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Vrints C, Andreotti F, Koskinas KC, Rossello X, Adamo M, Ainslie J, Banning AP, Budaj A, Buechel RR, Chiariello GA, Chieffo A, Christodorescu RM, Deaton C, Doenst T, Jones HW, Kunadian V, Mehilli J, Milojevic M, Piek JJ, Pugliese F, Rubboli A, Semb AG, Senior R, Ten Berg JM, Van Belle E, Van Craenenbroeck EM, Vidal-Perez R, Winther S. 2024 ESC Guidelines for the management of chronic coronary syndromes. Eur Heart J 2024; 45:3415-3537. [PMID: 39210710 DOI: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehae177] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/04/2024] Open
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Lan K, Gao H, Gong H. A retrospective study of the safety and efficacy of clopidogrel versus aspirin monotherapy one year after coronary stent implantation. BMC Pharmacol Toxicol 2024; 25:67. [PMID: 39334336 PMCID: PMC11428914 DOI: 10.1186/s40360-024-00796-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2024] [Accepted: 09/20/2024] [Indexed: 09/30/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The ideal single antiplatelet therapy for long-term maintenance after coronary stenting remains uncertain. In a head-to-head comparison, we aimed to evaluate the efficacy and safety profile of aspirin and clopidogrel as monotherapies in this patient cohort. METHOD We reviewed 1044 patients who underwent percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) with drug-eluting stents (DES) at the Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Jinshan Hospital of Fudan University, between January 2019 and December 2021 and completed a 12-month Dual Antiplatelet Therapy (DAPT) treatment. They were divided into two groups: 582 were assigned to the aspirin group (100 mg/day) and 422 to the clopidogrel group (75 mg/day). The primary endpoint was the composite cardiac death, ischemic stroke, myocardial infarction, and Bleeding Academic Research Consortium (BARC) bleeding type 3 or greater. Secondary endpoint events included all-cause death, ischemic stroke, myocardial infarction, bleeding (defined as a BARC type ≥ 2 bleeding), and gastrointestinal complications. RESULTS After a mean observation period of 25 ± 8.4 months, the primary endpoint event occurred in 29 (6.8%) patients in the clopidogrel group and 30 (5.1%) in the aspirin group, with no difference between the two groups (P = 0.253). In BARC type 2 or greater bleeding events, there were 9 (1.5%) in the aspirin group compared to 7 (1.7%) in the clopidogrel group, with no difference between the two groups (P = 0.160). CONCLUSION After 12-month DAPT in Chinese patients undergoing DES implantation, aspirin monotherapy versus clopidogrel monotherapy showed no significant difference between the two drugs in terms of safety and efficacy in terms of hemorrhage, myocardial infarction, ischemic stroke, cardiac death, and bleeding with BARC type 2 or greater.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kai Lan
- Department of Cardiology, Jinshan Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai, 201500, China
| | - Hailan Gao
- Department of Cardiology, Jinshan Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai, 201500, China
| | - Hui Gong
- Department of Cardiology, Jinshan Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai, 201500, China.
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Battini V, Cocco M, Barbieri MA, Powell G, Carnovale C, Clementi E, Bate A, Sessa M. Timing Matters: A Machine Learning Method for the Prioritization of Drug-Drug Interactions Through Signal Detection in the FDA Adverse Event Reporting System and Their Relationship with Time of Co-exposure. Drug Saf 2024; 47:895-907. [PMID: 38687463 PMCID: PMC11324675 DOI: 10.1007/s40264-024-01430-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/03/2024] [Indexed: 05/02/2024]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Current drug-drug interaction (DDI) detection methods often miss the aspect of temporal plausibility, leading to false-positive disproportionality signals in spontaneous reporting system (SRS) databases. OBJECTIVE This study aims to develop a method for detecting and prioritizing temporally plausible disproportionality signals of DDIs in SRS databases by incorporating co-exposure time in disproportionality analysis. METHODS The method was tested in the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) Adverse Event Reporting System (FAERS). The CRESCENDDI dataset of positive controls served as the primary source of true-positive DDIs. Disproportionality analysis was performed considering the time of co-exposure. Temporal plausibility was assessed using the flex point of cumulative reporting of disproportionality signals. Potential confounders were identified using a machine learning method (i.e. Lasso regression). RESULTS Disproportionality analysis was conducted on 122 triplets with more than three cases, resulting in the prioritization of 61 disproportionality signals (50.0%) involving 13 adverse events, with 61.5% of these included in the European Medicine Agency's (EMA's) Important Medical Event (IME) list. A total of 27 signals (44.3%) had at least ten cases reporting the triplet of interest, and most of them (n = 19; 70.4%) were temporally plausible. The retrieved confounders were mainly other concomitant drugs. CONCLUSIONS Our method was able to prioritize disproportionality signals with temporal plausibility. This finding suggests a potential for our method in pinpointing signals that are more likely to be furtherly validated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vera Battini
- Department of Drug Design and Pharmacology, University of Copenhagen, Jagtvej 160, 2100, Copenhagen, Denmark.
- Pharmacovigilance and Clinical Research, International Centre for Pesticides and Health Risk Prevention, Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences (DIBIC), ASST Fatebenefratelli, Sacco University Hospital, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy.
| | - Marianna Cocco
- Department of Drug Design and Pharmacology, University of Copenhagen, Jagtvej 160, 2100, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Maria Antonietta Barbieri
- Department of Drug Design and Pharmacology, University of Copenhagen, Jagtvej 160, 2100, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Messina, Messina, Italy
| | - Greg Powell
- Safety Innovation and Analytics, GSK, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Carla Carnovale
- Pharmacovigilance and Clinical Research, International Centre for Pesticides and Health Risk Prevention, Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences (DIBIC), ASST Fatebenefratelli, Sacco University Hospital, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - Emilio Clementi
- Pharmacovigilance and Clinical Research, International Centre for Pesticides and Health Risk Prevention, Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences (DIBIC), ASST Fatebenefratelli, Sacco University Hospital, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy
- Scientific Institute, IRCCS E. Medea, Bosisio Parini, LC, Italy
| | - Andrew Bate
- GSK, London, UK
- London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, University of London, London, UK
| | - Maurizio Sessa
- Department of Drug Design and Pharmacology, University of Copenhagen, Jagtvej 160, 2100, Copenhagen, Denmark
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Di Gioia G, Sangineto M, Paglia A, Cornacchia MG, Parente F, Serviddio G, Romano AD, Villani R. Limits of pre-endoscopic scoring systems in geriatric patients with upper gastrointestinal bleeding. Sci Rep 2024; 14:20225. [PMID: 39215015 PMCID: PMC11364688 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-70577-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2024] [Accepted: 08/19/2024] [Indexed: 09/04/2024] Open
Abstract
Upper gastrointestinal bleeding (UGIB) is a common cause of hospital admission worldwide and several risk scores have been developed to predict clinically relevant outcomes. Despite the geriatric population being a high-risk group, age is often overlooked in the assessment of many risk scores. In this study we aimed to compare the predictive accuracy of six pre-endoscopic risk scoring systems in a geriatric population hospitalised with UGIB. We conducted a multi-center cross-sectional study and recruited 136 patients, 67 of these were 65-81.9 years old ("< 82 years"), 69 were 82-100 years old ("≥ 82 years"). We performed six pre-endoscopic risk scores very commonly used in clinical practice (i.e. Glasgow-Blatchford Bleeding and its modified version, T-score, MAP(ASH), Canada-United Kingdom-Adelaide, AIMS65) in both age cohorts and compared their accuracy in relevant outcomes predictions: 30-days mortality since hospitalization, a composite outcome (need of red blood transfusions, endoscopic treatment, rebleeding) and length of hospital stay. T-score showed a significantly worse performance in mortality prediction in the "≥ 82 years" group (AUROC 0.53, 95% CI 0.27-0.75) compared to "< 82 years" group (AUROC 0.88, 95% CI 0.77-0.99). In the composite outcome prediction, except for T-score, younger participants had higher sensitivities than those in the "≥ 82 years" group. All risk scores showed low performances in the prediction of length of stay (AUROCs ≤ 0.70), and, except for CANUKA score, there was a significant difference in terms of accuracy among age cohorts. Most used UGIB risk scores have a low accuracy in the prediction of clinically relevant outcomes in the geriatric population; hence novel scores should account for age or advanced age in their assessment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giuseppe Di Gioia
- Liver Unit, Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Foggia, Foggia, Italy
| | - Moris Sangineto
- Liver Unit, Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Foggia, Foggia, Italy.
| | - Annalisa Paglia
- Liver Unit, Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Foggia, Foggia, Italy
- Internal Medicine Unit, Ospedale Vito Fazzi, Lecce, Italy
| | - Maria Giulia Cornacchia
- Liver Unit, Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Foggia, Foggia, Italy
| | | | - Gaetano Serviddio
- Liver Unit, Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Foggia, Foggia, Italy
| | - Antonino Davide Romano
- Liver Unit, Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Foggia, Foggia, Italy
| | - Rosanna Villani
- Liver Unit, Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Foggia, Foggia, Italy
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5
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Wu Z, Li B, Qie Y, Wu S, Qi F, Chu T, Nie G, Hu H. Targeted Inhibition of Lymphovascular Invasion Formation with CREKA Peptide-Modified Silicasomes to Boost Chemotherapy in Bladder Cancer. NANO LETTERS 2024; 24:10186-10195. [PMID: 39136297 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.4c02485] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/22/2024]
Abstract
Despite its significant clinical efficacy as a first-line treatment for advanced bladder cancer, cisplatin-based chemotherapy provides a limited benefit for patients with lymphovascular invasion (LVI), which is characterized by the presence of tumor emboli within blood vessels and associated with enhanced cisplatin resistance and metastatic potential. Notably, platelets, a critical component of LVI, hinder the delivery of chemotherapeutic agents to tumors and facilitate metastasis. Consequently, platelet function inhibition holds the potential to disrupt LVI formation, as well as augment the antitumor activity of cisplatin. Herein, we developed a tumor microenvironment-targeted nanodrug with lipid-coated mesoporous silica nanoparticles (silicasomes) that synergistically combines cisplatin with an antiplatelet agent, tirofiban, for bladder cancer treatment. The customized nanodrug can concurrently prevent LVI formation and enhance the chemotherapeutic efficacy without significant adverse effects. This study supports the integration of chemotherapy and antiplatelet therapy via a silicasome-based nanosystem as a highly promising strategy for bladder cancer management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhouliang Wu
- Department of Urology, Tianjin Institute of Urology, The Second Hospital of Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300211, China
- CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, Beijing 100190, China
- Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Bozhao Li
- CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, Beijing 100190, China
- Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Yunkai Qie
- Department of Urology, Tianjin Institute of Urology, The Second Hospital of Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300211, China
| | - Suying Wu
- CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, Beijing 100190, China
- Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Feilong Qi
- CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, Beijing 100190, China
- Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Tianjiao Chu
- CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, Beijing 100190, China
- Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Guangjun Nie
- CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, Beijing 100190, China
- Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Hailong Hu
- Department of Urology, Tianjin Institute of Urology, The Second Hospital of Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300211, China
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Wolf U, Wegener M. Proton Pump Inhibitor Prescription in Nursing Home Residents: Prevalence, Appropriateness, and Associated Factors-A Secondary Data Analysis from Three German Regions and the Impact of Guideline Recommendations. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2024; 17:1082. [PMID: 39204187 PMCID: PMC11360722 DOI: 10.3390/ph17081082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2024] [Revised: 07/21/2024] [Accepted: 08/13/2024] [Indexed: 09/03/2024] Open
Abstract
Despite reliable evidence of adverse drug effects, the substantially increased prescription rates of proton pump inhibitors (PPIs) remain at a high level. This study analyzed the appropriateness of PPI prescriptions among residents of nursing homes in three regions of Germany. Baseline data of a cluster-randomized controlled trial were used to determine the prevalence of PPI prescriptions, the validity of indications, and the adequacy of the prescribed dosages according to 1. their drug approvals and 2. valid recommendation guidelines. Regression analyses were conducted to assess associated factors. A total of 437 residents in 37 nursing homes were included (mean age 83 ± 9.2 years, 72% women). The PPI prescription prevalence was 44% (n = 193). In 52/193 (27%) there was no adequate indication, and in 54 (39%) of 138 indicated PPI prescriptions it was overdosed. Yet, in only less than one-third (28%) of "adequate" prescriptions, the indication was according to the PPI approvals, whereas the majority (72%) were off-label indications in line with valid guideline recommendations. Non-indicated PPI prescription was associated with the total number of prescribed drugs (OR 1.32; 95% CI 1.18-1.62; p = 0.013). There were no associations with age, level of care dependency, cognitive impairment, prescription of psychotropic drugs, number of chronic diseases, number of physicians' consultations, or study region. To conclude, in 55%, the high prescription prevalence among residents was either not indicated or overdosed. In total, only 20% (39/193) of cases of PPI use complied with the approved indications. There is a need for quality control of 1. PPI administration in German nursing homes, and 2. of guideline recommendations expanding the off-label PPI use by 72% within the indication scale, predominantly from wide prescription for low-dose ASA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ursula Wolf
- Pharmacotherapy Management, University Hospital Halle (Saale), 06120 Halle (Saale), Germany
- Institute of Health and Nursing Science, Medical Faculty, Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, 06112 Halle (Saale), Germany
| | - Martina Wegener
- Institute of Health and Nursing Science, Medical Faculty, Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, 06112 Halle (Saale), Germany
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Choi J, Lee SH, Choi KH, Lee JM, Park TK, Yang JH, Song YB, Hahn JY, Choi SH, Gwon HC, Choi JH. Transfusion and clinical outcomes after percutaneous coronary intervention. Sci Rep 2024; 14:18461. [PMID: 39122879 PMCID: PMC11315895 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-69385-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2024] [Accepted: 08/05/2024] [Indexed: 08/12/2024] Open
Abstract
We investigated the long-term patterns and effects of transfusion on the clinical outcome of patients undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) using a nationwide registry. Five-year clinical outcome of all Koreans undergoing PCI using stent in year 2011 (n = 48,786) was investigated. Primary outcome was the incidence density of transfusion. The association of transfusion with major adverse clinical event (MACE) consisting all-cause death, revascularization, critically ill cardiovascular status, or stroke was assessed after adjusting the propensity of each patient for transfusion. The 5-year incidence density of transfusion was 4.74 (95% confidence interval [CI] 4.70-4.79) per 100 person-year. Patients who received transfusion were older and had higher frequency of clinical risk factors (p < 0.001, all). Transfusion was associated with MACE (hazard ratio [HR] 3.2, 95% CI 3.2-3.3, p < 0.001) and all other clinical events (HR 1.5-6.9, p < 0.001, all). The period of transfusion coincided with the period of highest MACE incidence density. Subgroup analyses showed consistent results. Within 5 years after PCI, a total of 22.9% of patients received transfusion and had a 3.2-fold higher risk of MACE compared to patients without transfusion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jungmin Choi
- Department of Digital Health, Department of Medical Device Management and Research, SAIHST, Sungkyunkwan University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Seung-Hwa Lee
- Department of Medicine, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Ki-Hong Choi
- Department of Medicine, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Joo Myung Lee
- Department of Medicine, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Taek Kyu Park
- Department of Medicine, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jeong Hoon Yang
- Department of Medicine, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Young Bin Song
- Department of Medicine, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Joo-Yong Hahn
- Department of Medicine, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Seung-Hyuk Choi
- Department of Medicine, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyeon-Cheol Gwon
- Department of Medicine, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jin-Ho Choi
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, 115 Irwon-Ro, Gangnam-gu, Seoul, 06355, Republic of Korea.
