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Mamun M, Zheng YC, Wang N, Wang B, Zhang Y, Pang JR, Shen DD, Liu HM, Gao Y. Decoding CLU (Clusterin): Conquering cancer treatment resistance and immunological barriers. Int Immunopharmacol 2024; 137:112355. [PMID: 38851158 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2024.112355] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2024] [Revised: 05/22/2024] [Accepted: 05/24/2024] [Indexed: 06/10/2024]
Abstract
One major obstacle in the treatment of cancer is the presence of proteins resistant to cancer therapy, which can impede the effectiveness of traditional approaches such as radiation and chemotherapy. This resistance can lead to disease progression and cause treatment failure. Extensive research is currently focused on studying these proteins to create tailored treatments that can circumvent resistance mechanisms. CLU (Clusterin), a chaperone protein, has gained notoriety for its role in promoting resistance to a wide range of cancer treatments, including chemotherapy, radiation therapy, and targeted therapy. The protein has also been discovered to have a role in regulating the immunosuppressive environment within tumors. Its ability to influence oncogenic signaling and inhibit cell death bolster cancer cells resistant against treatments, which poses a significant challenge in the field of oncology. Researchers are actively investigating to the mechanisms by which CLU exerts its resistance-promoting effects, with the ultimate goal of developing strategies to circumvent its impact and enhance the effectiveness of cancer therapies. By exploring CLU's impact on cancer, resistance mechanisms, tumor microenvironment (TME), and therapeutic strategies, this review aims to contribute to the ongoing efforts to improve cancer treatment outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maa Mamun
- State Key Laboratory of Esophageal Cancer Prevention & Treatment Institute of Drug Discovery and Development, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, 100 Kexue Avenue, Zhengzhou, Henan 450001, China
| | - Yi-Chao Zheng
- State Key Laboratory of Esophageal Cancer Prevention & Treatment Institute of Drug Discovery and Development, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, 100 Kexue Avenue, Zhengzhou, Henan 450001, China
| | - Ning Wang
- The School of Chinese Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong, China
| | - Bo Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Esophageal Cancer Prevention & Treatment Institute of Drug Discovery and Development, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, 100 Kexue Avenue, Zhengzhou, Henan 450001, China
| | - Yu Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Esophageal Cancer Prevention & Treatment Institute of Drug Discovery and Development, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, 100 Kexue Avenue, Zhengzhou, Henan 450001, China
| | - Jing-Ru Pang
- State Key Laboratory of Esophageal Cancer Prevention & Treatment Institute of Drug Discovery and Development, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, 100 Kexue Avenue, Zhengzhou, Henan 450001, China
| | - Dan-Dan Shen
- Key Laboratory of Endometrial Disease Prevention and Treatment, Zhengzhou China, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450052, Henan, China
| | - Hong-Min Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Esophageal Cancer Prevention & Treatment Institute of Drug Discovery and Development, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, 100 Kexue Avenue, Zhengzhou, Henan 450001, China
| | - Ya Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Esophageal Cancer Prevention & Treatment Institute of Drug Discovery and Development, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, 100 Kexue Avenue, Zhengzhou, Henan 450001, China.
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Ungsudechachai T, Jittikoon J, Honsawek S, Udomsinprasert W. Protective effect of clusterin against interleukin-1β-induced apoptosis and inflammation in human knee osteoarthritis chondrocytes. Clin Transl Sci 2024; 17:e13881. [PMID: 38982592 PMCID: PMC11233271 DOI: 10.1111/cts.13881] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2024] [Revised: 05/17/2024] [Accepted: 06/19/2024] [Indexed: 07/11/2024] Open
Abstract
Chondrocyte apoptosis is recognized as one of the pathological features involved in cartilage degeneration driving the onset and progression of knee osteoarthritis (OA). This study aimed to determine the molecular mechanism underlying the effect of clusterin (CLU), anti-apoptotic molecule, in human knee OA chondrocytes. Primary knee OA chondrocytes were isolated from the cartilage of knee OA patients and divided into five groups: (1) the cells treated with interleukin (IL)-1β, (2) CLU alone, (3) a combination of IL-1β and CLU, (4) LY294002 (PI3K inhibitor) along with IL-1β and CLU, and (5) the untreated cells. Production of apoptotic, inflammatory, anabolic, and catabolic mediators in knee OA chondrocytes was determined after treatment for 24 h. Our in vitro study uncovered that CLU significantly suppressed the production of inflammatory mediators [nitric oxide (NO), IL6, and tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α] and apoptotic molecule (caspase-3, CASP3). CLU significantly upregulated messenger ribonucleic acid (mRNA) expressions of anabolic factors [SRY-box transcription factor-9 (SOX9) and aggrecan (ACAN)], but significantly downregulated mRNA expressions of IL6, nuclear factor kappa-B (NF-κB), CASP3, and matrix metalloproteinase-13 (MMP13). Anti-apoptotic and anti-inflammatory effects of CLU were mediated through activating PI3K/Akt signaling pathway. The findings suggest that CLU might have beneficial effects on knee OA chondrocytes by exerting anti-apoptotic and anti-inflammatory functions via PI3K/Akt pathway, making CLU a promising target for potential therapeutic interventions in knee OA.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Jiraphun Jittikoon
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Sittisak Honsawek
- Department of Biochemistry, Center of Excellence in Osteoarthritis and Musculoskeleton, Faculty of Medicine and King Chulalongkorn Memorial Hospital, Thai Red Cross Society, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
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Cheng H, Wang S, Huang A, Ma J, Gao D, Li M, Chen H, Guo K. HSF1 is involved in immunotherapeutic response through regulating APOJ/STAT3-mediated PD-L1 expression in hepatocellular carcinoma. Cancer Biol Ther 2023; 24:1-9. [PMID: 36482717 PMCID: PMC9746510 DOI: 10.1080/15384047.2022.2156242] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2022] [Revised: 11/17/2022] [Accepted: 11/23/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Hepatocellular cancer (HCC) is a serious illness with high prevalence and mortality throughout the whole world. For advanced HCC, immunotherapy is somewhat impactful and encouraging. Nevertheless, a substantial proportion of patients with advanced HCC are still unable to achieve a durable response, owing to heterogeneity from clonal variability and differential expression of the PD-1/PD-L1 axis. Recently, heat shock factor 1 (HSF1) is recognized as an important component of tumor immunotherapeutic response as well as related to PD-L1 expression in cancer. However, the mechanism of HSF1 regulating PD-L1 in cancer, especially in HCC, is still not fully clear. In this study, we observed the significantly positive correlation between HSF1 expression and PD-L1 expression in HCC samples; meanwhile combination expressions of HSF1 and PD-L1 served as the signature for predicting prognosis of patients with HCC. Mechanistically, HSF1 upregulated PD-L1 expression by inducing APOJ expression and activating STAT3 signaling pathway in HCC. In addition, we explored further the potential values of targeting the HSF1-APOJ-STAT3 axis against CD8+ T cells-mediated cancer cells cytotoxicity. These findings unveiled the important involvement of HSF1 in regulating PD-L1 expression in HCC as well as provided a novel invention component for improving the clinical response rate and efficacy of PD-1/PD-L1 blockade.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongxia Cheng
- Liver Cancer Institute, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion Ministry of Education, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
| | - Sikai Wang
- Liver Cancer Institute, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion Ministry of Education, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
| | - Aidan Huang
- Liver Cancer Institute, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion Ministry of Education, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
- Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region Women and Children Care Hospital, Guangxi, China
| | - Jing Ma
- Liver Cancer Institute, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion Ministry of Education, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
| | - Dongmei Gao
- Liver Cancer Institute, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion Ministry of Education, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
| | - Miaomiao Li
- Liver Cancer Institute, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion Ministry of Education, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
| | - Huaping Chen
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University Nanning, Guangxi, China
| | - Kun Guo
- Liver Cancer Institute, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion Ministry of Education, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
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Van Nynatten LR, Miller MR, Patel MA, Daley M, Filler G, Badrnya S, Miholits M, Webb B, McIntyre CW, Fraser DD. A novel multiplex biomarker panel for profiling human acute and chronic kidney disease. Sci Rep 2023; 13:21210. [PMID: 38040779 PMCID: PMC10692319 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-47418-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2023] [Accepted: 11/13/2023] [Indexed: 12/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Acute and chronic kidney disease continues to confer significant morbidity and mortality in the clinical setting. Despite high prevalence of these conditions, few validated biomarkers exist to predict kidney dysfunction. In this study, we utilized a novel kidney multiplex panel to measure 21 proteins in plasma and urine to characterize the spectrum of biomarker profiles in kidney disease. Blood and urine samples were obtained from age-/sex-matched healthy control subjects (HC), critically-ill COVID-19 patients with acute kidney injury (AKI), and patients with chronic or end-stage kidney disease (CKD/ESKD). Biomarkers were measured with a kidney multiplex panel, and results analyzed with conventional statistics and machine learning. Correlations were examined between biomarkers and patient clinical and laboratory variables. Median AKI subject age was 65.5 (IQR 58.5-73.0) and median CKD/ESKD age was 65.0 (IQR 50.0-71.5). Of the CKD/ESKD patients, 76.1% were on hemodialysis, 14.3% of patients had kidney transplant, and 9.5% had CKD without kidney replacement therapy. In plasma, 19 proteins were significantly different in titer between the HC versus AKI versus CKD/ESKD groups, while NAG and RBP4 were unchanged. TIMP-1 (PPV 1.0, NPV 1.0), best distinguished AKI from HC, and TFF3 (PPV 0.99, NPV 0.89) best distinguished CKD/ESKD from HC. In urine, 18 proteins were significantly different between groups except Calbindin, Osteopontin and TIMP-1. Osteoactivin (PPV 0.95, NPV 0.95) best distinguished AKI from HC, and β2-microglobulin (PPV 0.96, NPV 0.78) best distinguished CKD/ESKD from HC. A variety of correlations were noted between patient variables and either plasma or urine biomarkers. Using a novel kidney multiplex biomarker panel, together with conventional statistics and machine learning, we identified unique biomarker profiles in the plasma and urine of patients with AKI and CKD/ESKD. We demonstrated correlations between biomarker profiles and patient clinical variables. Our exploratory study provides biomarker data for future hypothesis driven research on kidney disease.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Maitray A Patel
- Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Western University, London, ON, N6A 3K7, Canada
| | - Mark Daley
- Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Western University, London, ON, N6A 3K7, Canada
- Computer Science, Western University, London, ON, N6A 3K7, Canada
- The Vector Institute for Artificial Intelligence, Toronto, ON, M5G 1M1, Canada
- Lawson Health Research Institute, London, ON, Canada
| | - Guido Filler
- Medicine, Western University, London, ON, Canada
- Pediatrics, Western University, London, ON, Canada
- Lawson Health Research Institute, London, ON, Canada
| | | | | | - Brian Webb
- Thermo Fisher Scientific, Rockford, IL, USA
| | - Christopher W McIntyre
- Medicine, Western University, London, ON, Canada
- Lawson Health Research Institute, London, ON, Canada
| | - Douglas D Fraser
- Pediatrics, Western University, London, ON, Canada.
- Lawson Health Research Institute, London, ON, Canada.
- Clinical Neurological Sciences, Western University, London, ON, Canada.
- Physiology and Pharmacology, Western University, London, ON, Canada.
- London Health Sciences Centre, Room C2-C82, 800 Commissioners Road East, London, ON, N6A 5W9, Canada.
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Ye Q, Xu G, Xue C, Pang S, Xie B, Huang G, Li H, Chen X, Yang R, Li W. Urinary SPP1 has potential as a non-invasive diagnostic marker for focal segmental glomerulosclerosis. FEBS Open Bio 2023; 13:2061-2080. [PMID: 37696527 PMCID: PMC10626280 DOI: 10.1002/2211-5463.13704] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2023] [Revised: 08/26/2023] [Accepted: 09/08/2023] [Indexed: 09/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Focal segmental glomerulosclerosis (FSGS) is a type of chronic glomerular nephropathy showing characteristic glomerular sclerosis, diagnosed by kidney biopsy. However, it is difficult and expensive to monitor disease progression with repeated renal biopsy in clinical practice, and thus here we explored the feasibility of urine biomarkers as non-invasive diagnostic tools. We downloaded scRNA-seq datasets of 20 urine cell samples and 3 kidney tissues and obtained two gene lists encoding extracellular proteins for bioinformatic analysis; in addition, we identified key EP-Genes by immunohistochemical staining and performed bulk RNA sequencing with 12 urine samples. We report that urine cells and kidney cells were correlated. A total of 64 EP-Genes were acquired by intersecting genes of distal tubular cluster with extracellular proteins. Function enrichment analysis showed that EP-Genes might be involved in the immune response and extracellular components. Six key EP-Genes were identified and correlated with renal function. IMC showed that key EP-Genes were located mainly in tubules. Cross verification and examination of a urine RNAseq dataset showed that SPP1 had diagnostic potential for FSGS. The presence of urine SPP1 was primarily associated with macrophage infiltration in kidney, and the pathogenesis of FSGS may be related to innate immunity. Urinary cells seemed to be strongly similar to kidney cells. In summary, SPP1 levels reflect renal function and may have potential as a biomarker for non-invasive diagnosis of FSGS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qinglin Ye
- Department of NephrologyThe Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical UniversityNanningChina
| | - Guiling Xu
- Department of NephrologyThe Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical UniversityNanningChina
| | - Chao Xue
- Department of NephrologyThe Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical UniversityNanningChina
| | - Shuting Pang
- Department of NephrologyThe Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical UniversityNanningChina
| | - Boji Xie
- Department of NephrologyThe Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical UniversityNanningChina
| | - Guanwen Huang
- Department of NephrologyThe Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical UniversityNanningChina
| | - Haoyu Li
- Department of NephrologyThe Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical UniversityNanningChina
| | - Xuesong Chen
- Department of NephrologyThe Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical UniversityNanningChina
| | - Rirong Yang
- Centre for Genomic and Personalized MedicineDepartment of ImmunologySchool of Basic Medical SciencesGuangxi Medical UniversityNanning530021China
| | - Wei Li
- Department of NephrologyThe Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical UniversityNanningChina
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Pant A, Dakal TC, Moar K, Dhabhai B, Arora TK, Sharma NK, Ranga V, Maurya PK. Assessment of MMP14, CAV2, CLU and SPARCL1 expression profiles in endometriosis. Pathol Res Pract 2023; 251:154892. [PMID: 37898038 DOI: 10.1016/j.prp.2023.154892] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2023] [Revised: 10/10/2023] [Accepted: 10/12/2023] [Indexed: 10/30/2023]
Abstract
Endometriotic cells exhibit a notable degree of invasiveness and some characteristics of tissue remodeling underlying lesion formation. In this regard, do matrix metalloproteinases 14 (MMP14) and other related genes such as SPARC-like protein 1 (SPARCL1), caveolin 2 (CAV2), and clusterin (CLU) exert any significant influence in the processes of endometriosis development and pathophysiology is not apparent. We aim to assess whether these genes could serve as potential diagnostic biomarkers in endometriosis. Microarray-based gene expression analysis was performed on total RNA extracted from endometriotic tissue samples treated with and without gonadotropin-releasing hormone agonist (GnRHa). The GnRHa untreated patients were considered the control group. The validation of genes was performed using quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR). qRT-PCR analysis showed significant downregulation in the expression of MMP14 (p = 0.024), CAV2 (p = 0.017), and upregulation of CLU (p = 0.005) in endometriosis patients treated with GnRHa. SPARCL1 did not show any significant (p = 0.30) change in the expression compared to the control group. These data have the potential to contribute to the comprehension of the molecular pathways implicated in the remodeling of the extracellular matrix, which is a vital step for the physiology of the endometrium. Based on the result, it is concluded that changes in the expression of MMP14, CAV2, and CLU post-treatment imply their role in the pathophysiology of endometriosis and may serve as a potential diagnostic biomarker of endometriosis in response to GnRHa treatment in patients with ovarian endometrioma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anuja Pant
- Department of Biochemistry, Central University of Haryana, Mahendergarh 123031, India
| | - Tikam Chand Dakal
- Genome and Computational Biology Lab, Department of Biotechnology, Mohanlal Sukhadia University, Udaipur 313001, Rajasthan, India
| | - Kareena Moar
- Department of Biochemistry, Central University of Haryana, Mahendergarh 123031, India
| | - Bhanupriya Dhabhai
- Genome and Computational Biology Lab, Department of Biotechnology, Mohanlal Sukhadia University, Udaipur 313001, Rajasthan, India
| | - Taruna K Arora
- Reproductive Biology and Maternal Child Health Division, Indian Council of Medical Research, New Delhi 110029, India
| | - Narendra Kumar Sharma
- Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Banasthali Vidyapith, Tonk 304022, Rajasthan, India
| | - Vipin Ranga
- Department of Biotechnology-North East Centre for Agricultural Biotechnology (DBT-NECAB), Assam Agricultural University, Jorhat 785013, Assam, India
| | - Pawan Kumar Maurya
- Department of Biochemistry, Central University of Haryana, Mahendergarh 123031, India.
