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Douglass M, Garren M, Devine R, Mondal A, Handa H. Bio-inspired hemocompatible surface modifications for biomedical applications. PROGRESS IN MATERIALS SCIENCE 2022; 130:100997. [PMID: 36660552 PMCID: PMC9844968 DOI: 10.1016/j.pmatsci.2022.100997] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
When blood first encounters the artificial surface of a medical device, a complex series of biochemical reactions is triggered, potentially resulting in clinical complications such as embolism/occlusion, inflammation, or device failure. Preventing thrombus formation on the surface of blood-contacting devices is crucial for maintaining device functionality and patient safety. As the number of patients reliant on blood-contacting devices continues to grow, minimizing the risk associated with these devices is vital towards lowering healthcare-associated morbidity and mortality. The current standard clinical practice primarily requires the systemic administration of anticoagulants such as heparin, which can result in serious complications such as post-operative bleeding and heparin-induced thrombocytopenia (HIT). Due to these complications, the administration of antithrombotic agents remains one of the leading causes of clinical drug-related deaths. To reduce the side effects spurred by systemic anticoagulation, researchers have been inspired by the hemocompatibility exhibited by natural phenomena, and thus have begun developing medical-grade surfaces which aim to exhibit total hemocompatibility via biomimicry. This review paper aims to address different bio-inspired surface modifications that increase hemocompatibility, discuss the limitations of each method, and explore the future direction for hemocompatible surface research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Megan Douglass
- School of Chemical, Materials and Biomedical Engineering, College of Engineering, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, USA
| | - Mark Garren
- School of Chemical, Materials and Biomedical Engineering, College of Engineering, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, USA
| | - Ryan Devine
- School of Chemical, Materials and Biomedical Engineering, College of Engineering, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, USA
| | - Arnab Mondal
- School of Chemical, Materials and Biomedical Engineering, College of Engineering, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, USA
| | - Hitesh Handa
- School of Chemical, Materials and Biomedical Engineering, College of Engineering, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, USA
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Biomedical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, USA
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2
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Große-Berkenbusch K, Avci-Adali M, Arnold M, Cahalan L, Cahalan P, Velic A, Maček B, Schlensak C, Wendel HP, Stoppelkamp S. Profiling of time-dependent human plasma protein adsorption on non-coated and heparin-coated oxygenator membranes. BIOMATERIALS ADVANCES 2022; 139:213014. [PMID: 35882160 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioadv.2022.213014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2022] [Revised: 06/02/2022] [Accepted: 06/30/2022] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Patients with severe lung diseases are highly dependent on lung support systems. Despite many improvements, long-term use is not possible, mainly because of the strong body defence reactions (e.g. coagulation, complement system, inflammation and cell activation). The systematic characterization of adsorbed proteins on the gas exchange membrane of the lung system over time can provide insights into the course of various defence reactions and identify possible targets for surface modifications. Using comprehensive mass spectrometry analyses of desorbed proteins, we were able to identify for the first time binding profiles of over 500 proteins over a period of six hours on non-coated and heparin-coated PMP hollow fiber membranes. We observed a higher degree of remodeling of the protein layer on the non-coated membrane than on the coated membrane. In general, there was a higher protein binding on the coated membrane with exception of proteins with a heparin-binding site. Focusing on the most important pathways showed that almost all coagulation factors bound in higher amounts to the non-coated membranes. Furthermore, we could show that the initiator proteins of the complement system bound stronger to the heparinized membranes, but the subsequently activated proteins bound stronger to the non-coated membranes, thus complement activation on heparinized surfaces is mainly due to the alternative complement pathway. Our results provide a comprehensive insight into plasma protein adsorption on oxygenator membranes over time and point to new ways to better understand the processes on the membranes and to develop new specific surface modifications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katharina Große-Berkenbusch
- Clinical Research Laboratory, Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, University Hospital Tübingen, University of Tübingen, Calwerstr. 7/1, 72076 Tübingen, Germany
| | - Meltem Avci-Adali
- Clinical Research Laboratory, Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, University Hospital Tübingen, University of Tübingen, Calwerstr. 7/1, 72076 Tübingen, Germany
| | - Madeleine Arnold
- Clinical Research Laboratory, Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, University Hospital Tübingen, University of Tübingen, Calwerstr. 7/1, 72076 Tübingen, Germany
| | - Linda Cahalan
- Ension Inc, 508 Pittsburg Road, Butler, PA 16002, United States of America
| | - Patrick Cahalan
- Ension Inc, 508 Pittsburg Road, Butler, PA 16002, United States of America
| | - Ana Velic
- Proteome Center Tübingen, Interfaculty Institute for Cell Biology, University of Tübingen, Auf der Morgenstelle 15, 72076 Tübingen, Germany
| | - Boris Maček
- Proteome Center Tübingen, Interfaculty Institute for Cell Biology, University of Tübingen, Auf der Morgenstelle 15, 72076 Tübingen, Germany
| | - Christian Schlensak
- Clinical Research Laboratory, Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, University Hospital Tübingen, University of Tübingen, Calwerstr. 7/1, 72076 Tübingen, Germany
| | - Hans Peter Wendel
- Clinical Research Laboratory, Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, University Hospital Tübingen, University of Tübingen, Calwerstr. 7/1, 72076 Tübingen, Germany
| | - Sandra Stoppelkamp
- Clinical Research Laboratory, Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, University Hospital Tübingen, University of Tübingen, Calwerstr. 7/1, 72076 Tübingen, Germany.
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3
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Immunospecific analysis of in vitro and ex vivo surface-immobilized protein complex. Biointerphases 2022; 17:021005. [PMID: 35477241 DOI: 10.1116/6.0001783] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Biomaterials used for blood contacting devices are inherently thrombogenic. Antithrombotic agents can be used as surface modifiers on biomaterials to reduce thrombus formation on the surface and to maintain device efficacy. For quality control and to assess the effectiveness of immobilization strategies, it is necessary to quantify the surface-immobilized antithrombotic agent directly. There are limited methods that allow direct quantification on device surfaces such as catheters. In this study, an enzyme immunoassay (EIA) has been developed to measure the density of a synthetic antithrombin-heparin (ATH) covalent complex immobilized on a catheter surface. The distribution of the immobilized ATH was further characterized by an immunohistochemical assay. This analyte-specific EIA is relatively simple and has high throughput, thus providing a tool for quantitative analysis of biomaterial surface modifications. These methods may be further modified to evaluate plasma proteins adsorbed and immobilized on various biomaterial surfaces of complex shapes, with a range of bioactive functionalities, as well as to assess conformational changes of proteins using specific antibodies.
