1
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Maag H, Lemcke DJ, Wahl JM. Ring opening of photogenerated azetidinols as a strategy for the synthesis of aminodioxolanes. Beilstein J Org Chem 2024; 20:1671-1676. [PMID: 39076297 PMCID: PMC11285075 DOI: 10.3762/bjoc.20.148] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2024] [Accepted: 07/11/2024] [Indexed: 07/31/2024] Open
Abstract
α-Aminoacetophenones are identified as promising building blocks for the synthesis of highly substituted dioxolanes. The presented strategy is founded on the build and release of molecular strain and achieves a formal transposition of a methyl group. During light irradiation, 3-phenylazetidinols are forged as reaction intermediates, which readily undergo ring opening upon the addition of electron-deficient ketones or boronic acids. Key to the successful development of this two-step process is the identification of a benzhydryl-protecting group, which orchestrates the photochemical Norrish-Yang cyclization and facilitates the subsequent ring opening.
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Affiliation(s)
- Henning Maag
- Department Chemie, Johannes Gutenberg-Universität, Duesbergweg 10–14, 55128 Mainz, Germany
| | - Daniel J Lemcke
- Department Chemie, Johannes Gutenberg-Universität, Duesbergweg 10–14, 55128 Mainz, Germany
| | - Johannes M Wahl
- Department Chemie, Johannes Gutenberg-Universität, Duesbergweg 10–14, 55128 Mainz, Germany
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2
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Scesa PD, Roche SP, West L. Enantioselective Synthesis of (+)-Providencin and Its Unexpected Regioisomer via a Biomimetic Norrish-Yang Cyclization from (-)-Bipinnatin E. Org Lett 2024; 26:1123-1127. [PMID: 38096813 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.3c03604] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/17/2024]
Abstract
A biomimetic semisynthesis of the diterpenoid (+)-providencin (2) and the unexpected novel C14 regioisomer 3 was achieved by photoirradiation of the proposed biosynthetic cembranoid precursor (-)-bipinnatin E (1). The absolute configuration assignments of 1 and 2 by correlation were established by X-ray analysis. A combination of NOESY data and photochemical reaction results revealed that both C2 and C14 positions of the macrocycle (-)-1 are suitable for hydrogen abstraction, thus affording an explanation to the mixture of cyclobutane photoproduct isomers obtained by a Norrish-Yang cyclization. These results also support the proposed biosynthetic hypothesis describing the genuine photochemical transformation of (-)-1 into (+)-2, without refuting that both regioisomer products 2/3 might be artifacts of isolation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paul D Scesa
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Florida Atlantic University, Boca Raton, Florida 33431, United States
| | - Stéphane P Roche
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Florida Atlantic University, Boca Raton, Florida 33431, United States
| | - Lyndon West
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Florida Atlantic University, Boca Raton, Florida 33431, United States
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3
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Khadka D, Jayasinghe-Arachchige VM, Prabhakar R, Ramamurthy V. Application of molecular dynamic simulations in modeling the excited state behavior of confined molecules. Photochem Photobiol Sci 2023:10.1007/s43630-023-00486-2. [PMID: 37843722 DOI: 10.1007/s43630-023-00486-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2023] [Accepted: 09/20/2023] [Indexed: 10/17/2023]
Abstract
Relative to isotropic organic solvent medium, the structure and conformation of a reactant molecule in an organized and confining medium are often different. In addition, because of the rigidity of the immediate environment, the reacting molecule have a little freedom to undergo large changes even upon gaining energy or modifications in the electronic structure. These alterations give rise to differences in the photochemistry of a molecular and supramolecular species. In this study, one such example is presented. α-Alkyl dibenzylketones upon excitation in isotropic solvents give products via Norrish type I and type II reactions that are independent of the chain length of the alkyl substituent. On the other hand, when these molecules are enclosed within an organic capsule of volume ~ 550 Å3, they give products that are strikingly dependent on the length of the α-alkyl substitution. These previously reported experimental observations are rationalized based on the structures generated by molecular modeling (docking and molecular dynamics (MD) simulations). It is shown that MD simulations that are utilized extensively in biologically important macromolecules can also be useful to understand the excited state behavior of reactive molecules that are part of supramolecular assemblies. These simulations can provide structural information of the reactant molecule and the surroundings complementing that with the one obtained from 1 and 2D NMR experiments. MD simulated structures of seven α-alkyl dibenzylketones encapsulated within the octa acid capsule provide a clear understanding of their unique behavior in this restricted medium. Because of the rigidity of the medium, these structures although generated in the ground state can rationalize the photochemical behavior of the molecules in the excited state.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dipendra Khadka
- Department of Chemistry, University of Miami, Coral Gables, FL, 33124, USA
| | | | - Rajeev Prabhakar
- Department of Chemistry, University of Miami, Coral Gables, FL, 33124, USA.
