1
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Wang J, Chen SP, Li DL, Zhou L, Ren JX, Jia LC, Zhong GJ, Huang HD, Li ZM. Structuring restricted amorphous molecular chains in the reinforced cellulose film by uniaxial stretching. Carbohydr Polym 2024; 337:122088. [PMID: 38710544 DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2024.122088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2023] [Revised: 03/22/2024] [Accepted: 03/24/2024] [Indexed: 05/08/2024]
Abstract
The construction of the preferred orientation structure by stretching is an efficient strategy to fabricate high-performance cellulose film and it is still an open issue whether crystalline structure or amorphous molecular chain is the key factor in determining the enhanced mechanical performance. Herein, uniaxial stretching with constant width followed by drying in a stretching state was carried out to cellulose hydrogels with physical and chemical double cross-linking networks, achieving high-performance regenerated cellulose films (RCFs) with an impressive tensile strength of 154.5 MPa and an elastic modulus of 5.4 GPa. The hierarchical structure of RCFs during uniaxial stretching and drying was systematically characterized from micro- to nanoscale, including microscopic morphology, crystalline structure as well as relaxation behavior at a molecular level. The two-dimensional correlation spectra of dynamic mechanical analysis and Havriliak-Negami fitting results verified that the enhanced mechanical properties of RCFs were mainly attributed to the stretch-induced tight packing and restricted relaxation of amorphous molecular chains. The new insight concerning the contribution of molecular chains in the amorphous region to the enhancement of mechanical performance for RCFs is expected to provide valuable guidance for designing and fabricating high-performance eco-friendly cellulose-based films.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Wang
- College of Polymer Science and Engineering and State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China
| | - Shi-Peng Chen
- College of Polymer Science and Engineering and State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China
| | - De-Long Li
- College of Polymer Science and Engineering and State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China
| | - Lin Zhou
- College of Polymer Science and Engineering and State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China
| | - Jia-Xin Ren
- College of Polymer Science and Engineering and State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China
| | - Li-Chuan Jia
- College of Electrical Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China
| | - Gan-Ji Zhong
- College of Polymer Science and Engineering and State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China
| | - Hua-Dong Huang
- College of Polymer Science and Engineering and State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China.
| | - Zhong-Ming Li
- College of Polymer Science and Engineering and State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China.
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2
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Benitez JJ, Florido-Moreno P, Porras-Vázquez JM, Tedeschi G, Athanassiou A, Heredia-Guerrero JA, Guzman-Puyol S. Transparent, plasticized cellulose-glycerol bioplastics for food packaging applications. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 273:132956. [PMID: 38848838 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.132956] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2024] [Revised: 05/15/2024] [Accepted: 06/04/2024] [Indexed: 06/09/2024]
Abstract
Free-standing films have been obtained by drop-casting cellulose-glycerol mixtures (up to 50 wt% glycerol) dissolved in trifluoroacetic acid and trifluoroacetic anhydride (TFA:TFAA, 2:1, v:v). A comprehensive examination of the optical, structural, mechanical, thermal, hydrodynamic, barrier, migration, greaseproof, and biodegradation characteristics of the films was conducted. The resulting cellulose-glycerol blends exhibited an amorphous molecular structure and a reinforced H-bond network, as evidenced by X-ray diffraction analysis and infrared spectroscopy, respectively. The inclusion of glycerol exerted a plasticizing influence on the mechanical properties of the films, while keeping their transparency. Hydrodynamic and barrier properties were assessed through water uptake and water vapor/oxygen transmission rates, respectively, and obtained values were consistent with those of other cellulose-based materials. Furthermore, overall migration levels were below European regulation limits, as stated by using Tenax® as a dry food simulant. In addition, these bioplastics demonstrated good greaseproof performance, particularly at high glycerol content, and potential as packaging materials for bakery products. Biodegradability assessments were carried out by measuring the biological oxygen demand in seawater and high biodegradation rates induced by glycerol were observed.
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Affiliation(s)
- José J Benitez
- Instituto de Ciencia de Materiales de Sevilla, Centro Mixto CSIC-Universidad de Sevilla, Calle Americo Vespucio 49, Isla de la Cartuja, Sevilla 41092, Spain.
| | - Pedro Florido-Moreno
- Instituto de Hortofruticultura Subtropical y Mediterránea "La Mayora", Universidad de Málaga-Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (IHSM, UMA-CSIC), Bulevar Louis Pasteur 49, 29010 Malaga, Spain
| | - José M Porras-Vázquez
- Departamento de Química Inorgánica, Cristalografía y Mineralogía, Universidad de Málaga, 29071 Málaga, Spain
| | - Giacomo Tedeschi
- Smart Materials Group, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Via Morego 30, Genova 16163, Italy
| | - Athanassia Athanassiou
- Smart Materials Group, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Via Morego 30, Genova 16163, Italy
| | - José A Heredia-Guerrero
- Instituto de Hortofruticultura Subtropical y Mediterránea "La Mayora", Universidad de Málaga-Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (IHSM, UMA-CSIC), Bulevar Louis Pasteur 49, 29010 Malaga, Spain
| | - Susana Guzman-Puyol
- Instituto de Hortofruticultura Subtropical y Mediterránea "La Mayora", Universidad de Málaga-Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (IHSM, UMA-CSIC), Bulevar Louis Pasteur 49, 29010 Malaga, Spain.
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3
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Savale N, Tarasova E, Krasnou I, Kudrjašova M, Rjabovs V, Reile I, Heinmaa I, Krumme A. Optimization and degradation studies of cellulose transesterification to palmitate esters in superbase ionic liquid. Carbohydr Res 2024; 537:109047. [PMID: 38359696 DOI: 10.1016/j.carres.2024.109047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2023] [Revised: 01/26/2024] [Accepted: 01/29/2024] [Indexed: 02/17/2024]
Abstract
Cellulose palmitates (CPs) were synthesized with varying degrees of substitution (DS) via a catalyst-free, homogeneous transesterification of cellulose in a novel superbase ionic liquid (SB-IL) system, specifically 5-methyl-1,5,7-triaza-bicyclo[4.3.0]non-6-enium acetate [mTBNH][OAc], combined with dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) as a co-solvent, using vinyl palmitate as the acylating agent. We examined the influence of reaction temperature, reaction time, and the molar ratio of vinyl palmitate to anhydroglucose unit (AGU) on the DS, which ranged from 0.5 to 2.3 under the given conditions. Notably, the reaction order of the three hydroxy groups was C6-OH > C2-OH > C3-OH. To elucidate the chemical structure of CPs and confirm the transesterification process, various spectroscopic techniques including 1H nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR), 13C NMR, heteronuclear single quantum correlation (HSQC), and solid-state NMR were employed. Higher reaction temperatures and extended reaction times led to a decrease in the DS of CPs, potentially due to the degradation of some of the involved chemicals during the transesterification process. We also investigated the stability of the pure ionic liquid (IL) and the IL + DMSO solvent system at elevated temperatures by heating them at 100 °C for 5 h, confirming their chemical integrity through 1H NMR analysis. Additionally, we assessed the compatibility between the solvent system and cellulose by subjecting a mixture of cellulose and the solvent system to 100 °C for 5 h. To compare the structures of untreated cellulose and regenerated cellulose, Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy was employed. Furthermore, we determined the molar mass of both untreated cellulose and regenerated cellulose, as well as CPs synthesized at higher reaction temperatures and longer durations, using intrinsic viscosity measurements. Lastly, we examined the solubility properties of CPs.
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Affiliation(s)
- N Savale
- School of Engineering, Department of Materials and Environmental Technology, Tallinn University of Technology, Ehitajate tee 5, 19086, Tallinn, Estonia.
| | - E Tarasova
- School of Engineering, Department of Materials and Environmental Technology, Tallinn University of Technology, Ehitajate tee 5, 19086, Tallinn, Estonia
| | - I Krasnou
- School of Engineering, Department of Materials and Environmental Technology, Tallinn University of Technology, Ehitajate tee 5, 19086, Tallinn, Estonia
| | - M Kudrjašova
- School of Science, Department of Chemistry and Biotechnology, Tallinn University of Technology, Akadeemia tee 15, 12618, Tallinn, Estonia
| | - V Rjabovs
- National Institute of Chemical Physics and Biophysics, Akadeemia tee 23, 12618, Tallinn, Estonia
| | - I Reile
- National Institute of Chemical Physics and Biophysics, Akadeemia tee 23, 12618, Tallinn, Estonia
| | - I Heinmaa
- National Institute of Chemical Physics and Biophysics, Akadeemia tee 23, 12618, Tallinn, Estonia
| | - A Krumme
- School of Engineering, Department of Materials and Environmental Technology, Tallinn University of Technology, Ehitajate tee 5, 19086, Tallinn, Estonia
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4
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Bekchanov D, Mukhamediev M, Yarmanov S, Lieberzeit P, Mujahid A. Functionalizing natural polymers to develop green adsorbents for wastewater treatment applications. Carbohydr Polym 2024; 323:121397. [PMID: 37940289 DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2023.121397] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2023] [Revised: 09/11/2023] [Accepted: 09/12/2023] [Indexed: 11/10/2023]
Abstract
The present study provides an overview of scientific developments made in the last decade in the field of green adsorbents focusing on the modifications in natural polymers and their applications such as, wastewater treatment, and ion exchange. For this purpose, an introduction to the various methods of modifying natural polymers is first given, and then the properties, application, and future priorities of green adsorbents are also discussed. Methods of modification of natural polymers under homogeneous and heterogeneous conditions using modifiers with different properties are also described. Various methods for modifying natural polymers and the use of the obtained green adsorbents are reviewed. A comparison of the sorption properties of green adsorbents based on natural polymers and other adsorbents used in industry has also been carried out. With the participation of green adsorbents based on natural polymers, the properties of treated wastewaters having toxic metal ions, organic dyes, petroleum products, and other harmful compounds was analyzed. Future perspectives on green adsorbents based on natural polymers are as also highlighted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Davronbek Bekchanov
- Department of Polymer Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, National University of Uzbekistan, Tashkent 100174, Uzbekistan.
