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Zhu C, Ekinci H, Pan A, Cui B, Zhu X. Electron beam lithography on nonplanar and irregular surfaces. MICROSYSTEMS & NANOENGINEERING 2024; 10:52. [PMID: 38646064 PMCID: PMC11031580 DOI: 10.1038/s41378-024-00682-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2023] [Revised: 01/19/2024] [Accepted: 02/23/2024] [Indexed: 04/23/2024]
Abstract
E-beam lithography is a powerful tool for generating nanostructures and fabricating nanodevices with fine features approaching a few nanometers in size. However, alternative approaches to conventional spin coating and development processes are required to optimize the lithography procedure on irregular surfaces. In this review, we summarize the state of the art in nanofabrication on irregular substrates using e-beam lithography. To overcome these challenges, unconventional methods have been developed. For instance, polymeric and nonpolymeric materials can be sprayed or evaporated to form uniform layers of electron-sensitive materials on irregular substrates. Moreover, chemical bonds can be applied to help form polymer brushes or self-assembled monolayers on these surfaces. In addition, thermal oxides can serve as resists, as the etching rate in solution changes after e-beam exposure. Furthermore, e-beam lithography tools can be combined with cryostages, evaporation systems, and metal deposition chambers for sample development and lift-off while maintaining low temperatures. Metallic nanopyramids can be fabricated on an AFM tip by utilizing ice as a positive resistor. Additionally, Ti/Au caps can be patterned around a carbon nanotube. Moreover, 3D nanostructures can be formed on irregular surfaces by exposing layers of anisole on organic ice surfaces with a focused e-beam. These advances in e-beam lithography on irregular substrates, including uniform film coating, instrumentation improvement, and new pattern transferring method development, substantially extend its capabilities in the fabrication and application of nanoscale structures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chenxu Zhu
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering and Waterloo Institute for Nanotechnology (WIN), University of Waterloo, Waterloo, ON Canada
| | - Huseyin Ekinci
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering and Waterloo Institute for Nanotechnology (WIN), University of Waterloo, Waterloo, ON Canada
| | - Aixi Pan
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering and Waterloo Institute for Nanotechnology (WIN), University of Waterloo, Waterloo, ON Canada
| | - Bo Cui
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering and Waterloo Institute for Nanotechnology (WIN), University of Waterloo, Waterloo, ON Canada
| | - Xiaoli Zhu
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering and Waterloo Institute for Nanotechnology (WIN), University of Waterloo, Waterloo, ON Canada
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2
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Rabeh ME, Vora LK, Moore JV, Bayan MF, McCoy CP, Wylie MP. Dual stimuli-responsive delivery system for self-regulated colon-targeted delivery of poorly water-soluble drugs. BIOMATERIALS ADVANCES 2024; 157:213735. [PMID: 38154402 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioadv.2023.213735] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2023] [Revised: 12/04/2023] [Accepted: 12/14/2023] [Indexed: 12/30/2023]
Abstract
Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) are chronic inflammatory conditions which cause significant patient morbidity. Local drug delivery to the colon can improve treatment efficacy and reduce side effects associated with IBD treatment. Smart drug delivery systems are designed to regulate the release of therapeutic agents at the desired site of action. pH-responsive drug carriers have been previously utilised for improved oral drug delivery beyond stomach harsh conditions. Additionally, the colon possesses a diverse microbiome secreting bioactive molecules e.g., enzymes, that can be exploited for targeted drug delivery. We herein synthesised and characterised a 2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate and methacrylic acid copolymer, crosslinked with an azobenzyl crosslinker, that displayed pH- and enzyme-responsive properties. The swelling and drug release from hydrogel were analysed in pH 1.2, 6.5 and 7.4 buffers, and in the presence of rat caecal matter using metronidazole and mesalamine as model BCS Class I and IV drugs, respectively. Swelling studies displayed pH-responsive swelling behaviour, where swelling was maximum at pH 7.4 and minimum at pH 1.2 (69 % versus 32 %). Consequently, drug release was limited in gastric and small intestinal conditions but increased significantly when exposed to colonic conditions containing caecal matter. This system displays promising capacity for achieving colon-targeted drug delivery with enhanced dissolution of poorly water-soluble drugs for local treatment of IBD and other colon-targeted therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohmmad E Rabeh
- School of Pharmacy, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast BT9 7BL, UK
| | | | - Jessica V Moore
- School of Pharmacy, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast BT9 7BL, UK
| | - Mohammad F Bayan
- School of Pharmacy, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast BT9 7BL, UK; Faculty of Pharmacy, Philadelphia University, P.O Box 1, Amman 19392, Jordan
| | - Colin P McCoy
- School of Pharmacy, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast BT9 7BL, UK.
| | - Matthew P Wylie
- School of Pharmacy, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast BT9 7BL, UK.
