agent applied topically on the skin that can increase IL-37 could be promising for treating AD and psoriasis; however, the mechanism regulating IL-37 remains largely unknown. Given that IL-37 expression is induced in differentiated keratinocytes, a major component of the epidermis, and that activation of aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AHR), a ligand-activated transcription factor, promotes keratinocyte differentiation, we hypothesized that AHR might be involved in the IL-37 expression in human keratinocytes. We analyzed normal epidermal human keratinocytes (NHEKs) treated with tapinarof and Galactomyces ferment filtrate (GFF), which are potent AHR modulators. We found that tapinarof and GFF upregulated IL-37 in NHEKs, which was canceled by the knockdown of AHR using siRNA transfection, indicating that AHR mediates IL-37 expression in NHEKs. Furthermore, we found that the knockdown of IL-37 resulted in the upregulation of IL-33, an alarmin cytokine with crucial roles in the pathogenesis of AD and psoriasis. These findings suggest that IL-37 negatively regulates IL-33 expression in NHEKs. Finally, we examined whether tapinarof and GFF treatment modulates IL-33 expression in NHEKs. Such treatment inhibited IL-33 expression, which was partially reversed by the knockdown of either AHR or IL-37. Taken together, our findings provide the first evidence that tapinarof and GFF could have potential to prevent IL-33-overexpressing disorders such as AD and psoriasis via the AHR/IL-37 axis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gaku Tsuji
- Research and Clinical Center for Yusho and Dioxin, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan.,Department of Dermatology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Akiko Hashimoto-Hachiya
- Research and Clinical Center for Yusho and Dioxin, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan.,Department of Dermatology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Tomoyo Matsuda-Taniguchi
- Department of Dermatology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Ayako Takai-Yumine
- Department of Dermatology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Masaki Takemura
- Department of Dermatology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Xianghong Yan
- Science Communications, Procter & Gamble (P&G) Innovation Godo Kaisha, Kobe, Japan
| | - Masutaka Furue
- Department of Dermatology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Takeshi Nakahara
- Research and Clinical Center for Yusho and Dioxin, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan.,Department of Dermatology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
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10
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Chemical composition, antimicrobial, and antioxidant cytotoxic activities of essential oil from Actinidia arguta. Arch Microbiol 2022; 204:239. [DOI: 10.1007/s00203-022-02775-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2021] [Revised: 01/07/2022] [Accepted: 01/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
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11
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Novel aldehyde sensitive bio-based colorimetric film for kiwi fruit freshness monitoring. Lebensm Wiss Technol 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.lwt.2022.113177] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
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12
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Chamorro F, Carpena M, Fraga-Corral M, Echave J, Riaz Rajoka MS, Barba FJ, Cao H, Xiao J, Prieto MA, Simal-Gandara J. Valorization of kiwi agricultural waste and industry by-products by recovering bioactive compounds and applications as food additives: A circular economy model. Food Chem 2022; 370:131315. [PMID: 34788958 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2021.131315] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2021] [Revised: 09/29/2021] [Accepted: 10/01/2021] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Currently, agricultural production generates large amounts of organic waste, both from the maintenance of farms and crops (agricultural wastes) and from the industrialization of the product (food industry waste). In the case of Actinidia cultivation, agricultural waste groups together leaves, flowers, stems and roots while food industry by-products are represented by discarded fruits, skin and seeds. All these matrices are now underexploited and so, they can be revalued as a natural source of ingredients to be applied in food, cosmetic or pharmaceutical industries. Kiwifruit composition (phenolic compounds, volatile compounds, vitamins, minerals, dietary fiber, etc.) is an outstanding basis, especially for its high content in vitamin C and phenolic compounds. These compounds possess antioxidant, anti-inflammatory or antimicrobial activities, among other beneficial properties for health, but stand out for their digestive enhancement and prebiotic role. Although the biological properties of kiwi fruit have been analyzed, few studies show the high content of compounds with biological functions present in these by-products. Therefore, agricultural and food industry wastes derived from processing kiwi are regarded as useful matrices for the development of innovative applications in the food (pectins, softeners, milk coagulants, and colorants), cosmetic (ecological pigments) and pharmaceutical industry (fortified, functional, nutraceutical, or prebiotic foods). This strategy will provide economic and environmental benefits, turning this industry into a sustainable and environmentally friendly production system, promoting a circular and sustainable economy.
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Affiliation(s)
- F Chamorro
- Universidade de Vigo, Nutrition and Bromatology Group, Department of Analytical Chemistry and Food Science, Faculty of Science, E-32004 Ourense, Spain
| | - M Carpena
- Universidade de Vigo, Nutrition and Bromatology Group, Department of Analytical Chemistry and Food Science, Faculty of Science, E-32004 Ourense, Spain
| | - M Fraga-Corral
- Universidade de Vigo, Nutrition and Bromatology Group, Department of Analytical Chemistry and Food Science, Faculty of Science, E-32004 Ourense, Spain; Centro de Investigação de Montanha (CIMO), Instituto Politécnico de Bragança, Campus de Santa Apolonia, 5300-253 Bragança, Portugal
| | - J Echave
- Universidade de Vigo, Nutrition and Bromatology Group, Department of Analytical Chemistry and Food Science, Faculty of Science, E-32004 Ourense, Spain
| | - Muhammad Shahid Riaz Rajoka
- Food and Feed Immunology Group, Laboratory of Animal Food Function, Graduate School of Agricultural Science, Tohoku University, Sendai 980-8572, Japan
| | - Francisco J Barba
- Nutrition and Food Science Area, Preventive Medicine and Public Health, Food Science, Toxicology and Fo-rensic Medicine Department, Universitat de València, Faculty of Pharmacy, Avda, Vicent Andrés Estellés, s/n, Burjassot 46100, València, Spain
| | - Hui Cao
- Universidade de Vigo, Nutrition and Bromatology Group, Department of Analytical Chemistry and Food Science, Faculty of Science, E-32004 Ourense, Spain
| | - Jianbo Xiao
- Universidade de Vigo, Nutrition and Bromatology Group, Department of Analytical Chemistry and Food Science, Faculty of Science, E-32004 Ourense, Spain; International Reserch Center for Food Nutrition and Safety, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China
| | - M A Prieto
- Universidade de Vigo, Nutrition and Bromatology Group, Department of Analytical Chemistry and Food Science, Faculty of Science, E-32004 Ourense, Spain; Centro de Investigação de Montanha (CIMO), Instituto Politécnico de Bragança, Campus de Santa Apolonia, 5300-253 Bragança, Portugal
| | - J Simal-Gandara
- Universidade de Vigo, Nutrition and Bromatology Group, Department of Analytical Chemistry and Food Science, Faculty of Science, E-32004 Ourense, Spain.