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4
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Di Sabato A, D’Acunzo F, Filippini D, Vetica F, Brasiello A, Corinti D, Bodo E, Michenzi C, Panzetta E, Gentili P. Unusually Chemoselective Photocyclization of 2-(Hydroxyimino)aldehydes to Cyclobutanol Oximes: Synthetic, Stereochemical, and Mechanistic Aspects. J Org Chem 2022; 87:13803-13818. [PMID: 36198009 PMCID: PMC9639046 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.2c01503] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Photocyclization of carbonyl compounds (known as the Norrish-Yang reaction) to yield cyclobutanols is, in general, accompanied by fragmentation reactions. The latter are predominant in the case of aldehydes so that secondary cyclobutanols are not considered accessible via the straightforward Norrish-Yang reaction. A noteworthy exception has been reported in our laboratory, where cyclobutanols bearing a secondary alcohol function were observed upon UV light irradiation of 2-(hydroxyimino)aldehydes (HIAs). This reaction is here investigated in detail by combining synthesis, spectroscopic data, molecular dynamics, and DFT calculations. The synthetic methodology is generally applicable to a series of HIAs, affording the corresponding cyclobutanol oximes (CBOs) chemoselectively (i.e., without sizable fragmentation side-reactions), diastereoselectively (up to >99:1), and in good to excellent yields (up to 95%). CBO oxime ether derivatives can be purified and diastereomers isolated by standard column chromatography. The mechanistic and stereochemical picture of this photocyclization reaction, as well as of the postcyclization E/Z isomerization of the oxime double bond is completed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonio Di Sabato
- Department
of Chemistry, Sapienza University of Rome, Piazzale Aldo Moro 5, 00185 Rome, Italy,Institute
of Biological Systems (ISB), Sezione Meccanismi di Reazione, Italian
National Research Council (CNR), c/o Department of Chemistry, Sapienza University of Rome, Piazzale Aldo Moro 5, 00185 Rome, Italy
| | - Francesca D’Acunzo
- Institute
of Biological Systems (ISB), Sezione Meccanismi di Reazione, Italian
National Research Council (CNR), c/o Department of Chemistry, Sapienza University of Rome, Piazzale Aldo Moro 5, 00185 Rome, Italy
| | - Dario Filippini
- Department
of Chemistry, Sapienza University of Rome, Piazzale Aldo Moro 5, 00185 Rome, Italy
| | - Fabrizio Vetica
- Department
of Chemistry, Sapienza University of Rome, Piazzale Aldo Moro 5, 00185 Rome, Italy,
| | - Antonio Brasiello
- Department
of Chemical Engineering Materials Environment, Sapienza University of Rome, via Eudossiana 18, 00184 Rome, Italy
| | - Davide Corinti
- Department
of Chemistry and Technology of Drugs, Sapienza
University of Rome, Piazzale
Aldo Moro 5, 00185 Rome, Italy
| | - Enrico Bodo
- Department
of Chemistry, Sapienza University of Rome, Piazzale Aldo Moro 5, 00185 Rome, Italy
| | - Cinzia Michenzi
- Department
of Chemistry, Sapienza University of Rome, Piazzale Aldo Moro 5, 00185 Rome, Italy
| | - Edoardo Panzetta
- Department
of Chemistry, Sapienza University of Rome, Piazzale Aldo Moro 5, 00185 Rome, Italy
| | - Patrizia Gentili
- Department
of Chemistry, Sapienza University of Rome, Piazzale Aldo Moro 5, 00185 Rome, Italy,Institute
of Biological Systems (ISB), Sezione Meccanismi di Reazione, Italian
National Research Council (CNR), c/o Department of Chemistry, Sapienza University of Rome, Piazzale Aldo Moro 5, 00185 Rome, Italy,
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5
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Alvarez-Dorta D, León EI, Martín Á, Kennedy AR, Pérez-Martín I, Shankland K, Suárez E. Regio- and Stereoselectivity of the Norrish-Yang Photocyclization of Dialkyl 1,2-Diketones: Solution versus Solid State Photochemistry of Two Polymorphs. J Org Chem 2022; 87:14940-14947. [PMID: 36283069 PMCID: PMC9639068 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.2c01855] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
As shown by X-ray crystallography, crystals of 3β-acetoxy-16,17-seco-17,20-dioxopregn-5-ene-16-nitrile are dimorphic. The regioselectivity of the Norrish-Yang type II photocyclization under visible light of this steroidal 1,2-diketone, which bears primary, secondary, and tertiary nonequivalent abstractable γ-hydrogens, dramatically increases in the crystalline state of both polymorphs. X-ray crystallography and molecular mechanics calculations reveal crystal structure-solid state photochemistry relationships.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dimitri Alvarez-Dorta
- Síntesis
de Productos Naturales, Instituto de Productos
Naturales y Agrobiología del CSIC, Avda. Astrofísico Francisco Sánchez
3, 38206 La Laguna, Tenerife, Spain
| | - Elisa I. León
- Síntesis
de Productos Naturales, Instituto de Productos
Naturales y Agrobiología del CSIC, Avda. Astrofísico Francisco Sánchez
3, 38206 La Laguna, Tenerife, Spain,
| | - Ángeles Martín
- Síntesis
de Productos Naturales, Instituto de Productos
Naturales y Agrobiología del CSIC, Avda. Astrofísico Francisco Sánchez
3, 38206 La Laguna, Tenerife, Spain
| | - Alan R. Kennedy
- WestCHEM
Department of Pure and Applied Chemistry, University of Strathclyde, Glasgow G1 1XL, Scotland, United Kingdom
| | - Inés Pérez-Martín
- Síntesis
de Productos Naturales, Instituto de Productos
Naturales y Agrobiología del CSIC, Avda. Astrofísico Francisco Sánchez
3, 38206 La Laguna, Tenerife, Spain
| | - Kenneth Shankland
- School
of Pharmacy, University of Reading, Reading RG6 6AD, United Kingdom
| | - Ernesto Suárez
- Síntesis
de Productos Naturales, Instituto de Productos
Naturales y Agrobiología del CSIC, Avda. Astrofísico Francisco Sánchez
3, 38206 La Laguna, Tenerife, Spain,
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6
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Khadka D, Kulasekharan R, Ramamurthy V. Role of Supramolecular Steric Compression During Photoinduced Intramolecular Hydrogen Abstraction Reactions of Ketones and Thioketones. J Photochem Photobiol A Chem 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jphotochem.2022.114442] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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7
