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Zhu Y, Feng X, Wang Z, Zhang Y, Zhang Y, Chen J, Liu Y. Umami Altering Salivary Proteome: A Study across a Sensitivity Spectrum on Subjects. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2024; 72:13451-13464. [PMID: 38728234 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.4c01326] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/12/2024]
Abstract
This study delved into the relationship between umami taste sensitivity (UTS) and variations in the salivary proteome among 12 healthy nonsmokers utilizing 4D data-independent acquisition-based proteomics. By assessing UTS through monosodium l-glutamate (MSG) detection thresholds, we discovered notable differences: individuals with high UTS detected umami at significantly lower MSG concentrations (0.20 ± 0.12 mM) compared to their low UTS counterparts (2.51 ± 1.21 mM). Both groups showed an upregulation of the S100A1 protein under MSG stimulation, indicating a potent biochemical response to umami stimuli. The high UTS group exhibited enhanced metabolic pathways including those for amino acid, lipid, and organic acid biosynthesis, essential for maintaining taste receptor functionality and enhancing signal transduction. This group also demonstrated increased activity in cytochrome P450 enzymes and ribonucleoprotein complexes, suggesting a readiness to manage metabolic challenges and optimize umami perception. In contrast, the low UTS group showed adaptive mechanisms, possibly through modulation of receptor availability and function, with an upregulation of structural and ribosomal proteins that may support taste receptor production and turnover. These findings suggest that varying biological mechanisms underpin differences in umami perception, which could significantly influence dietary preferences and nutritional outcomes, highlighting the intricate interplay of genetic, physiological, and metabolic factors in taste sensitivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yiwen Zhu
- Department of Food Science & Technology, School of Agriculture & Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Xiaoxiao Feng
- Department of Food Science & Technology, School of Agriculture & Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Ziyu Wang
- Department of Food Science & Technology, School of Agriculture & Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Yin Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Meat Processing of Sichuan, Chengdu University, Chengdu 610106, China
| | - Yuyu Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Geriatric Nutrition and Health (Beijing Technology and Business University), Ministry of Education, Beijing 100048, China
- Food Laboratory of Zhongyuan, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing 100048, China
- Key Laboratory of Flavor Science of China General Chamber of Commerce, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing 100048, China
| | - Jianshe Chen
- School of Food Science and Biotechnology, Zhejiang Gongshang University, Food Oral Processing Laboratory, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310018, China
| | - Yuan Liu
- Department of Food Science & Technology, School of Agriculture & Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
- School of Food Science and Engineering, Ningxia University, Yinchuan 750021, China
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2
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Kushnireva L, Korkotian E, Segal M. Exposure of Cultured Hippocampal Neurons to the Mitochondrial Uncoupler Carbonyl Cyanide Chlorophenylhydrazone Induces a Rapid Growth of Dendritic Processes. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:12940. [PMID: 37629119 PMCID: PMC10455170 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241612940] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2023] [Accepted: 08/15/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023] Open
Abstract
A major route for the influx of calcium ions into neurons uses the STIM-Orai1 voltage-independent channel. Once cytosolic calcium ([Ca2+]i) elevates, it activates mitochondrial and endoplasmic calcium stores to affect downstream molecular pathways. In the present study, we employed a novel drug, carbonyl cyanide chlorophenylhydrazone (CCCP), a mitochondrial uncoupler, to explore the role of mitochondria in cultured neuronal morphology. CCCP caused a sustained elevation of [Ca2+]i and, quite surprisingly, a massive increase in the density of dendritic filopodia and spines in the affected neurons. This morphological change can be prevented in cultures exposed to a calcium-free medium, Orai1 antagonist 2APB, or cells transfected with a mutant Orai1 plasmid. It is suggested that CCCP activates mitochondria through the influx of calcium to cause rapid growth of dendritic processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liliia Kushnireva