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8
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Yap AJY, Teo DCH, Ang PS, Yap ES, Tan SH, Loke CWP, Dorajoo SR. Validation of a Major and Clinically Relevant Nonmajor Bleeding Phenotyping Algorithm on Electronic Health Records. Pharmacoepidemiol Drug Saf 2024; 33:e5875. [PMID: 39090800 DOI: 10.1002/pds.5875] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2023] [Revised: 07/02/2024] [Accepted: 07/03/2024] [Indexed: 08/04/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE Bleeding is an important health outcome of interest in epidemiological studies. We aimed to develop and validate rule-based algorithms to identify (1) major bleeding and (2) all clinically relevant bleeding (CRB) (composite of major and all clinically relevant nonmajor bleeding) within real-world electronic healthcare data. METHODS We took a random sample (n = 1630) of inpatient admissions to Singapore public healthcare institutions in 2019 and 2020, stratifying by hospital and year. We included patients of all age groups, sex, and ethnicities. Presence of major bleeding and CRB were ascertained by two annotators through chart review. A total of 630 and 1000 records were used for algorithm development and validation, respectively. We formulated two algorithms: sensitivity- and positive predictive value (PPV)-optimized algorithms. A combination of hemoglobin test patterns and diagnosis codes were used in the final algorithms. RESULTS During validation, diagnosis codes alone yielded low sensitivities for major bleeding (0.16) and CRB (0.24), although specificities and PPV were high (>0.97). For major bleeding, the sensitivity-optimized algorithm had much higher sensitivity and negative predictive values (NPVs) (sensitivity = 0.94, NPV = 1.00), however false positive rates were also relatively high (specificity = 0.90, PPV = 0.34). PPV-optimized algorithm had improved specificity and PPV (specificity = 0.96, PPV = 0.52), with little reduction in sensitivity and NPV (sensitivity = 0.88, NPV = 0.99). For CRB events, our algorithms had lower sensitivities (0.50-0.56). CONCLUSIONS The use of diagnosis codes alone misses many genuine major bleeding events. We have developed major bleeding algorithms with high sensitivities, which can ascertain events within populations of interest.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aaron Jun Yi Yap
- Vigilance & Compliance Branch, Health Products Regulation Group, Health Sciences Authority, Singapore
| | - Desmond Chun Hwee Teo
- Vigilance & Compliance Branch, Health Products Regulation Group, Health Sciences Authority, Singapore
| | - Pei San Ang
- Vigilance & Compliance Branch, Health Products Regulation Group, Health Sciences Authority, Singapore
| | - Eng Soo Yap
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, National University Hospital, Singapore
| | - Siew Har Tan
- Vigilance & Compliance Branch, Health Products Regulation Group, Health Sciences Authority, Singapore
| | - Celine Wei Ping Loke
- Vigilance & Compliance Branch, Health Products Regulation Group, Health Sciences Authority, Singapore
| | - Sreemanee Raaj Dorajoo
- Vigilance & Compliance Branch, Health Products Regulation Group, Health Sciences Authority, Singapore
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9
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Iglseder B, Mutzenbach JS. [Prevention of ischemic stroke in old age]. Z Gerontol Geriatr 2024; 57:402-410. [PMID: 39105805 PMCID: PMC11315753 DOI: 10.1007/s00391-024-02336-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2024] [Accepted: 06/19/2024] [Indexed: 08/07/2024]
Abstract
Stroke is one of the main causes of permanent disability and death and the risk increases with age. Primary and secondary prevention therefore have a high priority. The treatment of risk factors, such as high blood pressure, diabetes mellitus and hyperlipidemia is just as important as anticoagulation in atrial fibrillation, in addition to optimization of lifestyle and diet. Platelet function inhibitors play a role in the prophylaxis of recurrence, carotid surgery and stenting are used in selected patients. There is little study evidence for old people, individualized treatment planning takes functional status and comorbidities into account.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bernhard Iglseder
- Universitätsklinik für Geriatrie der PMU, Uniklinikum Salzburg - Campus Christian-Doppler-Klinik, Ignaz-Harrer-Straße 79, 5020, Salzburg, Österreich.
| | - J Sebastian Mutzenbach
- Universitätsklinik für Neurologie, neurologische Intensivmedizin und Neurorehabilitation, Uniklinikum Salzburg - Campus Christian-Doppler-Klinik, Salzburg, Österreich
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10
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Cheung KS, Leung WK. Reply. Clin Gastroenterol Hepatol 2024:S1542-3565(24)00688-8. [PMID: 39074523 DOI: 10.1016/j.cgh.2024.07.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2024] [Accepted: 07/16/2024] [Indexed: 07/31/2024]
Affiliation(s)
- Ka Shing Cheung
- Department of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Queen Mary Hospital, Hong Kong
| | - Wai K Leung
- Department of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Queen Mary Hospital, Hong Kong
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Nappi F. P2Y12 Receptor Inhibitor for Antiaggregant Therapies: From Molecular Pathway to Clinical Application. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:7575. [PMID: 39062819 PMCID: PMC11277343 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25147575] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2024] [Revised: 07/03/2024] [Accepted: 07/05/2024] [Indexed: 07/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Platelets play a significant role in hemostasis, forming plugs at sites of vascular injury to limit blood loss. However, if platelet activation is not controlled, it can lead to thrombotic events, such as myocardial infarction and stroke. To prevent this, antiplatelet agents are used in clinical settings to limit platelet activation in patients at risk of arterial thrombotic events. However, their use can be associated with a significant risk of bleeding. An enhanced comprehension of platelet signaling mechanisms should facilitate the identification of safer targets for antiplatelet therapy. Over the past decade, our comprehension of the breadth and intricacy of signaling pathways that orchestrate platelet activation has expanded exponentially. Several recent studies have provided further insight into the regulation of platelet signaling events and identified novel targets against which to develop novel antiplatelet agents. Antiplatelet drugs are essential in managing atherothrombotic vascular disease. The current antiplatelet therapy in clinical practice is limited in terms of safety and efficacy. Novel compounds have been developed in response to patient variability and resistance to aspirin and/or clopidogrel. Recent studies based on randomized controlled trials and systematic reviews have definitively demonstrated the role of antiplatelet therapy in reducing the risk of cardiovascular events. Antiplatelet therapy is the recommended course of action for patients with established atherosclerosis. These studies compared monotherapy with a P2Y12 inhibitor versus aspirin for secondary prevention. However, in patients undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention, it is still unclear whether the efficacy of P2Y12 inhibitor monotherapy after a short course of dual antiplatelet therapy depends on the type of P2Y12 inhibitor. This paper focuses on the advanced-stage evaluation of several promising antiplatelet drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesco Nappi
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, Centre Cardiologique du Nord, 93200 Saint-Denis, France
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12
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Ma F, Zeng Z, Chen J, Zhang J. A new score for predicting intracranial hemorrhage in patients using antiplatelet drugs. Ann Hematol 2024; 103:2511-2521. [PMID: 38630131 DOI: 10.1007/s00277-024-05734-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2024] [Accepted: 03/29/2024] [Indexed: 07/06/2024]
Abstract
Antiplatelet drugs in patients increase the risk of intracranial hemorrhage (ICH), which can seriously affect patients' quality of life and even endanger their lives. Currently, there is no specific score for predicting the risk of ICH caused by antiplatelet drugs. We aimed to identify factors associated with ICH in patients on antiplatelet drugs and to construct and validate a predictive model that would provide a validated tool for the clinic. Data were obtained from the patient medical records inpatient system. Prediction models were built by logistic regression, the area under the curve (AUC), and column line plots. Internal validation, analytical identification and calibration of the model using AUC, calibration curves and Hosmer-Lemeshow test. The registration number of this study is ChiCTR2000031909, and the ethical review number is 2020KY087. This single-center retrospective study enrolled 753 patients treated with antiplatelet drugs, including 527 in the development cohort. Multifactorial analysis showed that male, headache or vomiting, hypertension, cerebrovascular disease, CT-defined white matter hypodensity, abnormal GCS, fibrinogen and D-dimer were independent risk factors for ICH, and lipid-lowering drugs was a protective factor. The model was constructed using these nine factors with an AUC value of 0.949. In the validation cohort, the model showed good discriminatory power with an AUC value of 0.943 and good calibration (Hosmer-Lemeshow test P value of 0.818). Based on 9 factors, we derived and validated a predictive model for ICH with antiplatelet drugs in patients. The model has good predictive value and may be an effective tool to reduce the occurrence of ICH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fuxin Ma
- Department of School, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Zhiwei Zeng
- Department of Pharmacy, College of Clinical Medicine for Obstetrics & Gynecology and Pediatrics, Fujian Maternity and Child Health Hospital, Fujian Medical University, #18 Daoshan Road, Fuzhou, 350001, China
| | - Jiana Chen
- Department of Pharmacy, College of Clinical Medicine for Obstetrics & Gynecology and Pediatrics, Fujian Maternity and Child Health Hospital, Fujian Medical University, #18 Daoshan Road, Fuzhou, 350001, China
| | - Jinhua Zhang
- Department of Pharmacy, College of Clinical Medicine for Obstetrics & Gynecology and Pediatrics, Fujian Maternity and Child Health Hospital, Fujian Medical University, #18 Daoshan Road, Fuzhou, 350001, China.
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Sammons EL, Buck G, Bowman LJ, Stevens WM, Hammami I, Parish S, Armitage J. ASCEND-Eye: Effects of Aspirin on Diabetic Retinopathy. Ophthalmology 2024; 131:771-779. [PMID: 38237868 DOI: 10.1016/j.ophtha.2024.01.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2023] [Revised: 01/09/2024] [Accepted: 01/09/2024] [Indexed: 03/21/2024] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Preclinical studies support a protective role for aspirin in early diabetic retinopathy (DR), but the findings from randomized trials are limited. We present randomized evidence for the efficacy and safety of aspirin on DR outcomes. DESIGN A substudy of the A Study of Cardiovascular Events in Diabetes (ASCEND) double-masked, randomized, placebo-controlled trial of 100 mg aspirin daily for the primary prevention of serious cardiovascular events in people with diabetes. PARTICIPANTS Fifteen thousand four hundred eighty United Kingdom adults at least 40 years of age with diabetes. METHODS Linkage to electronic National Health Service Diabetic Eye Screening Programme records in England and Wales and confirmation of participant-reported eye events via medical record review were carried out. Log-rank methods were used for intention-to-treat analyses of time until the first primary efficacy and safety outcomes. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES The primary efficacy end point was the first record of referable disease after randomization, a composite of referable retinopathy or referable maculopathy based on the grading criteria defined by the United Kingdom National Screening Committee. The primary safety outcome was the first sight-threatening eye bleed, defined as clinically significant bleeding in the eye that resulted in unresolved visual loss or required an urgent intervention such as laser photocoagulation, vitreoretinal surgery, intraocular injection, or a combination thereof. RESULTS Linkage data were obtained for 7360 participants (48% of those randomized in ASCEND). During the mean follow-up of 6.5 years, 539 participants (14.6%) experienced a referable disease event in the aspirin group, compared with 522 participants (14.2%) in the placebo group (rate ratio, 1.03; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.91-1.16; P = 0.64). No statistically significant between-group difference was found in the proportions of sight-threatening eye bleed events (57 participants [0.7%] and 64 participants [0.8%], respectively; rate ratio, 0.89; 95% CI, 0.62-1.27). DISCUSSION These data exclude any clinically meaningful benefits of aspirin for DR, but give reassurance regarding the ophthalmologic safety of aspirin. FINANCIAL DISCLOSURE(S) Proprietary or commercial disclosure may be found in the Footnotes and Disclosures at the end of this article.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emily L Sammons
- Clinical Trial Service Unit & Epidemiological Studies Unit, Nuffield Department of Population Health, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom.
| | - Georgina Buck
- Big Data Institute, Clinical Trial Service Unit & Epidemiological Studies Unit, Nuffield Department of Population Health, University of Oxford, Old Road Campus, Roosevelt Drive, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Louise J Bowman
- Clinical Trial Service Unit & Epidemiological Studies Unit, Nuffield Department of Population Health, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - William M Stevens
- Big Data Institute, Clinical Trial Service Unit & Epidemiological Studies Unit, Nuffield Department of Population Health, University of Oxford, Old Road Campus, Roosevelt Drive, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Imen Hammami
- Big Data Institute, Clinical Trial Service Unit & Epidemiological Studies Unit, Nuffield Department of Population Health, University of Oxford, Old Road Campus, Roosevelt Drive, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Sarah Parish
- Big Data Institute, Clinical Trial Service Unit & Epidemiological Studies Unit, Nuffield Department of Population Health, University of Oxford, Old Road Campus, Roosevelt Drive, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Jane Armitage
- Clinical Trial Service Unit & Epidemiological Studies Unit, Nuffield Department of Population Health, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
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Moras E, Zaid S, Gandhi K, Barman N, Birnbaum Y, Virani SS, Tamis-Holland J, Jneid H, Krittanawong C. Pharmacotherapy for Coronary Artery Disease and Acute Coronary Syndrome in the Aging Population. Curr Atheroscler Rep 2024; 26:231-248. [PMID: 38722473 DOI: 10.1007/s11883-024-01203-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/19/2024] [Indexed: 06/22/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW To provide a comprehensive summary of relevant studies and evidence concerning the utilization of different pharmacotherapeutic and revascularization strategies in managing coronary artery disease and acute coronary syndrome specifically in the older adult population. RECENT FINDINGS Approximately 30% to 40% of hospitalized patients with acute coronary syndrome are older adults, among whom the majority of cardiovascular-related deaths occur. When compared to younger patients, these individuals generally experience inferior clinical outcomes. Most clinical trials assessing the efficacy and safety of various therapeutics have primarily enrolled patients under the age of 75, in addition to excluding those with geriatric complexities. In this review, we emphasize the need for a personalized and comprehensive approach to pharmacotherapy for coronary heart disease and acute coronary syndrome in older adults, considering concomitant geriatric syndromes and age-related factors to optimize treatment outcomes while minimizing potential risks and complications. In the realm of clinical practice, cardiovascular and geriatric risks are closely intertwined, with both being significant factors in determining treatments aimed at reducing negative outcomes and attaining health conditions most valued by older adults.
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Affiliation(s)
- Errol Moras
- Department of Internal Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Syed Zaid
- Section of Cardiology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Kruti Gandhi
- Department of Internal Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Nitin Barman
- Cardiac Catheterization Laboratory, Mount Sinai Morningside Hospital, New York, NY, USA
| | - Yochai Birnbaum
- Section of Cardiology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
| | | | | | - Hani Jneid
- Division of Cardiology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Houston, TX, USA
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15
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De Matteis E, Ornello R, De Santis F, Foschi M, Romoli M, Tassinari T, Saia V, Cenciarelli S, Bedetti C, Padiglioni C, Censori B, Puglisi V, Vinciguerra L, Guarino M, Barone V, Zedde M, Grisendi I, Diomedi M, Bagnato MR, Petruzzellis M, Mezzapesa DM, Di Viesti P, Inchingolo V, Cappellari M, Zenorini M, Candelaresi P, Andreone V, Rinaldi G, Bavaro A, Cavallini A, Moraru S, Querzani P, Terruso V, Mannino M, Pezzini A, Frisullo G, Muscia F, Paciaroni M, Mosconi MG, Zini A, Leone R, Palmieri C, Cupini LM, Marcon M, Tassi R, Sanzaro E, Paci C, Viticchi G, Orsucci D, Falcou A, Diamanti S, Tarletti R, Nencini P, Rota E, Sepe FN, Ferrandi D, Caputi L, Volpi G, Spada SL, Beccia M, Rinaldi C, Mastrangelo V, Di Blasio F, Invernizzi P, Pelliccioni G, De Angelis MV, Bonanni L, Ruzza G, Caggia EA, Russo M, Tonon A, Acciarri MC, Anticoli S, Roberti C, Manobianca G, Scaglione G, Pistoia F, Fortini A, De Boni A, Sanna A, Chiti A, Barbarini L, Caggiula M, Masato M, Del Sette M, Passarelli F, Roberta Bongioanni M, Toni D, Ricci S, Sacco S. Beyond RCTs: Short-term dual antiplatelet therapy in secondary prevention of ischemic stroke and transient ischemic attack. Eur Stroke J 2024:23969873241255250. [PMID: 38869034 DOI: 10.1177/23969873241255250] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Randomized controlled trials (RCTs) proved the efficacy of short-term dual antiplatelet therapy (DAPT) in secondary prevention of minor ischemic stroke or high-risk transient ischemic attack (TIA). We aimed at evaluating effectiveness and safety of short-term DAPT in real-world, where treatment use is broader than in RCTs. METHODS READAPT (REAl-life study on short-term Dual Antiplatelet treatment in Patients with ischemic stroke or Transient ischemic attack) (NCT05476081) was an observational multicenter real-world study with a 90-day follow-up. We included patients aged 18+ receiving short-term DAPT soon after ischemic stroke or TIA. No stringent NIHSS and ABCD2 score cut-offs were applied but adherence to guidelines was recommended. Primary effectiveness outcome was stroke (ischemic or hemorrhagic) or death due to vascular causes, primary safety outcome was moderate-to-severe bleeding. Secondary outcomes were the type of ischemic and hemorrhagic events, disability, cause of death, and compliance to treatment. RESULTS We included 1920 patients; 69.9% started DAPT after an ischemic stroke; only 8.9% strictly followed entry criteria or procedures of RCTs. Primary effectiveness outcome occurred in 3.9% and primary safety outcome in 0.6% of cases. In total, 3.3% cerebrovascular ischemic recurrences occurred, 0.2% intracerebral hemorrhages, and 2.7% bleedings; 0.2% of patients died due to vascular causes. Patients with NIHSS score ⩽5 and those without acute lesions at neuroimaging had significantly higher primary effectiveness outcomes than their counterparts. Additionally, DAPT start >24 h after symptom onset was associated with a lower likelihood of bleeding. CONCLUSIONS In real-world, most of the patients who receive DAPT after an ischemic stroke or a TIA do not follow RCTs entry criteria and procedures. Nevertheless, short-term DAPT remains effective and safe in this population. No safety concerns are raised in patients with low-risk TIA, more severe stroke, and delayed treatment start.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eleonora De Matteis