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Konieczny KA, Bąkowicz J, Paliwoda D, Warren MR, Ciesielski A, Cyrański MK, Turowska-Tyrk I. Structural reasons for the formation of multicomponent products and the influence of high pressure. ACTA CRYSTALLOGRAPHICA SECTION B, STRUCTURAL SCIENCE, CRYSTAL ENGINEERING AND MATERIALS 2021; 77:321-330. [PMID: 34096513 DOI: 10.1107/s2052520621004492] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2021] [Accepted: 04/27/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
(S)-(-)-1-Phenylethanaminium 4-(2,4,6-triisopropylbenzoyl)benzoate (S-PEATPBB) undergoes a photochemical reaction in its crystalline form upon UV irradiation and forms three different products: the first product is the result of a Yang cyclization with the participation of the δ-H atom of o-isopropyl (product D) and the second and third products are obtained via a Norrish-Yang reaction with the involvement of the γ-H atom of 2-isopropyl (product P) and 6-isopropyl (product Z). These products are formed in different proportions (D > P >> Z). The path and kinetics of the reaction were monitored step-by-step using crystallographic methods, both under ambient and high-pressure conditions. The reactivity of S-PEATPBB depends strongly on the geometry of the reaction centre and the volume of the reaction cavity. Due to the geometrical preferences making the cyclization reaction easier to proceed, product D dominates over the other products, while the formation of product Z becomes difficult or almost impossible at high pressure. The reaction proceeds with an increase of the unit-cell volume, which, suppressed by high pressure, results in a significant decrease of the reaction rate. The crystal lattice of S-PEATPBB shows high elasticity. The quality of the partially reacted crystal remains the same after decompression from 0.75 GPa to 0.1 MPa.
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Affiliation(s)
- Krzysztof A Konieczny
- Advanced Materials Engineering and Modelling Group, Wrocław University of Science and Technology, Wybrzeże Wyspiańskiego 27, Wrocław 50-370, Poland
| | - Julia Bąkowicz
- Advanced Materials Engineering and Modelling Group, Wrocław University of Science and Technology, Wybrzeże Wyspiańskiego 27, Wrocław 50-370, Poland
| | - Damian Paliwoda
- ICGM, Université de Montpellier, CNRS, ENSCM, 34095 Montpellier, France
| | - Mark R Warren
- Diamond Light Source, Harwell Campus, Chilton, Oxfordshire OX11 0DE, United Kingdom
| | | | - Michał K Cyrański
- Faculty of Chemistry, University of Warsaw, Pasteura 1, Warsaw 02-093, Poland
| | - Ilona Turowska-Tyrk
- Advanced Materials Engineering and Modelling Group, Wrocław University of Science and Technology, Wybrzeże Wyspiańskiego 27, Wrocław 50-370, Poland
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8
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Ghorbani F, Harry SA, Capilato JN, Pitts CR, Joram J, Peters GN, Tovar JD, Smajlagic I, Siegler MA, Dudding T, Lectka T. Carbonyl-Directed Aliphatic Fluorination: A Special Type of Hydrogen Atom Transfer Beats Out Norrish II. J Am Chem Soc 2020; 142:14710-14724. [PMID: 32786786 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.0c07004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Recently, our group reported that enone and ketone functional groups, upon photoexcitation, can direct site-selective sp3 C-H fluorination in terpenoid derivatives. How this transformation actually occurred remained mysterious, as a significant number of mechanistic possibilities came to mind. Herein, we report a comprehensive study describing the reaction mechanism through kinetic studies, isotope-labeling experiments, 19F NMR, electrochemical studies, synthetic probes, and computational experiments. To our surprise, the mechanism suggests intermolecular hydrogen atom transfer (HAT) chemistry is at play, rather than classical Norrish hydrogen atom abstraction as initially conceived. What is more, we discovered a unique role for photopromoters such as benzil and related compounds that necessitates their chemical transformation through fluorination in order to be effective. Our findings provide documentation of an unusual form of directed HAT and are of crucial importance for defining the necessary parameters for the development of future methods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fereshte Ghorbani
- Department of Chemistry, Johns Hopkins University, 3400 N. Charles Street, Baltimore, Maryland 21218, United States
| | - Stefan Andrew Harry
- Department of Chemistry, Johns Hopkins University, 3400 N. Charles Street, Baltimore, Maryland 21218, United States
| | - Joseph N Capilato
- Department of Chemistry, Johns Hopkins University, 3400 N. Charles Street, Baltimore, Maryland 21218, United States
| | - Cody Ross Pitts
- Department of Chemistry, Johns Hopkins University, 3400 N. Charles Street, Baltimore, Maryland 21218, United States
| | - Jacob Joram
- Department of Chemistry, Johns Hopkins University, 3400 N. Charles Street, Baltimore, Maryland 21218, United States
| | - Garvin N Peters
- Department of Chemistry, Johns Hopkins University, 3400 N. Charles Street, Baltimore, Maryland 21218, United States
| | - John D Tovar
- Department of Chemistry, Johns Hopkins University, 3400 N. Charles Street, Baltimore, Maryland 21218, United States
| | - Ivor Smajlagic
- Department of Chemistry, Brock University, 1812 Sir Isaac Brock Way, St. Catharines, Ontario L2S 3A1, Canada
| | - Maxime A Siegler
- Department of Chemistry, Johns Hopkins University, 3400 N. Charles Street, Baltimore, Maryland 21218, United States
| | - Travis Dudding
- Department of Chemistry, Brock University, 1812 Sir Isaac Brock Way, St. Catharines, Ontario L2S 3A1, Canada
| | - Thomas Lectka
- Department of Chemistry, Johns Hopkins University, 3400 N. Charles Street, Baltimore, Maryland 21218, United States
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9