- Faculty of Biology, Perm State University, 614068 Perm, Russia;
- Department of Brain Sciences, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot 7610001, Israel;
| | - Eduard Korkotian
- Department of Brain Sciences, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot 7610001, Israel;
| | - Menahem Segal
- Department of Brain Sciences, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot 7610001, Israel;
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Tran Q, Lee H, Jung JH, Chang SH, Shrestha R, Kong G, Park J, Kim SH, Park KS, Rhee HW, Yun J, Cho MH, Kim KP, Park J. Emerging role of LETM1/GRP78 axis in lung cancer. Cell Death Dis 2022; 13:543. [PMID: 35680871 PMCID: PMC9184611 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-022-04993-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2021] [Revised: 05/26/2022] [Accepted: 05/31/2022] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
The selective autophagy of damaged mitochondria is called mitophagy. Mitochondrial dysfunction, mitophagy, and apoptosis have been suggested to be interrelated in various human lung carcinomas. Leucine zipper EF-hand-containing transmembrane protein-1 (LETM1) was cloned in an attempt to identify candidate genes for Wolf-Hirschhorn syndrome. LETM1 plays a role in mitochondrial morphology, ion homeostasis, and cell viability. LETM1 has also been shown to be overexpressed in different human cancer tissues, including lung cancer. In the current study, we have provided clear evidence that LETM1 acts as an anchoring protein for the mitochondria-associated ER membrane (MAM). Fragmented mitochondria have been found in lung cancer cells with LETM1 overexpression. In addition, a reduction of mitochondrial membrane potential and significant accumulation of microtubule-associated protein 1 A/1B-light chain 3 punctate, which localizes with Red-Mito, was found in LETM1-overexpressed cells, suggesting that mitophagy is upregulated in these cells. Interestingly, glucose-regulated protein 78 kDa (GRP78; an ER chaperon protein) and glucose-regulated protein 75 kDa (GRP75) were posited to interact with LETM1 in the immunoprecipitated LETM1 of H460 cells. This interaction was enhanced in cells treated with carbonyl cyanide m-chlorophenylhydrazone, a chemical mitophagy inducer. Treatment of cells with honokiol (a GRP78 inhibitor) blocked LETM1-mediated mitophagy, and CRISPR/Cas9-mediated GRP75 knockout inhibited LETM1-induced autophagy. Thus, GRP78 interacts with LETM1. Taken together, these observations support the notion that the complex formation of LETM1/GRP75/GRP78 might be an important step in MAM formation and mitophagy, thus regulating mitochondrial quality control in lung cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Quangdon Tran
- grid.254230.20000 0001 0722 6377Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, 35015 South Korea ,grid.254230.20000 0001 0722 6377Department of Medical Science, Metabolic Syndrome and Cell Signaling Laboratory, Institute for Cancer Research, College of Medicine, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, 35015 South Korea ,Molecular Biology Laboratory, Department of Medical Laboratories, Hai Phong International Hospital, Hai Phong City, #18000 Vietnam
| | - Hyunji Lee
- grid.254230.20000 0001 0722 6377Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, 35015 South Korea ,grid.254230.20000 0001 0722 6377Department of Medical Science, Metabolic Syndrome and Cell Signaling Laboratory, Institute for Cancer Research, College of Medicine, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, 35015 South Korea
| | - Jae Hun Jung
- grid.289247.20000 0001 2171 7818Department of Applied Chemistry, College of Applied Sciences, Kyunghee University, Yongin, 17104 South Korea
| | - Seung-Hee Chang
- grid.31501.360000 0004 0470 5905Laboratory of Toxicology, College of Veterinary Medicine Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826 South Korea
| | - Robin Shrestha
- grid.254230.20000 0001 0722 6377Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, 35015 South Korea ,grid.254230.20000 0001 0722 6377Department of Medical Science, Metabolic Syndrome and Cell Signaling Laboratory, Institute for Cancer Research, College of Medicine, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, 35015 South Korea
| | - Gyeyeong Kong
- grid.254230.20000 0001 0722 6377Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, 35015 South Korea ,grid.254230.20000 0001 0722 6377Department of Medical Science, Metabolic Syndrome and Cell Signaling Laboratory, Institute for Cancer Research, College of Medicine, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, 35015 South Korea