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3
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Wang C, Eisenreich F, Tomović Ž. Closed-Loop Recyclable High-Performance Polyimine Aerogels Derived from Bio-Based Resources. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2023; 35:e2209003. [PMID: 36495005 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202209003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2022] [Revised: 12/05/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Organic aerogels are an intriguing class of highly porous and ultralight materials which have found widespread applications in thermal insulation, energy storage, and chemical absorption. These fully cross-linked polymeric networks, however, pose environmental concerns as they are typically made from fossil-based feedstock and the recycling back to their original monomers is virtually impossible. In addition, organic aerogels suffer from low thermal stability and potential fire hazard. To overcome these obstacles and create next-generation organic aerogels, a set of polyimine aerogels containing reversible chemical bonds which can selectively be cleaved on demand is prepared. As precursors, different primary amines and cyclophosphazene derivatives made from bio-based reagents (vanillin and 4-hydroxybenzaldehyde) to elevate the thermal stability and reduce the environmental impact are used. The resulting polyimine aerogels exhibit low shrinkage, high porosity, large surface area, as well as pronounced thermal stability and flame resistance. More importantly, the aerogels show excellent recyclability under acidic conditions with high monomer recovery yields and purities. This approach allows for preparation of fresh aerogels from the retrieved building blocks, thus demonstrating efficient closed-loop recycling. These high-performance, recyclable, and bio-based polyimine aerogels pave the way for advanced and sustainable superinsulating materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Changlin Wang
- Polymer Performance Materials Group, Department of Chemical Engineering and Chemistry, Eindhoven University of Technology, Eindhoven, MB, 5600, The Netherlands
| | - Fabian Eisenreich
- Polymer Performance Materials Group, Department of Chemical Engineering and Chemistry, Eindhoven University of Technology, Eindhoven, MB, 5600, The Netherlands
| | - Željko Tomović
- Polymer Performance Materials Group, Department of Chemical Engineering and Chemistry, Eindhoven University of Technology, Eindhoven, MB, 5600, The Netherlands
- Institute for Complex Molecular Systems (ICMS), Eindhoven University of Technology, Eindhoven, MB, 5600, The Netherlands
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4
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Padhi SSP, Jimenez Bartolome M, Nyanhongo GS, Schwaiger N, Pellis A, van Herwijnen HWG, Guebitz GM. Role of Surface Enhancement in the Enzymatic Cross-Linking of Lignosulfonate Using Alternative Downstream Techniques. ACS OMEGA 2022; 7:23749-23758. [PMID: 35847290 PMCID: PMC9280766 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.2c02421] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Lignosulfonate (LS), one of the byproducts of the paper and pulp industry, was mainly used as an energy source in the last decade until the valorization of lignin through different functionalization methods grew in importance. Polymerization using multicopper oxidase laccase (from the Myceliophthora thermophila fungus) is one of such methods, which not only enhances properties such as hydrophobicity, flame retardancy, and bonding properties but can also be used for food and possesses pharmaceutical-like antimicrobial properties and aesthetic features of materials. Appropriate downstream processing methods are needed to produce solids that allow the preservation of particle morphology, a vital factor for the valorization process. In this work, an optimization of the enzymatic polymerization via spray-drying of LS was investigated. The response surface methodology was used to optimize the drying process, reduce the polymerization time, and maximize the dried mass yield. Particles formed showed a concave morphology and enhanced solubility while the temperature sensitivity of spray-drying protected the phenol functionalities beneficial for polymerization. Using the optimized parameters, a yield of 65% in a polymerization time of only 13 min was obtained. The experimental values were found to be in agreement with the predicted values of the factors (R 2: 95.2% and p-value: 0.0001), indicating the suitability of the model in predicting polymerization time and yield of the spray-drying process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sidhant Satya Prakash Padhi
- Wood
Kplus - Competence Center for Wood Composites & Wood Chemistry, Kompetenzzentrum Holz GmbH, Altenberger Straße 69, Linz A-4040, Austria
- Institute
of Environmental Biotechnology, University
of Natural Resources and Life Sciences, Vienna, Konrad Lorenz Strasse 20, Tulln an der Donau 3430, Austria
| | - Miguel Jimenez Bartolome
- Institute
of Environmental Biotechnology, University
of Natural Resources and Life Sciences, Vienna, Konrad Lorenz Strasse 20, Tulln an der Donau 3430, Austria
| | - Gibson Stephen Nyanhongo
- Institute
of Environmental Biotechnology, University
of Natural Resources and Life Sciences, Vienna, Konrad Lorenz Strasse 20, Tulln an der Donau 3430, Austria
- Department
of Biotechnology and Food Technology, University
of Johannesburg, P.O.
Box 17011, Doornfontein 2028, South Africa
| | | | - Alessandro Pellis
- Institute
of Environmental Biotechnology, University
of Natural Resources and Life Sciences, Vienna, Konrad Lorenz Strasse 20, Tulln an der Donau 3430, Austria
- Dipartimento
di Chimica e Chimica Industriale, Università
degli Studi di Genova, via Dodecaneso 31, Genova 16146, Italy
| | - Hendrikus W. G. van Herwijnen
- Wood
Kplus - Competence Center for Wood Composites & Wood Chemistry, Kompetenzzentrum Holz GmbH, Altenberger Straße 69, Linz A-4040, Austria
- Institute
of Wood Technology and Renewable Materials, University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences, Vienna, Konrad Lorenz Strasse 24, Tulln an der Donau 3430, Austria
| | - Georg M. Guebitz
- Institute
of Environmental Biotechnology, University
of Natural Resources and Life Sciences, Vienna, Konrad Lorenz Strasse 20, Tulln an der Donau 3430, Austria
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Peyravi A, Hashisho Z, Crompton D, Anderson JE. Porous carbon black-polymer composites for volatile organic compound adsorption and efficient microwave-assisted desorption. J Colloid Interface Sci 2022; 612:181-193. [PMID: 34992018 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2021.12.097] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2021] [Revised: 12/14/2021] [Accepted: 12/15/2021] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
Adsorbents with high surface area, thermal stability and microwave absorption ability are highly desired for cyclic adsorption and microwave regeneration processes. However, most polymeric adsorbents are transparent to microwaves. Herein, porous hyper-crosslinked polymers (HCP) of (4,4'-bis((chloromethyl)-1,1'-biphenyl-benzyl chloride)) with different carbon black (CB) contents were synthesized via the Friedel-Crafts reaction. CB was selected as the filler due to its low cost and high dielectric loss and was embedded inside the polymer structure during polymerization. CB-containing composites showed enhanced thermal stability at elevated temperatures, and more than a 90-times increase in the dielectric loss factor, which is favorable for microwave regeneration. Nitrogen physisorption analysis by the Bruner-Emmett-Teller isotherms demonstrated that CB presence in the polymer structure nonlinearly decreases the surface area and total pore volume (by 38% and 26%, respectively at the highest CB load). Based on the characterization testing, 4 wt% of CB was found to be an optimum filler content, having the highest MW absorption and minimal effect on the adsorbent porosity. HCP with 4 wt% CB allowed a substantial increase in the desorption temperature and yielded more than a 450% enhancement in the desorption efficiency compared to HCP without CB.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arman Peyravi
- University of Alberta, Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Edmonton, AB T6G 1H9, Canada
| | - Zaher Hashisho
- University of Alberta, Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Edmonton, AB T6G 1H9, Canada.
