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Ma Y, Chen S, Dai G. Exploring prognostic factors for survival in patients with advanced pancreatic cancer undergoing PD-1 inhibitor immunotherapy. Hum Vaccin Immunother 2024; 20:2376429. [PMID: 39041377 PMCID: PMC11268236 DOI: 10.1080/21645515.2024.2376429] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2024] [Accepted: 07/02/2024] [Indexed: 07/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Immunotherapy, led by programmed cell death protein-1 (PD-1) inhibitors, has emerged as a prominent antitumor therapy, yet prognostic challenges persist in pancreatic cancer (PC). This retrospective, single-center study evaluated prognostic factors in advanced PC patients treated with PD-1 inhibitors at the PLA General Hospital's Oncology Department from 2015-2022. With ethics approval by the Ethics Committee of the General Hospital of the People's Liberation Army (S2021-228-03), we analyzed 126 patients using Kaplan-Meier and Cox models. p < .05 was considered a statistically significant difference. Median overall survival (mOS) and progression-free survival (mPFS) were 12.1 and 4.6 months, respectively. Significant mOS predictors were surgery history (44.2 months vs. 10 months, *p = .022), absence of liver metastases (44.2 months vs. 6.4 months, *p = .034), and baseline CA19-9 ≤ 216.15 U/ml (18.5 months vs. 9.2 months, *p = .049). For mPFS, histologic differentiation (5.5 months vs. 3.2 months, *p = .022) and first-line PD-1 inhibitor use (5.1 months vs. 1.5 months, ***p = .001) were key. Subgroup analyses highlighted early progression in low histologic differentiation and earlier death without surgery. History of surgery, absence of liver metastases, baseline CA19-9 level, and histologic intermediate/high differentiation may predict PD-1 inhibitor efficacy in advanced PC, pending validation in prospective trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yue Ma
- Department of Medical Oncology, Medical School of Chinese PLA, Beijing, China
- Department of Medical Oncology, The First Medical Centre, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Shiyun Chen
- Department of Medical Oncology, Medical School of Chinese PLA, Beijing, China
- Department of Medical Oncology, The First Medical Centre, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Guanghai Dai
- Department of Medical Oncology, The First Medical Centre, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
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2
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Tan J, Liao S, Yuan B, Liu X, Yu W, Zhan H, Jiang Y, Liu Y. Targeting SMYD2 promotes ferroptosis and impacts the progression of pancreatic cancer through the c-Myc/NCOA4 axis-mediated ferritinophagy. Biochim Biophys Acta Gen Subj 2024; 1868:130683. [PMID: 39089637 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbagen.2024.130683] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2024] [Revised: 07/10/2024] [Accepted: 07/25/2024] [Indexed: 08/04/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Pancreatic cancer (PC) is characterized by a poor prognosis and limited treatment options. Ferroptosis plays an important role in cancer, SET and MYND domain-containing protein 2 (SMYD2) is widely expressed in various cancers. However, the role of SMYD2 in regulating ferroptosis in PC remains unexplored. This study aimed to investigate the role of SMYD2 in mediating ferroptosis and its mechanistic implications in PC progression. METHODS The levels of SMYD2, c-Myc, and NCOA4 were assessed in PC tissues, and peritumoral tissues. SMYD2 expression was further analyzed in human PC cell lines. In BxPC3 cells, the expression of c-Myc, NCOA4, autophagy-related proteins, and mitochondrial morphology, was evaluated following transfection with si-SMYD2 and treatment with autophagy inhibitors and ferroptosis inhibitors. Ferroptosis levels were quantified using flow cytometry and ELISA assays. RNA immunoprecipitation was conducted to elucidate the interaction between c-Myc and NCOA4 mRNA. A xenograft mouse model was constructed to validate the impact of SMYD2 knockdown on PC growth. RESULTS SMYD2 and c-Myc were found to be highly expressed in PC tissues, while NCOA4 showed reduced expression. Among the PC cell lines studied, BxPC3 cells exhibited the highest SMYD2 expression. SMYD2 knockdown led to decreased c-Myc levels, increased NCOA4 expression, reduced autophagy-related protein expression, mitochondrial shrinkage, and heightened ferroptosis levels. Additionally, an interaction between c-Myc and NCOA4 was identified. In vivo, SMYD2 knockdown inhibited tumor growth. CONCLUSIONS Targeting SMYD2 inhibits PC progression by promoting ferritinophagy-dependent ferroptosis through the c-Myc/NCOA4 axis. These findings provide insights into potential diagnostic and therapeutic strategies for PC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan Tan
- Department of Pathology, Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Shan Liao
- Department of Pathology, Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Bowen Yuan
- Department of Pathology, Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Xinrong Liu
- Department of Pathology, Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Wentao Yu
- Department of Pathology, Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Han Zhan
- 921 Hospital of the Chinese People's Liberation Army Joint Logistic Support Force, Changsha, China
| | - Yan Jiang
- Department of Pathology, Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Yang Liu
- Department of Pathology, Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China.
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3
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Xu JR, Wu XN, Si YQ, Yang JP, Liu XS. Pancreatic cancer with gastrointestinal obstruction as an initial symptom. Hepatobiliary Pancreat Dis Int 2024; 23:545-547. [PMID: 37648553 DOI: 10.1016/j.hbpd.2023.08.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2023] [Accepted: 08/21/2023] [Indexed: 09/01/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Jia-Ren Xu
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310003, China
| | - Xing-Nan Wu
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310003, China
| | - Yong-Qiang Si
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310003, China
| | - Jin-Pu Yang
- Department of Gastroenterology, the First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310003, China
| | - Xiao-Sun Liu
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310003, China.
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Dai J, He J, Phadnis MA. Sample size considerations for single-arm clinical trials with time-to-event endpoint using the gamma distribution. Contemp Clin Trials Commun 2024; 41:101344. [PMID: 39228686 PMCID: PMC11369365 DOI: 10.1016/j.conctc.2024.101344] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2023] [Revised: 07/19/2024] [Accepted: 07/27/2024] [Indexed: 09/05/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Time-to-event (TTE) endpoints are evaluated as the primary endpoint in single-arm clinical trials; however, limited options are available in statistical software for sample size calculation. In single-arm trials with TTE endpoints, the non-parametric log-rank test is commonly used. Parametric options for single-arm design assume survival times follow exponential distribution or Weibull distribution. Methods The exponential- or Weibull-distributed survival time assumption does not always reflect hazard pattern of real-life diseases. We therefore propose gamma distribution as an alternative parametric option for designing single-arm studies with TTE endpoints. We outline a sample size calculation approach using gamma distribution with a known shape parameter and explain how to extract the gamma shape estimate from previously published resources. In addition, we conduct simulations to assess the accuracy of the extracted gamma shape parameter and to explore the impact on sample size calculation when survival time distribution is misspecified. Results Our simulations show that if a previously published study (sample sizes ≥ 60 and censoring proportions ≤ 20 %) reported median and inter-quartile range of survival time, we can obtain a reasonably accurate gamma shape estimate, and use it to design new studies. When true survival time is Weibull-distributed, sample size calculation could be underestimated or overestimated depending on the hazard shape. Conclusions We show how to use gamma distribution in designing a single-arm trial, thereby offering more options beyond the exponential and Weibull. We provide a simulation-based assessment to ensure an accurate estimation of the gamma shape and recommend caution to avoid misspecification of the underlying distribution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junqiang Dai
- Department of Biostatistics and Data Science, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS, USA
| | - Jianghua He
- Department of Biostatistics and Data Science, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS, USA
| | - Milind A. Phadnis
- Department of Biostatistics and Data Science, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS, USA
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5
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Ead AS, Wirkus J, Matsukuma K, Mackenzie GG. A high-fat diet induces changes in mesenteric adipose tissue accelerating early-stage pancreatic carcinogenesis in mice. J Nutr Biochem 2024; 131:109690. [PMID: 38876394 DOI: 10.1016/j.jnutbio.2024.109690] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2024] [Revised: 06/01/2024] [Accepted: 06/09/2024] [Indexed: 06/16/2024]
Abstract
Increased adiposity is a significant risk factor for pancreatic cancer development. Multiple preclinical studies have documented that high-fat, high calorie diets, rich in omega-6 fatty acids (FA) accelerate pancreatic cancer development. However, the effect of a high-fat, low sucrose diet (HFD), on pancreatic carcinogenesis remains unclear. We evaluated the impact of a HFD on early-stage pancreatic carcinogenesis in the clinically relevant KrasLSL-G12D/+; Ptf1aCre/+ (KC) genetically engineered mouse model, and characterized the role of the mesenteric adipose tissue (MAT). Cohorts of male and female KC mice were randomly assigned to a control diet (CD) or a HFD, matched for FA composition (9:1 of omega-6 FA: omega-3 FA), and fed their diets for 8 weeks. After 8 weeks on a HFD, KC mice had significantly higher body weight, fat mass, and serum leptin compared to CD-fed KC mice. Furthermore, a HFD accelerated pancreatic acinar-to-ductal metaplasia (ADM) and proliferation, associated with increased activation of ERK and STAT3, and macrophage infiltration in the pancreas, compared to CD-fed KC mice. Metabolomics analysis of the MAT revealed sex differences between diet groups. In females, a HFD altered metabolites related to FA (α-linolenic acid and linoleic acid) and amino acid metabolism (alanine, aspartate, glutamate). In males, a HFD significantly affected pathways related to alanine, aspartate, glutamate, linoleic acid, and the citric acid cycle. A HFD accelerates early pancreatic ADM through multifaceted mechanisms, including effects at the tumor and surrounding MAT. The sex-dependent changes in MAT metabolites could explain some of the sex differences in HFD-induced pancreatic ADM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aya S Ead
- Department of Nutrition, University of California, Davis, California, USA
| | - Joanna Wirkus
- Department of Nutrition, University of California, Davis, California, USA
| | - Karen Matsukuma
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Davis Medical Center, University of California, Sacramento, California, USA; University of California Davis Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California, Sacramento, California, USA
| | - Gerardo G Mackenzie
- Department of Nutrition, University of California, Davis, California, USA; University of California Davis Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California, Sacramento, California, USA.
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Wang Y, Liu H, Zhang M, Xu J, Zheng L, Liu P, Chen J, Liu H, Chen C. Epigenetic reprogramming in gastrointestinal cancer: biology and translational perspectives. MedComm (Beijing) 2024; 5:e670. [PMID: 39184862 PMCID: PMC11344282 DOI: 10.1002/mco2.670] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2023] [Revised: 07/03/2024] [Accepted: 07/08/2024] [Indexed: 08/27/2024] Open
Abstract
Gastrointestinal tumors, the second leading cause of human mortality, are characterized by their association with inflammation. Currently, progress in the early diagnosis and effective treatment of gastrointestinal tumors is limited. Recent whole-genome analyses have underscored their profound heterogeneity and extensive genetic and epigenetic reprogramming. Epigenetic reprogramming pertains to dynamic and hereditable alterations in epigenetic patterns, devoid of concurrent modifications in the underlying DNA sequence. Common epigenetic modifications encompass DNA methylation, histone modifications, noncoding RNA, RNA modifications, and chromatin remodeling. These modifications possess the potential to invoke or suppress a multitude of genes associated with cancer, thereby governing the establishment of chromatin configurations characterized by diverse levels of accessibility. This intricate interplay assumes a pivotal and indispensable role in governing the commencement and advancement of gastrointestinal cancer. This article focuses on the impact of epigenetic reprogramming in the initiation and progression of gastric cancer, esophageal cancer, and colorectal cancer, as well as other uncommon gastrointestinal tumors. We elucidate the epigenetic landscape of gastrointestinal tumors, encompassing DNA methylation, histone modifications, chromatin remodeling, and their interrelationships. Besides, this review summarizes the potential diagnostic, therapeutic, and prognostic targets in epigenetic reprogramming, with the aim of assisting clinical treatment strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yingjie Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer CenterWest China HospitalSichuan UniversityChengduSichuanChina
| | - Hongyu Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer CenterWest China HospitalSichuan UniversityChengduSichuanChina
| | - Mengsha Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer CenterWest China HospitalSichuan UniversityChengduSichuanChina
| | - Jing Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer CenterWest China HospitalSichuan UniversityChengduSichuanChina
| | - Liuxian Zheng
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer CenterWest China HospitalSichuan UniversityChengduSichuanChina
| | - Pengpeng Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer CenterWest China HospitalSichuan UniversityChengduSichuanChina
| | - Jingyao Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer CenterWest China HospitalSichuan UniversityChengduSichuanChina
| | - Hongyu Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer CenterWest China HospitalSichuan UniversityChengduSichuanChina
| | - Chong Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer CenterWest China HospitalSichuan UniversityChengduSichuanChina
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Mahmood S, Sameer HM, Ejaz A, Ahsan SM, Mazhar U, Zulfiqar K. Rising Mortality among Non-Hispanics due to Pancreatic Cancer in the United States. A CDC Database analysis. J Gastrointest Cancer 2024; 55:1229-1238. [PMID: 38888729 DOI: 10.1007/s12029-024-01084-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/15/2024] [Indexed: 06/20/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE To examine mortality trends among non-Hispanic (NH) adults with pancreatic cancer. METHOD CDC-WONDER database was used to extract death certificate data on pancreatic cancer-related mortality in NH adults aged ≥ 45 from 1999 to 2020. Age-adjusted mortality rates (AAMRs) per 100,000 persons and annual percent changes (APCs) were calculated and stratified by year, age, sex, race, and region. RESULTS From 1999 to 2020, 783,772 deaths occurred among middle-aged (45-64) and older (65-85 +) NH adults. Overall AAMR increased from 31.7 in 1999 to 33.8 in 2020 (APC: 0.35; 95% CI:0.28-0.41). NH older adults had higher AAMRs (67.9) than NH middle-aged adults (12.5). Men consistently had higher AAMRs (37.7) than women (28.4). NH African Americans had the highest AAMRs (40.8) compared to NH Whites (32.1), NH American Indians (23.9), and NH Asians (22.4). Metropolitan areas had a higher AAMR (32.7) than non-metropolitan areas (32.2). The Northeast region had the highest AAMR (34.0) followed by Midwest (33.2), South (32.2), and West (30.1). Delaware, District of Columbia, Louisiana, Michigan, and Mississippi had the highest AAMRs among states. CONCLUSIONS Pancreatic cancer-related mortality among NH adults has increased from 1999 to 2020. Highest AAMRs were reported in older men, NH African Americans, the Northeastern and metropolitan areas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samar Mahmood
- Department of Internal Medicine, Dow University of Health Sciences, Mission Rd, New Labour Colony Nanakwara, Karachi, 74200, Pakistan.
| | | | - Arooba Ejaz
- Department of Internal Medicine, Dow University of Health Sciences, Mission Rd, New Labour Colony Nanakwara, Karachi, 74200, Pakistan
| | | | - Urooj Mazhar
- Department of Medicine, Liaquat National Medical College, Karachi, Pakistan
| | - Komal Zulfiqar
- Department of Medicine, Allama Iqbal Medical College, Lahore, Pakistan
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8
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Mukherjee S, Qi C, Shaw R, Jones CM, Bridgewater JA, Radhakrishna G, Patel N, Holmes J, Virdee PS, Tranter B, Parsons P, Falk S, Wasan HS, Ajithkumar TV, Holyoake D, Roy R, Scott-Brown M, Hurt CN, O'Neill E, Sebag-Montefiore D, Maughan TS, Hawkins MA, Corrie P. Standard or high dose chemoradiotherapy, with or without the protease inhibitor nelfinavir, in patients with locally advanced pancreatic cancer: The phase 1/randomised phase 2 SCALOP-2 trial. Eur J Cancer 2024; 209:114236. [PMID: 39059185 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejca.2024.114236] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2024] [Revised: 07/08/2024] [Accepted: 07/16/2024] [Indexed: 07/28/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The multi-centre two-stage SCALOP-2 trial (ISRCTN50083238) assessed whether dose escalation of consolidative chemoradiotherapy (CRT) or concurrent sensitization using the protease inhibitor nelfinavir improve outcomes in locally advanced pancreatic cancer (LAPC) following four cycles of gemcitabine/nab-paclitaxel. METHODS In stage 1, the maximum tolerated dose (MTD) of nelfinavir concurrent with standard-dose CRT (50.4 Gy in 28 fractions) was identified from a cohort of 27 patients. In stage 2, 159 patients were enrolled in an open-label randomized controlled comparison of standard versus high dose (60 Gy in 30 fractions) CRT, with or without nelfinavir at MTD. Primary outcomes following dose escalation and nelfinavir use were respectively overall survival (OS) and progression free survival (PFS). Secondary endpoints included health-related quality of life (HRQoL). RESULTS High dose CRT did not improve OS (16.9 (60 % confidence interval, CI 16.2-17.7) vs. 15.6 (60 %CI 14.3-18.2) months; adjusted hazard ratio, HR 1.13 (60 %CI 0.91-1.40; p = 0.68)). Similarly, median PFS was not improved by nelfinavir (10.0 (60 %CI 9.9-10.2) vs. 11.1 (60 %CI 10.3-12.8) months; adjusted HR 1.71 (60 %CI 1.38-2.12; p = 0.98)). Local progression at 12 months was numerically lower with high-dose CRT than with standard dose CRT (n = 11/46 (23.9 %) vs. n = 15/45 (33.3 %)). Neither nelfinavir nor radiotherapy dose escalation impacted on treatment compliance or grade 3/4 adverse event rate. There were no sustained differences in HRQoL scores between treatment groups over 28 weeks post-treatment. CONCLUSIONS Dose-escalated CRT may improve local tumour control and is well tolerated when used as consolidative treatment in LAPC but does not impact OS. Nelfinavir use does not improve PFS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Somnath Mukherjee
- Oxford Cancer Centre, Oxford University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Oxford, UK.