| | - Jisoo Park
- grid.254230.20000 0001 0722 6377Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, 35015 South Korea ,grid.254230.20000 0001 0722 6377Department of Medical Science, Metabolic Syndrome and Cell Signaling Laboratory, Institute for Cancer Research, College of Medicine, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, 35015 South Korea ,grid.411948.10000 0001 0523 5122Department of Life Science, Hyehwa Liberal Arts College, Daejeon University, Daejeon, 34520 South Korea
| | - Seon-Hwan Kim
- grid.254230.20000 0001 0722 6377Department of Neurosurgery, Institute for Cancer Research, College of Medicine, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, 35015 South Korea
| | - Kyu-Sang Park
- grid.15444.300000 0004 0470 5454Department of Physiology and Institute of Lifestyle Medicine, Yonsei University Wonju College of Medicine, Wonju, 26427 Korea
| | - Hyun-Woo Rhee
- grid.42687.3f0000 0004 0381 814XDepartment of Chemistry, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology, Ulsan, 44919 Korea
| | - Jeanho Yun
- grid.255166.30000 0001 2218 7142Mitochondria Hub Regulation Center, College of Medicine, Dong-A University, Busan, 49201 South Korea
| | - Myung-Haing Cho
- grid.31501.360000 0004 0470 5905Laboratory of Toxicology, College of Veterinary Medicine Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826 South Korea ,RNABIO, Seongnam, Gyeonggi-do 13201 South Korea
| | - Kwang Pyo Kim
- grid.289247.20000 0001 2171 7818Department of Applied Chemistry, College of Applied Sciences, Kyunghee University, Yongin, 17104 South Korea
| | - Jongsun Park
- grid.254230.20000 0001 0722 6377Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, 35015 South Korea ,grid.254230.20000 0001 0722 6377Department of Medical Science, Metabolic Syndrome and Cell Signaling Laboratory, Institute for Cancer Research, College of Medicine, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, 35015 South Korea
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Bortolin A, Neto E, Lamghari M. Calcium Signalling in Breast Cancer Associated Bone Pain. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23031902. [PMID: 35163823 PMCID: PMC8836937 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23031902] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2021] [Revised: 02/01/2022] [Accepted: 02/03/2022] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Calcium (Ca2+) is involved as a signalling mediator in a broad variety of physiological processes. Some of the fastest responses in human body like neuronal action potential firing, to the slowest gene transcriptional regulation processes are controlled by pathways involving calcium signalling. Under pathological conditions these mechanisms are also involved in tumoral cells reprogramming, resulting in the altered expression of genes associated with cell proliferation, metastatisation and homing to the secondary metastatic site. On the other hand, calcium exerts a central function in nociception, from cues sensing in distal neurons, to signal modulation and interpretation in the central nervous system leading, in pathological conditions, to hyperalgesia, allodynia and pain chronicization. It is well known the relationship between cancer and pain when tumoral metastatic cells settle in the bones, especially in late breast cancer stage, where they alter the bone micro-environment leading to bone lesions and resulting in pain refractory to the conventional analgesic therapies. The purpose of this review is to address the Ca2+ signalling mechanisms involved in cancer cell metastatisation as well as the function of the same signalling tools in pain regulation and transmission. Finally, the possible interactions between these two cells types cohabiting the same Ca2+ rich environment will be further explored attempting to highlight new possible therapeutical targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Bortolin
- i3S—Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Universidade do Porto, Rua Alfredo Allen 280, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal; (A.B.); (E.N.)
- INEB—Instituto de Engenharia Biomédica, Universidade do Porto, Rua Alfredo Allen 280, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal
- FEUP—Faculdade de Engenharia da Universidade do Porto, Rua Dr. Roberto Frias s/n, 4200-465 Porto, Portugal
| | - Estrela Neto
- i3S—Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Universidade do Porto, Rua Alfredo Allen 280, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal; (A.B.); (E.N.)