| | - David Crompton
- Ford Motor Company, Environmental Quality Office, Dearborn, MI 48121, USA
| | - James E Anderson
- Ford Motor Company, Research and Advanced Engineering, Dearborn, MI 48121, USA
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6
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Truong HAT, Mothe SR, Min JL, Tan HM, Jackson AW, Nguyen DT, Ye DKJ, Kanaujia P, Thoniyot P, Dang TT. Immuno-modulatory Effects of Microparticles Formulated from Degradable Polystyrene Analogue. Macromol Biosci 2022; 22:e2100472. [PMID: 35261175 DOI: 10.1002/mabi.202100472] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Environmental accumulation of non-degradable polystyrene (PS) microparticles from plastic waste poses potential adverse impact on marine life and human health. Herein, we formulate microparticles from a degradable polystyrene analogue (dePS) and comprehensively evaluate their immuno-modulatory characteristics. Both dePS copolymer and microparticles are chemically degradable under accelerated hydrolytic condition. In vitro studies show that dePS microparticles are non-toxic to three immortalized cell lines. While dePS microparticles do not induce macrophage polarization in vitro, dePS microparticles induce in vivo upregulation of both pro-inflammatory and anti-inflammatory biomarkers in immuno-competent mice, suggesting the coexistence of mixed phenotypes of macrophages in the host immune response to these microparticles. Interestingly, on day 7 post-injection, dePS microparticles induce a lower level of several immuno-modulatory biomarkers (MMPs activity, TNF-α, and arginase activity) compared to that of reference poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) PLGA microparticles. Remarkably, compared to PS microparticles, dePS microparticles exhibit similar in vitro and in vivo bioactivity while acquiring additional chemical degradability. Overall, our research gains new insights into the host immune response to dePS microparticles and suggests that this degradable polystyrene analogue might be explored as an alternative material choice for biomedical and consumer care applications. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hong Anh T Truong
- School of Chemical and Biomedical Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 70 Nanyang Avenue, Singapore, 637459, Singapore
| | - Srinivasa Reddy Mothe
- Institute of Chemical and Engineering Sciences (ICES), Agency for Science, Technology and Research (ASTAR), 1 Pesek Road, Jurong Island, Singapore, 627833, Singapore
| | - Jaclyn Lee Min
- School of Chemical and Biomedical Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 70 Nanyang Avenue, Singapore, 637459, Singapore
| | - Hui Min Tan
- School of Chemical and Biomedical Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 70 Nanyang Avenue, Singapore, 637459, Singapore
| | - Alexander W Jackson
- Institute of Chemical and Engineering Sciences (ICES), Agency for Science, Technology and Research (ASTAR), 1 Pesek Road, Jurong Island, Singapore, 627833, Singapore
| | - Dang Tri Nguyen
- School of Chemical and Biomedical Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 70 Nanyang Avenue, Singapore, 637459, Singapore
| | - Danson Kwong Jia Ye
- School of Chemical and Biomedical Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 70 Nanyang Avenue, Singapore, 637459, Singapore
| | - Parijat Kanaujia
- Institute of Chemical and Engineering Sciences (ICES), Agency for Science, Technology and Research (ASTAR), 1 Pesek Road, Jurong Island, Singapore, 627833, Singapore
| | - Praveen Thoniyot
- Institute of Chemical and Engineering Sciences (ICES), Agency for Science, Technology and Research (ASTAR), 1 Pesek Road, Jurong Island, Singapore, 627833, Singapore
| | - Tram Thuy Dang
- School of Chemical and Biomedical Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 70 Nanyang Avenue, Singapore, 637459, Singapore
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7
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Henn KA, Forsman N, Zou T, Österberg M. Colloidal Lignin Particles and Epoxies for Bio-Based, Durable, and Multiresistant Nanostructured Coatings. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2021; 13:34793-34806. [PMID: 34261310 PMCID: PMC8397241 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.1c06087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
There is a need for safe and sustainable alternatives in the coating industry. Bio-based coatings are interesting in this perspective. Although various oils and waxes have been used as traditional wood coatings, they often lack sufficient durability. Lignin is an abundant natural polyphenol that can be used to cure epoxies, but its poor water solubility has impeded the use of unmodified lignin in coatings in the past. To address this issue, water-dispersible colloidal lignin particles (CLPs) and an epoxy compound, glycerol diglycidyl ether (GDE), were used to prepare multiprotective bio-based surface coatings. With the GDE/CLP ratios of 0.65 and 0.52 g/g, the cured CLP-GDE films became highly resistant to abrasion and heat. When applied as a coating on wooden substrates, the particulate morphology enabled effective protection against water, stains, and sunlight with very thin layers (less than half the weight of commercial coatings) while retaining the wood's breathability excellently. Optimal hydrophobicity was reached with a coat weight of 6.9 g(CLP)/m2, resulting in water contact angle values of up to 120°. Due to their spherical shape and chemical structure, the CLPs acted as both a hardener and a particulate component in the coating, which removed the need for an underlying binding polymer matrix. Light interferometry measurements showed that while commercial polymeric film-forming coatings smoothened the substrate noticeably, the particulate morphology retained the substrate's roughness in lightweight coatings, allowing for a high water contact angle. This work presents new strategies for lignin applications in durable particulate coatings and their advantages compared to both currently used synthetic and bio-based coatings.