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13
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Synthesis and Olfactory Properties of Seco-Analogues of Lilac Aldehydes. Molecules 2021; 26:molecules26237086. [PMID: 34885667 PMCID: PMC8658798 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26237086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2021] [Revised: 11/03/2021] [Accepted: 11/18/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Lilac aldehydes are considered as principal olfactory molecules of lilac flowers. We have designed, prepared, and evaluated a set of racemic seco-analogues of such natural products. The synthesis employs commercially available α-chloroketones as substrates that are transformed in four steps to target compounds. Their qualitative olfactory analysis revealed that the opening of the tetrahydrofuran ring leads to a vanishing of original flowery scent with the emergence of spicy aroma accompanied by green notes, and/or fruity aspects of novel seco-analogues. These results suggest the important osmophoric role of THF moiety for the generation of the typical flowery aroma associated with lilac aldehydes.
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14
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Extraordinary composition of Actinidia arguta by-products as skin ingredients: A new challenge for cosmetic and medical skincare industries. Trends Food Sci Technol 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tifs.2021.08.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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15
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Tan C, Wang Z, Feng X, Irfan M, Changjiang L. Identification of bioactive compounds in leaves and fruits of Actinidia arguta accessions from northeastern China and assessment of their antioxidant activity with a radical-scavenging effect. BIOTECHNOL BIOTEC EQ 2021. [DOI: 10.1080/13102818.2021.1908166] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Changhua Tan
- Department of Food Science, College of Food Science and Technology, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, PR China
| | - Zhigang Wang
- Room of Strawberry, Institute of Vegetables, Liaoning Academy of Agricultural Science, Shenyang, PR China
| | - Xiuli Feng
- Laboratory of Cultivation and Breeding of Potted Flower, Institute of Flowers, Liaoning Academy of Agricultural Science, Shenyang, PR China
| | - Muhammad Irfan
- Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Science, University of Sargodha, Sargodha, Pakistan
| | - Liu Changjiang
- Department of Food Science, College of Food Science and Technology, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, PR China
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16
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Comparative Analysis of Volatile Compounds in Flowers of Different Actinidia Species. PLANTS 2020; 9:plants9121675. [PMID: 33266005 PMCID: PMC7760476 DOI: 10.3390/plants9121675] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2020] [Revised: 11/25/2020] [Accepted: 11/26/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Among the actinidia genus (Actinidia spp.) native to China, few species are grown commercially for their edible and healthy fruits. As they are dioecious plants, a lot of interest is paid to effective pollination and to insects as the most efficient pollinators. In this study we have concentrated on the composition of volatile compounds in male flowers of four different actinidia species (A. chinensis var. deliciosa, A. arguta, A. kolomikta and A. polygama) and on the diversity between male and female flower volatiles for the two most winter-hardy species (A. arguta and A. kolomikta) with growing commercial value. Analyses were provided using gas chromatography with mass spectrometry (GC-MS). In total, 120 compounds were found in 15 actinidia genotypes. However, the number of identified compounds varied between species. Different main compounds or groups of volatile compounds characterised flowers of every species. Smaller differences were observed between male and female flowers of the same species. Our results suggest that actinidia flowers could be attractive to pollinating insects.
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17
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Cesoniene L, Daubaras R, Bogacioviene S, Maruska A, Stankevicius M, Valatavicius A, Zych M, Ercisli S, Ilhan G. Investigations of Volatile Organic Compounds in Berries of Different Actinidia kolomikta (Rupr. & Maxim.) Maxim. Accessions. POL J FOOD NUTR SCI 2020. [DOI: 10.31883/pjfns/124029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
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18
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Pinto D, Delerue-Matos C, Rodrigues F. Bioactivity, phytochemical profile and pro-healthy properties of Actinidia arguta: A review. Food Res Int 2020; 136:109449. [PMID: 32846546 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2020.109449] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2020] [Revised: 06/03/2020] [Accepted: 06/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Hardy kiwi (Actinidia arguta) is a climbing, perennial and dioecious vine from Actinidiaceae family, native from Asia and valued as ornamental and traditional medicine. In the last decade, the growing interest as fruit-bearing plant encourage the expanding cultivation of A. arguta mainly to fruits production, particularly in Europe and North America. A. arguta plants have an extensive range ofbioactive compoundsthat can be obtained from different botanical structures, such as fruits, leaves, flowers and stems. These bioactive molecules, with well-recognized health-promoting properties, include phenolic compounds, minerals, carbohydrates or even volatile substances, with a great potential to be used in several formulations of food products. Phytochemical studies on this plant reported hypoglycemic effects as well as antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities, among others. The traditional uses ofA. arguta have been experimentally proved byin vitroandin vivostudies, in which its bioactivities were associated to its phytochemical composition. This review aims to assess and summarize the phytochemical and healthy properties ofthe different botanical parts of A. arguta, describing their bioactive composition and exploring it potential functional properties on foodstuffs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diana Pinto
- REQUIMTE/LAQV, Polytechnic of Porto - School of Engineering, Rua Dr. António Bernardino de Almeida, 4249-015 Porto, Portugal
| | - Cristina Delerue-Matos
- REQUIMTE/LAQV, Polytechnic of Porto - School of Engineering, Rua Dr. António Bernardino de Almeida, 4249-015 Porto, Portugal
| | - Francisca Rodrigues
- REQUIMTE/LAQV, Polytechnic of Porto - School of Engineering, Rua Dr. António Bernardino de Almeida, 4249-015 Porto, Portugal.
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19
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Keesey IW, Jiang N, Weißflog J, Winz R, Svatoš A, Wang CZ, Hansson BS, Knaden M. Plant-Based Natural Product Chemistry for Integrated Pest Management of Drosophila suzukii. J Chem Ecol 2019; 45:626-637. [PMID: 31257561 PMCID: PMC6661260 DOI: 10.1007/s10886-019-01085-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2019] [Revised: 06/11/2019] [Accepted: 06/14/2019] [Indexed: 10/31/2022]
Abstract
Since the first reports of damage by Drosophila suzukii, the spotted-wing Drosophila (SWD), over a decade ago in Europe, widespread efforts have been made to understand both the ecology and the evolution of this insect pest, especially due to its phylogenetic proximity to one of the original model organisms, D. melanogaster. In addition, researchers have sought to find economically viable solutions for the monitoring and management of this agricultural pest, which has now swept across much of Europe, North America and Asia. In a new direction of study, we present an investigation of plant-based chemistry, where we search for natural compounds that are structurally similar to known olfactory cues from parasitoid wasps that in turn are well-described ovipositional avoidance cues for many Drosophila species. Here we test 11 plant species across two plant genera, Nepeta and Actinidia, and while we find iridoid compounds in both, only those odorants from Actinidia are noted to be detected by the insect antenna, and in addition, found to be behaviorally active. Moreover, the Actinidia extracts resulted in oviposition avoidance when they were added to fruit samples in the laboratory. Thus we propose the possible efficacy of these plants or their extracted chemistry as a novel means for establishing a cost-effective integrated pest management strategy towards the control of this pest fly.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ian W Keesey
- Department of Evolutionary Neuroethology, Max Planck Institute for Chemical Ecology, Hans-Knöll-Straße 8, D-07745, Jena, Germany.
| | - Nanji Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Integrated Management of Pest Insects and Rodents, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 1 Beichen West Road, Chaoyang District, Beijing, 100101, China
| | - Jerrit Weißflog
- Mass Spectrometry/Proteomics Research Group, Max Planck Institute for Chemical Ecology, Hans-Knöll-Straße 8, D-07745, Jena, Germany
| | - Robert Winz
- The New Zealand Institute for Plant & Food Research, 120 Mt. Albert Road, Mt. Albert, Auckland 1025, Private Bag 92169, Auckland, 1142, New Zealand
| | - Aleš Svatoš
- Mass Spectrometry/Proteomics Research Group, Max Planck Institute for Chemical Ecology, Hans-Knöll-Straße 8, D-07745, Jena, Germany
| | - Chen-Zhu Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Integrated Management of Pest Insects and Rodents, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 1 Beichen West Road, Chaoyang District, Beijing, 100101, China
| | - Bill S Hansson
- Department of Evolutionary Neuroethology, Max Planck Institute for Chemical Ecology, Hans-Knöll-Straße 8, D-07745, Jena, Germany.
| | - Markus Knaden
- Department of Evolutionary Neuroethology, Max Planck Institute for Chemical Ecology, Hans-Knöll-Straße 8, D-07745, Jena, Germany.