| | - Mukhtar Mukhamediev
- Department of Polymer Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, National University of Uzbekistan, Tashkent 100174, Uzbekistan
| | | | - Peter Lieberzeit
- Faculty for Chemistry, Department of Physical Chemistry, University of Vienna, Vienna A-1090, Austria
| | - Adnan Mujahid
- School of Chemistry, University of the Punjab, Quaid-i-Azam Campus, Lahore 54590, Pakistan
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5
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Rothammer M, Zollfrank C. Photocrosslinkable Cellulose Derivatives for the Manufacturing of All-Cellulose-Based Architectures. Polymers (Basel) 2023; 16:9. [PMID: 38201673 PMCID: PMC10781059 DOI: 10.3390/polym16010009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2023] [Revised: 12/10/2023] [Accepted: 12/14/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Replacing petroleum-based polymers with biopolymers such as polysaccharides is essential for protecting our environment by saving fossil resources. A research field that can benefit from the application of more sustainable and renewable materials is photochemistry. Therefore, cellulose-based photoresists that could be photocrosslinked via UV irradiation (λ = 254 nm and λ = 365 nm) were developed. These biogenic polymers enable the manufacturing of sustainable coatings, even with imprinted microstructures, and cellulose-based bulk materials. Thus, herein, cellulose was functionalized with organic compounds containing carbon double bonds to introduce photocrosslinkable side groups directly onto the cellulose backbone. Therefore, unsaturated anhydrides such as methacrylic acid anhydride and unsaturated and polyunsaturated carboxylic acids such as linoleic acid were utilized. Additionally, these cellulose derivatives were modified with acetate or tosylate groups to generate cellulose-based polymers, which are soluble in organic solvents, making them suitable for multiple processing methods, such as casting, printing and coating. The photocurable resist was basically composed of the UV-crosslinkable biopolymer, an appropriate solvent and, if necessary, a photoinitiator. Moreover, these bio-based photoresists were UV-crosslinkable in the liquid and solid states after the removal of the solvent. Further, the manufactured cellulose-based architectures, even the bulk structures, could be entirely regenerated into pure cellulose devices via a sodium methoxide treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Cordt Zollfrank
- Chair for Biogenic Polymers, Technical University of Munich, Schulgasse 16, 94315 Straubing, Germany;
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6
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Taher MA, Wang X, Faridul Hasan KM, Miah MR, Zhu J, Chen J. Lignin Modification for Enhanced Performance of Polymer Composites. ACS APPLIED BIO MATERIALS 2023; 6:5169-5192. [PMID: 38036466 DOI: 10.1021/acsabm.3c00783] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/02/2023]
Abstract
The biopolymer lignin, which is heterogeneous and abundant, is usually present in plant cell walls and gives them rigidity and strength. As a byproduct of the wood, paper, and pulp manufacturing industry, lignin ranks as the second most prevalent biopolymer worldwide, following cellulose. This review paper explores the extraction, modification, and prospective applications of lignin in various industries, including the enhancement of thermosetting and thermoplastic polymers, biomedical applications such as vanillin production, fuel development, carbon fiber composites, and the creation of nanomaterials for food packaging and drug delivery. The structural characteristics of lignin remain undefined due to its origin, separation, and fragmentation processes. This comprehensive overview encompasses state-of-the-art techniques, potential applications, diverse extraction methods, chemical modifications, carbon fiber utilization, and the extraction of vanillin. Moreover, the review focuses on the utilization of lignin-modified polymer blends across multiple manufacturing sectors, providing insights into the advantages and limitations of this innovative approach for the development of environmentally friendly materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Abu Taher
- Key Laboratory of Bio-based Polymeric Materials Technology and Application of Zhejiang Province, Divisions of Polymers and Composites, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo 315201, P. R. China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, P. R. China
| | - Xiaolin Wang
- Key Laboratory of Bio-based Polymeric Materials Technology and Application of Zhejiang Province, Divisions of Polymers and Composites, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo 315201, P. R. China
| | | | - Mohammad Raza Miah
- Key Laboratory of Bio-based Polymeric Materials Technology and Application of Zhejiang Province, Divisions of Polymers and Composites, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo 315201, P. R. China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, P. R. China
| | - Jin Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Bio-based Polymeric Materials Technology and Application of Zhejiang Province, Divisions of Polymers and Composites, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo 315201, P. R. China
| | - Jing Chen
- Key Laboratory of Bio-based Polymeric Materials Technology and Application of Zhejiang Province, Divisions of Polymers and Composites, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo 315201, P. R. China
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7
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Nocca G, Arcovito A, Elkasabgy NA, Basha M, Giacon N, Mazzinelli E, Abdel-Maksoud MS, Kamel R. Cellulosic Textiles-An Appealing Trend for Different Pharmaceutical Applications. Pharmaceutics 2023; 15:2738. [PMID: 38140079 PMCID: PMC10747844 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics15122738] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2023] [Revised: 11/28/2023] [Accepted: 12/04/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Cellulose, the most abundant biopolymer in nature, is derived from various sources. The production of pharmaceutical textiles based on cellulose represents a growing sector. In medicated textiles, textile and pharmaceutical sciences are integrated to develop new healthcare approaches aiming to improve patient compliance. Through the possibility of cellulose functionalization, pharmaceutical textiles can broaden the applications of cellulose in the biomedical field. This narrative review aims to illustrate both the methods of extraction and preparation of cellulose fibers, with a particular focus on nanocellulose, and diverse pharmaceutical applications like tissue restoration and antimicrobial, antiviral, and wound healing applications. Additionally, the merging between fabricated cellulosic textiles with drugs, metal nanoparticles, and plant-derived and synthetic materials are also illustrated. Moreover, new emerging technologies and the use of smart medicated textiles (3D and 4D cellulosic textiles) are not far from those within the review scope. In each section, the review outlines some of the limitations in the use of cellulose textiles, indicating scientific research that provides significant contributions to overcome them. This review also points out the faced challenges and possible solutions in a trial to present an overview on all issues related to the use of cellulose for the production of pharmaceutical textiles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giuseppina Nocca
- Dipartimento di Scienze Biotecnologiche di Base, Cliniche Intensivologiche e Perioperatorie, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Largo Francesco Vito 1, 00168 Rome, Italy; (G.N.); (A.A.); (E.M.)
- Fondazione Policlinico Universitario “A. Gemelli”, IRCCS, Largo Agostino Gemelli 8, 00168 Rome, Italy
| | - Alessandro Arcovito
- Dipartimento di Scienze Biotecnologiche di Base, Cliniche Intensivologiche e Perioperatorie, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Largo Francesco Vito 1, 00168 Rome, Italy; (G.N.); (A.A.); (E.M.)
- Fondazione Policlinico Universitario “A. Gemelli”, IRCCS, Largo Agostino Gemelli 8, 00168 Rome, Italy
| | - Nermeen A. Elkasabgy
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Industrial Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Kasr El-Aini Street, Cairo 11562, Egypt
| | - Mona Basha
- Pharmaceutical Technology Department, National Research Centre, Cairo 12622, Egypt (R.K.)
| | - Noah Giacon
- Dipartimento di Scienze Biotecnologiche di Base, Cliniche Intensivologiche e Perioperatorie, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Largo Francesco Vito 1, 00168 Rome, Italy; (G.N.); (A.A.); (E.M.)
| | - Elena Mazzinelli
- Dipartimento di Scienze Biotecnologiche di Base, Cliniche Intensivologiche e Perioperatorie, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Largo Francesco Vito 1, 00168 Rome, Italy; (G.N.); (A.A.); (E.M.)
| | | | - Rabab Kamel
- Pharmaceutical Technology Department, National Research Centre, Cairo 12622, Egypt (R.K.)