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8
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Machinable green bodies by dry pressing of alumina powder using natural rubber latex as a cross-linkable binder. POWDER TECHNOL 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.powtec.2021.02.054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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10
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Goudar N, Vanjeri VN, Dixit S, Hiremani V, Sataraddi S, Gasti T, Vootla SK, Masti SP, Chougale RB. Evaluation of multifunctional properties of gallic acid crosslinked Poly (vinyl alcohol)/Tragacanth Gum blend films for food packaging applications. Int J Biol Macromol 2020; 158:139-149. [PMID: 32360200 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2020.04.223] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/29/2020] [Revised: 04/23/2020] [Accepted: 04/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
The natural polymer Tragacanth Gum is less explored as a supporting matrix, there are very less studies conducted using this polymer in literature. So the present study aims to explore the consequences of different weight percent (wt.%) of gallic acid (GA) on physicochemical properties of Poly (vinyl alcohol)/Tragacanth Gum blend films. The incorporation of GA resulted in more strengthened but less flexible films as confirmed by tensile tests. DSC studies confirmed the miscibility of composite films in the given composition range and TGA studies revealed increased thermal stability. The morphological studies revealed a homogeneous distribution of GA at lower wt.% in the blend system. X-Ray Diffraction study depicted; the added GA lost crystalline structure after incorporating it into the blend. The Water Vapor Transmission Rate (WVTR) was improved after the incorporation of GA into the blend system. Overall migration studies revealed the limited release of GA from the matrix into food simulants. Soil degradation rate increased as the wt.% of GA increased. The composite films presented strong antioxidant activity; therefore, prepared composite films could be used as an alternative to current packaging materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naganagouda Goudar
- P G Department of Studies in Chemistry, Karnatak University, Dharwad - 580 003, India
| | - Vinayak N Vanjeri
- P G Department of Studies in Chemistry, Karnatak University, Dharwad - 580 003, India
| | - Shruti Dixit
- Department of Biotechnology and Microbiology, Karnatak University, Dharwad - 580 003, India
| | - Vishram Hiremani
- P G Department of Studies in Chemistry, Karnatak University, Dharwad - 580 003, India
| | - Sarala Sataraddi
- P G Department of Studies in Chemistry, Karnatak University, Dharwad - 580 003, India
| | - Tilak Gasti
- P G Department of Studies in Chemistry, Karnatak University, Dharwad - 580 003, India
| | - Shyam Kumar Vootla
- Department of Biotechnology and Microbiology, Karnatak University, Dharwad - 580 003, India
| | - Saraswati P Masti
- Department of Chemistry, Karnatak Science College, Dharwad - 580 001, India
| | - Ravindra B Chougale
- P G Department of Studies in Chemistry, Karnatak University, Dharwad - 580 003, India.
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11
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Rohm K, Manas-Zloczower I, Feke D. Poly(HIPE) morphology, crosslink density, and mechanical properties influenced by surfactant concentration and composition. Colloids Surf A Physicochem Eng Asp 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfa.2019.123913] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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12
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Molina-Gutiérrez S, Ladmiral V, Bongiovanni R, Caillol S, Lacroix-Desmazes P. Emulsion Polymerization of Dihydroeugenol-, Eugenol-, and Isoeugenol-Derived Methacrylates. Ind Eng Chem Res 2019. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.iecr.9b02338] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Samantha Molina-Gutiérrez
- ICGM, CNRS, ENSCM, University of Montpellier, 34095, Montpellier, France
- DISAT, Politecnico di Torino, 10129, Torino, Italy
| | - Vincent Ladmiral
- ICGM, CNRS, ENSCM, University of Montpellier, 34095, Montpellier, France
| | | | - Sylvain Caillol
- ICGM, CNRS, ENSCM, University of Montpellier, 34095, Montpellier, France
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Baig N, Shetty S, Al-Mousawi S, Al-Sagheer F, Alameddine B. Synthesis of triptycene-derived covalent organic polymer networks and their subsequent in-situ functionalization with 1,2-dicarbonyl substituents. REACT FUNCT POLYM 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.reactfunctpolym.2019.04.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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14
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Przybysz M, Zedler Ł, Saeb MR, Formela K. Structure-property relationships in peroxide-assisted blends of poly(ε-caprolactone) and poly(3-hydroxybutyrate). REACT FUNCT POLYM 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.reactfunctpolym.2018.04.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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15
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Ghafari M, Atkinson JD. Tailoring the pore size distribution of self-cross-linked 4,4′-bis(chloromethyl)-1,1′-biphenyl polymers using reactive and non-reactive co-solvents. POLYMER 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.polymer.2018.03.053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
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16
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Baby M, Pal R, Francis N, Sudhi S. Novolac epoxy resin from 4,4′-dihydroxybenzophenone: Thermal, thermomechanical, interfacial, and cure kinetics with DGEBA/DICY blend. J Appl Polym Sci 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/app.46164] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Monisha Baby
- Polymers and Special Chemicals Division, Polymers and Special Chemicals Group, Propellants Chemicals and Materials Entity; Vikram Sarabhai Space Centre; Trivandrum 695022 Kerela India
| | - Ranajit Pal
- Polymers and Special Chemicals Division, Polymers and Special Chemicals Group, Propellants Chemicals and Materials Entity; Vikram Sarabhai Space Centre; Trivandrum 695022 Kerela India
| | - Nimmy Francis