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Hipwell VM, Garcia-Garibay MA. Mechanistic Studies of Adamantylacetophenones with Competing Reaction Pathways in Solution and in the Crystalline Solid State. J Org Chem 2019; 84:11103-11113. [PMID: 31412205 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.9b01720] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Photochemical reactions in crystals occur under conditions of highly restricted molecular mobility such that only one product is generally obtained, even when there are many others that can be observed in the gas phase or in solution. A series of 2-(1-adamantyl)-o-alkyl-acetophenones with γ-hydrogen atoms on both the adamantyl and ortho aromatic groups was selected to determine whether one can engineer and observe competing Norrish type II reaction pathways in the crystalline state. It was shown that excited state competition for hydrogen abstraction between secondary adamantyl and benzylic hydrogens is affected not only by the relative bond dissociation energies but also by the molecular conformation in the crystal. The subsequent fate of the resulting biradical species is determined by competition between radical recombination to form the photoproduct and reverse hydrogen atom transfer to regenerate the starting ketone. Crystallographic information, photoproduct distributions in solution and in the solid state, and the results of multiple mechanistic experiments, including transient absorption spectroscopy in acetonitrile and with nanocrystals suspended in water, are reported. The results demonstrate that it is possible to engineer competing reactions in crystals and that consideration of all of the aforementioned factors is necessary to account for the observed photoproduct selectivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vince M Hipwell
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry , University of California , Los Angeles , California 90095-1569 , United States
| | - Miguel A Garcia-Garibay
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry , University of California , Los Angeles , California 90095-1569 , United States
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10
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Yamada S, Oshima Y, Fujita Y, Tsuzuki S. The tetraalkylammonium-accelerated Norrish-Yang photocyclization of 2-substituted acetophenones. Tetrahedron Lett 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetlet.2019.05.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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11
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Structural Transformations in Crystals Induced by Radiation and Pressure. Part 7. Molecular and Crystal Geometries as Factors Deciding about Photochemical Reactivity under Ambient and High Pressures. CRYSTALS 2018. [DOI: 10.3390/cryst8070299] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
We studied the photochemical reactivity of salts of 4-(2,4,6-triisopropylbenzoyl)benzoic acid with propane-1,2-diamine (1), methanamine (2), cyclohexanamine (3), and morpholine (4), for compounds (1), (3), and (4) at 0.1 MPa and for compounds (1) and (2) at 1.3 GPa and 1.0 GPa, respectively. The changes in the values of the unit cell parameters after UV irradiation and the values of the intramolecular geometrical parameters indicated the possibility of the occurrence of the Norrish–Yang reaction in the case of all the compounds. The analysis of the intramolecular geometry and free spaces revealed which o-isopropyl group takes part in the reaction. For (1), the same o-isopropyl group should be reactive at ambient and high pressures. In the case of (2), high pressure caused the phase transition from the space group I2/a with one molecule in the asymmetric unit cell to the space group P1¯ with two asymmetric molecules. The analysis of voids indicated that the Norrish–Yang reaction is less probable for one of the two molecules. For the other molecule, the intramolecular geometrical parameters showed that except for the Norrish–Yang reaction, the concurrent reaction leading to the formation of a five-membered ring can also proceed. In (3), both o-isopropyl groups are able to react; however, the bigger volume of a void near 2-isopropyl may be the factor determining the reactivity. For (4), only one o-isopropyl should be reactive.
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12
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Taniguchi T, Kubota A, Moritoki T, Asahi T, Koshima H. Two-step photomechanical motion of a dibenzobarrelene crystal. RSC Adv 2018; 8:34314-34320. [PMID: 35548618 PMCID: PMC9086938 DOI: 10.1039/c8ra06639f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2018] [Accepted: 10/01/2018] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Upon light irradiation, a dibenzobarrelene crystal quickly bent, and then slowly bent towards the opposite direction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takuya Taniguchi
- Department of Advanced Science and Engineering
- Graduate School of Advanced Science and Engineering
- Waseda University
- Tokyo 169-8555
- Japan
| | - Ayumi Kubota
- Department of Life Science and Medical Bioscience
- School of Advanced Science and Engineering
- Waseda University
- Tokyo 169-8555
- Japan
| | - Tatsuya Moritoki
- Department of Materials Science and Biotechnology
- Graduate School of Science and Engineering
- Ehime University
- Ehime 790-8577
- Japan
| | - Toru Asahi
- Department of Advanced Science and Engineering
- Graduate School of Advanced Science and Engineering
- Waseda University
- Tokyo 169-8555
- Japan
| | - Hideko Koshima
- Research Organization for Nano & Life Innovation
- Waseda University
- Tokyo 162-0041
- Japan
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13
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Konieczny K, Bąkowicz J, Galica T, Siedlecka R, Turowska-Tyrk I. The reasons for the photochemical behaviour of propylamine 4-(2,4,6-triisopropylbenzoyl)benzoate during the Norrish–Yang reaction. CrystEngComm 2017. [DOI: 10.1039/c7ce00558j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Intermolecular interactions are responsible for the direction of the Norrish–Yang reaction.