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8
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Tonis E, Frousiou E, Heliopoulos NS, Kagkoura A, Stangel C, Siamidis D, Galeou A, Prombona A, Stamatakis K, Boukos N, Tagmatarchis N, Vougioukalakis GC. VAR Fabric Modification: Inducing Antibacterial Properties, Altering Wettability/Water Repellence, and Understanding Reactivity at the Molecular Level. ACS OMEGA 2023; 8:44708-44716. [PMID: 38046315 PMCID: PMC10688117 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.3c05552] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2023] [Accepted: 09/19/2023] [Indexed: 12/05/2023]
Abstract
The present work focuses on the surface coating of VAR technical fibers, consisting of 64% viscose (cellulose), 24% Kevlar, 10% other types of polyamides, and 2% antistatic polymers. Kevlar is an aramid material exhibiting excellent mechanical properties, while cellulose is a natural linear polymer composed of repeating β-d-glucose units, having several applications in the materials industry. Herein, we synthesized novel, tailor-designed organic molecules possessing functional groups able to anchor on VAR fabrics and cellulose materials, thus altering their properties on demand. To this end, we utilized methyl-α-d-glucopyranose as a model compound, both to optimize the reaction conditions, before applying them to the material and to understand the chemical behavior of the material at the molecular level. The efficient coating of the VAR fabric with the tailor-made compounds was then implemented. Thorough characterization studies using Raman and IR spectroscopies as well as SEM imaging and thermogravimetric analysis were also carried out. The wettability and water repellency and antibacterial properties of the modified VAR fabrics were also investigated in detail. To the best of our knowledge, such an approach has not been previously explored, among other factors regarding the understanding of the anchoring mechanism at the molecular level. The proposed modification protocol holds the potential to improve the properties of various cellulose-based materials beyond VAR fabrics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Efstathios Tonis
- Laboratory of Organic Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens 15771, Greece
| | - Efrosyni Frousiou
- Laboratory of Organic Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens 15771, Greece
| | - Nikolaos S Heliopoulos
- 700 Military Factory, Supreme Military Support Command, 50 Anapafseos, Piraeus 18648, Greece
| | - Antonia Kagkoura
- Theoretical and Physical Chemistry Institute, National Hellenic Research Foundation, 48 Vassileos Constantinou Avenue, Athens 11635, Greece
| | - Christina Stangel
- Theoretical and Physical Chemistry Institute, National Hellenic Research Foundation, 48 Vassileos Constantinou Avenue, Athens 11635, Greece
| | | | - Angeliki Galeou
- Institute of Biosciences and Applications, National Centre for Scientific Research "Demokritos", Patriarchou Grigoriou E' & Neapoleos Str., Agia Paraskevi,Athens, Attica 15341, Greece
| | - Anastasia Prombona
- Institute of Biosciences and Applications, National Centre for Scientific Research "Demokritos", Patriarchou Grigoriou E' & Neapoleos Str., Agia Paraskevi,Athens, Attica 15341, Greece
| | - Kostas Stamatakis
- Institute of Biosciences and Applications, National Centre for Scientific Research "Demokritos", Patriarchou Grigoriou E' & Neapoleos Str., Agia Paraskevi,Athens, Attica 15341, Greece
| | - Nikos Boukos
- Institute of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, National Centre for Scientific Research "Demokritos", Patriarchou Grigoriou E' & Neapoleos Str., Agia Paraskevi,Athens, Attica 15341, Greece
| | - Nikos Tagmatarchis
- Theoretical and Physical Chemistry Institute, National Hellenic Research Foundation, 48 Vassileos Constantinou Avenue, Athens 11635, Greece
| | - Georgios C Vougioukalakis
- Laboratory of Organic Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens 15771, Greece
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9
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Sehn T, Meier MAR. Structure-Property Relationships of Short Chain (Mixed) Cellulose Esters Synthesized in a DMSO/TMG/CO 2 Switchable Solvent System. Biomacromolecules 2023; 24:5255-5264. [PMID: 37839074 DOI: 10.1021/acs.biomac.3c00762] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2023]
Abstract
Increasing environmental pollution and petroleum resource depletion are important indicators for the necessary and inevitable replacement of fossil-based polymeric materials with more sustainable counterparts. Hence, the development of bio-based materials from renewable resources, such as cellulose, is of great importance. Herein, we introduce a rapid and homogeneous microwave assisted synthesis of high molecular weight (59 kDa ≤ Mn ≤ 116 kDa) short chain (mixed) cellulose esters (CEs) with variable acyl side chain length (2 ≤ C ≤ 8) by using a DMSO/TMG/CO2 switchable solvent system. Accordingly, (mixed) CEs were synthesized by implementing tetramethylguanidine (TMG) into a switchable solvent system (DMSO/TMG/CO2), followed by in-depth structural characterization via IR, 1H NMR, 13C NMR, and SEC. Examination of the structure-property relationships revealed a decrease in the glass transition temperature (177 °C ≤ Tg ≤ 204 °C), an increase in surface hydrophobicity, i.e., water contact angle (WCA) (65° ≤ WCA ≤ 98°), and a decrease of Young's modulus (7.51 MPa ≤ E ≤ 13.6 MPa), with longer alkyl side chains.
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Affiliation(s)
- Timo Sehn
- Institute of Biological and Chemical Systems - Functional Molecular Systems (IBCS-FMS), Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), 76131 Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - Michael A R Meier
- Institute of Biological and Chemical Systems - Functional Molecular Systems (IBCS-FMS), Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), 76131 Karlsruhe, Germany
- Institute of Organic Chemistry (IOC), Materialwissenschaftliches Zentrum (MZE), Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Straße am Forum 7, 76131 Karlsruhe, Germany
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10
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Wu C, Li J, Zhang YQ, Li X, Wang SY, Li DQ. Cellulose Dissolution, Modification, and the Derived Hydrogel: A Review. CHEMSUSCHEM 2023; 16:e202300518. [PMID: 37501498 DOI: 10.1002/cssc.202300518] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2023] [Revised: 07/26/2023] [Accepted: 07/27/2023] [Indexed: 07/29/2023]
Abstract
The cellulose-based hydrogel has occupied a pivotal position in almost all walks of life. However, the native cellulose can not be directly used for preparing hydrogel due to the complex non-covalent interactions. Some literature has discussed the dissolution and modification of cellulose but has yet to address the influence of the pretreatment on the as-prepared hydrogels. Firstly, the "touching" of cellulose by derived and non-derived solvents was introduced, namely, the dissolution of cellulose. Secondly, the "conversion" of functional groups on the cellulose surface by special routes, which is the modification of cellulose. The above-mentioned two parts were intended to explain the changes in physicochemical properties of cellulose by these routes and their influences on the subsequent hydrogel preparation. Finally, the "reinforcement" of cellulose-based hydrogels by physical and chemical techniques was summarized, viz., improving the mechanical properties of cellulose-based hydrogels and the changes in the multi-level structure of the interior of cellulose-based hydrogels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chao Wu
- Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Agricultural Chemistry and Biomaterials, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xinjiang Agricultural University, Urumchi, 830052, Xinjiang, People's Republic of China
| | - Jun Li
- Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Agricultural Chemistry and Biomaterials, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xinjiang Agricultural University, Urumchi, 830052, Xinjiang, People's Republic of China
| | - Yu-Qing Zhang
- Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Agricultural Chemistry and Biomaterials, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xinjiang Agricultural University, Urumchi, 830052, Xinjiang, People's Republic of China
| | - Xin Li
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Lignocellulosic Chemistry, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, 100083, People's Republic of China
| | - Shu-Ya Wang
- School of Bioengineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, 116024, Liaoning, People's Republic of China
| | - De-Qiang Li
- Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Agricultural Chemistry and Biomaterials, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xinjiang Agricultural University, Urumchi, 830052, Xinjiang, People's Republic of China
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11
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Magalhães S, Fernandes C, Pedrosa JFS, Alves L, Medronho B, Ferreira PJT, Rasteiro MDG. Eco-Friendly Methods for Extraction and Modification of Cellulose: An Overview. Polymers (Basel) 2023; 15:3138. [PMID: 37514527 PMCID: PMC10386580 DOI: 10.3390/polym15143138] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2023] [Revised: 07/11/2023] [Accepted: 07/20/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Cellulose is the most abundant renewable polymer on Earth and can be obtained from several different sources, such as trees, grass, or biomass residues. However, one of the issues is that not all the fractionation processes are eco-friendly and are essentially based on cooking the lignocellulose feedstock in a harsh chemical mixture, such as NaOH + Na2S, and water, to break loose fibers. In the last few years, new sustainable fractionation processes have been developed that enable the obtaining of cellulose fibers in a more eco-friendly way. As a raw material, cellulose's use is widely known and established in many areas. Additionally, its products/derivatives are recognized to have a far better environmental impact than fossil-based materials. Examples are textiles and packaging, where forest-based fibers may contribute to renewable and biodegradable substitutes for common synthetic materials and plastics. In this review, some of the main structural characteristics and properties of cellulose, recent green extraction methods/strategies, chemical modification, and applications of cellulose derivatives are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Solange Magalhães
- University of Coimbra, CIEPQPF, Department of Chemical Engineering, 3030-790 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Catarina Fernandes
- University of Coimbra, CIEPQPF, Department of Chemical Engineering, 3030-790 Coimbra, Portugal
- MED-Mediterranean Institute for Agriculture, Environment and Development, CHANGE-Global Change and Sustainability Institute, Universidade do Algarve, Faculdade de Ciências e Tecnologia, Campus de Gambelas, Ed. 8, 8005-139 Faro, Portugal
| | - Jorge F S Pedrosa
- University of Coimbra, CIEPQPF, Department of Chemical Engineering, 3030-790 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Luís Alves
- University of Coimbra, CIEPQPF, Department of Chemical Engineering, 3030-790 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Bruno Medronho
- MED-Mediterranean Institute for Agriculture, Environment and Development, CHANGE-Global Change and Sustainability Institute, Universidade do Algarve, Faculdade de Ciências e Tecnologia, Campus de Gambelas, Ed. 8, 8005-139 Faro, Portugal
- FSCN, Surface and Colloid Engineering, Mid Sweden University, SE-851 70 Sundsvall, Sweden
| | - Paulo J T Ferreira
- University of Coimbra, CIEPQPF, Department of Chemical Engineering, 3030-790 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Maria da Graça Rasteiro
- University of Coimbra, CIEPQPF, Department of Chemical Engineering, 3030-790 Coimbra, Portugal
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12
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Chu J, Tian G, Feng X. Recent advances in prevailing antifogging surfaces: structures, materials, durability, and beyond. NANOSCALE 2023. [PMID: 37368459 DOI: 10.1039/d3nr01767b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/28/2023]
Abstract
In past decades, antifogging surfaces have drawn more and more attention owing to their promising and wide applications such as in aerospace, traffic transportation, optical devices, the food industry, and medical and other fields. Therefore, the potential hazards caused by fogging need to be solved urgently. At present, the up-and-coming antifogging surfaces have been developing swiftly, and can effectively achieve antifogging effects primarily by preventing fog formation and rapid defogging. This review analyzes and summarizes current progress in antifogging surfaces. Firstly, some bionic and typical antifogging structures are described in detail. Then, the antifogging materials explored thus far, mainly focusing on substrates and coatings, are extensively introduced. After that, the solutions for improving the durability of antifogging surfaces are explicitly classified in four aspects. Finally, the remaining big challenges and future development trends of the ascendant antifogging surfaces are also presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiahui Chu
- College of Mechanical Engineering, Jiangsu University of Science and Technology, Zhenjiang, P. R. China.
| | - Guizhong Tian
- College of Mechanical Engineering, Jiangsu University of Science and Technology, Zhenjiang, P. R. China.
| | - Xiaoming Feng
- College of Mechanical Engineering, Jiangsu University of Science and Technology, Zhenjiang, P. R. China.