| | - Cathy Qi
- Centre for Statistics in Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Rachel Shaw
- Oncology Clinical Trials Office (OCTO), Department of Oncology, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Christopher M Jones
- Department of Oncology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK; Addenbrooke's Hospital, Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Cambridge, UK
| | - John A Bridgewater
- UCL Cancer Institute, University College London Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
| | - Ganesh Radhakrishna
- The Christie Hospital, The Christie Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester, UK
| | - Neel Patel
- Department of Radiology, Oxford University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Oxford, UK
| | - Jane Holmes
- Centre for Statistics in Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Pradeep S Virdee
- Centre for Statistics in Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Bethan Tranter
- Velindre Cancer Centre, Velindre University NHS Trust, Cardiff, UK
| | - Philip Parsons
- Velindre Cancer Centre, Velindre University NHS Trust, Cardiff, UK
| | - Stephen Falk
- Bristol Cancer Centre, University Hospitals Bristol NHS Foundation Trust, Bristol, UK
| | - Harpreet S Wasan
- Department of Surgery & Cancer, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Thankamma V Ajithkumar
- Addenbrooke's Hospital, Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Cambridge, UK
| | - Daniel Holyoake
- Norfolk & Norwich University Hospital, Norfolk & Norwich University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Norwich, UK
| | - Rajarshi Roy
- Queen's Centre for Oncology, Hull University Teaching Hospitals NHS Trust, Hull, UK
| | - Martin Scott-Brown
- Coventry Cancer Centre, University Hospital Coventry & Warwickshire, Coventry, UK
| | | | - Eric O'Neill
- Department of Oncology, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | | | - Tim S Maughan
- Oxford Institute for Radiation Oncology, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Maria A Hawkins
- Department of Medical Physics & Biomedical Engineering, University College London, London, UK
| | - Pippa Corrie
- Addenbrooke's Hospital, Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Cambridge, UK
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Ferrara B, Dugnani E, Citro A, Schiavo Lena M, Marra P, Camisa PR, Policardi M, Canu T, Esposito A, Doglioni C, Piemonti L. Establishment of a Transplantation Model of PDAC-Derived Liver Metastases. Ann Surg Oncol 2024; 31:6138-6146. [PMID: 38869763 PMCID: PMC11300624 DOI: 10.1245/s10434-024-15514-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2024] [Accepted: 05/09/2024] [Indexed: 06/14/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The highly metastatic nature of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) and the difficulty to achieve favorable patient outcomes emphasize the need for novel therapeutic solutions. For preclinical evaluations, genetically engineered mouse models are often used to mimic human PDAC but frequently fail to replicate synchronous development and metastatic spread. This study aimed to develop a transplantation model to achieve synchronous and homogenous PDAC growth with controlled metastatic patterns in the liver. METHODS To generate an orthotopic PDAC model, the DT6606 cell line was injected into the pancreas head of C57BL/6 mice, and their survival was monitored over time. To generate a heterotopic transplantation model, growing doses of three PDAC cell lines (DT6606, DT6606lm, and K8484) were injected into the portal vein of mice. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) was used to monitor metastatic progression, and histologic analysis was performed. RESULTS Orthotopically injected mice succumbed to the tumor within an 11-week period (average survival time, 78.2 ± 4.45 days). Post-mortem examinations failed to identify liver metastasis. In the intraportal model, 2 × 105 DT6606 cells resulted in an absence of liver metastases by day 21, whereas 5 × 104 DT6606lm cells and 7 × 104 K8484 cells resulted in steady metastatic growth. Higher doses caused significant metastatic liver involvement. The use of K8484 cells ensured the growth of tumors closely resembling the histopathologic characteristics of human PDAC. CONCLUSIONS This report details the authors' efforts to establish an "optimal" murine model for inducing metastatic PDAC, which is critical for advancing our understanding of the disease and developing more effective treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benedetta Ferrara
- Diabetes Research Institute, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Erica Dugnani
- Diabetes Research Institute, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Antonio Citro
- Diabetes Research Institute, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Marco Schiavo Lena
- Pathology Unit, Pancreas Translational and Clinical Research Center, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Paolo Marra
- Experimental Imaging Center, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
- Department of Radiology, ASST Papa Giovanni XXIII Hospital, University of Milano Bicocca, Bergamo, Italy
| | - Paolo Riccardo Camisa
- Diabetes Research Institute, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
- Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, Milan, Italy
| | - Martina Policardi
- Diabetes Research Institute, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Tamara Canu
- Experimental Imaging Center, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Antonio Esposito
- Experimental Imaging Center, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
- Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, Milan, Italy
| | - Claudio Doglioni
- Pathology Unit, Pancreas Translational and Clinical Research Center, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
- Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, Milan, Italy
| | - Lorenzo Piemonti
- Diabetes Research Institute, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy.
- Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, Milan, Italy.
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10
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Ahmadvand P, Farahani H, Farnell D, Darbandsari A, Topham J, Karasinska J, Nelson J, Naso J, Jones SJ, Renouf D, Schaeffer DF, Bashashati A. A Deep Learning Approach for the Identification of the Molecular Subtypes of Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma Based on Whole-Slide Pathology Images. THE AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PATHOLOGY 2024:S0002-9440(24)00325-0. [PMID: 39222907 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajpath.2024.08.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2024] [Revised: 08/12/2024] [Accepted: 08/19/2024] [Indexed: 09/04/2024]
Abstract
Delayed diagnosis and treatment resistance make pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) mortality rates high. Identifying molecular subtypes can improve treatment, but current methods are costly and time-consuming. In this study, deep learning models were utilized to identify histological features that classify PDAC molecular subtypes based on routine hematoxylin-eosin (H&E)-stained histopathological slides. 97 histopathology slides associated with resectable PDAC from the Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) project were utilized to train a deep learning model and tested the performance on 44 needle biopsy material (110 slides) from a local annotated patient cohort. The model achieved balanced accuracy of 96.19% and 83.03% in identifying the classical and basal subtypes of PDAC in the TCGA and the local cohort, respectively. This study provides a promising method to cost-effectively and rapidly classifying PDAC molecular subtypes based on routine H&E slides, potentially leading to more effective clinical management of this disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pouya Ahmadvand
- School of Biomedical Engineering, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Hossein Farahani
- School of Biomedical Engineering, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - David Farnell
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of British Columbia, BC, Vancouver, Canada; Vancouver General Hospital, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Amirali Darbandsari
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of British Columbia, BC, Vancouver, Canada
| | | | | | - Jessica Nelson
- British Columbia Cancer Research Center, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Julia Naso
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of British Columbia, BC, Vancouver, Canada
| | - Steven Jm Jones
- Michael Smith Genome Sciences Center, British Columbia Cancer Research Center, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Daniel Renouf
- Department of Medicine, University of British Columbia, BC, Vancouver, Canada
| | - David F Schaeffer
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of British Columbia, BC, Vancouver, Canada; Vancouver General Hospital, Vancouver, BC, Canada; Pancreas Centre BC.
| | - Ali Bashashati
- School of Biomedical Engineering, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada; Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of British Columbia, BC, Vancouver, Canada.
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11
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Zhao L, Jin S, Wang S, Zhang Z, Wang X, Chen Z, Wang X, Huang S, Zhang D, Wu H. Tertiary lymphoid structures in diseases: immune mechanisms and therapeutic advances. Signal Transduct Target Ther 2024; 9:225. [PMID: 39198425 PMCID: PMC11358547 DOI: 10.1038/s41392-024-01947-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2024] [Revised: 07/02/2024] [Accepted: 08/01/2024] [Indexed: 09/01/2024] Open
Abstract
Tertiary lymphoid structures (TLSs) are defined as lymphoid aggregates formed in non-hematopoietic organs under pathological conditions. Similar to secondary lymphoid organs (SLOs), the formation of TLSs relies on the interaction between lymphoid tissue inducer (LTi) cells and lymphoid tissue organizer (LTo) cells, involving multiple cytokines. Heterogeneity is a distinguishing feature of TLSs, which may lead to differences in their functions. Growing evidence suggests that TLSs are associated with various diseases, such as cancers, autoimmune diseases, transplant rejection, chronic inflammation, infection, and even ageing. However, the detailed mechanisms behind these clinical associations are not yet fully understood. The mechanisms by which TLS maturation and localization affect immune function are also unclear. Therefore, it is necessary to enhance the understanding of TLS development and function at the cellular and molecular level, which may allow us to utilize them to improve the immune microenvironment. In this review, we delve into the composition, formation mechanism, associations with diseases, and potential therapeutic applications of TLSs. Furthermore, we discuss the therapeutic implications of TLSs, such as their role as markers of therapeutic response and prognosis. Finally, we summarize various methods for detecting and targeting TLSs. Overall, we provide a comprehensive understanding of TLSs and aim to develop more effective therapeutic strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lianyu Zhao
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, Shandong, China
- School of Stomatology, Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, China
| | - Song Jin
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, Shandong, China
- School of Stomatology, Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, China
| | - Shengyao Wang
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University & Shandong Key Laboratory of Oral Tissue Regeneration & Shandong Engineering Laboratory for Dental Materials and Oral Tissue Regeneration & Shandong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Zhe Zhang
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University & Shandong Key Laboratory of Oral Tissue Regeneration & Shandong Engineering Laboratory for Dental Materials and Oral Tissue Regeneration & Shandong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Xuan Wang
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, Shandong, China
- School of Stomatology, Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, China
| | - Zhanwei Chen
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, Shandong, China
- School of Stomatology, Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, China
| | - Xiaohui Wang
- School of Stomatology, Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, China
| | - Shengyun Huang
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, Shandong, China.
- School of Stomatology, Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, China.
| | - Dongsheng Zhang
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, Shandong, China.
- School of Stomatology, Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, China.
| | - Haiwei Wu
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, Shandong, China.
- School of Stomatology, Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, China.
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12
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Zhang W, Zhao Q, Zhang H, Zhang J, Zhao F, Niu R, Hu X, Wang L, Liu P. A prognostic biomarker of disulfidptosis constructed by machine learning framework model as potential reporters of pancreatic adenocarcinoma. Cell Signal 2024; 123:111371. [PMID: 39209222 DOI: 10.1016/j.cellsig.2024.111371] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2024] [Revised: 08/22/2024] [Accepted: 08/26/2024] [Indexed: 09/04/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Pancreatic adenocarcinoma (PAAD), known for its high lethality, has not been thoroughly explored in terms of its mechanisms and patterns of immune infiltration. Disulfidptosis, a newly identified mode of cell death, is likely associated with tumorigenesis and progression but remains poorly understood in PAAD at the genetic and mechanistic levels. METHODS Sixteen PAAD samples from the GSE154778 scRNA-seq dataset were subjected to single-cell analysis. Disulfidptosis grouping and scores were established across various immune cell populations. Using the TCGA-PAAD database, LASSO regression was employed to construct prognostic markers linked to disulfidptosis. The performance of this model was assessed in both training and independent validation cohorts. Subsequent analyses explored the correlations between disulfidptosis scores, immune infiltration, and drug sensitivity. Cellular experiments further confirmed the significant positive relationship of the gene MET with disulfidptosis and its role in influencing the invasion and metastasis of PAAD. RESULTS WGCNA identified Disulf-High and Disulf-Low as modules strongly correlated with disulfidptosis. Five prognostically significant genes were selected to construct prognostic models. Survival analysis demonstrated that the disulfidptosis-related biological model successfully achieved prognostic stratification in PAAD patients. Additionally, the disulfidptosis score was significantly correlated with both immune infiltration and drug sensitivity. Knockdown of the MET gene substantially inhibited cell multiplication and cell cycle progression in two PAAD cell lines, effects potentially induced by the activation of the PI3K/AKT signalling pathway in the tumour. CONCLUSION Key genes associated with disulfidptosis significantly correlate with immune infiltration and the development of PAAD. Biomarkers based on disulfidptosis present potential avenues for novel therapies and clinical treatments in PAAD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenhui Zhang
- Department of Emergency, Affiliated Hospital of Hebei University, Baoding, Hebei, China
| | - Qing Zhao
- Department of Oncology, Rugao Boai Hospital, Rugao, Jiangsu, China
| | - Hongqiang Zhang
- Department of Emergency, Affiliated Hospital of Hebei University, Baoding, Hebei, China
| | - Jianjun Zhang
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Hebei University, Baoding, Hebei, China
| | - Fangchao Zhao
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China
| | - Ren Niu
- Second Department of Oncology, The Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China.
| | - Xinmei Hu
- Department of Emergency, Affiliated Hospital of Hebei University, Baoding, Hebei, China.
| | - Lili Wang
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Hebei University, Baoding, Hebei, China.
| | - Peng Liu
- Department of Emergency, Affiliated Hospital of Hebei University, Baoding, Hebei, China.
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13
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Xiao M, Yang J, Dong M, Mao X, Pan H, Lei Y, Tong X, Yu X, Yu X, Shi S. NLRP4 renders pancreatic cancer resistant to olaparib through promotion of the DNA damage response and ROS-induced autophagy. Cell Death Dis 2024; 15:620. [PMID: 39187531 PMCID: PMC11347561 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-024-06984-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2023] [Revised: 08/05/2024] [Accepted: 08/07/2024] [Indexed: 08/28/2024]
Abstract
Olaparib has been approved as a therapeutic option for metastatic pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma patients with BRCA1/2 mutations. However, a significant majority of pancreatic cancer patients have inherent resistance or develop tolerance to olaparib. It is crucial to comprehend the molecular mechanism underlying olaparib resistance to facilitate the development of targeted therapies for pancreatic cancer. In this study, we conducted an analysis of the DepMap database to investigate gene expression variations associated with olaparib sensitivity. Our findings revealed that NLRP4 upregulation contributes to increased resistance to olaparib in pancreatic cancer cells, both in vitro and in vivo. RNA sequencing and Co-IP MS analysis revealed that NLRP4 is involved in the DNA damage response and autophagy pathway. Our findings confirmed that NLRP4 enhances the capacity for DNA repair and induces the production of significant levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and autophagy in response to treatment with olaparib. Specifically, NLRP4-generated mitochondrial ROS promote autophagy in pancreatic cancer cells upon exposure to olaparib. However, NLRP4-induced ROS do not affect DNA damage. The inhibition of mitochondrial ROS using MitoQ and autophagy using chloroquine (CQ) may render cells more susceptible to the effects of olaparib. Taken together, our findings highlight the significant roles played by NLRP4 in the processes of autophagy and DNA repair when pancreatic cancer cells are treated with olaparib, thereby suggesting the potential therapeutic utility of olaparib in pancreatic cancer patients with low NLRP4 expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingming Xiao
- Department of Pancreatic Surgery, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, 200032, China
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China
- Shanghai Pancreatic Center Institute, Shanghai, 200032, China
- Pancreatic Center Institute, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Jing Yang
- Department of Pancreatic Surgery, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, 200032, China
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Mingwei Dong
- Shanghai Pancreatic Center Institute, Shanghai, 200032, China
- Pancreatic Center Institute, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Xiaoqi Mao
- Department of Pancreatic Surgery, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, 200032, China
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Haoqi Pan
- Shanghai Pancreatic Center Institute, Shanghai, 200032, China
- Pancreatic Center Institute, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Yalan Lei
- Department of Pancreatic Surgery, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, 200032, China
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Xuhui Tong
- Department of Pancreatic Surgery, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, 200032, China
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Xiaoning Yu
- Shanghai Pancreatic Center Institute, Shanghai, 200032, China
- Pancreatic Center Institute, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Xianjun Yu
- Department of Pancreatic Surgery, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, 200032, China.
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China.
- Shanghai Pancreatic Center Institute, Shanghai, 200032, China.
- Pancreatic Center Institute, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China.
| | - Si Shi
- Department of Pancreatic Surgery, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, 200032, China.
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China.
- Shanghai Pancreatic Center Institute, Shanghai, 200032, China.
- Pancreatic Center Institute, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China.
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14
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Jiang Y, Yuan Y, Qiao G, Deng Z, Liu Z, Zhang Y, Yu L, Lin H, Ma L, Zhang J. Paradoxical action of PP2A inhibition and its potential for therapeutic sensitization. J Cell Physiol 2024:e31413. [PMID: 39150149 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.31413] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2024] [Revised: 07/19/2024] [Accepted: 08/07/2024] [Indexed: 08/17/2024]
Abstract
The protein phosphatase 2A (PP2A), a serine/threonine phosphatase, is recognized as a tumor suppressor involved in diverse cellular processes and essential for maintaining cell viability in vivo. However, endogenous inhibitors of PP2A such as cancerous inhibitor of PP2A (CIP2A) and endogenous nuclear protein inhibitor 2 of PP2A (SET) counteract the anticancer function of PP2A, promoting tumorigenesis, development, and drug resistance in tumors. Surprisingly though, contrary to conventional understanding, inhibition of the tumor suppressor gene PP2A with exogenous small molecule compounds can enhance the efficacy of cancer treatment and achieve superior tumor inhibition. Moreover, exogenous PP2A inhibitors resensitize cancers to treatment and provide novel therapeutic strategies for drug-resistant tumors, which warrant further investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yue Jiang
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai Tongren Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Ying Yuan
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai Tongren Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Guanglei Qiao
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai Tongren Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhoufeng Deng
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai Tongren Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Zimei Liu
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai Tongren Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yan Zhang
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai Tongren Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Liping Yu
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai Tongren Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Hongjian Lin
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai Tongren Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Lijun Ma
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai Tongren Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Jianjun Zhang
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai Tongren Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
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15
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Zhou W, Deng X, Wang B, Yuan Y, Ma J, Meng X. HTF4 modulates the transcription of GID2 to promote the malignant biological behavior of pancreatic cancer. Pancreatology 2024:S1424-3903(24)00706-3. [PMID: 39216997 DOI: 10.1016/j.pan.2024.08.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2024] [Revised: 08/09/2024] [Accepted: 08/12/2024] [Indexed: 09/04/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Helix-loop-helix transcription factor 4 (HTF4) as an anti-cancer target has been reported in many human cancers, but limited data exists regarding the effect of HTF4 in pancreatic cancer. In this study, we aimed to investigate the role of HTF4 in pancreatic cancer. METHODS The expression levels of HTF4 in clinical pancreatic cancer samples were measured. HTF4 was knocked down or overexpressed in pancreatic cancer cells and was subsequently tested for bio-function using in vitro assays and in vivo. The regulation of HTF4 on GID2 was assessed via bioinformatic tools and dual-luciferase reporter assay. RESULTS We found that HTF4 was highly expressed in pancreatic cancer tissues and correlated with poor patient prognosis. In addition, knocking down HTF4 expression inhibited cell proliferation, migration, and invasion, whereas HTF4 overexpression exerted the opposite effect. Moreover, HTF4 promoted tumor growth and metastasis in pancreatic cancer. Further, HTF4 bound to the GID2 promoter region and promoted transcriptional activation of GID2 in pancreatic cancer cells. GID2 knockdown suppressed HTF4-induced malignant behaviors of pancreatic cancer cells. CONCLUSIONS Our findings suggest that the HTF4/GID2 axis accelerates the progression of pancreatic cancer, providing a potential therapeutic target and prognostic indicator for the treatment of pancreatic cancer patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenyang Zhou
- Department of Pathology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Xin Deng
- Department of General Surgery, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China
| | - Baosheng Wang
- Department of General Surgery, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China
| | - Yifeng Yuan
- Department of General Surgery, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China
| | - Jia Ma
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China.
| | - Xiangpeng Meng
- Department of General Surgery, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China.