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Affiliation(s)
- K. Konieczny
- Faculty of Chemistry
- Wrocław University of Science and Technology
- 50-370 Wrocław
- Poland
| | - J. Bąkowicz
- Faculty of Chemistry
- Wrocław University of Science and Technology
- 50-370 Wrocław
- Poland
| | - T. Galica
- Faculty of Chemistry
- Wrocław University of Science and Technology
- 50-370 Wrocław
- Poland
| | - R. Siedlecka
- Faculty of Chemistry
- Wrocław University of Science and Technology
- 50-370 Wrocław
- Poland
| | - I. Turowska-Tyrk
- Faculty of Chemistry
- Wrocław University of Science and Technology
- 50-370 Wrocław
- Poland
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14
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Oelgemöller M, Hoffmann N. Studies in organic and physical photochemistry - an interdisciplinary approach. Org Biomol Chem 2016; 14:7392-442. [PMID: 27381273 DOI: 10.1039/c6ob00842a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Traditionally, organic photochemistry when applied to synthesis strongly interacts with physical chemistry. The aim of this review is to illustrate this very fruitful interdisciplinary approach and cooperation. A profound understanding of the photochemical reactivity and reaction mechanisms is particularly helpful for optimization and application of these reactions. Some typical reactions and particular aspects are reported such as the Norrish-Type II reaction and the Yang cyclization and related transformations, the [2 + 2] photocycloadditions, particularly the Paternò-Büchi reaction, photochemical electron transfer induced transformations, different kinds of catalytic reactions such as photoredox catalysis for organic synthesis and photooxygenation are discussed. Particular aspects such as the structure and reactivity of aryl cations, photochemical reactions in the crystalline state, chiral memory, different mechanisms of hydrogen transfer in photochemical reactions or fundamental aspects of stereoselectivity are discussed. Photochemical reactions are also investigated in the context of chemical engineering. Particularly, continuous flow reactors are of interest. Novel reactor systems are developed and modeling of photochemical transformations and different reactors play a key role in such studies. This research domain builds a bridge between fundamental studies of organic photochemical reactions and their industrial application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael Oelgemöller
- James Cook University, College of Science and Engineering, Townsville, QLD 4811, Australia.
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15
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Konieczny K, Bąkowicz J, Turowska-Tyrk I. Structural transformations in crystals induced by radiation and pressure. Part 3. The pressure-induced structural changes versus the rate of the Norrish-Yang reaction in crystals. J Photochem Photobiol A Chem 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jphotochem.2016.03.038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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16
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Christmann M, Hu J, Kitamura M, Stoltz B. Tetrahedron reports on organic chemistry. Tetrahedron 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/s0040-4020(15)00744-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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17
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Ramamurthy V, Mondal B. Supramolecular photochemistry concepts highlighted with select examples. JOURNAL OF PHOTOCHEMISTRY AND PHOTOBIOLOGY C-PHOTOCHEMISTRY REVIEWS 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jphotochemrev.2015.04.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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18
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Konieczny K, Bąkowicz J, Turowska-Tyrk I. The crystal and molecular structure of sodium 4-(2,4,6-triisopropylbenzoyl)benzoate in terms of the photochemical behaviour of the anion. Acta Crystallogr C Struct Chem 2015; 71:410-4. [PMID: 25940899 DOI: 10.1107/s2053229615008141] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2015] [Accepted: 04/23/2015] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Contrary to the known 4-(2,4,6-triisopropylbenzoyl)benzoate salts, di-μ-aqua-bis[tetraaquasodium(I)] bis[4-(2,4,6-triisopropylbenzoyl)benzoate] dihydrate, [Na2(H2O)10](C23H27O3)2·2H2O, (1), does not undergo a photochemical Norrish-Yang reaction in the crystalline state. In order to explain this photochemical inactivity, the intermolecular interactions were analyzed by means of the Hirshfeld surface and intramolecular geometrical parameters describing the possibility of a Norrish-Yang reaction were calculated. The reasons for the behaviour of the title salt are similar crystalline environments for both the o-isopropyl groups in the anion, resulting in similar geometrical parameters and orientations, and that these interaction distances differ significantly from those found in salts where the photochemical reaction occurs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Krzysztof Konieczny
- Faculty of Chemistry, Wrocław University of Technology, Wybrzeże Wyspiańskiego 27, Wrocław 50-370, Poland
| | - Julia Bąkowicz
- Faculty of Chemistry, Wrocław University of Technology, Wybrzeże Wyspiańskiego 27, Wrocław 50-370, Poland
| | - Ilona Turowska-Tyrk
- Faculty of Chemistry, Wrocław University of Technology, Wybrzeże Wyspiańskiego 27, Wrocław 50-370, Poland
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Alvarez-Dorta D, León EI, Kennedy AR, Martín A, Pérez-Martín I, Riesco-Fagundo C, Suárez E. Photochemistry of α-Diketones in Carbohydrates: Anomalous Norrish Type II Photoelimination and Norrish-Yang Photocyclization Promoted by the Internal Carbonyl Group. Chemistry 2014; 20:2663-71. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201303843] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2013] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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20
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Steering photochemical reactivity of 2,4,6-triisopropylbenzophenonate anion in a crystalline state. J Photochem Photobiol A Chem 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jphotochem.2013.09.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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21
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Yamada S, Iwaoka A, Fujita Y, Tsuzuki S. Tetraalkylammonium-Templated Stereoselective Norrish–Yang Cyclization. Org Lett 2013; 15:5994-7. [DOI: 10.1021/ol4028732] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Shinji Yamada
