1
|
Sui X, Wang C, Gutekunst WR. Sequestration of Ruthenium Residues via Efficient Fluorous-enyne Termination. Polym Chem 2023; 14:3160-3165. [PMID: 38269330 PMCID: PMC10805442 DOI: 10.1039/d3py00456b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2024]
Abstract
The creation of polymers without metal contamination remains a significant challenge for metathesis-based polymerization techniques and has complicated applications in biomedical and electronic applications. This communication reports a new approach for the removal of ruthenium byproducts through the design of an enyne terminator for metathesis polymerization that contains a fluorous tag. Upon reaction of a living polymer chain with the enyne, the ruthenium center is captured as a stable sulfur-chelated complex that can be efficiently removed after a single filtration through a fluorous cartridge. Levels of ruthenium residues as determined by ICP-MS were found to depend on the monomer structure, eluting solvent, and the degree of polymerization targeted. Ruthenium residues were minimized to low ppm levels (4-75 ppm) for most samples examined and also led to the improved thermal stability of the final materials. This represents the most efficient single method for removal of ruthenium residues from metathesis polymerization products.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xuelin Sui
- School of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, 901 Atlanta Drive NW, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, United States
| | - Chenxiao Wang
- School of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, 901 Atlanta Drive NW, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, United States
| | - Will R Gutekunst
- School of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, 901 Atlanta Drive NW, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, United States
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Pelras T, Loos K. Strategies for the synthesis of sequence-controlled glycopolymers and their potential for advanced applications. Prog Polym Sci 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.progpolymsci.2021.101393] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
|
3
|
Ku KH, McDonald BR, Vijayamohanan H, Zentner CA, Nagelberg S, Kolle M, Swager TM. Dynamic Coloration of Complex Emulsions by Localization of Gold Rings Near the Triphase Junction. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2021; 17:e2007507. [PMID: 33605015 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202007507] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2020] [Revised: 01/06/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Multiphase microscale emulsions are a material platform that can be tuned and dynamically configured by a variety of chemical and physical phenomena, rendering them inexpensive and broadly programmable optical transducers. Interface engineering underpins many of these sensing schemes but typically focuses on manipulating a single interface, while engineering of the multiphase junctions of complex emulsions remains underexplored. Herein, multiphilic triblock copolymer surfactants are synthesized and assembled at the triphase junction of a dynamically reconfigurable biphasic emulsion. Tailoring the linear structure and composition of the polymer surfactants provides affinity to each phase of the complex emulsion (hydrocarbon, fluorocarbon, and continuous water phase), yielding selective localization of polymers around the triphase junction. Conjugation of these polymers with gold nanoparticles, forming structured rings, affords a dynamic reflected isotropic structural color that tracks with emulsion morphology, demonstrating the uniquely enabling nature of a functionalized triphase interface. This color is the result of interference of light along the internal hydrocarbon/fluorocarbon interface, with the gold nanoparticles scattering and redirecting light into total internal reflection competent paths. Thus, the functionalization of the triphase junction renders complex emulsions colorimetric sensors, a powerful tool toward sensitive and simple sensing platforms.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kang Hee Ku
- Department of Chemistry, Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), 77 Massachusetts Ave., Cambridge, MA, 02139, USA
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Applied Chemistry, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, 34134, Republic of Korea
| | - Benjamin R McDonald
- Department of Chemistry, Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), 77 Massachusetts Ave., Cambridge, MA, 02139, USA
| | - Harikrishnan Vijayamohanan
- Department of Chemistry, Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), 77 Massachusetts Ave., Cambridge, MA, 02139, USA
| | - Cassandra A Zentner
- Department of Chemistry, Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), 77 Massachusetts Ave., Cambridge, MA, 02139, USA
| | - Sara Nagelberg
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), 77 Massachusetts Ave., Cambridge, MA, 02139, USA
| | - Mathias Kolle
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), 77 Massachusetts Ave., Cambridge, MA, 02139, USA
| | - Timothy M Swager
- Department of Chemistry, Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), 77 Massachusetts Ave., Cambridge, MA, 02139, USA