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Batool JA, Rehman K, Qader A, Akash MSH. Biomedical applications of carbohydrate-based polyurethane: From biosynthesis to degradation. Curr Pharm Des 2022; 28:1669-1687. [PMID: 35040410 DOI: 10.2174/1573412918666220118113546] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2021] [Accepted: 12/14/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
The foremost common natural polymers are carbohydrate-based polymers or polysaccharides, having a long chain of monosaccharide or disaccharide units linked together via a glycosidic linkage to form a complex structure. There are several uses of carbohydrate-based polymers in biomedical sector due to its attractive features including less toxicity, biocompatibility, biodegradability, high reactivity, availability, and relatively inexpensive. The aim of our study was to explore the synthetic approaches for the preparation of numerous carbohydrate-based polyurethanes (PUs) and their wide range of pharmaceutical and biomedical applications. The data summarized in this study shows that the addition of carbohydrates in the structural skeleton of PUs not only improve their suitability but also effect the applicability for employing them in biological applications. Carbohydrate-based units are incorporated into the PUs, which is the most convenient method for the synthesis of novel biocompatible and biodegradable carbohydrate-based PUs to use in various biomedical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jahan Ara Batool
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Government College University, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Kanwal Rehman
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Abdul Qader
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Government College University, Faisalabad, Pakistan
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5
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Morales Urrea DA, Caracciolo PC, Haure PM, Contreras EM. Immobilization of horseradish peroxidase onto electrospun polyurethane nanofiber matrices. POLYM ADVAN TECHNOL 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/pat.5484] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Diego Alberto Morales Urrea
- División Catalizadores y Superficies Instituto de Investigaciones en Ciencia y Tecnología de Materiales, INTEMA (UNMdP‐CONICET) Mar del Plata Argentina
| | - Pablo Christian Caracciolo
- División Polímeros Biomédicos Instituto de Investigaciones en Ciencia y Tecnología de Materiales, INTEMA (UNMdP‐CONICET) Mar del Plata Argentina
| | - Patricia Mónica Haure
- División Catalizadores y Superficies Instituto de Investigaciones en Ciencia y Tecnología de Materiales, INTEMA (UNMdP‐CONICET) Mar del Plata Argentina
| | - Edgardo Martín Contreras
- División Catalizadores y Superficies Instituto de Investigaciones en Ciencia y Tecnología de Materiales, INTEMA (UNMdP‐CONICET) Mar del Plata Argentina
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6
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Pepe A, Guevara MG, Abraham GA, Caracciolo PC. Lysine-oligoether-modified electrospun poly(carbonate urethane) matrices for improving hemocompatibility response. Polym J 2021. [DOI: 10.1038/s41428-021-00534-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
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7
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Caracciolo PC, Diaz-Rodriguez P, Ardao I, Moreira D, Montini-Ballarin F, Abraham GA, Concheiro A, Alvarez-Lorenzo C. Evaluation of human umbilical vein endothelial cells growth onto heparin-modified electrospun vascular grafts. Int J Biol Macromol 2021; 179:567-575. [PMID: 33675835 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2021.03.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2020] [Revised: 02/26/2021] [Accepted: 03/02/2021] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
One of the main challenges of cardiovascular tissue engineering is the development of bioresorbable and compliant small-diameter vascular grafts (SDVG) for patients where autologous grafts are not an option. In this work, electrospun bilayered bioresorbable SDVG based on blends of poly(L-lactic acid) (PLLA) and segmented polyurethane (PHD) were prepared and evaluated. The inner layer of these SDVG was surface-modified with heparin, following a methodology involving PHD urethane functional groups. Heparin was selected as anticoagulant agent, and also due to its ability to promote human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) growth and to inhibit smooth muscle cells over-proliferation, main cause of neointimal hyperplasia and restenosis. Immobilized heparin was quantified and changes in SDVG microstructure were investigated through SEM. Tensile properties of the heparin-functionalized SDVG resembled those of saphenous vein. Vascular grafts were seeded with HUVECs and cultured on a flow-perfusion bioreactor to analyze the effect of heparin on graft endothelization under simulated physiological-like conditions. The analysis of endothelial cells attachment and gene expression (Real-Time PCR) pointed out that the surface functionalization with heparin successfully promoted a stable and functional endothelial cell layer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pablo C Caracciolo
- Instituto de Investigaciones en Ciencia y Tecnología de Materiales, INTEMA (UNMdP-CONICET), Av. Cristóbal Colón 10850, B7606WV Mar del Plata, Argentina.
| | - Patricia Diaz-Rodriguez
- Departamento de Farmacología, Farmacia y Tecnología Farmacéutica, I+D Farma (GI-1645), Facultad de Farmacia and Health Research Institute of Santiago de Compostela (IDIS), Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, 15782 Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Inés Ardao
- BioFarma Research group, Center for Research in Molecular Medicine and Chronic Diseases (CiMUS), Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, 15782 Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - David Moreira
- BioFarma Research group, Center for Research in Molecular Medicine and Chronic Diseases (CiMUS), Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, 15782 Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Florencia Montini-Ballarin
- Instituto de Investigaciones en Ciencia y Tecnología de Materiales, INTEMA (UNMdP-CONICET), Av. Cristóbal Colón 10850, B7606WV Mar del Plata, Argentina
| | - Gustavo A Abraham
- Instituto de Investigaciones en Ciencia y Tecnología de Materiales, INTEMA (UNMdP-CONICET), Av. Cristóbal Colón 10850, B7606WV Mar del Plata, Argentina
| | - Angel Concheiro
- Departamento de Farmacología, Farmacia y Tecnología Farmacéutica, I+D Farma (GI-1645), Facultad de Farmacia and Health Research Institute of Santiago de Compostela (IDIS), Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, 15782 Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Carmen Alvarez-Lorenzo
- Departamento de Farmacología, Farmacia y Tecnología Farmacéutica, I+D Farma (GI-1645), Facultad de Farmacia and Health Research Institute of Santiago de Compostela (IDIS), Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, 15782 Santiago de Compostela, Spain
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8
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Hogan S, Kasotakis E, Maher S, Cavanagh B, O'Gara JP, Pandit A, Keyes TE, Devocelle M, O'Neill E. A novel medical device coating prevents Staphylococcus aureus biofilm formation on medical device surfaces. FEMS Microbiol Lett 2020; 366:5490329. [PMID: 31095299 DOI: 10.1093/femsle/fnz107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2019] [Accepted: 05/14/2019] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Prevention of device related infections due to Staphylococcus aureus biofilms on devices represents a significant challenge. Such infections have recently been shown to be dependent on the coagulation pathway via activation of pro-thrombin and fibrin production. Three direct-thrombin inhibitors, argatroban, hirudin and dabigatran, were examined to determine their effect on preventing S. aureus biofilm on plastic biochip surfaces under shear stress using an in vivo relevant model of infection. Surface functionalization of polyurethane discs via dityrosine covalent crosslinking with hirudin was performed and changes in bacterial density and microscopic appearances determined. The three direct-thrombin inhibitors prevented S. aureus biofilm formation on plasma-coated surfaces treated with these agents. Coating of polyurethane with one of these agents, hirudin, significantly inhibited biofilm formation on the modified surface. These findings reveal the exciting potential for coating biomaterial surfaces with direct thrombin inhibitors to prevent staphylococcal binding and subsequent device-related infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siobhan Hogan
- Department of Clinical Microbiology, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, Beaumont Hospital, Dublin 9, Ireland
| | - Emmanouil Kasotakis
- CÚRAM-Centre for Research in Medical Devices, National University of Ireland Galway, Galway, Ireland
| | - Sean Maher
- School of Chemical Sciences, Dublin City University, Dublin 9, Ireland
| | - Brenton Cavanagh
- Cellular and Molecular Imaging Core, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, Dublin 2, Ireland
| | - James P O'Gara
- Microbiology, School of Natural Sciences, National University of Ireland Galway, Ireland
| | - Abhay Pandit
- CÚRAM-Centre for Research in Medical Devices, National University of Ireland Galway, Galway, Ireland
| | - Tia E Keyes
- School of Chemical Sciences, Dublin City University, Dublin 9, Ireland
| | - Marc Devocelle
- Department of Chemistry, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, Dublin 2, Ireland
| | - Eoghan O'Neill
- Department of Clinical Microbiology, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, Beaumont Hospital, Dublin 9, Ireland.,Department of Microbiology, Connolly Hospital, Dublin 15, Ireland
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9
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McNamara SL, Brudno Y, Miller AB, Ham HO, Aizenberg M, Chaikof EL, Mooney DJ. Regenerating Antithrombotic Surfaces through Nucleic Acid Displacement. ACS Biomater Sci Eng 2020; 6:2159-2166. [PMID: 33455325 DOI: 10.1021/acsbiomaterials.0c00038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Blood-contacting devices are commonly coated with antithrombotic agents to prevent clot formation and to extend the lifespan of the device. However, in vivo degradation of these bioactive surface agents ultimately limits device efficacy and longevity. Here, a regenerative antithrombotic catheter surface treatment is developed using oligodeoxynucleotide (ODN) toehold exchange. ODN strands modified to carry antithrombotic payloads can inhibit the thrombin enzyme when bound to a surface and exchange with rapid kinetics over multiple cycles, even while carrying large payloads. The surface-bound ODNs inhibit thrombin activity to significantly reduce fibrinogen cleavage and fibrin formation, and this effect is sustained after ODN exchange of the surface-bound strands with a fresh antithrombotic payload. This study presents a unique strategy for achieving a continuous antithrombotic state for blood-contacting devices using an ODN-based regeneration method.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephanie L McNamara