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20
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PG102 Upregulates IL-37 through p38, ERK, and Smad3 Pathways in HaCaT Keratinocytes. Mediators Inflamm 2019; 2019:6085801. [PMID: 30918469 PMCID: PMC6409045 DOI: 10.1155/2019/6085801] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2018] [Accepted: 01/19/2019] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
IL-37 is an immunomodulatory cytokine that suppresses inflammation in various cell types and disease models. However, its role in keratinocytes has not been clearly understood, and there has been no report on the agents that can increase the expression of IL-37 in keratinocytes. In this study, we investigated the effects of silencing IL37 in HaCaT keratinocytes and the molecular mechanisms involved in the upregulation of IL-37 by PG102, a water-soluble extract from Actinidia arguta. It was found that knockdown of IL37 resulted in the augmented expression of antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) in response to cytokine stimulation. PG102 increased the expression of IL-37 at both mRNA and protein levels presumably by enhancing the phosphorylation of Smad3, ERK, and p38. Indeed, when cells were treated with specific inhibitors for these signaling molecules, the expression level of IL-37 was reduced. PG102 also promoted colocalization of phospho-Smad3 and IL-37. Our results suggest that IL-37 inhibits the expression of AMPs and that PG102 upregulates IL-37 through p38, ERK, and Smad3 pathways in HaCaT cells.
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21
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Kim HK, Bae MJ, Lim S, Lee W, Kim S. A Water-Soluble Extract from Actinidia arguta Ameliorates Psoriasis-Like Skin Inflammation in Mice by Inhibition of Neutrophil Infiltration. Nutrients 2018; 10:nu10101399. [PMID: 30279326 PMCID: PMC6213123 DOI: 10.3390/nu10101399] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2018] [Revised: 09/12/2018] [Accepted: 09/28/2018] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Psoriasis is a chronic inflammatory disease with complex etiology involving multiple factors. Current treatment methods are highly limited and there is a strong need for the development of safer and efficacious agents. We have previously shown that a water-soluble extract derived from hardy kiwifruit Actinidia arguta, called PG102, shows potent anti-inflammatory effects. Based on its reported biological activities, the effects of PG102 were examined on imiquimod-induced psoriasis-like skin inflammation. Our results showed that topical application of PG102 ameliorates clinical symptoms of psoriasis, reducing skin thickness and Interleukin (IL)-17A level in draining lymph nodes without causing any adverse effects. Treatment with PG102 on cytokine-stimulated HaCaT cells suppressed hyperproliferation and downregulated the expression of various chemokines and antimicrobial peptides known to induce neutrophil infiltration. These anti-inflammatory activities of PG102 were mediated via inhibition of NF-κB and signal transducer of activation (STAT) signaling. We also found decreased neutrophil chemotaxis both in vitro and in vivo. Taken together, PG102 has potential as a safe and effective reagent for the treatment of psoriasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyun-Keun Kim
- School of Biological Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul 151-742, Korea.
| | - Min Jung Bae
- ViroMed Co. Ltd., Building 203, Seoul National University, Seoul 151-742, Korea.
| | - Seonung Lim
- School of Biological Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul 151-742, Korea.
| | - Wonwoo Lee
- ViroMed Co. Ltd., Building 203, Seoul National University, Seoul 151-742, Korea.
| | - Sunyoung Kim
- School of Biological Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul 151-742, Korea.
- ViroMed Co. Ltd., Building 203, Seoul National University, Seoul 151-742, Korea.
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22
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Huang GZ, Liu JT, Zhou JJ, Wang Q, Dong JZ, Zhang YJ, Li XC, Li J, Gu SH. Expressional and functional comparisons of two general odorant binding proteins in Agrotis ipsilon. INSECT BIOCHEMISTRY AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2018; 98:34-47. [PMID: 29778539 DOI: 10.1016/j.ibmb.2018.05.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2018] [Revised: 04/27/2018] [Accepted: 05/16/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Insect general odorant binding proteins (GOBPs) have been long thought to bind and transport host plant volatiles to the olfactory receptors on the dendrite membrane of the olfactory neurons. Recent studies indicate that they can also bind female sex pheromones. In present study, two GOBP genes, AipsGOBP1 and AipsGOBP2 were cloned from the adult antennae of Agrotis ipsilon. Tissue expression profiles indicated that both of them are antennae-specific and more abundant in the female antennae than in the male antennae. Temporal expression profiles showed that both AipsGOBP1 and AipsGOBP2 began to express in antennae 3 days prior to adult emergence from pupae, and reached their highest expression level 3 and 4 days after adult emergence, respectively. Mating increased their expression in the female antennae but reduced their expression in the male antennae. In situ hybridization and immunolocalization demonstrated that both AipsGOBP1 and AipsGOBP2 are expressed and co-localized in sensilla basiconica and sensilla trichodea of both sexes. AipsGOBP2 exhibited a high binding affinity in vitro with the two major sex pheromone components Z7-12:Ac and Z9-14:Ac and the four plant volatiles cis-3-hexen-1-ol, oleic acid, dibutyl phthalate and β-caryophyllene with Ki values less than 5 μM. AipsGOBP1, on the other hand, showed medium binding affinities with the five A. ipsilon sex pheromones and six plant volatiles. AipsGOBP2 also showed a broader ligand-binding spectrum and a greater ligand-binding affinity than AipsGOBP1 with the tested aldehyde and alcohol sex pheromones of Lepidoptera species. Taken together, our results indicate that AipsGOBP2 may play greater roles than AipsGOBP1 does in binding sex pheromones and host plant volatiles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guang-Zhen Huang
- College of Plant Protection, Agricultural University of Hebei, Baoding, 071001, China; State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests, Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Science, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Jing-Tao Liu
- State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests, Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Science, Beijing, 100193, China; College of Plant Protection, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, China
| | - Jing-Jiang Zhou
- Department of Biological Chemistry and Crop Protection, Rothamsted Research, Harpenden, UK
| | - Qian Wang
- State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests, Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Science, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Jian-Zhen Dong
- College of Plant Protection, Agricultural University of Hebei, Baoding, 071001, China
| | - Yong-Jun Zhang
- State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests, Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Science, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Xian-Chun Li
- State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests, Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Science, Beijing, 100193, China; Department of Entomology and BIO5 Institute, University of Arizona, Tucson, USA
| | - Jing Li
- College of Plant Protection, Agricultural University of Hebei, Baoding, 071001, China.
| | - Shao-Hua Gu
- State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests, Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Science, Beijing, 100193, China.