- Department of Chemistry, Ochanomizu University, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 112-8610, Japan, and National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8568, Japan
| | - Azusa Iwaoka
- Department of Chemistry, Ochanomizu University, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 112-8610, Japan, and National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8568, Japan
| | - Yuka Fujita
- Department of Chemistry, Ochanomizu University, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 112-8610, Japan, and National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8568, Japan
| | - Seiji Tsuzuki
- Department of Chemistry, Ochanomizu University, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 112-8610, Japan, and National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8568, Japan
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22
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Stoltz B, Motherwell W. Tetrahedron reports on organic chemistry. Tetrahedron 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/s0040-4020(13)01252-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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23
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Alvarez-Dorta D, León EI, Kennedy AR, Martín A, Pérez-Martín I, Riesco-Fagundo C, Suárez E. Sequential Norrish Type II Photoelimination and Intramolecular Aldol Cyclization of α-Diketones: Synthesis of Polyhydroxylated Cyclopentitols by Ring Contraction of Hexopyranose Carbohydrate Derivatives. Chemistry 2013; 19:10312-33. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201301230] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2013] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
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24
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Ignatenko VA, Tochtrop GP. Approach for expanding triterpenoid complexity via divergent Norrish-Yang photocyclization. J Org Chem 2013; 78:3821-31. [PMID: 23544445 PMCID: PMC3903659 DOI: 10.1021/jo400275p] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Triterpenoids comprise a very diverse family of polycyclic molecules that is well-known to possess a myriad of medicinal properties. Therefore, triterpenoids constitute an attractive target for medicinal chemistry and diversity-oriented synthesis. Photochemical transformations provide a promising tool for the rapid, green, and inexpensive generation of skeletal diversity in the construction of natural product-like libraries. With this in mind, we have developed a diversity-oriented strategy, whereby the parent triterpenoids bryonolic acid and lanosterol are converted to the pseudosymmetrical polyketones by sequential allylic oxidation and oxidative cleavage of the bridging double bond at the B/C ring fusion. The resultant polyketones were hypothesized to undergo divergent Norrish-Yang cyclization to produce unique 6/4/8-fused triterpenoid analogues. The subtle differences between parent triterpenoids led to dramatically different spatial arrangements of reactive functionalities. This finding was rationalized through conformational analysis to explain unanticipated photoinduced pinacolization, as well as the regio- and stereochemical outcome of the desired Norrish-Yang cyclization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vasily A. Ignatenko
- Department of Chemistry, Case Western Reserve University, 10900 Euclid Avenue, Cleveland, Ohio 44106, United States
| | - Gregory P. Tochtrop
- Department of Chemistry, Case Western Reserve University, 10900 Euclid Avenue, Cleveland, Ohio 44106, United States
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25
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Cindro N, Halasz I, Mlinarić-Majerski K, Basarić N. Photoinduced H-Abstraction in Homo- and Protoadamantylphthalimide Derivatives in Solution and in Organized and Constrained Media. European J Org Chem 2013. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.201201332] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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26
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27
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Kuzmanich G, Natarajan A, Shi Y, Patrick BO, Scheffer JR, Garcia-Garibay MA. Stable radicals during photodecarbonylations of trityl-alkyl ketones enable solid state reactions through primary and secondary radical centers. Photochem Photobiol Sci 2011; 10:1731-4. [PMID: 21947128 DOI: 10.1039/c1pp05240c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The solid state photoexcitation of several triphenylmethyl-alkyl ketones resulted in the loss of CO and the exclusive formation of radical-radical combination products. Differences in reactivity suggest a stepwise mechanism with the unprecedented formation of primary and secondary radicals in some of the radical pair intermediates in the solid state.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gregory Kuzmanich
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, Los Angeles, 90095-1559, USA
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28
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Kuzmanich G, Garcia-Garibay MA. Ring strain release as a strategy to enable the singlet state photodecarbonylation of crystalline 1,4-cyclobutanediones. J PHYS ORG CHEM 2011. [DOI: 10.1002/poc.1902] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Gregory Kuzmanich
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry; University of California; Los Angeles; CA; 90024-1569; U.S.A
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29
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Stoltz B, Motherwell W. Tetrahedron reports on organic chemistry. Tetrahedron 2011. [DOI: 10.1016/s0040-4020(11)00770-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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30
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Ihmels H, Luo J. Effects of anion complexation on the photoreactivity of bisureido- and bisthioureido-substituted dibenzobarrelene derivatives. Beilstein J Org Chem 2011; 7:278-89. [PMID: 21448249 PMCID: PMC3063053 DOI: 10.3762/bjoc.7.37] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2010] [Accepted: 02/04/2011] [Indexed: 12/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Bisureido- and a bisthioureido-substituted dibenzobarrelene derivative were synthesized and the photoreactivity of two representative examples were studied. Direct irradiation of the ureido-substituted derivative induces a di-π-methane rearrangement to the corresponding dibenzosemibullvalene derivative, whereas the thioureido-substituted derivative is almost photoinert. Complexes of the latter derivative with chloride, carboxylates, or sulfonate anions, however, are efficiently transformed to the dibenzosemibullvalene product upon irradiation, presumably by suppressing the self-quenching of the thiourea units in the complex. The association of the ureido-substituted dibenzobarrelene derivative with (S)-mandelate and irradiation of this complex led to the formation of the dibenzosemibullvalene with moderate stereoselectivity (68:32 er). In contrast, the thioureido derivative showed no such effect upon complexation of chiral anions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heiko Ihmels