- Department of Biotechnological and Applied Clinical Sciences, University of L'Aquila, L'Aquila, Italy
- Department of Brain Sciences, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Raffaele Ornello
- Department of Biotechnological and Applied Clinical Sciences, University of L'Aquila, L'Aquila, Italy
| | - Federico De Santis
- Department of Biotechnological and Applied Clinical Sciences, University of L'Aquila, L'Aquila, Italy
| | - Matteo Foschi
- Department of Biotechnological and Applied Clinical Sciences, University of L'Aquila, L'Aquila, Italy
| | - Michele Romoli
- Department of Neuroscience, Maurizio Bufalini Hospital, AUSL Romagna, Cesena, Italy
| | - Tiziana Tassinari
- Department of Neurology, Santa Corona Hospital, Pietra Ligure, Italy
| | - Valentina Saia
- Department of Neurology, Santa Corona Hospital, Pietra Ligure, Italy
| | - Silvia Cenciarelli
- Department of Neurology, Città di Castello Hospital, Città di Castello, Italy
| | - Chiara Bedetti
- Department of Neurology, Città di Castello Hospital, Città di Castello, Italy
| | - Chiara Padiglioni
- Department of Neurology, Città di Castello Hospital, Città di Castello, Italy
| | - Bruno Censori
- Department of Neurology, ASST Cremona Hospital, Cremona, Italy
| | | | | | - Maria Guarino
- IRCCS Istituto delle Scienze Neurologiche di Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Valentina Barone
- IRCCS Istituto delle Scienze Neurologiche di Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Marialuisa Zedde
- Neurology Unit, Stroke Unit, Azienda Unità Sanitaria Locale-IRCCS di Reggio Emilia, Reggio Emilia, Italy
| | - Ilaria Grisendi
- Neurology Unit, Stroke Unit, Azienda Unità Sanitaria Locale-IRCCS di Reggio Emilia, Reggio Emilia, Italy
| | - Marina Diomedi
- Department of Systems Medicine, Tor Vergata University Hospital, Rome, Italy
| | | | - Marco Petruzzellis
- Department of Neurology and Stroke Unit, "F. Puca" AOU Consorziale Policlinico, Bari, Italy
| | | | - Pietro Di Viesti
- Department of Neurology, Fondazione IRCCS Casa sollievo della sofferenza, San Giovanni Rotondo, Italy
| | - Vincenzo Inchingolo
- Department of Neurology, Fondazione IRCCS Casa sollievo della sofferenza, San Giovanni Rotondo, Italy
| | - Manuel Cappellari
- Department of Neuroscience, Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Integrata Verona, Verona
| | - Mara Zenorini
- Department of Neuroscience, Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Integrata Verona, Verona
| | - Paolo Candelaresi
- Department of Neurology and Stroke Unit, AORN Antonio Cardarelli, Naples, Italy
| | - Vincenzo Andreone
- Department of Neurology and Stroke Unit, AORN Antonio Cardarelli, Naples, Italy
| | | | | | - Anna Cavallini
- UO Neurologia d'Urgenza e Stroke Unit, IRCCS Mondino Foundation, Pavia, Italy
| | - Stefan Moraru
- UO Neurologia d'Urgenza e Stroke Unit, IRCCS Mondino Foundation, Pavia, Italy
| | - Pietro Querzani
- Department of Neuroscience, S.Maria delle Croci Hospital, AUSL Romagna, Ravenna, Italy
| | - Valeria Terruso
- Department of Neurology, AOOR Villa Sofia-Cervello, Palermo, Italy
| | - Marina Mannino
- Department of Neurology, AOOR Villa Sofia-Cervello, Palermo, Italy
| | - Alessandro Pezzini
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Parma, Stroke Care Program, Department of Emergency, Parma University Hospital, Parma, Italy
| | - Giovanni Frisullo
- Neuroscienze, Organi di Senso e Torace, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Agostino Gemelli, Rome, Italy
| | | | - Maurizio Paciaroni
- Department of Internal and Cardiovascular Medicine - Stroke Unit, University Hospital Santa Maria della Misericordia, Perugia, Italy
| | - Maria Giulia Mosconi
- Department of Internal and Cardiovascular Medicine - Stroke Unit, University Hospital Santa Maria della Misericordia, Perugia, Italy
| | - Andrea Zini
- IRCCS Istituto delle Scienze Neurologiche di Bologna, Department of Neurology and Stroke Center, Maggiore Hospital, Bologna, Italy
| | - Ruggiero Leone
- Department of Neurology and Stroke Unit, "M. R. Dimiccoli" General Hospital, Barletta, ASL BT, Italy
| | - Carmela Palmieri
- Medical Department, E. Agnelli Hospital - Local Health Company (ASL) TO3, Pinerolo, Italy
| | | | - Michela Marcon
- Department of Neurology, Cazzavillan Hospital Arzignano, Vicenza, Italy
| | - Rossana Tassi
- Stroke Unit, Urgency and Emergency Department, Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Senese, Siena, Italy
| | - Enzo Sanzaro
- Department of Neurology, Umberto I Hospital, Siracusa, Italy
| | - Cristina Paci
- UOC Neurologia, Ospedale "Madonna del Soccorso", San Benedetto del Tronto, Italy
| | - Giovanna Viticchi
- Experimental and Clinical Medicine Department, Marche Polytechnic University, Ancona
| | - Daniele Orsucci
- Unit of Neurology-San Luca Hospital, Lucca and Castelnuovo Garfagnana, Italy
| | - Anne Falcou
- Stroke Unit, Emergency Department, Policlinico Umberto I Hospital, Rome, Italy
| | - Susanna Diamanti
- Department of Neurology, Fondazione IRCCS San Gerardo dei Tintori, Monza, Italy
| | - Roberto Tarletti
- SCDU Neurologia - Stroke Unit, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria "Maggiore della Carità", Novara, Italy
| | | | - Eugenia Rota
- Department of Neurology, San Giacomo Hospital, Novi Ligure, Italy
| | | | - Delfina Ferrandi
- Stroke Unit-Department of Neurology, SS. Biagio e Arrigo Hospital, Alessandria, Italy
| | - Luigi Caputi
- Department of Cardiocerebrovascular diseases, Neurology-Stroke Unit-ASST Ospedale Maggiore di Crema, Crema, Italy
| | - Gino Volpi
- Department of Neurology, San Jacopo Hospital, Pistoia, Italy
| | | | - Mario Beccia
- Department of Neurology, Sant'Andrea Hospital, Rome, Italy
| | - Claudia Rinaldi
- Neurology Unit, "Infermi" Hospital, AUSL Romagna, Rimini, Italy
| | | | | | - Paolo Invernizzi
- Departiment of Neurology, Istituto Ospedaliero Fondazione Poliambulanza, Brescia, Italy
| | | | - Maria Vittoria De Angelis
- Stroke Unit, "S.Spirito" Hospital, Pescara, Italy
- Department of Neurology and Stroke Unit, SS Annunziata Hospital, Chieti, Italy
| | - Laura Bonanni
- Dipartimento di Medicina e Scienze dell'Invecchiamento, Università G. d'Annunzio di Chieti-Pescara e Clinica Neurologica e Stroke Unit Ospedale Clinicizzato SS. Annunziata di Chieti, Chieti, Italy
| | | | | | - Monia Russo
- Department of Neurology, St Misericordia Hospital, Rovigo, Italy
| | - Agnese Tonon
- Department of Neurology, Ospedale Civile Ss. Giovanni e Paolo, Venice, Italy
| | | | | | - Cinzia Roberti
- Department of Neurology, San Filippo Neri Hospital, Rome, Italy
| | - Giovanni Manobianca
- Department of Neurology, General Regional Hospital "F. Miulli", Acquaviva delle Fonti, Italy
| | - Gaspare Scaglione
- Department of Neurology, General Regional Hospital "F. Miulli", Acquaviva delle Fonti, Italy
| | - Francesca Pistoia
- Department of Biotechnological and Applied Clinical Sciences, University of L'Aquila, L'Aquila, Italy
| | - Alberto Fortini
- Internal Medicine, San Giovanni di Dio Hospital, Florence, Italy
| | | | | | - Alberto Chiti
- Unit of Neurology, Apuane Hospital, Massa Carrara, Italy
| | | | | | - Maela Masato
- Department of Neurology, Mirano Hospital, Mirano, Italy
| | - Massimo Del Sette
- Department of Neuroscience, IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, Genoa, Italy
| | | | | | - Danilo Toni
- Department of Human neurosciences, University of Rome La Sapienza, Rome, Italy
| | - Stefano Ricci
- Department of Neurology, Città di Castello Hospital, Città di Castello, Italy
- Coordinatore Comitato Scientifico ISA-AII
| | - Simona Sacco
- Department of Biotechnological and Applied Clinical Sciences, University of L'Aquila, L'Aquila, Italy
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Ghule P, Panic J, Malone DC. Risk of bleeding with concomitant use of oral anticoagulants and aspirin: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Am J Health Syst Pharm 2024; 81:494-508. [PMID: 38263263 DOI: 10.1093/ajhp/zxae010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2024] [Indexed: 01/25/2024] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Oral anticoagulants (OACs) and aspirin can trigger bleeding events when used alone or in combination. The purpose of this study was to compare the risk of any type of bleeding in individuals exposed to a combination of OAC and aspirin with the risk in those taking an OAC or aspirin alone. METHODS MEDLINE and Web of Science were queried in January 2021 for eligible articles. Studies were included if they were either randomized controlled trials (RCTs) or observational studies and evaluated the number of any bleeding events in two groups, one with exposure to both OAC and aspirin and one with exposure to OAC alone or aspirin alone. Pooled odds ratios were calculated using a random-effects model. RESULTS Forty-two studies were included. In an analysis of 15 RCTs and 19 observational studies evaluating OAC plus aspirin versus OAC alone, a significant difference in the risk of bleeding was observed in the combination groups, with an odds ratio [OR] of, 1.36 (95% CI, 1.15-1.59) for RCTs and an OR of 1.42 (95% CI-, 1.09-1.87) for observational studies. When OAC plus aspirin was compared to aspirin alone, a higher rate of bleeding was found in the combination group (OR, 2.36; 95%CI, 1.91-2.92) in the analysis of 15 RCTs, but no significant difference was found among 10 observational studies (OR, 1.93; 95% Cl, 0.99-3.75). CONCLUSION The risk of any type of bleeding was significantly increased among patients taking aspirin plus OAC compared to those taking OAC alone in both RCTs and observational studies. Evaluation of RCTs comparing OAC plus aspirin to aspirin alone suggests increased bleeding risk as well.
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Affiliation(s)
- Priyanka Ghule
- College of Pharmacy, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UH, USA
| | - Jennifer Panic
- Froedtert and the Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, USA
| | - Daniel C Malone
- College of Pharmacy, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UH, USA
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Li S, Zhang D, Sha Y, Zhu Y, Zhou L, Peng B, Ni J. Efficacy and safety of tirofiban in patients with acute branch atheromatous disease-related stroke (BRANT): a protocol for a randomised controlled trial. BMJ Open 2024; 14:e082141. [PMID: 38858147 PMCID: PMC11168161 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2023-082141] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2023] [Accepted: 04/09/2024] [Indexed: 06/12/2024] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Branch atheromatous disease (BAD)-related stroke is increasingly becoming a clinical entity and prone to early neurological deterioration (END) and poor prognosis. There are no effective regimens to reduce the disability caused by BAD-related stroke in acute phase. Recent studies have indicated the efficacy of tirofiban in acute ischaemic stroke; however, its efficacy has not been validated in patients with BAD-related stroke. Thus, we aim to test whether intravenous tirofiban initiated within 48 hours after the onset would improve the functional outcome in patients with acute BAD-related stroke, in comparison with the standard antiplatelet therapy based on the current guideline. METHODS AND ANALYSIS BRANT is a multicentre, randomised, open-label, blinded endpoint, parallel-controlled, phase III trial conducted in 21 hospitals in China. Participants aged 18-75 years with acute BAD-related stroke within 48 hours after the stroke onset are randomised in a 1:1 ratio to the tirofiban or control group. The treatment period is 48 hours in both groups. The primary outcome is the excellent functional outcome (modified Rankin Scale Score: 0-1) at 90 days. The secondary outcomes include END, major bleeding, stroke, death, functional status, serious adverse events and change in bleeding-related markers. Assuming the rates of the primary outcome to be 74% in the tirofiban group and 62% in the control group, a total of 516 participants are needed for 0.8 power (two-sided 0.05 alpha). ETHICS AND DISSEMINATION BRANT study has been approved by the Ethics Committee of the Peking Union Medical College Hospital (I-23PJ1242). Written informed consent is required for all the patients before enrolment. The results of the study will be published in a peer-reviewed journal. TRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBER ClinicalTrials.gov (NCT06037889).
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Affiliation(s)
- Shengde Li
- Department of neurology, State Key Laboratory of Complex Severe and Rare Diseases, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Science and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Dingding Zhang
- Medical Research Center, State Key laboratory of Complex Severe and Rare Diseases, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Yuhui Sha
- Department of neurology, State Key Laboratory of Complex Severe and Rare Diseases, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Science and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Yicheng Zhu
- Department of neurology, State Key Laboratory of Complex Severe and Rare Diseases, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Science and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Lixin Zhou
- Department of neurology, State Key Laboratory of Complex Severe and Rare Diseases, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Science and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Bin Peng
- Department of neurology, State Key Laboratory of Complex Severe and Rare Diseases, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Science and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Jun Ni
- Department of neurology, State Key Laboratory of Complex Severe and Rare Diseases, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Science and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
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18
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Bao Y, Xu Y. Aspirin-Related Chemoprevention of GI Cancers and Bleeding-Related Mortality in Helicobacter Pylori-Eradicated Patients. Clin Gastroenterol Hepatol 2024:S1542-3565(24)00507-X. [PMID: 38857743 DOI: 10.1016/j.cgh.2024.05.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2024] [Accepted: 05/28/2024] [Indexed: 06/12/2024]
Affiliation(s)
- Yi Bao
- Department of Neurology, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Yanming Xu
- Department of Neurology, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
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Salah WK, Findlay MC, Baker CM, Scoville JP, Bounajem MT, Ogilvy CS, Moore JM, Riina HA, Levy EI, Siddiqui AH, Spiotta AM, Cawley CM, Khalessi AA, Tanweer O, Hanel R, Gross BA, Kuybu O, Howard BM, Hoang AN, Baig AA, Khorasanizadeh M, Mendez Ruiz AA, Cortez G, Davies JM, Lang MJ, Thomas AJ, Tonetti DA, Khalife J, Sioutas GS, Carroll K, Abecassis ZA, Jankowitz BT, Ruiz Rodriguez J, Levitt MR, Kan PT, Burkhardt JK, Srinivasan V, Salem MM, Grandhi R. The Influence of Coagulopathy on Radiographic and Clinical Outcomes in Patients Undergoing Middle Meningeal Artery Embolization as Standalone Treatment for Non-acute Subdural Hematomas. J Neurotrauma 2024; 41:1375-1383. [PMID: 38481125 DOI: 10.1089/neu.2023.0413] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/11/2024] Open
Abstract
Middle meningeal artery embolization (MMAE) is emerging as a safe and effective standalone intervention for non-acute subdural hematomas (NASHs); however, the risk of hematoma recurrence after MMAE in coagulopathic patients is unclear. To characterize the impact of coagulopathy on treatment outcomes, we analyzed a multi-institutional database of patients who underwent standalone MMAE as treatment for NASH. We classified 537 patients who underwent MMAE as a standalone intervention between 2019 and 2023 by coagulopathy status. Coagulopathy was defined as use of anticoagulation/antiplatelet agents or pre-operative thrombocytopenia (platelets <100,000/μL). Demographics, pre-procedural characteristics, in-hospital course, and patient outcomes were collected. Thrombocytopenia, aspirin use, antiplatelet agent use, and anticoagulant use were assessed using univariate and multivariate analyses to identify any characteristics associated with the need for rescue surgical intervention, mortality, adverse events, and modified Rankin Scale score at 90-day follow-up. Propensity score-matched cohorts by coagulopathy status with matching covariates adjusting for risk factors implicated in surgical recurrence were evaluated by univariate and multivariate analyses. Minimal differences in pre-operative characteristics between patients with and those without coagulopathy were observed. On unmatched and matched analyses, patients with coagulopathy had higher rates of requiring subsequent surgery than those without (unmatched: 9.9% vs. 4.3%; matched: 12.6% vs. 4.6%; both p < 0.05). On matched multivariable analysis, patients with coagulopathy had an increased odds ratio (OR) of requiring surgical rescue (OR 3.95; 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.68-9.30; p < 0.01). Antiplatelet agent use (ticagrelor, prasugrel, or clopidogrel) was also predictive of surgical rescue (OR 4.38; 95% CI 1.51-12.72; p = 0.01), and patients with thrombocytopenia had significantly increased odds of in-hospital mortality (OR 5.16; 95% CI 2.38-11.20; p < 0.01). There were no differences in follow-up radiographic and other clinical outcomes in patients with and those without coagulopathy. Patients with coagulopathy undergoing standalone MMAE for treatment of NASH may have greater risk of requiring surgical rescue (particularly in patients using antiplatelet agents), and in-hospital mortality (in thrombocytopenic patients).