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13
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Ilyin SO, Kostyuk AV, Anokhina TS, Melekhina VY, Bakhtin DS, Antonov SV, Volkov AV. The Effect of Non-Solvent Nature on the Rheological Properties of Cellulose Solution in Diluted Ionic Liquid and Performance of Nanofiltration Membranes. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24098057. [PMID: 37175771 PMCID: PMC10178530 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24098057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2023] [Revised: 04/14/2023] [Accepted: 04/28/2023] [Indexed: 05/15/2023] Open
Abstract
The weak point of ionic liquids is their high viscosity, limiting the maximum polymer concentration in the forming solutions. A low-viscous co-solvent can reduce viscosity, but cellulose has none. This study demonstrates that dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO), being non-solvent for cellulose, can act as a nominal co-solvent to improve its processing into a nanofiltration membrane by phase inversion. A study of the rheology of cellulose solutions in diluted ionic liquids ([EMIM]Ac, [EMIM]Cl, and [BMIM]Ac) containing up to 75% DMSO showed the possibility of decreasing the viscosity by up to 50 times while keeping the same cellulose concentration. Surprisingly, typical cellulose non-solvents (water, methanol, ethanol, and isopropanol) behave similarly, reducing the viscosity at low doses but causing structuring of the cellulose solution and its phase separation at high concentrations. According to laser interferometry, the nature of these non-solvents affects the mass transfer direction relative to the forming membrane and the substance interdiffusion rate, which increases by four-fold when passing from isopropanol to methanol or water. Examination of the nanofiltration characteristics of the obtained membranes showed that the dilution of ionic liquid enhances the rejection without changing the permeability, while the transition to alcohols increases the permeability while maintaining the rejection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sergey O Ilyin
- A.V. Topchiev Institute of Petrochemical Synthesis, Russian Academy of Sciences, 29 Leninsky Prospect, 119991 Moscow, Russia
| | - Anna V Kostyuk
- A.V. Topchiev Institute of Petrochemical Synthesis, Russian Academy of Sciences, 29 Leninsky Prospect, 119991 Moscow, Russia
| | - Tatyana S Anokhina
- A.V. Topchiev Institute of Petrochemical Synthesis, Russian Academy of Sciences, 29 Leninsky Prospect, 119991 Moscow, Russia
| | - Viktoria Y Melekhina
- A.V. Topchiev Institute of Petrochemical Synthesis, Russian Academy of Sciences, 29 Leninsky Prospect, 119991 Moscow, Russia
| | - Danila S Bakhtin
- A.V. Topchiev Institute of Petrochemical Synthesis, Russian Academy of Sciences, 29 Leninsky Prospect, 119991 Moscow, Russia
| | - Sergey V Antonov
- A.V. Topchiev Institute of Petrochemical Synthesis, Russian Academy of Sciences, 29 Leninsky Prospect, 119991 Moscow, Russia
| | - Alexey V Volkov
- A.V. Topchiev Institute of Petrochemical Synthesis, Russian Academy of Sciences, 29 Leninsky Prospect, 119991 Moscow, Russia
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14
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Bio-Based Polybenzoxazine-Cellulose Grafted Films: Material Fabrication and Properties. Polymers (Basel) 2023; 15:polym15040849. [PMID: 36850133 PMCID: PMC9967979 DOI: 10.3390/polym15040849] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2023] [Revised: 02/06/2023] [Accepted: 02/06/2023] [Indexed: 02/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Despite the fact that amino cellulose (AC) is biodegradable, biocompatible, and has excellent film-forming properties, AC films have poor mechanical properties and are not thermally stable. An AC-based composite film prepared from AC and curcumin-stearylamine based benzoxazine (C-st) is reported in order to improve its performance and promote its application. As starting materials, C-st and AC were used to produce a C-st/AC composite film possessing a synergistic property through chemical cross-linking and hydrogen bonds. Two salient features with respect to the curing behavior were obtained. Firstly, the onset of curing was reduced to 163 °C when the benzoxazine monomer was synthesized from fully bio-based precursors (such as curcumin and stearylamine). Secondly, a synergistic effect in curing behavior was obtained by mixing C-st with AC. As a result of tensile tests and thermal analysis, the poly(C-st) benefited the composite films with pronounced mechanical and thermal properties, even at elevated temperatures. There was a 2.5-fold increase in tensile strength compared to the AC film, indicating that the composite films have the potential to be used for functional purposes. These poly(C-st)/AC films with improved mechanical and thermal properties have the ability to replace naturally occurring polymer films in film-related applications.
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15
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Ma H, Cheng Z, Li X, Li B, Fu Y, Jiang J. Advances and Challenges of Cellulose Functional Materials in Sensors. JOURNAL OF BIORESOURCES AND BIOPRODUCTS 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jobab.2022.11.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
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16
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Duceac IA, Coseri S. Biopolymers and their derivatives: Key components of advanced biomedical technologies. Biotechnol Adv 2022; 61:108056. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biotechadv.2022.108056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2022] [Revised: 09/26/2022] [Accepted: 10/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
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17
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Koda Y. Unnatural biopolymers of saccharides and proteins conjugated with poly(2-oxazoline) and methacrylate-based polymers: from polymer design to bioapplication. Polym J 2022. [DOI: 10.1038/s41428-022-00695-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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18
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Xu Z, Xu J, Zhou Y, Huang Y, Li Y. Pd immobilized on EDTA-modified cellulose: synthesis, characterization, and catalytic application in inter- and intramolecular Heck reactions and Larock reactions. RESEARCH ON CHEMICAL INTERMEDIATES 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s11164-022-04766-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
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19
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Greaseproof, hydrophobic, and biodegradable food packaging bioplastics from C6-fluorinated cellulose esters. Food Hydrocoll 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodhyd.2022.107562] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
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20
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Li Q, Yuan Z, Zhang C, Hu S, Chen Z, Wu Y, Chen P, Qi H, Ye D. Tough, Highly Oriented, Super Thermal Insulating Regenerated All-Cellulose Sponge-Aerogel Fibers Integrating a Graded Aligned Nanostructure. NANO LETTERS 2022; 22:3516-3524. [PMID: 35363493 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.1c03943] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Thermal insulating fibers can effectively regulate the human body temperature and decrease indoor energy consumption. However, designing super thermal insulating fibers integrating a sponge and aerogel structure based on biomass resources is still a challenge. Herein, a flow-assisted dynamic dual-cross-linking strategy is developed to realize the steady fabrication of regenerated all-cellulose graded sponge-aerogel fibers (CGFs) in a microfluidic chip. The chemically cross-linked cellulose solution is used as the core flow, which is passed through two sheath flow channels, containing either a diffusion solvent or a physical cross-linking solvent, resulting in CGFs with a porous sponge outer layer and a dense aerogel inner layer. By regulating and simulating the flow process in the microfluidic chip, CGFs with adjustable sponge thicknesses, excellent toughness (26.20 MJ m-3), and ultralow thermal conductivity (0.023 W m-1 K-1) are fabricated. This work provides a new method for fabricating graded biomass fibers and inspires attractive applications for thermal insulation in textiles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qihua Li
- School of Textile Materials and Engineering, Wuyi University, Jiangmen 529020, P. R. China
| | - Zhanhong Yuan
- School of Textile Materials and Engineering, Wuyi University, Jiangmen 529020, P. R. China
| | - Chi Zhang
- School of Applied Physics and Materials, Wuyi University, Jiangmen 529020, P. R. China
| | - Shuiqing Hu
- School of Textile Materials and Engineering, Wuyi University, Jiangmen 529020, P. R. China
| | - Zhiming Chen
- School of Applied Physics and Materials, Wuyi University, Jiangmen 529020, P. R. China
| | - Yingzhu Wu
- School of Textile Materials and Engineering, Wuyi University, Jiangmen 529020, P. R. China
| | - Pan Chen
- Beijing Engineering Research Centre of Cellulose and Its Derivatives, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, P. R. China
| | - Haisong Qi
- State Key Laboratory of Pulp and Paper Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510641, P. R. China
| | - Dongdong Ye
- School of Textile Materials and Engineering, Wuyi University, Jiangmen 529020, P. R. China
- State Key Laboratory of Pulp and Paper Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510641, P. R. China
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21
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Hemp and Its Derivatives as a Universal Industrial Raw Material (with Particular Emphasis on the Polymer Industry)-A Review. MATERIALS 2022; 15:ma15072565. [PMID: 35407897 PMCID: PMC9000560 DOI: 10.3390/ma15072565] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2022] [Revised: 03/22/2022] [Accepted: 03/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
This review article provides basic information about cannabis, its structure, and its impact on human development at the turn of the century. It also contains a brief description of the cultivation and application of these plants in the basic branches of the economy. This overview is also a comprehensive collection of information on the chemical composition of individual cannabis derivatives. It contains the characteristics of the chemical composition as well as the physicochemical and mechanical properties of hemp fibers, oil, extracts and wax, which is unique compared to other review articles. As one of the few articles, it approaches the topic in a holistic and evolutionary way, moving through the plant’s life cycle. Its important element is examples of the use of hemp derivatives in polymer composites based on thermoplastics, elastomers and duroplasts and the influence of these additives on their properties, which cannot be found in other review articles on this subject. It indicates possible directions for further technological development, with particular emphasis on the pro-ecological aspects of these plants. It indicates the gaps and possible research directions in basic knowledge on the use of hemp in elastomers.