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16
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Haller SD, Essani K. Oncolytic Tanapoxvirus Variants Expressing mIL-2 and mCCL-2 Regress Human Pancreatic Cancer Xenografts in Nude Mice. Biomedicines 2024; 12:1834. [PMID: 39200298 PMCID: PMC11351728 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines12081834] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2024] [Revised: 07/01/2024] [Accepted: 08/06/2024] [Indexed: 09/02/2024] Open
Abstract
Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is the fifth leading cause of cancer-related death and presents the lowest 5-year survival rate of any form of cancer in the US. Only 20% of PDAC patients are suitable for surgical resection and adjuvant chemotherapy, which remains the only curative treatment. Chemotherapeutic and gene therapy treatments are associated with adverse effects and lack specificity/efficacy. In this study, we assess the oncolytic potential of immuno-oncolytic tanapoxvirus (TPV) recombinants expressing mouse monocyte chemoattractant protein (mMCP-1 or mCCL2) and mouse interleukin (mIL)-2 in human pancreatic BxPc-3 cells using immunocompromised and CD-3+ T-cell-reconstituted mice. Intratumoral treatment with TPV/∆66R/mCCL2 and TPV/∆66R/mIL-2 resulted in a regression in BxPc-3 xenograft volume compared to control in immunocompromised mice; mCCL-2 expressing TPV OV resulted in a significant difference from control at p < 0.05. Histological analysis of immunocompromised mice treated with TPV/∆66R/mCCL2 or TPV/∆66R/mIL-2 demonstrated multiple biomarkers indicative of increased severity of chronic, active inflammation compared to controls. In conclusion, TPV recombinants expressing mCCL2 and mIL-2 demonstrated a therapeutic effect via regression in BxPc-3 tumor xenografts. Considering the enhanced oncolytic potency of TPV recombinants demonstrated against PDAC in this study, further investigation as an alternative or combination treatment option for human PDAC may be warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Karim Essani
- Laboratory of Virology, Department of Biological Sciences, Western Michigan University, Kalamazoo, MI 49008-5410, USA;
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17
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Wang B, Hu S, Teng Y, Chen J, Wang H, Xu Y, Wang K, Xu J, Cheng Y, Gao X. Current advance of nanotechnology in diagnosis and treatment for malignant tumors. Signal Transduct Target Ther 2024; 9:200. [PMID: 39128942 PMCID: PMC11323968 DOI: 10.1038/s41392-024-01889-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2024] [Revised: 05/04/2024] [Accepted: 06/02/2024] [Indexed: 08/13/2024] Open
Abstract
Cancer remains a significant risk to human health. Nanomedicine is a new multidisciplinary field that is garnering a lot of interest and investigation. Nanomedicine shows great potential for cancer diagnosis and treatment. Specifically engineered nanoparticles can be employed as contrast agents in cancer diagnostics to enable high sensitivity and high-resolution tumor detection by imaging examinations. Novel approaches for tumor labeling and detection are also made possible by the use of nanoprobes and nanobiosensors. The achievement of targeted medication delivery in cancer therapy can be accomplished through the rational design and manufacture of nanodrug carriers. Nanoparticles have the capability to effectively transport medications or gene fragments to tumor tissues via passive or active targeting processes, thus enhancing treatment outcomes while minimizing harm to healthy tissues. Simultaneously, nanoparticles can be employed in the context of radiation sensitization and photothermal therapy to enhance the therapeutic efficacy of malignant tumors. This review presents a literature overview and summary of how nanotechnology is used in the diagnosis and treatment of malignant tumors. According to oncological diseases originating from different systems of the body and combining the pathophysiological features of cancers at different sites, we review the most recent developments in nanotechnology applications. Finally, we briefly discuss the prospects and challenges of nanotechnology in cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bilan Wang
- Department of Pharmacy, Evidence-based Pharmacy Center, Children's Medicine Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
- Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children, Ministry of Education, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, P.R. China
| | - Shiqi Hu
- Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children, Ministry of Education, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, P.R. China
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Development and Related Diseases of Women and Children Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children, Ministry of Education, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, P.R. China
| | - Yan Teng
- Institute of Laboratory Medicine, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, 610072, P.R. China
| | - Junli Chen
- West China School of Basic Medical Sciences & Forensic Medicine, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Haoyuan Wang
- Department of Neurosurgery and Institute of Neurosurgery, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, West China Medical School, Sichuan University and Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Yezhen Xu
- Department of Neurosurgery and Institute of Neurosurgery, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, West China Medical School, Sichuan University and Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Kaiyu Wang
- Department of Neurosurgery and Institute of Neurosurgery, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, West China Medical School, Sichuan University and Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Jianguo Xu
- Department of Neurosurgery and Institute of Neurosurgery, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, West China Medical School, Sichuan University and Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Yongzhong Cheng
- Department of Neurosurgery and Institute of Neurosurgery, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, West China Medical School, Sichuan University and Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy, Chengdu, 610041, China.
| | - Xiang Gao
- Department of Neurosurgery and Institute of Neurosurgery, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, West China Medical School, Sichuan University and Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy, Chengdu, 610041, China.
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18
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Zhong Y, Zhang H, Wang P, Zhao J, Ge Y, Sun Z, Wang Z, Li J, Hu S. Auger emitter in combination with Olaparib suppresses tumor growth via promoting antitumor immune responses in pancreatic cancer. Invest New Drugs 2024; 42:442-453. [PMID: 38941055 DOI: 10.1007/s10637-024-01454-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2024] [Accepted: 06/18/2024] [Indexed: 06/29/2024]
Abstract
The present study aimed to clarify the hypothesis that auger emitter 125I particles in combination with PARP inhibitor Olaparib could inhibit pancreatic cancer progression by promoting antitumor immune response. Pancreatic cancer cell line (Panc02) and mice subcutaneously inoculated with Panc02 cells were employed for the in vitro and in vivo experiments, respectively, followed by 125I and Olaparib administrations. The apoptosis and CRT exposure of Panc02 cells were detected using flow cytometry assay. QRT-PCR, immunofluorescence, immunohistochemical analysis, and western blot were employed to examine mRNA and protein expression. Experimental results showed that 125I combined with Olaparib induced immunogenic cell death and affected antigen presentation in pancreatic cancer. 125I in combination with Olaparib influenced T cells and dendritic cells by up-regulating CD4, CD8, CD69, Caspase3, CD86, granzyme B, CD80, and type I interferon (IFN)-γ and down-regulating Ki67 in vivo. The combination also activated the cyclic GMP-AMP synthase stimulator of IFN genes (Sting) pathway in Panc02 cells. Moreover, Sting knockdown alleviated the effect of the combination of 125I and Olaparib on pancreatic cancer progression. In summary, 125I in combination with Olaparib inhibited pancreatic cancer progression through promoting antitumor immune responses, which may provide a potential treatment for pancreatic cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanqi Zhong
- Department of Radiology, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangnan University, No. 1000, Hefeng Road, Wuxi, Jiangsu, 214000, China
| | - Heng Zhang
- Department of Radiology, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangnan University, No. 1000, Hefeng Road, Wuxi, Jiangsu, 214000, China
| | - Peng Wang
- Department of Radiology, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangnan University, No. 1000, Hefeng Road, Wuxi, Jiangsu, 214000, China
| | - Jing Zhao
- Department of Radiology, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangnan University, No. 1000, Hefeng Road, Wuxi, Jiangsu, 214000, China
| | - Yuxi Ge
- Department of Radiology, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangnan University, No. 1000, Hefeng Road, Wuxi, Jiangsu, 214000, China
| | - Zongqiong Sun
- Department of Radiology, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangnan University, No. 1000, Hefeng Road, Wuxi, Jiangsu, 214000, China
| | - Zi Wang
- Department of Radiology, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangnan University, No. 1000, Hefeng Road, Wuxi, Jiangsu, 214000, China
| | - Jie Li
- Department of Radiology, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangnan University, No. 1000, Hefeng Road, Wuxi, Jiangsu, 214000, China.
| | - Shudong Hu
- Department of Radiology, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangnan University, No. 1000, Hefeng Road, Wuxi, Jiangsu, 214000, China.
- Institute of Translational Medicine, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, 214122, China.
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19
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Chen Y, Zhang W, Zeng Y, Yang P, Li Y, Liang X, Liu K, Lin H, Dai Y, Zhou J, Hou B, Ma Z, Lin Y, Pang W, Zeng L. GDNF-induced phosphorylation of MUC21 promotes pancreatic cancer perineural invasion and metastasis by activating RAC2 GTPase. Oncogene 2024; 43:2564-2577. [PMID: 39020072 DOI: 10.1038/s41388-024-03102-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2024] [Revised: 07/05/2024] [Accepted: 07/09/2024] [Indexed: 07/19/2024]
Abstract
Perineural invasion (PNI) is an adverse prognostic feature of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC). However, the understanding of the interactions between tumors and neural signaling within the tumor microenvironment is limited. In the present study, we found that MUC21 servers as an independent risk factor for poor prognosis in PDAC. Furthermore, we demonstrated that MUC21 promoted the metastasis and PNI of PDAC cells by activating JNK and inducing epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT). Mechanistically, glial cell-derived neurotrophic factor, secreted by Schwann cells, phosphorylates the intracellular domain S543 of MUC21 via CDK1 in PDAC cells, facilitating the interaction between MUC21 and RAC2. This interaction leads to membrane anchoring and activation of RAC2, which in turn activates the JNK/ZEB1/EMT axis, ultimately enhancing the metastasis and PNI of PDAC cells. Our results present a novel mechanism of PNI, suggesting that MUC21 is a potential prognostic marker and therapeutic target for PDAC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yutong Chen
- Cancer Center of the Fifth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Zhuhai, 519000, Guangdong Province, China
- Guangdong Provincial Engineering Research Center of Molecular Imaging, the Fifth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Zhuhai, China
- Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao University Joint Laboratory of Interventional Medicine, the Fifth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Zhuhai, China
| | - Weiyu Zhang
- Guangdong Provincial Engineering Research Center of Molecular Imaging, the Fifth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Zhuhai, China
- Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao University Joint Laboratory of Interventional Medicine, the Fifth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Zhuhai, China
- Center for Interventional Medicine, the Fifth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Zhuhai, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Yan Zeng
- Cancer Center of the Fifth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Zhuhai, 519000, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Pengfei Yang
- Department of Pathology, the Fifth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Zhuhai, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Yaning Li
- Cancer Center of the Fifth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Zhuhai, 519000, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Xinyue Liang
- Cancer Center of the Fifth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Zhuhai, 519000, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Kecheng Liu
- Cancer Center of the Fifth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Zhuhai, 519000, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Hai Lin
- Cancer Center of the Fifth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Zhuhai, 519000, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Yalan Dai
- Cancer Center of the Fifth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Zhuhai, 519000, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Jiancong Zhou
- Cancer Center of the Fifth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Zhuhai, 519000, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Bingqi Hou
- Cancer Center of the Fifth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Zhuhai, 519000, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Zhenting Ma
- Cancer Center of the Fifth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Zhuhai, 519000, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Yujing Lin
- Department of Pathology, the Fifth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Zhuhai, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Wenzheng Pang
- Cancer Center of the Fifth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Zhuhai, 519000, Guangdong Province, China.
- Guangdong Provincial Engineering Research Center of Molecular Imaging, the Fifth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Zhuhai, China.
- Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao University Joint Laboratory of Interventional Medicine, the Fifth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Zhuhai, China.
| | - Linjuan Zeng
- Cancer Center of the Fifth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Zhuhai, 519000, Guangdong Province, China.
- Guangdong Provincial Engineering Research Center of Molecular Imaging, the Fifth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Zhuhai, China.
- Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao University Joint Laboratory of Interventional Medicine, the Fifth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Zhuhai, China.
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20
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Zhou Y, Zhang Y, Jin S, Lv J, Li M, Feng N. The gut microbiota derived metabolite trimethylamine N-oxide: Its important role in cancer and other diseases. Biomed Pharmacother 2024; 177:117031. [PMID: 38925016 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2024.117031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2024] [Revised: 06/21/2024] [Accepted: 06/21/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024] Open
Abstract
An expanding body of research indicates a correlation between the gut microbiota and various diseases. Metabolites produced by the gut microbiota act as mediators between the gut microbiota and the host, interacting with multiple systems in the human body to regulate physiological or pathological functions. However, further investigation is still required to elucidate the underlying mechanisms. One such metabolite involved in choline metabolism by gut microbes is trimethylamine (TMA), which can traverse the intestinal epithelial barrier and enter the bloodstream, ultimately reaching the liver where it undergoes oxidation catalyzed by flavin-containing monooxygenase 3 (FMO3) to form trimethylamine N-oxide (TMAO). While some TMAO is eliminated through renal excretion, remaining amounts circulate in the bloodstream, leading to systemic inflammation, endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress, mitochondrial stress, and disruption of normal physiological functions in humans. As a representative microbial metabolite originating from the gut, TMAO has significant potential both as a biomarker for monitoring disease occurrence and progression and for tailoring personalized treatment strategies for patients. This review provides an extensive overview of TMAO sources and its metabolism in human blood, as well as its impact on several major human diseases. Additionally, we explore the latest research areas related to TMAO along with future directions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuhua Zhou
- Wuxi School of Medicine, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
| | - Yuwei Zhang
- Nantong University Medical School, Nantong, China
| | - Shengkai Jin
- Wuxi School of Medicine, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
| | - Jing Lv
- Wuxi School of Medicine, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
| | - Menglu Li
- Department of Urology, Jiangnan University Medical Center, Wuxi, China.
| | - Ninghan Feng
- Wuxi School of Medicine, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China; Nantong University Medical School, Nantong, China; Department of Urology, Jiangnan University Medical Center, Wuxi, China.