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23
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Kim AN, Kim HJ, Chun J, Heo HJ, Kerr WL, Choi SG. Degradation kinetics of phenolic content and antioxidant activity of hardy kiwifruit (Actinidia arguta) puree at different storage temperatures. Lebensm Wiss Technol 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.lwt.2017.11.036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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24
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Identification of Floral Volatiles and Pollinator Responses in Kiwifruit Cultivars, Actinidia chinensis var. chinensis. J Chem Ecol 2018; 44:406-415. [PMID: 29488039 DOI: 10.1007/s10886-018-0936-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2017] [Revised: 02/06/2018] [Accepted: 02/14/2018] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
Abstract
Volatiles emitted from unpollinated in situ flowers were collected from two male cultivars, 'M33', 'M91', and one female cultivar 'Zesy002' (Gold3) of kiwifruit (Actinidia chinensis var. chinensis). The samples were found to contain 48 compounds across the three cultivars with terpenes and straight chain alkenes dominating the headspace. Electrophysiological responses of honey bees (Apis mellifera) and bumble bees (Bombus terrestris) to the headspace of the kiwifruit flowers were recorded. Honey bees consistently responded to 11 floral volatiles from Gold3 pistillate flowers while bumble bees consistently responded to only five compounds from the pistillate flowers. Nonanal, 2-phenylethanol, 4-oxoisophorone and (3E,6E)-α-farnesene from pistillate flowers elicited responses from both bee species. Overall, honey bees were more sensitive to the straight chain hydrocarbons of the kiwifruit flowers than the bumble bees, which represented one of the main differences between the responses of the two bee species. The floral volatiles from staminate flowers of the male cultivars 'M33' and 'M91' varied greatly from those of the pistillate flowers of the female cultivar Gold3, with most of the bee active compounds significantly different from those in the Gold3 flower headspace. The total floral emissions of 'M33' flowers were significantly less than those of the Gold3 flowers, while the total floral emissions of the 'M91' flowers were significantly greater than those of the Gold3 flowers.
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Bandeira Reidel RV, Cioni PL, Pistelli L. Volatile emission of different plant parts and fruit development from Italian cherry plums ( Prunus cerasifera and P . cerasifera ‘Pissardii’). BIOCHEM SYST ECOL 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bse.2017.10.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Latocha P. The Nutritional and Health Benefits of Kiwiberry (Actinidia arguta) - a Review. PLANT FOODS FOR HUMAN NUTRITION (DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS) 2017; 72:325-334. [PMID: 28988409 PMCID: PMC5717121 DOI: 10.1007/s11130-017-0637-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 75] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
The kiwiberry (Actinidia arguta) is a new product on the market that is enjoying growing consumer acceptance around the world. This widespread interest has created increased demand for identification of the kiwiberry's nutritional health benefits. Containing over 20 essential nutrients and a range of vitamins, the kiwiberry comes near the top of fruits classed as superfoods. It is one of the richest sources of vitamin C with up to 430 mg/100 g fresh weight (FW) and is considered the richest dietary source of myo-inositol (up to 982 mg/100 g FW). The kiwiberry is also one of the richest sources of lutein (up to 0.93 mg/100 g FW) in commonly consumed fruit. Furthermore, containing up to 1301.1 mg/100 g FW phenolics and significant amounts of the essential minerals of potassium, calcium and zinc, the kiwiberry rates very highly as a 'healthy food'. The type and number of this fruit's medicinally promising nutrients have motivated ongoing investigations into its antioxidant, anti-tumour and anti-inflammatory properties. Early research has pointed to the kiwiberry being a very promising treatment for some cancers and health issues involving the gastrointestinal system, hypercholesterolemia and certain cancers. A pharmaceutical composition of A. arguta, A. kolomikta, and A. polygama extracts has already been registered for the prevention and treatment of some immune (inflammatory) mediated diseases, as well as the treatment of some non-allergic inflammatory diseases. This paper reviews and highlights the limited nutritional and therapeutic information currently available on the kiwiberry, a minor fruit possessing such major properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Piotr Latocha
- Department of Environmental Protection, Faculty of Horticulture, Biotechnology and Landscape Architecture, Warsaw University of Life Sciences - SGGW, Nowoursynowska 159, 02-776, Warsaw, Poland.
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Twidle AM, Suckling DM, Seal AG, Fedrizzi B, Pilkington LI, Barker D. Identification of in situ flower volatiles from kiwifruit (Actinidia chinensis var. deliciosa) cultivars and their male pollenisers in a New Zealand orchard. PHYTOCHEMISTRY 2017; 141:61-69. [PMID: 28558268 DOI: 10.1016/j.phytochem.2017.05.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2017] [Revised: 05/22/2017] [Accepted: 05/23/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
In situ flower volatiles from six kiwifruit cultivars (Actinidia chinensis var. deliciosa); 'Hayward', 'Chieftain', 'M56', 'Zes007' (Green11), 'M36', and 'M43' were collected by dynamic headspace sampling. Forty-five compounds were detected in the headspace of the flowers, with straight chain hydrocarbons and terpenes accounting for >98% of the volatiles emitted quantitatively across the six cultivars. Of these hydrocarbons, (3Z,6Z,9Z)-heptadecatriene is reported for the first time from a floral source while (8Z)-hexadecene and (9Z)-nonadecene are reported for the first time from kiwifruit flowers. All three hydrocarbons were verified by synthesis. Quantitative comparison of the six honey bee perceived compounds from the headspace of the cultivars showed that the males 'M36' and 'M43' closely matched the female cultivar Green11 that they are used to pollinate. Males 'M56' and 'Chieftain' were not as closely matched to the female cultivar 'Hayward' that they are used to pollinate. The male 'M56' in particular differed significantly from the female 'Hayward' in four of the six honey bee perceived compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrew M Twidle
- The New Zealand Institute for Plant & Food Research Limited, Private Bag 4704, Christchurch Mail Centre, Christchurch, 8140, New Zealand; School of Chemical Sciences, University of Auckland, Private Bag 92019, Auckland, New Zealand.