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22
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Hyder MKZ, Ochiai B. Synthesis of a Highly Selective Scavenger of Precious Metals from a Printed Circuit Board Based on Cellulose Filter Paper Functionalized with a Grafted Polymer Chain Bearing N-Methyl-2-hydroxyethylcarbamothioate Moieties. ACS OMEGA 2022; 7:10355-10364. [PMID: 35382283 PMCID: PMC8973153 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.1c06988] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2021] [Accepted: 03/02/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
We report the synthesis and practical application of a novel scavenger for precious metals. The scavenger was prepared from cellulose filter paper with grafted chains of poly(glycidyl methacrylate) modified with a novel ligand group of N-methyl-2-hydroxyethylcarbamothioate moieties, introduced by the reaction with O-1-mercapto-3-phenoxypropan-2-yl N-methyl-2-hydroxyethylcarbamothioate. Batch experiments were performed to evaluate the capability of the scavenger in ranges of pH and acid concentration as well as to determine the kinetics and isotherm models. The scavenger was found to adsorb only Ag(I), Pd(II), and Au(III) from an aqueous media in the presence of coexisting ions of different bases and precious metals at wide ranges of pH and acid concentration. The adsorption rates fit a pseudo-second-order kinetic equation, and the adsorption reached equilibrium within 60 min. The isotherm studies indicated that the obtained data were a good fit with the Langmuir model. The maximum adsorption capacities of Ag(I), Pd(II), and Au(III) were 126.95, 124.67, and 230.67 mg g-1, respectively. Regeneration experiments indicated that the adsorbent maintained 97% of its initial efficiency even after five adsorption/desorption cycles. The scavenger was effectively utilized to recover Ag(I), Pd(II), and Au(III) from an aqua regia solution of waste printed circuit boards.
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23
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Pokatilov FA, Akamova HV, Kizhnyaev VN. Synthesis and properties of tetrazole-containing polyelectrolytes based on chitosan, starch, and arabinogalactan. E-POLYMERS 2022. [DOI: 10.1515/epoly-2022-0026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Abstract
The synthesis of tetrazole-containing derivatives of chitosan, starch, and arabinogalactan was carried out by a sequence of reactions including cyanoethylation of polysaccharides and subsequent azidation of cyanoethyl derivatives. The reaction of cyanoethylation of polysaccharides with acrylonitrile proceeds in the temperature range 40–60°C in the presence of NaOH. The transformation of nitrile groups into tetrazole rings (azidation) of cyanoethylated polysaccharide derivatives was carried out with a mixture of sodium azide with ammonium chloride in DMF at 105°C. The reaction with the participation of derivatives of starch and arabinogalactan is characterized by the degree of conversion of nitrile groups into tetrazole rings, which is close to the maximum. The introduction of unsubstituted tetrazole rings into the structure of polysaccharides of acidic N–H substantially changes some of their properties. Like other carbo- and hetero-chain polymers containing N–H unsubstituted tetrazole rings in the structure, tetrazolated polysaccharides exhibit the properties of acidic polyelectrolytes. Tetrazole-containing derivatives of chitosan exhibit the properties of polyampholytes. The presence of tetrazole rings in the structure of modified polysaccharides allows the reaction with epoxy compounds to yield network polymers capable of limited swelling in aqueous media with the formation of polyelectrolyte hydrogels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fedor A. Pokatilov
- Department of Chemistry, Irkutsk State University , K. Marksa St. 1 , Irkutsk 664003 , Russia
| | - Helen V. Akamova
- Department of Chemistry, Irkutsk State University , K. Marksa St. 1 , Irkutsk 664003 , Russia
| | - Valery N. Kizhnyaev
- Department of Chemistry, Irkutsk State University , K. Marksa St. 1 , Irkutsk 664003 , Russia
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24
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Sharma M, Chouksey S, Gond L, Bajpai A. A hybrid bionanocomposite for Pb (II) ion removal from water: synthesis, characterization and adsorption kinetics studies. Polym Bull (Berl) 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s00289-021-04073-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
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25
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Galamba J, Alves VD, Jordão N, Neves LA. Development of cellulose-based polymeric structures using dual functional ionic liquids. RSC Adv 2021; 11:39278-39286. [PMID: 35492502 PMCID: PMC9044494 DOI: 10.1039/d1ra03204f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2021] [Accepted: 10/17/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Carboxylate ionic liquids (ILs) combining benzethonium (BE) and didecyldimethylammonium (DDA) as cations have been explored to be used for the first time as dual functional solvents for microcrystalline cellulose (MCC) dissolution and, subsequently development of polymeric structures. Considering that some ILs can remain in the polymeric structures after phase inversion, these ILs can offer advantages such as antibacterial/antimicrobial response and ability to disrupt H-bonds. In this context, all tested ILs have been able to dissolve MCC up to a concentration of 4% (w/w), resulting in different polymeric structures, such as gel-like or films, depending on the type of IL and the ratio between MCC and IL. Furthermore, FTIR spectroscopy showed that some IL remains in the polymeric structures, which can enhance their application in the biomedical field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joana Galamba
- LAQV-REQUIMTE, Department of Chemistry, NOVA School of Science and Technology, Universidade Nova de Lisboa 2829-516 Caparica Portugal
| | - Vítor D Alves
- LEAF, Linking Landscape, Environment, Agriculture and Food, Instituto Superior de Agronomia, Universidade de Lisboa Tapada da Ajuda 1349-017 Lisboa Portugal
| | - Noémi Jordão
- LAQV-REQUIMTE, Department of Chemistry, NOVA School of Science and Technology, Universidade Nova de Lisboa 2829-516 Caparica Portugal
| | - Luísa A Neves
- LAQV-REQUIMTE, Department of Chemistry, NOVA School of Science and Technology, Universidade Nova de Lisboa 2829-516 Caparica Portugal
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Naserifar S, Swensson B, Bernin D, Hasani M. Aqueous N,N-dimethylmorpholinium hydroxide as a novel solvent for cellulose. Eur Polym J 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.eurpolymj.2021.110822] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
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27
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Solubility and spinnability of cellulose-lignin blends in specific ionic liquids. CARBOHYDRATE POLYMER TECHNOLOGIES AND APPLICATIONS 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.carpta.2021.100041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
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28
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Tian S, Xie H, Zhang H, Fu S. Efficient separation of acetylated cellulose from eucalyptus and its enhancement on the mechanical strength of polylactic acid. Int J Biol Macromol 2021; 191:100-107. [PMID: 34537292 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2021.09.070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2021] [Revised: 09/02/2021] [Accepted: 09/12/2021] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
A simplified and green strategy was provided for the synthesis of cellulose acetate. Cellulose acetate (CA) was isolated from the directly acetylated eucalyptus powder after hydrothermal treatment to selectively remove hemicellulose without delignification. The conversion rate of cellulose (90.75%) and the yield of the acetylated product (61.34%) were greatly improved by hydrothermal treatment, while the re-condensation of lignin during hydrothermal treatment made no adverse difference. The characterization results verified that the acetylated product was cellulose acetate with uniform molecular weight, good thermal stability and semi-crystalline structure. Moreover, CA was used to reinforce polylactic acid (PLA) films prepared by solvent casting. The PLA-CA composite with 5 wt% CA showed an increase of 80.63% in tensile strength and 59.51% in Young's modulus, and their density decreased from 1.2427 g/cm3 to 1.0028 g/cm3. The lightweight and excellent mechanical properties promote the application potential of biodegradable composites to replace petroleum-based plastics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shenglong Tian
- State Key Laboratory of Pulp and Paper Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province 510640, China
| | - Huihui Xie
- State Key Laboratory of Pulp and Paper Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province 510640, China
| | - Hui Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Pulp and Paper Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province 510640, China
| | - Shiyu Fu
- State Key Laboratory of Pulp and Paper Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province 510640, China.