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Age-Related Changes in Female Murine Reproductive Mucosa with respect to γδ T Cell Presence. J Immunol Res 2023; 2023:3072573. [PMID: 36726490 PMCID: PMC9886474 DOI: 10.1155/2023/3072573] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2022] [Revised: 01/05/2023] [Accepted: 01/10/2023] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Many studies have demonstrated a general decline and dysregulation in immune functions with age. It is not clear, however, how the aging affects the immune surveillance of the female reproductive tract (FRT) by γδ T cells, a unique population of T lymphocytes that was shown to regulate homeostasis of epithelial barriers. First, we analyzed γδ T cell presence in FRT in young (2 months) and old (18 months) wild-type (WT) C57BL/6 mice. We did not detect any changes in γδ T cell number nor distribution in the vaginas between the age groups, while in uteri, there was a twofold increase in γδ T cell number in aged mice. To check if γδ T lymphocytes regulate a metabolic and immune status of aging vaginal tissue, we compared the expression of 84 aging-associated genes in young and old WT and γδ T-cell-deficient (Tcrd -/-) mice. We discovered that only the Ltf (lactotransferrin) gene was downregulated in old Tcrd -/- mice. In both mouse strains, we found similar age-dependent changes in cytokine production upon vaginal inflammation due to Toll-like receptor 9 (TLR9) stimulation with CpG. With age in the vaginas, IL-1α and IL-17A levels increased while IL-6, IL-10, MCP-1, and IFNγ levels were diminished in response to CpG. Similar trends were observed in uteri. Interestingly, under the inflammatory state, the lack of γδ T cells in young individuals enhanced MCP-1 production in the vagina and decreased MCP-1 level in the uterus in old females. Our gene expression data point to an antimicrobial role of γδ T lymphocytes. The profile of secreted inflammatory cytokines shifted during aging toward the proinflammatory type, and γδ T cells played a modest fine-tuning role in immunoregulation in aged FRT. We believe this work expands our understanding of γδ T cell functions and the inflammaging in the murine reproductive epithelia.
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Zhang K, Liu K, Yu D, Tang Y, Geng B, Xia Y, Xu P. The Therapeutic and Prognostic Role of Clusterin in Diverse
Musculoskeletal Diseases: A Mini Review. Physiol Res 2022. [DOI: 10.33549/physiolres.934908] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
This mini-review aims to introduce the association between Secretory clusterin/apolipoprotein J (sCLU) and diverse musculoskeletal diseases. A comprehensive review of the literature was performed to identify basic science and clinical studies, which implied the therapeutic and prognostic role of sCLU in diverse musculoskeletal diseases. sCLU is a multifunctional glycoprotein that is ubiquitously expressed in various tissues and is implicated in many pathophysiological processes. Dysregulated expression of sCLU had been reported to be assocaited with proliferative or apoptotic molecular processes and inflammatory responses, which participated in many pathophysiological processes such as degenerative musculoskeletal diseases including ischemic osteonecrosis, osteoarthritis (OA) and degenerative cervical myelopathy (spinal cord injury), neoplastic musculoskeletal diseases, inflammatory and autoimmune musculoskeletal diseases including Rheumatoid arthritis (RA), joint damage induced by Brucella abortus, Sjogren's syndrome, idiopathic inflammatory myopathies, muscle glucose metabolism, insulin sensitivity and traumatic musculoskeletal diseases. Recent findings of sCLU in these musculoskeletal diseases provides insights on the therapeutic and prognostic role of sCLU in these musculoskeletal diseases. sCLU may serve as a promising therapeutic target for ischemic osteonecrosis, OA and spinal cord injury as well as a potential prognostic biomarker for OA and RA. Moreover, sCLU could act as a prognostic biomarker for osteosarcoma (OS) and a promising therapeutic target for OS resistance. Although many studies support the potential therapeutic and prognostic role of sCLU in some inflammatory and autoimmune-mediated musculoskeletal diseases, more future researches are needed to explore the molecular pathogenic mechanism mediated by sCLU implied in these musculoskeletal diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | - P Xu
- Department of Joint Surgery, Honghui Hospital, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, China
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The Emerging Roles of Extracellular Chaperones in Complement Regulation. Cells 2022; 11:cells11233907. [PMID: 36497163 PMCID: PMC9738919 DOI: 10.3390/cells11233907] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2022] [Revised: 12/01/2022] [Accepted: 12/01/2022] [Indexed: 12/09/2022] Open
Abstract
The immune system is essential to protect organisms from internal and external threats. The rapidly acting, non-specific innate immune system includes complement, which initiates an inflammatory cascade and can form pores in the membranes of target cells to induce cell lysis. Regulation of protein homeostasis (proteostasis) is essential for normal cellular and organismal function, and has been implicated in processes controlling immunity and infection. Chaperones are key players in maintaining proteostasis in both the intra- and extracellular environments. Whilst intracellular proteostasis is well-characterised, the role of constitutively secreted extracellular chaperones (ECs) is less well understood. ECs may interact with invading pathogens, and elements of the subsequent immune response, including the complement pathway. Both ECs and complement can influence the progression of neurodegenerative diseases, including Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, Huntington's disease and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, as well as other diseases including kidney diseases and diabetes. This review will examine known and recently discovered ECs, and their roles in immunity, with a specific focus on the complement pathway.
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The Role of Clusterin Transporter in the Pathogenesis of Alzheimer’s Disease at the Blood–Brain Barrier Interface: A Systematic Review. Biomolecules 2022; 12:biom12101452. [PMID: 36291661 PMCID: PMC9599067 DOI: 10.3390/biom12101452] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2022] [Revised: 09/30/2022] [Accepted: 10/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is considered a chronic and debilitating neurological illness that is increasingly impacting older-age populations. Some proteins, including clusterin (CLU or apolipoprotein J) transporter, can be linked to AD, causing oxidative stress. Therefore, its activity can affect various functions involving complement system inactivation, lipid transport, chaperone activity, neuronal transmission, and cellular survival pathways. This transporter is known to bind to the amyloid beta (Aβ) peptide, which is the major pathogenic factor of AD. On the other hand, this transporter is also active at the blood–brain barrier (BBB), a barrier that prevents harmful substances from entering and exiting the brain. Therefore, in this review, we discuss and emphasize the role of the CLU transporter and CLU-linked molecular mechanisms at the BBB interface in the pathogenesis of AD.
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Laudanski K, Liu D, Okeke T, Restrepo M, Szeto WY. Persistent Depletion of Neuroprotective Factors Accompanies Neuroinflammatory, Neurodegenerative, and Vascular Remodeling Spectra in Serum Three Months after Non-Emergent Cardiac Surgery. Biomedicines 2022; 10:biomedicines10102364. [PMID: 36289630 PMCID: PMC9598177 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines10102364] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2022] [Revised: 09/16/2022] [Accepted: 09/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
We hypothesized that the persistent depletion of neuroprotective markers accompanies neuroinflammation and neurodegeneration in patients after cardiac surgery. A total of 158 patients underwent elective heart surgery with their blood collected before surgery (tbaseline) and 24 h (t24hr), seven days (t7d), and three months (t3m) post-surgery. The patients’ serum was measured for markers of neurodegeneration (τau, τaup181–183, amyloid β1-40/β2-42, and S100), atypical neurodegeneration (KLK6 and NRGN), neuro-injury (neurofilament light/heavy, UC-HL, and GFAP), neuroinflammation (YKL-40 and TDP-43), peripheral nerve damage (NCAM-1), neuroprotection (apoE4, BDNF, fetuin, and clusterin), and vascular smoldering inflammation (C-reactive protein, CCL-28 IL-6, and IL-8). The mortality at 28 days, incidence of cerebrovascular accidents (CVA), and functional status were followed for three months. The levels of amyloid β1-40/β1-42 and NF-L were significantly elevated at all time points. The levels of τau, S100, KLK6, NRGN, and NCAM-1 were significantly elevated at 24 h. A cluster analysis demonstrated groupings around amyloids, KLK6, and NCAM-1. YKL-40, but not TDP-43, was significantly elevated across all time points. BDNF, apoE4, fetuin, and clusterin levels were significantly diminished long-term. IL-6 and IL-8 levles returned to baseline at t3m. The levels of CRP, CCL-28, and Hsp-70 remained elevated. At 3 months, 8.2% of the patients experienced a stroke, with transfusion volume being a significant variable. Cardiac-surgery patients exhibited persistent peripheral and neuronal inflammation, blood vessel remodeling, and the depletion of neuroprotective factors 3 months post-procedure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Krzysztof Laudanski
- Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
- Department of Neurology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
- Leonard Davis Institute for Health Economics, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +1-215-662-8000
| | - Da Liu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang 110055, China
| | - Tony Okeke
- Department of Bioengineering, Drexel University, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Mariana Restrepo
- College of Arts and Sciences, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Wilson Y. Szeto
- Division of Cardiovascular Surgery, Department of Surgery, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
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Cerqueira A, García-Arnáez I, Muriach M, Azkargorta M, Elortza F, Izquierdo R, Romero-Gavilán F, Gurruchaga M, Suay J, Goñi I. The effect of calcium-magnesium mixtures in sol-gel coatings on bone tissue regeneration. Biomater Sci 2022; 10:5634-5647. [PMID: 35993129 DOI: 10.1039/d2bm00742h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Calcium and magnesium are two elements essential for bone structure and metabolism. However, their synergistic or competitive effects on bone regeneration are often overlooked during biomaterial development. We examined the interactions between Ca and Mg in sol-gel coatings doped with mixtures of CaCl2 (0.5%) and MgCl2 (0.5, 1, and 1.5%). After physicochemical characterisation, the materials were incubated in vitro with MC3T3-E1 osteoblastic cells and RAW264.7 macrophages, and the protein adsorption was analysed using nLC-MS/MS. The incorporation of the ions did not lead to the formation of crystalline structures and did not affect the sol-gel network cross-linking. The release of the ions did not cause cytotoxic effects at any tested concentration. The proteomic analysis showed that adding the Ca and Mg ions elevated the adsorption of proteins associated with inflammatory response regulation (e.g., ALBU, CLUS, HPT, HPTR, A1AG1 and A1AG2) but decreased the adsorption of immunoglobulins. The CaMg coatings had reduced affinity to proteins associated with coagulation (e.g., FA9, FA10, FA11, FA12) but increased the adsorption of proteins involved in cell adhesion (DSG1, DESP, FBLN1, ZA2G). In vitro assays revealed that the cellular response was affected by changing the concentration of Mg. Moreover, our results show that these differences reflect the changes in the concentrations of both ions in the mix but are not a simple additive effect.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andreia Cerqueira
- Department of Industrial Systems Engineering and Design, Universitat Jaume I, Av. Vicent Sos Baynat s/n, 12071 Castellón de la Plana, Spain.
| | - Iñaki García-Arnáez
- Departament of Science and Technology of Polymers, Universidad del País Vasco, P. M. de Lardizábal, 3, 20018 San Sebastián, Spain
| | - María Muriach
- Deparment of Medicine, Universitat Jaume I, Av. Vicent Sos Baynat s/n, 12071 Castellón de la Plana, Spain
| | - Mikel Azkargorta
- Proteomics Platform, CIC bioGUNE, Basque Research and Technology Alliance (BRTA), CIBERehd, ProteoRed-ISCIII, Bizkaia Science and Technology Park, 48160 Derio, Spain
| | - Félix Elortza
- Proteomics Platform, CIC bioGUNE, Basque Research and Technology Alliance (BRTA), CIBERehd, ProteoRed-ISCIII, Bizkaia Science and Technology Park, 48160 Derio, Spain
| | - Raúl Izquierdo
- Department of Industrial Systems Engineering and Design, Universitat Jaume I, Av. Vicent Sos Baynat s/n, 12071 Castellón de la Plana, Spain.
| | - Francisco Romero-Gavilán
- Department of Industrial Systems Engineering and Design, Universitat Jaume I, Av. Vicent Sos Baynat s/n, 12071 Castellón de la Plana, Spain.
| | - Mariló Gurruchaga
- Departament of Science and Technology of Polymers, Universidad del País Vasco, P. M. de Lardizábal, 3, 20018 San Sebastián, Spain
| | - Julio Suay
- Department of Industrial Systems Engineering and Design, Universitat Jaume I, Av. Vicent Sos Baynat s/n, 12071 Castellón de la Plana, Spain.
| | - Isabel Goñi
- Departament of Science and Technology of Polymers, Universidad del País Vasco, P. M. de Lardizábal, 3, 20018 San Sebastián, Spain
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13
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Pryzdial ELG, Leatherdale A, Conway EM. Coagulation and complement: Key innate defense participants in a seamless web. Front Immunol 2022; 13:918775. [PMID: 36016942 PMCID: PMC9398469 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.918775] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2022] [Accepted: 07/06/2022] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
In 1969, Dr. Oscar Ratnoff, a pioneer in delineating the mechanisms by which coagulation is activated and complement is regulated, wrote, “In the study of biological processes, the accumulation of information is often accelerated by a narrow point of view. The fastest way to investigate the body’s defenses against injury is to look individually at such isolated questions as how the blood clots or how complement works. We must constantly remind ourselves that such distinctions are man-made. In life, as in the legal cliché, the devices through which the body protects itself form a seamless web, unwrinkled by our artificialities.” Our aim in this review, is to highlight the critical molecular and cellular interactions between coagulation and complement, and how these two major component proteolytic pathways contribute to the seamless web of innate mechanisms that the body uses to protect itself from injury, invading pathogens and foreign surfaces.