- John A. Paulson School of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Harvard University, 29 Oxford Street, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, United States.,Harvard-MIT Health Sciences and Technology, Harvard University and Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 77 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, United States.,Wyss Institute for Biologically Inspired Engineering, 3 Blackfan Circle, Boston, Massachusetts 02215, United States
| | - Yevgeny Brudno
- Joint Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of North Carolina and North Carolina State University, 911 Oval Drive, Raleigh, North Carolina 27695, United States.,Wyss Institute for Biologically Inspired Engineering, 3 Blackfan Circle, Boston, Massachusetts 02215, United States
| | - Alex B Miller
- Harvard-MIT Health Sciences and Technology, Harvard University and Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 77 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, United States
| | - Hyun Oki Ham
- Wyss Institute for Biologically Inspired Engineering, 3 Blackfan Circle, Boston, Massachusetts 02215, United States.,Department of Surgery, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, 330 Brookline Avenue, Boston, Massachusetts 02215, United States
| | - Michael Aizenberg
- Wyss Institute for Biologically Inspired Engineering, 3 Blackfan Circle, Boston, Massachusetts 02215, United States
| | - Elliot L Chaikof
- Harvard-MIT Health Sciences and Technology, Harvard University and Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 77 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, United States.,Wyss Institute for Biologically Inspired Engineering, 3 Blackfan Circle, Boston, Massachusetts 02215, United States.,Department of Surgery, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, 330 Brookline Avenue, Boston, Massachusetts 02215, United States
| | - David J Mooney
- John A. Paulson School of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Harvard University, 29 Oxford Street, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, United States.,Wyss Institute for Biologically Inspired Engineering, 3 Blackfan Circle, Boston, Massachusetts 02215, United States
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10
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Dalton E, Chai Q, Shaw MW, McKenzie TJ, Mullins ES, Ayres N. Hydrogel‐coated polyurethane/urea shape memory polymer foams. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/pola.29398] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Emily Dalton
- The Department of Chemistry The University of Cincinnati Cincinnati Ohio 45221
| | - Qinyuan Chai
- The Department of Chemistry The University of Cincinnati Cincinnati Ohio 45221
| | - Molly W. Shaw
- Cancer and Blood Diseases Institute, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center Cincinnati Ohio 45229
| | - Tucker J. McKenzie
- The Department of Chemistry The University of Cincinnati Cincinnati Ohio 45221
| | - Eric S. Mullins
- Cancer and Blood Diseases Institute, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center Cincinnati Ohio 45229
| | - Neil Ayres
- The Department of Chemistry The University of Cincinnati Cincinnati Ohio 45221
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11
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Designing Novel Interfaces via Surface Functionalization of Short-Chain-Length Polyhydroxyalkanoates. ADVANCES IN POLYMER TECHNOLOGY 2019. [DOI: 10.1155/2019/3831251] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
Polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHA), a microbial plastic has emerged as promising biomaterial owing to the broad range of mechanical properties. However, some studies revealed that PHA is hydrophobic and has no recognition site for cell attachment and this is often a limitation in tissue engineering aspects. Owing to this, the polymer is tailored accordingly in order to enhance the biocompatibilityin vivoas well as to suit the intended application. Thus far, these surface modifications have led to PHA being widely used in various biomedical and pharmaceutical applications such as cardiac patches, wound management, nerve, bone, and cartilage repair. This review addresses the surface modification on biomedical applications focusing on short-chain-length PHA such as poly(3-hydroxybutyrate) [P(3HB)], poly(3-hydroxybutyrate-co-4-hydroxybutyrate) [P(3HB-co-4HB)] and poly(3-hydroxybutyrate-co-3-hydroxyvalerate) [P(3HB-co-3HV)].
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12
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Kaiser E, Jaganathan SK, Supriyanto E, Ayyar M. Fabrication and characterization of chitosan nanoparticles and collagen-loaded polyurethane nanocomposite membrane coated with heparin for atrial septal defect (ASD) closure. 3 Biotech 2017; 7:174. [PMID: 28660462 PMCID: PMC5489446 DOI: 10.1007/s13205-017-0830-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2017] [Accepted: 06/01/2017] [Indexed: 10/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Atrial septal defect (ASD) constitutes 30-40% of all congenital heart diseases in adults. The most common complications in the treatment of ASD are embolization of the device and thrombosis formation. In this research, an occluding patch was developed for ASD treatment using a well-known textile technology called electrospinning. For the first time, a cardiovascular occluding patch was fabricated using medical grade polyurethane (PU) loaded with bioactive agents namely chitosan nanoparticles (Cn) and collagen (Co) which is then coated with heparin (Hp). Fourier transform infrared spectrum showed characteristic vibrations of several active constituents and changes in the absorbance due to the inclusion of active ingredients in the patch. The contact angle analysis demonstrated no significant decrease in contact angle compared to the control and the composite patches. The structure of the electrospun nanocomposite (PUCnCoHp) was examined through scanning electron microscopy. A decrease in nanofiber diameter between control PU and PUCnCoHp nanocomposite was observed. Water uptake was found to be decreased for the PUCnCoHp nanocomposite against the control. The hemocompatibility properties of the PUCnCoHp ASD occluding patch was inferred through in vitro hemocompatibility tests like activated partial thromboplastin time (APTT), prothrombin time (PT) and hemolysis assay. It was found that the PT and APTT time was significantly prolonged for the fabricated PUCnCoHp ASD occluding patch compared to the control. Likewise, the hemolysis percentage was also decreased for the PUCnCoHp ASD patch against the control. In conclusion, the developed PUCnCoHp patch demonstrates potential properties to be used for ASD occlusion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eva Kaiser
- Faculty of Biosciences and Medical Engineering, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, 81310, Johor Bahru, Malaysia
- Ilmenau Institute of Biomedical Engineering and Computer Science, Technical University of Ilmenau, 98693, Ilmenau, Germany
| | - Saravana Kumar Jaganathan
- Department for Management of Science and Technology Development, Ton Duc Thang University, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam.
- Faculty of Applied Sciences, Ton Duc Thang University, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam.
- IJN-UTM Cardiovascular Engineering Centre, Faculty of Biosciences and Medical Engineering, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, 81300, Skudai, Johor, Malaysia.
| | - Eko Supriyanto
- Faculty of Biosciences and Medical Engineering, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, 81310, Johor Bahru, Malaysia
| | - Manikandan Ayyar
- Department of Chemistry, Bharat Institute of Higher Education and Research, Bharat University, Chennai, Tamilnadu, 600073, India
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13
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Caracciolo PC, Rial-Hermida MI, Montini-Ballarin F, Abraham GA, Concheiro A, Alvarez-Lorenzo C. Surface-modified bioresorbable electrospun scaffolds for improving hemocompatibility of vascular grafts. MATERIALS SCIENCE & ENGINEERING. C, MATERIALS FOR BIOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS 2017; 75:1115-1127. [DOI: 10.1016/j.msec.2017.02.151] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2016] [Revised: 12/13/2016] [Accepted: 02/24/2017] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
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14
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Cell Proliferation on Polyethylene Terephthalate Treated in Plasma Created in SO₂/O₂ Mixtures. Polymers (Basel) 2017; 9:polym9030082. [PMID: 30970762 PMCID: PMC6432026 DOI: 10.3390/polym9030082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2017] [Revised: 02/20/2017] [Accepted: 02/22/2017] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Samples of polymer polyethylene terephthalate were exposed to a weakly ionized gaseous plasma to modify the polymer surface properties for better cell cultivation. The gases used for treatment were sulfur dioxide and oxygen of various partial pressures. Plasma was created by an electrodeless radio frequency discharge at a total pressure of 60 Pa. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy showed weak functionalization of the samples’ surfaces with the sulfur, with a concentration around 2.5 at %, whereas the oxygen concentration remained at the level of untreated samples, except when the gas mixture with oxygen concentration above 90% was used. Atomic force microscopy revealed highly altered morphology of plasma-treated samples; however, at high oxygen partial pressures this morphology vanished. The samples were then incubated with human umbilical vein endothelial cells. Biological tests to determine endothelialization and possible toxicity of the plasma-treated polyethylene terephthalate samples were performed. Cell metabolic activity (MTT) and in vitro toxic effects of unknown compounds (TOX) were assayed to determine the biocompatibility of the treated substrates. The biocompatibility demonstrated a well-pronounced maximum versus gas composition which correlated well with development of the surface morphology.