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Tardy BL, Mattos BD, Otoni CG, Beaumont M, Majoinen J, Kämäräinen T, Rojas OJ. Deconstruction and Reassembly of Renewable Polymers and Biocolloids into Next Generation Structured Materials. Chem Rev 2021; 121:14088-14188. [PMID: 34415732 PMCID: PMC8630709 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.0c01333] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
This review considers the most recent developments in supramolecular and supraparticle structures obtained from natural, renewable biopolymers as well as their disassembly and reassembly into engineered materials. We introduce the main interactions that control bottom-up synthesis and top-down design at different length scales, highlighting the promise of natural biopolymers and associated building blocks. The latter have become main actors in the recent surge of the scientific and patent literature related to the subject. Such developments make prominent use of multicomponent and hierarchical polymeric assemblies and structures that contain polysaccharides (cellulose, chitin, and others), polyphenols (lignins, tannins), and proteins (soy, whey, silk, and other proteins). We offer a comprehensive discussion about the interactions that exist in their native architectures (including multicomponent and composite forms), the chemical modification of polysaccharides and their deconstruction into high axial aspect nanofibers and nanorods. We reflect on the availability and suitability of the latter types of building blocks to enable superstructures and colloidal associations. As far as processing, we describe the most relevant transitions, from the solution to the gel state and the routes that can be used to arrive to consolidated materials with prescribed properties. We highlight the implementation of supramolecular and superstructures in different technological fields that exploit the synergies exhibited by renewable polymers and biocolloids integrated in structured materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Blaise L. Tardy
- Department
of Bioproducts and Biosystems, School of Chemical Engineering, Aalto University, P.O. Box 16300, FI-00076 Aalto, Finland
| | - Bruno D. Mattos
- Department
of Bioproducts and Biosystems, School of Chemical Engineering, Aalto University, P.O. Box 16300, FI-00076 Aalto, Finland
| | - Caio G. Otoni
- Department
of Physical Chemistry, Institute of Chemistry, University of Campinas, P.O. Box 6154, Campinas, São Paulo 13083-970, Brazil
- Department
of Materials Engineering, Federal University
of São Carlos, Rod. Washington Luís, km 235, São
Carlos, São Paulo 13565-905, Brazil
| | - Marco Beaumont
- School
of Chemistry and Physics, Queensland University
of Technology, 2 George
Street, Brisbane, Queensland 4001, Australia
- Department
of Chemistry, Institute of Chemistry of Renewable Resources, University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences, Vienna, A-3430 Tulln, Austria
| | - Johanna Majoinen
- Department
of Bioproducts and Biosystems, School of Chemical Engineering, Aalto University, P.O. Box 16300, FI-00076 Aalto, Finland
| | - Tero Kämäräinen
- Department
of Bioproducts and Biosystems, School of Chemical Engineering, Aalto University, P.O. Box 16300, FI-00076 Aalto, Finland
| | - Orlando J. Rojas
- Department
of Bioproducts and Biosystems, School of Chemical Engineering, Aalto University, P.O. Box 16300, FI-00076 Aalto, Finland
- Bioproducts
Institute, Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Department
of Chemistry and Department of Wood Science, University of British Columbia, 2360 East Mall, Vancouver, British Columbia V6T 1Z4, Canada
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Electrospun Ultrafine Cationic Cellulose Fibers Produced from Sugarcane Bagasse for Potential Textile Applications. Polymers (Basel) 2021; 13:polym13223927. [PMID: 34833226 PMCID: PMC8621662 DOI: 10.3390/polym13223927] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2021] [Revised: 10/31/2021] [Accepted: 11/03/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Sugarcane bagasse (SCB) is an abundant by-product of sugar refining that can be utilized as a raw material for cellulose isolation for several industrial applications. Electrospinning has garnered attention in recent years because it allows the preparation of cellulosic materials with unique properties. In this study, cellulose was isolated from sugarcane bagasse and acetylated to fabricate fine acetate cellulose fibers through electrospinning. Subsequently, the electrospun fibers were deacetylated and cationized in order to produce functionalized materials with potential textile applications. The functional fibers were colored with an anionic dye (vinyl sulfone) with and without the presence of salt and were evaluated according to dye fixation, color attributes, morphological characteristics, and thermal stability. Cationic cellulose fibers that were dyed without added salt were found to be brighter and demonstrated better color fixation than those with added salt. In addition, morphological analysis performed using scanning electron microscopy demonstrated that cationized fibers dyed without added salt were better preserved at this stage. The cationic fiber also evidenced a high-temperature resistance, exhibiting a degradation temperature above 236 °C. The results suggest that cellulose fibers dyed in this manner can potentially be considered for use in textile applications due to their suitable dye fixation and tunable porosity (i.e., breathability).
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Wolfs J, Nickisch R, Wanner L, Meier MAR. Sustainable One-Pot Cellulose Dissolution and Derivatization via a Tandem Reaction in the DMSO/DBU/CO 2 Switchable Solvent System. J Am Chem Soc 2021; 143:18693-18702. [PMID: 34714063 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.1c08783] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
New sustainable concepts have to be developed to overcome the increasing problems of resource availability. Cellulose derivatives with tunable material properties are promising biobased alternatives to existing petroleum-derived polymeric materials. However, the chemical modification of cellulose is very challenging, often requiring harsh conditions and complex solubilization or activation steps. More sustainable procedures toward novel cellulose derivatives are therefore of great interest. Herein, we describe a novel concept combining two approaches, (i) tandem catalysis and (ii) cellulose derivatization, by applying a single catalyst for three transformations in the DMSO/DBU/CO2 switchable solvent system. Cellulose was functionalized with four different biobased isothiocyanates, which were formed in situ via a catalytic sulfurization of isocyanides with elemental sulfur, preventing the exposure and handling of the isothiocyanates. The degree of substitution of the formed O-cellulose thiocarbamates was shown to be controllable in a range of 0.52-2.16 by varying the equivalents of the reactants. All obtained products were analyzed by ATR-IR, 1H, 13C, and 31P NMR spectroscopy as well as size exclusion chromatography, elemental analysis, differential scanning calorimetry, and thermal gravimetric analysis. Finally, the tandem reaction approach was shown to be beneficial in terms of efficiency as well as sustainability compared to a stepwise synthesis. Recycling ratios ranging from 79.1% to 95.6% were obtained for the employed components, resulting in an E-factor of 2.95 for the overall process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jonas Wolfs
- Institute of Organic Chemistry (IOC), Materialwissenschaftliches Zentrum MZE, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Straße am Forum 7, 76131 Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - Roman Nickisch
- Institute of Organic Chemistry (IOC), Materialwissenschaftliches Zentrum MZE, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Straße am Forum 7, 76131 Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - Lisa Wanner
- Institute of Organic Chemistry (IOC), Materialwissenschaftliches Zentrum MZE, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Straße am Forum 7, 76131 Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - Michael A R Meier
- Institute of Organic Chemistry (IOC), Materialwissenschaftliches Zentrum MZE, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Straße am Forum 7, 76131 Karlsruhe, Germany.,Institute of Biological and Chemical Systems─Functional Molecular Systems (IBCS-FMS), Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Hermann-von-Helmholtz-Platz 1, 76344 Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, Germany
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Nasrollahzadeh M, Ghasemzadeh M, Gharoubi H, Nezafat Z. Progresses in polysaccharide and lignin-based ionic liquids: Catalytic applications and environmental remediation. J Mol Liq 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molliq.2021.117559] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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Nawaz H, Zhang X, Chen S, You T, Xu F. Recent studies on cellulose-based fluorescent smart materials and their applications: A comprehensive review. Carbohydr Polym 2021; 267:118135. [PMID: 34119124 DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2021.118135] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2021] [Revised: 04/09/2021] [Accepted: 04/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
The progress of bio-based fluorescent smart materials and their multifunctional applications have attained increasing interest in the recent decades. Cellulose is among the cheapest and widespread raw material on earth which can be modified into diverse useful materials. This review summarizes the chemical modification of cellulose into smart fluorescent materials. This further highlights on the fabrication of the prepared fluorescent materials into films, fibers, paper strips, carbon dots, hydrogels and solutions which are applied for the sensing of toxic metals and anions, pH, bioimaging, common organic solvents, aliphatic and aromatic amines, nitroaromatics, fluorescent printing, coating, and anti-counterfeiting applications. Finally, the discussion about the upcoming investigations, challenges, and options open for the cellulose-based luminescence sensors are communicated. We believe that this review will appeal more and more attention and curiosity for the chemists, biochemists, and chemical engineers working with the synthesis of cellulose-based fluorescent materials for widespread applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haq Nawaz
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Lignocellulosic Chemistry, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, PR China.
| | - Xun Zhang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Lignocellulosic Chemistry, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, PR China
| | - Sheng Chen
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Lignocellulosic Chemistry, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, PR China
| | - Tingting You
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Lignocellulosic Chemistry, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, PR China
| | - Feng Xu
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Lignocellulosic Chemistry, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, PR China.
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Circulatory Management of Polymer Waste: Recycling into Fine Fibers and Their Applications. MATERIALS 2021; 14:ma14164694. [PMID: 34443216 PMCID: PMC8401388 DOI: 10.3390/ma14164694] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2021] [Revised: 08/06/2021] [Accepted: 08/17/2021] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
In modern society, it is impossible to imagine life without polymeric materials. However, managing the waste composed of these materials is one of the most significant environmental issues confronting us in the present day. Recycling polymeric waste is the most important action currently available to reduce environmental impacts worldwide and is one of the most dynamic areas in industry today. Utilizing this waste could not only benefit the environment but also promote sustainable development and circular economy management. In its program statement, the European Union has committed to support the use of sorted polymeric waste. This study reviews recent attempts to recycle this waste and convert it by alternative technologies into fine, nano-, and microscale fibers using electrospinning, blowing, melt, or centrifugal spinning. This review provides information regarding applying reprocessed fine fibers in various areas and a concrete approach to mitigate the threat of pollution caused by polymeric materials.
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Waterproof-breathable films from multi-branched fluorinated cellulose esters. Carbohydr Polym 2021; 271:118031. [PMID: 34364545 DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2021.118031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2020] [Revised: 03/11/2021] [Accepted: 03/30/2021] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Cellulose ester films were prepared by esterification of cellulose with a multibranched fluorinated carboxylic acid, "BRFA" (BRanched Fluorinated Acid), at different anhydroglucose unit:BRFA molar ratios (i.e., 1:0, 10:1, 5:1, and 1:1). Morphological and optical analyses showed that cellulose-BRFA materials at molar ratios 10:1 and 5:1 formed flat and transparent films, while the one at 1:1 M ratio formed rough and translucent films. Degrees of substitution (DS) of 0.06, 0.09, and 0.23 were calculated by NMR for the samples at molar ratios 10:1, 5:1, and 1:1, respectively. ATR-FTIR spectroscopy confirmed the esterification. DSC thermograms showed a single glass transition, typical of amorphous polymers, at -11 °C. The presence of BRFA groups shifted the mechanical behavior from rigid to ductile and soft with increasing DS. Wettability was similar to standard fluoropolymers such as PTFE and PVDF. Finally, breathability and water uptake were characterized and found comparable to materials typically used in textiles.