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Kwan CS, Cerullo AR, Braunschweig AB. Design and Synthesis of Mucin-Inspired Glycopolymers. Chempluschem 2020; 85:2704-2721. [PMID: 33346954 DOI: 10.1002/cplu.202000637] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2020] [Revised: 12/08/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Mucins are bottlebrush biopolymers that are glycoproteins on the surfaces of cells and as hydrogels secreted inside and outside the body. Mucin function in biology includes cell-cell recognition, signaling, protection, adhesion, and lubrication. Because of their attractive and diverse properties, mucins have recently become the focus of synthetic efforts by researchers who hope to understand and emulate these biomaterials. This review is focused on the development of methodologies for preparing mucin-inspired synthetic oligomers and glycopolymers, including solid-phase synthesis, polymerization of glycosylated monomers, and post-polymerization grafting of glycans to polymer chains. How these synthetic mucins have been used in health applications is discussed. Natural mucins are formed from a conserved set of monomers that are combined into chains of different sequences and lengths to achieve materials with widely diverse properties. Adopting this design paradigm from natural mucins could lead to next-generation bioinspired synthetic materials.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chak-Shing Kwan
- The Advanced Science Research Center at the, Graduate Center of the City University of New York, 85 St. Nicholas Terrace, New York, NY, 10031, USA.,Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Hunter College, 695 Park Ave, New York, NY, 10065, USA
| | - Antonio R Cerullo
- The Advanced Science Research Center at the, Graduate Center of the City University of New York, 85 St. Nicholas Terrace, New York, NY, 10031, USA.,Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Hunter College, 695 Park Ave, New York, NY, 10065, USA.,The PhD program in Biochemistry, Graduate Center of the City University of New York, 365 5th Ave, New York, NY, 10016, USA
| | - Adam B Braunschweig
- The Advanced Science Research Center at the, Graduate Center of the City University of New York, 85 St. Nicholas Terrace, New York, NY, 10031, USA.,Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Hunter College, 695 Park Ave, New York, NY, 10065, USA.,The PhD program in Biochemistry, Graduate Center of the City University of New York, 365 5th Ave, New York, NY, 10016, USA.,The PhD program in Chemistry, Graduate Center of the City University of New York, 365 5th Ave, New York, NY, 10016, USA
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Treichel M, Tyler Womble C, Selhorst R, Gaitor J, Pathiranage TMSK, Kowalewski T, Noonan KJT. Exploring the Effects of Bulky Cations Tethered to Semicrystalline Polymers: The Case of Tetraaminophosphoniums with Ring-Opened Polynorbornenes. Macromolecules 2020. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.0c00422] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Megan Treichel
- Department of Chemistry, Carnegie Mellon University, 4400 Fifth Ave, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213-2617, United States
| | - C. Tyler Womble
- Department of Chemistry, Carnegie Mellon University, 4400 Fifth Ave, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213-2617, United States
| | - Ryan Selhorst
- Department of Chemistry, Carnegie Mellon University, 4400 Fifth Ave, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213-2617, United States
| | - Jamie Gaitor
- Department of Chemistry, Carnegie Mellon University, 4400 Fifth Ave, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213-2617, United States
| | - Taniya M. S. K. Pathiranage
- Department of Chemistry, Carnegie Mellon University, 4400 Fifth Ave, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213-2617, United States
| | - Tomasz Kowalewski
- Department of Chemistry, Carnegie Mellon University, 4400 Fifth Ave, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213-2617, United States
| | - Kevin J. T. Noonan
- Department of Chemistry, Carnegie Mellon University, 4400 Fifth Ave, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213-2617, United States
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Loka RS, Sletten ET, Barash U, Vlodavsky I, Nguyen HM. Specific Inhibition of Heparanase by a Glycopolymer with Well-Defined Sulfation Pattern Prevents Breast Cancer Metastasis in Mice. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2019; 11:244-254. [PMID: 30543095 PMCID: PMC6512314 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.8b17625] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
Heparanase, the heparan sulfate polysaccharide degrading endoglycosidase enzyme, has been correlated with tumor angiogenesis and metastasis and therefore has become a potential target for anticancer drug development. In this systematic study, the sulfation pattern of the pendant disaccharide moiety on synthetic glycopolymers was synthetically manipulated to achieve optimal heparanase inhibition. Upon evaluation, a glycopolymer with 12 repeating units was determined to be the most potent inhibitor of heparanase (IC50 = 0.10 ± 0.36 nM). This glycopolymer was further examined for cross-bioactivity using a solution-based competitive biolayer interferometry assay with other HS-binding proteins (growth factors, P-selectin, and platelet factor 4), which are responsible for mediating angiogenic activity, cell metastasis, and antibody-induced thrombocytopenia. The synthetic glycopolymer has low affinity for these HS-binding proteins in comparison to natural heparin. In addition, the glycopolymer possessed no proliferative properties toward human umbilical endothelial cells (HUVECs) and a potent antimetastatic effect against 4T1 mammary carcinoma cells. Thus, our study not only establishes a specific inhibitor of heparanase with high affinity but also illustrates the high effectiveness of this multivalent heparanase inhibitor in inhibiting experimental metastasis in vivo.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ravi S Loka