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15
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Zia F, Zia KM, Zuber M, Tabasum S, Rehman S. Heparin based polyurethanes: A state-of-the-art review. Int J Biol Macromol 2016; 84:101-11. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2015.12.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2015] [Revised: 11/15/2015] [Accepted: 12/01/2015] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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16
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Leung JM, Berry LR, Atkinson HM, Cornelius RM, Sandejas D, Rochow N, Selvaganapathy PR, Fusch C, Chan AKC, Brash JL. Surface modification of poly(dimethylsiloxane) with a covalent antithrombin-heparin complex for the prevention of thrombosis: use of polydopamine as bonding agent. J Mater Chem B 2015; 3:6032-6036. [PMID: 32262660 DOI: 10.1039/c5tb00808e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
A modified poly(dimethyl siloxane) (PDMS) material is under development for use in an extracorporeal microfluidic blood oxygenator designed as an artificial placenta to treat newborn infants suffering from severe respiratory insufficiency. To prevent thrombosis triggered by blood-material contact, an antithrombin-heparin (ATH) covalent complex was coated on PDMS surface using polydopamine (PDA) as a "bioglue". Experiments using radiolabelled ATH showed that the ATH coating on PDA-modified PDMS remained substantially intact after incubation in plasma, 2% SDS solution, or whole blood over a three day period. The anticoagulant activity of the ATH-modified surfaces was also demonstrated: in contact with plasma the ATH-coated PDMS was shown to bind antithrombin (AT) selectively from plasma and to inhibit clotting factor Xa. It is concluded that modification of PDMS with polydopamine and ATH shows promise as a means of improving the blood compatibility of PDMS and hence of the oxygenator device.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jennifer M Leung
- School of Biomedical Engineering, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada.
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Krajewski S, Neumann B, Kurz J, Perle N, Avci-Adali M, Cattaneo G, Wendel HP. Preclinical evaluation of the thrombogenicity and endothelialization of bare metal and surface-coated neurovascular stents. AJNR Am J Neuroradiol 2014; 36:133-9. [PMID: 25258364 DOI: 10.3174/ajnr.a4109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Stent-assisted coiling is routinely used for the endovascular treatment of complex or wide-neck intracranial aneurysms. However, in-stent thrombosis, thromboembolic events, and ischemic complications remain a major concern associated with stent implants. Therefore, a novel low-profile neurovascular stent with a bare metal surface was investigated with regard to thrombogenicity and endothelialization and compared with the same stent coated with albumin or heparin. MATERIALS AND METHODS The bare metal and heparin- or albumin-coated stents were loaded in heparin-coated tubing, which was then filled with heparinized human blood (n = 5) and circulated at 150 mL/min and 37°C for 60 minutes. Before and after circulation, measurement of various inflammation and coagulation markers and scanning electron microscopy were performed. Endothelialization of the stents was investigated in an in vitro model including human umbilical vascular endothelial cells. RESULTS Our results showed that platelet loss and platelet activation and activation of the coagulation cascade, which are induced by the bare metal stents, were significantly reduced by heparin or albumin coating. Adverse effects on erythrocytes, leukocytes, and the complement cascade were not induced by the bare metal or coated stents. Moreover, the bare metal and albumin-coated stents showed good endothelialization properties. CONCLUSIONS Albumin and heparin coatings clearly improve the thrombogenicity of the stents and thus may represent fundamental progress in the treatment of intracranial aneurysms. Moreover, preclinical evaluation of neurovascular stents under physiologic conditions supports and accelerates the development of more biocompatible neurovascular stents.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Krajewski
- From the Department of Thoracic, Cardiac and Vascular Surgery (S.K., B.N., J.K., N.P., M.A.-A., H.P.W.), Clinical Research Laboratory, University Hospital Tuebingen, Tuebingen, Germany
| | - B Neumann
- From the Department of Thoracic, Cardiac and Vascular Surgery (S.K., B.N., J.K., N.P., M.A.-A., H.P.W.), Clinical Research Laboratory, University Hospital Tuebingen, Tuebingen, Germany
| | - J Kurz
- From the Department of Thoracic, Cardiac and Vascular Surgery (S.K., B.N., J.K., N.P., M.A.-A., H.P.W.), Clinical Research Laboratory, University Hospital Tuebingen, Tuebingen, Germany
| | - N Perle
- From the Department of Thoracic, Cardiac and Vascular Surgery (S.K., B.N., J.K., N.P., M.A.-A., H.P.W.), Clinical Research Laboratory, University Hospital Tuebingen, Tuebingen, Germany
| | - M Avci-Adali
- From the Department of Thoracic, Cardiac and Vascular Surgery (S.K., B.N., J.K., N.P., M.A.-A., H.P.W.), Clinical Research Laboratory, University Hospital Tuebingen, Tuebingen, Germany
| | - G Cattaneo
- Acandis GmbH & Co KG (G.C.), Pforzheim, Germany
| | - H P Wendel
- From the Department of Thoracic, Cardiac and Vascular Surgery (S.K., B.N., J.K., N.P., M.A.-A., H.P.W.), Clinical Research Laboratory, University Hospital Tuebingen, Tuebingen, Germany
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Kundu B, Schlimp CJ, Nürnberger S, Redl H, Kundu SC. Thromboelastometric and platelet responses to silk biomaterials. Sci Rep 2014; 4:4945. [PMID: 24824624 PMCID: PMC4018936 DOI: 10.1038/srep04945] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2013] [Accepted: 04/17/2014] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Silkworm's silk is natural biopolymer with unique properties including mechanical robustness, all aqueous base processing and ease in fabrication into different multifunctional templates. Additionally, the nonmulberry silks have cell adhesion promoting tri-peptide (RGD) sequences, which make it an immensely potential platform for regenerative medicine. The compatibility of nonmulberry silk with human blood is still elusive; thereby, restricts its further application as implants. The present study, therefore, evaluate the haematocompatibility of silk biomaterials in terms of platelet interaction after exposure to nonmulberry silk of Antheraea mylitta using thromboelastometry (ROTEM). The mulberry silk of Bombyx mori and clinically used Uni-Graft W biomaterial serve as references. Shortened clotting time, clot formation times as well as enhanced clot strength indicate the platelet mediated activation of blood coagulation cascade by tested biomaterials; which is comparable to controls.
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Affiliation(s)
- Banani Kundu
- Department of Biotechnology, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur-721302, India
- These authors contributed equally to this work
| | - Christoph J. Schlimp
- Ludwig Boltzmann Institute for Experimental and Clinical Traumatology, AUVA Research Centre, Austrian Cluster for Tissue Regeneration, Vienna, Austria
- These authors contributed equally to this work
| | - Sylvia Nürnberger
- Ludwig Boltzmann Institute for Experimental and Clinical Traumatology, AUVA Research Centre, Austrian Cluster for Tissue Regeneration, Vienna, Austria
| | - Heinz Redl
- Ludwig Boltzmann Institute for Experimental and Clinical Traumatology, AUVA Research Centre, Austrian Cluster for Tissue Regeneration, Vienna, Austria
| | - S. C. Kundu
- Department of Biotechnology, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur-721302, India
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19
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Elahi MF, Guan G, Wang L, King MW. Influence of Layer-by-Layer Polyelectrolyte Deposition and EDC/NHS Activated Heparin Immobilization onto Silk Fibroin Fabric. MATERIALS 2014; 7:2956-2977. [PMID: 28788601 PMCID: PMC5453351 DOI: 10.3390/ma7042956] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2014] [Revised: 03/25/2014] [Accepted: 03/31/2014] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
To enhance the hemocompatibility of silk fibroin fabric as biomedical material, polyelectrolytes architectures have been assembled through the layer-by-layer (LbL) technique on silk fibroin fabric (SFF). In particular, 1.5 and 2.5 bilayer of oppositely charged polyelectrolytes were assembled onto SFF using poly(allylamine hydrochloride) (PAH) as polycationic polymer and poly(acrylic acid) (PAA) as polyanionic polymer with PAH topmost. Low molecular weight heparin (LMWH) activated with 1-ethyl-3-(dimethylaminopropyl) carbodiimide hydrochloride (EDC) and N-hydroxysuccinimide (NHS) was then immobilized on its surface. Alcian Blue staining, toluidine blue assay and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) confirmed the presence of heparin on modified SFF surfaces. The surface morphology of the modified silk fibroin fabric surfaces was characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and atomic force microscopy (AFM), and obtained increased roughness. Negligible hemolytic effect and a higher concentration of free hemoglobin by a kinetic clotting time test ensured the improved biological performance of the modified fibroin fabric. Overall, the deposition of 2.5 bilayer was found effective in terms of biological and surface properties of the modified fibroin fabric compared to 1.5 bilayer self-assembly technique. Therefore, this novel approach to surface modification may demonstrate long term patency in future in vivo animal trials of small diameter silk fibroin vascular grafts.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Fazley Elahi
- Key Laboratory of Textile Science and Technology, Ministry of Education, College of Textiles, Donghua University, Songjiang District, Shanghai 201620, China.
| | - Guoping Guan
- Key Laboratory of Textile Science and Technology, Ministry of Education, College of Textiles, Donghua University, Songjiang District, Shanghai 201620, China.
| | - Lu Wang
- Key Laboratory of Textile Science and Technology, Ministry of Education, College of Textiles, Donghua University, Songjiang District, Shanghai 201620, China.
| | - Martin W King
- Key Laboratory of Textile Science and Technology, Ministry of Education, College of Textiles, Donghua University, Songjiang District, Shanghai 201620, China.