- Polymers and Special Chemicals Division, Polymers and Special Chemicals Group, Propellants Chemicals and Materials Entity; Vikram Sarabhai Space Centre; Trivandrum 695022 Kerela India
| | - Suraj Sudhi
- Polymers and Special Chemicals Division, Polymers and Special Chemicals Group, Propellants Chemicals and Materials Entity; Vikram Sarabhai Space Centre; Trivandrum 695022 Kerela India
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17
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Aydinoglu F, Yamada H, Dey RK, Cui B. Grafted Polystyrene Monolayer Brush as Both Negative and Positive Tone Electron Beam Resist. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2017; 33:4981-4985. [PMID: 28459586 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.7b00412] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Although spin coating is the most widely used electron-beam resist coating technique in nanolithography, it cannot typically be applied for nonflat or irregular surfaces. Here, we demonstrate that monolayer polystyrene brush can be grafted on substrates and used as both positive and negative electron-beam resist, which can be applied for such unconventional surfaces. Polystyrene is a popular negative resist when using solvent developer but solvent cannot be used for grafted polystyrene brush that is firmly bonded to the substrate. Instead, we employed two unconventional development methods to lead polystyrene brush to positive or negative tone behavior. Negative tone was achieved by thermal development at 300 °C because exposed thus cross-linked polystyrene brush is more thermally stable against vaporization than unexposed linear one. Surprisingly, positive tone behavior occurred when the brush was grafted onto an aluminum (Al) layer and the film stack was developed using diluted hydrofluoric acid (HF) that etched the underlying Al layer. By transferring the patterns into the silicon (Si) substrates using the thin Al layer as a sacrificial hard mask for dry etch, well-defined structures in Si were obtained in two different electron-beam resist tones as well as in nonflat surfaces.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ferhat Aydinoglu
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering and Waterloo Institute for Nanotechnology (WIN), University of Waterloo , 200 University Avenue West, Waterloo, Ontario N2L 3G1, Canada
| | - Hirotaka Yamada
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering and Waterloo Institute for Nanotechnology (WIN), University of Waterloo , 200 University Avenue West, Waterloo, Ontario N2L 3G1, Canada
| | - Ripon K Dey
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering and Waterloo Institute for Nanotechnology (WIN), University of Waterloo , 200 University Avenue West, Waterloo, Ontario N2L 3G1, Canada
| | - Bo Cui
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering and Waterloo Institute for Nanotechnology (WIN), University of Waterloo , 200 University Avenue West, Waterloo, Ontario N2L 3G1, Canada
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18
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Ghafari M, Atkinson JD. One-step hyper-cross-linking of porous styrenic polymers using dichloroalkane cross-linkers to maintain hydrophobicity. POLYMER 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.polymer.2017.03.082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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19
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Baruah R, Kumar A, Ujjwal RR, Kedia S, Ranjan A, Ojha U. Recyclable Thermosets Based on Dynamic Amidation and Aza-Michael Addition Chemistry. Macromolecules 2016. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.6b01807] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Ranjana Baruah
- Department of Chemistry and ‡Department of Chemical Engineering, Rajiv Gandhi Institute of Petroleum Technology, Rae Bareli, UP 229316, India
| | - Anuj Kumar
- Department of Chemistry and ‡Department of Chemical Engineering, Rajiv Gandhi Institute of Petroleum Technology, Rae Bareli, UP 229316, India
| | - Rewati Raman Ujjwal
- Department of Chemistry and ‡Department of Chemical Engineering, Rajiv Gandhi Institute of Petroleum Technology, Rae Bareli, UP 229316, India
| | - Soumya Kedia
- Department of Chemistry and ‡Department of Chemical Engineering, Rajiv Gandhi Institute of Petroleum Technology, Rae Bareli, UP 229316, India
| | - Amit Ranjan
- Department of Chemistry and ‡Department of Chemical Engineering, Rajiv Gandhi Institute of Petroleum Technology, Rae Bareli, UP 229316, India
| | - Umaprasana Ojha
- Department of Chemistry and ‡Department of Chemical Engineering, Rajiv Gandhi Institute of Petroleum Technology, Rae Bareli, UP 229316, India
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20
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Crosslinking of agarose bioplastic using citric acid. Carbohydr Polym 2016; 151:60-67. [DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2016.05.040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2015] [Revised: 05/06/2016] [Accepted: 05/12/2016] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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21
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Li Q, Jin S, Tan B. Template-mediated Synthesis of Hollow Microporous Organic Nanorods with Tunable Aspect Ratio. Sci Rep 2016; 6:31359. [PMID: 27506370 PMCID: PMC4979212 DOI: 10.1038/srep31359] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2016] [Accepted: 07/18/2016] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Hollow microporous organic nanorods (HMORs) with hypercrosslinked polymer (HCPs) shells were synthesized through emulsion polymerization followed by hypercrosslinking. The HMORs have tunable aspect ratios, high BET surface areas and monodispersed morphologies, showing good performance in gas adsorpion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qingyin Li
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430074, China
| | - Shangbin Jin
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430074, China
| | - Bien Tan
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430074, China
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22
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Gong X, Shi D, Zeng H, Yang Y, Jiang T, Zhang Q, Jiang S, Li RKY, Mai YW. Facile One Pot Polycondensation Method to Synthesize the Crosslinked Polyethylene glycol-Based Copolymer Electrolytes. MACROMOL CHEM PHYS 2016. [DOI: 10.1002/macp.201600040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Xianjing Gong