- Department of Chemistry , Wayne State University , Detroit , Michigan 48202 , United States
| | - Eric T Sletten
- Department of Chemistry , University of Iowa , Iowa City, Iowa 52242 , United States
| | - Uri Barash
- Cancer and Vascular Biology Research Center, Rappaport Faculty of Medicine , Technion-Israel Institute of Technology , Haifa , Israel
| | - Israel Vlodavsky
- Cancer and Vascular Biology Research Center, Rappaport Faculty of Medicine , Technion-Israel Institute of Technology , Haifa , Israel
| | - Hien M Nguyen
- Department of Chemistry , Wayne State University , Detroit , Michigan 48202 , United States
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Alaboalirat M, Qi L, Arrington KJ, Qian S, Keum JK, Mei H, Littrell KC, Sumpter BG, Carrillo JMY, Verduzco R, Matson JB. Amphiphilic Bottlebrush Block Copolymers: Analysis of Aqueous Self-Assembly by Small-Angle Neutron Scattering and Surface Tension Measurements. Macromolecules 2018. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.8b02366] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Mohammed Alaboalirat
- Department of Chemistry and Macromolecules Innovation Institute, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Virginia 24061, United States
| | - Luqing Qi
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77005, United States
| | - Kyle J. Arrington
- Department of Chemistry and Macromolecules Innovation Institute, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Virginia 24061, United States
| | | | | | - Hao Mei
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77005, United States
| | | | | | | | - Rafael Verduzco
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77005, United States
| | - John B. Matson
- Department of Chemistry and Macromolecules Innovation Institute, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Virginia 24061, United States
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Xie N, Feng K, Shao J, Chen B, Tung CH, Wu LZ. Luminescence-Tunable Polynorbornenes for Simultaneous Multicolor Imaging in Subcellular Organelles. Biomacromolecules 2018; 19:2750-2758. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.biomac.8b00338] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Nan Xie
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, P. R. China
| | - Ke Feng
- Key Laboratory of Photochemical Conversion and Optoelectronic Materials, Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry & School of Future Technology, University of CAS, the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, P. R. China
| | - Jianqun Shao
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, P. R. China
| | - Bin Chen
- Key Laboratory of Photochemical Conversion and Optoelectronic Materials, Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry & School of Future Technology, University of CAS, the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, P. R. China
| | - Chen-Ho Tung
- Key Laboratory of Photochemical Conversion and Optoelectronic Materials, Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry & School of Future Technology, University of CAS, the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, P. R. China
| | - Li-Zhu Wu
- Key Laboratory of Photochemical Conversion and Optoelectronic Materials, Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry & School of Future Technology, University of CAS, the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, P. R. China
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Paluck S, Nguyen TH, Maynard HD. Heparin-Mimicking Polymers: Synthesis and Biological Applications. Biomacromolecules 2016; 17:3417-3440. [PMID: 27739666 PMCID: PMC5111123 DOI: 10.1021/acs.biomac.6b01147] [Citation(s) in RCA: 127] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2016] [Revised: 09/26/2016] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Heparin is a naturally occurring, highly sulfated polysaccharide that plays a critical role in a range of different biological processes. Therapeutically, it is mostly commonly used as an injectable solution as an anticoagulant for a variety of indications, although it has also been employed in other forms such as coatings on various biomedical devices. Due to the diverse functions of this polysaccharide in the body, including anticoagulation, tissue regeneration, anti-inflammation, and protein stabilization, and drawbacks of its use, analogous heparin-mimicking materials are also widely studied for therapeutic applications. This review focuses on one type of these materials, namely, synthetic heparin-mimicking polymers. Utilization of these polymers provides significant benefits compared to heparin, including enhancing therapeutic efficacy and reducing side effects as a result of fine-tuning heparin-binding motifs and other molecular characteristics. The major types of the various polymers are summarized, as well as their applications. Because development of a broader range of heparin-mimicking materials would further expand the impact of these polymers in the treatment of various diseases, future directions are also discussed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Samantha
J. Paluck
- Department of Chemistry and
Biochemistry and the California NanoSystems Institute, University of California−Los Angeles, 607 Charles E. Young Dr East, Los Angeles, California 90095, United States
| | - Thi H. Nguyen
- Department of Chemistry and
Biochemistry and the California NanoSystems Institute, University of California−Los Angeles, 607 Charles E. Young Dr East, Los Angeles, California 90095, United States
| | - Heather D. Maynard
- Department of Chemistry and