- College of Textiles, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27695-8301, USA.
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Abstract
Since the introduction of synthetic vascular grafts in the 1960s, only two-stage endothelial cell seeding has demonstrated any significant improvement over conventional vascular grafts, and its benefits have yet to be demonstrated on a large scale. Tissue engineering is a rapidly expanding field with great potential, but efforts to construct tissue-engineered arterial grafts have, to date, yielded little clinical success. This review explores the latest approaches to the construction of a superior vascular graft, along with its potential for use in the clinic in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chris D Daly
- University of Queensland, Centre for Research in Vascular Biology, 4072, QLD, Australia
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21
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Ran F, Niu X, Song H, Cheng C(S, Zhao W, Nie S, Wang L, Yang A, Sun S, Zhao C. Toward a highly hemocompatible membrane for blood purification via a physical blend of miscible comb-like amphiphilic copolymers. Biomater Sci 2014; 2:538-547. [DOI: 10.1039/c3bm60250h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
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22
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Ambade SB, Ambade RB, Mane RS, Lee GW, Shaikh SF, Patil SA, Joo OS, Han SH, Lee SH. Low temperature chemically synthesized rutile TiO2 photoanodes with high electron lifetime for organic dye-sensitized solar cells. Chem Commun (Camb) 2013; 49:2921-3. [PMID: 23459589 DOI: 10.1039/c3cc00310h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Electron lifetime in mesoporous nanostructured rutile TiO2 photoanodes, synthesized via a simple, cost-effective, low temperature (50-55 °C) wet chemical process, annealed at 350 °C for 1 h and not employing any sprayed TiO2 compact layer, was successfully tailored with 0.2 mM TiCl4 surface treatment that resulted in light to electric power conversion efficiency up to 4.4%.
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Affiliation(s)
- Swapnil B Ambade
- School of Semiconductor and Chemical Engineering, Chonbuk National University, Duckjin-dong 664-14, Jeonju 561-756, Korea
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23
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Tkavc T, Vesel A, Acero EH, Fras Zemljič L. Comparison of oxygen plasma and cutinase effect on polyethylene terephthalate surface. J Appl Polym Sci 2012. [DOI: 10.1002/app.38526] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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24
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Nie N, Tu Q, Wang JC, Chao F, Liu R, Zhang Y, Liu W, Wang J. Synthesis of copolymers using dendronized polyethylene glycol and assay of their blood compatibility and antibacterial adhesion activity. Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces 2012; 97:226-35. [DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfb.2012.04.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2012] [Revised: 03/30/2012] [Accepted: 04/06/2012] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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25
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Imaging of the GI tract by QDs loaded heparin-deoxycholic acid (DOCA) nanoparticles. Carbohydr Polym 2012; 90:1461-8. [PMID: 22944403 DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2012.07.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2011] [Accepted: 07/05/2012] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
This study presents an approach to deliver non invasive, near-IR imaging agent using oral delivery system. Low molecular weight heparin (LMWH)-deoxycholic acid (DOCA)/(LHD) nanoparticles formed by a self-assembly method was prepared to evaluate their physicochemical properties and oral absorption in vitro and in vivo. Near-IR QDs were prepared and loaded into LHD nanoparticles for imaging of the gastro-intestinal (GI) tract absorption. Q-LHD nanoparticles were almost spherical in shape with diameters of 194-217 nm. The size and fluorescent intensity of the Q-LHD nanoparticles were stable in 10% FBS solution and retained their fluorescent even after 5 days of incubation. Cell viability of Q-LHD nanoparticles maintained in the range of 80-95% for 24h incubation. No damage was found in tissues or organs during animal experiments. The in vivo oral absorption of Q-LHD was observed in SKH1 mice for 3h under different doses. From the results, we confirmed that Q-LHD was absorbed mostly into the ileum of small intestine containing intestinal bile acid transporter as observed in TEM and molecular imaging system. Our designed nanoparticles could be administered orally for bio-imaging and studying the bio-distribution of drug.
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26
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Sask KN, Berry LR, Chan AKC, Brash JL. Modification of polyurethane surface with an antithrombin-heparin complex for blood contact: influence of molecular weight of polyethylene oxide used as a linker/spacer. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2012; 28:2099-2106. [PMID: 22149666 DOI: 10.1021/la203821g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
Polyurethane (PU) was modified using isocyanate chemistry to graft polyethylene oxide (PEO) of various molecular weights (range 300-4600). An antithrombin-heparin (ATH) covalent complex was subsequently attached to the free PEO chain ends, which had been functionalized with N-hydroxysuccinimide (NHS) groups. Surfaces were characterized by water contact angle and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) to confirm the modifications. Adsorption of fibrinogen from buffer was found to decrease by ~80% for the PEO-modified surfaces compared to the unmodified PU. The surfaces with ATH attached to the distal chain end of the grafted PEO were equally protein resistant, and when the data were normalized to the ATH surface density, PEO in the lower MW range showed greater protein resistance. Western blots of proteins eluted from the surfaces after plasma contact confirmed these trends. The uptake of ATH on the PEO-modified surfaces was greatest for the PEO of lower MW (300 and 600), and antithrombin binding from plasma (an indicator of heparin anticoagulant activity) was highest for these same surfaces. The PEO-ATH- and PEO-modified surfaces also showed low platelet adhesion from flowing whole blood. It is concluded that for the PEO-ATH surfaces, PEO in the low MW range, specifically MW 600, may be optimal for achieving an appropriate balance between resistance to nonspecific protein adsorption and the ability to take up ATH and bind antithrombin in subsequent blood contact.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kyla N Sask
- School of Biomedical Engineering, McMaster University, 1280 Main Street West, Hamilton, ON, Canada L8S 4K1
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27
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Electropolymerized bioresistant coatings of OEGylated dendron carbazoles: Design parameters and protein resistance SPR studies. POLYMER 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/j.polymer.2011.12.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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28
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Sask KN, McClung WG, Berry LR, Chan AKC, Brash JL. Immobilization of an antithrombin-heparin complex on gold: anticoagulant properties and platelet interactions. Acta Biomater 2011; 7:2029-34. [PMID: 21277398 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2011.01.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2010] [Revised: 01/11/2011] [Accepted: 01/21/2011] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
The anticoagulant properties and platelet interactions of gold surfaces modified with an antithrombin-heparin (ATH) complex are reported. ATH was attached to gold through either a short disulfide (linker) or a thiol-terminated polyethylene oxide (PEO) (linker, spacer). Analogous surfaces were prepared with uncomplexed heparin. Antithrombin (AT) uptake was measured before and after selectively destroying the active pentasaccharide sequence of the heparin moiety, and was found to be predominantly through the active sequence on all of the surfaces. AT binding was higher on the ATH surfaces than on the corresponding heparin surfaces. Heparin activity was assessed by an anti-factor Xa assay. The ratio of active heparin density (from the anti-FXa assay) to total heparin density was taken as a measure of heparin bioactivity. The ratio was greater on the ATH- than on the heparin-modified surfaces, i.e. the PEO-ATH surfaces showed the greater proportion of active heparin. Platelet adhesion from flowing whole blood was found to be reduced on PEO- and ATH-modified surfaces compared to bare gold. The PEO-ATH modified surfaces, but not the heparinized surfaces, were shown to prolong the clotting time of recalcified plasma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kyla N Sask
- School of Biomedical Engineering, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
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29
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Sask KN, Zhitomirsky I, Berry LR, Chan AK, Brash JL. Surface modification with an antithrombin-heparin complex for anticoagulation: studies on a model surface with gold as substrate. Acta Biomater 2010; 6:2911-9. [PMID: 20197127 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2010.02.043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2009] [Revised: 02/10/2010] [Accepted: 02/24/2010] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Gold was used as a substrate for immobilization of an antithrombin-heparin (ATH) covalent complex to investigate ATH as a surface modifier to prevent blood coagulation. Three different surface modification methods were used to attach ATH to gold: (i) direct chemisorption; (ii) using dithiobis(succinimidyl propionate) (DSP) as a linker molecule and (iii) using polyethylene oxide (PEO) as a linker/spacer. The ATH-modified surfaces were compared to analogous heparinized surfaces. Water contact angles and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy confirmed the modifications and provided data on surface properties and possible orientation. Ellipsometry measurements showed that surface coverage of DSP and PEO was high. ATH and heparin densities were quantified using radioiodination and quartz crystal microbalance, respectively. The surface density of ATH was greatest on the DSP surface (0.17 microg cm(-2)) and lowest on the PEO (0.05 microg cm(-2)). The low uptake on the PEO surface was likely due to the protein resistance of the PEO component. Using radioiodinated antithrombin (AT), it was shown that ATH-immobilized surfaces bound significantly greater amounts from both buffer and plasma than the analogous heparinized surfaces. Immunoblot analysis of proteins adsorbed from plasma demonstrated that surfaces chemisorbed with PEO, whether or not subsequently modified with ATH, inhibited non-specific adsorption. The immunoblot response for AT was stronger on the DSP-ATH than on the heparin surfaces, thus confirming the results from radiolabelling. The ATH surfaces again showed higher selectivity for AT binding than analogous heparin-modified surfaces, indicating the enhanced anticoagulant potential of ATH for biomaterial surface modification.