- Organic Chemistry II, University of Siegen, Adolf-Reichwein-Str. 2, D-57068 Siegen, Germany
| | - Jia Luo
- Organic Chemistry II, University of Siegen, Adolf-Reichwein-Str. 2, D-57068 Siegen, Germany
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31
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Bąkowicz J, Skarżewski J, Turowska-Tyrk I. Photo-induced structural changes in two crystal forms with different numbers of independent molecules. CrystEngComm 2011. [DOI: 10.1039/c0ce00795a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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32
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Stoltz B, Motherwell W. Tetrahedron reports on organic chemistry. Tetrahedron 2010. [DOI: 10.1016/s0040-4020(10)01735-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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33
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Wang L, Huang YC, Liu Y, Fun HK, Zhang Y, Xu JH. Photoinduced [4 + 4], [4 + 2], and [2 + 2] Cycloadditions of o-Quinones with Oxazoles: Chemo-, Regio-, and Diastereoselectivity. J Org Chem 2010; 75:7757-68. [PMID: 21028907 DOI: 10.1021/jo101764f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Lei Wang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Key Lab of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science, Ministry of Education of China, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210093, People's Republic of China
| | - Yu-Cheng Huang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Key Lab of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science, Ministry of Education of China, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210093, People's Republic of China
| | - Yang Liu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Key Lab of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science, Ministry of Education of China, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210093, People's Republic of China
| | - Hoong-Kun Fun
- X-ray Crystallography Unit, School of Physics, Universiti Sains Malaysia, 11800 USM Penang, Malaysia
| | - Yan Zhang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Key Lab of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science, Ministry of Education of China, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210093, People's Republic of China
| | - Jian-Hua Xu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Key Lab of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science, Ministry of Education of China, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210093, People's Republic of China
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34
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Fang X, Di Y, Geng Z, Tan C, Guo J, Ning J, Hao X. Trichiliton A, a Novel Limonoid fromTrichilia connaroides. European J Org Chem 2010. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.200901245] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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35
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Chen YZ, Tian YH, Kertesz M, Weiss RG. Why is there no in-plane H-atom transfer from aryloxy radicals? A theoretical and experimental investigation. Photochem Photobiol Sci 2010; 9:1203-11. [DOI: 10.1039/c0pp00113a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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36
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Bakowicz J, Turowska-Tyrk I. Monitoring structural transformations in crystals. 13. On photocyclization in 2,3,4,5,6-pentamethylbenzophenone, 1,3-diphenylbutan-1-one and 2,4,6-triisopropyl-4′-methoxybenzophenone. Acta Crystallogr C 2009; 66:o29-32. [DOI: 10.1107/s0108270109052858] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2009] [Accepted: 12/08/2009] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Julia Bakowicz
- Faculty of Chemistry, Wrocław University of Technology, 27 Wybrzeze Wyspiańskiego, 50-370 Wrocław, Poland
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37
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Yang C, Xia W. Solid‐State Asymmetric Photochemical Studies Using the Ionic Chiral Auxiliary Approach. Chem Asian J 2009; 4:1774-1784. [DOI: 10.1002/asia.200900249] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Chao Yang
- The State Key Lab of Urban Water Resource and Environment, National Engineering Research Center of Urban Water Resource & The Academy of Fundamental and Interdisciplinary Science, Harbin Institute of Technology, P. O. Box 3026, 2 Yikuang Street, Harbin, Heilongjiang, 150080 (P.R. China), Fax: (+86) 451‐86402588
| | - Wujiong Xia
- The State Key Lab of Urban Water Resource and Environment, National Engineering Research Center of Urban Water Resource & The Academy of Fundamental and Interdisciplinary Science, Harbin Institute of Technology, P. O. Box 3026, 2 Yikuang Street, Harbin, Heilongjiang, 150080 (P.R. China), Fax: (+86) 451‐86402588
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38
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Ding L, Shen L, Chen XB, Fang WH. Solvent Effects on Photoreactivity of Valerophenone: A Combined QM and MM Study. J Org Chem 2009; 74:8956-62. [DOI: 10.1021/jo902080z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Lina Ding
- College of Chemistry, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China
| | - Lin Shen
- College of Chemistry, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China
| | - Xue-Bo Chen
- College of Chemistry, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China
| | - Wei-Hai Fang
- College of Chemistry, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China
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39
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Photoinduced hydrogen atom abstraction in N-(adamantyl)phthalimides: structure–reactivity study in the solid state. Tetrahedron 2009. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2008.12.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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40