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Abstract
Abstract
The presented chapter deals with structure, morphology, and properties aspects concerning cellulose-based polymers in both research and industrial production, such as cellulose fibers, cellulose membranes, cellulose nanocrystals, and bacterial cellulose, etc. The idea was to highlight the main cellulose-based polymers and cellulose derivatives, as well as the dissolution technologies in processing cellulose-based products. The structure and properties of cellulose are introduced briefly. The main attention has been paid to swelling and dissolution of cellulose in order to yield various kinds of cellulose derivatives through polymerization. The main mechanisms and methods are also presented. Finally, the environmental friendly and green cellulose-based polymers will be evaluated as one of the multifunctional and smart materials with significant progress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xing Zhou
- Faculty of Printing, Packaging Engineering and Digital Media Technology, Xi’an University of Technology , Xi’an 710048 , P. R. China
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Xi’an University of Technology , Xi’an 710048 , P. R. China
| | - Yaya Hao
- Faculty of Printing, Packaging Engineering and Digital Media Technology, Xi’an University of Technology , Xi’an 710048 , P. R. China
| | - Xin Zhang
- Faculty of Printing, Packaging Engineering and Digital Media Technology, Xi’an University of Technology , Xi’an 710048 , P. R. China
| | - Xinyu He
- Faculty of Printing, Packaging Engineering and Digital Media Technology, Xi’an University of Technology , Xi’an 710048 , P. R. China
| | - Chaoqun Zhang
- College of Materials and Energy, South China Agricultural University , Guangzhou 510642 , P. R. China
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Abstract
Functional papers are the subject of extensive research efforts and have already become an irreplaceable part of our modern society. Among other issues, they enable fast and inexpensive detection of a plethora of analytes and simplify laboratory work, for example in medical tests. This article focuses on the molecular and structural fundamentals of paper and the possibilities of functionalization, commercially available assays and their production, as well as on current and future challenges in research in this field.
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Periyasamy T, Asrafali S, Shanmugam M, Kim SC. Development of sustainable and antimicrobial film based on polybenzoxazine and cellulose. Int J Biol Macromol 2020; 170:664-673. [PMID: 33387546 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2020.12.087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2020] [Revised: 12/01/2020] [Accepted: 12/11/2020] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
A new class of bio based polymer blends have been prepared from a modified chitosan based benzoxazine precursor (E-ch) and amino cellulose (AC). AC was derived from cellulose with excellent film-forming, biocompatibility and biodegradability property. E-ch was synthesized from eugenol, modified chitosan and paraformaldehyde. The chemical structure was confirmed by FT-IR and 1H NMR analyses. Bio films were prepared by mixing E-ch and AC with diluted acetic acid, in different ratios. These films were further cross-linked by applying heat, via ring-opening polymerization of benzoxazine without any curing agent. FT-IR and DSC were used to study the effects of AC on E-ch to form cross-linked network polymer films [poly(E-ch)/AC]. Hydrogen bonding interactions were found to exist between poly(E-ch) and AC. These kinds of interactions considerably improve the mechanical and thermal properties and char yield of the polymer films. Additionally, these biofilms; poly(E-ch) and poly(E-ch)/AC have been examined for bio-activity with S. aureus. It is confirmed that these bio-films are effective in inhibiting bio-film related infection. In a similar way, both the bio-films act against C. albicans and thus avoid the formation of mycological infection. These results expose that poly(E-ch) and AC bio-films are capable to act as anti-microbial and anti-fungal agents.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Mani Shanmugam
- Department of Science and Humanities, Institute of Aeronautical Engineering, Dundigal, Hyderabad, India
| | - Seong-Cheol Kim
- School of Chemical Engineering, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan 38541, Republic of Korea.
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Cheng Y, Mondal AK, Wu S, Xu D, Ning D, Ni Y, Huang F. Study on the Anti-Biodegradation Property of Tunicate Cellulose. Polymers (Basel) 2020; 12:E3071. [PMID: 33371516 PMCID: PMC7767540 DOI: 10.3390/polym12123071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2020] [Revised: 12/08/2020] [Accepted: 12/15/2020] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Tunicate is a kind of marine animal, and its outer sheath consists of almost pure Iβ crystalline cellulose. Due to its high aspect ratio, tunicate cellulose has excellent physical properties. It draws extensive attention in the construction of robust functional materials. However, there is little research on its biological activity. In this study, cellulose enzymatic hydrolysis was conducted on tunicate cellulose. During the hydrolysis, the crystalline behaviors, i.e., crystallinity index (CrI), crystalline size and degree of polymerization (DP), were analyzed on the tunicate cellulose. As comparisons, similar hydrolyses were performed on cellulose samples with relatively low CrI, namely α-cellulose and amorphous cellulose. The results showed that the CrI of tunicate cellulose and α-cellulose was 93.9% and 70.9%, respectively; and after 96 h of hydrolysis, the crystallinity, crystalline size and DP remained constant on the tunicate cellulose, and the cellulose conversion rate was below 7.8%. While the crystalline structure of α-cellulose was significantly damaged and the cellulose conversion rate exceeded 83.8% at the end of 72 h hydrolysis, the amorphous cellulose was completely converted to glucose after 7 h hydrolysis, and the DP decreased about 27.9%. In addition, tunicate cellulose has high anti-mold abilities, owing to its highly crystalized Iβ lattice. It can be concluded that tunicate cellulose has significant resistance to enzymatic hydrolysis and could be potentially applied as anti-biodegradation materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanan Cheng
- College of Material Engineering, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350108, China; (Y.C.); (A.K.M.); (S.W.); (D.X.); (D.N.)
| | - Ajoy Kanti Mondal
- College of Material Engineering, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350108, China; (Y.C.); (A.K.M.); (S.W.); (D.X.); (D.N.)
- Institute of Fuel Research and Development, Bangladesh Council of Scientific and Industrial Research, Dhaka 1205, Bangladesh
| | - Shuai Wu
- College of Material Engineering, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350108, China; (Y.C.); (A.K.M.); (S.W.); (D.X.); (D.N.)
| | - Dezhong Xu
- College of Material Engineering, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350108, China; (Y.C.); (A.K.M.); (S.W.); (D.X.); (D.N.)
| | - Dengwen Ning
- College of Material Engineering, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350108, China; (Y.C.); (A.K.M.); (S.W.); (D.X.); (D.N.)
| | - Yonghao Ni
- College of Material Engineering, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350108, China; (Y.C.); (A.K.M.); (S.W.); (D.X.); (D.N.)
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of New Brunswick, Fredericton, NB E3B 5A3, Canada
| | - Fang Huang
- College of Material Engineering, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350108, China; (Y.C.); (A.K.M.); (S.W.); (D.X.); (D.N.)
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40
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Cabrera IC, Berlioz S, Fahs A, Louarn G, Carriere P. Chemical functionalization of nano fibrillated cellulose by glycidyl silane coupling agents: A grafted silane network characterization study. Int J Biol Macromol 2020; 165:1773-1782. [PMID: 33075339 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2020.10.045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2020] [Revised: 09/29/2020] [Accepted: 10/06/2020] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Nano fibrillated cellulose (NFC) has turned into a material widely studied due to its desirable performance for numerous organic systems. Nevertheless, its surface is not very compatible with most organic systems; hence, chemical functionalization methods offer a path to solve this problem. In this study, NFC is successfully functionalized with two silane coupling agents: 3-glycidyloxypropyl trimethoxysilane (GPS) and 3-glycidyloxypropyl dimethylethoxysilane (GPMES) by a simple, direct, and environmentally friendly method. Different analyses have been carried out in order to confirm the chemical modification of NFC. ATR-IR, XPS, and 29Si NMR spectroscopies confirmed the chemical modification that allowed the understanding of the structure and the conformation onto the modified NFC surface. SEM and AFM microscopies were performed to study possible alterations in morphology; a slight change was observed. Thermal properties were also analyzed by TGA analysis. It remains stable after chemical functionalization. Grafted NFC showed good performance compared to the pristine one. It allows a better dispersion into organic systems improving their properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Isis Castro Cabrera
- Université de Toulon, Laboratoire MAtériaux, Polymères, Interfaces et Environnement Marin (MAPIEM), CS 60584, 83 041 Toulon Cedex 9, France
| | - Sophie Berlioz
- Université de Toulon, Laboratoire MAtériaux, Polymères, Interfaces et Environnement Marin (MAPIEM), CS 60584, 83 041 Toulon Cedex 9, France
| | - Armand Fahs
- Université de Toulon, Laboratoire MAtériaux, Polymères, Interfaces et Environnement Marin (MAPIEM), CS 60584, 83 041 Toulon Cedex 9, France
| | - Guy Louarn
- Université de Nantes, CNRS, Institut des Matériaux Jean Rouxel, IMN, 2 Rue de la Houssinière, 44 000 Nantes, France
| | - Pascal Carriere
- Université de Toulon, Laboratoire MAtériaux, Polymères, Interfaces et Environnement Marin (MAPIEM), CS 60584, 83 041 Toulon Cedex 9, France.
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41
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Hori Y, Enomoto Y, Kimura S, Iwata T. Synthesis of α‐1,3‐ and β‐1,3‐glucan esters with carbon–carbon double bonds and their surface modification. POLYM INT 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/pi.6157] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yuki Hori
- Science of Polymeric Materials, Department of Biomaterial Sciences Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, University of Tokyo Tokyo Japan
| | - Yukiko Enomoto
- Science of Polymeric Materials, Department of Biomaterial Sciences Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, University of Tokyo Tokyo Japan
| | - Satoshi Kimura
- Science of Polymeric Materials, Department of Biomaterial Sciences Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, University of Tokyo Tokyo Japan
| | - Tadahisa Iwata
- Science of Polymeric Materials, Department of Biomaterial Sciences Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, University of Tokyo Tokyo Japan
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42
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Shah A, Kuddushi M, Mondal K, Jain M, Malek N. Magnetically driven release of dopamine from magnetic-non-magnetic cellulose beads. J Mol Liq 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molliq.2020.114290] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
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43
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Cellulose and its derivatives for lithium ion battery separators: A review on the processing methods and properties. CARBOHYDRATE POLYMER TECHNOLOGIES AND APPLICATIONS 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.carpta.2020.100001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
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Yu W, Song D, Chen W, Yang H. Antiscalants in RO membrane scaling control. WATER RESEARCH 2020; 183:115985. [PMID: 32619802 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2020.115985] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2020] [Revised: 05/04/2020] [Accepted: 05/24/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Reverse osmosis (RO) plays an important role in freshwater production. Mineral scaling is an inevitable problem in the RO desalination process. Various methods, including the pretreatment of feed water, the optimization of operational processes, the development of novel membrane materials, and the addition of antiscalants, have been developed to mitigate scale formation in RO systems. Among these methods, the addition of antiscalants is a relatively cost-effective and convenient technique for membrane scaling control. In the current work, various kinds of antiscalants, scale inhibition mechanisms, and their applications to RO membrane scaling control are reviewed. Weakness of existing antiscalants and challenge arising from their practical applications, such as membrane fouling caused by antiscalants, increased bacterial growth, dosing control, and the disposal of resultant concentrates, are also presented. To effectively alleviate scaling on RO membrane by using antiscalants, the development of novel, high-performance, and environment-friendly antiscalants on the basis of an in-depth study of the inhibition mechanisms and well-established structure-activity relationships is urgently necessary. The optimization of antiscalants and their combinations with other pretreatments in practical RO operations are essential in efficient scaling control.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210023, PR China
| | - Di Song
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210023, PR China
| | - Wei Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210023, PR China
| | - Hu Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210023, PR China.