Biochemistry and the California NanoSystems Institute, University of California−Los Angeles, 607 Charles E. Young Dr East, Los Angeles, California 90095, United States
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Feng K, Xie N, Chen B, Tung CH, Wu LZ. Modular Design of Poly(norbornenes) for Organelle-Specific Imaging in Tumor Cells. Biomacromolecules 2016; 17:538-45. [PMID: 26762279 DOI: 10.1021/acs.biomac.5b01450] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Through modular ROMP (ring-opening metathesis polymerization) directly from monomeric norbornenes of bioactive peptides, rhodamine B chromophore, and PEG solubilizer, we designed and synthesized a series of water-soluble poly(norbornenes) with organelle-specific imaging capability in tumor cells. For the selection of FxrFxK, TAT, and SV40 peptide sequences, these fluorescence probes exhibited different targeting specificity toward mitochondria, lysosome, and nucleolus, respectively, based on the same poly(norbornene) backbonds. More importantly, the ROMP strategy enables selective combination from various monomers and allows programmable biofunctionalization via peptide sequence permutations, which would greatly extend the biomedical applications such as imaging, diagnosis, and therapy for these synthetic polymers.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ke Feng
- Key Laboratory of Photochemical Conversion and Optoelectronic Materials, Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, The Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100190, People's Republic of China
| | - Nan Xie
- Beijing Area Major Laboratory of Peptide and Small Molecular Drugs, Engineering Research Center of Endogenous Prophylactic of Ministry of Education of China, Beijing Laboratory of Biomedical Materials, School of Chemical Biology and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Capital Medical University , Beijing 100069, People's Republic of China
| | - Bin Chen
- Key Laboratory of Photochemical Conversion and Optoelectronic Materials, Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, The Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100190, People's Republic of China
| | - Chen-Ho Tung
- Key Laboratory of Photochemical Conversion and Optoelectronic Materials, Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, The Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100190, People's Republic of China
| | - Li-Zhu Wu
- Key Laboratory of Photochemical Conversion and Optoelectronic Materials, Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, The Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100190, People's Republic of China
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Xie N, Feng K, Chen B, Tung CH, Wu LZ. Switchable two-photon imaging of RGD-functionalized polynorbornenes with enhanced cellular uptake in living cells. NEW J CHEM 2016. [DOI: 10.1039/c6nj00029k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Two-photon imaging polynorbornenes were fabricated directly from photochromic spiropyran, RGD peptides and hydrophilic PEG monomers via modular ROMP.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nan Xie
- Beijing Area Major Laboratory of Peptide and Small Molecular Drugs
- Engineering Research Center of Endogenous Prophylactic of Ministry of Education of China
- Beijing Laboratory of Biomedical Materials
- School of Chemical Biology and Pharmaceutical Sciences
- Capital Medical University
| | - Ke Feng
- Key Laboratory of Photochemical Conversion and Optoelectronic Materials
- Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, The Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Beijing 100190
- P. R. China
| | - Bin Chen
- Key Laboratory of Photochemical Conversion and Optoelectronic Materials
- Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, The Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Beijing 100190
- P. R. China
| | - Chen-Ho Tung
- Key Laboratory of Photochemical Conversion and Optoelectronic Materials
- Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, The Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Beijing 100190
- P. R. China
| | - Li-Zhu Wu
- Key Laboratory of Photochemical Conversion and Optoelectronic Materials
- Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, The Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Beijing 100190
- P. R. China
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Das A, Theato P. Activated Ester Containing Polymers: Opportunities and Challenges for the Design of Functional Macromolecules. Chem Rev 2015; 116:1434-95. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.5b00291] [Citation(s) in RCA: 285] [Impact Index Per Article: 31.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Anindita Das
- Institute
for Technical and
Macromolecular Chemistry, University of Hamburg, D-20146 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Patrick Theato
- Institute
for Technical and
Macromolecular Chemistry, University of Hamburg, D-20146 Hamburg, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Lambeth RH, Baranoski MH. Oxidative Stabilization of Poly(norbornene) Polymers Prepared by Ring Opening Metathesis Polymerization. JOURNAL OF MACROMOLECULAR SCIENCE PART A-PURE AND APPLIED CHEMISTRY 2014. [DOI: 10.1080/10601325.2014.967085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
|
14
|
Xie N, Feng K, Chen B, Zhao M, Peng S, Zhang LP, Tung CH, Wu LZ. Water-soluble copolymeric materials: switchable NIR two-photon fluorescence imaging agents for living cancer cells. J Mater Chem B 2014; 2:502-510. [DOI: 10.1039/c3tb21251c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
|
15
|
Romulus J, Weck M. Single-Chain Polymer Self-Assembly Using Complementary Hydrogen Bonding Units. Macromol Rapid Commun 2013; 34:1518-23. [DOI: 10.1002/marc.201300501] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2013] [Revised: 07/20/2013] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Joy Romulus