- School of Materials Science and Engineering; Tianjin University; Weijin Road No. 92 Tianjin 300072 China
| | - Dean Shi
- School of Materials Science and Engineering; Hubei University; Youyi Avenue No. 368 Wuhan 430062 China
| | - Huihui Zeng
- School of Materials Science and Engineering; Hubei University; Youyi Avenue No. 368 Wuhan 430062 China
| | - Yingkui Yang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering; Hubei University; Youyi Avenue No. 368 Wuhan 430062 China
| | - Tao Jiang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering; Hubei University; Youyi Avenue No. 368 Wuhan 430062 China
| | - Qunchao Zhang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering; Hubei University; Youyi Avenue No. 368 Wuhan 430062 China
| | - Shichun Jiang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering; Tianjin University; Weijin Road No. 92 Tianjin 300072 China
| | - Robert K. Y. Li
- Department of Physics and Materials Science; City University of Hong Kong; Tat Chee Avenue Kowloon Hong Kong China
| | - Yiu-Wing Mai
- Centre for Advanced Materials Technology (CAMT); School of Aerospace; Mechanical and Mechatronic Engineering J07; The University of Sydney; Sydney NSW 2006 Australia
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23
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Chen HB, Zhao HB, Huang W, Shen P. Effects of Gamma Irradiation on Clay Membrane with Poly(vinyl alcohol) for Fire Retardancy. Ind Eng Chem Res 2015. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.iecr.5b02703] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Hong-Bing Chen
- Institute
of Nuclear Physics and Chemistry, China Academy of Engineering Physics, Mianyang 621000, China
| | - Hai-Bo Zhao
- Research
Center of Laser Fusion, China Academy of Engineering Physics, Mianyang 621000, China
| | - Wei Huang
- Institute
of Nuclear Physics and Chemistry, China Academy of Engineering Physics, Mianyang 621000, China
| | - Peng Shen
- Institute
of Nuclear Physics and Chemistry, China Academy of Engineering Physics, Mianyang 621000, China
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24
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María Herrera-González A, Cuevas-Suárez CE, Caldera-Villalobos M, Pérez-Mondragón AA. Photopolymerizable bisallylcarbonate and bisacrylic monomers useful in the formulation of dental composite resins and in the crosslinking of methyl methacrylate. J Appl Polym Sci 2015. [DOI: 10.1002/app.42920] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ana María Herrera-González
- Universidad Autónoma del Estado de Hidalgo, Instituto de Ciencias Básicas e Ingeniería, Área Académica de Ciencias de la Tierra y Materiales, Laboratorio de Polímeros; Carretera Pachuca-Tulancingo Km. 4.5 Colonia Carboneras, Mineral de la Reforma Hidalgo, Código Postal 42184 México
| | - Carlos Enrique Cuevas-Suárez
- Universidad Autónoma del Estado de Hidalgo, Instituto de Ciencias de la Salud; Área Académica de Odontología, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de Hidalgo; Circuito ex Hacienda la Concepción Km. 1.5 San Agustín Tlaxiaca, Hidalgo, Código Postal 42160 México
| | - Martín Caldera-Villalobos
- Maestría en Ciencias de los Materiales, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de Hidalgo; Carretera Pachuca-Tulancingo Km. 4.5 Colonia Carboneras, Mineral de la Reforma Hidalgo, Código Postal 42184 México
| | - Alma Antonia Pérez-Mondragón
- Maestría en Ciencias de los Materiales, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de Hidalgo; Carretera Pachuca-Tulancingo Km. 4.5 Colonia Carboneras, Mineral de la Reforma Hidalgo, Código Postal 42184 México
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25
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Figueiredo AR, Figueiredo AG, Silva NH, Barros-Timmons A, Almeida A, Silvestre AJ, Freire CS. Antimicrobial bacterial cellulose nanocomposites prepared by in situ polymerization of 2-aminoethyl methacrylate. Carbohydr Polym 2015; 123:443-53. [DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2015.01.063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2014] [Revised: 09/11/2014] [Accepted: 01/28/2015] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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26
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Braun U, Eisentraut P, Fuchs S, Deglmann P. Sulphurous additives for polystyrene: Influencing decomposition behavior in the condensed phase. J Appl Polym Sci 2014. [DOI: 10.1002/app.41665] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ulrike Braun
- BAM Federal Institute for Materials Research and Testing; Unter den Eichen 87; Berlin 12200 Germany
| | - Paul Eisentraut
- BAM Federal Institute for Materials Research and Testing; Unter den Eichen 87; Berlin 12200 Germany
| | - Sabine Fuchs
- BASF SE; Carl-Bosch-Str. 38 Ludwigshafen 67056 Germany
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27
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Coreño Alonso J, Cruz Aguilar A, Cuevas-Suárez CE, Vázquez García RÁ, Herrera-González AM. Synthesis of two PET waste derived bisacrylic and bisallylic monomers and their potential use as crosslinking agents and dental resin composites. J Appl Polym Sci 2014. [DOI: 10.1002/app.41487] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Juan Coreño Alonso
- Universidad Autónoma del Estado de Hidalgo, Instituto de Ciencias Básicas e Ingeniería, Área Académica de Ciencias de la Tierra y Materiales; Laboratorio de Polímeros. Carretera Pachuca-Tulancingo Km. 4.5 Colonia Carboneras, Mineral de la Reforma; Hidalgo 42183 México
| | - Antonio Cruz Aguilar
- Universidad Autónoma del Estado de Hidalgo, Doctorado en Ciencia de los Materiales; Área Académica de Ciencias de la Tierra y Materiales
| | - Carlos Enrique Cuevas-Suárez
- Universidad Autónoma del Estado de Hidalgo - Instituto de Ciencias de la Salud, Área Académica de Odontología. Ex Hacienda La Concepción s/n, San Agustín Tlaxiaca; Hidalgo 42160 México
| | - Rosa Ángeles Vázquez García
- Universidad Autónoma del Estado de Hidalgo, Instituto de Ciencias Básicas e Ingeniería, Área Académica de Ciencias de la Tierra y Materiales; Laboratorio de Polímeros. Carretera Pachuca-Tulancingo Km. 4.5 Colonia Carboneras, Mineral de la Reforma; Hidalgo 42183 México
| | - Ana María Herrera-González
- Universidad Autónoma del Estado de Hidalgo, Instituto de Ciencias Básicas e Ingeniería, Área Académica de Ciencias de la Tierra y Materiales; Laboratorio de Polímeros. Carretera Pachuca-Tulancingo Km. 4.5 Colonia Carboneras, Mineral de la Reforma; Hidalgo 42183 México