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Affiliation(s)
- Edward L. G. Pryzdial
- Centre for Blood Research, Life Sciences Institute, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
- Canadian Blood Services, Medical Affairs and Innovation, Vancouver, BC, Canada
- *Correspondence: Edward L. G. Pryzdial, ; Edward M. Conway,
| | - Alexander Leatherdale
- Centre for Blood Research, Life Sciences Institute, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
- Division of Hematology, Department of Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Edward M. Conway
- Centre for Blood Research, Life Sciences Institute, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
- Canadian Blood Services, Medical Affairs and Innovation, Vancouver, BC, Canada
- Division of Hematology, Department of Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
- *Correspondence: Edward L. G. Pryzdial, ; Edward M. Conway,
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14
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Ungsudechachai T, Honsawek S, Jittikoon J, Udomsinprasert W. Clusterin exacerbates interleukin-1β-induced inflammation via suppressing PI3K/Akt pathway in human fibroblast-like synoviocytes of knee osteoarthritis. Sci Rep 2022; 12:9963. [PMID: 35705674 PMCID: PMC9200742 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-14295-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2022] [Accepted: 06/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
This study aimed to examine, a multifaceted chaperon-like protein exerting anti-inflammatory action, clusterin (CLU), mRNA and protein levels in the systemic and local joint environment of knee osteoarthritis (OA) patients and to determine whether CLU inhibited interleukin (IL)-1β-induced inflammation in knee OA fibroblast-like synoviocytes (FLSs) through modulating phosphatidylinositol-3-kinase (PI3K)/Akt signaling pathway. CLU protein and mRNA expressions in the synovium and its protein levels in plasma and synovial fluid of knee OA patients were measured using immunohistochemistry, real-time PCR, and ELISA, respectively. Anti-inflammatory effect of CLU was further elucidated in knee OA FLSs treated with IL-1β in the absence or presence of CLU, CLU alone, or PI3K inhibitor (LY294002) along with IL-1β and CLU. In a clinical study, compared with knee OA patients without synovitis, CLU protein and mRNA were expressed in the synovium of knee OA patients with synovitis, especially those with high-grade, consistent with analyses of its plasma and synovial fluid levels. CLU mRNA and protein levels were both associated with synovitis severity. An in vitro study uncovered that CLU significantly alleviated IL-1β-induced overproduction of nitric oxide and IL-6 in knee OA FLSs. Furthermore, CLU significantly attenuated inflammation and extracellular matrix degradation induced by IL-1β via down-regulating expressions of IL-6, nuclear factor kappa B, and matrix metalloproteinase-13. Mechanistically, CLU significantly impeded IL-1β-induced Akt phosphorylation in knee OA FLSs, in line with addition of LY294002 along with IL-1β and CLU. These findings suggest that CLU may have potential as a novel therapeutic target for synovitis and cartilage destruction in knee OA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tachatra Ungsudechachai
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mahidol University, 447 Sri-Ayudthaya Road, Rajathevi, Bangkok, 10400, Thailand
| | - Sittisak Honsawek
- Department of Biochemistry, Osteoarthritis and Musculoskeleton Research Unit, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, King Chulalongkorn Memorial Hospital, Thai Red Cross Society, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Jiraphun Jittikoon
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mahidol University, 447 Sri-Ayudthaya Road, Rajathevi, Bangkok, 10400, Thailand
| | - Wanvisa Udomsinprasert
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mahidol University, 447 Sri-Ayudthaya Road, Rajathevi, Bangkok, 10400, Thailand.
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15
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Zhang Q, Yue Y, Zheng R. Clusterin as a serum biomarker candidate contributes to the lung fibroblasts activation in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Chin Med J (Engl) 2022; 135:1076-1086. [PMID: 35191419 PMCID: PMC9276345 DOI: 10.1097/cm9.0000000000002065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2021] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Fibrosis in the peripheral airways contributes to airflow limitation in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). However, the key proteins involved in its development are still poorly understood. Thus, we aimed to identify the differentially expressed proteins (DEPs) between smoker patients with and without COPD and elucidate the molecular mechanisms involved by investigating the effects of the identified biomarker candidate on lung fibroblasts. METHODS The potential DEPs were identified by isobaric tags for relative and absolute quantitation (iTRAQ)-based proteomic analysis. The messenger RNA and protein levels of clusterin (CLU) in COPD patients and 12% cigarette smoke extract (CSE)-treated human bronchial epithelial cells were determined at the indicated time points. Furthermore, an in vitro COPD model was established via the administration of 8% CSE to normal human lung fibroblasts (NHLFs) at indicated time points. The effects of CSE treatment and CLU silencing on proliferation and activation of lung fibroblasts were analyzed. RESULTS A total of 144 DEPs were identified between COPD patients and normal smokers. The iTRAQ-based proteomics and bioinformatics analyses identified CLU as a serum biomarker candidate. We also discovered that CLU levels were significantly increased ( P < 0.0001) in Global Initiative for Obstructive Lung Disease II, III, and IV patients and correlated ( P < 0.0001) with forced expiratory volume in 1 s ( R = -0.7705), residual volume (RV) ( R = 0.6281), RV/total lung capacity ( R = 0.5454), and computerized tomography emphysema ( R = 0.7878). Similarly, CLU levels were significantly increased in CSE-treated cells at indicated time points ( P < 0.0001). The CSE treatment significantly inhibited the proliferation, promoted the inflammatory response, differentiation of NHLFs, and collagen matrix deposition, and induced the apoptosis of NHLFs; however, these effects were partially reversed by CLU silencing. CONCLUSION Our findings suggest that CLU may play significant roles during airway fibrosis in COPD by regulating lung fibroblast activation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiang Zhang
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110014, China
| | - Yuanyi Yue
- Department of Gastroenterology Medicine, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110014, China
| | - Rui Zheng
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110014, China
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16
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Potential participation of CTRP6, a complement regulator, in the pathology of age related macular degeneration. Jpn J Ophthalmol 2022; 66:326-334. [PMID: 35397057 DOI: 10.1007/s10384-022-00913-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2021] [Accepted: 02/24/2022] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE To investigate the localized expression of C1q/tumor necrosis factor related protein (CTRP) 6 in human age-related macular degeneration (AMD) retinal tissues. EXPERIMENTAL STUDY DESIGN 4 AMD and 3 non-AMD whole eyes of Caucasian donors were used. Eyecups were excised at Eye Bank CorneaGen, Inc. METHODS To elucidate the effects of CTRP6, C3b was measured by an enzyme-linked immunosorbent-like assay. CFB versus CTRP6 competitive binding assay was applied to clarify the inhibition by CTRP6 of C3bBb complex formation. The cornea, iris, lens, and vitreous were removed and the eyes were cut into a posterior eye-cup including the retina, choroid, and sclera. Six-µm-thick serial sections of frozen samples underwent hematoxylin-eosin (HE) staining and indirect immunohistochemical staining using primary antibodies, anti-CTRP6, -CTRP5, -CTRP10, -Complement factor H (CFH) and -Clusterin (CLU). Results The two in vitro studies confirmed that CTRP6 has an inhibitory effect on alternative pathways of complement (APC) function and that the molecular target of CTRP6 is the inhibition of the formation of C3bBb. Localized expression for CTRP6 and CFH was found in the drusen of the AMD eyes, both associated with APC inhibition, CLU associated with membrane-attack complex (MAC) inhibition, and CTRP5 associated with retinal degeneration. CONCLUSION The localized expression of CTRP6 in the drusen of AMD eyes may open a new insight into the possible involvement of APC regulatory factors in the pathogenesis of AMD, together with the known CFH so far analyzed solely as an APC inhibitor.
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17
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Vurgun E, Memet B, Etikan P, Guntas G, Kocaturk E. Serum clusterin levels are not associated with chronic spontaneous urticaria regardless of serum lipids. Ital J Dermatol Venerol 2022; 157:325-329. [PMID: 35373780 DOI: 10.23736/s2784-8671.22.07222-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Clusterin is related to immunity and inflammation via regulation of complement activation and bidirectional regulation of and by major proinflammatory cytokines. Clusterin levels have been the subject of a few researches both in patients with hyperlipidemia and those with chronic spontaneous urticaria (CSU) separately. The aims of this study were evaluate the levels of clusterin levels and serum lipids and the relationships between them in patients with CSU. METHODS Fifty patients with CSU and 30 healthy controls were enrolled into the study. The activity of urticaria of the patients was determined by urticaria activity score (UAS7). Serum clusterin, total cholesterol, HDL, LDL and triglyceride levels of the participants were measured and compared. The relationships between UAS, lipids and clusterin were examined. RESULTS There was no difference in clusterin levels between CSU patients and controls. Clusterin level was not related to activity of urticaria. Clusterin levels were not correlated with any of lipid parameters neither in CSU patients nor in controls. CONCLUSIONS Findings of this study show that clusterin levels do not change due to CSU. Serum clusterin levels cannot be used as a diagnostic or a disease activity marker in CSU patients, regardless of the lipid profile.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eren Vurgun
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Prof. Dr. Cemil Tascioglu City Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey -
| | - Bachar Memet
- Department of Dermatology, Prof. Dr. Cemil Tascioglu City Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey.,Department of Dermatology, Koc University School of Medicine, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Piril Etikan
- Department of Dermatology, Prof. Dr. Cemil Tascioglu City Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey.,Department of Dermatology, Kyrenia Dr. Akcicek Government Hospital, Kyrenia, Cyprus
| | - Gulcan Guntas
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Prof. Dr. Cemil Tascioglu City Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey.,Kirklareli University School of Health, Kirklareli, Turkey
| | - Emek Kocaturk
- Department of Dermatology, Prof. Dr. Cemil Tascioglu City Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey.,Department of Dermatology, Koc University School of Medicine, Istanbul, Turkey
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18
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Arve-Butler S, Mossberg A, Schmidt T, Welinder C, Yan H, Berthold E, Król P, Kahn R. Neutrophils Lose the Capacity to Suppress T Cell Proliferation Upon Migration Towards Inflamed Joints in Juvenile Idiopathic Arthritis. Front Immunol 2022; 12:795260. [PMID: 35095871 PMCID: PMC8792960 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.795260] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2021] [Accepted: 12/23/2021] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Neutrophils are highly abundant in synovial fluid of rheumatic inflamed joints. In oligoarticular juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA), synovial fluid neutrophils have impaired effector functions and altered phenotype. We hypothesized that these alterations might impact the immunoregulatory interplay between neutrophils and T cells. In this study we analyzed the suppressive effect of neutrophils, isolated from blood and synovial fluid of oligoarticular JIA patients, on CD4+ T cells activated by CD3/CD28 stimulation. JIA blood neutrophils suppressed T cell proliferation but synovial fluid neutrophils from several patients did not. The loss of T cell suppression was replicated in an in vitro transmigration assay, where healthy control neutrophils migrated into synovial fluid through transwell inserts with endothelial cells and synoviocytes. Non-migrated neutrophils suppressed proliferation of activated CD4+ T cells, but migrated neutrophils had no suppressive effect. Neutrophil suppression of T cells was partly dependent on reactive oxygen species (ROS), demonstrated by impaired suppression in presence of catalase. Migrated neutrophils had reduced ROS production compared to non-migrated neutrophils. A proteomic analysis of transwell-migrated neutrophils identified alterations in proteins related to neutrophil ROS production and degranulation, and biological processes involving protein transport, cell-cell contact and inflammation. In conclusion, neutrophils in synovial fluid of children with JIA have impaired capacity to suppress activated T cells, which may be due to reduced oxidative burst and alterations in proteins related to cell-cell contact and inflammation. The lack of T cell suppression by neutrophils in synovial fluid may contribute to local inflammation and autoimmune reactions in the JIA joint.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sabine Arve-Butler
- Department of Rheumatology, Clinical Sciences Lund, Lund University, Lund, Sweden.,Wallenberg Center for Molecular Medicine, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - Anki Mossberg
- Wallenberg Center for Molecular Medicine, Lund University, Lund, Sweden.,Department of Pediatrics, Clinical Sciences Lund, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - Tobias Schmidt
- Wallenberg Center for Molecular Medicine, Lund University, Lund, Sweden.,Department of Pediatrics, Clinical Sciences Lund, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - Charlotte Welinder
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Division of Oncology, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - Hong Yan
- Swedish National Infrastructure for Biological Mass Spectrometry, Biological Mass Spectrometry (BioMS), Lund, Sweden
| | - Elisabet Berthold
- Department of Rheumatology, Clinical Sciences Lund, Lund University, Lund, Sweden.,Wallenberg Center for Molecular Medicine, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - Petra Król
- Department of Pediatrics, Clinical Sciences Lund, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - Robin Kahn
- Wallenberg Center for Molecular Medicine, Lund University, Lund, Sweden.,Department of Pediatrics, Clinical Sciences Lund, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
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19
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Uddin MS, Kabir MT, Begum MM, Islam MS, Behl T, Ashraf GM. Exploring the Role of CLU in the Pathogenesis of Alzheimer's Disease. Neurotox Res 2021; 39:2108-2119. [PMID: 32820456 DOI: 10.1007/s12640-020-00271-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2020] [Revised: 08/05/2020] [Accepted: 08/10/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a chronic and devastating neurodegenerative disorder that is affecting elderly people at an increasing rate. Clusterin (CLU), an extracellular chaperone, is an ubiquitously expressed protein that can be identified in various body fluids and tissues. Expression of CLU can lead to various processes including suppression of complement system, lipid transport, chaperone function, and also controlling neuronal cell death and cell survival mechanisms. Studies have confirmed that the level of CLU expression is increased in AD. Furthermore, CLU also decreased the toxicity and aggregation of amyloid beta (Aβ). However when the Aβ level was far greater than CLU, then the amyloid generation was increased. CLU was also found to incorporate in the amyloid aggregates, which were more harmful as compared with the Aβ42 aggregates alone. Growing evidence indicates that CLU plays roles in AD pathogenesis via various processes, including aggregation and clearance of Aβ, neuroinflammation, lipid metabolism, Wnt signaling, copper homeostasis, and regulation of neuronal cell cycle and apoptosis. In this article, we represent the critical interaction of CLU and AD based on recent advances. Furthermore, we have also focused on the Aβ-dependent and Aβ-independent mechanisms by which CLU plays a role in AD pathogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Md Sahab Uddin
- Department of Pharmacy, Southeast University, Dhaka, Bangladesh.