- Department of Chemistry and Molecular Design Institute; New York University; New York, NY 10003 USA
| | - Marcus Weck
- Department of Chemistry and Molecular Design Institute; New York University; New York, NY 10003 USA
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Daigle JC, Dube-Savoie V, Tavares AC, Claverie JP. Copolymers of ethylene and sulfonated norbornene for proton exchange membranes. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2013. [DOI: 10.1002/pola.26656] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Jean-Christophe Daigle
- Quebec Center for Functional Materials, UQAM; Department of Chemistry; Succursale Centre Ville CP8888; Montreal; Quebec; H3C3P8; Canada
| | - Vincent Dube-Savoie
- Quebec Center for Functional Materials; INRS-Énergie, Matériaux et Télécommunications, 1650 Boulevard Lionel-Boulet Varennes; Quebec; J3X1S2; Canada
| | - Ana C. Tavares
- Quebec Center for Functional Materials; INRS-Énergie, Matériaux et Télécommunications, 1650 Boulevard Lionel-Boulet Varennes; Quebec; J3X1S2; Canada
| | - Jerome P. Claverie
- Quebec Center for Functional Materials, UQAM; Department of Chemistry; Succursale Centre Ville CP8888; Montreal; Quebec; H3C3P8; Canada
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Vázquez-Dorbatt V, Lee J, Lin EW, Maynard HD. Synthesis of Glycopolymers by Controlled Radical Polymerization Techniques and Their Applications. Chembiochem 2012; 13:2478-87. [DOI: 10.1002/cbic.201200480] [Citation(s) in RCA: 83] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2012] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
|
18
|
Feng K, Xie N, Chen B, Zhang LP, Tung CH, Wu LZ. Reversible Light-Triggered Transition of Amphiphilic Random Copolymers. Macromolecules 2012. [DOI: 10.1021/ma300734z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Ke Feng
- Key Laboratory of Photochemical Conversion
and Optoelectronic Materials, Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry,
the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing
100190, P. R. China
| | - Nan Xie
- School
of Chemical Biology and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, P. R. China
| | - Bin Chen
- Key Laboratory of Photochemical Conversion
and Optoelectronic Materials, Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry,
the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing
100190, P. R. China
| | - Li-Ping Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Photochemical Conversion
and Optoelectronic Materials, Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry,
the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing
100190, P. R. China
| | - Chen-Ho Tung
- Key Laboratory of Photochemical Conversion
and Optoelectronic Materials, Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry,
the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing
100190, P. R. China
| | - Li-Zhu Wu
- Key Laboratory of Photochemical Conversion
and Optoelectronic Materials, Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry,
the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing
100190, P. R. China
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Romulus J, Patel S, Weck M. Facile Synthesis of Flexible, Donor–Acceptor Side-Chain Functionalized Copolymers via Ring-Opening Metathesis Polymerization. Macromolecules 2011. [DOI: 10.1021/ma201812x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Joy Romulus
- Department of Chemistry, Molecular Design Institute, New York University, New York, New York 10003, United States
| | - Sonal Patel
- Department of Chemistry, Molecular Design Institute, New York University, New York, New York 10003, United States
| | - Marcus Weck
- Department of Chemistry, Molecular Design Institute, New York University, New York, New York 10003, United States
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Jung H, Carberry TP, Weck M. Synthesis of First- and Second-Generation Poly(amide)-Dendronized Polymers via Ring-Opening Metathesis Polymerization. Macromolecules 2011. [DOI: 10.1021/ma2016375] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Hwayoon Jung
- Molecular Design Institute, Department of Chemistry, New York University, New York, New York 10003, United States
| | - Tom P. Carberry
- Molecular Design Institute, Department of Chemistry, New York University, New York, New York 10003, United States
| | - Marcus Weck
- Molecular Design Institute, Department of Chemistry, New York University, New York, New York 10003, United States
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Liu Y, Piñón V, Weck M. Poly(norbornene) block copolymer-based shell cross-linked micelles with Co(iii)–salen cores. Polym Chem 2011. [DOI: 10.1039/c1py00151e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
|
22
|
Lambeth RH, Pederson SJ, Baranoski M, Rawlett AM. Methods for removal of residual catalyst from polymers prepared by ring opening metathesis polymerization. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2010. [DOI: 10.1002/pola.24380] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
|
23
|
Gunning JP, Levell JW, Wyatt MF, Burn PL, Robertson J, Samuel IDW. The development of poly(dendrimer)s for advanced processing. Polym Chem 2010. [DOI: 10.1039/c0py00039f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
|
24
|
The Influence of the Anionic Counter-Ion on the Activity of Ammonium Substituted Hoveyda-Type Olefin Metathesis Catalysts in Aqueous Media. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2010. [DOI: 10.1007/978-90-481-3433-5_5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register]
|
25
|