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Affiliation(s)
- Walid K Salah
- Department of Neurosurgery, Clinical Neurosciences Center, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah, USA
- School of Medicine, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah, USA
| | | | - Cordell M Baker
- Department of Neurosurgery, Clinical Neurosciences Center, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah, USA
| | - Jonathan P Scoville
- Department of Neurosurgery, Clinical Neurosciences Center, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah, USA
| | - Michael T Bounajem
- Department of Neurosurgery, Clinical Neurosciences Center, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah, USA
| | - Christopher S Ogilvy
- Department of Neurological Surgery, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Justin M Moore
- Department of Neurological Surgery, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Howard A Riina
- Department of Neurosurgery, NYU Langone Health, New York, New York, USA
| | - Elad I Levy
- Department of Neurosurgery, University at Buffalo, Buffalo, New York, USA
| | - Adnan H Siddiqui
- Department of Neurosurgery, University at Buffalo, Buffalo, New York, USA
| | - Alejandro M Spiotta
- Department of Neurosurgery, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina, USA
| | - C Michael Cawley
- Department of Neurosurgery, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | - Alexander A Khalessi
- Department of Neurological Surgery, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California, USA
| | - Omar Tanweer
- Department of Neurosurgery, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Ricardo Hanel
- Lyerly Neurosurgery, Baptist Neurological Institute, Jacksonville, Florida, USA
| | - Bradley A Gross
- Department of Neurological Surgery, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Okkes Kuybu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Penn Medicine, Hospital of the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Brian M Howard
- Department of Neurosurgery, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | - Alex N Hoang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Houston Methodist, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Ammad A Baig
- Department of Neurosurgery, University at Buffalo, Buffalo, New York, USA
| | | | - Aldo A Mendez Ruiz
- Department of Neurological Surgery, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Gustavo Cortez
- Lyerly Neurosurgery, Baptist Neurological Institute, Jacksonville, Florida, USA
| | - Jason M Davies
- Department of Neurosurgery, University at Buffalo, Buffalo, New York, USA
| | - Michael J Lang
- Department of Neurological Surgery, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Ajith J Thomas
- Department of Neurosurgery, Cooper University Healthcare, Camden, New Jersey, USA
| | - Daniel A Tonetti
- Department of Neurosurgery, Cooper University Healthcare, Camden, New Jersey, USA
| | - Jane Khalife
- Department of Neurosurgery, Cooper University Healthcare, Camden, New Jersey, USA
| | - Georgios S Sioutas
- Department of Neurosurgery, Penn Medicine, Hospital of the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Kate Carroll
- Department of Neurological Surgery, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Zachary A Abecassis
- Department of Neurological Surgery, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Brian T Jankowitz
- Department of Neurosurgery, Penn Medicine, Hospital of the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Juan Ruiz Rodriguez
- Department of Neurological Surgery, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Michael R Levitt
- Department of Neurological Surgery, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Peter T Kan
- Department of Neurosurgery, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Jan-Karl Burkhardt
- Department of Neurosurgery, Penn Medicine, Hospital of the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Visish Srinivasan
- Department of Neurosurgery, Penn Medicine, Hospital of the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Mohamed M Salem
- Department of Neurosurgery, Penn Medicine, Hospital of the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Ramesh Grandhi
- Department of Neurosurgery, Clinical Neurosciences Center, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah, USA
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20
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Menichelli D, Gazzaniga G, Del Sole F, Pani A, Pignatelli P, Pastori D. Acute upper and lower gastrointestinal bleeding management in older people taking or not taking anticoagulants: a literature review. Front Med (Lausanne) 2024; 11:1399429. [PMID: 38765253 PMCID: PMC11099229 DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2024.1399429] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2024] [Accepted: 04/11/2024] [Indexed: 05/21/2024] Open
Abstract
Acute upper and lower gastrointestinal (GI) bleeding may be a potentially life-threatening event that requires prompt recognition and an early effective management, being responsible for a considerable number of hospital admissions. Methods. We perform a clinical review to summarize the recent international guidelines, helping the physician in clinical practice. Older people are a vulnerable subgroup of patients more prone to developing GI bleeding because of several comorbidities and polypharmacy, especially related to an increased use of antiplatelet and anticoagulant drugs. In addition, older patients may have higher peri-procedural risk that should be evaluated. The recent introduction of reversal strategies may help the management of GI bleeding in this subgroup of patients. In this review, we aimed to (1) summarize the epidemiology and risk factors for upper and lower GI bleeding, (2) describe treatment options with a focus on pharmacodynamics and pharmacokinetics of different proton pump inhibitors, and (3) provide an overview of the clinical management with flowcharts for risk stratification and treatment. In conclusion, GI is common in older patients and an early effective management may be helpful in the reduction of several complications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Danilo Menichelli
- Department of Clinical Internal, Anesthesiological and Cardiovascular Sciences, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
- Department of General Surgery and Surgical Specialty Paride Stefanini, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Gianluca Gazzaniga
- Department of Medical Biotechnology and Translational Medicine, Postgraduate School of Clinical Pharmacology and Toxicology, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - Francesco Del Sole
- Department of Clinical Internal, Anesthesiological and Cardiovascular Sciences, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Arianna Pani
- Department of Oncology and Hemato-Oncology, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - Pasquale Pignatelli
- Department of Clinical Internal, Anesthesiological and Cardiovascular Sciences, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Daniele Pastori
- Department of Clinical Internal, Anesthesiological and Cardiovascular Sciences, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
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21
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Shan J, Du L, Wang X, Zhang S, Li Y, Xue S, Tang Q, Liu P. Ultrasound Trigger Ce-Based MOF Nanoenzyme For Efficient Thrombolytic Therapy. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2024; 11:e2304441. [PMID: 38576170 PMCID: PMC11132072 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202304441] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2023] [Revised: 02/02/2024] [Indexed: 04/06/2024]
Abstract
The inflammatory damage caused by thrombus formation and dissolution can increase the risk of thrombotic complications on top of cell death and organ dysfunction caused by thrombus itself. Therefore, a rapid and precise thrombolytic therapy strategy is in urgent need to effectively dissolve thrombus and resist oxidation simultaneously. In this study, Ce-UiO-66, a cerium-based metal-organic framework (Ce-MOF) with reactive oxygen species (ROS) scavenging properties, encapsulated by low-immunogenic mesenchymal stem cell membrane with inflammation-targeting properties, is used to construct a targeted nanomedicine Ce-UiO-CM. Ce-UiO-CM is applied in combination with external ultrasound stimulation for thrombolytic therapy in rat femoral artery. Ce-UiO-66 has abundant Ce (III)/Ce (IV) coupling sites that react with hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) to produce oxygen, exhibiting catalase (CAT) activity. The multi-cavity structure of Ce-UiO-66 can generate electron holes, and its pore channels can act as micro-reactors to further enhance its ROS scavenging capacity. Additionally, the porous structure of Ce-UiO-66 and the oxygen produced by its reaction with H2O2 may enhance the cavitation effects of ultrasound, thereby improving thrombolysis efficacy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianggui Shan
- Department of Cardiovascular SurgeryReiji HospitalShanghai Jiao Tong University School of MedicineShanghai200127China
| | - Ling Du
- State Key Laboratory of Systems Medicine for CancerShanghai Cancer InstituteRenji HospitalSchool of MedicineShanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghai200032China
| | - Xingang Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Systems Medicine for CancerShanghai Cancer InstituteRenji HospitalSchool of MedicineShanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghai200032China
| | - Sidi Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Systems Medicine for CancerShanghai Cancer InstituteRenji HospitalSchool of MedicineShanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghai200032China
| | - Yiping Li
- State Key Laboratory of Systems Medicine for CancerShanghai Cancer InstituteRenji HospitalSchool of MedicineShanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghai200032China
- Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese MedicineShanghai201203China
| | - Song Xue
- Department of Cardiovascular SurgeryReiji HospitalShanghai Jiao Tong University School of MedicineShanghai200127China
| | - Qianyun Tang
- State Key Laboratory of Systems Medicine for CancerShanghai Cancer InstituteRenji HospitalSchool of MedicineShanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghai200032China
| | - Peifeng Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Systems Medicine for CancerShanghai Cancer InstituteRenji HospitalSchool of MedicineShanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghai200032China
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22
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Valgimigli M, Gragnano F, Branca M, Franzone A, da Costa BR, Baber U, Kimura T, Jang Y, Hahn JY, Zhao Q, Windecker S, Gibson CM, Watanabe H, Kim BK, Song YB, Zhu Y, Vranckx P, Mehta S, Ando K, Hong SJ, Gwon HC, Serruys PW, Dangas GD, McFadden EP, Angiolillo DJ, Heg D, Calabrò P, Jüni P, Mehran R. Ticagrelor or Clopidogrel Monotherapy vs Dual Antiplatelet Therapy After Percutaneous Coronary Intervention: A Systematic Review and Patient-Level Meta-Analysis. JAMA Cardiol 2024; 9:437-448. [PMID: 38506796 PMCID: PMC10955340 DOI: 10.1001/jamacardio.2024.0133] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2023] [Accepted: 01/13/2024] [Indexed: 03/21/2024]
Abstract
Importance Among patients undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI), it remains unclear whether the treatment efficacy of P2Y12 inhibitor monotherapy after a short course of dual antiplatelet therapy (DAPT) depends on the type of P2Y12 inhibitor. Objective To assess the risks and benefits of ticagrelor monotherapy or clopidogrel monotherapy compared with standard DAPT after PCI. Data Sources MEDLINE, Embase, TCTMD, and the European Society of Cardiology website were searched from inception to September 10, 2023, without language restriction. Study Selection Included studies were randomized clinical trials comparing P2Y12 inhibitor monotherapy with DAPT on adjudicated end points in patients without indication to oral anticoagulation undergoing PCI. Data Extraction and Synthesis Patient-level data provided by each trial were synthesized into a pooled dataset and analyzed using a 1-step mixed-effects model. The study is reported following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review and Meta-Analyses of Individual Participant Data. Main Outcomes and Measures The primary objective was to determine noninferiority of ticagrelor or clopidogrel monotherapy vs DAPT on the composite of death, myocardial infarction (MI), or stroke in the per-protocol analysis with a 1.15 margin for the hazard ratio (HR). Key secondary end points were major bleeding and net adverse clinical events (NACE), including the primary end point and major bleeding. Results Analyses included 6 randomized trials including 25 960 patients undergoing PCI, of whom 24 394 patients (12 403 patients receiving DAPT; 8292 patients receiving ticagrelor monotherapy; 3654 patients receiving clopidogrel monotherapy; 45 patients receiving prasugrel monotherapy) were retained in the per-protocol analysis. Trials of ticagrelor monotherapy were conducted in Asia, Europe, and North America; trials of clopidogrel monotherapy were all conducted in Asia. Ticagrelor was noninferior to DAPT for the primary end point (HR, 0.89; 95% CI, 0.74-1.06; P for noninferiority = .004), but clopidogrel was not noninferior (HR, 1.37; 95% CI, 1.01-1.87; P for noninferiority > .99), with this finding driven by noncardiovascular death. The risk of major bleeding was lower with both ticagrelor (HR, 0.47; 95% CI, 0.36-0.62; P < .001) and clopidogrel monotherapy (HR, 0.49; 95% CI, 0.30-0.81; P = .006; P for interaction = 0.88). NACE were lower with ticagrelor (HR, 0.74; 95% CI, 0.64-0.86, P < .001) but not with clopidogrel monotherapy (HR, 1.00; 95% CI, 0.78-1.28; P = .99; P for interaction = .04). Conclusions and Relevance This systematic review and meta-analysis found that ticagrelor monotherapy was noninferior to DAPT for all-cause death, MI, or stroke and superior for major bleeding and NACE. Clopidogrel monotherapy was similarly associated with reduced bleeding but was not noninferior to DAPT for all-cause death, MI, or stroke, largely because of risk observed in 1 trial that exclusively included East Asian patients and a hazard that was driven by an excess of noncardiovascular death.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marco Valgimigli
- Cardiocentro Ticino Institute, Ente Ospedaliero Cantonale, Lugano, Switzerland
- Department of Cardiology, Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Felice Gragnano
- Department of Translational Medical Sciences, University of Campania Luigi Vanvitelli, Caserta, Italy
| | - Mattia Branca
- Department of Clinical Research, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Anna Franzone
- Department of Advanced Biomedical Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - Bruno R. da Costa
- Clinical Trial Service Unit and Epidemiological Studies Unit, Nuffield Department of Population Health, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Usman Baber
- University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City
| | - Takeshi Kimura
- Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Yangsoo Jang
- CHA Bundang Medical Center, CHA University College of Medicine, Seongnam, Korea
| | - Joo-Yong Hahn
- Heart Vascular Stroke Institute, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Qiang Zhao
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Ruijin Hospital Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Stephan Windecker
- Department of Cardiology, Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Charles M. Gibson
- Division of Cardiology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Hirotoshi Watanabe
- Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Byeong-Keuk Kim
- Severance Cardiovascular Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Young Bin Song
- Heart Vascular Stroke Institute, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Yunpeng Zhu
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Ruijin Hospital Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Pascal Vranckx
- Department of Cardiology and Critical Care Medicine, Hartcentrum Hasselt, Jessa Ziekenhuis, Belgium
| | - Shamir Mehta
- Department of Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, Canada
- Hamilton Health Sciences, Hamilton, Canada
| | - Kenji Ando
- Kokura Memorial Hospital, Department of Cardiology, Kitakyushu, Japan
| | - Sung Jin Hong
- Severance Cardiovascular Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Hyeon-Cheol Gwon
- Heart Vascular Stroke Institute, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | | | | | - Eùgene P. McFadden
- Cardialysis Core Laboratories and Clinical Trial Management, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
- Department of Cardiology, Cork University Hospital, Cork, Ireland
| | | | - Dik Heg
- Department of Clinical Research, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Paolo Calabrò
- Department of Translational Medical Sciences, University of Campania Luigi Vanvitelli, Caserta, Italy
| | - Peter Jüni
- Clinical Trial Service Unit and Epidemiological Studies Unit, Nuffield Department of Population Health, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Roxana Mehran
- Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York
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23
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Ørskov M, Skjøth F, Behrendt CA, Nicolajsen CW, Eldrup N, Søgaard M. External Validation of the OAC 3-PAD Bleeding Score in a Nationwide Population of Patients Undergoing Invasive Treatment for Peripheral Arterial Disease. Eur J Vasc Endovasc Surg 2024; 67:621-629. [PMID: 38056523 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejvs.2023.12.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2023] [Revised: 10/30/2023] [Accepted: 12/01/2023] [Indexed: 12/08/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The OAC3-PAD score was developed to predict bleeding risk in patients with lower extremity peripheral arterial disease (PAD), but its performance in concomitant international cohorts is largely unknown. This study aimed to validate the OAC3-PAD score in an unselected nationwide population of patients undergoing invasive treatment for symptomatic PAD. METHODS This was a nationwide cohort study including all patients who underwent a first revascularisation procedure or major amputation for symptomatic PAD in Denmark from 2000 - 2021. The study population was stratified based on OAC3-PAD score, and the one year risk of major bleeding was assessed, accounting for the competing risk of death. The score performance was evaluated using calibration plots, C statistic, Brier score, and the index of prediction accuracy (IPA). RESULTS A total of 52 016 patients were included (mean age 71 years, 43.8% female). The one year risk of major bleeding increased with higher OAC3-PAD score, ranging from 1.6% (95% confidence interval [CI] 1.4 - 1.8%) to 2.3% (95% CI 2.0 - 2.5%), 3.5% (95% CI 3.2 - 3.8%), and 5.2% (95% CI 4.8 - 5.6%) for patients with low, low moderate, moderate high, and high score, respectively. Using patients with low risk as reference, the OAC3-PAD score effectively categorised patients, demonstrating statistically significant differences in bleeding risk across strata. However, the score showed modest discriminative performance, with a C statistic of 65% (95% CI 63 - 66%) and a Brier score of 2.6% (95% CI 2.5 - 2.7%). Nevertheless, it performed significantly better than the null model, as indicated by an IPA of 3.1%. CONCLUSION Among patients who underwent invasive treatment for symptomatic PAD in routine care, the OAC3-PAD score was associated with greater risk of major bleeding with increasing score level. However, its discriminatory ability was modest, and the clinical utility remains to be determined.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marie Ørskov
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Health, Aalborg University, Aalborg, Denmark; Department of Ophthalmology, Aalborg University Hospital, Aalborg, Denmark.
| | - Flemming Skjøth
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Health, Aalborg University, Aalborg, Denmark; Research Data and Biostatistics, Aalborg University Hospital, Aalborg, Denmark
| | - Christian-Alexander Behrendt
- Department of Vascular and Endovascular Surgery, Asklepios Clinic Wandsbek, Asklepios Medical School, Hamburg, Germany; Brandenburg Medical School Theodor Fontane, Neuruppin, Germany
| | - Chalotte W Nicolajsen
- Department of Surgery, Unit of Vascular Surgery, Regional Hospital Viborg, Viborg, Denmark
| | - Nikolaj Eldrup
- Department of Vascular Surgery, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen University, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Mette Søgaard
- Danish Centre for Health Services Research, Department of Clinical Medicine, Aalborg University and Aalborg University Hospital, Aalborg, Denmark
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24
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Liu W, Li Z, Yang T, A G, Sun H, Liu H, Song X, Jin Z, Li L, Li Y, Hao Y, Liu J, Zhao D, Zhou X, Yang Q. Association Between Platelet Glycoprotein IIb/IIIa Inhibition and In-Hospital Outcomes in ST-Elevation Myocardial Infarction Patients Treated with Coronary Thrombus Aspiration: Findings from the CCC-ACS Project. Cardiovasc Drugs Ther 2024; 38:315-325. [PMID: 36342561 DOI: 10.1007/s10557-022-07398-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Thrombus aspiration in ST-elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) with high thrombus burden did not improve clinical outcomes. The clinical efficacy of the bailout use of platelet glycoprotein IIb/IIIa inhibitors (GPIs) in this clinical scenario remains unknown. METHODS We assessed associations between GPI use and in-hospital major bleeds, ischemic events, and mortality among STEMI patients treated with percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) and thrombus aspiration in a nationwide acute coronary syndrome registry (the Improving Care for Cardiovascular Disease in China-Acute Coronary Syndrome project). RESULTS A total of 5896 STEMI patients who received thrombus aspiration were identified, among which 56.3% received GPI therapy. In a 1-to-1 propensity-score-matched cohort, compared with STEMI patients not treated with GPI, GPI use was associated with a 69% increase in major in-hospital bleeds, with an odds ratio (OR) of 1.69, a 95% confidence interval (CI) of 1.08 to 2.65, and a nonsignificant reduction in ischemic events (OR: 0.61, 95% CI: 0.36 to 1.06), as well as a neutral effect on mortality (OR: 0.93, 95% CI: 0.55 to 1.58). However, among patients aged < 60 years, GPI use was associated with a reduction in ischemic events (OR: 0.27, 95% CI: 0.08 to 0.98), and no significant increase in major bleeds was observed. CONCLUSION In a nationwide registry, routine use of GPI following thrombus aspiration was not associated with reduced in-hospital ischemic events and mortality but at the cost of increased major bleeding. However, for patients aged < 60 years, there may be a potential net benefit.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wennan Liu
- Department of Cardiology, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, 154, Anshan Road, Heping District, 154, Anshan Road, Heping District, Tianjin, 300052, China
| | - Ziping Li
- Department of Cardiology, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, 154, Anshan Road, Heping District, 154, Anshan Road, Heping District, Tianjin, 300052, China
| | - Tianqi Yang
- Department of Cardiology, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, 154, Anshan Road, Heping District, 154, Anshan Road, Heping District, Tianjin, 300052, China
| | - Geru A
- Department of Cardiology, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, 154, Anshan Road, Heping District, 154, Anshan Road, Heping District, Tianjin, 300052, China
| | - Haonan Sun
- Department of Cardiology, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, 154, Anshan Road, Heping District, 154, Anshan Road, Heping District, Tianjin, 300052, China
| | - Hangkuan Liu
- Department of Cardiology, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, 154, Anshan Road, Heping District, 154, Anshan Road, Heping District, Tianjin, 300052, China
| | - Xiwen Song
- Department of Cardiology, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, 154, Anshan Road, Heping District, 154, Anshan Road, Heping District, Tianjin, 300052, China
| | - Zhengyang Jin
- Department of Cardiology, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, 154, Anshan Road, Heping District, 154, Anshan Road, Heping District, Tianjin, 300052, China
| | - Linjie Li
- Department of Cardiology, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, 154, Anshan Road, Heping District, 154, Anshan Road, Heping District, Tianjin, 300052, China
| | - Yongle Li
- Department of Cardiology, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, 154, Anshan Road, Heping District, 154, Anshan Road, Heping District, Tianjin, 300052, China
| | - Yongchen Hao
- Department of Epidemiology, the Key Laboratory of Remodeling-Related Cardiovascular Diseases, Ministry of Education, Beijing Municipal Key Laboratory of Clinical Epidemiology, Beijing Institute of Heart, Lung and Blood Vessel Diseases, Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Jing Liu
- Department of Epidemiology, the Key Laboratory of Remodeling-Related Cardiovascular Diseases, Ministry of Education, Beijing Municipal Key Laboratory of Clinical Epidemiology, Beijing Institute of Heart, Lung and Blood Vessel Diseases, Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Dong Zhao
- Department of Epidemiology, the Key Laboratory of Remodeling-Related Cardiovascular Diseases, Ministry of Education, Beijing Municipal Key Laboratory of Clinical Epidemiology, Beijing Institute of Heart, Lung and Blood Vessel Diseases, Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Xin Zhou
- Department of Cardiology, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, 154, Anshan Road, Heping District, 154, Anshan Road, Heping District, Tianjin, 300052, China.
| | - Qing Yang
- Department of Cardiology, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, 154, Anshan Road, Heping District, 154, Anshan Road, Heping District, Tianjin, 300052, China.