- Pharmakon Neuroscience Research Network, Dhaka, Bangladesh.
| | | | | | | | - Tapan Behl
- Chitkara College of Pharmacy, Chitkara University, Rajpura, Punjab, India
| | - Ghulam Md Ashraf
- King Fahd Medical Research Center, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Medical Laboratory Technology, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
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20
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Laudanski K, Hajj J, Restrepo M, Siddiq K, Okeke T, Rader DJ. Dynamic Changes in Central and Peripheral Neuro-Injury vs. Neuroprotective Serum Markers in COVID-19 Are Modulated by Different Types of Anti-Viral Treatments but Do Not Affect the Incidence of Late and Early Strokes. Biomedicines 2021; 9:1791. [PMID: 34944606 PMCID: PMC8698659 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines9121791] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2021] [Revised: 11/15/2021] [Accepted: 11/19/2021] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The balance between neurodegeneration, neuroinflammation, neuroprotection, and COVID-19-directed therapy may underly the heterogeneity of SARS-CoV-2's neurological outcomes. A total of 105 patients hospitalized with a diagnosis of COVID-19 had serum collected over a 6 month period to assess neuroinflammatory (MIF, CCL23, MCP-1), neuro-injury (NFL, NCAM-1), neurodegenerative (KLK6, τ, phospho τ, amyloids, TDP43, YKL40), and neuroprotective (clusterin, fetuin, TREM-2) proteins. These were compared to markers of nonspecific inflammatory responses (IL-6, D-dimer, CRP) and of the overall viral burden (spike protein). Data regarding treatment (steroids, convalescent plasma, remdasavir), pre-existing conditions, and incidences of strokes were collected. Amyloid β42, TDP43, NF-L, and KLK6 serum levels declined 2-3 days post-admission, yet recovered to admission baseline levels by 7 days. YKL-40 and NCAM-1 levels remained elevated over time, with clusters of differential responses identified among TREM-2, TDP43, and YKL40. Fetuin was elevated after the onset of COVID-19 while TREM-2 initially declined before significantly increasing over time. MIF serum level was increased 3-7 days after admission. Ferritin correlated with TDP-43 and KLK6. No treatment with remdesivir coincided with elevations in Amyloid-β40. A lack of convalescent plasma resulted in increased NCAM-1 and total tau, and steroidal treatments did not significantly affect any markers. A total of 11 incidences of stroke were registered up to six months after initial admission for COVID-19. Elevated D-dimer, platelet counts, IL-6, and leukopenia were observed. Variable MIF serum levels differentiated patients with CVA from those who did not have a stroke during the acute phase of COVID-19. This study demonstrated concomitant and opposite changes in neurodegenerative and neuroprotective markers persisting well into recovery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Krzysztof Laudanski
- The Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
- Department of Neurology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
- The Leonard Davis Institute of Health Economics, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Jihane Hajj
- School of Nursing, Widener University, Philadelphia, PA 19013, USA;
| | - Mariana Restrepo
- College of Arts and Sciences, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA;
| | - Kumal Siddiq
- College of Arts and Sciences, Drexel University, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA;
| | - Tony Okeke
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Drexel University, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA;
| | - Daniel J. Rader
- Department of Genetics, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA;
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21
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Yoon T, Ahn SS, Pyo JY, Song JJ, Park YB, Lee SW. Serum Clusterin Level Could Reflect the Current Activity of Antineutrophil Cytoplasmic Antibody-Associated Vasculitis. Yonsei Med J 2021; 62:1016-1022. [PMID: 34672135 PMCID: PMC8542470 DOI: 10.3349/ymj.2021.62.11.1016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2021] [Revised: 08/26/2021] [Accepted: 09/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE We investigated whether serum clusterin levels could reflect the current antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibody (ANCA)-associated vasculitis (AAV)-specific indices. MATERIALS AND METHODS Fifty-seven patients with AAV and 40 healthy controls were included in this study. AAV-specific indices included the Short-Form 36-Item Health Survey Physical and Mental Component Summaries (SF-36 PCS and MCS) scores, Birmingham vasculitis activity score (BVAS), five-factor score (FFS), and vasculitis damage index. Clinical and laboratory data and AAV-specific indices were obtained at blood collection. The highest tertile of BVAS (≥16) was defined as high activity of AAV. RESULTS The median age of AAV patients was 64.0 years and 19 patients were male. SF-36 PCS score (r=0.328), SF-36 MCS score (r=0.289), BVAS (r=-0.404), erythrocyte sedimentation rate (r=-0.336), and C-reactive protein levels (r=-0.421) were significantly correlated with serum clusterin levels. In the multivariable linear regression analysis using AAV-specific indices and serum clusterin levels, both FFS (β=0.412) and serum clusterin levels (β=-0.250) were significantly associated with BVAS. When the optimal serum clusterin cut-off level for high activity of AAV was identified as 130.45 µg/mL, patients with serum clusterin level ≤130.45 µg/mL had a significantly higher risk for high activity of AAV than did those without (relative risk 7.194). Patients with AAV exhibited significantly lower serum clusterin levels than did healthy controls (168.2 µg/mL vs. 230.5 µg/mL). CONCLUSION Serum clusterin levels could reflect the current disease activity in patients with AAV.
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Affiliation(s)
- Taejun Yoon
- Department of Medical Science, BK21 Plus Project, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Sung Soo Ahn
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jung Yoon Pyo
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jason Jungsik Song
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
- Institute for Immunology and Immunological Diseases, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Yong-Beom Park
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
- Institute for Immunology and Immunological Diseases, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Sang-Won Lee
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
- Institute for Immunology and Immunological Diseases, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.
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22
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JNK signaling prevents biliary cyst formation through a CASPASE-8-dependent function of RIPK1 during aging. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2021; 118:2007194118. [PMID: 33798093 PMCID: PMC8000530 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2007194118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
JNK signaling has been studied intensively in models of liver physiology and disease, but previous studies had focused on young mice. However, it had not been recognized that JNK plays a fundamental role in maintaining liver homeostasis and preventing the formation of biliary cysts in aging mice. These observations call for caution in all long-term pharmacological inhibition strategies targeting the JNK pathway. Finally, our results provide evidence of a molecular link between JNK and the cell-death mediator RIPK1. The specific overexpression of RIPK1 in cysts of a subset of patients with polycystic liver disease suggests that RIPK1 might be mechanistically involved in the pathogenesis of human biliary cysts. The c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK) signaling pathway mediates adaptation to stress signals and has been associated with cell death, cell proliferation, and malignant transformation in the liver. However, up to now, its function was experimentally studied mainly in young mice. By generating mice with combined conditional ablation of Jnk1 and Jnk2 in liver parenchymal cells (LPCs) (JNK1/2LPC-KO mice; KO, knockout), we unraveled a function of the JNK pathway in the regulation of liver homeostasis during aging. Aging JNK1/2LPC-KO mice spontaneously developed large biliary cysts that originated from the biliary cell compartment. Mechanistically, we could show that cyst formation in livers of JNK1/2LPC-KO mice was dependent on receptor-interacting protein kinase 1 (RIPK1), a known regulator of cell survival, apoptosis, and necroptosis. In line with this, we showed that RIPK1 was overexpressed in the human cyst epithelium of a subset of patients with polycystic liver disease. Collectively, these data reveal a functional interaction between JNK signaling and RIPK1 in age-related progressive cyst development. Thus, they provide a functional linkage between stress adaptation and programmed cell death (PCD) in the maintenance of liver homeostasis during aging.
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Comparative study evaluating antihistamine versus leukotriene receptor antagonist as adjuvant therapy for rheumatoid arthritis. Eur J Clin Pharmacol 2021; 77:1825-1834. [PMID: 34218304 DOI: 10.1007/s00228-021-03181-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2021] [Accepted: 06/24/2021] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Investigating the efficacy and safety of rupatadine (RUP) versus montelukast (MON) as adjuvant therapy for patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA). METHODS From December 2018 to December 2019, 75 patients with active RA were enrolled in this randomized double-blind placebo-controlled study. The patients were randomized into three groups (n = 25 in each group); methotrexate (MTX) group which received MTX 15-25 mg/week plus placebo tablet once daily; MTX/RUP group which received MTX plus RUP 10 mg once daily; and MTX/MON group which received MTX plus MON 10 mg once daily. The treatment duration was 3 months. At baseline and 3 months after treatment, blood samples were collected for the biochemical analysis of high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP), interleukins 8 and 17 (IL-8, IL-17), E-selectin, and clusterin (CLU) levels. Clinical and functional assessments using Disease Activity Score-CRP (DAS28-CRP) and Multidimensional Health Assessment Questionnaire (MDHAQ) were performed. RESULTS Both RUP and MON produced clinical and functional improvements which were translated by significant improvements in DAS28-CRP score and MDHAQ. Rupatadine significantly reduced all measured parameters (P < 0.05) except for IL-17 and CLU. Montelukast significantly decreased all measured variables (P < 0.05) except for E-selectin. Interleukin-8 was positively correlated with IL-17 and CLU, while hs-CRP was positively correlated with E-selectin and body mass index (BMI). Both drugs were well tolerated; somnolence was the common side effect for RUP. No neuropsychiatric events were reported with MON. CONCLUSION Rupatadine or montelukast may serve as a potential adjuvant therapy for patients with rheumatoid arthritis secondary to the preliminary evidence of efficacy and safety. ClinicalTrials.gov identifier NCT03770923, December 10, 2018.
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de Campos TDP, da Cruz Rodrigues KC, Pereira RM, Anaruma CP, Dos Santos Canciglieri R, de Melo DG, da Silva ASR, Cintra DE, Ropelle ER, Pauli JR, de Moura LP. The protective roles of clusterin in ocular diseases caused by obesity and diabetes mellitus type 2. Mol Biol Rep 2021; 48:4637-4645. [PMID: 34036481 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-021-06419-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2021] [Accepted: 05/17/2021] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Obesity is a chronic, non-transmissible and multifactorial disease commonly associated with systemic inflammation and damage to health. This disorder has been pointed out as leading to the development of a diversity of eye diseases and, consequently, damage to visual acuity. More specifically, cardiometabolic risk is associated with lacrimal gland dysfunctions, since it changes the inflammatory profile favoring the development and worsening of dry eye disease. In more severe and extreme cases, obesity, inflammation, and diabetes mellitus type 2 can trigger the total loss of vision. In this scenario, besides its numerous metabolic functions, clusterin, an apolipoprotein, has been described as protective to the ocular surface through the seal mechanism. Thus, the current review aimed to explain the role of clusterin in dry eye disease that can be triggered by obesity and diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thaís Dantis Pereira de Campos
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology of Exercise (LaBMEx), School of Applied Sciences, University of Campinas, 1300 Pedro Zaccaria Street, Limeira, SP, Brazil
| | - Kellen Cristina da Cruz Rodrigues
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology of Exercise (LaBMEx), School of Applied Sciences, University of Campinas, 1300 Pedro Zaccaria Street, Limeira, SP, Brazil
| | - Rodrigo Martins Pereira
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology of Exercise (LaBMEx), School of Applied Sciences, University of Campinas, 1300 Pedro Zaccaria Street, Limeira, SP, Brazil
| | - Chadi Pellegrini Anaruma
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology of Exercise (LaBMEx), School of Applied Sciences, University of Campinas, 1300 Pedro Zaccaria Street, Limeira, SP, Brazil
| | - Raphael Dos Santos Canciglieri
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology of Exercise (LaBMEx), School of Applied Sciences, University of Campinas, 1300 Pedro Zaccaria Street, Limeira, SP, Brazil
| | - Diego Gomes de Melo
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology of Exercise (LaBMEx), School of Applied Sciences, University of Campinas, 1300 Pedro Zaccaria Street, Limeira, SP, Brazil
| | | | - Dennys Esper Cintra
- Laboratory of Nutritional Genomics (LABGeN), School of Applied Sciences, University of Campinas, Limeira, SP, Brazil
- CEPECE - Center of Research in Sport Sciences. School of Applied Sciences, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Limeira, SP, Brazil
| | - Eduardo Rochete Ropelle
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology of Exercise (LaBMEx), School of Applied Sciences, University of Campinas, 1300 Pedro Zaccaria Street, Limeira, SP, Brazil
- CEPECE - Center of Research in Sport Sciences. School of Applied Sciences, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Limeira, SP, Brazil
| | - José Rodrigo Pauli
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology of Exercise (LaBMEx), School of Applied Sciences, University of Campinas, 1300 Pedro Zaccaria Street, Limeira, SP, Brazil
- CEPECE - Center of Research in Sport Sciences. School of Applied Sciences, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Limeira, SP, Brazil
| | - Leandro Pereira de Moura
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology of Exercise (LaBMEx), School of Applied Sciences, University of Campinas, 1300 Pedro Zaccaria Street, Limeira, SP, Brazil.
- CEPECE - Center of Research in Sport Sciences. School of Applied Sciences, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Limeira, SP, Brazil.
- Postgraduate Program in Motricity Sciences, São Paulo State University (UNESP), São Paulo, Brazil.
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Cerqueira A, Romero-Gavilán F, García-Arnáez I, Martinez-Ramos C, Ozturan S, Izquierdo R, Azkargorta M, Elortza F, Gurruchaga M, Suay J, Goñi I. Characterization of magnesium doped sol-gel biomaterial for bone tissue regeneration: The effect of Mg ion in protein adsorption. MATERIALS SCIENCE & ENGINEERING. C, MATERIALS FOR BIOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS 2021; 125:112114. [PMID: 33965118 DOI: 10.1016/j.msec.2021.112114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2020] [Revised: 03/11/2021] [Accepted: 03/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Magnesium is the fourth most abundant element in the human body with a wide battery of functions in the maintenance of normal cell homeostasis. In the bone, this element incorporates in the hydroxyapatite structure and it takes part in mineral metabolism and regulates osteoclast functions. In this study, sol-gel materials with increasing concentrations of MgCl2 (0.5, 1, and 1.5%) were synthesized and applied onto Ti surfaces as coatings. The materials were first physicochemically characterized. In vitro responses were examined using the MC3T3-E1 osteoblastic cells and RAW264.7 macrophages. Human serum protein adsorption was evaluated employing nLC-MS/MS. The incorporation of Mg did not affect the crosslinking of the sol-gel network, and a controlled release of Mg was observed; it was not cytotoxic at any of the tested concentrations. The cytoskeleton arrangement of MC3T3-E1 cells cultured on the Mg-doped materials changed in comparison with controls; the cells became more elongated, with protruded lamellipodia and increased cell surface. The expression of integrins (ITGA5 and ITGB1) was boosted by Mg-coatings. The ALP activity and expression of TGF-β, OSX and RUNX2 genes were also increased. In RAW264.7 cells, TNF-α secretion was reduced, while TGF-β and IL-4 expression rose. These changes correlated with the altered protein adsorption patterns. The Mg-doped coatings showed increased adsorption of anti-inflammatory (CLUS, IC1, CFAH, and VTNC), cell adhesion (DSG1, FILA2, and DESP) and tissue regeneration (VTNC and CYTA) proteins. This integrated approach to biomaterial characterization revealed the potential of Mg in bone tissue regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andreia Cerqueira
- Department of Industrial Systems Engineering and Design, Universitat Jaume I, Av. Vicent Sos Baynat s/n, 12071 Castellón de la Plana, Spain
| | - Francisco Romero-Gavilán
- Department of Industrial Systems Engineering and Design, Universitat Jaume I, Av. Vicent Sos Baynat s/n, 12071 Castellón de la Plana, Spain.