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30
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Miyamoto K, Sato I, Tsutsui M, Uchino M, Takasaki S, Takebayashi T, Shimizu Y, Nobori T, Abe Y, Horiuchi T. Gellan sulfate selectively suppresses the activation of hemocoagulation factors XI and XII. MATERIALS SCIENCE & ENGINEERING. C, MATERIALS FOR BIOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS 2010. [DOI: 10.1016/j.msec.2009.11.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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Lee GW, Ambade SB, Cho YJ, Mane RS, Shashikala V, Yadav J, Gaikwad RS, Lee SH, Jung KD, Han SH, Joo OS. Stereospecific growth of densely populated rutile mesoporous TiO2 nanoplate films: a facile low temperature chemical synthesis approach. NANOTECHNOLOGY 2010; 21:105603. [PMID: 20160342 DOI: 10.1088/0957-4484/21/10/105603] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
We report for the first time, using a simple and environmentally benign chemical method, the low temperature synthesis of densely populated upright-standing rutile TiO(2) nanoplate films onto a glass substrate from a mixture of titanium trichloride, hydrogen peroxide and thiourea in triply distilled water. The rutile TiO(2) nanoplate films (the phase is confirmed from x-ray diffraction analysis, selected area electron diffraction, energy-dispersive x-ray analysis, and Raman shift) are 20-35 nm wide and 100-120 nm long. The chemical reaction kinetics for the growth of these upright-standing TiO(2) nanoplate films is also interpreted. Films of TiO(2) nanoplates are optically transparent in the visible region with a sharp absorption edge close to 350 nm, confirming an indirect band gap energy of 3.12 eV. The Brunauer-Emmet-Teller surface area, Barret-Joyner-Halenda pore volume and pore diameter, obtained from N(2) physisorption studies, are 82 m(2) g(-1), 0.0964 cm(3) g(-1) and 3.5 nm, respectively, confirming the mesoporosity of scratched rutile TiO(2) nanoplate powder that would be ideal for the direct fabrication of nanoscaled devices including upcoming dye-sensitized solar cells and gas sensors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Go-Woon Lee
- Clean Energy Research Center, Korea Institute of Science and Technology, Seoul 130-650, Republic of Korea
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32
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Ma C, Hou Y, Liu S, Zhang G. Effect of microphase separation on the protein resistance of a polymeric surface. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2009; 25:9467-9472. [PMID: 19371047 DOI: 10.1021/la900669p] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Segmented polyurethanes (PUs) containing poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG), poly(propylene glycol), or poly(dimethylsiloxane) soft segments have been prepared by two-step condensation polymerization. Atom force microscopy observation in air and solution indicates that the segmented PU forms a microphase separation on the surface. By use of quartz crystal microbalance with dissipation and surface plasmon resonance, we have investigated the adsorption of fibrinogen, bovine serum albumin, and lysozyme on a surface constructed by such a PU in aqueous solution in real time. Our results reveal that the protein resistance of the PUs arises from the hydrated PEG segments instead of microphase separation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chunfeng Ma
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at Microscale, Department of Chemical Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
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Chen H, Yuan L, Song W, Wu Z, Li D. Biocompatible polymer materials: Role of protein–surface interactions. Prog Polym Sci 2008. [DOI: 10.1016/j.progpolymsci.2008.07.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 452] [Impact Index Per Article: 28.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
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34
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Lower Limb Revascularization with a New Bioactive Prosthetic Graft: Early and Late Results. Ann Vasc Surg 2008; 22:79-87. [DOI: 10.1016/j.avsg.2007.07.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2006] [Revised: 04/28/2007] [Accepted: 07/16/2007] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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35
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Chang Y, Chen S, Yu Q, Zhang Z, Bernards M, Jiang S. Development of Biocompatible Interpenetrating Polymer Networks Containing a Sulfobetaine-Based Polymer and a Segmented Polyurethane for Protein Resistance. Biomacromolecules 2007; 8:122-7. [PMID: 17206797 DOI: 10.1021/bm060739m] [Citation(s) in RCA: 97] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Interpenetrating polymer networks (IPNs) were prepared by the modification of a segmented polyurethane (SPU) with a cross-linked sulfobetaine methacrylate (SBMA) polymer. The IPN films that were prepared can effectively resist nonspecific protein adsorption when the distribution of SBMA units within the SPU film is well controlled, and they retain high mechanical strengths inherent from the base SPU films. Furthermore, the zwitterionic and biomimetic nature of sulfobetaine and the ease of SBMA preparation make SBMA-based materials very attractive for a wide range of applications. It is challenging to control the diffusion of highly polar SBMA into the hydrophobic network of SPU. In this study, various parameters governing the formation of IPNs containing SBMA were studied. The chemical composition depth profile of the IPN films was determined by confocal Raman microscopy. The morphology and thickness of these IPN films were examined by atomic force microscopy and scanning electron microscopy. The amount of adsorbed proteins on the IPN films was determined by an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Results show that the amount of adsorbed proteins on the IPN films depends on the incubation conditions, including solvent polarity, incubation time, SBMA monomer ratio, and incubation concentration. It appears that the IPN films prepared in a mixed solvent of higher polarity with long incubation time lead to very low protein adsorption. This study not only introduces a new IPN system containing SBMA, but also provides a fundamental understanding of various parameters governing the formation of IPNs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yung Chang
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195, USA
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36
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Mane RS, Joo OS, Lee WJ, Han SH. Unprecedented coloration of rutile titanium dioxide nanocrystalline thin films. Micron 2007; 38:85-90. [PMID: 16931031 DOI: 10.1016/j.micron.2006.03.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2005] [Revised: 01/12/2006] [Accepted: 03/19/2006] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
In this communication, TiO2 nanocrystalline thin films synthesized by a room temperature (27 degrees C) chemical dip process. To our knowledge, this is first report of the preparation of nanoscale rutile TiO2 particles from common inorganic salt at such low temperature. Interestingly, unprecedented dynamic color change accompanies with titanium dioxide grain size, which can be seen with the naked eye that generated curiosity in our mind to check UV-vis absorption, where significant changes were observed. The room temperature synthesized thin films of rutile titanium dioxide make it a potential candidate for high-compatibility material, which can be used in artificial heart valves.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rajaram S Mane
- Hanyang University, Department of Chemistry, Sungdong-Ku, Haengdang dong 17, Seoul 133791, Republic of Korea.