- INEB—Instituto de Engenharia Biomédica, Universidade do Porto, Rua Alfredo Allen 280, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal
| | - Meriem Lamghari
- i3S—Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Universidade do Porto, Rua Alfredo Allen 280, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal; (A.B.); (E.N.)
- INEB—Instituto de Engenharia Biomédica, Universidade do Porto, Rua Alfredo Allen 280, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal
- Correspondence:
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Bhandari R, Sharma A, Kuhad A. Novel Nanotechnological Approaches for Targeting Dorsal Root Ganglion (DRG) in Mitigating Diabetic Neuropathic Pain (DNP). Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2022; 12:790747. [PMID: 35211091 PMCID: PMC8862660 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2021.790747] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2021] [Accepted: 12/17/2021] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Diabetic neuropathy is the most entrenched complication of diabetes. Usually, it affects the distal foot and toes, which then gradually approaches the lower part of the legs. Diabetic foot ulcer (DFU) could be one of the worst complications of diabetes mellitus. Long-term diabetes leads to hyperglycemia, which is the utmost contributor to neuropathic pain. Hyperglycemia causing an upregulation of voltage-gated sodium channels in the dorsal root ganglion (DRG) was often observed in models of neuropathic pain. DRG opening frequency increases intracellular sodium ion levels, which further causes increased calcium channel opening and stimulates other pathways leading to diabetic peripheral neuropathy (DPN). Currently, pain due to diabetic neuropathy is managed via antidepressants, opioids, gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) analogs, and topical agents such as capsaicin. Despite the availability of various treatment strategies, the percentage of patients achieving adequate pain relief remains low. Many factors contribute to this condition, such as lack of specificity and adverse effects such as light-headedness, languidness, and multiple daily doses. Therefore, nanotechnology outperforms in every aspect, providing several benefits compared to traditional therapy such as site-specific and targeted drug delivery. Nanotechnology is the branch of science that deals with the development of nanoscale materials and products, even smaller than 100 nm. Carriers can improve their efficacy with reduced side effects by incorporating drugs into the novel delivery systems. Thus, the utilization of nanotechnological approaches such as nanoparticles, polymeric nanoparticles, inorganic nanoparticles, lipid nanoparticles, gene therapy (siRNA and miRNA), and extracellular vesicles can extensively contribute to relieving neuropathic pain.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Anurag Kuhad
- University Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Panjab University, Chandigarh, India
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Wei G, Gu Z, Gu J, Yu J, Huang X, Qin F, Li L, Ding R, Huo J. Platinum accumulation in oxaliplatin-induced peripheral neuropathy. J Peripher Nerv Syst 2021; 26:35-42. [PMID: 33462873 PMCID: PMC7986112 DOI: 10.1111/jns.12432] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2020] [Revised: 10/29/2020] [Accepted: 10/30/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Oxaliplatin-induced peripheral neuropathy (OIPN) is a common and dose-limiting toxic effect that markedly limits the use of oxaliplatin and affects the quality of life. Although it is common, the underlying mechanisms of OIPN remain ambiguous. Recent studies have shown that the platinum accumulation in peripheral nervous system, especially in dorsal root ganglion, is a significant mechanism of OIPN. Several specific transporters, including organic cation transporters, high-affinity copper uptake protein1 (CTR1), ATPase copper transporting alpha (ATP7A) and multidrug and toxin extrusion protein 1 (MATE1), could be associated with this mechanism. This review summarizes the current research progress about the relationship between platinum accumulation and OIPN, as well as suggests trend for the future research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guoli Wei
- Department of Oncology, Affiliated Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western MedicineNanjing University of Chinese MedicineNanjingChina