Vázquez-Dorbatt V, Tolstyka ZP, Chang CW, Maynard HD. Synthesis of a pyridyl disulfide end-functionalized glycopolymer for conjugation to biomolecules and patterning on gold surfaces. Biomacromolecules 2009; 10:2207-12. [PMID: 19606855 DOI: 10.1021/bm900395h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
A pyridyl disulfide end-functionalized polymer with N-acetyl-d-glucosamine pendant side-chains was synthesized by atom transfer radical polymerization (ATRP). The glycopolymer was prepared from a pyridyl disulfide initiator catalyzed by a Cu(I)/Cu(II)/2,2'-bipyridine system in a mixture of methanol and water at 30 degrees C. The final polymer had a number-average molecular weight (M(n)) of 13.0 kDa determined by (1)H NMR spectroscopy and a narrow polydispersity index (1.12) determined by gel permeation chromatography (GPC). The pyridyl disulfide end-group was then utilized to conjugate the glycopolymer to a double-stranded short interfering RNA (siRNA). Characterization of the glycopolymer-siRNA by polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (PAGE) showed 97% conjugation. The activated disulfide polymer was also patterned on gold via microcontact printing. The pyridyl disulfide allowed for ready immobilization of the glycopolymer into 200 microm sized features on the surface.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Vimary Vázquez-Dorbatt
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry and California Nanosystems Institute, University of California-Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California 90095-1569
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
26
|
Synthetic neoglycopolymer-recombinant human collagen hybrids as biomimetic crosslinking agents in corneal tissue engineering. Biomaterials 2009; 30:5403-8. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2009.06.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2009] [Accepted: 06/10/2009] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
|
27
|
|
28
|
|
29
|
Gułajski L, Michrowska A, Naroznik J, Kaczmarska Z, Rupnicki L, Grela K. A highly active aqueous olefin metathesis catalyst bearing a quaternary ammonium group. CHEMSUSCHEM 2008; 1:103-109. [PMID: 18605672 DOI: 10.1002/cssc.200700111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
A polar olefin metathesis catalyst that bears a quaternary ammonium group was prepared from commercially available reagents. The electron-withdrawing quaternary ammonium group not only activates the Ru catalyst electronically but at the same time makes the catalyst more hydrophilic. The catalyst can therefore be efficiently used both in traditional media, such as dichloromethane and toluene, as well as in technical-grade alcohols, alcohol-water mixtures and in neat water. Various metathesis reactions, including ring-closing, cross- and enyne metathesis, were conducted in these solvents in the presence of air. In addition, the Ru catalyst can act as an inisurf (initiator and surfactant) molecule, promoting metathesis under heterogeneous aqueous conditions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lukasz Gułajski
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, Polish Academy of Sciences, Kasprzaka 44/52, 01-224 Warsaw, Poland
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
30
|
Mingotaud AF, Mingotaud C, Moussa W. Characterization of the micellar ring opening metathesis polymerization in water of a norbornene derivative initiated by Hoveyda-Grubbs' catalyst. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2008. [DOI: 10.1002/pola.22617] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
|
31
|
Papp I, Dernedde J, Enders S, Haag R. Modular synthesis of multivalent glycoarchitectures and their unique selectin binding behavior. Chem Commun (Camb) 2008:5851-3. [PMID: 19009103 DOI: 10.1039/b813414f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 87] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ilona Papp
- Freie Universität Berlin, Institut für Chemie und Biochemie, Takustrasse 3, 14195, Berlin, Germany
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
32
|
Affiliation(s)
- Si Kyung Yang
- School of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, and Department of Chemistry and Molecular Design Institute, New York University, New York, New York 10003
| | - Marcus Weck
- School of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, and Department of Chemistry and Molecular Design Institute, New York University, New York, New York 10003
| |
Collapse
|
33
|
Lambeth RH, Moore JS. Light-Induced Shape Changes in Azobenzene Functionalized Polymers Prepared by Ring-Opening Metathesis Polymerization. Macromolecules 2007. [DOI: 10.1021/ma062680h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Robert H. Lambeth
- The Department of Chemistry & The Beckman Institute for Advanced Science and Technology, The University of Illinois at Urbana−Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801
| | - Jeffrey S. Moore
- The Department of Chemistry & The Beckman Institute for Advanced Science and Technology, The University of Illinois at Urbana−Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801
| |
Collapse
|
34
|
|
35
|
Morandi G, Mantovani G, Montembault V, Haddleton DM, Fontaine L. Synthesis of graft copolymers from α-oxanorbornenyl macromonomers. NEW J CHEM 2007. [DOI: 10.1039/b705245f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
|
36
|
From Drug Cocktails to Tissue Engineering: Synthesis of ROMP Polymers for Biomedical Applications. METATHESIS CHEMISTRY 2007. [DOI: 10.1007/978-1-4020-6091-5_17] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/10/2023]
|
37
|
Biagini SCG, Parry AL. Investigation into the ROMP copolymerization of peptide- and PEG-functionalized norbornene derivatives. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2007. [DOI: 10.1002/pola.22068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