| | - Iñaki García-Arnáez
- Departament of Science and Technology of Polymers, Universidad del País Vasco, P. M. de Lardizábal, 3, 20018 San Sebastián, Spain
| | - Cristina Martinez-Ramos
- Center for Biomaterials and Tissue Engineering, Universitat Politècnica de Valencia, Camino de Vera, s/n, 46022 Valencia, Spain
| | - Seda Ozturan
- Department of Periodontology, Faculty of Dentistry, Istanbul Medeniyet University, Dumlupınar D100 Karayolu, 98, 34720 Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Raúl Izquierdo
- Department of Industrial Systems Engineering and Design, Universitat Jaume I, Av. Vicent Sos Baynat s/n, 12071 Castellón de la Plana, Spain
| | - Mikel Azkargorta
- Proteomics Platform, CIC bioGUNE, Basque Research and Technology Alliance (BRTA), CIBERehd, ProteoRed-ISCIII, Bizkaia Science and Technology Park, 48160 Derio, Spain
| | - Félix Elortza
- Proteomics Platform, CIC bioGUNE, Basque Research and Technology Alliance (BRTA), CIBERehd, ProteoRed-ISCIII, Bizkaia Science and Technology Park, 48160 Derio, Spain
| | - Mariló Gurruchaga
- Departament of Science and Technology of Polymers, Universidad del País Vasco, P. M. de Lardizábal, 3, 20018 San Sebastián, Spain
| | - Julio Suay
- Department of Industrial Systems Engineering and Design, Universitat Jaume I, Av. Vicent Sos Baynat s/n, 12071 Castellón de la Plana, Spain
| | - Isabel Goñi
- Departament of Science and Technology of Polymers, Universidad del País Vasco, P. M. de Lardizábal, 3, 20018 San Sebastián, Spain
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Wittwer J, Bradley D. Clusterin and Its Role in Insulin Resistance and the Cardiometabolic Syndrome. Front Immunol 2021; 12:612496. [PMID: 33717095 PMCID: PMC7946829 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.612496] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2020] [Accepted: 02/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The cardiometabolic syndrome involves a clustering of metabolic and cardiovascular factors which increase the risk of patients developing both Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus and cardio/cerebrovascular disease. Although the mechanistic underpinnings of this link remain uncertain, key factors include insulin resistance, excess visceral adiposity, atherogenic dyslipidemia, and endothelial dysfunction. Of these, a state of resistance to insulin action in overweight/obese patients appears to be central to the pathophysiologic process. Given the increasing prevalence of obesity-related Type 2 Diabetes, coupled with the fact that cardiovascular disease is the number one cause of mortality in this patient population, a more thorough understanding of the cardiometabolic syndrome and potential options to mitigate its risk is imperative. Inherent in the pathogenesis of insulin resistance is an underlying state of chronic inflammation, at least partly in response to excess adiposity. Within obese adipose tissue, an immunomodulatory shift occurs, involving a preponderance of pro-inflammatory immune cells and cytokines/adipokines, along with antigen presentation by adipocytes. Therefore, various adipokines differentially expressed by obese adipocytes may have a significant effect on cardiometabolism. Clusterin is a molecular chaperone that is widely produced by many tissues throughout the body, but is also preferentially overexpressed by obese compared lean adipocytes and relates strongly to multiple components of the cardiometabolic syndrome. Herein, we summarize the known and potential roles of circulating and adipocyte-specific clusterin in cardiometabolism and discuss potential further investigations to determine if clusterin is a viable target to attenuate both metabolic and cardiovascular disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jennifer Wittwer
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Diabetes and Metabolism Research Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, United States
| | - David Bradley
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Diabetes and Metabolism Research Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, United States
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Werida RH, El-Gharbawy NM, Mostafa TM. Circulating IL-6, clusterin and irisin in obese subjects with different grades of obesity: association with insulin resistance and sexual dimorphism. ARCHIVES OF ENDOCRINOLOGY AND METABOLISM 2021; 65:126-136. [PMID: 33905632 PMCID: PMC10065324 DOI: 10.20945/2359-3997000000336] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Objective There are discrepancies about the relationship of IL-6, clusterin and irisin with obesity and obesity associated insulin resistance and also about their sexual dimorphism. This study aimed at evaluating the circulating levels of IL-6, clusterin and irisin in obese subjects of both sexes who had different grades of obesity and examining their sexual dimorphism and their association with insulin resistance. Methods This study included 176 non-diabetic subjects of both sexes who were classified according to their sex into two groups; the male and the female groups. The male group (88 men) was classified according to BMI into; group 1 (22 lean men), group 2 (22 class I obese men), group 3 (22 class II obese men) and group 4 (22 class III obese men). The female group (88 women) was classified according to BMI exactly as the male group. Metabolic parameters, IL-6, clusterin, and irisin levels were measured. Data were analyzed by ANOVA test, post hoc Tukey's test and independent t-test. Pearson correlation was used to assess the association between variables. Results In obese subjects of both sexes, circulating IL-6, clusterin and irisin levels were significantly elevated and positively correlated with HOMA-IR. Obese males showed significantly higher HOMA-IR, IL-6, clusterin and irisin levels than obese females. Conclusion Obesity in both sexes, especially in males was associated with high levels of IL-6, clusterin and irisin and worsened the metabolic pattern. Circulating IL-6, clusterin and irisin may represent possible therapeutic targets for insulin resistance in obese subjects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rehab H Werida
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy and Pharmacy Practice, Faculty of Pharmacy, Damanhur University, Damanhur, Egypt
| | - Nashwa M El-Gharbawy
- Department of Internal Medicine, Diabetes & Endocrinology Unit, Faculty of Medicine, Tanta University, Tanta, Egypt
| | - Tarek M Mostafa
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tanta University, Tanta, Egypt,
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Udomsinprasert W, Poovorawan Y, Chongsrisawat V, Vejchapipat P, Honsawek S. Decreased circulating clusterin reflects severe liver complications after hepatoportoenterostomy of biliary atresia. Sci Rep 2020; 10:19736. [PMID: 33184463 PMCID: PMC7665004 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-76875-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2020] [Accepted: 10/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
This study aimed to determine whether circulating levels of clusterin (CLU), an extracellular chaperone implicated in cholestatic and fibrotic processes, are associated with clinical parameters of post-operative BA patients and could serve as a BA biomarker. Ninety-six BA patients and 56 healthy controls were recruited. Circulating CLU levels were measured using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Circulating CLU levels were significantly reduced in BA patients – especially those with worse outcomes including jaundice, severe liver fibrosis, and late-stage of hepatic dysfunction. Multivariate linear regression analysis revealed that circulating CLU levels were negatively associated with outcome parameters indicating jaundice status, degree of fibrosis, and liver dysfunction, but positively correlated with serum albumin and platelet number of BA patients. Lower circulating CLU levels were considerably associated with poor survival of post-operative BA patients. Receiver-operating characteristic curve analysis demonstrated a diagnostic value of circulating CLU as a non-invasive indicator for poor outcomes of BA patients (AUC = 0.85), with a sensitivity of 81.5% and a specificity of 73.5%. All findings indicate that reduced circulating CLU might reflect poor outcomes of BA patients and have potential as a novel biomarker for the disease severity following Kasai-operation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wanvisa Udomsinprasert
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mahidol University, 447 Sri-Ayudthaya Road, Rajathevi, Bangkok, 10400, Thailand.
| | - Yong Poovorawan
- Center of Excellence in Clinical Virology, Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, King Chulalongkorn Memorial Hospital, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, 10330, Thailand
| | - Voranush Chongsrisawat
- Center of Excellence in Clinical Virology, Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, King Chulalongkorn Memorial Hospital, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, 10330, Thailand
| | - Paisarn Vejchapipat
- Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, King Chulalongkorn Memorial Hospital, Thai Red Cross Society, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, 10330, Thailand
| | - Sittisak Honsawek
- Osteoarthritis and Musculoskeleton Research Unit, Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, King Chulalongkorn Memorial Hospital, Thai Red Cross Society, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, 10330, Thailand.
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Barnum SR, Bubeck D, Schein TN. Soluble Membrane Attack Complex: Biochemistry and Immunobiology. Front Immunol 2020; 11:585108. [PMID: 33240274 PMCID: PMC7683570 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2020.585108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2020] [Accepted: 10/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
The soluble membrane attack complex (sMAC, a.k.a., sC5b-9 or TCC) is generated on activation of complement and contains the complement proteins C5b, C6, C7, C8, C9 together with the regulatory proteins clusterin and/or vitronectin. sMAC is a member of the MACPF/cholesterol-dependent-cytolysin superfamily of pore-forming molecules that insert into lipid bilayers and disrupt cellular integrity and function. sMAC is a unique complement activation macromolecule as it is comprised of several different subunits. To date no complement-mediated function has been identified for sMAC. sMAC is present in blood and other body fluids under homeostatic conditions and there is abundant evidence documenting changes in sMAC levels during infection, autoimmune disease and trauma. Despite decades of scientific interest in sMAC, the mechanisms regulating its formation in healthy individuals and its biological functions in both health and disease remain poorly understood. Here, we review the structural differences between sMAC and its membrane counterpart, MAC, and examine sMAC immunobiology with respect to its presence in body fluids in health and disease. Finally, we discuss the diagnostic potential of sMAC for diagnostic and prognostic applications and potential utility as a companion diagnostic.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Doryen Bubeck
- Department of Life Sciences, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
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30
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Ha J, Moon MK, Kim H, Park M, Cho SY, Lee J, Lee JY, Kim E. Plasma Clusterin as a Potential Link Between Diabetes and Alzheimer Disease. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2020; 105:5860166. [PMID: 32561922 DOI: 10.1210/clinem/dgaa378] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2020] [Accepted: 06/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Plasma clusterin, a promising biomarker of Alzheimer disease (AD), has been associated with diabetes mellitus (DM). However, clusterin has not been investigated considering a relationship with both DM and AD. In this study, we aimed to investigate the individual and interactive relationships of plasma clusterin levels with both diseases. DESIGN Cross-sectional observation study. METHODS We classified participants by the severity of cognitive (normal cognition, mild cognitive impairment [MCI], and AD) and metabolic (healthy control, prediabetes, and DM) impairments. We evaluated the cognitive and metabolic functions of the participants with neuropsychological assessments, brain magnetic resonance imaging, and various blood tests, to explore potential relationships with clusterin. RESULTS Plasma clusterin levels were higher in participants with AD and metabolic impairment (prediabetes and DM). A two-way ANCOVA revealed no synergistic, but an additive effect of AD and DM on clusterin. Clusterin was negatively correlated with cognitive scores. It was also associated with metabolic status indicated by glycated hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c), the Homeostatic Model Assessment for Insulin Resistance index, and fasting C-peptide. It showed correlations between medial temporal atrophy and periventricular white matter lesions, indicating neurodegeneration and microvascular insufficiency, respectively. Further mediation analysis to understand the triadic relationship between clusterin, AD, and DM revealed that the association between DM and AD was significant when clusterin is considered as a mediator of their relationship. CONCLUSIONS Clusterin is a promising biomarker of DM as well as of AD. Additionally, our data suggest that clusterin may have a role in linking DM with AD as a potential mediator.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junghee Ha
- Department of Psychiatry, Institute of Behavioral Science in Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Min Kyong Moon
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyunjeong Kim
- Department of Psychiatry, Institute of Behavioral Science in Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Brain Korea 21 Plus Project for Medical Science, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Minsun Park
- Department of Psychiatry, Institute of Behavioral Science in Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - So Yeon Cho
- Department of Psychiatry, Institute of Behavioral Science in Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Brain Korea 21 Plus Project for Medical Science, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jimin Lee
- Department of Psychiatry, Institute of Behavioral Science in Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jun-Young Lee
- Department of Psychiatry and Neuroscience Research Institute, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Eosu Kim
- Department of Psychiatry, Institute of Behavioral Science in Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Brain Korea 21 Plus Project for Medical Science, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
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Tarquini C, Pucci S, Scioli MG, Doldo E, Agostinelli S, D'Amico F, Bielli A, Ferlosio A, Caredda E, Tarantino U, Orlandi A. Clusterin exerts a cytoprotective and antioxidant effect in human osteoarthritic cartilage. Aging (Albany NY) 2020; 12:10129-10146. [PMID: 32516132 PMCID: PMC7346069 DOI: 10.18632/aging.103310] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2020] [Accepted: 04/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Osteoarthritis (OA) is the most common joint disease characterized by destruction of articular cartilage. OA-induced cartilage degeneration causes inflammation, oxidative stress and the hypertrophic shift of quiescent chondrocytes. Clusterin (CLU) is a ubiquitous glycoprotein implicated in many cellular processes and its upregulation has been recently reported in OA cartilage. However, the specific role of CLU in OA cartilage injury has not been investigated yet. We analyzed CLU expression in human articular cartilage in vivo and in cartilage-derived chondrocytes in vitro. CLU knockdown in OA chondrocytes was also performed and its effect on proliferation, hypertrophic phenotype, apoptosis, inflammation and oxidative stress was investigated. CLU expression was upregulated in human OA cartilage and in cultured OA cartilage-derived chondrocytes compared with control group. CLU knockdown reduced cell proliferation and increased hypertrophic phenotype as well as apoptotic death. CLU-silenced OA chondrocytes showed higher MMP13 and COL10A1 as well as greater TNF-α, Nox4 and ROS levels. Our results indicate a possible cytoprotective role of CLU in OA chondrocytes promoting cell survival by its anti-apoptotic, anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties and counteracting the hypertrophic phenotypic shift. Further studies are needed to deepen the role of CLU in order to identify a new potential therapeutic target for OA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chiara Tarquini
- Anatomic Pathology, Department of Biomedicine and Prevention, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy.,Orthopedics and Traumatology, Department of Clinical Sciences and Translational Medicine, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy
| | - Sabina Pucci
- Anatomic Pathology, Department of Biomedicine and Prevention, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy
| | - Maria Giovanna Scioli
- Anatomic Pathology, Department of Biomedicine and Prevention, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy
| | - Elena Doldo
- Anatomic Pathology, Department of Biomedicine and Prevention, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy
| | - Sara Agostinelli
- Anatomic Pathology, Department of Biomedicine and Prevention, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy
| | - Federico D'Amico
- Anatomic Pathology, Department of Biomedicine and Prevention, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy
| | - Alessandra Bielli
- Anatomic Pathology, Department of Biomedicine and Prevention, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy
| | - Amedeo Ferlosio
- Anatomic Pathology, Department of Biomedicine and Prevention, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy
| | - Emanuele Caredda
- Hygiene and Preventive Medicine, Department of Biomedicine and Prevention, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy
| | - Umberto Tarantino
- Orthopedics and Traumatology, Department of Clinical Sciences and Translational Medicine, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy
| | - Augusto Orlandi
- Anatomic Pathology, Department of Biomedicine and Prevention, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy.,Department of Biomedical Sciences, Catholic University Our Lady of Good Counsel, Tirana, Albania
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Barreto G, Soliymani R, Baumann M, Waris E, Eklund KK, Zenobi-Wong M, Lalowski M. Functional analysis of synovial fluid from osteoarthritic knee and carpometacarpal joints unravels different molecular profiles. Rheumatology (Oxford) 2020; 58:897-907. [PMID: 30085131 DOI: 10.1093/rheumatology/key232] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2018] [Revised: 06/25/2018] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE In this work, we aimed to elucidate the molecular mechanisms driving primary OA. By studying the dynamics of protein expression in two different types of OA joints we searched for similarities and disparities to identify key molecular mechanisms driving OA. METHODS For this purpose, human SF samples were obtained from CMC-I OA and knee joint of OA patients. SF samples were analysed by label-free quantitative liquid chromatography mass spectrometry. Disease-relevant proteins identified in proteomics studies, such as clusterin, paraoxonase/arylesterase 1 (PON1) and transthyretin were validated by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays, and on the mRNA level by droplet digital PCR. Functional studies were performed in vitro using primary chondrocytes. RESULTS Differential proteomic changes were observed in the concentration of 40 proteins including clusterin, PON1 and transthyretin. Immunoassay analyses of clusterin, PON1, transthyretin and other inflammatory cytokines confirmed significant differences in protein concentration in SF of CMC-I and knee OA patients, with primarily lower protein expression levels in CMC-I. Functional studies on chondrocytes unequivocally demonstrated that stimulation with SF obtained from knee OA, in contrast to CMC-I OA joint, caused a significant upregulation in pro-inflammatory response, cell death and hypertrophy. CONCLUSION This study demonstrates that differential expression of molecular players in SF from different OA joints evokes diverse effects on primary chondrocytes. The pathomolecular mechanisms of OA may significantly differ in various joints, a finding that brings a new dimension into the pathogenesis of primary OA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Goncalo Barreto
- Tissue Engineering + Biofabrication, ETH Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Rabah Soliymani
- Helsinki Institute for Life Science (HiLIFE) and Faculty of Medicine, Biochemistry/Developmental Biology, Meilahti Clinical Proteomics Core Facility, University of Helsinki, Finland
| | - Marc Baumann
- Helsinki Institute for Life Science (HiLIFE) and Faculty of Medicine, Biochemistry/Developmental Biology, Meilahti Clinical Proteomics Core Facility, University of Helsinki, Finland
| | - Eero Waris
- Department of Hand Surgery, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Central Hospital, Finland
| | - Kari K Eklund
- Rheumatology, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Central Hospital, Finland.,Orton Orthopaedic Hospital and Research Institute, Invalid Foundation, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Marcy Zenobi-Wong
- Tissue Engineering + Biofabrication, ETH Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Maciej Lalowski
- Helsinki Institute for Life Science (HiLIFE) and Faculty of Medicine, Biochemistry/Developmental Biology, Meilahti Clinical Proteomics Core Facility, University of Helsinki, Finland
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Clusterin Silencing in Prostate Cancer Induces Matrix Metalloproteinases by an NF- κB-Dependent Mechanism. JOURNAL OF ONCOLOGY 2019; 2019:4081624. [PMID: 31885575 PMCID: PMC6925831 DOI: 10.1155/2019/4081624] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2019] [Revised: 05/31/2019] [Accepted: 08/23/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Clusterin (CLU) is a stress-activated glycoprotein, whose expression is altered both in inflammation and cancer. Previously, we showed that abrogation of CLU expression in cancer-prone mice (TRAMP) results in the enhancement of tumor spreading and homing, concomitant with an enhanced expression of NF-κB. In the present paper, we carried out an extensive experimental work by utilizing microarray gene expression data, as well as in vitro and in vivo models of prostate cancer (PCa). Our results demonstrated that (i) CLU expression is significantly downregulated in human PCa and inversely correlates with the expression of p65 in metastases; (ii) CLU overexpression in PCa cells reduces the Ser536 phosphorylation of p65, inhibits NF-κB nuclear translocation, and reduces the transcription of matrix metalloproteinase-9 and metalloproteinase-2 (MMP-9 and MMP-2). Conversely, CLU silencing promotes NF-κB activation and transcriptional upregulation of MMP-9; and (iii) expression and activity of MMP-2 and MMP-9 are increased in CLU−/− mice (CLUKO) and in TRAMP/CLUKO mice in comparison to their relative Clu+/+ littermates. Taken together, our data support the hypothesis that CLU downregulation, an early and relevant event in PCa onset, may inhibit NF-κB activation and limit the execution of a transcriptional program that favor the disease progression towards a metastatic stage.