| | - David M Suckling
- The New Zealand Institute for Plant & Food Research Limited, Private Bag 4704, Christchurch Mail Centre, Christchurch, 8140, New Zealand; School of Biological Sciences, University of Auckland, Auckland, 1010, New Zealand
| | - Alan G Seal
- The New Zealand Institute for Plant & Food Research Limited, 412 No. 1 Road, RD2, Te Puke, 3182, New Zealand
| | - Bruno Fedrizzi
- School of Chemical Sciences, University of Auckland, Private Bag 92019, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Lisa I Pilkington
- School of Chemical Sciences, University of Auckland, Private Bag 92019, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - David Barker
- School of Chemical Sciences, University of Auckland, Private Bag 92019, Auckland, New Zealand
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Assessment of antioxidant properties, instrumental and sensory aroma profile of red and white Karkade/Roselle (Hibiscus sabdariffa L.). JOURNAL OF FOOD MEASUREMENT AND CHARACTERIZATION 2017. [DOI: 10.1007/s11694-017-9535-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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Wojdyło A, Nowicka P, Oszmiański J, Golis T. Phytochemical compounds and biological effects of Actinidia fruits. J Funct Foods 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jff.2017.01.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022] Open
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He YQ, Feng B, Guo QS, Du Y. Age influences the olfactory profiles of the migratory oriental armyworm mythimna separate at the molecular level. BMC Genomics 2017; 18:32. [PMID: 28056777 PMCID: PMC5217624 DOI: 10.1186/s12864-016-3427-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2016] [Accepted: 12/15/2016] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Background The oriental armyworm Mythimna separata (Walk) is a serious migratory pest; however, studies on its olfactory response and its underlying molecular mechanism are limited. To gain insights to the olfactory mechanism of migration, olfactory genes were identified using antennal transcriptome analysis. The olfactory response and the expression of olfactory genes for 1-day and 5-day-old moths were respectively investigated by EAG and RT-qPCR analyses. Results Putative 126 olfactory genes were identified in M. separata, which included 43 ORs, 13 GRs, 16 IRs, 37 OBPs, 14 CSPs, and 3 SNMPs. RPKM values of IR75d and 10 ORs were larger than co-receptors IR25a and ORco, and the RPKM value of PR2 was larger than that of other ORs. Expression of GR1 (sweet receptor) was higher than that of other GRs. Several sex pheromones activated evident EAG responses where the responses of 5-day-old male moths to the sex pheromones were significantly greater than those of female and 1-day old male moths. In accordance with the EAG response, 11 pheromone genes, including 6 PRs and 5 PBPs were identified in M. separate, and the expression levels of 7 pheromone genes in 5-day-old moths were significantly higher than those of females and 1-day-old moths. PR2 and PBP2 might be used in identifying Z11-16: Ald, which is the main sex pheromone component of M. separata. EAG responses to 16 plant volatiles and the expression levels of 43 olfactory genes in 1-day-old moths were significantly greater than that observed in the 5-day-old moths. Heptanal, Z6-nonenal, and benzaldehyde might be very important floral volatiles for host searching and recognized by several olfactory genes with high expression. Some plant volatiles might be important to male moths because the EAG response to 16 plant volatiles and the expression of 43 olfactory genes were significantly larger in males than in females. Conclusions The findings of the present study show the effect of adult age on olfactory responses and expression profile of olfactory genes in the migratory pest M. separate. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s12864-016-3427-2) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yue-Qiu He
- Ningbo City College of Vocational Technology, Xuefu Road, Yinzhou High Educational Park, NingBo, 315100, ZheJiang, China
| | - Bo Feng
- Institute of Health and Environmental Ecology, Wenzhou Medical University, University Town, Wenzhou, 325035, China
| | - Qian-Shuang Guo
- Institute of Health and Environmental Ecology, Wenzhou Medical University, University Town, Wenzhou, 325035, China
| | - Yongjun Du
- Institute of Health and Environmental Ecology, Wenzhou Medical University, University Town, Wenzhou, 325035, China.
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Zhang Y, Zhong C, Liu Y, Zhang Q, Sun X, Li D. Agronomic Trait Variations and Ploidy Differentiation of Kiwiberries in Northwest China: Implication for Breeding. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2017; 8:711. [PMID: 28553297 PMCID: PMC5426280 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2017.00711] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2016] [Accepted: 04/18/2017] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
Polyploid plants often have higher biomass and superior crop qualities. Breeders therefore search for crop germplasm with higher ploidy levels; however, whether higher ploidy levels are associated with better performance remains unclear. Actinidia arguta and related species, whose commercialized fruit are referred to as kiwiberries, harbor a series of ploidy races in nature, offering an opportunity to determine the link between ploidy levels and agronomic traits. In the present study, we determined the ploidy levels of A. arguta var. arguta, A. arguta var. giraldii, and A. melanandra in 16 natural populations using flow cytometry, and examined 31 trait variations in fruits, leaves and flowers by field observations, microscopic examination and laboratory analyses. Our results showed that octaploid and decaploid A. arguta var. giraldii had larger dimension of leaves than tetraploid A. arguta var. arguta and A. melanandra, but their fruits were significantly smaller. In addition, A. arguta var. giraldii (8x and 10x) had higher contents of nutrients such as ascorbic acid and amino acids; however, some important agronomic traits, including the content of total sugar and total acid, were significantly lower in the octaploids and decaploids. Moreover, octaploids and decaploids did not result in greater ecological adaptability for the challenging environments and climates. In conclusion, the differentiation of ecological adaptability and traits among natural kiwiberries' cytotypes suggested that higher ploidy levels are not inevitably advantageous in plants. The findings of A. arguta and related taxa in geographical distribution and agronomic trait variations will facilitate their germplasm domestication.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Zhang
- Xian Botanical Garden of Shaanxi Province, Botany Institution of Shaanxi ProvinceXian, China
| | - Caihong Zhong
- Key Laboratory of Plant Germplasm Enhancement and Specialty Agriculture, Wuhan Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of SciencesWuhan, China
| | - Yifei Liu
- South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of SciencesGuangzhou, China
| | - Qiong Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Plant Germplasm Enhancement and Specialty Agriculture, Wuhan Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of SciencesWuhan, China
| | - Xiaorong Sun
- College of Horticulture, Shenyang Agricultural UniversityShenyang, China
| | - Dawei Li
- Key Laboratory of Plant Germplasm Enhancement and Specialty Agriculture, Wuhan Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of SciencesWuhan, China
- *Correspondence: Dawei Li
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Antifatigue and increasing exercise performance of Actinidia arguta crude alkaloids in mice. J Food Drug Anal 2016; 24:738-745. [PMID: 28911611 PMCID: PMC9337300 DOI: 10.1016/j.jfda.2016.03.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2015] [Revised: 03/02/2016] [Accepted: 03/10/2016] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
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Analysis of volatile compounds responsible for kiwifruit aroma by desiccated headspace gas chromatography–mass spectrometry. J Chromatogr A 2016; 1440:255-259. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2016.02.056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2016] [Revised: 02/17/2016] [Accepted: 02/18/2016] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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Nieuwenhuizen NJ, Allan AC, Atkinson RG. The Genetics of Kiwifruit Flavor and Fragrance. COMPENDIUM OF PLANT GENOMES 2016. [DOI: 10.1007/978-3-319-32274-2_11] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
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Lindhorst AC, Steinhaus M. Aroma-active compounds in the fruit of the hardy kiwi (Actinidia arguta) cultivars Ananasnaya, Bojnice, and Dumbarton Oaks: differences to common kiwifruit (Actinidia deliciosa ‘Hayward’). Eur Food Res Technol 2015. [DOI: 10.1007/s00217-015-2603-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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Twidle AM, Mas F, Harper AR, Horner RM, Welsh TJ, Suckling DM. Kiwifruit Flower Odor Perception and Recognition by Honey Bees, Apis mellifera. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2015; 63:5597-5602. [PMID: 26027748 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.5b01165] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Volatile organic compounds (VOCs) from male and female kiwifruit (Actinidia deliciosa 'Hayward') flowers were collected by dynamic headspace sampling. Honey bee (Apis mellifera) perception of the flower VOCs was tested using gas chromatography coupled to electroantennogram detection. Honey bees consistently responded to six compounds present in the headspace of female kiwifruit flowers and five compounds in the headspace of male flowers. Analysis of the floral volatiles by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry and microscale chemical derivatization showed the compounds to be nonanal, 2-phenylethanol, 4-oxoisophorone, (3E,6E)-α-farnesene, (6Z,9Z)-heptadecadiene, and (8Z)-heptadecene. Bees were then trained via olfactory conditioning of the proboscis extension response (PER) to synthetic mixtures of these compounds using the ratios present in each flower type. Honey bees trained to the synthetic mixtures showed a high response to the natural floral extracts, indicating that these may be the key compounds for honey bee perception of kiwifruit flower odor.