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28
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Chen HB, Liu B, Huang W, Wang JS, Zeng G, Wu WH, Schiraldi DA. Fabrication and properties of irradiation-cross-linked poly(vinyl alcohol)/clay aerogel composites. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2014; 6:16227-16236. [PMID: 25164075 DOI: 10.1021/am504418w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
Poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVOH)/clay aerogel composites were fabricated by an environmentally friendly freeze-drying of the aqueous precursor suspensions, followed by cross-linking induced by gamma irradiation without chemical additives. The influences of cross-linking conditions, i.e., absorbed dose and polymer loading as well as density on the aerogel structure and properties, were investigated. The absorbed dose of 30 kGy was found to be the optimum dose for fabricating strong PVOH composites; the compressive modulus of an aerogel prepared from an aqueous suspension containing 2 wt % PVOH/8 wt % clay increased 10-fold, and that containing 1 wt % PVOH/9 wt % clay increased 12 times upon cross-linking with a dose of 30 kGy. Increasing the solids concentration led to an increase in the mechanical strength, in accordance with the changes in microstructure from layered structure to network structure. The increase of absorbed dose also led to decreased porous size of the network structure. Cross-linking and the increase of the PVOH lead to decreased thermal stability. The strengthened PVOH/clay aerogels possess very low flammability, as measured by cone calorimetry, with heat, smoke, and volatile products release value decreasing as increasing clay content. The mechanism of flame retardation in these materials was investigated with weight loss, FTIR, WAXD, and SEM of the burned residues. The proposed mechanism is that with decreasing fuel content (increasing clay content), increased heat and mass transport barriers are developed; simultaneously low levels of thermal conductivity are maintained during the burning.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hong-Bing Chen
- Institute of Nuclear Physics and Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Engineering Physics , Mianyang, Sichuan 621000, China
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29
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30
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Urrutia P, Bernal C, Escobar S, Santa C, Mesa M, Wilson L, Illanes A. Influence of chitosan derivatization on its physicochemical characteristics and its use as enzyme support. J Appl Polym Sci 2013. [DOI: 10.1002/app.40171] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Paulina Urrutia
- Escuela de Ingeniería Bioquímica; Pontificia Universidad Católica de Valparaíso; Avenida Brasil 2147 Valparaíso Chile
| | - Claudia Bernal
- Escuela de Ingeniería Bioquímica; Pontificia Universidad Católica de Valparaíso; Avenida Brasil 2147 Valparaíso Chile
- Grupo Ciencia de los Materiales; Instituto de Química; Universidad de Antioquia. Medellin; Colombia
| | - Sindy Escobar
- Grupo Ciencia de los Materiales; Instituto de Química; Universidad de Antioquia. Medellin; Colombia
| | - Cristiam Santa
- Grupo Ciencia de los Materiales; Instituto de Química; Universidad de Antioquia. Medellin; Colombia
| | - Monica Mesa
- Grupo Ciencia de los Materiales; Instituto de Química; Universidad de Antioquia. Medellin; Colombia
| | - Lorena Wilson
- Escuela de Ingeniería Bioquímica; Pontificia Universidad Católica de Valparaíso; Avenida Brasil 2147 Valparaíso Chile
| | - Andres Illanes
- Escuela de Ingeniería Bioquímica; Pontificia Universidad Católica de Valparaíso; Avenida Brasil 2147 Valparaíso Chile
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31
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Lattuada M, Del Gado E, Abete T, de Arcangelis L, Lazzari S, Diederich V, Storti G, Morbidelli M. Kinetics of Free-Radical Cross-Linking Polymerization: Comparative Experimental and Numerical Study. Macromolecules 2013. [DOI: 10.1021/ma4012347] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Marco Lattuada
- Adolphe Merkle Institute, University of Fribourg, route de l’ancienne
Papeterie CP 209, CH-1723 Marly 1, Switzerland
| | - Emanuela Del Gado
- Institute for Building Materials, ETH Zurich, Schafmattstrasse 6, CH-8093 Zurich
| | - Tiziana Abete
- Department of Physical Sciences
and SPIN, University of Naples “Federico II”, Complesso Universitario di Monte Sant’Angelo, via Cintia
80126 Napoli, Italy
| | - Lucilla de Arcangelis
- Department
of Industrial and Information
Engineering and CNISM, Second University of Naples, via Roma 29, 81031 Aversa (CE), Italy
| | - Stefano Lazzari
- Institute for Chemical and Bioengineering, ETH Zurich, Wolfgang-Pauli-Strasse 10, CH-8093 Zurich
| | - Vincent Diederich
- Institute for Chemical and Bioengineering, ETH Zurich, Wolfgang-Pauli-Strasse 10, CH-8093 Zurich
| | - Giuseppe Storti
- Institute for Chemical and Bioengineering, ETH Zurich, Wolfgang-Pauli-Strasse 10, CH-8093 Zurich
| | - Massimo Morbidelli
- Institute for Chemical and Bioengineering, ETH Zurich, Wolfgang-Pauli-Strasse 10, CH-8093 Zurich
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32
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Highly ordered alignment of a vinyl polymer by host–guest cross-polymerization. Nat Chem 2013; 5:335-41. [DOI: 10.1038/nchem.1576] [Citation(s) in RCA: 154] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2012] [Accepted: 01/15/2013] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
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33
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34
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Wang L, Maruf SH, Maniglio D, Ding Y. Fabrication and characterizations of crosslinked porous polymer films with varying chemical compositions. POLYMER 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/j.polymer.2012.06.035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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35
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Esquivel-Guzmán JA, Zaragoza-Galán G, Ortíz-Palacios J, Rivera E. Synthesis and characterization of novel polymers bearing fluorescein units: thermal and optical properties. Des Monomers Polym 2012. [DOI: 10.1080/1385772x.2012.688339] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Jair A. Esquivel-Guzmán
- a Instituto de Investigaciones en Materiales, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad Universitaria , C.P. 04510, México D.F. , México