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Bathini P, Brai E, Auber LA. Olfactory dysfunction in the pathophysiological continuum of dementia. Ageing Res Rev 2019; 55:100956. [PMID: 31479764 DOI: 10.1016/j.arr.2019.100956] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2019] [Revised: 07/29/2019] [Accepted: 08/26/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Sensory capacities like smell, taste, hearing, vision decline with aging, but increasing evidence show that sensory dysfunctions are one of the early signs diagnosing the conversion from physiological to pathological brain state. Smell loss represents the best characterized sense in clinical practice and is considered as one of the first preclinical signs of Alzheimer's and Parkinson's disease, occurring a decade or more before the onset of cognitive and motor symptoms. Despite the numerous scientific reports and the adoption in clinical practice, the etiology of sensory damage as prodromal of dementia remains largely unexplored and more studies are needed to resolve the mechanisms underlying sensory network dysfunction. Although both cognitive and sensory domains are progressively affected, loss of sensory experience in early stages plays a major role in reducing the autonomy of demented people in their daily tasks or even possibly contributing to their cognitive decline. Interestingly, the chemosensory circuitry is devoid of a blood brain barrier, representing a vulnerable port of entry for neurotoxic species that can spread to the brain. Furthermore, the exposure of the olfactory system to the external environment make it more susceptible to mechanical injury and trauma, which can cause degenerative neuroinflammation. In this review, we will summarize several findings about chemosensory impairment signing the conversion from healthy to pathological brain aging and we will try to connect those observations to the promising research linking environmental influences to sporadic dementia. The scientific body of knowledge will support the use of chemosensory diagnostics in the presymptomatic stages of AD and other biomarkers with the scope of finding treatment strategies before the onset of the disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Praveen Bathini
- Department of Medicine, University of Fribourg, Fribourg, Switzerland
| | - Emanuele Brai
- VIB-KU Leuven Center for Brain & Disease Research, Laboratory for the Research of Neurodegenerative Diseases, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Lavinia Alberi Auber
- Department of Medicine, University of Fribourg, Fribourg, Switzerland; Swiss Integrative Center of Human Health, Fribourg, Switzerland.
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Kim H, Conway EM. Platelets and Complement Cross-Talk in Early Atherogenesis. Front Cardiovasc Med 2019; 6:131. [PMID: 31555668 PMCID: PMC6742699 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2019.00131] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2019] [Accepted: 08/22/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Atherosclerosis remains a ubiquitous and serious threat to human health. The initial formation of the atherosclerotic lesion (atheroma) is driven by pro-inflammatory signaling involving monocytes and vascular endothelial cells; later stages of the disease involve rupture of well-established atherosclerotic plaques, thrombosis, and blood vessel occlusion. While the central role of platelets in thrombosis is undisputed, platelets exhibit pro-inflammatory activities, and contribute to early-stage atheroma formation. Platelets also engage components of the complement system, an essential element of innate immunity that contributes to vascular inflammation. Here we provide an overview of the complex interplay between platelets and the complement system, with a focus on how the crosstalk between them may impact on the initiation of atheroma formation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hugh Kim
- Centre for Blood Research, Life Sciences Institute, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada.,Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada.,Faculty of Dentistry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Edward M Conway
- Centre for Blood Research, Life Sciences Institute, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada.,Faculty of Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
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Furtado JD, Yamamoto R, Melchior JT, Andraski AB, Gamez-Guerrero M, Mulcahy P, He Z, Cai T, Davidson WS, Sacks FM. Distinct Proteomic Signatures in 16 HDL (High-Density Lipoprotein) Subspecies. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 2019; 38:2827-2842. [PMID: 30571168 DOI: 10.1161/atvbaha.118.311607] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Objective- HDL (high-density lipoprotein) in plasma is a heterogeneous group of lipoproteins typically containing apo AI as the principal protein. Most HDLs contain additional proteins from a palate of nearly 100 HDL-associated polypeptides. We hypothesized that some of these proteins define distinct and stable apo AI HDL subspecies with unique proteomes that drive function and associations with disease. Approach and Results- We produced 17 plasma pools from 80 normolipidemic human participants (32 men, 48 women; aged 21-66 years). Using immunoaffinity isolation techniques, we isolated apo AI containing species from plasma and then used antibodies to 16 additional HDL protein components to isolate compositional subspecies. We characterized previously described HDL subspecies containing apo AII, apo CIII, and apo E; and 13 novel HDL subspecies defined by presence of apo AIV, apo CI, apo CII, apo J, α-1-antitrypsin, α-2-macroglobulin, plasminogen, fibrinogen, ceruloplasmin, haptoglobin, paraoxonase-1, apo LI, or complement C3. The novel species ranged in abundance from 1% to 18% of total plasma apo AI. Their concentrations were stable over time as demonstrated by intraclass correlations in repeated sampling from the same participants over 3 to 24 months (0.33-0.86; mean 0.62). Some proteomes of the subspecies relative to total HDL were strongly correlated, often among subspecies defined by similar functions: lipid metabolism, hemostasis, antioxidant, or anti-inflammatory. Permutation analysis showed that the proteomes of 12 of the 16 subspecies differed significantly from that of total HDL. Conclusions- Taken together, correlation and permutation analyses support speciation of HDL. Functional studies of these novel subspecies and determination of their relation to diseases may provide new avenues to understand the HDL system of lipoproteins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeremy D Furtado
- From the Department of Nutrition (J.D.F., R.Y., A.B.A., M.G.-G., P.M., F.M.S.), Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA
| | - Rain Yamamoto
- From the Department of Nutrition (J.D.F., R.Y., A.B.A., M.G.-G., P.M., F.M.S.), Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA.,Food and Agriculture Organization, United Nations (R.Y.)
| | - John T Melchior
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Cincinnati, OH (J.T.M., W.S.D.)
| | - Allison B Andraski
- From the Department of Nutrition (J.D.F., R.Y., A.B.A., M.G.-G., P.M., F.M.S.), Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA
| | - Maria Gamez-Guerrero
- From the Department of Nutrition (J.D.F., R.Y., A.B.A., M.G.-G., P.M., F.M.S.), Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA.,Harpoon Therapeutics (M.G.-G.)
| | - Patrick Mulcahy
- From the Department of Nutrition (J.D.F., R.Y., A.B.A., M.G.-G., P.M., F.M.S.), Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA.,Shire Pharmaceuticals (P.M.)
| | - Zeling He
- Department of Biostatistics (Z.H., T.C.), Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA
| | - Tianxi Cai
- Department of Biostatistics (Z.H., T.C.), Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA
| | - W Sean Davidson
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Cincinnati, OH (J.T.M., W.S.D.)
| | - Frank M Sacks
- From the Department of Nutrition (J.D.F., R.Y., A.B.A., M.G.-G., P.M., F.M.S.), Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA
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Schenk M, Eichelmann F, Schulze MB, Rudovich N, Pfeiffer AF, di Giuseppe R, Boeing H, Aleksandrova K. Reproducibility of novel immune-inflammatory biomarkers over 4 months: an analysis with repeated measures design. Biomark Med 2019; 13:639-648. [PMID: 31157547 DOI: 10.2217/bmm-2018-0351] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Aim: Assessment of the feasibility and reliability of immune-inflammatory biomarker measurements. Methods: The following biomarkers were assessed in 207 predominantly healthy participants at baseline and after 4 months: MMF, TGF-β, suPAR and clusterin. Results: Intraclass correlation coefficients (95% CIs) ranged from good for TGF-β (0.75 [95% CI: 0.33-0.90]) to excellent for MMF (0.81 [95% CI: 0.64-0.90]), clusterin (0.83 [95% CI: 0.78-0.87]) and suPAR (0.91 [95% CI: 0.88-0.93]). Measurement of TGF-β was challenged by the large number of values below the detection limit. Conclusion: Single measurements of suPAR, clusterin and MMF could serve as feasible and reliable biomarkers of immune-inflammatory pathways in biomedical research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew Schenk
- Senior Scientist Group Nutrition, Immunity & Metabolism, Department of Nutrition & Gerontology, German Institute of Human Nutrition Potsdam-Rehbruecke, Nuthetal, Germany
| | - Fabian Eichelmann
- Senior Scientist Group Nutrition, Immunity & Metabolism, Department of Nutrition & Gerontology, German Institute of Human Nutrition Potsdam-Rehbruecke, Nuthetal, Germany
| | - Matthias B Schulze
- Department of Molecular Epidemiology, German Institute of Human Nutrition Potsdam-Rehbruecke, Nuthetal, Germany.,German Centre for Diabetes Research, Germany.,DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), partner site Berlin, Berlin, Germany.,University of Potsdam, Institute of Nutritional Science, Potsdam, Germany
| | - Natalia Rudovich
- German Centre for Diabetes Research, Germany.,Department of Clinical Nutrition, German Institute of Human Nutrition Potsdam-Rehbruecke, Nuthetal, Germany.,Department of Endocrinology, Diabetes & Nutrition, Campus Benjamin Franklin, Charité University Medicine, Berlin, Germany.,Division of Endocrinology & Diabetes, Department of Internal Medicine, Spital Bülach, Bülach, Switzerland
| | - Andreas F Pfeiffer
- German Centre for Diabetes Research, Germany.,Department of Clinical Nutrition, German Institute of Human Nutrition Potsdam-Rehbruecke, Nuthetal, Germany.,Department of Endocrinology, Diabetes & Nutrition, Campus Benjamin Franklin, Charité University Medicine, Berlin, Germany
| | - Romina di Giuseppe
- Institute of Epidemiology, Christian-Albrechts University Kiel, Kiel, Germany
| | - Heiner Boeing
- Department of Epidemiology, German Institute of Human Nutrition Potsdam-Rehbruecke, Nuthetal, Germany
| | - Krasimira Aleksandrova
- Senior Scientist Group Nutrition, Immunity & Metabolism, Department of Nutrition & Gerontology, German Institute of Human Nutrition Potsdam-Rehbruecke, Nuthetal, Germany.,University of Potsdam, Institute of Nutritional Science, Potsdam, Germany
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Clusterin silencing restores myoblasts viability and down modulates the inflammatory process in osteoporotic disease. J Transl Med 2019; 17:118. [PMID: 30967152 PMCID: PMC6457035 DOI: 10.1186/s12967-019-1868-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2018] [Accepted: 03/30/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Targeting new molecular pathways leading to Osteoporosis (OP) and Osteoarthritis (OA) is a hot topic for drug discovery. Clusterin (CLU) is a glycoprotein involved in inflammation, proliferation, cell death, neoplastic disease, Alzheimer disease and aging. The present study focuses on the expression and the role of CLU in influencing the decrease of muscle mass and fiber senescence in OP-OA condition. Methods Vastus lateralis muscle biopsies were collected from 20 women with OP undergoing surgery for fragility hip fracture and 20 women undergoing arthroplasty for hip osteoarthritis. Results We found an overexpression of CLU in degenerated fibers in OP closely correlated with interleukin 6 (IL6) and histone H4 acetylation level. Conversely, in OA muscle tissues we observed a weak expression of CLU but no nuclear histone H4 acetylation. Ex vivo studies on isolated human myoblasts confirmed CLU overexpression in OP as compared to OA (p < 0.001). CLU treatment of isolated OP and OA myoblasts showed: modulation of proliferation, morphological changes, increase of histone H4 acetylation and induction of myogenin (MYOG) activation in OP myoblast only. In OP condition, functional knockdown of CLU by siRNA restores proliferative myoblasts capability and tissue damage repair, carried out by an evident upregulation of Transglutaminase 2 (TGM2). We also observed downmodulation of CX3CR1 expression with consequent impairing of the inflammatory infiltrate recruitment. Conclusions Results obtained suggest a potential role of CLU in OP by influencing myoblasts terminal differentiation, epigenetic regulation of muscle cell differentiation and senescence. Moreover, CLU silencing points out its role in the modulation of tissue damage repair and inflammation, proposing it as a new diagnostic marker for muscle degeneration and a potential target for specific therapeutic intervention in OP related sarcopenia.