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Nieuwenhuizen NJ, Chen X, Wang MY, Matich AJ, Perez RL, Allan AC, Green SA, Atkinson RG. Natural variation in monoterpene synthesis in kiwifruit: transcriptional regulation of terpene synthases by NAC and ETHYLENE-INSENSITIVE3-like transcription factors. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY 2015; 167:1243-58. [PMID: 25649633 PMCID: PMC4378164 DOI: 10.1104/pp.114.254367] [Citation(s) in RCA: 127] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2014] [Accepted: 01/18/2015] [Indexed: 05/02/2023]
Abstract
Two kiwifruit (Actinidia) species with contrasting terpene profiles were compared to understand the regulation of fruit monoterpene production. High rates of terpinolene production in ripe Actinidia arguta fruit were correlated with increasing gene and protein expression of A. arguta terpene synthase1 (AaTPS1) and correlated with an increase in transcript levels of the 2-C-methyl-D-erythritol 4-phosphate pathway enzyme 1-deoxy-D-xylulose-5-phosphate synthase (DXS). Actinidia chinensis terpene synthase1 (AcTPS1) was identified as part of an array of eight tandemly duplicated genes, and AcTPS1 expression and terpene production were observed only at low levels in developing fruit. Transient overexpression of DXS in Nicotiana benthamiana leaves elevated monoterpene synthesis by AaTPS1 more than 100-fold, indicating that DXS is likely to be the key step in regulating 2-C-methyl-D-erythritol 4-phosphate substrate flux in kiwifruit. Comparative promoter analysis identified potential NAC (for no apical meristem [NAM], Arabidopsis transcription activation factor [ATAF], and cup-shaped cotyledon [CUC])-domain transcription factor) and ETHYLENE-INSENSITIVE3-like transcription factor (TF) binding sites in the AaTPS1 promoter, and cloned members of both TF classes were able to activate the AaTPS1 promoter in transient assays. Electrophoretic mobility shift assays showed that AaNAC2, AaNAC3, and AaNAC4 bind a 28-bp fragment of the proximal NAC binding site in the AaTPS1 promoter but not the A. chinensis AcTPS1 promoter, where the NAC binding site was mutated. Activation could be restored by reintroducing multiple repeats of the 12-bp NAC core-binding motif. The absence of NAC transcriptional activation in ripe A. chinensis fruit can account for the low accumulation of AcTPS1 transcript, protein, and monoterpene volatiles in this species. These results indicate the importance of NAC TFs in controlling monoterpene production and other traits in ripening fruits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Niels J Nieuwenhuizen
- The New Zealand Institute for Plant and Food Research Limited, Auckland 1025, New Zealand (N.J.N., X.C., M.Y.W., R.L.P., A.C.A., S.A.G., R.G.A.);School of Biological Sciences, University of Auckland, Auckland 1142, New Zealand (N.J.N., A.C.A.); andThe New Zealand Institute for Plant and Food Research Limited, Palmerston North 4442, New Zealand (A.J.M.)
| | - Xiuyin Chen
- The New Zealand Institute for Plant and Food Research Limited, Auckland 1025, New Zealand (N.J.N., X.C., M.Y.W., R.L.P., A.C.A., S.A.G., R.G.A.);School of Biological Sciences, University of Auckland, Auckland 1142, New Zealand (N.J.N., A.C.A.); andThe New Zealand Institute for Plant and Food Research Limited, Palmerston North 4442, New Zealand (A.J.M.)
| | - Mindy Y Wang
- The New Zealand Institute for Plant and Food Research Limited, Auckland 1025, New Zealand (N.J.N., X.C., M.Y.W., R.L.P., A.C.A., S.A.G., R.G.A.);School of Biological Sciences, University of Auckland, Auckland 1142, New Zealand (N.J.N., A.C.A.); andThe New Zealand Institute for Plant and Food Research Limited, Palmerston North 4442, New Zealand (A.J.M.)
| | - Adam J Matich
- The New Zealand Institute for Plant and Food Research Limited, Auckland 1025, New Zealand (N.J.N., X.C., M.Y.W., R.L.P., A.C.A., S.A.G., R.G.A.);School of Biological Sciences, University of Auckland, Auckland 1142, New Zealand (N.J.N., A.C.A.); andThe New Zealand Institute for Plant and Food Research Limited, Palmerston North 4442, New Zealand (A.J.M.)
| | - Ramon Lopez Perez
- The New Zealand Institute for Plant and Food Research Limited, Auckland 1025, New Zealand (N.J.N., X.C., M.Y.W., R.L.P., A.C.A., S.A.G., R.G.A.);School of Biological Sciences, University of Auckland, Auckland 1142, New Zealand (N.J.N., A.C.A.); andThe New Zealand Institute for Plant and Food Research Limited, Palmerston North 4442, New Zealand (A.J.M.)
| | - Andrew C Allan
- The New Zealand Institute for Plant and Food Research Limited, Auckland 1025, New Zealand (N.J.N., X.C., M.Y.W., R.L.P., A.C.A., S.A.G., R.G.A.);School of Biological Sciences, University of Auckland, Auckland 1142, New Zealand (N.J.N., A.C.A.); andThe New Zealand Institute for Plant and Food Research Limited, Palmerston North 4442, New Zealand (A.J.M.)
| | - Sol A Green
- The New Zealand Institute for Plant and Food Research Limited, Auckland 1025, New Zealand (N.J.N., X.C., M.Y.W., R.L.P., A.C.A., S.A.G., R.G.A.);School of Biological Sciences, University of Auckland, Auckland 1142, New Zealand (N.J.N., A.C.A.); andThe New Zealand Institute for Plant and Food Research Limited, Palmerston North 4442, New Zealand (A.J.M.)
| | - Ross G Atkinson
- The New Zealand Institute for Plant and Food Research Limited, Auckland 1025, New Zealand (N.J.N., X.C., M.Y.W., R.L.P., A.C.A., S.A.G., R.G.A.);School of Biological Sciences, University of Auckland, Auckland 1142, New Zealand (N.J.N., A.C.A.); andThe New Zealand Institute for Plant and Food Research Limited, Palmerston North 4442, New Zealand (A.J.M.)