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25
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Sokolski M, Reszka K, Adamik B, Kilis-Pstrusinska K, Lis W, Pomorski M, Sokolowski J, Doroszko A, Madziarska K, Jankowska EA, Protasiewicz M. Antiplatelet therapy prior to COVID-19 infection impacts on patients mortality: a propensity score-matched cohort study. Sci Rep 2024; 14:4832. [PMID: 38413716 PMCID: PMC10899234 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-55407-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2023] [Accepted: 02/22/2024] [Indexed: 02/29/2024] Open
Abstract
One of the major pathomechanisms of COVID-19 is the interplay of hyperinflammation and disruptions in coagulation processes, involving thrombocytes. Antiplatelet therapy (AP) by anti-inflammatory effect and inhibition of platelet aggregation may affect these pathways. The aim of this study was to investigate if AP has an impact on the in-hospital course and medium-term outcomes in hospitalized COVID-19 patients. The study population (2170 COVID-19 patients: mean ± SD age 60 ± 19 years old, 50% male) was divided into a group of 274 patients receiving any AP prior to COVID-19 infection (AP group), and after propensity score matching, a group of 274 patients without previous AP (non-AP group). Patients from the AP group were less frequently hospitalized in the intensive care unit: 9% vs. 15%, 0.55 (0.33-0.94), developed less often shock: 9% vs. 15%, 0.56 (0.33-0.96), and required less aggressive forms of therapy. The AP group had more coronary revascularizations: 5% vs. 1%, 3.48 (2.19-5.55) and strokes/TIA: 5% vs. 1%, 3.63 (1.18-11.2). The bleeding rate was comparable: 7% vs. 7%, 1.06 (0.54-2.06). The patients from the AP group had lower 3-month mortality: 31% vs. 39%, 0.69 (0.51-0.93) and didn't differ significantly in 6-month mortality: 34% vs. 41%, 0.79 (0.60-1.04). When analyzing the subgroup with a history of myocardial infarction and/or coronary revascularization and/or previous stroke/transient ischemic attack and/or peripheral artery disease, AP had a beneficial effect on both 3-month: 37% vs. 56%, 0.58 (0.40-0.86) and 6-month mortality: 42% vs. 57%, 0.63 (0.44-0.92). Moreover, the favourable effect was highly noticeable in this subgroup where acetylsalicylic acid was continued during hospitalization with reduction of in-hospital: 19% vs. 43%, 0.31 (0.15-0.67), 3-month: 30% vs. 54%, 044 (0.26-0.75) and 6-month mortality: 33% vs. 54%, 0.49 (0.29-0.82) when confronted with the subgroup who had acetylsalicylic acid suspension during hospitalization. The AP may have a beneficial impact on hospital course and mortality in COVID-19 and shouldn't be discontinued, especially in high-risk patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mateusz Sokolski
- Institute of Heart Disease, Wroclaw Medical University, Borowska 213, 50-556, Wroclaw, Poland.
- Institute of Heart Disease, University Hospital, Wroclaw, Poland.
| | - Konrad Reszka
- Institute of Heart Disease, University Hospital, Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Barbara Adamik
- Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Therapy, Wroclaw Medical University, Wroclaw, Poland
| | | | - Weronika Lis
- Institute of Heart Disease, University Hospital, Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Michał Pomorski
- Clinical Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Wroclaw Medical University, Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Janusz Sokolowski
- Clinical Department of Emergency Medicine, Wroclaw Medical University, Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Adrian Doroszko
- Clinical Department of Internal and Occupational Diseases, Hypertension and Clinical Oncology, Wroclaw Medical University, Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Katarzyna Madziarska
- Department of Nephrology and Transplantation Medicine, Wroclaw Medical University, Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Ewa Anita Jankowska
- Institute of Heart Disease, Wroclaw Medical University, Borowska 213, 50-556, Wroclaw, Poland
- Institute of Heart Disease, University Hospital, Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Marcin Protasiewicz
- Institute of Heart Disease, Wroclaw Medical University, Borowska 213, 50-556, Wroclaw, Poland
- Institute of Heart Disease, University Hospital, Wroclaw, Poland
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Rodrigues DA, Herdeiro MT, Mateos-Campos R, Figueiras A, Roque F. Magnitude and Determinants of Long-term Use of Proton Pump Inhibitors Among Portuguese Older Adults in Primary Health Care. Clin Ther 2024; 46:e54-e58. [PMID: 38061931 DOI: 10.1016/j.clinthera.2023.11.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2023] [Revised: 11/14/2023] [Accepted: 11/14/2023] [Indexed: 02/27/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE Proton Pump Inhibitors (PPIs) have been associated with several adverse effects of particular concern in older populations. Their use for a period longer than 8 weeks is not recommended for older adults. Strategies to discontinue PPIs have been offered; however, their use remains high. This study aims to characterize PPI use in Portuguese older people and to identify the factors associated with potentially inappropriate use. METHODS A cross-sectional study was conducted on 1200 randomly selected older adults (≥65 years of age), users of primary health care facilities in the Regional Health Administration (Administração Regional de Saúde of Centro [ARSC]) of Portugal between April 2021 and August 2022. Data concerning their characteristics and PPI use were provided by the Shared Services of the Health Ministry (Serviços Partilhados do Ministério da Saúde) and collected retrospectively. Associations between independent variables and PPI use were investigated by logistic regression analysis. FINDINGS Of the older adults, 37.92% were receiving PPIs and 78.68% of them were taking them for a longer period than recommended; 49.79% were taking PPIs without having any digestive system-related disease. Multivariate analysis showed that the prolonged use of PPIs was not associated with any specific pattern, although inappropriate PPI use is high among Portuguese older adults. IMPLICATIONS Long-term PPI use in older adults is widespread and does not fit any particular patient profile; therefore, cross-cutting educational interventions should be designed independently of the patient's pathologic condition or treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniela A Rodrigues
- Research Laboratory on Epidemiology and Population Health, Polytechnic of Guarda (IPG), 6300-559, Guarda, Portugal; Health Sciences Research Centre, University of Beira Interior (CICS-UBI), 6200-506, Covilhã, Portugal; PhD Student, University of Salamanca, 37007, Salamanca, Spain
| | - Maria Teresa Herdeiro
- Department of Medical Sciences, Institute of Biomedicine (iBiMED), University of Aveiro, 3810-193, Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Ramona Mateos-Campos
- Area of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, Department of Biomedical and Diagnostic Sciences, University of Salamanca, 37007, Salamanca, Spain
| | - Adolfo Figueiras
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, University of Santiago de Compostela, 15702, Santiago de Compostela, Spain; Health Research Institute of Santiago de Compostela (IDIS), 15706, Santiago de Compostela, Spain; Consortium for Biomedical Research in Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBER Epidemiology and Public Health-CIBERESP), 28001, Madrid, Spain
| | - Fátima Roque
- Research Laboratory on Epidemiology and Population Health, Polytechnic of Guarda (IPG), 6300-559, Guarda, Portugal; Health Sciences Research Centre, University of Beira Interior (CICS-UBI), 6200-506, Covilhã, Portugal.
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Kneiseler G, Dechêne A. [Gastrointestinal bleeding in old age]. Z Gerontol Geriatr 2024; 57:59-70. [PMID: 38108897 DOI: 10.1007/s00391-023-02258-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2023] [Accepted: 07/25/2023] [Indexed: 12/19/2023]
Abstract
Gastrointestinal bleeding is a frequent symptom, with increasing age as a risk factor. Upper, middle and lower gastrointestinal bleeding are differentiated depending on the location, whereby only upper and lower gastrointestinal bleeding are elucidated in this article. The symptomatology varies depending on the localization of the bleeding. German and international clinical guidelines currently exist for the preclinical and clinical management of gastrointestinal bleeding. The main focus of the article is on pre-endoscopic management of upper gastrointestinal nonvariceal and variceal bleeding, including the risk stratification, transfusion and coagulation management as well as the initial pharmacological treatment. In addition, current developments in endoscopic and interventional treatment of gastrointestinal bleeding are highlighted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guntje Kneiseler
- Medizinische Klinik 6 (Schwerpunkte Gastroenterologie, Hepatologie, Endokrinologie und Ernährungsmedizin) am Klinikum Nürnberg, Universitätsklinik der Paracelsus Medizinischen Privatuniversität Nürnberg, Prof.-Ernst-Nathan-Str. 1, 90419, Nürnberg, Deutschland
| | - Alexander Dechêne
- Medizinische Klinik 6 (Schwerpunkte Gastroenterologie, Hepatologie, Endokrinologie und Ernährungsmedizin) am Klinikum Nürnberg, Universitätsklinik der Paracelsus Medizinischen Privatuniversität Nürnberg, Prof.-Ernst-Nathan-Str. 1, 90419, Nürnberg, Deutschland.
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28
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Schmidbauer M, Wischmann J, Dimitriadis K, Kellert L. [Secondary prophylaxis of ischemic stroke]. INNERE MEDIZIN (HEIDELBERG, GERMANY) 2023; 64:1171-1183. [PMID: 37947810 DOI: 10.1007/s00108-023-01615-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/29/2023] [Indexed: 11/12/2023]
Abstract
The secondary prophylaxis of ischemic stroke provides an enormous therapeutic potential due to the high frequency of recurrent thrombembolic events and the exceptional importance of modifiable cardiovascular risk factors for the individual risk of stroke. In this respect, anti-thrombotic, interventional and surgical treatment options must be selected based on the respective etiology. Furthermore, meticulous optimization of risk factors is essential for effective long-term care. Close interdisciplinary and intersectoral collaboration is crucial, especially in the long-term treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Moritz Schmidbauer
- Klinik und Poliklinik für Neurologie, Klinikum der Universität München, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Marchioninistr. 15, 81377, München, Deutschland.
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Li DK, Laine L, Shung DL. Trends in Upper Gastrointestinal Bleeding in Patients on Primary Prevention Aspirin: A Nationwide Emergency Department Sample Analysis, 2016-2020. Am J Med 2023; 136:1179-1186.e1. [PMID: 37696350 PMCID: PMC10841721 DOI: 10.1016/j.amjmed.2023.08.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2023] [Revised: 08/02/2023] [Accepted: 08/03/2023] [Indexed: 09/13/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Recent guidelines do not recommend routine use of aspirin for primary cardiovascular prevention (ppASA) and suggest avoidance of ppASA in older individuals due to bleeding risk. However, ppASA is frequently taken without an appropriate indication. Estimates of the incidence of upper gastrointestinal bleeding due to ppASA in the United States are lacking. In this study, we provide national estimates of upper gastrointestinal bleeding incidence, characteristics, and costs in ppASA users from 2016-2020. METHODS Primary cardiovascular prevention users (patients on long-term aspirin therapy without cardiovascular disease) presenting with upper gastrointestinal bleeding were identified in the Nationwide Emergency Department Sample using International Statistical Classification of Diseases and Related Health Problems, 10th revision codes. Trends in upper gastrointestinal bleeding incidence, etiology, severity, associated Medicare reimbursements, and the impact of ppASA on bleeding outcomes were assessed with regression models. RESULTS From 2016-2020, adjusted incidence of upper gastrointestinal bleeding increased 29.2% among ppASA users, with larger increases for older patients (increase of 41.6% for age 65-74 years and 36.0% for age ≥75 years). The most common etiology among ppASA users was ulcer disease but increases in bleeding incidence due to angiodysplasias were observed. The proportion of hospitalizations with major complications or comorbidities increased 41.5%, and Medicare reimbursements increased 67.6%. Among patients without cardiovascular disease, ppASA was associated with increased odds of hospital admission, red blood cell transfusion, and endoscopic intervention as compared to no ppASA use. CONCLUSIONS Considering recent guideline recommendations, the rising incidence, severity, and costs associated with upper gastrointestinal bleeding among patients on ppASA highlights the importance of careful assessment for appropriate ppASA use.
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Affiliation(s)
- Darrick K Li
- Section of Digestive Diseases, Department of Medicine, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, Conn
| | - Loren Laine
- Section of Digestive Diseases, Department of Medicine, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, Conn; VA Connecticut Healthcare System, West Haven, Conn
| | - Dennis L Shung
- Section of Digestive Diseases, Department of Medicine, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, Conn.
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Song J, Kang X, Wang L, Ding D, Kong D, Li W, Qi J. Near-infrared-II photoacoustic imaging and photo-triggered synergistic treatment of thrombosis via fibrin-specific homopolymer nanoparticles. Nat Commun 2023; 14:6881. [PMID: 37898604 PMCID: PMC10613240 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-42691-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2023] [Accepted: 10/18/2023] [Indexed: 10/30/2023] Open
Abstract
The formation of an occlusive thrombus in the blood vessel is the main culprit for numerous life-threatening cardiovascular diseases that represent the leading cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide. Herein, we develop a polymer nanoplatform that integrates long-wavelength second near-infrared (NIR-II) photoacoustic imaging-based thrombosis detection and antithrombotic activity. We design and synthesize a semiconducting homopolymer with strong absorption in the NIR-II region and molecular motion that boosts photothermal conversion and photoacoustic signal. We dope the homopolymer with a thermosensitive nitric oxide donor to formulate a nanoplatform, on which a fibrin-specific ligand is functionalized to ensure selective thrombus targeting. We show that with strong NIR-II light harvesting capability, bright photoacoustic signal and active thrombus accumulation ability, the NIR-II photoacoustic nanoprobes are able to sensitively and selectively delineate thrombi. We find that the nanoplatform also displays rapid and efficient blood clot removal activity with nearly complete blood flow restoration in both carotid thrombosis models and low extremity arterial thrombosis models under NIR-II light trigger by integrating a thrombus-localized photothermal effect and on-demand nitric oxide release. This nanoplatform offers a versatile approach for the diagnosis and treatment of life-threatening diseases caused by various thrombotic disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianwen Song
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, Key Laboratory of Bioactive Materials, Ministry of Education, Frontiers Science Center for Cell Responses, and College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, China
| | - Xiaoying Kang
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, Key Laboratory of Bioactive Materials, Ministry of Education, Frontiers Science Center for Cell Responses, and College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, China
| | - Lu Wang
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Biomedical Materials and Key Laboratory of Biomaterials and Nanotechnology for Cancer Immunotherapy, Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin, 300192, China
| | - Dan Ding
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, Key Laboratory of Bioactive Materials, Ministry of Education, Frontiers Science Center for Cell Responses, and College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, China
| | - Deling Kong
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, Key Laboratory of Bioactive Materials, Ministry of Education, Frontiers Science Center for Cell Responses, and College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, China.
| | - Wen Li
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Biomedical Materials and Key Laboratory of Biomaterials and Nanotechnology for Cancer Immunotherapy, Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin, 300192, China.
| | - Ji Qi
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, Key Laboratory of Bioactive Materials, Ministry of Education, Frontiers Science Center for Cell Responses, and College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, China.
