1
|
Mohan Viswanathan P, Sabarathinam C, Karuppannan S, Gopalakrishnan G. Determination of vulnerable regions of SARS-CoV-2 in Malaysia using meteorology and air quality data. ENVIRONMENT, DEVELOPMENT AND SUSTAINABILITY 2021; 24:8856-8882. [PMID: 34393622 PMCID: PMC8354098 DOI: 10.1007/s10668-021-01719-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2020] [Accepted: 07/30/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
UNLABELLED This study aims to explore the state-wise assessment of SARS-CoV-2 (COVID-19) pandemic spread in Malaysia with focus on influence of meteorological parameters and air quality. In this study, state-wise COVID-19 data, meteorological parameters and air quality index (AQI) were collected from March 13 to April 30, 2020, which encompass three movement control order (MCO) periods in the country. Overall, total infected cases were observed to be higher in MCO phase 1 and 2 and significantly reduced in MCO phase 3. Due to the variation in the spatial interval of population density and individual immunity, the relationship of these parameters to pandemic spread could not be achieved. The study infers that temperature (T) between 23 and 25 °C and relative humidity (RH) (70-80%) triggered the pandemic spread by increase in the infected cases in northern and central Peninsular Malaysia. Selangor, WP Kuala Lumpur and WP Putrajaya show significantly high infected cases and a definite trend was not observed with respect to a particular meteorological factor. It is identified that high precipitation (PPT), RH and good air quality have reduced the spread in East Malaysia. A negative correlation of T and AQI and positive correlation of RH with total infected cases were found during MCO phase 3. Principal component analysis (PCA) indicated that T, RH, PPT, dew point (DP) and AQI are the main controlling factors for the spread across the country apart from social distancing. Vulnerability zones were identified based on the spatial analysis of T, RH, PPT and AQI with reference to total infected cases. Based on time series analysis, it was determined that higher RH and T in Peninsular Malaysia and high amount of PPT, RH and good air quality in East Malaysia have controlled the spreading during MCO phase 3. The predominance of D614 mutant was observed prior to March and decreases at the end of March, coinciding with the fluctuation of meteorological factors and air quality. The outcome of this study gives a general awareness to the public on COVID-19 and the influence of meteorological factors. It will also help the policymakers to enhance the management plans against the pandemic spreading apart from social distancing in the next wave of COVID-19. SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s10668-021-01719-z.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Prasanna Mohan Viswanathan
- Department of Applied Geology, Faculty of Engineering and Science, Curtin University, Malaysia, CDT 250, 98009 Miri, Sarawak Malaysia
| | - Chidambaram Sabarathinam
- Water Research Centre, Kuwait Institute for Scientific Research, P.O. Box 24885, 13109 Safat, Kuwait
| | - Shankar Karuppannan
- Department of Applied Geology, School of Applied Natural Science, Adama Science and Technology University, Adama, Ethiopia
| | - Gnanachandrasamy Gopalakrishnan
- School of Geography and Planning, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510275 People’s Republic of China
- Center for Earth, Environment and Resources, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510275 People’s Republic of China
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Zheng P, Zhou R, Yin L, Yin X, Mao Y, Wang H, Ye L, Zhu T. Emergency Response Measures for Anesthesia Nursing During the COVID-19 Pandemic: West China Hospital Experiences. Front Med (Lausanne) 2020; 7:460. [PMID: 32793621 PMCID: PMC7387662 DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2020.00460] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2020] [Accepted: 07/09/2020] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
During the COVID-19 pandemic, ensuring the gradual recovery of anesthesia nursing unit and avoiding cross-infection between surgical patients and staff are difficult problems for hospital managers. We outlined the emergency response measures and the transition to normal operation of the anesthesia nursing unit in West China Hospital, which is a large teaching hospital. This mainly included hospital and operating room channel management, three-level screening management of patients and medical staff, classification management of patients undergoing anesthesia and recovery, training management of medical personnel, strict environmental management, and online teaching management.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ping Zheng
- Department of Anesthesiology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.,West China School of Nursing, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Ruihao Zhou
- Department of Pain Management, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Lu Yin
- Department of Anesthesiology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.,West China School of Nursing, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Xiaorong Yin
- Department of Anesthesiology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.,West China School of Nursing, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Yongqiao Mao
- Department of Anesthesiology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.,West China School of Nursing, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Heng Wang
- Department of Anesthesiology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.,West China School of Nursing, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Ling Ye
- Department of Pain Management, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Tao Zhu