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21
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Xu X, Ding Y, Dong Y, Yuan H, Xia P, Qu C, Ma J, Wang H, Zhang X, Zhao L, Li Z, Liang Z, Wang J. Nanobody-Engineered Biohybrid Bacteria Targeting Gastrointestinal Cancers Induce Robust STING-Mediated Anti-Tumor Immunity. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2024; 11:e2401905. [PMID: 38888519 PMCID: PMC11336900 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202401905] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2024] [Revised: 05/22/2024] [Indexed: 06/20/2024]
Abstract
Bacteria can be utilized for cancer therapy owing to their preferential colonization at tumor sites. However, unmodified non-pathogenic bacteria carry potential risks due to their non-specific targeting effects, and their anti-tumor activity is limited when used as monotherapy. In this study, a biohybrid-engineered bacterial system comprising non-pathogenic MG1655 bacteria modified with CDH17 nanobodies on their surface and conjugated with photosensitizer croconium (CR) molecules is developed. The resultant biohybrid bacteria can efficiently home to CDH17-positive tumors, including gastric, pancreatic, and colorectal cancers, and significantly suppress tumor growth upon irradiation. More importantly, biohybrid bacteria-mediated photothermal therapy (PTT) induced abundant macrophage infiltration in a syngeneic murine colorectal model. Further, that the STING pathway is activated in tumor macrophages by the released bacterial nucleic acid after PTT is revealed, leading to the production of type I interferons. The addition of CD47 nanobody but not PD-1 antibody to the PTT regimen can eradicate the tumors and extend survival. This results indicate that bacteria endowed with tumor-specific selectivity and coupled with photothermal payloads can serve as an innovative strategy for low-immunogenicity cancers. This strategy can potentially reprogram the tumor microenvironment by inducing macrophage infiltration and enhancing the efficacy of immunotherapy targeting macrophages.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaolong Xu
- Department of Geriatrics and Shenzhen Clinical Research Centre for Geriatrics, Department of UrologyShenzhen People's Hospital (The First Affiliated Hospital, Southern University of Science and TechnologyThe Second Clinical Medical CollegeJinan University)ShenzhenGuangdong518020China
- Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine Postdoctoral Research StationJinan UniversityGuangzhou510632China
| | - Youbin Ding
- Department of Geriatrics and Shenzhen Clinical Research Centre for Geriatrics, Department of UrologyShenzhen People's Hospital (The First Affiliated Hospital, Southern University of Science and TechnologyThe Second Clinical Medical CollegeJinan University)ShenzhenGuangdong518020China
- Department of Medical ImagingThe Third Affiliated HospitalSouthern Medical University (Academy of Orthopedics Guangdong Province)Guangzhou510515China
| | - Yafang Dong
- Department of Geriatrics and Shenzhen Clinical Research Centre for Geriatrics, Department of UrologyShenzhen People's Hospital (The First Affiliated Hospital, Southern University of Science and TechnologyThe Second Clinical Medical CollegeJinan University)ShenzhenGuangdong518020China
- Department of Medical ImagingThe Third Affiliated HospitalSouthern Medical University (Academy of Orthopedics Guangdong Province)Guangzhou510515China
| | - Haitao Yuan
- Department of Geriatrics and Shenzhen Clinical Research Centre for Geriatrics, Department of UrologyShenzhen People's Hospital (The First Affiliated Hospital, Southern University of Science and TechnologyThe Second Clinical Medical CollegeJinan University)ShenzhenGuangdong518020China
| | - Peng Xia
- Department of Hepatobiliary & Pancreatic SurgeryZhongnan Hospital of Wuhan UniversityWuhanHubei430071China
| | - Chengming Qu
- Department of Hepatobiliary & Pancreatic SurgeryZhongnan Hospital of Wuhan UniversityWuhanHubei430071China
| | - Jingbo Ma
- Department of Geriatrics and Shenzhen Clinical Research Centre for Geriatrics, Department of UrologyShenzhen People's Hospital (The First Affiliated Hospital, Southern University of Science and TechnologyThe Second Clinical Medical CollegeJinan University)ShenzhenGuangdong518020China
| | - Huifang Wang
- Department of Geriatrics and Shenzhen Clinical Research Centre for Geriatrics, Department of UrologyShenzhen People's Hospital (The First Affiliated Hospital, Southern University of Science and TechnologyThe Second Clinical Medical CollegeJinan University)ShenzhenGuangdong518020China
| | - Xiaodong Zhang
- Department of Medical ImagingThe Third Affiliated HospitalSouthern Medical University (Academy of Orthopedics Guangdong Province)Guangzhou510515China
| | - Liang Zhao
- Department of PathologyShunde Hospital, Southern Medical University (The First People's Hospital of Shunde)Foshan528308China
- Department of Pathology & Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Molecular Tumor Pathology, School of Basic Medical SciencesSouthern Medical UniversityGuangzhou510515China
| | - Zhijie Li
- Department of Geriatrics and Shenzhen Clinical Research Centre for Geriatrics, Department of UrologyShenzhen People's Hospital (The First Affiliated Hospital, Southern University of Science and TechnologyThe Second Clinical Medical CollegeJinan University)ShenzhenGuangdong518020China
| | - Zhen Liang
- Department of Geriatrics and Shenzhen Clinical Research Centre for Geriatrics, Department of UrologyShenzhen People's Hospital (The First Affiliated Hospital, Southern University of Science and TechnologyThe Second Clinical Medical CollegeJinan University)ShenzhenGuangdong518020China
| | - Jigang Wang
- Department of Geriatrics and Shenzhen Clinical Research Centre for Geriatrics, Department of UrologyShenzhen People's Hospital (The First Affiliated Hospital, Southern University of Science and TechnologyThe Second Clinical Medical CollegeJinan University)ShenzhenGuangdong518020China
- Department of OncologyThe Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical UniversityLuzhouSichuan646000China
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine and School of Pharmaceutical SciencesSouthern Medical UniversityGuangzhou510515China
- State Key Laboratory for Quality Ensurance and Sustainable Use of Dao‐di Herbs, Artemisinin Research Center, and Institute of Chinese Materia MedicaChina Academy of Chinese Medical SciencesBeijing100700China
- State Key Laboratory of Antiviral DrugsSchool of PharmacyHenan UniversityKaifeng475004China
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22
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Wang Y, Niu K, Shi Y, Zhou F, Li X, Li Y, Chen T, Zhang Y. A review: targeting UBR5 domains to mediate emerging roles and mechanisms - chance or necessity? Int J Surg 2024; 110:4947-4964. [PMID: 38701508 PMCID: PMC11326040 DOI: 10.1097/js9.0000000000001541] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2024] [Accepted: 04/15/2024] [Indexed: 05/05/2024]
Abstract
Ubiquitinases are known to catalyze ubiquitin chains on target proteins to regulate various physiological functions like cell proliferation, autophagy, apoptosis, and cell cycle progression. As a member of E3 ligase, ubiquitin protein ligase E3 component n-recognin 5 (UBR5) belongs to the HECT E3 ligase and has been reported to be correlated with various pathophysiological processes. In this review, the authors give a comprehensive insight into the structure and function of UBR5. The authors discuss the specific domains of UBR5 and explore their biological functions separately. Furthermore, the authors describe the involvement of UBR5 in different pathophysiological conditions, including immune response, virus infection, DNA damage response, and protein quality control. Moreover, the authors provide a thorough summary of the important roles and regulatory mechanisms of UBR5 in cancers and other diseases. On the whole, investigating the domains and functions of UBR5, elucidating the underlying mechanisms of UBR5 with various substrates in detail may provide new theoretical basis for the treatment of diseases, including cancers, which could improve future studies to construct novel UBR5-targeted therapy strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Yewei Zhang
- Hepatopancreatobiliary Center, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, People’s Republic of China
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23
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Tian W, Zhang Y, Yu B, Jin H, Wang W, Yuan T, Yu S, Lu H. Transcutaneous electrical acupoint stimulation for alleviating pain in patients with advanced pancreatic cancer. J Cancer Res Ther 2024; 20:1334-1337. [PMID: 38935575 DOI: 10.4103/jcrt.jcrt_2172_23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2023] [Accepted: 05/22/2024] [Indexed: 06/29/2024]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma is the fourth leading cause of cancer-related deaths globally, with a five-year survival rate of only 5%. OBJECTIVES Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma is often fatal because of the lack of specific early symptoms and effective early screening tools. Therefore, 80%-85% of patients are usually diagnosed in the advanced stages. This study aimed to investigate the analgesic effect of transcutaneous electrical acupoint stimulation in patients with advanced pancreatic cancer. METHODS Eighty patients with advanced pancreatic cancer were recruited from the Integrative Medicine Department of our hospital between June 2017 and October 2018 and randomly divided into the experimental group ( n = 40) and the control group ( n = 40). The experimental group received transcutaneous electrical acupoint stimulation combined with analgesic medication for 3 consecutive days, while the control group received only analgesic medication. The pain scores of the two groups before and after intervention were compared. RESULTS The mean pain severity score was significantly lower in the experimental group than in the control group on day 1 ( P < 0.001), day 2 ( P < 0.001), day 3 ( P = 0.005), and day 4 ( P = 0.043). CONCLUSION Transcutaneous electrical acupoint stimulation therapy effectively alleviates the pain of patients with advanced pancreatic cancer with a high degree of safety and minimal adverse effects, and is worthy of clinical application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Tian
- Department of Nursing Administration, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, China
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yun Zhang
- Department of Nursing Administration, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, China
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Bingjie Yu
- Department of Apheresis Platelet, Jinan Blood Supply and Security Center, Shandong, China
| | - Haiyan Jin
- Department of Nursing Administration, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, China
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Wen Wang
- Department of Nursing Administration, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, China
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Ting Yuan
- Department of Nursing Administration, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, China
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Shulin Yu
- Department of Integrative Medicine, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Haiyan Lu
- Department of Nursing Administration, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, China
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
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24
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Zhang Z, Yu G, Eresen A, Chen Z, Yu Z, Yaghmai V, Zhang Z. Dendritic cell vaccination combined with irreversible electroporation for treating pancreatic cancer-a narrative review. ANNALS OF TRANSLATIONAL MEDICINE 2024; 12:77. [PMID: 39118942 PMCID: PMC11304422 DOI: 10.21037/atm-23-1882] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2023] [Accepted: 02/25/2024] [Indexed: 08/10/2024]
Abstract
Background and Objective Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is 3rd most lethal cancer in the USA leading to a median survival of six months and less than 5% 5-year overall survival (OS). As the only potentially curative treatment, surgical resection is not suitable for up to 90% of the patients with PDAC due to late diagnosis. Highly fibrotic PDAC with an immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment restricts cytotoxic T lymphocyte (CTL) infiltration and functions causing limited success with systemic therapies like dendritic cell (DC)-based immunotherapy. In this study, we investigated the potential benefits of irreversible electroporation (IRE) ablation therapy in combination with DC vaccine therapy against PDAC. Methods We performed a literature search to identify studies focused on DC vaccine therapy and IRE ablation to boost therapeutic response against PDAC indexed in PubMed, Web of Science, and Scopus until February 20th, 2023. Key Content and Findings IRE ablation destructs tumor structure while preserving extracellular matrix and blood vessels facilitating local inflammation. The studies demonstrated IRE ablation reduces tumor fibrosis and promotes CTL tumor infiltration to PDAC tumors in addition to boosting immune response in rodent models. The administration of the DC vaccine following IRE ablation synergistically enhances therapeutic response and extends OS rates compared to the use of DC vaccination or IRE alone. Moreover, the implementation of data-driven approaches further allows dynamic and longitudinal monitoring of therapeutic response and OS following IRE plus DC vaccine immunoablation. Conclusions The combination of IRE ablation and DC vaccine immunotherapy is a potent strategy to enhance the therapeutic outcomes in patients with PDAC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zigeng Zhang
- Department of Radiological Sciences, University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA, USA
| | - Guangbo Yu
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA, USA
| | - Aydin Eresen
- Department of Radiological Sciences, University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA, USA
| | - Zhilin Chen
- Department of Human Biology and Business Administration, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Zeyang Yu
- Information School, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Vahid Yaghmai
- Department of Radiological Sciences, University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA, USA
- Chao Family Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA, USA
| | - Zhuoli Zhang
- Department of Radiological Sciences, University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA, USA
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA, USA
- Chao Family Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA, USA
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA, USA
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25
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Jia R, Meng D, Geng W. Advances in the anti-tumor mechanisms of saikosaponin D. Pharmacol Rep 2024; 76:780-792. [PMID: 38965200 DOI: 10.1007/s43440-024-00569-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2023] [Revised: 01/24/2024] [Accepted: 01/25/2024] [Indexed: 07/06/2024]
Abstract
Saikosaponin D, a saponin compound, is extracted from Bupleurum and is a principal active component of the plant. It boasts a variety of pharmacologic effects including anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, immunomodulatory, metabolic, and anti-tumor properties, drawing significant attention in anti-tumor research in recent years. Research indicates that saikosaponin D inhibits the proliferation of numerous tumor cells, curbing the progression of cancers such as liver, pancreatic, lung, glioma, ovarian, thyroid, stomach, and breast cancer. Its anti-tumor mechanisms largely involve inhibiting tumor cell proliferation, promoting tumor cell apoptosis, thwarting tumor-cell invasion, and modulating tumor cell autophagy. Moreover, saikosaponin D enhances the sensitivity to anti-tumor drugs and augments body immunity. Given its multi-faceted anti-tumor roles, saikosaponin D offers promising potential in anti-tumor therapy. This paper reviews recent studies on its anti-tumor effects, aiming to furnish new theoretical insights for clinical cancer treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruixue Jia
- School of Chinese Medicine, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, 250355, People's Republic of China
| | - Dandan Meng
- School of Chinese Medicine, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, 250355, People's Republic of China
| | - Wei Geng
- Shandong Provincial Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital Affiliated to Qingdao University, Jinan, 250014, China.
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26
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Zhao L, Kan Y, Wang L, Pan J, Li Y, Zhu H, Yang Z, Xiao L, Fu X, Peng F, Ren H. Roles of long non‑coding RNA SNHG16 in human digestive system cancer (Review). Oncol Rep 2024; 52:106. [PMID: 38940337 PMCID: PMC11234248 DOI: 10.3892/or.2024.8765] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2023] [Accepted: 04/26/2024] [Indexed: 06/29/2024] Open
Abstract
The incidence of tumors in the human digestive system is relatively high, including esophageal cancer, liver cancer, pancreatic cancer, gastric cancer and colorectal cancer. These malignancies arise from a complex interplay of environmental and genetic factors. Among them, long non‑coding RNAs (lncRNAs), which cannot be translated into proteins, serve an important role in the development, progression, migration and prognosis of tumors. Small nucleolar RNA host gene 16 (SNHG16) is a typical lncRNA, and its relationship with digestive system tumors has been widely explored. The prevailing hypothesis suggests that the principal molecular mechanism of SNHG16 in digestive system tumors involves it functioning as a competitive endogenous RNA that interacts with other proteins, regulates various genes and influences a downstream target molecule. The present review summarizes recent research on the relationship between SNHG16 and numerous types of digestive system cancer, encompassing its biological functions, underlying mechanisms and potential clinical implications. Furthermore, it outlines the association between SNHG16 expression and pertinent risk factors, such as smoking, infection and diet. The present review indicated the promise of SNHG16 as a potential biomarker and therapeutic target in human digestive system cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lujie Zhao
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Shandong Second Medical University, Weifang, Shandong 261053, P.R. China
| | - Yuling Kan
- Central Laboratory of Binzhou People's Hospital, Binzhou, Shandong 256600, P.R. China
| | - Lu Wang
- School of Clinical Medical Sciences, Shandong Second Medical University, Weifang, Shandong 261053, P.R. China
| | - Jiquan Pan
- School of Clinical Medical Sciences, Shandong Second Medical University, Weifang, Shandong 261053, P.R. China
| | - Yun Li
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Shandong Second Medical University, Weifang, Shandong 261053, P.R. China
| | - Haiyan Zhu
- Department of Medical Oncology, Weifang People's Hospital, Weifang, Shandong 261000, P.R. China
- Department of Medical Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shandong Second Medical University, Weifang, Shandong 261053, P.R. China
| | - Zhongfa Yang
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Shandong Second Medical University, Weifang, Shandong 261053, P.R. China
| | - Lin Xiao
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Shandong Second Medical University, Weifang, Shandong 261053, P.R. China
| | - Xinhua Fu
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Shandong Second Medical University, Weifang, Shandong 261053, P.R. China
| | - Fujun Peng
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Shandong Second Medical University, Weifang, Shandong 261053, P.R. China
- Weifang Key Laboratory of Collaborative Innovation of Intelligent Diagnosis and Treatment and Molecular Diseases, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Shandong Second Medical University, Weifang, Shandong 261053, P.R. China
| | - Haipeng Ren
- Department of Medical Oncology, Weifang People's Hospital, Weifang, Shandong 261000, P.R. China
- Department of Medical Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shandong Second Medical University, Weifang, Shandong 261053, P.R. China
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27
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Liu J, Yuan Q, Chen X, Yang Y, Xie T, Zhang Y, Qi B, Li S, Shang D. Prognostic and therapeutic value of the Eph/Ephrin signaling pathway in pancreatic cancer explored based on bioinformatics. Sci Rep 2024; 14:17650. [PMID: 39085301 PMCID: PMC11291735 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-68385-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2024] [Accepted: 07/23/2024] [Indexed: 08/02/2024] Open
Abstract
Pancreatic cancer (PC) is one of the most common malignant tumors of the digestive tract and has a very high mortality rate worldwide. Different PC patients may respond differently to therapy and develop therapeutic resistance due to the complexity and variety of the tumor microenvironment. The Eph/ephrin signaling pathway is extensively involved in tumor-related biological functions. However, the key function of the Eph/ephrin signaling pathway in PC has not been fully elucidated. We first explored a pan-cancer overview of Eph/ephrin signaling pathway genes (EPGs). Then we grouped the PC patients into 3 subgroups based on EPG expression levels. Significantly different prognoses and tumor immune microenvironments between different subtypes further validate Eph/ephrin's important role in the pathophysiology of PC. Additionally, we estimated the IC50 values for several commonly used molecularly targeted drugs used to treat PC in the three clusters, which could help patients receive a more personalized treatment plan. Following a progressive screening of optimal genes, we established a prognostic signature and validated it in internal and external test sets. The receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves of our model exhibited great predictive performance. Meanwhile, we further validated the results through qRT-PCR and immunohistochemistry. Overall, this research provides fresh clues on the prognosis and therapy of PC as well as the theoretical groundwork for future Eph/ephrin signaling pathway research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jifeng Liu
- Department of General Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning, China
- Laboratory of Integrative Medicine, First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning, China
| | - Qihang Yuan
- Department of General Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning, China
- Laboratory of Integrative Medicine, First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning, China
| | - Xu Chen
- Department of General Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning, China
- Laboratory of Integrative Medicine, First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning, China
| | - Yao Yang
- Department of General Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning, China
- Institute of Integrative Medicine, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning, China
| | - Tong Xie
- Department of General Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning, China
- Institute of Integrative Medicine, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning, China
| | - Yunshu Zhang
- Laboratory of Integrative Medicine, First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning, China
- Institute of Integrative Medicine, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning, China
| | - Bing Qi
- Department of General Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning, China.
- Laboratory of Integrative Medicine, First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning, China.
| | - Shuang Li
- Department of General Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning, China.
- Laboratory of Integrative Medicine, First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning, China.
| | - Dong Shang
- Department of General Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning, China.
- Laboratory of Integrative Medicine, First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning, China.
- Institute of Integrative Medicine, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning, China.