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Conway EM. Polyphosphates and Complement Activation. Front Med (Lausanne) 2019; 6:67. [PMID: 31019911 PMCID: PMC6458250 DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2019.00067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2019] [Accepted: 03/18/2019] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
To sustain life in environments that are fraught with risks of life-threatening injury, organisms have developed innate protective strategies such that the response to wounds is rapid and localized, with the simultaneous recruitment of molecular, biochemical, and cellular pathways that limit bleeding and eliminate pathogens and damaged host cells, while promoting effective healing. These pathways are both coordinated and tightly regulated, as their over- or under-activation may lead to inadequate healing, disease, and/or demise of the host. Recent advances in our understanding of coagulation and complement, a key component of innate immunity, have revealed an intriguing linkage of the two systems. Cell-secreted polyphosphate promotes coagulation, while dampening complement activation, discoveries that are providing insights into disease mechanisms and suggesting novel therapeutic strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Edward M Conway
- Division of Hematology, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Centre for Blood Research, Life Sciences Institute, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
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40
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Kurgan N, Noaman N, Pergande MR, Cologna SM, Coorssen JR, Klentrou P. Changes to the Human Serum Proteome in Response to High Intensity Interval Exercise: A Sequential Top-Down Proteomic Analysis. Front Physiol 2019; 10:362. [PMID: 31001142 PMCID: PMC6454028 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2019.00362] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2018] [Accepted: 03/14/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Exercise has been shown to improve health status and prevent chronic diseases. In contrast, overtraining can lead to maladaptation and detrimental health outcomes. These outcomes appear to be mediated in part by released peptides and, potentially, alterations in protein abundances and their modified forms, termed proteoforms. Proteoform biomarkers that either predict the beneficial effects of exercise or indicate (mal)adaptation are yet to be elucidated. Thus, we assessed the influence of high-intensity interval exercise (HIIE) on the human serum proteome to identify novel exercise-regulated proteoforms. To this end, a top-down proteomics approach was used, whereby two-dimensional gel electrophoresis was used to resolve and differentially profile intact proteoforms, followed by protein identification via liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry. Blood was collected from six young-adult healthy males, pre-exercise and 5 min and 1 h post-exercise. Exercise consisted of a maximal cycle ergometer test followed by 8 min × 1 min high-intensity intervals at 90% W max, with 1 min non-active recovery between intervals. Twenty resolved serum proteoforms changed significantly in abundance at 5 min and/or 1 h post-HIIE, including apolipoproteins, serpins (protease inhibitors), and immune system proteins, known to have broad anti-inflammatory and antioxidant effects, involvement in lipid clearance, and cardio-/neuro-protective effects. This initial screening for potential biomarkers indicates that a top-down analytical proteomic approach may prove useful in further characterizing the response to exercise and in understanding the molecular mechanisms that lead to health benefits, as well as identifying novel biomarkers for exercise (mal)adaptation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nigel Kurgan
- Department of Kinesiology, Brock University, St. Catharines, ON, Canada
- Centre for Bone and Muscle Health, Brock University, St. Catharines, ON, Canada
| | - Nour Noaman
- Department of Health Sciences, Brock University, St. Catharines, ON, Canada
- Department of Biological Sciences, Brock University, St. Catharines, ON, Canada
- Molecular Medicine Research Group, Department of Molecular Physiology, School of Medicine, Western Sydney University, Campbelltown, NSW, Australia
| | - Melissa R. Pergande
- Department of Chemistry, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, United States
| | - Stephanie M. Cologna
- Department of Chemistry, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, United States
| | - Jens R. Coorssen
- Department of Health Sciences, Brock University, St. Catharines, ON, Canada
- Department of Biological Sciences, Brock University, St. Catharines, ON, Canada
| | - Panagiota Klentrou
- Department of Kinesiology, Brock University, St. Catharines, ON, Canada
- Centre for Bone and Muscle Health, Brock University, St. Catharines, ON, Canada
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Sun C, Xie G, Huang F, Liu X. Effects of Calcium Oxalate on Expression of Clusterin and Lower Urinary Tract Symptoms in Prostatitis and Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia Patients with Calculi. Med Sci Monit 2018; 24:9196-9203. [PMID: 30560838 PMCID: PMC6320640 DOI: 10.12659/msm.911505] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Prostatic calculi are common in urological treatments. Our major purpose in the present study was to explore the occurrence and composition of prostatic calculi, and investigate the effect of calcium oxalate (CaOx) on clusterin expression and lower urinary tract symptom (LUTS) in prostatitis and benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) patients with calculi. Material/Methods From December 2016 to January 2017, a total of 79 prostatitis patients aged more than 50 years were enrolled. The patients were divided into 3 groups: group A had small calculi (discrete, small echoes); group B had large calculi (large masses of multiple echoes, much coarser), and group C had no calculi. Immunohistochemical analysis was performed to evaluate the tissue scores. The clusterin expression was detected by quantitative real-time CR (qRT-PCR), Western blot, and immunofluorescence. Results According to multifactor analysis, age was significantly associated with prostatic calculus. The composition of prostatic calculus was an independent factor of LUTS. The clusterin expression was elevated in group B. The mRNA and protein levels of clusterin in prostatitis and BPH patients with stones were obviously higher than those in prostatitis and BPH patients without stones. CaOx enhanced clusterin expression in a dose-dependent manner. Conclusions Large prostatic calculi were associated with LUST. Furthermore, CaOx enhanced clusterin expression, leading to large prostatic calculi. These results may provide a therapeutic strategy for prostatitis and BPH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chengliang Sun
- Department of Urology, Wuhan Asia General Hospital, Wuhan, Hubei, China (mainland)
| | - Guocui Xie
- Department of Urology, Tongren Hospital of Wuhan University (Wuhan Third Hospital), Wuhan, Hubei, China (mainland)
| | - Fei Huang
- Department of Rehabilitation, Hubei Provincial Hospital of TCM (Hubei Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine), Wuhan, Hubei, China (mainland)
| | - Xukun Liu
- Department of Urology, Tongren Hospital of Wuhan University (Wuhan Third Hospital), Wuhan, Hubei, China (mainland)
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Romero-Gavilán F, Araújo-Gomes N, García-Arnáez I, Martínez-Ramos C, Elortza F, Azkargorta M, Iloro I, Gurruchaga M, Suay J, Goñi I. The effect of strontium incorporation into sol-gel biomaterials on their protein adsorption and cell interactions. Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces 2018; 174:9-16. [PMID: 30408675 DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfb.2018.10.075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2018] [Revised: 10/11/2018] [Accepted: 10/25/2018] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
It is known strontium can both inhibit the osteoclast formation and stimulate the osteoblast maturation, so biomaterials containing this element can favour bone structure stabilisation. The addition of Sr to biomaterials could affect their interactions with proteins and cells. Here, a silica-hybrid sol-gel network doped with different amounts of SrCl2 and applied as coatings on titanium discs was examined. in vitro analysis was performed to determine the potential effect of Sr in the coatings, showing enhanced gene expression of osteogenic markers (alkaline phosphatase and transforming growth factor-β) in MC3T3-E1 incubated with Sr-doped biomaterials. The examination of inflammatory markers (tumour necrosis factor-α and interleukin 10) in RAW 264.7 macrophages revealed an anti-inflammatory potential of these materials. Proteins adsorbed onto the coatings incubated with human serum (3 h at 37 °C) were also analysed; mass spectrometry was used to characterise the proteins adhering to materials with different Sr content. Adding Sr to the coatings increased their affinity to APOE and VTNC proteins (associated with anti-inflammatory and osteogenic functions). Moreover, the proteins involved in coagulation processes, such as prothrombin, were more abundant on the coatings containing Sr than on the base sol-gel surfaces. Correlations between gene expression and proteomic results were also examined.
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Affiliation(s)
- F Romero-Gavilán
- Departamento de Ingeniería de Sistemas Industriales y Diseño, Universitat Jaume I, Av. Vicent-Sos Baynat s/n. Castellón 12071. Spain
| | - N Araújo-Gomes
- Departamento de Ingeniería de Sistemas Industriales y Diseño, Universitat Jaume I, Av. Vicent-Sos Baynat s/n. Castellón 12071. Spain; Department of Medicine. Universitat Jaume I, Av. Vicent-Sos Baynat s/n. Castellón 12071. Spain.
| | - I García-Arnáez
- Facultad de Ciencias Químicas. Universidad del País Vasco (UPV/EHU). P. M. de Lardizábal, 3. San Sebastián 20018. Spain
| | - C Martínez-Ramos
- Department of Medicine. Universitat Jaume I, Av. Vicent-Sos Baynat s/n. Castellón 12071. Spain
| | - F Elortza
- Proteomics Platform, CIC bioGUNE, CIBERehd, ProteoRed-ISCIII, Bizkaia Science and Technology Park, 48160 Derio, Spain
| | - M Azkargorta
- Proteomics Platform, CIC bioGUNE, CIBERehd, ProteoRed-ISCIII, Bizkaia Science and Technology Park, 48160 Derio, Spain
| | - I Iloro
- Proteomics Platform, CIC bioGUNE, CIBERehd, ProteoRed-ISCIII, Bizkaia Science and Technology Park, 48160 Derio, Spain
| | - M Gurruchaga
- Facultad de Ciencias Químicas. Universidad del País Vasco (UPV/EHU). P. M. de Lardizábal, 3. San Sebastián 20018. Spain
| | - J Suay
- Departamento de Ingeniería de Sistemas Industriales y Diseño, Universitat Jaume I, Av. Vicent-Sos Baynat s/n. Castellón 12071. Spain
| | - I Goñi
- Facultad de Ciencias Químicas. Universidad del País Vasco (UPV/EHU). P. M. de Lardizábal, 3. San Sebastián 20018. Spain
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Identification of serum proteome signature of irritable bowel syndrome: Potential utility of the tool for early diagnosis and patient's stratification. J Proteomics 2018; 188:167-172. [PMID: 28757466 DOI: 10.1016/j.jprot.2017.07.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2017] [Revised: 07/24/2017] [Accepted: 07/25/2017] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
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Araújo-Gomes N, Romero-Gavilán F, García-Arnáez I, Martínez-Ramos C, Sánchez-Pérez AM, Azkargorta M, Elortza F, de Llano JJM, Gurruchaga M, Goñi I, Suay J. Osseointegration mechanisms: a proteomic approach. J Biol Inorg Chem 2018; 23:459-470. [PMID: 29572572 DOI: 10.1007/s00775-018-1553-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2018] [Accepted: 03/19/2018] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
The prime objectives in the development of biomaterials for dental applications are to improve the quality of osseointegration and to short the time needed to achieve it. Design of implants nowadays involves changes in the surface characteristics to obtain a good cellular response. Incorporating osteoinductive elements is one way to achieve the best regeneration possible post-implantation. This study examined the osteointegrative potential of two distinct biomaterials: sandblasted acid-etched titanium and a silica sol-gel hybrid coating, 70% MTMOS-30% TEOS. In vitro, in vivo, and proteomic characterisations of the two materials were conducted. Enhanced expression levels of ALP and IL-6 in the MC3T3-E1 cells cultured with coated discs, suggest that growing cells on such surfaces may increase mineralisation levels. 70M30T-coated implants showed improved bone growth in vivo compared to uncoated titanium. Complete osseointegration was achieved on both. However, coated implants displayed osteoinductive properties, while uncoated implants demonstrated osteoconductive characteristics. Coagulation-related proteins attached predominantly to SAE-Ti surface. Surface properties of the material might drive the regenerative process of the affected tissue. Analysis of the proteins on the coated dental implant showed that few proteins specifically attached to its surface, possibly indicating that its osteoinductive properties depend on the silicon delivery from the implant.