- Graduate schoolNanjing University of Chinese MedicineNanjingChina
- Department of OncologyJiangsu Province Academy of Traditional Chinese MedicineNanjingChina
| | - Zhancheng Gu
- Department of Oncology, Affiliated Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western MedicineNanjing University of Chinese MedicineNanjingChina
- Graduate schoolNanjing University of Chinese MedicineNanjingChina
| | - Jialin Gu
- Department of Oncology, Affiliated Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western MedicineNanjing University of Chinese MedicineNanjingChina
- Graduate schoolNanjing University of Chinese MedicineNanjingChina
| | - Jialin Yu
- Department of Oncology, Affiliated Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western MedicineNanjing University of Chinese MedicineNanjingChina
- Department of OncologyJiangsu Province Academy of Traditional Chinese MedicineNanjingChina
| | - Xiaofei Huang
- Department of Oncology, Affiliated Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western MedicineNanjing University of Chinese MedicineNanjingChina
- Graduate schoolNanjing University of Chinese MedicineNanjingChina
- Department of OncologyJiangsu Province Academy of Traditional Chinese MedicineNanjingChina
| | - Fengxia Qin
- Department of Oncology, Affiliated Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western MedicineNanjing University of Chinese MedicineNanjingChina
- Graduate schoolNanjing University of Chinese MedicineNanjingChina
- Department of OncologyJiangsu Province Academy of Traditional Chinese MedicineNanjingChina
| | - Lingchang Li
- Department of Oncology, Affiliated Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western MedicineNanjing University of Chinese MedicineNanjingChina
- Department of OncologyJiangsu Province Academy of Traditional Chinese MedicineNanjingChina
| | - Rong Ding
- Department of Oncology, Affiliated Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western MedicineNanjing University of Chinese MedicineNanjingChina
- Department of OncologyJiangsu Province Academy of Traditional Chinese MedicineNanjingChina
| | - Jiege Huo
- Department of Oncology, Affiliated Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western MedicineNanjing University of Chinese MedicineNanjingChina
- Department of OncologyJiangsu Province Academy of Traditional Chinese MedicineNanjingChina
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Stanford KR, Taylor-Clark TE. Mitochondrial modulation-induced activation of vagal sensory neuronal subsets by antimycin A, but not CCCP or rotenone, correlates with mitochondrial superoxide production. PLoS One 2018; 13:e0197106. [PMID: 29734380 PMCID: PMC5937758 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0197106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2018] [Accepted: 04/26/2018] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Inflammation causes nociceptive sensory neuron activation, evoking debilitating symptoms and reflexes. Inflammatory signaling pathways are capable of modulating mitochondrial function, resulting in reactive oxygen species (ROS) production, mitochondrial depolarization and calcium release. Previously we showed that mitochondrial modulation with antimycin A, a complex III inhibitor, selectively stimulated nociceptive bronchopulmonary C-fibers via the activation of transient receptor potential (TRP) ankyrin 1 (A1) and vanilloid 1 (V1) cation channels. TRPA1 is ROS-sensitive, but there is little evidence that TRPV1 is activated by ROS. Here, we used dual imaging of dissociated vagal neurons to investigate the correlation of mitochondrial superoxide production (mitoSOX) or mitochondrial depolarization (JC-1) with cytosolic calcium (Fura-2AM), following mitochondrial modulation by antimycin A, rotenone (complex I inhibitor) and carbonyl cyanide m-chlorophenyl hydrazone (CCCP, mitochondrial uncoupling agent). Mitochondrial modulation by all agents selectively increased cytosolic calcium in a subset of TRPA1/TRPV1-expressing (A1/V1+) neurons. There was a significant correlation between antimycin A-induced calcium responses and mitochondrial superoxide in wild-type 'responding' A1/V1+ neurons, which was eliminated in TRPA1-/- neurons, but not TRPV1-/- neurons. Nevertheless, antimycin A-induced superoxide production did not always increase calcium in A1/V1+ neurons, suggesting a critical role of an unknown factor. CCCP caused both superoxide production and mitochondrial depolarization but neither correlated with calcium fluxes in A1/V1+ neurons. Rotenone-induced calcium responses in 'responding' A1/V1+ neurons correlated with mitochondrial depolarization but not superoxide production. Our data are consistent with the hypothesis that mitochondrial dysfunction causes calcium fluxes in a subset of A1/V1+ neurons via ROS-dependent and ROS-independent mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katherine R. Stanford