| | - Gerardo Zaragoza-Galán
- a Instituto de Investigaciones en Materiales, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad Universitaria , C.P. 04510, México D.F. , México
| | - Jesús Ortíz-Palacios
- a Instituto de Investigaciones en Materiales, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad Universitaria , C.P. 04510, México D.F. , México
| | - Ernesto Rivera
- a Instituto de Investigaciones en Materiales, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad Universitaria , C.P. 04510, México D.F. , México
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36
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Li C, Cheng J, Jian Y, Chang W, Nie J. Photopolymerization kinetics and thermal properties of dimethacrylate based on bisphenol-S. J Appl Polym Sci 2012. [DOI: 10.1002/app.37511] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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37
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You B, Zhou D, Zhang S, Yang F, Ren X. Preparation of core-shell nanoparticle-based hindered amine stabilizer and its application in polyoxymethylene. J Appl Polym Sci 2012. [DOI: 10.1002/app.36923] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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38
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Zhao Y, Yan N, Feng M. Polyurethane foams derived from liquefied mountain pine beetle-infested barks. J Appl Polym Sci 2011. [DOI: 10.1002/app.34806] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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39
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Barral S, Guerreiro A, Villa-García MA, Rendueles M, Díaz M, Piletsky S. Synthesis of 2-(diethylamino)ethyl methacrylate-based polymers. REACT FUNCT POLYM 2010. [DOI: 10.1016/j.reactfunctpolym.2010.08.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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40
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Schroeder WF, Aranguren MI, Borrajo J. Reactivity ratios and copolymer composition evolution during styrene/dimethacrylate free-radical crosslinking copolymerization. J Appl Polym Sci 2010. [DOI: 10.1002/app.31137] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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41
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Hasegawa J, Kanamori K, Nakanishi K, Hanada T. Macro- and microporous carbon monoliths with high surface areas pyrolyzed from poly(divinylbenzene) networks. CR CHIM 2010. [DOI: 10.1016/j.crci.2009.04.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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42
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Guillet-Nicolas R, Marcoux L, Kleitz F. Insights into pore surface modification of mesoporous polymer–silica composites: introduction of reactive amines. NEW J CHEM 2010. [DOI: 10.1039/b9nj00478e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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43
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Li L, Li J, Zhong Y, Chen C, Ben Y, Gong J, Ma Z. Formation of ceramic microstructures: honeycomb patterned polymer films as structure-directing agent. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2010. [DOI: 10.1039/c0jm00405g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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44
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Li L, Zhong Y, Li J, Chen C, Zhang A, Xu J, Ma Z. Thermally stable and solvent resistant honeycomb structured polystyrene films via photochemical cross-linking. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2009. [DOI: 10.1039/b911714h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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45
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46
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Holland N, Duggan P, Owens E, Cummins W, Frisby J, Hughes H, McLoughlin P. Thermal desorption characterisation of molecularly imprinted polymers. Part II: Use of direct probe GC–MS analysis to study crosslinking effects. Anal Bioanal Chem 2008; 391:1245-53. [DOI: 10.1007/s00216-008-1974-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2008] [Accepted: 02/11/2008] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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47
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Thermal desorption characterisation of molecularly imprinted polymers. Part I: a novel study using direct-probe GC-MS analysis. Anal Bioanal Chem 2008; 391:1237-44. [DOI: 10.1007/s00216-008-1965-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2008] [Accepted: 02/08/2008] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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48
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Kogler FR, Schubert U. Crosslinking vs. filler effect of carboxylate-substituted zirconium oxo clusters on the thermal stability of polystyrene. POLYMER 2007. [DOI: 10.1016/j.polymer.2007.06.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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49
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Kogler FR, Koch T, Peterlik H, Seidler S, Schubert U. Mechanical, thermomechanical, and thermal properties of polystyrene crosslinked with a multifunctional zirconium oxo cluster. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2007. [DOI: 10.1002/polb.21224] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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50
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Hulubei C, Vlad CD, Dinu MV. New Crosslinked Bead-like Copolymers Based on N-p-carboxyphenyl-Maleimide. HIGH PERFORM POLYM 2006. [DOI: 10.1177/0954008306059341] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Porous copolymers in bead form (0.1-1.0 mm in diameter) based on trimethylolpropane triacry-xlate and N- p-carboxyphenyl-maleimide were prepared by a suspension polymerization technique. The copolymers were characterized by IR spectroscopy and swelling behavior. Thermogravimetric analysis shows a good thermal stability, in dependence on the synthesis conditions. The ion exchange properties have also been discussed
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Affiliation(s)
- Camelia Hulubei
- “Petru Poni” Institute of Macromolecular Chemistry, Iasi, Romania
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