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Du YJ, Brash JL, McClung G, Berry LR, Klement P, Chan AKC. Protein adsorption on polyurethane catheters modified with a novel antithrombin-heparin covalent complex. J Biomed Mater Res A 2007; 80:216-25. [PMID: 17072855 DOI: 10.1002/jbm.a.30977] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Highly anticoagulant covalent antithrombin-heparin complex (ATH) was covalently grafted onto polyurethane catheters to suppress adsorption/activation of procoagulant proteins and enhance adsorption/activation of anticoagulant proteins for blood compatibility. Consistency of catheter coating was demonstrated using immunohistochemical visualization of ATH. The ability of the resulting immobilized ATH heparin chains to bind antithrombin (AT) from plasma, as measured by binding of (125)I-radiolabeled AT, was greater than that for commercially-available heparin-coated catheters, and much greater than for uncoated catheters. Complementary measurements of antifactor Xa (FXa) activity and plasma protein binding were also performed. Both ATH-coated and heparin-coated catheters demonstrated functional binding of exogenous AT. However, the ATH-coated catheters gave a trend towards elevated anti- FXa activities/AT binding ratios, consistent with the higher active pentasaccharide content in starting ATH. Western blot analysis of proteins adsorbed to catheters after incubation with rabbit plasma established protein binding profiles that showed AT and albumin as major plasma proteins adsorbed to ATH-coated catheters, while AT and altered forms of fibrinogen were major plasma protein species adsorbed to heparinized catheters.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Jun Du
- The Henderson Research Centre, McMaster University, 711 Concession Street, Ontario, Canada
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Klement P, Du YJ, Berry LR, Tressel P, Chan AKC. Chronic performance of polyurethane catheters covalently coated with ATH complex: A rabbit jugular vein model. Biomaterials 2006; 27:5107-17. [PMID: 16781768 DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2006.05.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2006] [Accepted: 05/06/2006] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Covalent complexes of antithrombin (AT) and heparin (ATH) have superb anticoagulant activity towards thrombin and factor Xa. Stability of polyurethane central venous catheters covalently modified with radiolabeled ATH was studied using a roller pump with saline or protease P-5147. Saline wash removed loosely bound ATH molecules to decrease graft density from 26 to 12 pmol/cm2. However, only slightly more ATH was removed by strong protease (from 12 to 7 pmol/cm2). To evaluate ATH-coated, heparin-coated, and uncoated catheters, a chronic rabbit jugular vein model was developed with catheters maintained for up to 30-106 days. Lumen occlusion was tested by drawing blood twice daily. Although unmodified or heparin-coated catheters occluded within 5-7 days after insertion, all ATH catheters remained patent throughout the experiment. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) analysis of heparin and uncoated catheters revealed extensive thrombosis (lumen+mural) while ATH catheters were unaffected. Visual observation showed significant deposition of protein and cells on control and heparin-modified catheters and, to a lesser degree, on ATH-coated surfaces. SEM showed no fibrin inside or outside of ATH catheters, which remained patent in extended studies out to 106 days. Although atomic force microscopy showed ATH coatings to be rough, 6-fold higher anti-factor Xa activity likely contributed to increased patency. Our data confirm that ATH-modified catheters are stable and have superior potency compared to heparin or control catheters.
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Affiliation(s)
- Petr Klement
- Henderson Research Centre, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ont, Canada
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39
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Indest T, Strnad S, Kleinschek KS, Ribitsch V, Fras L. Electrokinetic properties of commercial vascular grafts. Colloids Surf A Physicochem Eng Asp 2006. [DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfa.2005.09.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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40
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Chen H, Chen Y, Sheardown H, Brook MA. Immobilization of heparin on a silicone surface through a heterobifunctional PEG spacer. Biomaterials 2005; 26:7418-24. [PMID: 16051347 DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2005.05.053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 107] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
A novel method of immobilizing heparin on a silicone surface through a heterobifunctional PEG spacer was used yield well defined surfaces with highly active surface immobilized heparin and low non-specific protein adsorption. The heparin surface density achieved using this technique was 0.68 microg/cm2. Sessile drop water contact angles showed increased hydrophilicity of the silicone surface after PEG modification and a further decrease in the contact angles following the grafting of heparin. High specificity for ATIII with little fibrinogen adsorption was noted in plasma adsorption studies. This ATIII adsorption was mediated by the heparin layer, since surfaces modified with PEG only did not adsorb significant quantities of AT. The thrombin resistance of the heparin modified surfaces was demonstrably greater as measured by a chromogenic thrombin generation assay. The results suggest that the heterbifunctional PEG linker results in a high density of active heparin on the surfaces.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hong Chen
- Department of Chemical Engineering, McMaster University, Hamilton Ont., Canada L8S 4L7
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41
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Suuronen EJ, Sheardown H, Newman KD, McLaughlin CR, Griffith M. Building In Vitro Models of Organs. INTERNATIONAL REVIEW OF CYTOLOGY 2005; 244:137-73. [PMID: 16157180 DOI: 10.1016/s0074-7696(05)44004-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Tissue-engineering techniques are being used to build in vitro models of organs as substitutes for human donor organs for transplantation as well as in vitro toxicology testing (as alternatives to use of animals). Tissue engineering involves the fabrication of scaffolds from materials that are biologically compatible to serve as cellular supports and microhabitats in order to reconstitute a desired tissue or organ. Three organ systems that are currently the foci of tissue engineering efforts for both transplantation and in vitro toxicology testing purposes are discussed. These are models of the cornea, nerves (peripheral nerves specifically), and cardiovascular components. In each of these organ systems, a variety of techniques and materials are being used to achieve the same end results. In general, models that are designed with consideration of the developmental and cellular biology of the target tissues or organs have tended to result in morphologically and physiologically accurate models. Many of the models, with further development and refinement, have the potential to be useful as functional substitute tissues and organs for transplantation or for in vitro toxicology testing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erik J Suuronen
- Division of Cardiac Surgery, University of Ottawa Heart Institute, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
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Yuan J, Chen L, Jiang X, Shen J, Lin S. Chemical graft polymerization of sulfobetaine monomer on polyurethane surface for reduction in platelet adhesion. Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces 2004; 39:87-94. [PMID: 15542345 DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfb.2004.08.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2003] [Revised: 08/22/2004] [Accepted: 08/30/2004] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Surface modification is an effective way to improve the hemocompatibility and remain bulk properties of biomaterials. Recently, polymer tailored with zwitterions was found having good blood compatibility. In this study, the zwitterionic monomer of sulfobetaine was graft polymerized onto polyurethane (PU) surface in a three-step heterogenous system through the vinyl bonds of acrylic acid (AA) or hydroxyethyl methacrylate (HEMA), which was immobilized with hexamethylene diisocyanate (HDI) beforehand. First, PU was activated with isocyanate groups using HDI as coupling agent. Second, AA or HEMA was introduced through reaction of AA or HEMA with NCO groups bonded on PU surface. Last, zwitterionic monomer of sulfobetain was graft polymerized with vinyl group of AA or HEMA using AIBN as polymerization initiator. The reaction process was monitored with ATR-IR spectra and XPS spectra. Variation of graft yield with temperature and monomer feed concentration was investigated and feasible conditions were optimized. The wettability of films was investigated by water contact angle measurement and water absorbance. Platelet adhesion experiment was conducted as a preliminary test to confirm the improved blood compatibility of PU. The number of platelets adhering to PU decreased greatly comparing with the originals after 1 and 3 h of contact with human plate-rich plasma (PRP).
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiang Yuan
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, P.R. China.
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43
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Woodhouse KA, Klement P, Chen V, Gorbet MB, Keeley FW, Stahl R, Fromstein JD, Bellingham CM. Investigation of recombinant human elastin polypeptides as non-thrombogenic coatings. Biomaterials 2004; 25:4543-53. [PMID: 15120499 DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2003.11.043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 109] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2003] [Accepted: 11/24/2003] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
We investigated the use of a recombinant human elastin polypeptide as a coating on synthetic materials with a view to determining if these polypeptides could improve the blood compatibility of cardiovascular devices such as vascular conduits and arterial/venous catheters. Platelet adhesion and activation were studied in vitro using three commercially available synthetic materials: polyethylene terephthalate (Mylar), a poly(tetrafluoroethylene/ethylene) copolymer (Tefzel) and a polycarbonate polyurethane (Corethane). Coated with adsorbed polypeptide, all three synthetic materials demonstrated reduced platelet activation and adhesion in platelet rich plasma in vitro. Compared to non-coated controls, there was a significant decrease (p=0.05) in both platelet microparticle release and P-selectin expression for the polypeptide-coated surfaces. Scanning electron microscopy indicated fewer adhering platelets on coated surfaces compared to non-coated controls. In vivo, in a rabbit model, evaluations of polyurethane catheters coated with the polypeptide showed a marked increase in catheter patency and a significant decrease in fibrin accretion and embolism when compared to uncoated controls. This polypeptide shows a strong potential for use as a non-thrombogenic coating for small diameter vascular grafts. In addition, the results of this study indicate that the elastin polypeptide would be a valuable component of a tissue engineered vascular conduit.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kimberly A Woodhouse
- Chemical Engineering and Applied Chemistry, University of Toronto, 200 College Street, Toronto, Ontario, Canada M5S 3E5.