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Affiliation(s)
- N Araújo-Gomes
- Departamento de Ingeniería de Sistemas Industriales y Diseño, Universitat Jaume I, Av. Vicent-Sos Baynat s/n, 12071, Castellón, Spain.,Department of Medicine, Universitat Jaume I, Av. Vicent-Sos Baynat s/n, 12071, Castellón, Spain
| | - F Romero-Gavilán
- Departamento de Ingeniería de Sistemas Industriales y Diseño, Universitat Jaume I, Av. Vicent-Sos Baynat s/n, 12071, Castellón, Spain.
| | - I García-Arnáez
- Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad del País Vasco, P. M. de Lardizábal, 3, 20018, San Sebastián, Spain
| | - C Martínez-Ramos
- Department of Medicine, Universitat Jaume I, Av. Vicent-Sos Baynat s/n, 12071, Castellón, Spain
| | - A M Sánchez-Pérez
- Department of Medicine, Universitat Jaume I, Av. Vicent-Sos Baynat s/n, 12071, Castellón, Spain
| | - M Azkargorta
- Proteomics Platform, CIC bioGUNE, CIBERehd, ProteoRed-ISCIII, Bizkaia Science and Technology Park, 48160, Derio, Spain
| | - F Elortza
- Proteomics Platform, CIC bioGUNE, CIBERehd, ProteoRed-ISCIII, Bizkaia Science and Technology Park, 48160, Derio, Spain
| | - J J Martín de Llano
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Health Research Institute of the Hospital Clínico (INCLIVA), University of Valencia, 46010, Valencia, Spain
| | - M Gurruchaga
- Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad del País Vasco, P. M. de Lardizábal, 3, 20018, San Sebastián, Spain
| | - I Goñi
- Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad del País Vasco, P. M. de Lardizábal, 3, 20018, San Sebastián, Spain
| | - J Suay
- Departamento de Ingeniería de Sistemas Industriales y Diseño, Universitat Jaume I, Av. Vicent-Sos Baynat s/n, 12071, Castellón, Spain
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Bae CH, Na HG, Choi YS, Song SY, Kim YD. Clusterin Induces MUC5AC Expression via Activation of NF-κB in Human Airway Epithelial Cells. Clin Exp Otorhinolaryngol 2018; 11:124-132. [PMID: 29316784 PMCID: PMC5951062 DOI: 10.21053/ceo.2017.00493] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2017] [Revised: 10/08/2017] [Accepted: 11/10/2017] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Objectives Clusterin (CLU) is known as apolipoprotein J, and has three isoforms with different biological functions. CLU is associated with various diseases such as Alzheimer disease, atherosclerosis, and some malignancies. Recent studies report an association of CLU with inflammation and immune response in inflammatory airway diseases. However, the effect of CLU on mucin secretion of airway epithelial cells has not yet been understood. Therefore, the effect and brief signaling pathway of CLU on MUC5AC (as a major secreted mucin) expression were investigated in human airway epithelial cells. Methods In the tissues of nasal polyp and normal inferior turbinate, the presence of MUC5AC and CLU was investigated using immunohistochemical stain and Western blot analysis. In mucin-producing human NCI-H292 airway epithelial cells and primary cultures of normal nasal epithelial cells, the effect and nuclear factor kappa-light-chain-enhancer of activated B cells (NF-κB) signaling pathway of CLU on MUC5AC expression were investigated using immunohistochemical stain, reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction, real-time polymerase chain reaction, enzyme immunoassay, and Western blot analysis. Results In the nasal polyps, MUC5AC and CLU were abundantly present in the epithelium on immunohistochemical stain, and nuclear CLU (nCLU) was strongly detected on Western blot analysis. In human NCI-H292 airway epithelial cells or the primary cultures of normal nasal epithelial cells, recombinant nCLU increased MUC5AC expression, and significantly activated phosphorylation of NF-κB. And BAY 11-7085 (a specific NF-κB inhibitor) and knockdown of NF-κB by NF-κB siRNA (small interfering RNA) significantly attenuated recombinant nCLU-induced MUC5AC expression. Conclusion These results suggest that nCLU induces MUC5AC expression via the activation of NF-κB signaling pathway in human airway epithelial cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chang Hoon Bae
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Yeungnam University College of Medicine, Daegu, Korea
| | - Hyung Gyun Na
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Yeungnam University College of Medicine, Daegu, Korea
| | - Yoon Seok Choi
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Yeungnam University College of Medicine, Daegu, Korea
| | - Si-Youn Song
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Yeungnam University College of Medicine, Daegu, Korea
| | - Yong-Dae Kim
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Yeungnam University College of Medicine, Daegu, Korea.,Regional Center for Respiratory Diseases, Yeungnam University Medical Center, Daegu, Korea
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Seo JA, Kang MC, Ciaraldi TP, Kim SS, Park KS, Choe C, Hwang WM, Lim DM, Farr O, Mantzoros C, Henry RR, Kim YB. Circulating ApoJ is closely associated with insulin resistance in human subjects. Metabolism 2018; 78:155-166. [PMID: 28986164 PMCID: PMC5765540 DOI: 10.1016/j.metabol.2017.09.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2016] [Revised: 09/19/2017] [Accepted: 09/20/2017] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Insulin resistance is a major risk factor for type 2 diabetes. ApolipoproteinJ (ApoJ) has been implicated in altered pathophysiologic states including cardiovascular and Alzheimer's disease. However, the function of ApoJ in regulation of glucose homeostasis remains unclear. This study sought to determine whether serum ApoJ levels are associated with insulin resistance in human subjects and if they change after interventions that improve insulin sensitivity. METHODS Serum ApoJ levels and insulin resistance status were assessed in nondiabetic (ND) and type 2 diabetic (T2D) subjects. The impacts of rosiglitazone or metformin therapy on serum ApoJ levels and glucose disposal rate (GDR) during a hyperinsulinemic/euglycemic clamp were evaluated in a separate cohort of T2D subjects. Total ApoJ protein or that associated with the HDL and LDL fractions was measured by immunoblotting or ELISA. RESULTS Fasting serum ApoJ levels were greatly elevated in T2D subjects (ND vs T2D; 100±8.3 vs. 150.6±8.5AU, P<0.0001). Circulating ApoJ levels strongly correlated with fasting glucose, fasting insulin, HOMA-IR, and BMI. ApoJ levels were significantly and independently associated with HOMA-IR, even after adjustment for age, sex, and BMI. Rosiglitazone treatment in T2D subjects resulted in a reduction in serum ApoJ levels (before vs. after treatment; 100±13.9 vs. 77±15.2AU, P=0.015), whereas metformin had no effect on ApoJ levels. The change in ApoJ levels during treatment was inversely associated with the change in GDR. Interestingly, ApoJ content in the LDL fraction was inversely associated with HOMA-IR. CONCLUSION Serum ApoJ levels are closely correlated with the magnitude of insulin resistance regardless of obesity, and decrease along with improvement of insulin resistance in response only to rosiglitazone in type 2 diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ji A Seo
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02215, United States; Division of Endocrinology, Department of Internal Medicine, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Min-Cheol Kang
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02215, United States
| | - Theodore P Ciaraldi
- Veterans Affairs San Diego Healthcare System (9111G), San Diego, CA 92161, United States; Department of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, United States
| | - Sang Soo Kim
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02215, United States
| | - Kyong Soo Park
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea; Department of Molecular Medicine and Biopharmaceutical Sciences, Graduate School of Convergence Science and Technology, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Charles Choe
- Veterans Affairs San Diego Healthcare System (9111G), San Diego, CA 92161, United States; Department of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, United States
| | - Won Min Hwang
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02215, United States; Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, Konyang University, Daejeon, Korea
| | - Dong Mee Lim
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02215, United States; Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, Konyang University, Daejeon, Korea
| | - Olivia Farr
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02215, United States
| | - Christos Mantzoros
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02215, United States
| | - Robert R Henry
- Veterans Affairs San Diego Healthcare System (9111G), San Diego, CA 92161, United States; Department of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, United States
| | - Young-Bum Kim
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02215, United States; Department of Molecular Medicine and Biopharmaceutical Sciences, Graduate School of Convergence Science and Technology, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea.
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Identification of a panel of serum protein markers in early stage of sepsis and its validation in a cohort of patients. JOURNAL OF MICROBIOLOGY, IMMUNOLOGY, AND INFECTION = WEI MIAN YU GAN RAN ZA ZHI 2017; 51:465-472. [PMID: 28655573 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmii.2016.12.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2016] [Revised: 11/18/2016] [Accepted: 12/13/2016] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Sepsis is a life-threatening illness with a challenging diagnosis. Current serum biomarkers are not sensitive enough for diagnosis. With the aim of finding proteins associated with sepsis, serum protein profile was compared between patients and healthy donors and serum classical inflammatory proteins were analyzed in both groups. METHODS Serum protein profiles were characterized by two-dimensional electrophoresis (2DE). Identification of the proteins was carried out by mass spectrophotometry and their validation was performed by Enzyme-Linked-ImmunoSorbent Assay (ELISA) in a cohort of 85 patients and 67 healthy donors. Seven classical inflammatory proteins were analyzed in the same cohort by ELISA: interleukin-2 receptor α-chain (sCD25), scavenger receptor cysteine-rich-type-1 (sCD163), tumor-necrosis factor receptor superfamily-member-6 (sFas), hemeoxigenase-1 decycling (HO-1), interleukin-6 (IL-6), interleukin-18 (IL-18) and intercellular adhesion-molecule-1 (sICAM-1). RESULTS After 2DE, 20 significantly differently expressed spots were identified by mass spectrometry analysis, revealing deregulation of six different proteins upon sepsis and 50% were validated by ELISA: Antithrombin-III (AT-III), Clusterin (CLUS) and Serum amyloid A-1 (SAA-1). Serum concentration of AT-III and CLUS was significantly lower in patients' serum, whereas SAA-1 showed higher values in septic patients. Serum concentration of the seven inflammatory proteins was significantly increased in septic patients. Functional analysis of the ten deregulated proteins revealed an enrichment of proteins related mainly to the activation of the immune response. CONCLUSION We have identified a panel of ten potential sepsis marker proteins biologically connected and validated in a large number of patients, whose analysis could be considered as a complementary tool for the diagnosis of sepsis.
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Ting KR, Henry M, Meiller J, Larkin A, Clynes M, Meleady P, Bazou D, Dowling P, O'Gorman P. Novel panel of protein biomarkers to predict response to bortezomib-containing induction regimens in multiple myeloma patients. BBA CLINICAL 2017; 8:28-34. [PMID: 28725572 PMCID: PMC5502697 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbacli.2017.05.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2017] [Revised: 05/19/2017] [Accepted: 05/19/2017] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Multiple myeloma (MM) is a complex heterogeneous disease. Various risk stratification models have been recommended including cytogenetic and FISH analysis to identify high-risk patients who may benefit from novel treatments, but such facilities are not widely available. The International Scoring System (ISS) using beta-2-microglobulin and albumin remains a widely used prognostic scoring system in many clinical practices; however it is not useful in predicting response to treatment in MM. The aim of this study is to identify clinically useful biomarkers to predict response to treatment containing bortezomib. METHODS 17 MM patient serum samples (9 responders/8 non-responders) were used for the discovery phase (label-free mass spectrometry) and an additional 20 MM patient serum samples were used for the ELISA-based validation phase (14 responders/6 non-responders). RESULTS CLU and ANG mean levels were higher in the responders group, while Complement C1q had lower concentrations. The combination of all standard biomarkers (albumin, beta-2-microglobulin (ß2M), paraprotein and kappa/lambda (K/L) ratio) had an AUC value of 0.71 with 65% correct classification, while an overall combination of new candidate protein biomarkers with standard biomarkers had an AUC value of 0.89 with 85.3% correct classification. CONCLUSIONS A combination of new and standard biomarkers consisting of CLU, ANG, C1Q, albumin, ß2M, paraprotein and K/L ratio may have potential as a novel panel of biomarkers to predict MM response to treatment containing bortezomib. GENERAL SIGNIFICANCE Use of this biomarker panel could facilitate a more personalized therapy approach and to minimize unnecessary side effects from ineffective drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kay Reen Ting
- Mater Misericordiae University Hospital, Dublin 7, Ireland.,National Institute for Cellular Biotechnology, Dublin City University, Glasnevin, Dublin 9, Ireland
| | - Michael Henry
- National Institute for Cellular Biotechnology, Dublin City University, Glasnevin, Dublin 9, Ireland
| | - Justine Meiller
- National Institute for Cellular Biotechnology, Dublin City University, Glasnevin, Dublin 9, Ireland
| | - Annemarie Larkin
- National Institute for Cellular Biotechnology, Dublin City University, Glasnevin, Dublin 9, Ireland
| | - Martin Clynes
- National Institute for Cellular Biotechnology, Dublin City University, Glasnevin, Dublin 9, Ireland
| | - Paula Meleady
- National Institute for Cellular Biotechnology, Dublin City University, Glasnevin, Dublin 9, Ireland
| | - Despina Bazou
- Mater Misericordiae University Hospital, Dublin 7, Ireland
| | - Paul Dowling
- National Institute for Cellular Biotechnology, Dublin City University, Glasnevin, Dublin 9, Ireland.,Department of Biology, Maynooth University, Maynooth, Co. Kildare, Ireland
| | - Peter O'Gorman
- Mater Misericordiae University Hospital, Dublin 7, Ireland.,National Institute for Cellular Biotechnology, Dublin City University, Glasnevin, Dublin 9, Ireland.,School of Medicine & Medical Science, University College Dublin, Dublin 4, Ireland
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Matukumalli SR, Tangirala R, Rao CM. Clusterin: full-length protein and one of its chains show opposing effects on cellular lipid accumulation. Sci Rep 2017; 7:41235. [PMID: 28120874 PMCID: PMC5264606 DOI: 10.1038/srep41235] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2016] [Accepted: 12/16/2016] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Proteins, made up of either single or multiple chains, are designed to carry out specific biological functions. We found an interesting example of a two-chain protein where administration of one of its chains leads to a diametrically opposite outcome than that reported for the full-length protein. Clusterin is a highly glycosylated protein consisting of two chains, α- and β-clusterin. We have investigated the conformational features, cellular localization, lipid accumulation, in vivo effects and histological changes upon administration of recombinant individual chains of clusterin. We demonstrate that recombinant α- and β-chains exhibit structural and functional differences and differ in their sub-cellular localization. Full-length clusterin is known to lower lipid levels. In contrast, we find that β-chain-treated cells accumulate 2-fold more lipid than controls. Interestingly, α-chain-treated cells do not show such increase. Rabbits injected with β-chain, but not α-chain, show ~40% increase in weight, with adipocyte hypertrophy, liver and kidney steatosis. Many, sometimes contrasting, roles are ascribed to clusterin in obesity, metabolic syndrome and related conditions. Our findings of differential localization and activities of individual chains of clusterin should help in understanding better the roles of clusterin in metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - C. M. Rao
- CSIR- Centre for Cellular and Molecular Biology, Hyderabad, 500007, India
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Musilova I, Andrys C, Drahosova M, Soucek O, Pliskova L, Stepan M, Bestvina T, Maly J, Jacobsson B, Kacerovsky M. Amniotic fluid clusterin in pregnancies complicated by the preterm prelabor rupture of membranes. J Matern Fetal Neonatal Med 2016; 30:2529-2537. [DOI: 10.1080/14767058.2016.1255192] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Ivana Musilova
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Charles University in Prague, Faculty of Medicine Hradec Kralove, University Hospital Hradec Kralove, Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic,
| | - Ctirad Andrys
- Department of Clinical Immunology and Allergy, Charles University in Prague, Faculty of Medicine Hradec Kralove, University Hospital Hradec Kralove, Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic,
| | - Marcela Drahosova
- Department of Clinical Immunology and Allergy, Charles University in Prague, Faculty of Medicine Hradec Kralove, University Hospital Hradec Kralove, Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic,
| | - Ondrej Soucek
- Department of Clinical Immunology and Allergy, Charles University in Prague, Faculty of Medicine Hradec Kralove, University Hospital Hradec Kralove, Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic,
| | - Lenka Pliskova
- Institute of Clinical Biochemistry and Diagnostics, University Hospital Hradec Kralove, Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic,
| | - Martin Stepan
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Charles University in Prague, Faculty of Medicine Hradec Kralove, University Hospital Hradec Kralove, Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic,
| | - Tomas Bestvina
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Charles University in Prague, Faculty of Medicine Hradec Kralove, University Hospital Hradec Kralove, Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic,
| | - Jan Maly
- Department of Pediatrics, Charles University in Prague, Faculty of Medicine Hradec Kralove, University Hospital Hradec Kralove, Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic,
| | - Bo Jacobsson
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Sahlgrenska Academy, Gothenburg University, Gothenburg, Sweden,
- Department of Genetics and Bioinformatics, Division of Health Data and Digitalization, Norwegian Institute of Public Health, Oslo, Norway, and
| | - Marian Kacerovsky
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Charles University in Prague, Faculty of Medicine Hradec Kralove, University Hospital Hradec Kralove, Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic,
- Biomedical Research Center, University Hospital Hradec Kralove, Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic
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