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Savonitto S, Montalto C, De Servi S. Gastrointestinal bleeding, a preventable cause of hospital admission: Time for specific studies in patients on antithrombotic therapy. Eur J Intern Med 2023; 116:38-40. [PMID: 37517937 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejim.2023.07.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2023] [Accepted: 07/26/2023] [Indexed: 08/01/2023]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Claudio Montalto
- De Gasperis Cardio Center, Interventional Cardiology Unit, Niguarda Hospital, Milan, Italy
| | - Stefano De Servi
- Department of Molecular Medicine, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
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Nakamura K, Nagai M, Matsumoto I, Satoi S, Motoi F, Kawai M, Hosouchi Y, Higuchi R, Mizuno S, Ohtsuka T, Akahoshi K, Hakamada K, Unno M, Yamaue H, Nakamura M, Endo I, Sho M. Impact of antithrombotic therapy on postpancreatectomy hemorrhage in 7116 patients: A project study by the Japanese Society of Hepato-Biliary-Pancreatic Surgery. JOURNAL OF HEPATO-BILIARY-PANCREATIC SCIENCES 2023; 30:1161-1171. [PMID: 37658660 DOI: 10.1002/jhbp.1349] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2023] [Revised: 05/07/2023] [Accepted: 05/16/2023] [Indexed: 09/03/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND We previously reported an association between antithrombotic therapy and an increased risk of postpancreatectomy hemorrhage (PPH). To validate our findings, we conducted a large-scale multicenter retrospective study from 63 high-volume centers in Japan. METHODS Between 2015 and 2018, 7116 patients who underwent pancreatectomy were enrolled. The antithrombotic group consisted of 920 patients (12.9%) who received preoperative antithrombotic agents including aspirin, clopidogrel, ticlopidine, prasugrel, warfarin, and direct oral anticoagulants. RESULTS PPH occurred in 235 (3.3%) of the patients. The incidence of PPH and mortality were significantly higher in the antithrombotic group than in the control group (5.7 vs. 3.0% and 2.2 vs. 0.9%, respectively; both p < .001). In multivariate analysis, a history of antithrombotic use was an independent risk factor for grade C PPH (p = .036). In the antithrombotic group, PPH tended to be delayed in the patients with restarting antithrombotic therapy. Notably, the occurrence of delayed PPH after restarting antithrombotic therapy was observed only when antithrombotic therapy was restarted within 10 days after pancreatectomy. CONCLUSIONS This multicenter study demonstrated that a history of antithrombotic use was a significant risk factor for PPH and mortality. In particular, the resumption of antithrombotic therapy in the early postoperative period should be done with caution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kota Nakamura
- Department of Surgery, Nara Medical University, Nara, Japan
| | - Minako Nagai
- Department of Surgery, Nara Medical University, Nara, Japan
| | - Ippei Matsumoto
- Department of Surgery, Kindai University Faculty of Medicine, Osaka, Japan
| | - Sohei Satoi
- Department of Surgery, Kansai Medical University, Osaka, Japan
| | - Fuyuhiko Motoi
- Department of Surgery, Yamagata University Graduate School of Medical Science, Yamagata, Japan
| | - Manabu Kawai
- Second Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, Wakayama Medical University, Wakayama, Japan
| | - Yasuo Hosouchi
- Department of Surgery, Gunma Saiseikai Maebashi Hospital, Maebashi, Japan
| | - Ryota Higuchi
- Department of Surgery, Institute of Gastroenterology, Tokyo Women's Medical University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Shugo Mizuno
- Department of Hepatobiliary Pancreatic and Transplant Surgery, Mie University Graduate School of Medicine, Mie, Japan
| | - Takao Ohtsuka
- Department of Digestive Surgery, Breast and Thyroid Surgery, Kagoshima University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Kagoshima, Japan
| | - Keiichi Akahoshi
- Department of Hepatobiliary-Pancreatic Surgery, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kenichi Hakamada
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Hirosaki University Graduate School of Medicine, Aomori, Japan
| | - Michiaki Unno
- Department of Surgery, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan
| | - Hiroki Yamaue
- Second Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, Wakayama Medical University, Wakayama, Japan
| | - Masafumi Nakamura
- Department of Surgery and Oncology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
- Project Committee, Japanese Society of Hepato-Biliary-Pancreatic Surgery, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Itaru Endo
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Yokohama City University Graduate School of Medicine, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Masayuki Sho
- Department of Surgery, Nara Medical University, Nara, Japan
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Park JI, Lee SJ, Hong YJ, Yoo SY, Seo YS, Im E, Park JK, Lee JB, Lee YJ, Hong SJ, Ahn CM, Kim JS, Ko YG, Choi D, Hong MK, Kim BK. Efficacy of Percutaneous Coronary Intervention With Synergy Stents in Patients Aged ≥75 Years: 1-Year Clinical Outcomes from the Synergy Elderly Registry. Am J Cardiol 2023; 204:43-52. [PMID: 37536204 DOI: 10.1016/j.amjcard.2023.07.094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2023] [Revised: 07/13/2023] [Accepted: 07/14/2023] [Indexed: 08/05/2023]
Abstract
Data regarding the clinical outcomes of older patients after Synergy everolimus-eluting stent (S-EES) implantation are limited. This study investigated the 12-month clinical outcomes of older patients who underwent percutaneous coronary intervention with new-generation drug-eluting stents according to ischemic risks. This prospective multicenter study targeted patients aged ≥75 years who underwent S-EES implantation. The primary and secondary end points included 12-month device-oriented composite end point (DOCE) (cardiovascular death, target vessel myocardial infarction, or target lesion revascularization) and major adverse cardiac and cerebrovascular events (MACCEs; all-cause death, myocardial infarction, target vessel revascularization, stent thrombosis, or stroke), respectively. A stratified analysis was conducted according to high-ischemic risk (HIR), defined as complex coronary intervention (number of stents implanted ≥3, total stented length >60 mm, chronic total occlusion, left main, or bifurcation), diabetes, or chronic kidney disease. In total, 650 enrolled patients aged ≥75 years were categorized into HIR (n = 425) and non-HIR groups (n = 225). In the total population, the 1-year incidence of DOCEs was 2.5%. The rates of DOCEs were not significantly different between the HIR and the non-HIR groups, whereas the MACCE rate was higher in the HIR (9.4%) than the non-HIR group (4.9%, p = 0.035), and the DOCE and MACCE components did not differ significantly in the occurrence between the groups. The independent predictors for the DOCEs or MACCEs included age, anemia, or left ventricular ejection fraction <40%. In conclusion, in older patients, S-EES implantation demonstrated favorable device-related outcomes, regardless of procedural complexity or co-morbidities. However, it requires careful attention because older patients with HIR are associated with worse clinical outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jong-Il Park
- Division of Cardiology, Severance Cardiovascular Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea; Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Yeungnam University College of Medicine, Daegu, South Korea
| | - Seung-Jun Lee
- Division of Cardiology, Severance Cardiovascular Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Young-Joon Hong
- Division of Cardiology, Heart Center of Chonnam National University Hospital, Gwangju, South Korea
| | - Sang-Yong Yoo
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Gangneung Asan Hospital, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Gangneung, South Korea
| | - Yong-Sung Seo
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Myongji Hospital, Hanyang University College of Medicine, Goyang, South Korea
| | - Eui Im
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Yongin Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Yongin, South Korea
| | - Jong-Kwan Park
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, National Health Insurance Service Ilsan Hospital, Goyang, South Korea
| | - Jin-Bae Lee
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Daegu Catholic University Medical Center, Daegu, South Korea
| | - Yong-Joon Lee
- Division of Cardiology, Severance Cardiovascular Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Sung-Jin Hong
- Division of Cardiology, Severance Cardiovascular Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Chul-Min Ahn
- Division of Cardiology, Severance Cardiovascular Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Jung-Sun Kim
- Division of Cardiology, Severance Cardiovascular Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Young-Guk Ko
- Division of Cardiology, Severance Cardiovascular Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Donghoon Choi
- Division of Cardiology, Severance Cardiovascular Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Myeong-Ki Hong
- Division of Cardiology, Severance Cardiovascular Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Byeong-Keuk Kim
- Division of Cardiology, Severance Cardiovascular Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea.
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Kiattiweerasak A, Bongkotvirawan P, Aumpan N, Yamaoka Y, Miftahussurur M, Vilaichone RK. Predictive factors and prognosis of upper gastrointestinal bleeding in gastric cancer: A large population-based study (UGIB-GC trial). PLoS One 2023; 18:e0291926. [PMID: 37729185 PMCID: PMC10511075 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0291926] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2023] [Accepted: 09/10/2023] [Indexed: 09/22/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Gastric cancer remains the fourth leading cause of cancer-related death worldwide. Significant number of gastric cancer patients presented with bleeding. OBJECTIVE This study aimed to identify risk factors and overall survival rates of bleeding gastric cancer patients. METHODS This retrospective cohort study was conducted between 2007-2022 at tertiary care center in Thailand. Clinical information, endoscopic findings and histological type were extensively reviewed and were compared between bleeders and non-bleeders. Patients were monitored for at least 5 years. RESULTS There were 20,981 patients who underwent upper gastrointestinal endoscopy during study period. Total of 201 gastric cancer patients were included in this study, 21 were excluded due to incomplete medical records. 180 gastric cancer patients were included with mean age of 60.5±14.3 years. There were 65 (36.1%) patients with gastrointestinal bleeding. Hypertension and chronic kidney disease were significantly more common in bleeders than non-bleeders (43.1% vs 23.5%, OR2.51, 95%CI 1.14.-5.52, p = 0.022; and 16.9% vs 5.2%, OR2.00, 95%CI 1.56-6.63, p = 0.025, respectively). current H. pylori infection was also significantly more common in bleeders than non-bleeders (84.6% vs. 55.7%, OR 4.39, 95%CI 1.90-10.12, p<0.001). Median overall survival of bleeders was significantly lower than non-bleeders (7±0.93 vs 10±2.10 months, p = 0.001). CONCLUSIONS Bleeding gastric cancer was not an uncommon condition. Majority of patients presented at advanced stage with grave prognosis. Male gender, hypertension, chronic kidney disease, and current H. pylori infection were reliable predictors for bleeding. Early diagnosis and prompt treatment are the key to improve clinical outcome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anya Kiattiweerasak
- Gastroenterology and Hepatology Center, Chulabhorn Hospital, Chulabhorn Royal Academy, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Phubordee Bongkotvirawan
- Center of Excellence in Digestive Diseases and Gastroenterology Unit, Department of Medicine, Thammasat University, Pathumthani, Thailand
| | - Natsuda Aumpan
- Center of Excellence in Digestive Diseases and Gastroenterology Unit, Department of Medicine, Thammasat University, Pathumthani, Thailand
- Chulabhorn International College of Medicine (CICM) at Thammasat University, Pathumthani, Thailand
| | - Yoshio Yamaoka
- Department of Environmental and Preventive Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Oita University, Yufu, Japan
- Research Center for Global and Local Infectious Diseases, Oita University, Yufu, Japan
- Department of Medicine, Gastroenterology and Hepatology Section, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, United States of America
| | - Muhammad Miftahussurur
- Division of Gastroentero-Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya, Indonesia
| | - Ratha-korn Vilaichone
- Center of Excellence in Digestive Diseases and Gastroenterology Unit, Department of Medicine, Thammasat University, Pathumthani, Thailand
- Chulabhorn International College of Medicine (CICM) at Thammasat University, Pathumthani, Thailand
- Division of Gastroentero-Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya, Indonesia
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Miao T, Yu J, Shen Q, Feng G, Ding H, Gao Y, Shen S, Zang Y, Chen X, Zheng X. Grip strength affects the association between platelet count and disability-free survival: Evidence from the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study. Arch Gerontol Geriatr 2023; 112:105026. [PMID: 37062186 DOI: 10.1016/j.archger.2023.105026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2023] [Revised: 04/01/2023] [Accepted: 04/10/2023] [Indexed: 04/18/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS Previous studies found elevated platelet count (PLT), especially long-term persist high or increased PLT was associated with less likelihood disability-free survival (DFS). However, whether grip strength affects the relationship between them is still not elucidated. METHODS A total of 6252 participants were recruited in the analysis based on the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study. The primary outcome was DFS, evaluated by a composite endpoint based on the first occurrence of either disability (having difficulty in at least one of the 6 activities of daily living: namely, dressing, bathing, continence, eating, getting into or out of bed, and toileting) or all-cause mortality. RESULTS The association of PLT with primary outcome was significantly modified by grip strength (pinteraction = 0.022). The rates of primary outcome were significantly lower among participants with lower baseline PLT in participants with normal grip strength (multivariable odds ratio [OR], 0.67; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.54-0.84; ptrend < 0.001), but not in those with low grip strength (multivariable OR, 1.70; 95% CI, 0.88-3.15; ptrend = 0.135), for the lowest quartile vs the highest quartile. Adding baseline PLT (quartiles or continuous) to a model containing conventional risk factors significantly improved risk reclassification for primary outcome among those with normal grip strength (most of p < 0.05). CONCLUSION An inverse dose-response association of PLT with DFS was found among participants with normal grip strength, but not among those with low grip strength. Low grip strength might weaken the benefit of low PLT on DFS among middle-aged and older Chinese.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tongtong Miao
- Department of Pharmacy, Nantong First People's Hospital, Second Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, 666 Shengli Road, Chongchuan District, Nantong, Jiangsu Province 226006, China
| | - Jia Yu
- Department of Acute Infectious Disease Control and Immunization Program, Wuzhong Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215000, China
| | - Qian Shen
- Department of Chronic Non-Communicable Disease Control, The Affiliated Wuxi Center for Disease Control and Prevention of Nanjing Medical University, Wuxi Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214023, China
| | - Guijuan Feng
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Kangda College of Nanjing Medical University, The Affiliated Lianyungang Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, The First People's Hospital of Lianyungang, Lianyungang, Jiangsu 222000, China
| | - Huan Ding
- Department of Chronic Infectious Disease Control, The Affiliated Wuxi Center for Disease Control and Prevention of Nanjing Medical University, Wuxi Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214023, China
| | - Yumeng Gao
- Department of Acute Infectious Disease Control, The Affiliated Wuxi Center for Disease Control and Prevention of Nanjing Medical University, Wuxi Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214023, China
| | - Suwen Shen
- Department of Chronic Non-Communicable Disease Control, The Affiliated Wuxi Center for Disease Control and Prevention of Nanjing Medical University, Wuxi Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214023, China.
| | - Yuhan Zang
- Department of Health Promotion and Chronic Non-Communicable Disease Control, Wuzhong Center for Disease Control and Prevention, 269 Taihu West Road, Wuzhong District, Suzhou, Jiangsu Province 215000, China.
| | - Xia Chen
- Department of Pharmacy, Nantong First People's Hospital, Second Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, 666 Shengli Road, Chongchuan District, Nantong, Jiangsu Province 226006, China.
| | - Xiaowei Zheng
- Public Health Research Center and Department of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Wuxi School of Medicine Jiangnan University, 1800 Lihu Road, Binhu District, Wuxi, Jiangsu Province 214122, China.