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology & Physiology, Morsani College of Medicine, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL, United States of America
| | - Thomas E. Taylor-Clark
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology & Physiology, Morsani College of Medicine, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL, United States of America
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Rouwette T, Sondermann J, Avenali L, Gomez-Varela D, Schmidt M. Standardized Profiling of The Membrane-Enriched Proteome of Mouse Dorsal Root Ganglia (DRG) Provides Novel Insights Into Chronic Pain. Mol Cell Proteomics 2016; 15:2152-68. [PMID: 27103637 DOI: 10.1074/mcp.m116.058966] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2016] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Chronic pain is a complex disease with limited treatment options. Several profiling efforts have been employed with the aim to dissect its molecular underpinnings. However, generated results are often inconsistent and nonoverlapping, which is largely because of inherent technical constraints. Emerging data-independent acquisition (DIA)-mass spectrometry (MS) has the potential to provide unbiased, reproducible and quantitative proteome maps - a prerequisite for standardization among experiments. Here, we designed a DIA-based proteomics workflow to profile changes in the abundance of dorsal root ganglia (DRG) proteins in two mouse models of chronic pain, inflammatory and neuropathic. We generated a DRG-specific spectral library containing 3067 DRG proteins, which enables their standardized quantification by means of DIA-MS in any laboratory. Using this resource, we profiled 2526 DRG proteins in each biological replicate of both chronic pain models and respective controls with unprecedented reproducibility. We detected numerous differentially regulated proteins, the majority of which exhibited pain model-specificity. Our approach recapitulates known biology and discovers dozens of proteins that have not been characterized in the somatosensory system before. Functional validation experiments and analysis of mouse pain behaviors demonstrate that indeed meaningful protein alterations were discovered. These results illustrate how the application of DIA-MS can open new avenues to achieve the long-awaited standardization in the molecular dissection of pathologies of the somatosensory system. Therefore, our findings provide a valuable framework to qualitatively extend our understanding of chronic pain and somatosensation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tom Rouwette
- From the ‡Somatosensory Signaling and Systems Biology Group, Max Planck Institute of Experimental Medicine, Hermann-Rein-Strasse 3, 37075 Goettingen, Germany
| | - Julia Sondermann
- From the ‡Somatosensory Signaling and Systems Biology Group, Max Planck Institute of Experimental Medicine, Hermann-Rein-Strasse 3, 37075 Goettingen, Germany
| | - Luca Avenali
- From the ‡Somatosensory Signaling and Systems Biology Group, Max Planck Institute of Experimental Medicine, Hermann-Rein-Strasse 3, 37075 Goettingen, Germany
| | - David Gomez-Varela
- From the ‡Somatosensory Signaling and Systems Biology Group, Max Planck Institute of Experimental Medicine, Hermann-Rein-Strasse 3, 37075 Goettingen, Germany
| | - Manuela Schmidt
- From the ‡Somatosensory Signaling and Systems Biology Group, Max Planck Institute of Experimental Medicine, Hermann-Rein-Strasse 3, 37075 Goettingen, Germany