|
38
|
New polyelectrolytes by ring-opening metathesis polymerization of norbornene derivatives with imidazolium functionalized oligo-alkylether pendant groups. REACT FUNCT POLYM 2007. [DOI: 10.1016/j.reactfunctpolym.2006.08.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
|
39
|
Vázquez-Dorbatt V, Maynard HD. Biotinylated glycopolymers synthesized by atom transfer radical polymerization. Biomacromolecules 2006; 7:2297-302. [PMID: 16903674 DOI: 10.1021/bm060105f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 107] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
Biotinylated glycopolymers that bind to the protein streptavidin were synthesized by atom transfer radical polymerization (ATRP). Poly(methacrylate)s with pendent N-acetyl-d-glucosamines were prepared by polymerizing the protected monomer, followed by deprotection. Alternatively, the unprotected monomer was directly polymerized. Both paths provided well-defined glycopolymers with narrow molecular weight distributions (PDI = 1.07-1.23). The number-average molecular weights determined by gel permeation chromatography increased with increasing initial monomer-to-initiator ratios. The polymers were synthesized using a biotin-functionalized initiator for ATRP. Confirmation of the end group and binding to the protein streptavidin was achieved by (1)H NMR and surface plamon resonance.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Vimary Vázquez-Dorbatt
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry and California Nanosystems Institute, University of California, Los Angeles, 607 Charles E. Young Drive East, Los Angeles, California 90095-1569, USA
| | | |
Collapse
|
40
|
South CR, Higley MN, Leung KCF, Lanari D, Nelson A, Grubbs RH, Stoddart JF, Weck M. Self-Assembly with Block Copolymers through Metal Coordination of SCS–PdII Pincer Complexes and Pseudorotaxane Formation. Chemistry 2006; 12:3789-97. [PMID: 16550627 DOI: 10.1002/chem.200501028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
Poly(norbornene)-based block copolymers containing side chains of palladated pincer complexes/dibenzo[24]crown-8 or palladated pincer complexes/dibenzylammonium salts were synthesized. Noncovalent functionalization was accomplished with their corresponding recognition units through simple 1:1 addition with association constants (Ka) greater than 10(5) m(-1). The self-assembly processes were monitored by using both 1H NMR spectroscopy and isothermal titration calorimetry. In all cases, we found that the self-assembly of the recognition units along each polymer block does not preclude the self-assembly processes along the other block.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Clinton R South
- School of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332-0400, USA
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
41
|
Sato K, Hada N, Takeda T. Syntheses of new peptidic glycoclusters derived from β-alanine: di- and trimerized glycoclusters and glycocluster–clusters. Carbohydr Res 2006; 341:836-45. [PMID: 16530741 DOI: 10.1016/j.carres.2006.02.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2005] [Accepted: 02/16/2006] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
Fluorescence-labeled glycoclusters 1 and 2 have been synthesized to elongate glycocluster units that contain beta-alanine derivative 6 and sugar unit 7. Similarly, di- and trimerized glycoclusters 3 and 4 have been obtained by coupling glycocluster 17 with succinyl chloride and/or trimesoyl chloride, respectively. Furthermore, glycocluster-cluster 5 was also synthesized by a convergent growth approach.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Koji Sato
- Kyoritsu University of Pharmacy, 1-5-30 Shibakoen, Minato-ku, Tokyo 105-8512, Japan
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
42
|
Kiessling LL, Gestwicki JE, Strong LE. Synthetische multivalente Liganden als Sonden für die Signaltransduktion. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2006. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.200502794] [Citation(s) in RCA: 122] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
|
43
|
Kiessling LL, Gestwicki JE, Strong LE. Synthetic multivalent ligands as probes of signal transduction. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2006; 45:2348-68. [PMID: 16557636 PMCID: PMC2842921 DOI: 10.1002/anie.200502794] [Citation(s) in RCA: 687] [Impact Index Per Article: 38.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Cell-surface receptors acquire information from the extracellular environment and coordinate intracellular responses. Many receptors do not operate as individual entities, but rather as part of dimeric or oligomeric complexes. Coupling the functions of multiple receptors may endow signaling pathways with the sensitivity and malleability required to govern cellular responses. Moreover, multireceptor signaling complexes may provide a means of spatially segregating otherwise degenerate signaling cascades. Understanding the mechanisms, extent, and consequences of receptor co-localization and interreceptor communication is critical; chemical synthesis can provide compounds to address the role of receptor assembly in signal transduction. Multivalent ligands can be generated that possess a variety of sizes, shapes, valencies, orientations, and densities of binding elements. This Review focuses on the use of synthetic multivalent ligands to characterize receptor function.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Laura L Kiessling
- Department of Chemistry, University of Wisconsin--Madison, 1101 University Ave., Madison, WI 53706, USA.