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Špánik I, Pažitná A, Šiška P, Szolcsányi P. The determination of botanical origin of honeys based on enantiomer distribution of chiral volatile organic compounds. Food Chem 2014; 158:497-503. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2014.02.129] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2013] [Revised: 09/18/2013] [Accepted: 02/23/2014] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Lee J, Sowndhararajan K, Kim M, Kim J, Kim D, Kim S, Kim GY, Kim S, Jhoo JW. Antioxidant, inhibition of α-glucosidase and suppression of nitric oxide production in LPS-induced murine macrophages by different fractions of Actinidia arguta stem. Saudi J Biol Sci 2014; 21:532-8. [PMID: 25473361 DOI: 10.1016/j.sjbs.2014.01.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2013] [Revised: 01/24/2014] [Accepted: 01/26/2014] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
In traditional systems of medicine, fruits, leaves, and stems of Actinidia arguta (Sieb. et Zucc.) Planch. ex Miq. have been used to treat various inflammatory diseases. The present study determined the proximate composition, antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and hypoglycemic potential of A. arguta stem. Phenolic composition of hot water extract and its sub-fractions was determined by Folin-Ciocalteu's reagent method. In vitro antioxidant activities of the samples were evaluated using 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) and 2,2'-azino-bis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) diammonium salt (ABTS) radical scavenging assays. Anti-inflammatory activity of different fractions was investigated through the inhibition of nitric oxide (NO) production in lipopolysaccharide (1 μg/ml) stimulated RAW 264.7 cells. In addition, inhibition of α-glucosidase activity of hot water extract was determined using p-nitrophenyl-α-d-glucopyranoside (pNPG) as a substrate. Ethyl acetate (557.23 mg GAE/g) fraction contains higher level of total phenolic content. The antioxidant activity evaluated by DPPH radical scavenging assay showed a strong activity for ethyl acetate (IC50 of 14.28 μg/ml) and n-butanol fractions (IC50 of 48.27 μg/ml). Further, ethyl acetate fraction effectively inhibited NO production in RAW 264.7 cells induced by lipopolysaccharide (LPS) than other fractions (nitrite level to 32.14 μM at 200 μg/ml). In addition, hot water extract of A. arguta stem exhibited appreciable inhibitory activity against α-glucosidase enzyme with IC50 of 1.71 mg/ml. The obtained results have important consequence of using A. arguta stem toward the development of effective anti-inflammatory drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jaehak Lee
- Kangwon National University, Department of Animal Products and Food Science, Chuncheon, Gangwon 200-701, Republic of Korea
| | - Kandhasamy Sowndhararajan
- Kangwon National University, Department of Biological Environment, Chuncheon, Gangwon 200-701, Republic of Korea
| | - Mihae Kim
- Kangwon National University, Department of Animal Products and Food Science, Chuncheon, Gangwon 200-701, Republic of Korea
| | - Jaehun Kim
- Ildong Foodis Co., Ltd., R&D Center, #1153 Geodoo-ri, Dongnae-myun, Chuncheon, Gangwon 200-881, Republic of Korea
| | - Daeho Kim
- Ildong Foodis Co., Ltd., R&D Center, #1153 Geodoo-ri, Dongnae-myun, Chuncheon, Gangwon 200-881, Republic of Korea
| | - Sunpyo Kim
- Ildong Foodis Co., Ltd., R&D Center, #1153 Geodoo-ri, Dongnae-myun, Chuncheon, Gangwon 200-881, Republic of Korea
| | - Gur-Yoo Kim
- Kangwon National University, Department of Animal Products and Food Science, Chuncheon, Gangwon 200-701, Republic of Korea
| | - Songmun Kim
- Kangwon National University, Department of Biological Environment, Chuncheon, Gangwon 200-701, Republic of Korea
| | - Jin-Woo Jhoo
- Kangwon National University, Department of Animal Products and Food Science, Chuncheon, Gangwon 200-701, Republic of Korea
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Jardine K, Wegener F, Abrell L, van Haren J, Werner C. Phytogenic biosynthesis and emission of methyl acetate. PLANT, CELL & ENVIRONMENT 2014; 37:414-24. [PMID: 23862653 DOI: 10.1111/pce.12164] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2013] [Revised: 07/07/2013] [Accepted: 07/08/2013] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
Acetylation of plant metabolites fundamentally changes their volatility, solubility and activity as semiochemicals. Here we present a new technique termed dynamic (13) C-pulse chasing to track the fate of C1-3 carbon atoms of pyruvate into the biosynthesis and emission of methyl acetate (MA) and CO2 . (13) C-labelling of MA and CO2 branch emissions respond within minutes to changes in (13) C-positionally labelled pyruvate solutions fed through the transpiration stream. Strong (13) C-labelling of MA emissions occurred only under pyruvate-2-(13) C and pyruvate-2,3-(13) C feeding, but not pyruvate-1-(13) C feeding. In contrast, strong (13) CO2 emissions were only observed under pyruvate-1-(13) C feeding. These results demonstrate that MA (and other volatile and non-volatile metabolites) derive from the C2,3 atoms of pyruvate while the C1 atom undergoes decarboxylation. The latter is a non-mitochondrial source of CO2 in the light generally not considered in studies of CO2 sources and sinks. Within a tropical rainforest mesocosm, we also observed atmospheric concentrations of MA up to 0.6 ppbv that tracked light and temperature conditions. Moreover, signals partially attributed to MA were observed in ambient air within and above a tropical rainforest in the Amazon. Our study highlights the potential importance of acetyl coenzyme A (CoA) biosynthesis as a source of acetate esters and CO2 to the atmosphere.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kolby Jardine
- Climate Science Department, Earth Science Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA, 94720, USA
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May B, Lange BM, Wüst M. Biosynthesis of sesquiterpenes in grape berry exocarp of Vitis vinifera L.: evidence for a transport of farnesyl diphosphate precursors from plastids to the cytosol. PHYTOCHEMISTRY 2013; 95:135-44. [PMID: 23954075 PMCID: PMC3838315 DOI: 10.1016/j.phytochem.2013.07.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2013] [Revised: 07/16/2013] [Accepted: 07/22/2013] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
The participation of the mevalonic acid (MVA) and 1-deoxy-d-xylulose 5-phosphate/2-C-methyl-d-erythritol-4-phosphate (DOXP/MEP) pathways in sesquiterpene biosynthesis of grape berries was investigated. There is an increasing interest in this class of terpenoids, since the oxygenated sesquiterpene rotundone was identified as the peppery aroma impact compound in Australian Shiraz wines. To investigate precursor supply pathway utilization, in vivo feeding experiments were performed with the deuterium labeled, pathway specific, precursors [5,5-(2)H2]-1-deoxy-d-xylulose and [5,5-(2)H2]-mevalonic acid lactone. Head Space-Solid Phase Micro Extraction-Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry (HS-SPME-GC-MS) analysis of the generated volatile metabolites demonstrated that de novo sesquiterpene biosynthesis is mainly located in the grape berry exocarp (skin), with no detectable activity in the mesocarp (flesh) of the Lemberger variety. Interestingly, precursors from both the (primarily) cytosolic MVA and plastidial DOXP/MEP pathways were incorporated into grape sesquiterpenes in the varieties Lemberger, Gewürztraminer and Syrah. Our labeling data provide evidence for a homogenous, cytosolic pool of precursors for sesquiterpene biosynthesis, indicating that a transport of precursors occurs mostly from plastids to the cytosol. The labeling patterns of the sesquiterpene germacrene D were in agreement with a cyclization mechanism analogous to that of a previously cloned enantioselective (R)-germacrene D synthase from Solidago canadensis. This observation was subsequently confirmed by enantioselective GC-MS analysis demonstrating the exclusive presence of (R)-germacrene D, and not the (S)-enantiomer, in grape berries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bianca May