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28
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Qi C, Zhang P, Liu C, Zhang J, Zhou J, Yuan J, Liu D, Zhang M, Gong J, Wang X, Li J, Zhang X, Li N, Peng X, Liu Z, Yuan D, Baffa R, Wang Y, Shen L. Safety and Efficacy of CT041 in Patients With Refractory Metastatic Pancreatic Cancer: A Pooled Analysis of Two Early-Phase Trials. J Clin Oncol 2024; 42:2565-2577. [PMID: 38788174 DOI: 10.1200/jco.23.02314] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2023] [Revised: 01/13/2024] [Accepted: 03/26/2024] [Indexed: 05/26/2024] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE CT041 is a chimeric antigen receptor (CAR)-modified T-cell therapy that specifically targets claudin18.2 in solid tumors. Here, we report the pooled analysis results of two exploratory clinical trials to evaluate CT041 in patients with previously treated pancreatic cancer (PC). PATIENTS AND METHODS These two multicenter, open-label phase I/Ib trials (CT041-CG4006, CT041-ST-01) have a similar target population and evaluation schedule. The primary objective was to assess the safety and tolerability of CT041, whereas secondary objectives included efficacy, pharmacokinetics, and immunogenicity. RESULTS The combined cohort comprised 24 patients with advanced PC. Among them, five patients (20.8%) had previously received one line of therapy, whereas 19 (79.2%) received ≥2 lines of therapy. The most common treatment-emergent adverse events of grade 3 or more were preconditioning-related hematologic toxicities. Cytokine release syndrome (CRS) and GI disorders were most reported grade 1 or 2 adverse events. The overall response rate and disease control rate were 16.7% and 70.8%. The median progression-free survival (mPFS) after infusion was 3.3 months (95% CI, 1.8 to 6.2), and the median overall survival (mOS) was 10.0 months (95% CI, 5.5 to 17.6). The median duration of response (mDoR)was 9.5 months (95% CI, 2.6 to Not reached), with a DoR rate at 12 months of 50% (95% CI, 5.8 to 84.5). The mPFS (6.0 v 1.0 months, P < .001) and mOS (17.6 v 4.0 months, P < .001) were prolonged in patients achieving partial response/stable disease than the progressive disease group. CA19-9 levels had reduced by at least 30% in 17 (70.8%) patients. CONCLUSION In patients with metastatic PC after progression on previous therapy, CT041 demonstrated a tolerable safety profile and encouraging anticancer efficacy signals. Response benefit observed here needs to be ascertained in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Changsong Qi
- State Key Laboratory of Holistic Integrative Management of Gastrointestinal Cancers, Beijing Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research, Department of Early Drug Development Centre, Peking University Cancer Hospital & Institute, Beijing, China
| | - Panpan Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education/Beijing), Department of Early Drug Development Centre, Peking University Cancer Hospital & Institute, Beijing, China
| | - Chang Liu
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education/Beijing), Department of Early Drug Development Centre, Peking University Cancer Hospital & Institute, Beijing, China
| | - Jun Zhang
- Department of Oncology, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Jun Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education/Beijing), Department of Gastrointestinal Oncology, Peking University Cancer Hospital & Institute, Beijing, China
| | - Jiajia Yuan
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education/Beijing), Department of Gastrointestinal Oncology, Peking University Cancer Hospital & Institute, Beijing, China
| | - Dan Liu
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education/Beijing), Department of Early Drug Development Centre, Peking University Cancer Hospital & Institute, Beijing, China
| | - Miao Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education/Beijing), Department of Early Drug Development Centre, Peking University Cancer Hospital & Institute, Beijing, China
| | - Jifang Gong
- State Key Laboratory of Holistic Integrative Management of Gastrointestinal Cancers, Beijing Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research, Department of Gastrointestinal Oncology, Peking University Cancer Hospital & Institute, Beijing, China
| | - Xicheng Wang
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education/Beijing), Department of Gastrointestinal Oncology, Peking University Cancer Hospital & Institute, Beijing, China
| | - Jian Li
- State Key Laboratory of Holistic Integrative Management of Gastrointestinal Cancers, Beijing Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research, Department of Gastrointestinal Oncology, Peking University Cancer Hospital & Institute, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaotian Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Holistic Integrative Management of Gastrointestinal Cancers, Beijing Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research, Department of Gastrointestinal Oncology, Peking University Cancer Hospital & Institute, Beijing, China
| | - Ning Li
- Department of Medical Oncology, The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Zhengzhou University & Henan Cancer Hospital, Zhengzhou, China
| | | | - Zhen Liu
- CARsgen Therapeutics Co, Ltd, Shanghai, China
| | | | | | - Yumeng Wang
- CARsgen Therapeutics Co, Ltd, Shanghai, China
| | - Lin Shen
- State Key Laboratory of Holistic Integrative Management of Gastrointestinal Cancers, Beijing Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research, Department of Gastrointestinal Oncology, Peking University Cancer Hospital & Institute, Beijing, China
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Neibart SS, Moningi S, Jethwa KR. Stereotactic Body Radiation Therapy for Locally Advanced Pancreatic Cancer. Clin Exp Gastroenterol 2024; 17:213-225. [PMID: 39050120 PMCID: PMC11268661 DOI: 10.2147/ceg.s341189] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2023] [Accepted: 05/28/2024] [Indexed: 07/27/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction For patients with locally advanced pancreatic cancer (LAPC), who are candidates for radiation therapy, dose-escalated radiation therapy (RT) offers unique benefits over traditional radiation techniques. In this review, we present a historical perspective of dose-escalated RT for LAPC. We also outline advances in SBRT delivery, one form of dose escalation and a framework for selecting patients for treatment with SBRT. Results Techniques for delivering SBRT to patients with LAPC have evolved considerably, now allowing for dose-escalation and superior respiratory motion management. At the same time, advancements in systemic therapy, particularly the use of induction multiagent chemotherapy, have called into question which patients would benefit most from radiation therapy. Multidisciplinary assessment of patients with LAPC is critical to guide management and select patients for local therapy. Results from ongoing trials will establish if there is a role of dose-escalated SBRT after induction chemotherapy for carefully selected patients. Conclusion Patients with LAPC have more therapeutic options than ever before. Careful selection for SBRT may enhance patient outcomes, pending the maturation of pivotal clinical trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shane S Neibart
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Brigham and Women’s Hospital/Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Shalini Moningi
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Brigham and Women’s Hospital/Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Krishan R Jethwa
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
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Xie W, Liu W, Wang L, Zhu B, Zhao C, Liao Z, Li Y, Jiang X, Liu J, Ren C. Roles of THEM4 in the Akt pathway: a double-edged sword. J Zhejiang Univ Sci B 2024; 25:541-556. [PMID: 39011675 PMCID: PMC11254685 DOI: 10.1631/jzus.b2300457] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2023] [Accepted: 10/10/2023] [Indexed: 07/17/2024]
Abstract
The protein kinase B (Akt) pathway can regulate the growth, proliferation, and metabolism of tumor cells and stem cells through the activation of multiple downstream target genes, thus affecting the development and treatment of a range of diseases. Thioesterase superfamily member 4 (THEM4), a member of the thioesterase superfamily, is one of the Akt kinase-binding proteins. Some studies on the mechanism of cancers and other diseases have shown that THEM4 binds to Akt to regulate its phosphorylation. Initially, THEM4 was considered an endogenous inhibitor of Akt, which can inhibit the phosphorylation of Akt in diseases such as lung cancer, pancreatic cancer, and liver cancer, but subsequently, THEM4 was shown to promote the proliferation of tumor cells by positively regulating Akt activity in breast cancer and nasopharyngeal carcinoma, which contradicts previous findings. Considering these two distinct views, this review summarizes the important roles of THEM4 in the Akt pathway, focusing on THEM4 as an Akt-binding protein and its regulatory relationship with Akt phosphorylation in various diseases, especially cancer. This work provides a better understanding of the roles of THEM4 combined with Akt in the treatment of diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen Xie
- NHC Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis, Department of Neurosurgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008, China
- The Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion of the Ministry of Education, Cancer Research Institute, School of Basic Medical Science, Central South University, Changsha 410078, China
| | - Weidong Liu
- NHC Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis, Department of Neurosurgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008, China
- The Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion of the Ministry of Education, Cancer Research Institute, School of Basic Medical Science, Central South University, Changsha 410078, China
| | - Lei Wang
- NHC Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis, Department of Neurosurgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008, China
- The Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion of the Ministry of Education, Cancer Research Institute, School of Basic Medical Science, Central South University, Changsha 410078, China
| | - Bin Zhu
- NHC Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis, Department of Neurosurgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008, China
- The Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion of the Ministry of Education, Cancer Research Institute, School of Basic Medical Science, Central South University, Changsha 410078, China
| | - Cong Zhao
- NHC Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis, Department of Neurosurgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008, China
- The Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion of the Ministry of Education, Cancer Research Institute, School of Basic Medical Science, Central South University, Changsha 410078, China
| | - Ziling Liao
- NHC Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis, Department of Neurosurgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008, China
- The Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion of the Ministry of Education, Cancer Research Institute, School of Basic Medical Science, Central South University, Changsha 410078, China
| | - Yihan Li
- NHC Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis, Department of Neurosurgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008, China
- The Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion of the Ministry of Education, Cancer Research Institute, School of Basic Medical Science, Central South University, Changsha 410078, China
| | - Xingjun Jiang
- NHC Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis, Department of Neurosurgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008, China
| | - Jie Liu
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Hainan Hospital of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Hainan Province Clinical Medical Center, Sanya 572013, China. ,
| | - Caiping Ren
- NHC Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis, Department of Neurosurgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008, China.
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008, China.
- The Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion of the Ministry of Education, Cancer Research Institute, School of Basic Medical Science, Central South University, Changsha 410078, China.
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Wei Y, Qin Z, Liao X, Zhou X, Huang H, Lan C, Qin W, Zhu G, Su H, Peng T. Pancreatic cancer mortality trends attributable to high fasting blood sugar over the period 1990-2019 and projections up to 2040. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2024; 15:1302436. [PMID: 39036051 PMCID: PMC11257875 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2024.1302436] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2023] [Accepted: 06/13/2024] [Indexed: 07/23/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Pancreatic cancer (PC) is a prevalent malignancy within the digestive system, with diabetes recognized as one of its well-established risk factors. Methods Data on PC mortality attributed to high fasting blood sugar were retrieved from the Global Burden of Disease (GBD) study 2019 online database. To assess the temporal trends of PC burden attributable to high fasting plasma glucose (HFPG), estimated annual percentage changes (EAPCs) for age-standardized death rates (ASDRs) between 1990 and 2019 were determined using a generalized linear model. Furthermore, a Bayesian age-period-cohort (BAPC) model using the integrated nested Laplacian approximation algorithm was employed to project the disease burden over the next 20 years. Results Globally, the crude death number of PC attributable to HFPG almost tripled (from 13,065.7 in 1990 to 48,358.5 in 2019) from 1990 to 2019, and the ASDR increased from 0.36/100,000 to 0.61/100,000 with an EAPC of 2.04 (95% CI 1.91-2.16). The population aged ≥70 years accounted for nearly 60% of total deaths in 2019 and experienced a more significant increase, with the death number increasing approximately fourfold and the ASDR increasing annually by 2.65%. In regions with different sociodemographic indexes (SDIs), the highest disease burden was observed in the high-SDI region, whereas more pronounced increasing trends in ASDR were observed in the low to middle-SDI, low-SDI, and middle-SDI regions. Additionally, a significantly negative association was found between EAPCs and ASDRs of PC attributable to HFPG from 1990 to 2019. Moreover, the BAPC model predicts that ASDR and age-standardized disability-adjusted life-years (DALYs) rate for PC attributed to HFPG was projected to increase obviously for men and women from 2019 to 2040. Conclusions The burden of PC attributed to HFPG has increased globally over the past three decades, with the elderly population and high-SDI regions carrying a relatively greater disease burden, but more adverse trends observed in low-SDI areas. Furthermore, the burden is projected to continue increasing over the next 20 years. Hence, more tailored prevention methodologies should be established to mitigate this increasing trend.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongguang Wei
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Enhanced Recovery After Surgery for Gastrointestinal Cancer, Nanning, China
- Key Laboratory of High-Incidence-Tumor Prevention & Treatment (Guangxi Medical University), Ministry of Education, Nanning, China
| | - Zedong Qin
- Departments of Oncology, Xichang People’s Hospital, Xichang, China
| | - Xiwen Liao
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Enhanced Recovery After Surgery for Gastrointestinal Cancer, Nanning, China
- Key Laboratory of High-Incidence-Tumor Prevention & Treatment (Guangxi Medical University), Ministry of Education, Nanning, China
| | - Xin Zhou
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Enhanced Recovery After Surgery for Gastrointestinal Cancer, Nanning, China
- Key Laboratory of High-Incidence-Tumor Prevention & Treatment (Guangxi Medical University), Ministry of Education, Nanning, China
| | - Huasheng Huang
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Enhanced Recovery After Surgery for Gastrointestinal Cancer, Nanning, China
- Key Laboratory of High-Incidence-Tumor Prevention & Treatment (Guangxi Medical University), Ministry of Education, Nanning, China
| | - Chenlu Lan
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Enhanced Recovery After Surgery for Gastrointestinal Cancer, Nanning, China
- Key Laboratory of High-Incidence-Tumor Prevention & Treatment (Guangxi Medical University), Ministry of Education, Nanning, China
| | - Wei Qin
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Enhanced Recovery After Surgery for Gastrointestinal Cancer, Nanning, China
- Key Laboratory of High-Incidence-Tumor Prevention & Treatment (Guangxi Medical University), Ministry of Education, Nanning, China
| | - Guangzhi Zhu
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Enhanced Recovery After Surgery for Gastrointestinal Cancer, Nanning, China
- Key Laboratory of High-Incidence-Tumor Prevention & Treatment (Guangxi Medical University), Ministry of Education, Nanning, China
| | - Hao Su
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Enhanced Recovery After Surgery for Gastrointestinal Cancer, Nanning, China
- Key Laboratory of High-Incidence-Tumor Prevention & Treatment (Guangxi Medical University), Ministry of Education, Nanning, China
| | - Tao Peng
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Enhanced Recovery After Surgery for Gastrointestinal Cancer, Nanning, China
- Key Laboratory of High-Incidence-Tumor Prevention & Treatment (Guangxi Medical University), Ministry of Education, Nanning, China
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Lu W, Aihaiti A, Abudukeranmu P, Liu Y, Gao H. Arachidonic acid metabolism as a novel pathogenic factor in gastrointestinal cancers. Mol Cell Biochem 2024:10.1007/s11010-024-05057-2. [PMID: 38963615 DOI: 10.1007/s11010-024-05057-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2024] [Accepted: 06/25/2024] [Indexed: 07/05/2024]
Abstract
Gastrointestinal (GI) cancers are a major global health burden, representing 20% of all cancer diagnoses and 22.5% of global cancer-related deaths. Their aggressive nature and resistance to treatment pose a significant challenge, with late-stage survival rates below 15% at five years. Therefore, there is an urgent need to delve deeper into the mechanisms of gastrointestinal cancer progression and optimize treatment strategies. Increasing evidence highlights the active involvement of abnormal arachidonic acid (AA) metabolism in various cancers. AA is a fatty acid mainly metabolized into diverse bioactive compounds by three enzymes: cyclooxygenase, lipoxygenase, and cytochrome P450 enzymes. Abnormal AA metabolism and altered levels of its metabolites may play a pivotal role in the development of GI cancers. However, the underlying mechanisms remain unclear. This review highlights a unique perspective by focusing on the abnormal metabolism of AA and its involvement in GI cancers. We summarize the latest advancements in understanding AA metabolism in GI cancers, outlining changes in AA levels and their potential role in liver, colorectal, pancreatic, esophageal, gastric, and gallbladder cancers. Moreover, we also explore the potential of targeting abnormal AA metabolism for future therapies, considering the current need to explore AA metabolism in GI cancers and outlining promising avenues for further research. Ultimately, such investigations aim to improve treatment options for patients with GI cancers and pave the way for better cancer management in this area.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weiqin Lu
- General Surgery, Cancer Center, Department of Vascular Surgery, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital (Affiliated People's Hospital), Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | | | | | - Yajun Liu
- Aksu First People's Hospital, Xinjiang, China
| | - Huihui Gao
- Cancer Center, Department of Hospital Infection Management and Preventive Medicine, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital (Affiliated People's Hospital), Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China.
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Zhu DH, Su KK, Ou-Yang XX, Zhang YH, Yu XP, Li ZH, Ahmadi-Nishaboori SS, Li LJ. Mechanisms and clinical landscape of N6-methyladenosine (m6A) RNA modification in gastrointestinal tract cancers. Mol Cell Biochem 2024; 479:1553-1570. [PMID: 38856795 PMCID: PMC11254988 DOI: 10.1007/s11010-024-05040-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2024] [Accepted: 05/18/2024] [Indexed: 06/11/2024]
Abstract
Epigenetics encompasses reversible and heritable chemical modifications of non-nuclear DNA sequences, including DNA and RNA methylation, histone modifications, non-coding RNA modifications, and chromatin rearrangements. In addition to well-studied DNA and histone methylation, RNA methylation has emerged as a hot topic in biological sciences over the past decade. N6-methyladenosine (m6A) is the most common and abundant modification in eukaryotic mRNA, affecting all RNA stages, including transcription, translation, and degradation. Advances in high-throughput sequencing technologies made it feasible to identify the chemical basis and biological functions of m6A RNA. Dysregulation of m6A levels and associated modifying proteins can both inhibit and promote cancer, highlighting the importance of the tumor microenvironment in diverse biological processes. Gastrointestinal tract cancers, including gastric, colorectal, and pancreatic cancers, are among the most common and deadly malignancies in humans. Growing evidence suggests a close association between m6A levels and the progression of gastrointestinal tumors. Global m6A modification levels are substantially modified in gastrointestinal tumor tissues and cell lines compared to healthy tissues and cells, possibly influencing various biological behaviors such as tumor cell proliferation, invasion, metastasis, and drug resistance. Exploring the diagnostic and therapeutic potential of m6A-related proteins is critical from a clinical standpoint. Developing more specific and effective m6A modulators offers new options for treating these tumors and deeper insights into gastrointestinal tract cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dan-Hua Zhu
- State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Infectious Diseases, National Medical Center for Infectious Diseases, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310003, China
| | - Kun-Kai Su
- State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Infectious Diseases, National Medical Center for Infectious Diseases, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310003, China
| | - Xiao-Xi Ou-Yang
- State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Infectious Diseases, National Medical Center for Infectious Diseases, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310003, China
| | - Yan-Hong Zhang
- State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Infectious Diseases, National Medical Center for Infectious Diseases, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310003, China
| | - Xiao-Peng Yu
- State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Infectious Diseases, National Medical Center for Infectious Diseases, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310003, China
| | - Zu-Hong Li
- State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Infectious Diseases, National Medical Center for Infectious Diseases, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310003, China
| | | | - Lan-Juan Li
- State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Infectious Diseases, National Medical Center for Infectious Diseases, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310003, China.
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Lei C, Yu Y, Zhu Y, Li Y, Ma C, Ding L, Han L, Zhang H. The most recent progress of baicalein in its anti-neoplastic effects and mechanisms. Biomed Pharmacother 2024; 176:116862. [PMID: 38850656 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2024.116862] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2024] [Revised: 05/20/2024] [Accepted: 06/03/2024] [Indexed: 06/10/2024] Open
Abstract
Problems, such as toxic side effects and drug resistance of chemoradiotherapy, target therapy and immunotherapy accompanying the current anti-cancer treatments, have become bottlenecks limiting the clinical benefit for patients. Therefore, it is urgent to find promising anti-cancer strategies with higher efficacy and lesser side effects. Baicalein, a flavonoid component derived from the Chinese medicine scutellaria baicalensis, has been widely studied for its remarkable anti-cancer activity in multiple types of malignancies both at the molecular and cellular levels. Baicalein exerts its anti-tumor effects by inhibiting angiogenesis, invasion and migration, inducing cell apoptosis and cell cycle arrest, as well as regulating cell autophagy, metabolism, the tumor microenvironment and cancer stem cells with no obvious toxic side effects. The role of classic signaling pathways, such as PI3K/AKT/mTOR, MAPK, AMPK, Wnt/β-catenin, JAK/STAT3, MMP-2/-9, have been highlighted as the major targets for baicalein exerting its anti-malignant potential. Besides, baicalein can regulate the relevant non-coding RNAs, such as lncRNAs, miRNAs and circ-RNAs, to inhibit tumorigenesis and progression. In addition to the mentioned commonalities, baicalein shows some specific anti-tumor characteristics in some specific cancer types. Moreover, the preclinical studies of the combination of baicalein and chemoradiotherapy pave the way ahead for developing baicalein as an adjunct treatment with chemoradiotherapy. Our aim is to summary the role of baicalein in different types of cancer with its mechanisms based on in vitro and in vivo experiments, hoping providing proof for baicalein serving as an effective and safe compound for cancer treatment in clinic in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chenjing Lei
- The Second Clinical Medical College of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, PR China
| | - Yaya Yu
- The Second Clinical Medical College of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, PR China.
| | - Yanjuan Zhu
- The Second Clinical Medical College of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, PR China; Department of Oncology, Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, PR China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Clinical Research on Traditional Chinese Medicine Syndrome, Guangzhou, PR China; Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macau Joint Lab on Chinese Medicine and Immune Disease Research, Guangzhou, PR China
| | - Yanan Li
- The Second Clinical Medical College of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, PR China
| | - Changju Ma
- The Second Clinical Medical College of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, PR China; Department of Oncology, Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, PR China
| | - Lina Ding
- The Second Clinical Medical College of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, PR China
| | - Ling Han
- The Second Clinical Medical College of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, PR China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Clinical Research on Traditional Chinese Medicine Syndrome, Guangzhou, PR China.
| | - Haibo Zhang
- The Second Clinical Medical College of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, PR China; Department of Oncology, Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, PR China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Clinical Research on Traditional Chinese Medicine Syndrome, Guangzhou, PR China; Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macau Joint Lab on Chinese Medicine and Immune Disease Research, Guangzhou, PR China; State Key Laboratory of Dampness Syndrome of Chinese Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, PR China.