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Li YR, Ding DC. Hemorrhagic Bartholin's cyst in a woman using anti-platelet medication: A case report and review of the literature. World J Clin Cases 2023; 11:5755-5761. [PMID: 37727722 PMCID: PMC10505996 DOI: 10.12998/wjcc.v11.i24.5755] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2023] [Revised: 06/30/2023] [Accepted: 08/03/2023] [Indexed: 08/24/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND We report the case of a postmenopausal female with a hemorrhagic Bartholin's cyst who has been using an antiplatelet medication. CASE SUMMARY A postmenopausal woman, 84 years of age, had a medical history of hypertension, diabetes mellitus, coronary artery disease (three-vessel disease), chronic kidney disease (stage 3), and dementia. The patient has been taking clopidogrel, an antiplatelet medication, for several years. She presented at our outpatient clinic complaining of painful swelling over her left vulva for several days. A Bartholin's cyst over the left vulva was suspected, and the patient underwent marsupialization under local anesthesia, which was well-tolerated. During the incision procedure, bright-red blood with some blood clots was discharged, and a hemorrhagic Bartholin's cyst was observed. There was no recurrence of the hemorrhagic Bartholin's cyst during the 6-mo subsequent follow-up period. CONCLUSION Hemorrhagic Bartholin's cysts rarely occur. We report the case of a postmenopausal female with a hemorrhagic Bartholin's cyst who had been on antiplatelets and was successfully treated with marsupialization. No recurrence was noted during the 6-mo follow-up period. Older females taking antiplatelets should be cautious of bleeding when presenting with a Bartholin's cyst.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi-Rong Li
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Hualien Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation and Tzu Chi University, Hualien 970, Taiwan
| | - Dah-Ching Ding
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Hualien Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation and Tzu Chi University, Hualien 970, Taiwan
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Yan K, Zhu P, Tang X, Li Y, Li J, Yuan D, Yang W, Yang Y, Gao R, Xu B, Yuan J, Zhao X. Five-Year Prognostic Value of DAPT Score in Older Patients undergoing Percutaneous Coronary Intervention: A Large-Sample Study in the Real World. J Atheroscler Thromb 2023; 30:1057-1069. [PMID: 37258235 PMCID: PMC10406629 DOI: 10.5551/jat.64212] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2023] [Accepted: 04/24/2023] [Indexed: 06/02/2023] Open
Abstract
AIM The dual-antiplatelet therapy (DAPT) score is recommended for predicting the risk of ischemia and bleeding for patients undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI). This study aimed to investigate the long-term prognostic value of the DAPT score in older PCI patients. METHODS This study enrolled 10,724 consecutive patients who underwent PCI from January 2013 to December 2013 in Fu Wai hospital, among whom 2,981 (27.8%) were aged ≥ 65 years. The ischemic endpoint was major adverse cardiovascular and cerebrovascular events (MACCE, including myocardial infarction, all-cause death, and stroke). The bleeding endpoint was Bleeding Academic Research Consortium (BARC) 2, 3, or 5 bleeding. RESULTS After a 5-year follow-up, 256 (12.0%) MACCEs and 53 (2.5%) BARC 2, 3, or 5 bleeding occurred. The patients were divided into two groups according to the DAPT score: the low-score (<2, n=1,646) and high-score (≥ 2, n=485) group. Multivariate Cox regression revealed that the risk of MACCE was similar between the two groups [hazard ratio (HR): 1.214, 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.916-1.609, P=0.178], whereas the risk of bleeding was significantly higher in the high-score group than in the low-score group (HR: 2.447, 95% CI: 1.407-4.257, P=0.002). The DAPT score did not show prognostic value in MACCE [area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUROC), 0.534; 95% CI: 0.496-0.572, P=0.079]; however, it demonstrated a certain prognostic value in BARC 2, 3, or 5 bleeding (AUROC, 0.646; 95% CI: 0.573-0.719, P<0.001). CONCLUSION This study suggested that in older PCI patients, the DAPT score did not show predictive value for MACCE; however, it had a certain predictive value for 5-year BARC 2, 3, or 5 bleeding.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kailun Yan
- National Clinical Research Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, Fu Wai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Pei Zhu
- National Clinical Research Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, Fu Wai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaofang Tang
- National Clinical Research Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, Fu Wai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Yulong Li
- National Clinical Research Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, Fu Wai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Jiawen Li
- National Clinical Research Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, Fu Wai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Deshan Yuan
- National Clinical Research Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, Fu Wai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Weixian Yang
- National Clinical Research Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, Fu Wai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Yuejin Yang
- National Clinical Research Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, Fu Wai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Runlin Gao
- National Clinical Research Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, Fu Wai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Bo Xu
- National Clinical Research Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, Fu Wai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Jinqing Yuan
- National Clinical Research Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, Fu Wai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Xueyan Zhao
- National Clinical Research Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, Fu Wai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
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Abstract
Gastrointestinal (GI) complications are seen in over 50% of ischemic stroke survivors; the most common complications are dysphagia, constipation, and GI bleeding. The bidirectional relationship of the gut-brain axis and stroke has recently gained traction, wherein stroke contributes to gut dysbiosis (alterations in the normal host intestinal microbiome) and gut dysbiosis perpetuates poor functional neurologic outcomes in stroke. It is postulated that the propagation of proinflammatory cells and gut metabolites (including trimethylamine N-oxide and short-chain fatty acids) from the GI tract to the central nervous system play a central role in gut-brain axis dysfunction. In this review, we discuss the known GI complications in acute ischemic stroke, our current knowledge from experimental stroke models for gut-brain axis dysfunction in stroke, and emerging therapeutics that target the gut-brain axis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heather Y F Yong
- Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Calgary, Calgary, Canada
- Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Canada
| | - Aravind Ganesh
- Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Calgary, Calgary, Canada
- Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Canada
| | - Carlos Camara-Lemarroy
- Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Calgary, Calgary, Canada
- Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Canada
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Chen Z, Chen M, Zeng P, Yang X, Li Q. Association of aspirin with all-cause and cardiocerebrovascular mortality in patients with metabolic associated fatty liver disease. Scand J Gastroenterol 2023; 58:908-914. [PMID: 36799202 DOI: 10.1080/00365521.2023.2179864] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2022] [Revised: 02/02/2023] [Accepted: 02/08/2023] [Indexed: 02/18/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Studies on aspirin's effects on metabolic-associated fatty liver disease (MAFLD) are limited. The aim of this study was to assess the association between aspirin and all-cause and cardiovascular disease (CVD) mortality in individuals with MAFLD. METHODS Data were acquired from the National Health And Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) III. MAFLD diagnosis was consistent with that of international expert consensus. The independent association between aspirin and all-cause and CVD mortality in participants with MAFLD was evaluated by multiple Cox regression. Stratified analyses and interaction tests were performed to investigate whether covariates modified the association between aspirin and MAFLD mortality. RESULTS Of 4594 eligible participants, 3,162 (68.83%) never took aspirin (0 times/month), 962 (20.94%) took it occasionally (1-14 times/month) and 470 (10.23%) took it regularly (≥15 times/month). Multiple cox regression showed that aspirin was not associated with overall mortality for MAFLD individuals. Stratified analysis revealed that in middle-aged (45-59 years) participants with MAFLD, occasional aspirin use was associated with low all-cause mortality risk (HR = 0.61, 95% CI = 0.43-0.86), while there was no significant association between aspirin and all-cause mortality among the young or the elderly. CONCLUSIONS We found that the association between aspirin and all-cause MAFLD mortality varies by both age and frequency of administration. More prospective studies are needed to explore aspirin's influence on MALFD mortality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhisheng Chen
- The Second Clinical College of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, P.R. China
- Department of Gastroenterology, Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, P.R. China
| | - Mengxin Chen
- The Second Clinical College of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, P.R. China
- Department of Gastroenterology, Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, P.R. China
| | - Ping Zeng
- The Second Clinical College of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, P.R. China
- Department of Gastroenterology, Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, P.R. China
| | - Xiaobo Yang
- The Second Clinical College of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, P.R. China
- Chinese Medicine Syndrome Research Team, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, P.R. China
| | - Qian Li
- The Second Clinical College of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, P.R. China
- Chinese Medicine Syndrome Research Team, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, P.R. China
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Delgardo M, Rabin G, Tudor T, Tang AJ, Reeves G, Connolly ES. Monitoring risk and preventing ischemic stroke in the very old. Expert Rev Neurother 2023; 23:791-801. [PMID: 37540092 DOI: 10.1080/14737175.2023.2244674] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2023] [Revised: 07/28/2023] [Accepted: 08/01/2023] [Indexed: 08/05/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Stroke is a significant cause of death, and the leading cause of severe long-term disability for individuals over 80 (the very old), yet few studies of such risk factors for ischemic stroke, or the known mitigation techniques, in this population, and the evidence base regarding risk modification strategies in this susceptible population can be inconsistent and incomplete. This article examines current guidelines and evidence regarding medical management, lifestyle changes, and psychosocial interactions that can contribute to the primary and secondary prevention of ischemic stroke in the very old. AREAS COVERED The authors conducted a literature search for ischemic stroke prevention and risk assessment in the elderly via PubMed. Furthermore, they describe current strategies for monitoring risk and preventing ischemic stroke in the elderly population. EXPERT OPINION Ischemic stroke poses a significant health risk to the elderly, with prevention relying on managing modifiable risk factors such as hypertension, atrial fibrillation, diabetes, and high cholesterol, as well as promoting healthy lifestyle choices like quitting smoking, regular physical activity and a heart-healthy diet. Healthcare providers must adopt a multifaceted approach, addressing individual and population-level factors while remaining vigilant in monitoring and managing risk factors to reduce the incidence and impact of stroke in older adults.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mychael Delgardo
- Department of Neurological Surgery, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Grant Rabin
- Department of Neurological Surgery, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Thilan Tudor
- Department of Neurological Surgery, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Anthony J Tang
- Department of Neurological Surgery, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Geoffrey Reeves
- Department of Neurological Surgery, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - E Sander Connolly
- Department of Neurological Surgery, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
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Bilski AE, Aparicio HJ, Gutierrez J, de Leeuw FE, Hilkens N. Antiplatelet Therapy or Not for Asymptomatic/Incidental Lacunar Infarction. Stroke 2023; 54:1954-1959. [PMID: 37191009 PMCID: PMC10421561 DOI: 10.1161/strokeaha.122.040444] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2022] [Accepted: 04/11/2023] [Indexed: 05/17/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Amanda E Bilski
- Department of Neurology, New York Presbyterian Hospital/ Columbia University Irving Medical Center
| | - Hugo J. Aparicio
- Department of Neurology, Boston University Chobanian & Avedisian School of Medicine
- Boston Medical Center
| | - Jose Gutierrez
- Department of Neurology, New York Presbyterian Hospital/ Columbia University Irving Medical Center
| | - Frank-Erik de Leeuw
- Department of Neurology, Radboud University Nijmegen Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Nina Hilkens
- Department of Neurology, Radboud University Nijmegen Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
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Dorn A, Dorweiler B, Ahmad W, Mylonas S, Becker I, Majd P. Low and High Ankle-Brachial Index Are Both Associated with Mortality in German Nursing Home Residents-The Five-Year Follow-Up of the "Allo-Study" Cohort. J Clin Med 2023; 12:4411. [PMID: 37445445 PMCID: PMC10343002 DOI: 10.3390/jcm12134411] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2023] [Revised: 06/20/2023] [Accepted: 06/28/2023] [Indexed: 07/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Peripheral arterial disease (PAD) is associated with high cardiovascular morbidity and mortality. We aimed to examine this relation in a population that tends to be under-represented in research on the topic. In a prospective observational cohort study, residents of 45 nursing homes in Germany were screened for pathological ankle-brachial index (ABI) and observed for five years. Of 1333 participants (median age 84 years), 55.5% had a pathological ABI (≤0.9 or >1.4) on one or both legs. 84.7% of the probands with a low ABI (indicating PAD) had no previously known PAD diagnosis. The five-year mortality was 73.0%. Mortality was higher in individuals with a pathological ABI (76.5%) than in those with a normal ABI (68.7%, p = 0.003). An ABI > 1.4 was associated with a higher mortality (79.4%) than a reduced (74.7%) or normal ABI (68.7%, p = 0.011). Pathological ABI values were associated with an increase in mortality after correction for age, sex and all recorded comorbidities, including cardiac disease. Although PAD is highly prevalent in nursing home residents, it is underdiagnosed and undertreated. In the study cohort, both high and low ABI were important predictors of mortality. PAD deserves more attention in this high-risk population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Dorn
- Vascular Surgery Department, Protestant Hospital, 51465 Bergisch Gladbach, Germany;
| | - Bernhard Dorweiler
- Vascular Surgery Department, University Hospital of Cologne, 50937 Cologne, Germany; (B.D.); (W.A.); (S.M.)
| | - Wael Ahmad
- Vascular Surgery Department, University Hospital of Cologne, 50937 Cologne, Germany; (B.D.); (W.A.); (S.M.)
| | - Spyridon Mylonas
- Vascular Surgery Department, University Hospital of Cologne, 50937 Cologne, Germany; (B.D.); (W.A.); (S.M.)
| | - Ingrid Becker
- Institute of Medical Statistics and Computational Biology, University Hospital of Cologne, 50937 Cologne, Germany;
| | - Payman Majd
- Vascular Surgery Department, Protestant Hospital, 51465 Bergisch Gladbach, Germany;
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Madken M, Mallick R, Rhodes E, Mahdavi R, Bader Eddeen A, Hundemer GL, Kelly DM, Karaboyas A, Robinson B, Bieber B, Molnar AO, Badve SV, Tanuseputro P, Knoll G, Sood MM. Development and Validation of a Predictive Risk Algorithm for Bleeding in Individuals on Long-term Hemodialysis: An International Prospective Cohort Study (BLEED-HD). Can J Kidney Health Dis 2023; 10:20543581231169610. [PMID: 37377481 PMCID: PMC10291537 DOI: 10.1177/20543581231169610] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2022] [Accepted: 03/13/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Individuals with kidney disease are at a high risk of bleeding and as such tools that identify those at highest risk may aid mitigation strategies. Objective We set out to develop and validate a prediction equation (BLEED-HD) to identify patients on maintenance hemodialysis at high risk of bleeding. Design International prospective cohort study (development); retrospective cohort study (validation). Settings Development: 15 countries (Dialysis Outcomes and Practice Patterns Study [DOPPS] phase 2-6 from 2002 to 2018); Validation: Ontario, Canada. Patients Development: 53 147 patients; Validation: 19 318 patients. Measurements Hospitalization for a bleeding event. Methods Cox proportional hazards models. Results Among the DOPPS cohort (mean age, 63.7 years; female, 39.7%), a bleeding event occurred in 2773 patients (5.2%, event rate 32 per 1000 person-years), with a median follow-up of 1.6 (interquartile range [IQR], 0.9-2.1) years. BLEED-HD included 6 variables: age, sex, country, previous gastrointestinal bleeding, prosthetic heart valve, and vitamin K antagonist use. The observed 3-year probability of bleeding by deciles of risk ranged from 2.2% to 10.8%. Model discrimination was low to moderate (c-statistic = 0.65) with excellent calibration (Brier score range = 0.036-0.095). Discrimination and calibration of BLEED-HD were similar in an external validation of 19 318 patients from Ontario, Canada. Compared to existing bleeding scores, BLEED-HD demonstrated better discrimination and calibration (c-statistic: HEMORRHAGE = 0.59, HAS-BLED = 0.59, and ATRIA = 0.57, c-stat difference, net reclassification index [NRI], and integrated discrimination index [IDI] all P value <.0001). Limitations Dialysis procedure anticoagulation was not available; validation cohort was considerably older than the development cohort. Conclusion In patients on maintenance hemodialysis, BLEED-HD is a simple risk equation that may be more applicable than existing risk tools in predicting the risk of bleeding in this high-risk population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohit Madken
- Department of Medicine, The Ottawa Hospital, ON, Canada
| | | | - Emily Rhodes
- Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, The Ottawa Hospital, ON, Canada
| | | | | | - Gregory L. Hundemer
- Department of Medicine, The Ottawa Hospital, ON, Canada
- Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, The Ottawa Hospital, ON, Canada
| | - Dearbhla M. Kelly
- Department of Nephrology, St. James Hospital, Dublin, Ireland
- Global Brain Health Institute, Trinity College Institute of Neuroscience, Trinity College Dublin, Ireland
| | | | - Bruce Robinson
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, USA
| | - Brian Bieber
- Arbor Research Collaborative for Health, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Amber O. Molnar
- ICES, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Department of Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
| | - Sunil V. Badve
- Department of Renal Medicine, St. George Hospital, Sydney, NSW, Australia
- Renal and Metabolic Division, The George Institute for Global Health, Sydney, NSW, Australia
- UNSW Medicine and Health, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | | | - Gregory Knoll
- Department of Medicine, The Ottawa Hospital, ON, Canada
- Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, The Ottawa Hospital, ON, Canada
- ICES, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Manish M. Sood
- Department of Medicine, The Ottawa Hospital, ON, Canada
- Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, The Ottawa Hospital, ON, Canada
- ICES, Toronto, ON, Canada
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Harris J, Pouwels KB, Johnson T, Sterne J, Pithara C, Mahadevan K, Reeves B, Benedetto U, Loke Y, Lasserson D, Doble B, Hopewell-Kelly N, Redwood S, Wordsworth S, Mumford A, Rogers C, Pufulete M. Bleeding risk in patients prescribed dual antiplatelet therapy and triple therapy after coronary interventions: the ADAPTT retrospective population-based cohort studies. Health Technol Assess 2023; 27:1-257. [PMID: 37435838 PMCID: PMC10363958 DOI: 10.3310/mnjy9014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Bleeding among populations undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention or coronary artery bypass grafting and among conservatively managed patients with acute coronary syndrome exposed to different dual antiplatelet therapy and triple therapy (i.e. dual antiplatelet therapy plus an anticoagulant) has not been previously quantified. Objectives The objectives were to estimate hazard ratios for bleeding for different antiplatelet and triple therapy regimens, estimate resources and the associated costs of treating bleeding events, and to extend existing economic models of the cost-effectiveness of dual antiplatelet therapy. Design The study was designed as three retrospective population-based cohort studies emulating target randomised controlled trials. Setting The study was set in primary and secondary care in England from 2010 to 2017. Participants Participants were patients aged ≥ 18 years undergoing coronary artery bypass grafting or emergency percutaneous coronary intervention (for acute coronary syndrome), or conservatively managed patients with acute coronary syndrome. Data sources Data were sourced from linked Clinical Practice Research Datalink and Hospital Episode Statistics. Interventions Coronary artery bypass grafting and conservatively managed acute coronary syndrome: aspirin (reference) compared with aspirin and clopidogrel. Percutaneous coronary intervention: aspirin and clopidogrel (reference) compared with aspirin and prasugrel (ST elevation myocardial infarction only) or aspirin and ticagrelor. Main outcome measures Primary outcome: any bleeding events up to 12 months after the index event. Secondary outcomes: major or minor bleeding, all-cause and cardiovascular mortality, mortality from bleeding, myocardial infarction, stroke, additional coronary intervention and major adverse cardiovascular events. Results The incidence of any bleeding was 5% among coronary artery bypass graft patients, 10% among conservatively managed acute coronary syndrome patients and 9% among emergency percutaneous coronary intervention patients, compared with 18% among patients prescribed triple therapy. Among coronary artery bypass grafting and conservatively managed acute coronary syndrome patients, dual antiplatelet therapy, compared with aspirin, increased the hazards of any bleeding (coronary artery bypass grafting: hazard ratio 1.43, 95% confidence interval 1.21 to 1.69; conservatively-managed acute coronary syndrome: hazard ratio 1.72, 95% confidence interval 1.15 to 2.57) and major adverse cardiovascular events (coronary artery bypass grafting: hazard ratio 2.06, 95% confidence interval 1.23 to 3.46; conservatively-managed acute coronary syndrome: hazard ratio 1.57, 95% confidence interval 1.38 to 1.78). Among emergency percutaneous coronary intervention patients, dual antiplatelet therapy with ticagrelor, compared with dual antiplatelet therapy with clopidogrel, increased the hazard of any bleeding (hazard ratio 1.47, 95% confidence interval 1.19 to 1.82), but did not reduce the incidence of major adverse cardiovascular events (hazard ratio 1.06, 95% confidence interval 0.89 to 1.27). Among ST elevation myocardial infarction percutaneous coronary intervention patients, dual antiplatelet therapy with prasugrel, compared with dual antiplatelet therapy with clopidogrel, increased the hazard of any bleeding (hazard ratio 1.48, 95% confidence interval 1.02 to 2.12), but did not reduce the incidence of major adverse cardiovascular events (hazard ratio 1.10, 95% confidence interval 0.80 to 1.51). Health-care costs in the first year did not differ between dual antiplatelet therapy with clopidogrel and aspirin monotherapy among either coronary artery bypass grafting patients (mean difference £94, 95% confidence interval -£155 to £763) or conservatively managed acute coronary syndrome patients (mean difference £610, 95% confidence interval -£626 to £1516), but among emergency percutaneous coronary intervention patients were higher for those receiving dual antiplatelet therapy with ticagrelor than for those receiving dual antiplatelet therapy with clopidogrel, although for only patients on concurrent proton pump inhibitors (mean difference £1145, 95% confidence interval £269 to £2195). Conclusions This study suggests that more potent dual antiplatelet therapy may increase the risk of bleeding without reducing the incidence of major adverse cardiovascular events. These results should be carefully considered by clinicians and decision-makers alongside randomised controlled trial evidence when making recommendations about dual antiplatelet therapy. Limitations The estimates for bleeding and major adverse cardiovascular events may be biased from unmeasured confounding and the exclusion of an eligible subgroup of patients who could not be assigned an intervention. Because of these limitations, a formal cost-effectiveness analysis could not be conducted. Future work Future work should explore the feasibility of using other UK data sets of routinely collected data, less susceptible to bias, to estimate the benefit and harm of antiplatelet interventions. Trial registration This trial is registered as ISRCTN76607611. Funding This project was funded by the National Institute for Health and Care Research (NIHR) Health Technology Assessment programme and will be published in full in Health Technology Assessment; Vol. 27, No. 8. See the NIHR Journals Library website for further project information.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jessica Harris