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
44
|
Gao Y, Kogler FR, Peterlik H, Schubert U. Ring-opening metathesis polymerizations with norbornene carboxylate-substituted metal oxo clusters. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2006. [DOI: 10.1039/b518277h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
|
45
|
Katajisto J, Lönnberg H. Solid-Phase Synthesis of CyclicC-Glycoside/Amino Acid Hybrids by Carbamate Coupling Chemistry and On-Support Cyclization. European J Org Chem 2005. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.200500273] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
|
46
|
Affiliation(s)
- Caroline Burd
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332-0400
| | - Marcus Weck
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332-0400
| |
Collapse
|
47
|
Rele SM, Cui W, Wang L, Hou S, Barr-Zarse G, Tatton D, Gnanou Y, Esko JD, Chaikof EL. Dendrimer-like PEO glycopolymers exhibit anti-inflammatory properties. J Am Chem Soc 2005; 127:10132-3. [PMID: 16028900 PMCID: PMC2556565 DOI: 10.1021/ja0511974] [Citation(s) in RCA: 112] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
A new class of high molecular weight polysulfated PEO dendrimer-like glycopolymer has been synthesized by a combination of arm-first and core-first methodologies followed by trichloroacetimidate glycosidation as a facile bioconjugation strategy. An L-selectin antagonist was identified that exhibits 103-fold greater activity than other multivalent sLex glycopolymers and 20-50 times greater potency than other linear heparinoids. A significant reduction in inflammatory cell recruitment was observed in vivo.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shyam M. Rele
- Departments of Surgery and Biomedical Engineering, Emory University and School of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30322
| | - Wanxing Cui
- Departments of Surgery and Biomedical Engineering, Emory University and School of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30322
| | - Lianchun Wang
- Departments of Surgery and Biomedical Engineering, Emory University and School of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30322
| | - Sijian Hou
- Departments of Surgery and Biomedical Engineering, Emory University and School of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30322
| | - Ginger Barr-Zarse
- Departments of Surgery and Biomedical Engineering, Emory University and School of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30322
| | - Daniel Tatton
- Departments of Surgery and Biomedical Engineering, Emory University and School of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30322
| | - Yves Gnanou
- Departments of Surgery and Biomedical Engineering, Emory University and School of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30322
| | - Jeffrey D. Esko
- Departments of Surgery and Biomedical Engineering, Emory University and School of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30322
| | - Elliot L. Chaikof
- Departments of Surgery and Biomedical Engineering, Emory University and School of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30322
| |
Collapse
|
48
|
Carlise JR, Kriegel RM, Rees WS, Weck M. Synthesis and Hydrolysis Behavior of Side-Chain Functionalized Norbornenes. J Org Chem 2005; 70:5550-60. [PMID: 15989337 DOI: 10.1021/jo050556a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
[reaction: see text] The stabilities of various functionalized norbornenes that are monomers for the ring-opening metathesis polymerization (ROMP) in aqueous solution were evaluated toward hydrolysis under a range of temperatures (37, 60, and 80 degrees C) and pH values (3-9). All monomers contain hydrolyzable linkages to pendant functional groups, and conclusions were drawn relating to how the chemical diversity of these pendant functional groups, in accordance with the pH and temperature variations, affect hydrolysis of the aforementioned linkages. The hydrolysis was monitored by reverse phase HPLC analysis, and/or NMR spectroscopy. As expected, monomers containing ester linkages were fairly labile at higher pH values, while acetal-based linkers were cleaved at lower pH values. Beta-amino ester groups experienced a significant increase in hydrolysis rate, while carboxylic acid-containing monomers did not follow any clear trend. Saccharide-containing monomers exhibited unique behaviors for various pH values and temperature ranges.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Joseph R Carlise
- School of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332-0400, USA
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
49
|
Opris DM, Franke P, Schlüter AD. Shape-Persistent Macrocycles with Bipyridine Units: Progress in Accessibility and Widening of Applicability. European J Org Chem 2005. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.200400744] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
|
50
|
Gardiner JM. The therapeutic potential of synthetic multivalent carbohydrates. Expert Opin Investig Drugs 2005; 7:405-11. [PMID: 15991981 DOI: 10.1517/13543784.7.3.405] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Recent progress has been made in constructing synthetic multivalent carbohydrate ligands targeted at known or probable multivalent carbohydrate ligand receptors. Multivalency can dramatically compensate for the weak affinities of individual carbohydrate ligand moieties. Multivalent branched ligand mimetics have been described bearing multiple mannoside, galactoside, lactoside and Sialyl Lewis X (SLe(x)) moieties. New methods for polymeric backbone construction have provided glyco-polymers of defined and controllable size. Promising examples of multivalent ligands giving significant increases in binding potency are being pursued. These types of agents have extensive therapeutic potential in treating infectious diseases or host abnormalities, and also offer exciting potential as drug-conjugate cell-targeting agents.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- J M Gardiner
- University of Manchester Institute of Science & Technology, UK
| |
Collapse
|