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Zhong BH, Ma YT, Sun J, Tang JT, Dong M. Transcription factor FOXF2 promotes the development and progression of pancreatic cancer by targeting MSI2. Oncol Rep 2024; 52:93. [PMID: 38847273 PMCID: PMC11177171 DOI: 10.3892/or.2024.8752] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2024] [Accepted: 05/10/2024] [Indexed: 06/16/2024] Open
Abstract
Pancreatic cancer (PC) is a malignant tumor possessing high mortality. The role of transcription factor Forkhead Box F2 (FOXF2) in PC remains unverified. The current study investigated the roles of FOXF2 in developing PC in vitro and in vivo. A xenograft tumor model was constructed with nude mice injected using FOXF2‑overexpressing PC cells or FOXF2‑silenced PC cells. High FOXF2 expression significantly enhanced the proliferation ability of PC cells in vitro and pancreatic tumor growth in vivo. The cell cycle analysis indicated that transition of G1‑S phase was promoted by FOXF2. The cell cycle‑associated proteins cyclin D1, CDK2, phosphorylated (p)‑CDK2 and p‑RB were upregulated in the FOXF2‑overexpressing cells and downregulated in the cells with FOXF2 knockdown. Flow cytometric analysis and Hoechst staining showed that the percentage of apoptotic cells was significantly increased after FOXF2 was silenced. FOXF2 knockdown promoted expression of pro‑apoptotic proteins (Bad, Bax and cleaved caspase‑3) while suppressing the anti‑apoptotic proteins (Bcl‑2 and Bcl‑xl) at the protein level. FOXF2 improved the migration and invasion of PC cells in vitro. Moreover, luciferase and chromatin immunoprecipitation assays revealed that FOXF2 binds to the MSI2 promoter, promoting its transcriptional expression. FOXF2 knockdown inhibited the MSI2 protein translation while enhancing the translation of NUMB protein, suppressing PC development in vivo. MSI2 silencing reversed the promotive effect mediated by FOXF2 on cell proliferation. These results demonstrated that FOXF2 is essential in PC progression, and the potential mechanism includes regulating MSI2 transcription.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bang-Hua Zhong
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110001, P.R. China
| | - Yu-Teng Ma
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110001, P.R. China
| | - Jian Sun
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110001, P.R. China
| | - Jing-Tong Tang
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110001, P.R. China
| | - Ming Dong
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110001, P.R. China
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Matsumoto K, Fujimori N, Ichihara K, Takeno A, Murakami M, Ohno A, Kakehashi S, Teramatsu K, Ueda K, Nakata K, Sugahara O, Yamamoto T, Matsumoto A, Nakayama KI, Oda Y, Nakamura M, Ogawa Y. Patient-derived organoids of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma for subtype determination and clinical outcome prediction. J Gastroenterol 2024; 59:629-640. [PMID: 38684511 PMCID: PMC11217054 DOI: 10.1007/s00535-024-02103-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2023] [Accepted: 03/31/2024] [Indexed: 05/02/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Recently, two molecular subtypes of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) have been proposed: the "Classical" and "Basal-like" subtypes, with the former showing better clinical outcomes than the latter. However, the "molecular" classification has not been applied in real-world clinical practice. This study aimed to establish patient-derived organoids (PDOs) for PDAC and evaluate their application in subtype classification and clinical outcome prediction. METHODS We utilized tumor samples acquired through endoscopic ultrasound-guided fine-needle biopsy and established a PDO library for subsequent use in morphological assessments, RNA-seq analyses, and in vitro drug response assays. We also conducted a prospective clinical study to evaluate whether analysis using PDOs can predict treatment response and prognosis. RESULTS PDOs of PDAC were established at a high efficiency (> 70%) with at least 100,000 live cells. Morphologically, PDOs were classified as gland-like structures (GL type) and densely proliferating inside (DP type) less than 2 weeks after tissue sampling. RNA-seq analysis revealed that the "morphological" subtype (GL vs. DP) corresponded to the "molecular" subtype ("Classical" vs. "Basal-like"). The "morphological" classification predicted the clinical treatment response and prognosis; the median overall survival of patients with GL type was significantly longer than that with DP type (P < 0.005). The GL type showed a better response to gemcitabine than the DP type in vitro, whereas the drug response of the DP type was improved by the combination of ERK inhibitor and chloroquine. CONCLUSIONS PDAC PDOs help in subtype determination and clinical outcome prediction, thereby facilitating the bench-to-bedside precision medicine for PDAC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kazuhide Matsumoto
- Department of Medicine and Bioregulatory Science, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, 3-1-1 Maidashi, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka, 812-8582, Japan
| | - Nao Fujimori
- Department of Medicine and Bioregulatory Science, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, 3-1-1 Maidashi, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka, 812-8582, Japan.
| | - Kazuya Ichihara
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Medical Institute of Bioregulation, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Ayumu Takeno
- Department of Medicine and Bioregulatory Science, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, 3-1-1 Maidashi, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka, 812-8582, Japan
| | - Masatoshi Murakami
- Department of Medicine and Bioregulatory Science, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, 3-1-1 Maidashi, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka, 812-8582, Japan
| | - Akihisa Ohno
- Department of Medicine and Bioregulatory Science, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, 3-1-1 Maidashi, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka, 812-8582, Japan
| | - Shotaro Kakehashi
- Department of Medicine and Bioregulatory Science, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, 3-1-1 Maidashi, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka, 812-8582, Japan
| | - Katsuhito Teramatsu
- Department of Medicine and Bioregulatory Science, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, 3-1-1 Maidashi, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka, 812-8582, Japan
| | - Keijiro Ueda
- Department of Medicine and Bioregulatory Science, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, 3-1-1 Maidashi, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka, 812-8582, Japan
| | - Kohei Nakata
- Department of Surgery and Oncology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Osamu Sugahara
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Medical Institute of Bioregulation, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Takeo Yamamoto
- Department of Anatomic Pathology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Akinobu Matsumoto
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Medical Institute of Bioregulation, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Keiichi I Nakayama
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Medical Institute of Bioregulation, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Yoshinao Oda
- Department of Anatomic Pathology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Masafumi Nakamura
- Department of Surgery and Oncology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Yoshihiro Ogawa
- Department of Medicine and Bioregulatory Science, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, 3-1-1 Maidashi, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka, 812-8582, Japan.
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Yamada D, Kobayashi S, Takahashi H, Iwagami Y, Akita H, Asukai K, Shimizu J, Yamada T, Tanemura M, Yokoyama S, Tsujie M, Asaoka T, Takeda Y, Morimoto O, Tomokuni A, Doki Y, Eguchi H. Results of a Randomized Clinical Study of Gemcitabine Plus Nab-Paclitaxel Versus Gemcitabine Plus S-1 as Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy for Resectable and Borderline Resectable Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma (RCT, CSGO-HBP-015). Ann Surg Oncol 2024; 31:4621-4633. [PMID: 38546797 PMCID: PMC11164807 DOI: 10.1245/s10434-024-15199-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2023] [Accepted: 03/05/2024] [Indexed: 06/13/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The optimal neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC) regimen for patients with localized pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) remains uncertain. This trial aimed to evaluate the efficacy and safety of two neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC) regimens, gemcitabine plus nab-paclitaxel (GA) and gemcitabine plus S-1 (GS), in patients with resectable/borderline-resectable (R/BR) PDAC. PATIENTS AND METHODS Treatment-naïve patients with R/BR-PDAC were enrolled and randomly allocated. They received two cycles (2 months) of each standard protocol, followed by radical surgery for those without tumor progression in general hospitals belonging to our intergroup. The primary endpoint was to determine the superior regimen on the basis of achieving a 10% increase in the rate of patients with progression-free survival (PFS) at 2 years from allocation. RESULTS A total of 100 patients were enrolled, with 94 patients randomly assigned to the GS arm (N = 46) or GA arm (N = 48). The 2-year PFS rates did not show the stipulated difference [GA, 31% (24-38%)/GS, 26% (18-33%)], but the Kaplan-Myer analysis showed significance (median PFS, GA/GS 14 months/9 months, P = 0.048; HR 0.71). Secondary endpoint comparisons yielded the following results (GA/GS arm, P-value): rates of severe adverse events during NAC, 73%/78%, P = 0.55; completion rates of the stipulated NAC, 92%/83%, P = 0.71; resection rates, 85%/72%, P = 0.10; average tumor marker (CA19-9) reduction rates, -50%/-21%, P = 0.01; average numbers of lymph node metastasis, 1.7/3.2, P = 0.04; and median overall survival times, 42/22 months, P = 0.26. CONCLUSIONS This study found that GA and GS are viable neoadjuvant treatment regimens in R/BR-PDAC. Although the GA group exhibited a favorable PFS outcome, the primary endpoint was not achieved.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daisaku Yamada
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Suita, Japan
| | - Shogo Kobayashi
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Suita, Japan.
| | - Hidenori Takahashi
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Suita, Japan
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Osaka International Cancer Institute, Osaka, Japan
| | - Yoshifumi Iwagami
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Suita, Japan
| | - Hirofumi Akita
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Osaka International Cancer Institute, Osaka, Japan
| | - Kei Asukai
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Osaka International Cancer Institute, Osaka, Japan
| | - Junzo Shimizu
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Toyonaka Municipal Hospital, Toyonaka, Japan
| | - Terumasa Yamada
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Higashiosaka City Medical Center, Higashiosaka, Japan
| | - Masahiro Tanemura
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Rinku General Medical Center, Izumisano, Japan
| | - Shigekazu Yokoyama
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Hyogo Prefectural Nishinomiya Hospital, Nishinomiya, Japan
| | - Masanori Tsujie
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Osaka Rosai Hospital, Sakai, Japan
| | - Tadafumi Asaoka
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Osaka Police Hospital, Osaka, Japan
| | - Yutaka Takeda
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Kansai Rosai Hospital, Amagasaki, Japan
| | - Osakuni Morimoto
- Department of Surgery, Japan Community Health Care Organization Osaka Hospital, Osaka, Japan
| | - Akira Tomokuni
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Osaka General Medical Center, Osaka, Japan
| | - Yuichiro Doki
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Suita, Japan
| | - Hidetoshi Eguchi
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Suita, Japan
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38
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Li Y, Du Y, Li R, Zhong W, Zou X, Li L, Xu L, Wu L, Che X. Spatial transcriptomics in pancreatic cancer: Advances, prospects and challenges. Crit Rev Oncol Hematol 2024; 203:104430. [PMID: 38942220 DOI: 10.1016/j.critrevonc.2024.104430] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2024] [Revised: 06/20/2024] [Accepted: 06/24/2024] [Indexed: 06/30/2024] Open
Abstract
Pancreatic cancer remains one of the deadliest malignancies with an overall 5-year survival rate of 13 %. This dismal fact can be partly attributed to currently limited understanding of tumor heterogeneity and immune microenvironment. Traditional bulk-sequencing techniques overlook the diversity of tumor cells, while single-cell sequencing disorganizes the position localizing of cells in tumor microenvironment. The advent of spatial transcriptomics (ST) presents a novel solution by integrating location and whole transcript expression information. This technology allows for detailed observation of spatio-temporal changes across various cell subtypes within the pancreatic tumor microenvironment, providing insights into their potential functions. This review offers an overview of recent studies implementing ST in pancreatic cancer research, highlighting its instrumental role in investigating the heterogeneity and functions of tumor cells, stromal cells, and immune cells. On the basis, we also prospected and summarized the clinical application scenarios, technical limitations and challenges of ST technology in pancreatic cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunlong Li
- Department of Pancreatic and Gastric Surgery, National Cancer Center, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100021, China
| | - Yongxing Du
- Department of Pancreatic and Gastric Surgery, National Cancer Center, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100021, China
| | - Rui Li
- BGI, Shenzhen 518083, China; BGI Research, Shenzhen 518083, China; Institute of Intelligent Medical Research (IIMR), BGI Genomics, Shenzhen 518083, China
| | - Wenhui Zhong
- Department of Pancreatic and Gastric Surgery, National Cancer Center, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100021, China
| | - Xuanxuan Zou
- BGI, Shenzhen 518083, China; BGI Research, Chongqing 401329, China; BGI Research, Shenzhen 518083, China
| | - Liji Li
- College of Life Sciences, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Lin Xu
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital and Shenzhen Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Shenzhen 518172, China
| | - Liang Wu
- BGI, Shenzhen 518083, China; BGI Research, Chongqing 401329, China; BGI Research, Shenzhen 518083, China.
| | - Xu Che
- Department of Pancreatic and Gastric Surgery, National Cancer Center, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100021, China; Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital and Shenzhen Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Shenzhen 518172, China.
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39
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Quero G, De Sio D, Fiorillo C, Lucinato C, Panza E, Biffoni B, Langellotti L, Laterza V, Scaglione G, Taglioni F, Massimiani G, Menghi R, Rosa F, Mezza T, Alfieri S, Tondolo V. Resection Margin Status and Long-Term Outcomes after Pancreaticoduodenectomy for Ductal Adenocarcinoma: A Tertiary Referral Center Analysis. Cancers (Basel) 2024; 16:2347. [PMID: 39001409 PMCID: PMC11240367 DOI: 10.3390/cancers16132347] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2024] [Revised: 06/14/2024] [Accepted: 06/24/2024] [Indexed: 07/16/2024] Open
Abstract
The influencing role of resection margin (R) status on long-term outcomes, namely overall (OS) and disease-free survival (DFS), after pancreaticoduodenectomy (PD) for pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is not still clear. The aim of this study is to evaluate the prognostic impact of R status after PD and to define tumor characteristics associated with a positive resection margin (R1). All PDs for PDAC performed between 2012 and 2023 were retrospectively enrolled. The effect of R status, patient clinico-demographic features, and tumor features on OS and DFS were assessed. One-hundred and sixty-seven patients who underwent PD for PDAC were included in the study. R0 was achieved in 105 cases (62.8%), while R1 was evidenced in 62 patients (37.1%). R1 was associated with a decreased OS (23 (13-38) months) as compared to R0 (36 (21-53) months) (p = 0.003). Similarly, DFS was shorter in R1 patients (10 (6-25) months) as compared to the R0 cohort (18 (9-70) months) (p = 0.004), with a consequent higher recurrence rate in cases of R1 (74.2% vs. 64.8% in the R0 group; p = 0.04). In the multivariate analysis, R1 and positive lymph nodes (N+) were the only independent influencing factors for OS (OR: 1.6; 95% CI: 1-2.5; p = 0.03 and OR: 1.7; 95% CI: 1-2.8; p = 0.04) and DFS (OR: 1.5; 95% CI: 1-2.1; p = 0.04 and OR: 1.8; 95% CI: 1.1-2.7; p = 0.009). Among 111 patients with N+ disease, R1 was associated with a significantly decreased DFS (10 (8-11) months) as compared to R0N+ patients (16 (11-21) months) (p = 0.05). In conclusion, the achievement of a negative resection margin is associated with survival benefits, particularly in cases of N1 disease. In addition, R0 was recognized as an independent prognostic feature for both OS and DFS. This further outlines the relevant role of radical surgery on long-term outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giuseppe Quero
- Pancreatic Surgery Unit, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario “Agostino Gemelli” IRCCS, 00168 Rome, Italy; (G.Q.); (C.F.); (C.L.); (E.P.); (B.B.); (L.L.); (V.L.); (F.T.); (G.M.); (R.M.); (F.R.); (S.A.)
- Gemelli Pancreatic Center, CRMPG (Advanced Pancreatic Research Center), Fondazione Policlinico Universitario “Agostino Gemelli” IRCCS, 00168 Rome, Italy;
- Dipartimento di Scienze Mediche e Chirurgiche, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore di Roma, 00168 Rome, Italy;
| | - Davide De Sio
- Pancreatic Surgery Unit, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario “Agostino Gemelli” IRCCS, 00168 Rome, Italy; (G.Q.); (C.F.); (C.L.); (E.P.); (B.B.); (L.L.); (V.L.); (F.T.); (G.M.); (R.M.); (F.R.); (S.A.)
| | - Claudio Fiorillo
- Pancreatic Surgery Unit, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario “Agostino Gemelli” IRCCS, 00168 Rome, Italy; (G.Q.); (C.F.); (C.L.); (E.P.); (B.B.); (L.L.); (V.L.); (F.T.); (G.M.); (R.M.); (F.R.); (S.A.)
| | - Chiara Lucinato
- Pancreatic Surgery Unit, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario “Agostino Gemelli” IRCCS, 00168 Rome, Italy; (G.Q.); (C.F.); (C.L.); (E.P.); (B.B.); (L.L.); (V.L.); (F.T.); (G.M.); (R.M.); (F.R.); (S.A.)
| | - Edoardo Panza
- Pancreatic Surgery Unit, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario “Agostino Gemelli” IRCCS, 00168 Rome, Italy; (G.Q.); (C.F.); (C.L.); (E.P.); (B.B.); (L.L.); (V.L.); (F.T.); (G.M.); (R.M.); (F.R.); (S.A.)
| | - Beatrice Biffoni
- Pancreatic Surgery Unit, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario “Agostino Gemelli” IRCCS, 00168 Rome, Italy; (G.Q.); (C.F.); (C.L.); (E.P.); (B.B.); (L.L.); (V.L.); (F.T.); (G.M.); (R.M.); (F.R.); (S.A.)
| | - Lodovica Langellotti
- Pancreatic Surgery Unit, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario “Agostino Gemelli” IRCCS, 00168 Rome, Italy; (G.Q.); (C.F.); (C.L.); (E.P.); (B.B.); (L.L.); (V.L.); (F.T.); (G.M.); (R.M.); (F.R.); (S.A.)
| | - Vito Laterza
- Pancreatic Surgery Unit, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario “Agostino Gemelli” IRCCS, 00168 Rome, Italy; (G.Q.); (C.F.); (C.L.); (E.P.); (B.B.); (L.L.); (V.L.); (F.T.); (G.M.); (R.M.); (F.R.); (S.A.)
| | - Giulia Scaglione
- Unità Operativa Complessa Anatomia Patologica Generale, Dipartimento di Scienze della Salute della Donna, del Bambino e di Sanità Pubblica, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario “Agostino Gemelli” IRCCS, 00168 Rome, Italy;
| | - Flavia Taglioni
- Pancreatic Surgery Unit, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario “Agostino Gemelli” IRCCS, 00168 Rome, Italy; (G.Q.); (C.F.); (C.L.); (E.P.); (B.B.); (L.L.); (V.L.); (F.T.); (G.M.); (R.M.); (F.R.); (S.A.)
| | - Giuseppe Massimiani
- Pancreatic Surgery Unit, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario “Agostino Gemelli” IRCCS, 00168 Rome, Italy; (G.Q.); (C.F.); (C.L.); (E.P.); (B.B.); (L.L.); (V.L.); (F.T.); (G.M.); (R.M.); (F.R.); (S.A.)
| | - Roberta Menghi
- Pancreatic Surgery Unit, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario “Agostino Gemelli” IRCCS, 00168 Rome, Italy; (G.Q.); (C.F.); (C.L.); (E.P.); (B.B.); (L.L.); (V.L.); (F.T.); (G.M.); (R.M.); (F.R.); (S.A.)
| | - Fausto Rosa
- Pancreatic Surgery Unit, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario “Agostino Gemelli” IRCCS, 00168 Rome, Italy; (G.Q.); (C.F.); (C.L.); (E.P.); (B.B.); (L.L.); (V.L.); (F.T.); (G.M.); (R.M.); (F.R.); (S.A.)