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45
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Mugadza K, Stark A, Ndungu PG, Nyamori VO. Synthesis of Carbon Nanomaterials from Biomass Utilizing Ionic Liquids for Potential Application in Solar Energy Conversion and Storage. MATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2020; 13:E3945. [PMID: 32906574 PMCID: PMC7558495 DOI: 10.3390/ma13183945] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2020] [Revised: 07/31/2020] [Accepted: 08/06/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Considering its availability, renewable character and abundance in nature, this review assesses the opportunity of the application of biomass as a precursor for the production of carbon-based nanostructured materials (CNMs). CNMs are exceptionally shaped nanomaterials that possess distinctive properties, with far-reaching applicability in a number of areas, including the fabrication of sustainable and efficient energy harnessing, conversion and storage devices. This review describes CNM synthesis, properties and modification, focusing on reports using biomass as starting material. Since biomass comprises 60-90% cellulose, the current review takes into account the properties of cellulose. Noting that highly crystalline cellulose poses a difficulty in dissolution, ionic liquids (ILs) are proposed as the solvent system to dissolve the cellulose-containing biomass in generating precursors for the synthesis of CNMs. Preliminary results with cellulose and sugarcane bagasse indicate that ILs can not only be used to make the biomass available in a liquefied form as required for the floating catalyst CVD technique but also to control the heteroatom content and composition in situ for the heteroatom doping of the materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kudzai Mugadza
- School of Chemistry and Physics, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Private Bag X54001, Durban 4000, South Africa;
| | - Annegret Stark
- SMRI/NRF SARChI Research Chair in Sugarcane Biorefining, School of Engineering, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban 4041, South Africa
| | - Patrick G. Ndungu
- Energy, Sensors and Multifunctional Nanomaterials Research Group, Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Johannesburg, Doornfontein, Johannesburg 2028, South Africa
| | - Vincent O. Nyamori
- School of Chemistry and Physics, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Private Bag X54001, Durban 4000, South Africa;
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46
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Non-covalent interactions of imidazolium-based ionic liquids with model pyrrolidones revealed by FTIR spectroscopy and quantum chemical model calculations. J Mol Liq 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molliq.2020.113445] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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47
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Gough CR, Rivera-Galletti A, Cowan DA, Salas-de la Cruz D, Hu X. Protein and Polysaccharide-Based Fiber Materials Generated from Ionic Liquids: A Review. Molecules 2020; 25:E3362. [PMID: 32722182 PMCID: PMC7435976 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25153362] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2020] [Revised: 07/19/2020] [Accepted: 07/24/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Natural biomacromolecules such as structural proteins and polysaccharides are composed of the basic building blocks of life: amino acids and carbohydrates. Understanding their molecular structure, self-assembly and interaction in solvents such as ionic liquids (ILs) is critical for unleashing a flora of new materials, revolutionizing the way we fabricate multi-structural and multi-functional systems with tunable physicochemical properties. Ionic liquids are superior to organic solvents because they do not produce unwanted by-products and are considered green substitutes because of their reusability. In addition, they will significantly improve the miscibility of biopolymers with other materials while maintaining the mechanical properties of the biopolymer in the final product. Understanding and controlling the physicochemical properties of biopolymers in ionic liquids matrices will be crucial for progress leading to the ability to fabricate robust multi-level structural 1D fiber materials. It will also help to predict the relationship between fiber conformation and protein secondary structures or carbohydrate crystallinity, thus creating potential applications for cell growth signaling, ionic conductivity, liquid diffusion and thermal conductivity, and several applications in biomedicine and environmental science. This will also enable the regeneration of biopolymer composite fiber materials with useful functionalities and customizable options critical for additive manufacturing. The specific capabilities of these fiber materials have been shown to vary based on their fabrication methods including electrospinning and post-treatments. This review serves to provide basic knowledge of these commonly utilized protein and polysaccharide biopolymers and their fiber fabrication methods from various ionic liquids, as well as the effect of post-treatments on these fiber materials and their applications in biomedical and pharmaceutical research, wound healing, environmental filters and sustainable and green chemistry research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christopher R. Gough
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rowan University, Glassboro, NJ 08028, USA; (C.R.G.); (A.R.-G.); (D.A.C.)
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Rowan University, Glassboro, NJ 08028, USA
| | - Ashley Rivera-Galletti
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rowan University, Glassboro, NJ 08028, USA; (C.R.G.); (A.R.-G.); (D.A.C.)
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Rowan University, Glassboro, NJ 08028, USA
| | - Darrel A. Cowan
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rowan University, Glassboro, NJ 08028, USA; (C.R.G.); (A.R.-G.); (D.A.C.)
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Rowan University, Glassboro, NJ 08028, USA
| | - David Salas-de la Cruz
- Department of Chemistry, and Center for Computational and Integrative Biology, Camden, NJ 08102, USA;
| | - Xiao Hu
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rowan University, Glassboro, NJ 08028, USA; (C.R.G.); (A.R.-G.); (D.A.C.)
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Rowan University, Glassboro, NJ 08028, USA
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biosciences, Rowan University, Glassboro, NJ 08028, USA
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Elhi F, Peikolainen AL, Kiefer R, Tamm T. Cellulose-Multiwall Carbon Nanotube Fiber Actuator Behavior in Aqueous and Organic Electrolyte. MATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2020; 13:E3213. [PMID: 32707652 PMCID: PMC7412319 DOI: 10.3390/ma13143213] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2020] [Revised: 07/12/2020] [Accepted: 07/16/2020] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
As both consumers and producers are shifting from fossil-derived materials to other, more sustainable approaches, there is a growing interest in bio-origin and biodegradable polymers. In search of bio-degradable electro-mechanically active materials, cellulose-multi wall carbon nanotube (Cell-CNT) composites are a focus for the development of actuators and sensors. In the current study, our aim was to fabricate Cell-CNT composite fibers and study their electro-mechanical response as linear actuators in aqueous and propylene carbonate-based electrolyte solutions. While the response was (expectedly) strongly solvent dependent, the different solvents also revealed unexpected phenomena. Cell-CNT fibers in propylene carbonate revealed a strong back-relaxation process at low frequencies, and also a frequency dependent response direction change (change of actuation direction). Cell-CNT fibers operated in aqueous electrolyte showed response typical to electrochemical capacitors including expansion at discharging with controllable actuation dependence on charge density. While the response was similarly stable in both electrolyte solution systems, the aqueous electrolytes were clearly favorable for Cell-CNT with 3.4 times higher conductivities, 4.3 times higher charge densities and 11 times higher strain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fred Elhi
- Intelligent Materials and Systems Lab, Institute of Technology, University of Tartu, Nooruse 1, 50411 Tartu, Estonia; (F.E.); (A.-L.P.); (T.T.)
| | - Anna-Liisa Peikolainen
- Intelligent Materials and Systems Lab, Institute of Technology, University of Tartu, Nooruse 1, 50411 Tartu, Estonia; (F.E.); (A.-L.P.); (T.T.)
| | - Rudolf Kiefer
- Faculty of Applied Sciences, Ton Duc Thang University, Ho Chi Minh City 700000, Vietnam
| | - Tarmo Tamm
- Intelligent Materials and Systems Lab, Institute of Technology, University of Tartu, Nooruse 1, 50411 Tartu, Estonia; (F.E.); (A.-L.P.); (T.T.)
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Wood Surface Modification—Classic and Modern Approaches in Wood Chemical Treatment by Esterification Reactions. COATINGS 2020. [DOI: 10.3390/coatings10070629] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Wood surface modification is a comprehensive concept which, in time, turned out to be as successful as challenging when it comes to improve the resistance of wood during its life cycle in both indoor and outdoor applications. The initial approaches have aimed at simple methods with immediate results. Nowadays, the paradigm has slightly changed due to the scientific and technical advances, and some methods has become intermediate stages in more complex processes, after being used, for long time, as stand-alone procedures. The esterification was employed as a convenient method for wood surface modification due to the high amount of free hydroxyl groups available at the surface of wood and other lignocellulosic materials. Therefore, different esterification approaches were tested: activated condensation with carboxylic acids (monocarboxylic, as well as dicarboxylic acids, fatty acids, etc.) in the presence of condensation activating agents (such as trifluoroacetic anhydride); reaction with β-halogen-substituted carboxylic acids; esterification using carboxylic acids derivatives (acyl chlorides, anhydrides) or even multifunctional carboxylic acids (i.e., tricine). Thus, wood with improved dimensional stability and weathering resilience, higher fire resistance, enhanced hydrophobic character, and mechanical durability was obtained. This paper offers an overview of some of the most recent advances reported in the field, presented in a systematic manner, using the type of reaction as classification criterion. The main improvements will be outlined in a critical assessment in order to provide an useful tool for a wise choice in future applications.
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