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Ito Y, Takahashi H, Hasegawa JY, Turro NJ. Photocyclization of 2,4,6-triethylbenzophenones in the solid state. Tetrahedron 2009. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2008.10.105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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41
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Ihmels H, Luo J. The reversible [4+4] photocycloaddition of acridizinium derivatives. J Photochem Photobiol A Chem 2008. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jphotochem.2008.04.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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42
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Basarić N, Horvat M, Mlinarić-Majerski K, Zimmermann E, Neudörfl J, Griesbeck AG. Novel 2,4-Methanoadamantane-Benzazepine by Domino Photochemistry of N-(1-adamantyl)phthalimide. Org Lett 2008; 10:3965-8. [PMID: 18715013 DOI: 10.1021/ol801362x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Nikola Basarić
- Department of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry, Ruđer Bošković Institute, 10 000 Zagreb, Croatia, and Department of Chemistry, University of Cologne, 50939 Köln, Germany
| | - Margareta Horvat
- Department of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry, Ruđer Bošković Institute, 10 000 Zagreb, Croatia, and Department of Chemistry, University of Cologne, 50939 Köln, Germany
| | - Kata Mlinarić-Majerski
- Department of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry, Ruđer Bošković Institute, 10 000 Zagreb, Croatia, and Department of Chemistry, University of Cologne, 50939 Köln, Germany
| | - Elmar Zimmermann
- Department of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry, Ruđer Bošković Institute, 10 000 Zagreb, Croatia, and Department of Chemistry, University of Cologne, 50939 Köln, Germany
| | - Jörg Neudörfl
- Department of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry, Ruđer Bošković Institute, 10 000 Zagreb, Croatia, and Department of Chemistry, University of Cologne, 50939 Köln, Germany
| | - Axel G. Griesbeck
- Department of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry, Ruđer Bošković Institute, 10 000 Zagreb, Croatia, and Department of Chemistry, University of Cologne, 50939 Köln, Germany
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43
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Tetrahedron reports on organic chemistry. Tetrahedron 2008. [DOI: 10.1016/s0040-4020(08)00897-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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44
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Herrera AJ, Rondón M, Suárez E. Stereocontrolled Photocyclization of 1,2-Diketones: Application of a 1,3-Acetyl Group Transfer Methodology to Carbohydrates. J Org Chem 2008; 73:3384-91. [DOI: 10.1021/jo702663w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 76] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Antonio J. Herrera
- Instituto de Productos Naturales y Agrobiología del C.S.I.C. Carretera de La Esperanza 3, 38206 La Laguna, Tenerife, Spain
| | - María Rondón
- Instituto de Productos Naturales y Agrobiología del C.S.I.C. Carretera de La Esperanza 3, 38206 La Laguna, Tenerife, Spain
| | - Ernesto Suárez
- Instituto de Productos Naturales y Agrobiología del C.S.I.C. Carretera de La Esperanza 3, 38206 La Laguna, Tenerife, Spain
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45
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Lavy T, Sheynin Y, Sparkes HA, Howard JAK, Kaftory M. Controlled photochemical reaction of 4-oxo(phenylacetyl)morpholine and 1-(phenylglyoxylyl)piperidine in solid supramolecular systems. CrystEngComm 2008. [DOI: 10.1039/b715981a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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46
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Tetrahedron reports on organic chemistry. Tetrahedron 2007. [DOI: 10.1016/s0040-4020(07)01371-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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47
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Tetrahedron reports on organic chemistry. Tetrahedron 2007. [DOI: 10.1016/s0040-4020(07)00834-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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48
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Wessig P, Muehling O. Spin‐Center Shift (SCS) – A Versatile Concept in Biological and Synthetic Chemistry. European J Org Chem 2007. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.200600915] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Pablo Wessig
- Institut of Organische Chemie, Humboldt‐University, Brook‐Taylor‐Str. 2, 12489 Berlin, Germany, Fax: +49‐30‐2093‐6940
| | - Olaf Muehling
- Institut of Organische Chemie, Humboldt‐University, Brook‐Taylor‐Str. 2, 12489 Berlin, Germany, Fax: +49‐30‐2093‐6940
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49
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Tetrahedron reports on organic chemistry. Tetrahedron 2007. [DOI: 10.1016/s0040-4020(07)00205-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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50
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Carreño MC, Somoza A, Ribagorda M, Urbano A. Asymmetric Synthesis of Rubiginones A2 and C2 and Their 11-Methoxy Regioisomers. Chemistry 2007; 13:879-90. [PMID: 17086571 DOI: 10.1002/chem.200600809] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Convergent enantioselective syntheses of angucyclinone-type natural products rubiginones A(2) (2) and C(2) (1) and their 11-methoxy regioisomers 3 a and 3 b have been achieved by using two domino processes from a common enantiomerically pure 1-vinylcyclohexene 4. Key steps in the synthesis of this diene were the stereoselective conjugate addition of AlMe(3) on (SS)-[(p-tolylsulfinyl)methyl]-p-quinol (9) and the elimination of the beta-hydroxy sulfoxide fragment, after oxidation to sulfone, to recover a carbonyl group. The first domino sequence comprised Diels-Alder reaction with a sulfinyl naphthoquinone followed by sulfoxide elimination. An efficient opposite regioselection in the cycloaddition step was achieved in the convergent construction of the tetracyclic skeleton using a sulfoxide at C-2 or C-3 of the dienophiles 5 or 6, derived from 5-methoxy-1,4-naphthoquinone. The second domino process, triggered by oxygen and sunlight, allowed the transformation of the initial tetracyclic adducts into the final products after B ring aromatization, silyl deprotection and C-1 oxidation.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Carmen Carreño
- Departamento de Química Orgánica (C-I), Universidad Autónoma. Cantoblanco, 28049 Madrid, Spain.
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