- Department of Anesthesiology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Song S. COVID-19 Is Further Subdivided Into COVIP-19 and COVII-19. Front Public Health 2020; 8:301. [PMID: 32612974 PMCID: PMC7308415 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2020.00301] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2020] [Accepted: 06/04/2020] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Shiliang Song
- Department of Internal Medicine, Taicang Hospital Affiliated to Suzhou University, Suzhou, China
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Miao Y, Fan L, Li JY. Potential Treatments for COVID-19 Related Cytokine Storm - Beyond Corticosteroids. Front Immunol 2020; 11:1445. [PMID: 32612616 PMCID: PMC7308586 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2020.01445] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2020] [Accepted: 06/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Yi Miao
- Department of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Jiangsu Province Hospital, Nanjing, China
- Key Laboratory of Hematology of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Lei Fan
- Department of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Jiangsu Province Hospital, Nanjing, China
- Key Laboratory of Hematology of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Jian-Yong Li
- Department of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Jiangsu Province Hospital, Nanjing, China
- Key Laboratory of Hematology of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Ragab D, Salah Eldin H, Taeimah M, Khattab R, Salem R. The COVID-19 Cytokine Storm; What We Know So Far. Front Immunol 2020; 11:1446. [PMID: 32612617 PMCID: PMC7308649 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2020.01446] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1017] [Impact Index Per Article: 254.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2020] [Accepted: 06/04/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
COVID-19 is a rapidly spreading global threat that has been declared as a pandemic by the WHO. COVID-19 is transmitted via droplets or direct contact and infects the respiratory tract resulting in pneumonia in most of the cases and acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) in about 15 % of the cases. Mortality in COVID-19 patients has been linked to the presence of the so-called "cytokine storm" induced by the virus. Excessive production of proinflammatory cytokines leads to ARDS aggravation and widespread tissue damage resulting in multi-organ failure and death. Targeting cytokines during the management of COVID-19 patients could improve survival rates and reduce mortality.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Dina Ragab
- Department of Clinical Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Haitham Salah Eldin
- Department of Chest Diseases, Faculty of Medicine, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Mohamed Taeimah
- Department of Anesthesia, Intensive Care and Pain Management, Faculty of Medicine, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Rasha Khattab
- Department of Radiology, Faculty of Medicine, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Ramy Salem
- Department of Clinical Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Poulas K, Farsalinos K, Zanidis C. Activation of TLR7 and Innate Immunity as an Efficient Method Against COVID-19 Pandemic: Imiquimod as a Potential Therapy. Front Immunol 2020; 11:1373. [PMID: 32612613 PMCID: PMC7307572 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2020.01373] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2020] [Accepted: 05/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Konstantinos Poulas
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology and Immunology, Department of Pharmacy, University of Patras, Patras, Greece
| | - Konstantinos Farsalinos
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology and Immunology, Department of Pharmacy, University of Patras, Patras, Greece
| | - Charilaos Zanidis
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology and Immunology, Department of Pharmacy, University of Patras, Patras, Greece
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Khan S, Liu J, Xue M. Transmission of SARS-CoV-2, Required Developments in Research and Associated Public Health Concerns. Front Med (Lausanne) 2020; 7:310. [PMID: 32582747 PMCID: PMC7295900 DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2020.00310] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2020] [Accepted: 05/28/2020] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) is rapidly spreading across the world to cause thousands of mortalities each day. Poor responses from the authorities to the spread of infection, lack of effective measures for prevention, unavailability of promising treatment options, and sufficient diagnostic options have created an alarming for the world. The transmission routes from human to human of SARS-CoV-2 can be the direct transmission, droplet inhalation transmission, contact transmission, transmission through saliva, and transmission via fecal-oral routes. Due to the asymptomatic spread of SARS-CoV-2's, developing control and prevention measures is challenging. Implementing proper strategies addressing the infection control and clinical supplies, understanding the mechanism associated with pathogenesis, advancing in preventive measures and effective treatment and diagnostic options are necessary to control the ongoing pandemic. In this article, we briefly discuss the features, entry mechanism, infectiousness, and health consequences related to the COVID-19 outbreak.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Suliman Khan
- Department of Cerebrovascular Diseases, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
- Department of Respiratory Diseases, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Jianbo Liu
- Department of Respiratory Diseases, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Mengzhou Xue
- Department of Cerebrovascular Diseases, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| |
Collapse
|