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Kim JG, Sim SJ, Kim JH, Kim SH, Kim YH. Synthesis and polymerization of methacryloyl-PEG-sulfonic acid as a functional macromer for biocompatible polymeric surfaces. Macromol Res 2004. [DOI: 10.1007/bf03218415] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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45
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Jiang Y, Rongbing B, Ling T, Jian S, Sicong L. Blood compatibility of polyurethane surface grafted copolymerization with sulfobetaine monomer. Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces 2004; 36:27-33. [PMID: 15261020 DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfb.2004.03.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/11/2004] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
Surface modification is an effective way to improve the hemocompatibility and remain bulk properties of biomaterials. Recently, polymer tailed with zwitterions was found having good blood compatibility. In this study, the grafting copolymerization of sulfobetaine onto polyurethane surface was obtained through two steps. In the first step, polyurethane film coupled with vinyl groups was obtained through the reaction between the carboxyl group of acrylic acid (AA) and the NH-urethane group of polyurethane by dicyclohexylcarbodiimide (DCC). In the second step, sulfobetaine was grafted copolymerization on the surface using AIBN as an initiator. The reaction process was monitored with ATR-IR spectra and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) spectra. The wettability of films was investigated by water contact angle measurement. The blood compatibility of the grafted films was evaluated by platelet adhesion in platelet rich plasma (PRP) and protein absorption in bovine fibrinogen (BFG). Low platelet adhesion was observed on the grafted films incubated in PRP for 1 and 3 h, respectively. The protein absorption was reduced on the grafted films after incubated in bovine fibrinogen for 2 h. All of these results revealed that the improved blood compatibility was obtained by grafting copolymerization with zwitterionic monomer of sulfobetaine onto polyurethane film. In addition, introducing vinyl groups onto surface through DCC and AA is a novel method to functionalize polyurethane for further modification.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuan Jiang
- Research Center of Surface and Interface Chemical and Engineering Technology, Nanjing University, 210093, China
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Salacinski HJ, Hamilton G, Seifalian AM. Surface functionalization and grafting of heparin and/or RGD by an aqueous-based process to a poly(carbonate-urea)urethane cardiovascular graft for cellular engineering applications. J Biomed Mater Res A 2003; 66:688-97. [PMID: 12918053 DOI: 10.1002/jbm.a.10020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
An aqueous-based process is reported for surface functionalization and grafting of anticoagulant and cell attachment moieties, such as heparin and/or arginine-glycine- aspartate (RGD) onto the lumenal surface of a prefabricated cardiovascular graft (5 mm i.d.) made of poly(carbonate- urea)urethane (MyoLink). It is a three-stage process, all aqueous: (1) hydroxylation using an azobis compound, particularly 2,2'-azobis(2-methylpropionamidine)dihydrochloride, which abstracts hydrogen via an electron transfer process from the polyurethane surface (strong oxygen purging); (2) grafting using the as-generated hydroxide groups to allow attachment of an acrylamide monomer using a conventional ceric ion technique (strong nitrogen purging); and (3) moiety attachment, preactivated with [1-ethyl-3-(3-dimethylaminopropyl)carbodiimide] in acidic solution. The technique was validated by attaching heparin and RGD/heparin to the MyoLink polymer. Following bonding, the graft segments were exposed to prolonged physiologic shear force in a flow circuit (10 h). The grafts first were analyzed by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) to determine the degree of attachment of the moieties and then by materials methods to assess whether any degradation of the graft material itself had occurred since polyurethanes with carbonate amorphous segments are readily susceptible to hydrolytic degradation following functionalization processes. XPS showed the moieties were present on the surface at a concentration of 10%. The S2p(3/2) states of sulfur indicated that there were high degrees of ionic covalent bonding, indicating high degrees of moiety bioactivity. Heparin was found to be present from the sulfur signal, namely NSO(3). RGD was found to be present from the nitrogen signal present at the binding energy of 399 eV. Macroscopic analysis and ESEM showed no signs of polyurethane degradation or small protuberances indicative of microgel formation. Quality control (QC) showed that the internal diameters and wall thicknesses of all the respective grafts postbonding remained within normal batch release limits (5 +/- 0.1mm, i.d.; 0.9 +/- 0.05 mm, wall thickness). Gel permeation chromatography (GPC) showed there were no statistical differences between the control, which was nonbonded (MN 45,300, MW 98,500, D 2.17) and all of the bonded samples, respectively (MN 41,800, MW 104,000, D 2.45). Radial tensile strength (RTS) analysis also showed that all of the respective samples postbonding (1.48N/mm) remained within batch release specifications (>1N/mm). A simple aqueous polymer surface functionalization and grafting technique has been developed for covalent bonding of anticoagulant and cell-attachment moieties onto poly(carbonate-urea)urethane(s) and has been validated by surface and materials analyses. The moieties were attached uniformly and were bioactive at a high surface density. No degradation in terms of a loss in mechanical properties was evident following bonding of the polyurethane.
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Affiliation(s)
- Henryk J Salacinski
- Tissue Engineering Center, University Department of Surgery, Royal Free and University College Medical School, University College London and the Royal Free Hospital, London NW3 2QG, United Kingdom
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Abstract
Central venous catheters are widely used in children with critical illness and chronic disease. These devices are often essential in the delivery of medications and intravenous fluids and in hemodynamic monitoring. Central venous catheter occlusion and thrombosis are common problems in patients using these devices. This article reviews the background, pathophysiology, and incidence of catheter occlusion and catheter-related thrombosis. Diagnostic, preventive, and treatment strategies, along with future research directions, are addressed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brian R Jacobs
- Division of Critical Care Medicine, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, 3333 Burnet Avenue, Cincinnati, OH 45229, USA.
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Horne MK, Brokaw KJ. Antithrombin activity of lepirudin adsorbed to silicone (polydimethylsiloxane) tubing. Thromb Res 2003; 112:111-5. [PMID: 15013282 DOI: 10.1016/j.thromres.2003.10.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2003] [Revised: 10/02/2003] [Accepted: 10/16/2003] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- McDonald K Horne
- Hematology Service, Department of Laboratory Medicine, W.G. Magnuson Clinical Center, National Institutes of Health, Rm 2C306, Building 10, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA.
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49
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Chan AKC, Rak J, Berry L, Liao P, Vlasin M, Weitz J, Klement P. Antithrombin-heparin covalent complex: a possible alternative to heparin for arterial thrombosis prevention. Circulation 2002; 106:261-5. [PMID: 12105168 DOI: 10.1161/01.cir.0000021431.88095.78] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The anticoagulant effect of heparinoids is attributed to their cofactor activity for antithrombin (AT) and heparin cofactor II. In patients with thrombosis, however, thrombin is often protected from AT-dependent, heparin-mediated inactivation. The purpose of this study was to compare the properties of unfractionated/standard heparin (UFH/SH) and those of a novel covalent AT-heparin complex (ATH) in a rabbit arterial thrombosis prevention and bleeding model. METHODS AND RESULTS Thrombosis in the distal aorta was triggered by vessel wall injury and critical stenosis. Blood flow in the damaged arterial segment was monitored with a flow probe placed distal to the constrictor. Rabbits were given doses of SH (62.5 to 187.5 IU x kg(-1) x 90 min(-1)) or ATH (16 to 65 IU x kg(-1) x 90 min(-1)). Cumulative blood loss from skin incisions was used to assess drug safety. The antithrombotic effects of ATH were greater than those of SH as measured by clot weight, blood flow, and vessel patency; eg, complete thrombus resolution was achieved with ATH (33 to 65 IU/kg), but not SH (125.0 to 187.5 IU/kg). At doses that produced equivalent vessel patency (50% to 60%), blood loss induced by ATH (60.2 microL) was 2.6-fold lower (P<0.05) than that induced by SH (154.6 microL). CONCLUSIONS In our experimental system, ATH was able to control arterial thrombosis more effectively than its SH precursor, without pronounced bleeding.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anthony K C Chan
- Henderson Research Centre, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
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