- Bristol Trials Centre, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
| | - Koen B Pouwels
- Health Economics Research Centre, Nuffield Department of Population Health, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Thomas Johnson
- Department of Cardiology, Bristol Heart Institute, Bristol, UK
| | - Jonathan Sterne
- National Institute for Health Research Biomedical Research Centre, Department of Population Health Sciences, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
| | - Christalla Pithara
- National Institute for Health Research Applied Research Collaboration West (NIHR ARC West), Bristol, UK
| | | | - Barney Reeves
- Bristol Trials Centre, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
| | | | - Yoon Loke
- Norwich Medical School, University of East Anglia, Norwich, UK
| | - Daniel Lasserson
- Institute of Applied Health Research, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
| | - Brett Doble
- Health Economics Research Centre, Nuffield Department of Population Health, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | | | - Sabi Redwood
- National Institute for Health Research Applied Research Collaboration West (NIHR ARC West), Bristol, UK
| | - Sarah Wordsworth
- Health Economics Research Centre, Nuffield Department of Population Health, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Andrew Mumford
- Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
| | - Chris Rogers
- Bristol Trials Centre, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
| | - Maria Pufulete
- Bristol Trials Centre, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
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King E, Bazargan M, Entsuah N, Tokumitsu SW, Wisseh C, Adinkrah EK. Potentially Inappropriate Medication Use among Underserved Older Latino Adults. J Clin Med 2023; 12:3067. [PMID: 37176508 PMCID: PMC10179006 DOI: 10.3390/jcm12093067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2023] [Revised: 04/18/2023] [Accepted: 04/20/2023] [Indexed: 05/15/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Previous studies identified alarming increases in medication use, polypharmacy, and the use of potentially inappropriate medications (PIMs) among minority older adults with multimorbidity. However, PIM use among underserved older Latino adults is still largely unknown. The main objective of this study is to examine the prevalence of PIM use among underserved, community-dwelling older Latino adults. This study examines both the complexity of polypharmacy in this community and identifies associations between PIM and multimorbidity, polypharmacy, and access to medical care among this segment of our population. METHODS This community-based, cross-sectional study included 126 community-dwelling Latinos aged 65 years and older. The updated 2019 AGS Beers Criteria was used to identify participants using PIMs. We used multinomial logistic regression to examine the independent association of PIM with several independent variables including demographic characteristics, the number of chronic conditions, the number of prescription medications used, level of pain, and sleep difficulty. In addition, we present five cases in order to offer greater insight into PIM use among our sample. RESULTS One-third of participants had at least one use of PIM. Polypharmacy (≥5 medications) was observed in 55% of our sample. In addition, 46% took drugs to be used with caution (UWC). In total, 16% were taking between 9 and 24 medications, whereas 39% and 46% were taking 5 to 8 and 1 to 4 prescription medications, respectively. The multinomial logit regression analysis showed that (controlling for demographic variables) increased PIM use was associated with an increased number of prescription medications, number of chronic conditions, sleep difficulty, lack of access to primary care, financial strains, and poor self-rated health. DISCUSSION Both qualitative and quantitative analysis revealed recurrent themes in the missed identification of potential drug-related harm among underserved Latino older adults. Our data suggest that financial strain, lack of access to primary care, as well as an increased number of medications and co-morbidity are inter-connected. Lack of continuity of care often leads to fragmented care, putting vulnerable patients at risk of polypharmacy and drug-drug interactions as clinicians lack access to a current and complete list of medications patients are using at any given time. Therefore, improving access to health care and thereby continuity of care among older Latino adults with multimorbidity has the potential to reduce both polypharmacy and PIM use. Programs that increase access to regular care and continuity of care should be prioritized among multimorbid, undeserved, Latino older adults in an effort toward improved health equity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ebony King
- Department of Geriatrics, West Los Angeles VA Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA 90073, USA
- Department of Public Health, Charles R. Drew University of Medicine and Science (CDU), Los Angeles, CA 90059, USA
| | - Mohsen Bazargan
- Department of Public Health, Charles R. Drew University of Medicine and Science (CDU), Los Angeles, CA 90059, USA
- Department of Family Medicine, Charles R. Drew University of Medicine and Science (CDU), Los Angeles, CA 90059, USA;
- Department of Family Medicine, University of California Los Angeles (UCLA), Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Nana Entsuah
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy Practice, University of California Irvine (UCI), Irvine, CA 92617, USA
| | - Sayaka W. Tokumitsu
- Department of Family Medicine, Charles R. Drew University of Medicine and Science (CDU), Los Angeles, CA 90059, USA;
| | - Cheryl Wisseh
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy Practice, University of California Irvine (UCI), Irvine, CA 92617, USA
| | - Edward K. Adinkrah
- Department of Public Health, Charles R. Drew University of Medicine and Science (CDU), Los Angeles, CA 90059, USA
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Bianco M, Mottola FF, Cerrato E, Giordana F, Cinconze S, Baralis G, Verra A, Musumeci G, Rossini R. Acute coronary syndrome in very elderly patients-a real-world experience. Heart Vessels 2023:10.1007/s00380-023-02260-x. [PMID: 36976424 DOI: 10.1007/s00380-023-02260-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2022] [Accepted: 03/08/2023] [Indexed: 03/29/2023]
Abstract
Very elderly population constitutes an increasingly larger proportion of patients admitted for acute coronary syndromes (ACS). Notably, age represents both a proxy of frailty and an exclusion criterion in clinical randomized trials, which probably contributes to lack of data and undertreatment of real-world elderly patients. The aim of the study is to describe patterns of treatment and outcome of very elderly patients with ACS. All consecutive patients aged ≥ 80 years old (yo) admitted between January 2017 and December 2019 with ACS were included. The primary endpoint was in-hospital occurrence of major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE), defined as the composite of cardiovascular death, new onset cardiogenic shock, definite/probable stent thrombosis, and ischemic stroke. The secondary endpoints were in-hospital incidence of Thrombolysis in Myocardial Infarction (TIMI) major/minor bleedings, contrast-induced nephropathy (CIN), six-month all-cause mortality, and unplanned readmission. One hundred ninety-three patients (mean age 84.1 ± 3.5 yo, 46% females) were included, of whom 86 (44.6%), 79 (40.9%), and 28 (14.5%) presented with ST elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI), non-ST elevation myocardial infarction (NSTEMI), and unstable angina (UA), respectively. The vast majority of patients received an invasive strategy, with 92.7% undergoing coronary angiography and 84.4% to percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI). Aspirin was administered to 180 (93.3%) patients, clopidogrel to 89 (46.1%) patients, and ticagrelor to 85 (44%) patients. In-hospital MACE occurred in 29 patients (15.0%), whereas 3 (1.6%) and 12 patients (7.2%) experienced in-hospital TIMI major and TIMI minor bleeding, respectively. Of the overall population, 177 (91.7%) were discharged alive. After discharge, 11 patients (6.2%) died of all-cause death, whereas 42 patients (23.7%) required a new hospitalization within six months. Invasive strategy of ACS in elderly patients seems safe and effective. Six-month new hospitalization appears inevitably related to age.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matteo Bianco
- Division of Cardiology, San Luigi Gonzaga University Hospital, Orbassano, Turin, Italy
| | - Filiberto Fausto Mottola
- Chair of Cardiology, Department of Translational Medical Sciences, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli"-Monaldi Hospital, Naples, Italy
| | - Enrico Cerrato
- Division of Cardiology, San Luigi Gonzaga University Hospital, Orbassano, Turin, Italy
| | - Francesca Giordana
- Division of Cardiology, S. Croce and Carle Hospital, Via Michele Coppino, 26, 12100, Cuneo, Italy
| | - Sebastian Cinconze
- Division of Cardiology, S. Croce and Carle Hospital, Via Michele Coppino, 26, 12100, Cuneo, Italy
| | - Giorgio Baralis
- Division of Cardiology, S. Croce and Carle Hospital, Via Michele Coppino, 26, 12100, Cuneo, Italy
| | - Alison Verra
- Division of Cardiology, S. Croce and Carle Hospital, Via Michele Coppino, 26, 12100, Cuneo, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Musumeci
- Division of Cardiology, Ordine Mauriziano Di Torino Hospital, Turin, Italy
| | - Roberta Rossini
- Division of Cardiology, S. Croce and Carle Hospital, Via Michele Coppino, 26, 12100, Cuneo, Italy.
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47
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Lancaster I, Sethi V, Patel D, Tamboli C, Pacer E, Steinhoff J, Mizrahi M, Willinger A. Antithrombotics and Gastrointestinal Prophylaxis: A Systematic Review. Cardiol Rev 2023:00045415-990000000-00089. [PMID: 36946915 DOI: 10.1097/crd.0000000000000543] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/23/2023]
Abstract
Antithrombotic medications include both antiplatelet and anticoagulants and are used for a wide variety of cardiovascular conditions. A common complication of antithrombotic use is gastrointestinal bleeding. As a result, gastrointestinal prophylaxis is a common consideration for patients on a single or combination antithrombotic regimen. Prophylaxis is typically achieved through use of either proton pump inhibitors or histamine 2 receptor antagonists. Current recommendations for use of gastrointestinal prophylaxis with concomitant use of antithrombotic medications are scarce. In this systematic review, we explore the current evidence and recommendations regarding gastrointestinal prophylaxis for patients on antiplatelet or anticoagulant therapy as well as combination regimens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ian Lancaster
- From the HCA Healthcare/USF Morsani College of Medicine GME Programs, Largo Medical Center, Largo, FL
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Goto S, Izumi T, Nishihori M, Imai T, Araki Y, Kanamori F, Uda K, Yokoyama K, Saito R. Antiplatelet therapy discontinuation after stent-assisted coil embolization for intracranial aneurysms: a single-center, long-term, retrospective, observational study. J Neurosurg 2023; 138:724-731. [PMID: 35932268 DOI: 10.3171/2022.6.jns22815] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2022] [Accepted: 06/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The protocol for antiplatelet therapy after stent-assisted coil embolization (SACE) for intracranial aneurysms is not well established. In particular, the indications for single antiplatelet therapy (SAPT) discontinuation remain controversial. The authors investigated the long-term outcomes of SAPT discontinuation after SACE among patients at a single institution. METHODS Patients who underwent SACE during the period from 2010 to 2020 and who were followed up for > 1 year were included in this study. The delayed ischemic and hemorrhagic complication rates were examined during follow-up. Moreover, the risk factors of antiplatelet therapy reduction or discontinuation and the outcomes of SAPT discontinuation were examined. RESULTS In total, 240 patients were included in the analysis. The average patient age was 60.3 years, and the average follow-up period was 46.7 months. Nine (3.8%) patients presented with symptomatic delayed ischemic complication, and 3 (1.3%) patients experienced a decline in modified Rankin Scale score. The stent configuration (T- or Y-stent) was the only risk factor associated with delayed ischemic complication (p < 0.001). SAPT was discontinued in 147 (71.7%) of 205 patients who were followed up for > 2 years, and no ischemic complications were observed. CONCLUSIONS It is safe to discontinue SAPT in patients without ischemic complications and with stable intraaneurysmal signals on MRA 2 years after SACE. The T- or Y-stent is a high-risk factor for delayed ischemic complications, and antiplatelet therapy reduction or discontinuation should be cautiously considered.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shunsaku Goto
- Department of Neurosurgery, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Aichi, Japan
| | - Takashi Izumi
- Department of Neurosurgery, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Aichi, Japan
| | - Masahiro Nishihori
- Department of Neurosurgery, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Aichi, Japan
| | - Tasuku Imai
- Department of Neurosurgery, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Aichi, Japan
| | - Yoshio Araki
- Department of Neurosurgery, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Aichi, Japan
| | - Fumiaki Kanamori
- Department of Neurosurgery, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Aichi, Japan
| | - Kenji Uda
- Department of Neurosurgery, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Aichi, Japan
| | - Kinya Yokoyama
- Department of Neurosurgery, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Aichi, Japan
| | - Ryuta Saito
- Department of Neurosurgery, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Aichi, Japan
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49
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Andreotti F, Geisler T, Collet JP, Gigante B, Gorog DA, Halvorsen S, Lip GYH, Morais J, Navarese EP, Patrono C, Rocca B, Rubboli A, Sibbing D, Storey RF, Verheugt FWA, Vilahur G. Acute, periprocedural and longterm antithrombotic therapy in older adults: 2022 Update by the ESC Working Group on Thrombosis. Eur Heart J 2023; 44:262-279. [PMID: 36477865 DOI: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehac515] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2021] [Revised: 07/22/2022] [Accepted: 09/07/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The first international guidance on antithrombotic therapy in the elderly came from the European Society of Cardiology Working Group on Thrombosis in 2015. This same group has updated its previous report on antiplatelet and anticoagulant drugs for older patients with acute or chronic coronary syndromes, atrial fibrillation, or undergoing surgery or procedures typical of the elderly (transcatheter aortic valve implantation and left atrial appendage closure). The aim is to provide a succinct but comprehensive tool for readers to understand the bases of antithrombotic therapy in older patients, despite the complexities of comorbidities, comedications and uncertain ischaemic- vs. bleeding-risk balance. Fourteen updated consensus statements integrate recent trial data and other evidence, with a focus on high bleeding risk. Guideline recommendations, when present, are highlighted, as well as gaps in evidence. Key consensus points include efforts to improve medical adherence through deprescribing and polypill use; adoption of universal risk definitions for bleeding, myocardial infarction, stroke and cause-specific death; multiple bleeding-avoidance strategies, ranging from gastroprotection with aspirin use to selection of antithrombotic-drug composition, dosing and duration tailored to multiple variables (setting, history, overall risk, age, weight, renal function, comedications, procedures) that need special consideration when managing older adults.
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Affiliation(s)
- Felicita Andreotti
- Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Gemelli IRCCS, Largo F Vito 1, 00168 Rome, Italy.,Department of Cardiovascular and Pneumological Sciences, Catholic University, Rome, Italy
| | - Tobias Geisler
- Department of Cardiology and Angiology, University Hospital, Eberhard-Karls-University Tuebingen, Otfried-Müller-Straße 10, 72076 Tuebingen, Germany
| | - Jean-Philippe Collet
- Paris Sorbonne Université (UPMC), ACTION Study Group, INSERM UMR_S 1166, Institut de Cardiologie, Pitié-Salpêtrière Hospital (AP-HP), Paris, France
| | - Bruna Gigante
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Medicine, Karolinska Institutet and Department of Clinical Sciences, Danderyd Hospital, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Diana A Gorog
- National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College, London, UK.,Postgraduate Medical School, University of Hertfordshire, Hertfordshire, UK
| | - Sigrun Halvorsen
- Department of Cardiology, Oslo University Hospital Ulleval, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Gregory Y H Lip
- Liverpool Centre for Cardiovascular Science, University of Liverpool and Liverpool Heart & Chest Hospital, Liverpool, UK
| | - Joao Morais
- Serviço de Cardiologia, Centro Hospitalar de Leiria and Center for Innovative Care and Health Technology (ciTechCare), Leiria Polytechnic Institute, Leiria, Portugal
| | - Eliano Pio Navarese
- Department of Cardiology, Collegium Medicum, Nicolaus Copernicus University, Bydgoszcz, Poland.,SIRIO MEDICINE Network and Faculty of Medicine University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada
| | - Carlo Patrono
- Department of Safety and Bioethics, Section on Pharmacology, Catholic University School of Medicine, Rome, Italy.,Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Gemelli IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Bianca Rocca
- Department of Safety and Bioethics, Section on Pharmacology, Catholic University School of Medicine, Rome, Italy.,Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Gemelli IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Andrea Rubboli
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Cardiovascular Diseases-AUSL Romagna, S. Maria delle Croci Hospital, Ravenna, Italy
| | - Dirk Sibbing
- Privatklinik Lauterbacher Mühle am Ostersee, Seeshaupt, Germany & Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität (LMU) München, Munich, Germany
| | - Robert F Storey
- Department of Infection, Immunity and Cardiovascular Disease, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, UK
| | - Freek W A Verheugt
- Department of Cardiology, Heartcenter, Onze Lieve Vrouwe Gasthuis (OLVG), Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Gemma Vilahur
- Cardiovascular Program-ICCC, Research Institute-Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, IIB-Sant Pau, Barcelona, Spain.,CIBERCV, Instituto Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
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50
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Kim WS, Kim SH, Joo MK, Park JJ, Lee BJ, Chun HJ. Re-bleeding and all-cause mortality risk in non-variceal upper gastrointestinal bleeding: focusing on patients receiving oral anticoagulant therapy. Ann Med 2023; 55:2253822. [PMID: 37672507 PMCID: PMC10484029 DOI: 10.1080/07853890.2023.2253822] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2023] [Revised: 08/09/2023] [Accepted: 08/11/2023] [Indexed: 09/08/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Non-variceal upper gastrointestinal bleeding (NVUGIB) in patients receiving oral anticoagulants (OACs) may be fatal; however, little is known about re-bleeding and all-cause mortality after successful hemostasis. We investigated the clinical characteristics and risk factors for re-bleeding and death after successful hemostasis. METHODS Patients receiving OACs and diagnosed with NVUGIB between 2007 and 2021 were enrolled. All NVUGIB incidents were confirmed if definite bleeding in the upper gastrointestinal tract was detected via esophagogastroduodenoscopy. RESULTS A total of 132 patients receiving OACs were diagnosed with NVUGIB. Males were the majority (72, 54.5%), and bleeding was detected mostly in the stomach (99, 75%) and was most often due to peptic ulcers (PU) (88, 66.7%). After successful hemostasis of index NVUGIB, 40 patients (30.3%) experienced re-bleeding. Among them, 15 (37.5%) died, and among those, 3 (2.3%) were related to re-bleeding. Multivariate analysis revealed that duodenal bleeding (odds ratio [OR]: 3.305; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.152-9.479, p = 0.026) and Charlson comorbidity index score (CCI) (OR: 1.22; 95% CI: 1.052-1.419, p = 0.009) were significant risk factors for re-bleeding. Index albumin levels (OR: 0.134; 95% CI: 0.035-0.506, p = 0.003), previous PU or upper gastrointestinal bleeding (UGIB) history (OR: 4.626; 95% CI: 1.375-15.567, p = 0.013), and CCI (OR: 1.293; 95% CI: 1.058-1.581, p = 0.012) were related all-cause mortality. CONCLUSION CCI and duodenal bleeding are risk factors for re-bleeding in patients with NVUGIB who were receiving OACs, while low index albumin levels and previous PU and UGIB history are associated with all-cause mortality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Won Shik Kim
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine/Korea, University College of Medicine/Korea University Guro Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Seung Han Kim
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine/Korea, University College of Medicine/Korea University Guro Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Moon Kyung Joo
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine/Korea, University College of Medicine/Korea University Guro Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jong-Jae Park
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine/Korea, University College of Medicine/Korea University Guro Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Beom Jae Lee
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine/Korea, University College of Medicine/Korea University Guro Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Hoon Jai Chun
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine/Korea, University College of Medicine/Korea University Guro Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea
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