- Dipartimento di Scienze Mediche e Chirurgiche, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore di Roma, 00168 Rome, Italy;
| | - Teresa Mezza
- Gemelli Pancreatic Center, CRMPG (Advanced Pancreatic Research Center), Fondazione Policlinico Universitario “Agostino Gemelli” IRCCS, 00168 Rome, Italy;
- Dipartimento di Scienze Mediche e Chirurgiche, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore di Roma, 00168 Rome, Italy;
| | - Sergio Alfieri
- Pancreatic Surgery Unit, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario “Agostino Gemelli” IRCCS, 00168 Rome, Italy; (G.Q.); (C.F.); (C.L.); (E.P.); (B.B.); (L.L.); (V.L.); (F.T.); (G.M.); (R.M.); (F.R.); (S.A.)
- Gemelli Pancreatic Center, CRMPG (Advanced Pancreatic Research Center), Fondazione Policlinico Universitario “Agostino Gemelli” IRCCS, 00168 Rome, Italy;
- Dipartimento di Scienze Mediche e Chirurgiche, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore di Roma, 00168 Rome, Italy;
| | - Vincenzo Tondolo
- Dipartimento di Scienze Mediche e Chirurgiche, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore di Roma, 00168 Rome, Italy;
- General Surgery Unit, Fatebenefratelli Isola Tiberina—Gemelli Isola, 00186 Rome, Italy
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40
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Shahrokhi Nejad S, Razi S, Rezaei N. The role of AMPK in pancreatic cancer: from carcinogenesis to treatment. Clin Transl Oncol 2024:10.1007/s12094-024-03572-8. [PMID: 38926257 DOI: 10.1007/s12094-024-03572-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2024] [Accepted: 06/15/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024]
Abstract
Pancreatic cancer has doubled over the previous two decades. Routine therapies are becoming incredibly resistant and failing to compensate for the burden caused by this aggressive neoplasm. As genetic susceptibility has always been a highlighted concern for this disease, identifying the molecular pathways involved in the survival and function of pancreatic cancer cells provides insight into its variant etiologies, one of which is the role of AMPK. This regulating factor of cell metabolism is crucial in the homeostasis and growth of the cell. Herein, we review the possible role of AMPK in pancreatic cancer while considering its leading effects on glycolysis and autophagy. Then, we assess the probable therapeutic agents that have resulted from the suggested pathways. Studying the underlying genetic changes in pancreatic cancer provides a chance to detect and treat patients suffering from advanced stages of the disease, and those who have given up their hope on conventional therapies can gain an opportunity to combat this cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shahrzad Shahrokhi Nejad
- Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Cancer Immunology Project (CIP), Universal Scientific Education and Research Network (USERN), Tehran, Iran
| | - Sepideh Razi
- Cancer Immunology Project (CIP), Universal Scientific Education and Research Network (USERN), Tehran, Iran
- Research Center for Immunodeficiencies, Children's Medical Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Dr Qarib St, Keshavarz Blvd, 14194, Tehran, Iran
| | - Nima Rezaei
- Research Center for Immunodeficiencies, Children's Medical Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Dr Qarib St, Keshavarz Blvd, 14194, Tehran, Iran.
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
- Cancer Immunology Project (CIP), Universal Scientific Education and Research Network (USERN), Stockholm, Sweden.
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41
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Marinova M, Khouri DA, Küppers J, Ramig O, Strunk HM, Breuers J, Fazaal J, Fuhrmann C, Coenen M, Möhring C, Zhou T, Zhou X, Anhalt T, Sadeghlar F, Thudium M, Conrad R, Feldmann G, Brossart P, Glowka TR, Kalff JC, Essler M, Strassburg CP, Ko YD, Schmidt-Wolf IGH, Gonzalez-Carmona M. Study Protocol of a Randomized, Two-Arm, Phase I/II Trial Investigating the Feasibility, Safety, and Efficacy of Local Treatment with US-Guided High-Intensity Focused Ultrasound in Combination with Palliative Chemotherapy in Inoperable Pancreatic Cancer. J Clin Med 2024; 13:3717. [PMID: 38999283 PMCID: PMC11242276 DOI: 10.3390/jcm13133717] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2024] [Revised: 06/12/2024] [Accepted: 06/14/2024] [Indexed: 07/14/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Pancreatic adenocarcinoma (PaC) still has a dismal prognosis, and despite medical advances, a bleak 5-year survival rate of only 8%, largely due to late diagnosis and limited curative surgical options for most patients. Frontline palliative treatment shows some survival advantages. However, the high disease mortality is accompanied by high morbidity including cancer-related pain and additional symptoms, which strongly impair patients' quality of life (QOL). At present, there is no established strategy for local therapy for PaC primarily aiming to manage local tumor growth and alleviate associated symptoms, particularly pain. In recent years, non-invasive high-intensity focused ultrasound (HIFU) has shown promising results in reducing cancer pain and tumor mass, improving patients' QOL with few side effects. STUDY DESIGN This is the first randomized controlled trial worldwide including 40 patients with inoperable pancreatic adenocarcinoma randomized into two groups: group A undergoing standard chemotherapy; and group B undergoing standard chemotherapy plus local HIFU treatment. This study aims to establish a robust evidence base by examining the feasibility, safety, and efficacy of US-guided HIFU in combination with standard palliative systemic therapy for unresectable PaC. Primary endpoint assessments will focus on parameters including safety issues (phase I), and local response rates (phase II).
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Affiliation(s)
- Milka Marinova
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, University Hospital Bonn, 53127 Bonn, Germany
| | - David-Alexis Khouri
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, University Hospital Bonn, 53127 Bonn, Germany
| | - Jim Küppers
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, University Hospital Bonn, 53127 Bonn, Germany
| | - Olga Ramig
- Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, University Hospital Bonn, 53127 Bonn, Germany
| | | | - Johannes Breuers
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, University Hospital Bonn, 53127 Bonn, Germany
| | - Julia Fazaal
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, University Hospital Bonn, 53127 Bonn, Germany
| | - Christine Fuhrmann
- D Clinical Study Core Unit Bonn, Institute of Clinical Chemistry and Clinical Pharmacology, University Hospital Bonn, 53127 Bonn, Germany
| | - Martin Coenen
- D Clinical Study Core Unit Bonn, Institute of Clinical Chemistry and Clinical Pharmacology, University Hospital Bonn, 53127 Bonn, Germany
| | - Christian Möhring
- Department of Internal Medicine I, University Hospital Bonn, 53127 Bonn, Germany
| | - Taotao Zhou
- Department of Internal Medicine I, University Hospital Bonn, 53127 Bonn, Germany
| | - Xin Zhou
- Department of Internal Medicine I, University Hospital Bonn, 53127 Bonn, Germany
| | - Thomas Anhalt
- Department of Internal Medicine I, University Hospital Bonn, 53127 Bonn, Germany
| | - Farsaneh Sadeghlar
- Department of Internal Medicine I, University Hospital Bonn, 53127 Bonn, Germany
| | - Marcus Thudium
- Department of Anesthesiology, University Hospital Bonn, 53127 Bonn, Germany
| | - Rupert Conrad
- Department of Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, University Hospital Muenster, 48149 Muenster, Germany
| | - Georg Feldmann
- Department of Internal Medicine III, University Hospital Bonn, 53127 Bonn, Germany
| | - Peter Brossart
- Department of Internal Medicine III, University Hospital Bonn, 53127 Bonn, Germany
| | - Tim R. Glowka
- Department of Surgery, University Hospital Bonn, 53127 Bonn, Germany
| | - Jörg C. Kalff
- Department of Surgery, University Hospital Bonn, 53127 Bonn, Germany
| | - Markus Essler
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, University Hospital Bonn, 53127 Bonn, Germany
| | | | - Yon-Dschun Ko
- Oncological Center, Johanniter Hospital, 53113 Bonn, Germany
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Luan YZ, Wang CC, Yu CY, Chang YC, Sung WW, Tsai MC. The Therapeutic Role of NPS-1034 in Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma as Monotherapy and in Combination with Chemotherapy. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:6919. [PMID: 39000029 PMCID: PMC11241054 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25136919] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2024] [Revised: 06/15/2024] [Accepted: 06/20/2024] [Indexed: 07/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) poses a significant challenge in terms of diagnosis and treatment, with limited therapeutic options and a poor prognosis. This study explored the potential therapeutic role of NPS-1034, a kinase inhibitor targeting MET and AXL, in PDAC. The investigation included monotherapy with NPS-1034 and its combination with the commonly prescribed chemotherapy agents, fluorouracil and oxaliplatin. Our study revealed that NPS-1034 induces cell death and reduces the viability and clonogenicity of PDAC cells in a dose-dependent manner. Furthermore, NPS-1034 inhibits the migration of PDAC cells by suppressing MET/PI3K/AKT axis-induced epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT). The combination of NPS-1034 with fluorouracil or oxaliplatin demonstrated a synergistic effect, significantly reducing cell viability and inducing tumor cell apoptosis compared to monotherapies. Mechanistic insights provided by next-generation sequencing indicated that NPS-1034 modulates immune responses by inducing type I interferon and tumor necrosis factor production in PDAC cells. This suggests a broader role for NPS-1034 beyond MET and AXL inhibition, positioning it as a potential immunity modulator. Overall, these findings highlight the anticancer potential of NPS-1034 in PDAC treatment in vitro, both as a monotherapy and in combination with traditional chemotherapy, offering a promising avenue for further in vivo investigation before clinical exploration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Ze Luan
- School of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung 40201, Taiwan; (Y.-Z.L.); (C.-C.W.); (C.-Y.Y.); (Y.-C.C.)
| | - Chi-Chih Wang
- School of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung 40201, Taiwan; (Y.-Z.L.); (C.-C.W.); (C.-Y.Y.); (Y.-C.C.)
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung 40201, Taiwan
- Institute of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung 40201, Taiwan
| | - Chia-Ying Yu
- School of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung 40201, Taiwan; (Y.-Z.L.); (C.-C.W.); (C.-Y.Y.); (Y.-C.C.)
- Department of Urology, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung 40201, Taiwan
| | - Ya-Chuan Chang
- School of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung 40201, Taiwan; (Y.-Z.L.); (C.-C.W.); (C.-Y.Y.); (Y.-C.C.)
- Department of Urology, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung 40201, Taiwan
| | - Wen-Wei Sung
- School of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung 40201, Taiwan; (Y.-Z.L.); (C.-C.W.); (C.-Y.Y.); (Y.-C.C.)
- Institute of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung 40201, Taiwan
- Department of Urology, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung 40201, Taiwan
| | - Ming-Chang Tsai
- School of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung 40201, Taiwan; (Y.-Z.L.); (C.-C.W.); (C.-Y.Y.); (Y.-C.C.)
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung 40201, Taiwan
- Institute of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung 40201, Taiwan
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Onishi H, Tsuboyama T, Nakamoto A, Ota T, Fukui H, Tatsumi M, Honda T, Kiso K, Matsumoto S, Kaketaka K, Enchi Y, Kawabata S, Nakasone S, Tomiyama N. Photon-counting CT: technical features and clinical impact on abdominal imaging. Abdom Radiol (NY) 2024:10.1007/s00261-024-04414-5. [PMID: 38888738 DOI: 10.1007/s00261-024-04414-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2024] [Revised: 05/25/2024] [Accepted: 05/27/2024] [Indexed: 06/20/2024]
Abstract
Photon-counting CT has a completely different detector mechanism than conventional energy-integrating CT. In the photon-counting detector, X-rays are directly converted into electrons and received as electrical signals. Photon-counting CT provides virtual monochromatic images with a high contrast-to-noise ratio for abdominal CT imaging and may improve the ability to visualize small or low-contrast lesions. In addition, photon-counting CT may offer the possibility of reducing radiation dose. This review provides an overview of the actual clinical operation of photon-counting CT and its diagnostic utility in abdominal imaging. We also describe the clinical implications of photon-counting CT including imaging of hepatocellular carcinoma, liver metastases, hepatic steatosis, pancreatic cancer, intraductal mucinous neoplasm of the pancreas, and thrombus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiromitsu Onishi
- Department of Radiology, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Japan.
- Department of Medical Physics and Engineering, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Japan.
| | - Takahiro Tsuboyama
- Department of Radiology, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Japan
| | - Atsushi Nakamoto
- Department of Radiology, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Japan
| | - Takashi Ota
- Department of Radiology, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Japan
| | - Hideyuki Fukui
- Department of Radiology, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Japan
| | - Mitsuaki Tatsumi
- Department of Radiology, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Japan
| | - Toru Honda
- Department of Radiology, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Japan
| | - Kengo Kiso
- Department of Radiology, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Japan
| | - Shohei Matsumoto
- Department of Radiology, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Japan
| | - Koki Kaketaka
- Department of Radiology, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Japan
| | - Yukihiro Enchi
- Division of Radiology, Department of Medical Technology, Osaka University Hospital, Suita, Japan
| | - Shuichi Kawabata
- Division of Radiology, Department of Medical Technology, Osaka University Hospital, Suita, Japan
| | - Shinya Nakasone
- Division of Radiology, Department of Medical Technology, Osaka University Hospital, Suita, Japan
| | - Noriyuki Tomiyama
- Department of Radiology, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Japan
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Zhang H, Winter P, Wartmann T, Simioni L, Al-Madhi S, Perrakis A, Croner RS, Shi W, Yu Q, Kahlert UD. Unlocking Clinical Insights: Lymphocyte-Specific Protein Tyrosine Kinase Candidates as Promising Therapeutic Targets for Pancreatic Cancer Risk Stratification. Cancer Biother Radiopharm 2024. [PMID: 38837745 DOI: 10.1089/cbr.2024.0056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2024] Open
Abstract
Background: Uncover the pivotal link between lymphocyte-specific protein tyrosine kinase (Lck)-related genes and clinical risk stratification in pancreatic cancer. Methods: This study identifies shared genes between differentially expressed genes (DEGs) and Lck-related genes in pancreatic cancer using a methodological framework rooted in The Cancer Genome Atlas database. Feature gene selection is accomplished and a signature model is constructed. Statistical significant clinical endpoints such as overall survival (OS), disease-specific survival (DSS), and progression-free interval (PFI) were defined. Results: After performing random survival forest, Lasso regression, and multivariate Cox regression model, 7 trait genes out of 272 Lck-associated DEGs are selected to create a signature model that is independent of other clinical factors and can predict OS and DSS. It appears that high-risk patients have activated the TP53 signaling pathway and the cell cycle signaling pathway. LAMA3 turned out to be the hub gene of the signature with high expression in pancreatic cancer. Patients with increased expression of LAMA3 had a short OS, DSS, and PFI in comparison. The candidate competing endogenous RNA network of LAMA3 turned out to be OPI5-AS1/hsa-miR-186-5p/LAMA3 axis. Conclusions: A characteristic signature of seven Lck-related genes, especially LAMA3, has been shown to be a key factor in clinical risk stratification for pancreatic cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huan Zhang
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wannan Medical College, Wuhu City, China
| | - Paul Winter
- Molecular and Experimental Surgery, University Clinic for General-, Visceral-, Vascular- and Trans-Plantation Surgery, Medical Faculty University Hospital Magdeburg, Otto-von Guericke University, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Thomas Wartmann
- Molecular and Experimental Surgery, University Clinic for General-, Visceral-, Vascular- and Trans-Plantation Surgery, Medical Faculty University Hospital Magdeburg, Otto-von Guericke University, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Luca Simioni
- Institute for molecular and clinical immunology, Medical Faculty University Hospital Magdeburg, Otto-von Guericke University, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Sara Al-Madhi
- Molecular and Experimental Surgery, University Clinic for General-, Visceral-, Vascular- and Trans-Plantation Surgery, Medical Faculty University Hospital Magdeburg, Otto-von Guericke University, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Aris Perrakis
- Molecular and Experimental Surgery, University Clinic for General-, Visceral-, Vascular- and Trans-Plantation Surgery, Medical Faculty University Hospital Magdeburg, Otto-von Guericke University, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Roland S Croner
- Molecular and Experimental Surgery, University Clinic for General-, Visceral-, Vascular- and Trans-Plantation Surgery, Medical Faculty University Hospital Magdeburg, Otto-von Guericke University, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Wenjie Shi
- Molecular and Experimental Surgery, University Clinic for General-, Visceral-, Vascular- and Trans-Plantation Surgery, Medical Faculty University Hospital Magdeburg, Otto-von Guericke University, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Quan Yu
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, Jinshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Ulf D Kahlert
- Molecular and Experimental Surgery, University Clinic for General-, Visceral-, Vascular- and Trans-Plantation Surgery, Medical Faculty University Hospital Magdeburg, Otto-von Guericke University, Magdeburg, Germany
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Xing Y, Jing X, Qing G, Jiang Y. Correlation of laminin subunit alpha 3 expression in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma with tumor liver metastasis and survival. Radiol Oncol 2024; 58:234-242. [PMID: 38452390 PMCID: PMC11165973 DOI: 10.2478/raon-2024-0020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2023] [Accepted: 01/14/2024] [Indexed: 03/09/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The high mortality rate of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is primarily attributed to metastasis. Laminin subunit alpha 3 (LAMA3) is known to modulate tumor progression. However, the influence of LAMA3 on liver metastasis in PDAC remains unclear. This study aimed to elucidate whether LAMA3 expression is increased in PDAC with liver metastasis. PATIENTS AND METHODS We extracted information related to LAMA3 expression levels and associated clinicopathological parameters from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) and four Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) datasets. Clinicopathological analysis was performed; the Kaplan-Meier Plotter was used to evaluate LAMA3's prognostic effect in PDAC. We retrospectively collected clinicopathological data and tissue specimens from 117 surgically treated patients with PDAC at the Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University. We assessed LAMA3 expression and investigated its correlation with the clinicopathological traits, clinical outcomes, and hepatic metastasis. RESULTS Amplified expression of LAMA3 was observed in PDAC tissue compared with normal tissue in the TCGA and GEO databases. High LAMA3 expression was associated with poor overall survival (OS) and relapse-free survival (RFS) in patients with PDAC. LAMA3 expression was significantly enhanced in PDAC tissues than in adjacent tissues. Tumor tissues from patients with PDAC exhibiting liver metastasis showed higher LAMA3 expression than those without liver metastasis. High LAMA3 expression correlated with large tumor size and TNM stage. LAMA3 expression and liver metastasis were independent predictive factors for OS; the former was independently associated with liver metastasis. CONCLUSIONS LAMA3 expression is elevated in patients with PDAC with liver metastasis and is a predictor of prognosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yueyi Xing
- Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong Province, China
| | - Xue Jing
- Gastroenterology Department, the Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong Province, China
| | - Gong Qing
- Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong Province, China
| | - Yueping Jiang
- Gastroenterology Department, the Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong Province, China
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Bhat AA, Gupta G, Dahiya R, Thapa R, Gahtori A, Shahwan M, Jakhmola V, Tiwari A, Kumar M, Dureja H, Singh SK, Dua K, Kumarasamy V, Subramaniyan V. CircRNAs: Pivotal modulators of TGF-β signalling in cancer pathogenesis. Noncoding RNA Res 2024; 9:277-287. [PMID: 38505309 PMCID: PMC10945146 DOI: 10.1016/j.ncrna.2024.01.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2023] [Revised: 01/19/2024] [Accepted: 01/20/2024] [Indexed: 03/21/2024] Open
Abstract
The intricate molecular landscape of cancer pathogenesis continues to captivate researchers worldwide, with Circular RNAs (circRNAs) emerging as pivotal players in the dynamic regulation of biological functions. The study investigates the elusive link between circRNAs and the Transforming Growth Factor-β (TGF-β) signalling pathway, exploring their collective influence on cancer progression and metastasis. Our comprehensive investigation begins by profiling circRNA expression patterns in diverse cancer types, revealing a repertoire of circRNAs intricately linked to the TGF-β pathway. Through integrated bioinformatics analyses and functional experiments, we elucidate the specific circRNA-mRNA interactions that modulate TGF-β signalling, unveiling the regulatory controls governing this crucial pathway. Furthermore, we provide compelling evidence of the impact of circRNA-mediated TGF-β modulation on key cellular processes, including epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT), migration, and cell proliferation. In addition to their mechanistic roles, circRNAs have shown promise as diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers, as well as potential molecular targets for cancer therapy. Their ability to modulate critical pathways, such as the TGF-β signalling axis, underscores their significance in cancer biology and clinical applications. The intricate interplay between circRNAs and TGF-β is dissected, uncovering novel regulatory circuits that contribute to the complexity of cancer biology. This review unravels a previously unexplored dimension of carcinogenesis, emphasizing the crucial role of circRNAs in shaping the TGF-β signalling landscape.