- University of Bonn, Department of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Bioanalytics, Endenicher Allee 11-13, D-53115 Bonn, Germany
| | - B. Markus Lange
- Institute of Biological Chemistry and M.J. Murdock Metabolomics Laboratory, Washington State University, Pullman, WA 99164-6340, USA
| | - Matthias Wüst
- University of Bonn, Department of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Bioanalytics, Endenicher Allee 11-13, D-53115 Bonn, Germany
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Mannina L, Sobolev AP, Capitani D. Applications of NMR metabolomics to the study of foodstuffs: truffle, kiwifruit, lettuce, and sea bass. Electrophoresis 2012; 33:2290-313. [PMID: 22887151 DOI: 10.1002/elps.201100668] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
In this review, four examples of the NMR metabolomic approach to foodstuff investigation are reported. Different types of foodstuff of different origin (namely truffle, kiwifruit, lettuce, and sea bass), with different metabolite composition, processing, and storage procedures have been chosen to demonstrate the versatility and potentiality of NMR in the foodstuff analysis. Fundamental aspects of NMR methodology such as sample preparation, metabolites extraction, quantitative elaboration of spectral data, and statistical analysis have been described. Metabolic profilings of aqueous and/or organic extracts as obtained by one- and two-dimensional NMR experiments have been reported together with the results obtained from their statistical elaboration. Discrimination between wild and farmed sea bass and between genetically modified and wild lettuces as well as changes in the kiwifruit metabolic profiles monitored over the season have been investigated. For each foodstuff, some complementary findings provided by other analytical methods are also described to underline the importance of different analytical approaches to explore specific aspects related to foodstuff.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luisa Mannina
- Dipartimento di Chimica e Tecnologie del Farmaco, Sapienza Università di Roma, Rome, Italy.
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Mujić I, Bavcon Kralj M, Jokić S, Jarni K, Jug T, Prgomet Ž. Changes in aromatic profile of fresh and dried fig - the role of pre-treatments in drying process. Int J Food Sci Technol 2012. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2621.2012.03099.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Green SA, Chen X, Nieuwenhuizen NJ, Matich AJ, Wang MY, Bunn BJ, Yauk YK, Atkinson RG. Identification, functional characterization, and regulation of the enzyme responsible for floral (E)-nerolidol biosynthesis in kiwifruit (Actinidia chinensis). JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY 2012; 63:1951-67. [PMID: 22162874 PMCID: PMC3295389 DOI: 10.1093/jxb/err393] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2011] [Revised: 11/04/2011] [Accepted: 11/07/2011] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
Flowers of the kiwifruit species Actinidia chinensis produce a mixture of sesquiterpenes derived from farnesyl diphosphate (FDP) and monoterpenes derived from geranyl diphosphate (GDP). The tertiary sesquiterpene alcohol (E)-nerolidol was the major emitted volatile detected by headspace analysis. Contrastingly, in solvent extracts of the flowers, unusually high amounts of (E,E)-farnesol were observed, as well as lesser amounts of (E)-nerolidol, various farnesol and farnesal isomers, and linalool. Using a genomics-based approach, a single gene (AcNES1) was identified in an A. chinensis expressed sequence tag library that had significant homology to known floral terpene synthase enzymes. In vitro characterization of recombinant AcNES1 revealed it was an enzyme that could catalyse the conversion of FDP and GDP to the respective (E)-nerolidol and linalool terpene alcohols. Enantiomeric analysis of both AcNES1 products in vitro and floral terpenes in planta showed that (S)-(E)-nerolidol was the predominant enantiomer. Real-time PCR analysis indicated peak expression of AcNES1 correlated with peak (E)-nerolidol, but not linalool accumulation in flowers. This result, together with subcellular protein localization to the cytoplasm, indicated that AcNES1 was acting as a (S)-(E)-nerolidol synthase in A. chinensis flowers. The synthesis of high (E,E)-farnesol levels appears to compete for the available pool of FDP utilized by AcNES1 for sesquiterpene biosynthesis and hence strongly influences the accumulation and emission of (E)-nerolidol in A. chinensis flowers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sol A Green
- The New Zealand Institute for Plant & Food Research Limited, Auckland, New Zealand.
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Maggi F, Mártonfi P, Conti F, Cristalli G, Papa F, Sagratini G, Vittori S. Volatile Components of Whole and Different Plant Parts of Bastard Balm (Melittis melissophyllum L., Lamiaceae) Collected in Central Italy and Slovakia. Chem Biodivers 2011; 8:2057-79. [DOI: 10.1002/cbdv.201000365] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
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Kardani F, Daneshfar A, Sahrae R, Ghaedi M. Application of Coacervative Microextraction for Extraction of Volatile Compounds in Thymus Essential Oil and Fruit Juices by Gas Chromatography with Flame Ionization Detection. JOURNAL OF ESSENTIAL OIL RESEARCH 2011. [DOI: 10.1080/10412905.2011.9712284] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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49
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Developing models systems for testing the sensory properties and consumer acceptance of new fruit cultivars: The example of kiwifruit. Food Qual Prefer 2011. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodqual.2011.02.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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Garcia CV, Quek SY, Stevenson RJ, Winz RA. Characterization of the bound volatile extract from baby kiwi (Actinidia arguta). JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2011; 59:8358-8365. [PMID: 21702480 DOI: 10.1021/jf201469c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
The glycosidically bound volatile fraction of baby kiwi ( Actinidia arguta ) was studied. Glycosidic precursors were isolated from juice by adsorption onto an Amberlite XAD-2 column. After enzymatic hydrolysis with Rapidase AR2000, the released aglycones were analyzed by GC-MS. Alcohols, terpenoids, and benzenoids were the most abundant compound classes. Aromatic compounds and norisoprenoids showed the highest concentrations. Major compounds were 2,5-dimethyl-4-hydroxy-3(2H)-furanone (Furaneol), benzyl alcohol, 3-hydroxy-β-damascone, hexanal, and (Z)-3-hexen-1-ol. Precursors of aroma compounds including benzoic acid, cinnamic acid, and coniferyl alcohol were also found. Eugenol, raspberry ketone, and 4-vinylguaiacol were identified for the first time in the fruit of an Actinidia species. The high concentration of 2,5-dimethyl-4-hydroxy-3(2H)-furanone in bound form (95.36 μg/kg) is particularly interesting and justifies further investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Coralia V Garcia
- Food Science Programme, School of Chemical Sciences, The University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
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