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Affiliation(s)
- Asif Ahmad Bhat
- School of Pharmacy, Suresh Gyan Vihar University, Jagatpura, Mahal Road, Jaipur, India
| | - Gaurav Gupta
- School of Pharmacy, Suresh Gyan Vihar University, Jagatpura, Mahal Road, Jaipur, India
- School of Pharmacy, Graphic Era Hill University, Dehradun, 248007, India
- Centre of Medical and Bio-allied Health Sciences Research, Ajman University, Ajman, Ajman, 346, United Arab Emirates
| | - Rajiv Dahiya
- School of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medical Sciences, The University of the West Indies, St. Augustine, Trinidad & Tobago
| | - Riya Thapa
- School of Pharmacy, Suresh Gyan Vihar University, Jagatpura, Mahal Road, Jaipur, India
| | - Archana Gahtori
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shri Guru Ram Rai University, Dehradun, 248001, Uttarakhand, India
| | - Moyad Shahwan
- Centre of Medical and Bio-allied Health Sciences Research, Ajman University, Ajman, Ajman, 346, United Arab Emirates
- Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, Ajman University, Ajman, 346, United Arab Emirates
| | - Vikas Jakhmola
- Uttaranchal Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Uttaranchal University, Dehradun, 248007, India
| | - Abhishek Tiwari
- Pharmacy Academy, IFTM University, Lodhipur-Rajput, Moradabad, (U.P.), 244102, India
| | - Mahish Kumar
- Department of Pharmaceutics, ISF College of Pharmacy, Moga, Punjab, India
| | - Harish Dureja
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Maharshi Dayanand University, Rohtak, Haryana, 124001, India
| | - Sachin Kumar Singh
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara, 144411, India
- Faculty of Health, Australian Research Centre in Complementary and Integrative Medicine, University of Technology, Sydney, Ultimo, NSW, 2007, Australia
| | - Kamal Dua
- Faculty of Health, Australian Research Centre in Complementary and Integrative Medicine, University of Technology, Sydney, Ultimo, NSW, 2007, Australia
- Discipline of Pharmacy, Graduate School of Health, University of Technology, Sydney, Ultimo, NSW, 2007, Australia
| | - Vinoth Kumarasamy
- Department of Parasitology and Medical Entomology, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Jalan Yaacob Latif, 56000, Cheras, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Vetriselvan Subramaniyan
- Pharmacology Unit, Jeffrey Cheah School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Monash University, Jalan Lagoon Selatan, Bandar Sunway, 47500, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia
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Park Y, Han YB, Kim J, Kang M, Lee B, Ahn ES, Han S, Kim H, Na HY, Han HS, Yoon YS. Microscopic tumor mapping of post-neoadjuvant therapy pancreatic cancer specimens to predict post-surgical recurrence: A prospective cohort study. Pancreatology 2024; 24:562-571. [PMID: 38556428 DOI: 10.1016/j.pan.2024.03.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2023] [Revised: 03/01/2024] [Accepted: 03/23/2024] [Indexed: 04/02/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Although various pathological grading systems are available for evaluating the response of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) to neoadjuvant therapy (NAT), their prognostic value has not been thoroughly validated. This study examined whether microscopic tumor mapping of post-NAT specimens could predict tumor recurrence. METHODS This prospective study enrolled 52 patients who underwent pancreaticoduodenectomy after NAT for PDAC between 2019 and 2021. Microscopic mapping was performed to identify residual tumor loci within the tumor bed using 4 mm2 pixels. Patients were divided into small extent (SE; n = 26) and large extent (LE; n = 26) groups using a cutoff value of 226 mm2. The diagnostic performance for predicting tumor recurrence was evaluated using receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves. RESULTS Carbohydrate antigen 19-9 levels were normalised after NAT in more patients in the SE group (SE 21 [80.8%] vs. LE 13 [50.0%]; P = 0.041). Tumor size (P < 0.001), T stage (P < 0.001), positive lymph node yield (P = 0.024), and perineural invasion rate (P = 0.018) were significantly greater in the LE group. The 3-year disease-free survival rate was significantly lower in the LE group (SE 83.3% vs. LE 50.0%, P = 0.004). The area under the ROC curve for mapping extent was 0.743, which was greater than that of the other tumor response scoring systems. CONCLUSIONS Microscopic tumor mapping of the residual tumor in post-NAT specimens is a significant predictor of post-surgical recurrence, and offers better prognostic performance than the current grading systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yeshong Park
- Department of Surgery, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Republic of Korea
| | - Yeon Bi Han
- Department of Pathology, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Republic of Korea
| | - Jinju Kim
- Department of Surgery, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Republic of Korea
| | - MeeYoung Kang
- Department of Surgery, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Republic of Korea
| | - Boram Lee
- Department of Surgery, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Republic of Korea
| | - Eun Sung Ahn
- Department of Pathology, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Republic of Korea
| | - Saemi Han
- Department of Pathology, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Republic of Korea
| | - Haeryoung Kim
- Department of Pathology, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Republic of Korea
| | - Hee-Young Na
- Department of Pathology, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Republic of Korea
| | - Ho-Seong Han
- Department of Surgery, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Republic of Korea
| | - Yoo-Seok Yoon
- Department of Surgery, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Republic of Korea.
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Zhu C, Wang C, Wang X, Dong S, Xu Q, Zheng J. PABPC1 silencing inhibits pancreatic cancer cell proliferation and EMT, and induces apoptosis via PI3K/AKT pathway. Cytotechnology 2024; 76:351-361. [PMID: 38736728 PMCID: PMC11082123 DOI: 10.1007/s10616-024-00626-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2023] [Accepted: 03/11/2024] [Indexed: 05/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Pancreatic cancer is difficult to manage owing to the challenges involved in its treatment and nursing. This study aimed to clarify the roles and mechanisms of action of Poly (A)-binding protein cytoplasmic 1 (PABPC1) on pancreatic cancer. The expression of PABPC1 in pancreatic cancer tissues and cell lines was detected using RT-qPCR and western blotting. The effects of PABPC1 on proliferation, apoptosis, epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT), and the PI3K/AKT signaling pathway in pancreatic cancer cells were further investigated using MTT assays, flow cytometry, and western blotting. The expression of PABPC1 was significantly upregulated in pancreatic cancer tissues and cells, whereas PABPC1 downregulation inhibited pancreatic cancer cell proliferation, induced apoptosis, decreased the expression of EMT-associated proteins, and exerted a regulatory effect by inhibiting the PI3K/AKT signaling pathway. In addition, the findings indicated that PABPC1 over-expression significantly promoted pancreatic cancer cell proliferation, inhibited apoptosis, decreased the expression of E-cadherin, enhanced N-cadherin expression, and activating the PI3K/AKT signaling pathway. PABPC1 silencing significantly inhibited proliferation and EMT and induced apoptosis in pancreatic cancer cells. These findings provide novel insights into the role of PABPC1 in the development of pancreatic cancer. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s10616-024-00626-1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Changren Zhu
- Pathology Department, Northern Jiangsu People’s Hospital of Jiangsu Province, Yangzhou, 225001 China
| | - Cuimei Wang
- Pathology Department, Northern Jiangsu People’s Hospital of Jiangsu Province, Yangzhou, 225001 China
| | - Xiaodong Wang
- Department of Biliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Northern Jiangsu People’s Hospital of Jiangsu Province, Yangzhou, 225001 China
| | - Shuangshuang Dong
- Pathology Department, Northern Jiangsu People’s Hospital of Jiangsu Province, Yangzhou, 225001 China
| | - Qing Xu
- Pathology Department, Northern Jiangsu People’s Hospital of Jiangsu Province, Yangzhou, 225001 China
| | - Jun Zheng
- Daytime Surgical Ward, Northern Jiangsu People’s Hospital of Jiangsu Province, No. 98 Nantong West Road, Yangzhou, 225001 China
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Hong L, Xu K, Yang M, Zhu L, Chen C, Xu L, Zhu W, Jin L, Wang L, Lin J, Wang J, Ren W, Wu A. VISTA antibody-loaded Fe 3O 4@TiO 2 nanoparticles for sonodynamic therapy-synergistic immune checkpoint therapy of pancreatic cancer. Mater Today Bio 2024; 26:101106. [PMID: 38883421 PMCID: PMC11176928 DOI: 10.1016/j.mtbio.2024.101106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2024] [Revised: 05/24/2024] [Accepted: 05/27/2024] [Indexed: 06/18/2024] Open
Abstract
Breaking the poor permeability of immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) caused by the stromal barrier and reversing the immunosuppressive microenvironment are significant challenges in pancreatic cancer immunotherapy. In this study, we synthesized core-shell Fe3O4@TiO2 nanoparticles to act as carriers for loading VISTA monoclonal antibodies to form Fe3O4@TiO2@VISTAmAb (FTV). The nanoparticles are designed to target the overexpressed ICIs VISTA in pancreatic cancer, aiming to improve magnetic resonance imaging-guided sonodynamic therapy (SDT)-facilitated immunotherapy. Laser confocal microscopy and flow cytometry results demonstrate that FTV nanoparticles are specifically recognized and phagocytosed by Panc-2 cells. In vivo experiments reveal that ultrasound-triggered TiO2 SDT can induce tumor immunogenic cell death (ICD) and recruit T-cell infiltration within the tumor microenvironment by releasing damage-associated molecular patterns (DAMPs). Furthermore, ultrasound loosens the dense fibrous stroma surrounding the pancreatic tumor and increases vascular density, facilitating immune therapeutic efficiency. In summary, our study demonstrates that FTV nanoparticles hold great promise for synergistic SDT and immunotherapy in pancreatic cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lu Hong
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Ningbo University, Ningbo, 315010, PR China
- Ningbo Key Laboratory of Biomedical Imaging Probe Materials and Technology, Zhejiang International Cooperation Base of Biomedical Materials Technology and Application, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS) Key Laboratory of Magnetic Materials and Devices, Ningbo Cixi Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Zhejiang Engineering Research Center for Biomedical Materials, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo, 315201, PR China
| | - Kaiwei Xu
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Ningbo University, Ningbo, 315010, PR China
- Health Science Center, Ningbo University, Ningbo, 315210, PR China
| | - Ming Yang
- Ningbo Key Laboratory of Biomedical Imaging Probe Materials and Technology, Zhejiang International Cooperation Base of Biomedical Materials Technology and Application, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS) Key Laboratory of Magnetic Materials and Devices, Ningbo Cixi Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Zhejiang Engineering Research Center for Biomedical Materials, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo, 315201, PR China
| | - Lubing Zhu
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Ningbo University, Ningbo, 315010, PR China
- Health Science Center, Ningbo University, Ningbo, 315210, PR China
| | - Chunqu Chen
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Ningbo University, Ningbo, 315010, PR China
- Health Science Center, Ningbo University, Ningbo, 315210, PR China
| | - Liu Xu
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Ningbo University, Ningbo, 315010, PR China
| | - Weihao Zhu
- Ningbo Key Laboratory of Biomedical Imaging Probe Materials and Technology, Zhejiang International Cooperation Base of Biomedical Materials Technology and Application, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS) Key Laboratory of Magnetic Materials and Devices, Ningbo Cixi Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Zhejiang Engineering Research Center for Biomedical Materials, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo, 315201, PR China
| | - Lufei Jin
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Ningbo University, Ningbo, 315010, PR China
| | - Linwei Wang
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Ningbo University, Ningbo, 315010, PR China
- Health Science Center, Ningbo University, Ningbo, 315210, PR China
| | - Jie Lin
- Ningbo Key Laboratory of Biomedical Imaging Probe Materials and Technology, Zhejiang International Cooperation Base of Biomedical Materials Technology and Application, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS) Key Laboratory of Magnetic Materials and Devices, Ningbo Cixi Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Zhejiang Engineering Research Center for Biomedical Materials, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo, 315201, PR China
- Advanced Energy Science and Technology Guangdong Laboratory, Huizhou, 516000, PR China
| | - Jianhua Wang
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Ningbo University, Ningbo, 315010, PR China
- Health Science Center, Ningbo University, Ningbo, 315210, PR China
| | - Wenzhi Ren
- Ningbo Key Laboratory of Biomedical Imaging Probe Materials and Technology, Zhejiang International Cooperation Base of Biomedical Materials Technology and Application, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS) Key Laboratory of Magnetic Materials and Devices, Ningbo Cixi Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Zhejiang Engineering Research Center for Biomedical Materials, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo, 315201, PR China
- Advanced Energy Science and Technology Guangdong Laboratory, Huizhou, 516000, PR China
| | - Aiguo Wu
- Ningbo Key Laboratory of Biomedical Imaging Probe Materials and Technology, Zhejiang International Cooperation Base of Biomedical Materials Technology and Application, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS) Key Laboratory of Magnetic Materials and Devices, Ningbo Cixi Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Zhejiang Engineering Research Center for Biomedical Materials, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo, 315201, PR China
- Advanced Energy Science and Technology Guangdong Laboratory, Huizhou, 516000, PR China
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Evans D, Ghassemi N, Hajibandeh S, Hajibandeh S, Romman S, Laing RW, Durkin D, Athwal TS. Meta-analysis of adjuvant chemotherapy versus no adjuvant chemotherapy for resected stage I pancreatic cancer. Surgery 2024; 175:1470-1479. [PMID: 38160086 DOI: 10.1016/j.surg.2023.11.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2023] [Revised: 10/06/2023] [Accepted: 11/19/2023] [Indexed: 01/03/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND To evaluate comparative outcomes of pancreatic cancer resection with or without adjuvant chemotherapy in patients with stage I pancreatic cancer. METHODS A systematic search of MEDLINE, CENTRAL, and Web of Science and bibliographic reference lists were conducted. All comparative studies reporting outcomes of pancreatic cancer resection for stage I cancer with or without adjuvant chemotherapy were included, and their risk of bias was assessed using the Risk Of Bias In Non-randomized Studies-of Interventions tool. Survival outcomes were analyzed using the hazard ratio and odds ratio for the time-to-event and dichotomous outcomes, respectively. RESULTS We included 6 comparative studies reporting a total of 6,874 patients with resected stage 1 pancreatic cancer, of whom 3,951 patients had no adjuvant chemotherapy, and the remaining 2,923 patients received adjuvant chemotherapy. The use of adjuvant chemotherapy was associated with significantly higher overall survival (hazard ratio 0.71, 95% confidence interval 0.62-0.82, P < .00001) and 2-year survival (65.1% vs 57.4%, odds ratio 1.99; 95% confidence interval 1.01-1.41, P = .04) compared to no use of adjuvant chemotherapy. However, there was no statistically significant difference in 1-year (86.8% vs 78.4%, odds ratio 1.60; 95% confidence interval 0.72-3.57, P = .25), 3-year (46.0% vs 44.0%, odds ratio 1.07; 95% confidence interval 0.90-1.29, P = .43), or 5-year survival (24.8% vs 23.3%, odds ratio 1.03; 95% confidence interval 0.80-1.33, P = .81) between the 2 groups. CONCLUSION Meta-analysis of best available evidence (level 2a with low to moderate certainty) demonstrates that adjuvant chemotherapy may confer survival benefits for stage I pancreatic cancer when compared to the use of surgery alone. Randomized control trials are required to escalate the level of evidence and confirm these findings with consideration of contemporary chemotherapy agents and regimens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daisy Evans
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Royal Stoke University Hospital, University Hospitals of North Midlands NHS Trust, Stoke-on-Trent, United Kingdom
| | - Nader Ghassemi
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Royal Stoke University Hospital, University Hospitals of North Midlands NHS Trust, Stoke-on-Trent, United Kingdom
| | - Shahab Hajibandeh
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, University Hospital of Wales, Cardiff, United Kingdom
| | - Shahin Hajibandeh
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Royal Stoke University Hospital, University Hospitals of North Midlands NHS Trust, Stoke-on-Trent, United Kingdom.
| | - Saleh Romman
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Royal Stoke University Hospital, University Hospitals of North Midlands NHS Trust, Stoke-on-Trent, United Kingdom
| | - Richard W Laing
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Royal Stoke University Hospital, University Hospitals of North Midlands NHS Trust, Stoke-on-Trent, United Kingdom
| | - Damien Durkin
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Royal Stoke University Hospital, University Hospitals of North Midlands NHS Trust, Stoke-on-Trent, United Kingdom
| | - Tejinderjit S Athwal
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Royal Stoke University Hospital, University Hospitals of North Midlands NHS Trust, Stoke-on-Trent, United Kingdom
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