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Reilly JM, Dharmalingam B, Marsh SJ, Thompson V, Goebel A, Brown DA. Effects of serum immunoglobulins from patients with complex regional pain syndrome (CRPS) on depolarisation-induced calcium transients in isolated dorsal root ganglion (DRG) neurons. Exp Neurol 2015; 277:96-102. [PMID: 26708558 DOI: 10.1016/j.expneurol.2015.12.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2015] [Revised: 12/10/2015] [Accepted: 12/15/2015] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Complex regional pain syndrome (CRPS) is thought to have an auto-immune component. One such target recently proposed from the effects of auto-immune IgGs on Ca(2+) transients in cardiac myocytes and cell lines is the α1-adrenoceptor. We have tested whether such IgGs exerted comparable effects on nociceptive sensory neurons isolated from rat dorsal root ganglia. Depolarisation-induced [Ca(2+)]i transients were generated by applying 30 mM KCl for 2 min and monitored by Fura-2 fluorescence imaging. No IgGs tested (including 3 from CRPS patients) had any significant effect on these [Ca(2+)]i transients. However, IgG from one CRPS patient consistently and significantly reduced the K(+)-induced response of cells that had been pre-incubated for 24h with a mixture of inflammatory mediators (1 μM histamine, 5-hydroxytryptamine, bradykinin and PGE2). Since this pre-incubation also appeared to induce a comparable inhibitory response to the α1-agonist phenylephrine, this is compatible with the α1-adrenoceptor as a target for CRPS auto-immunity. A mechanism whereby this might enhance pain is suggested.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joanne M Reilly
- Department of Neuroscience, Physiology and Pharmacology, University College London, Gower Street, London, WC1E 6BT, UK
| | - Backialakshmi Dharmalingam
- Department of Neuroscience, Physiology and Pharmacology, University College London, Gower Street, London, WC1E 6BT, UK; Pain Research Institute, Department of Translational Medicine, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, L9 7AL, UK
| | - Stephen J Marsh
- Department of Neuroscience, Physiology and Pharmacology, University College London, Gower Street, London, WC1E 6BT, UK
| | - Victoria Thompson
- Pain Research Institute, Department of Translational Medicine, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, L9 7AL, UK
| | - Andreas Goebel
- Pain Research Institute, Department of Translational Medicine, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, L9 7AL, UK.
| | - David A Brown
- Department of Neuroscience, Physiology and Pharmacology, University College London, Gower Street, London, WC1E 6BT, UK
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Mitochondrial Dysfunction in Chemotherapy-Induced Peripheral Neuropathy (CIPN). TOXICS 2015; 3:198-223. [PMID: 29056658 PMCID: PMC5634687 DOI: 10.3390/toxics3020198] [Citation(s) in RCA: 116] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2015] [Revised: 05/26/2015] [Accepted: 06/01/2015] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
The mitochondrial dysfunction has a critical role in several disorders including chemotherapy-induced peripheral neuropathies (CIPN). This is due to a related dysregulation of pathways involving calcium signalling, reactive oxygen species and apoptosis. Vincristine is able to affect calcium movement through the Dorsal Root Ganglia (DRG) neuronal mitochondrial membrane, altering its homeostasis and leading to abnormal neuronal excitability. Paclitaxel induces the opening of the mitochondrial permeability transition pore in axons followed by mitochondrial membrane potential loss, increased reactive oxygen species generation, ATP level reduction, calcium release and mitochondrial swelling. Cisplatin and oxaliplatin form adducts with mitochondrial DNA producing inhibition of replication, disruption of transcription and morphological abnormalities within mitochondria in DRG neurons, leading to a gradual energy failure. Bortezomib is able to modify mitochondrial calcium homeostasis and mitochondrial respiratory chain. Moreover, the expression of a certain number of genes, including those controlling mitochondrial functions, was altered in patients with bortezomib-induced peripheral neuropathy.
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Carozzi VA, Canta A, Chiorazzi A. Chemotherapy-induced peripheral neuropathy: What do we know about mechanisms? Neurosci Lett 2014; 596:90-107. [PMID: 25459280 DOI: 10.1016/j.neulet.2014.10.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 285] [Impact Index Per Article: 28.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2014] [Accepted: 10/09/2014] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Cisplatin, oxaliplatin, paclitaxel, vincristine and bortezomib are some of the most effective drugs successfully employed (alone or in combinations) as first-line treatment for common cancers. However they often caused severe peripheral neurotoxicity and neuropathic pain. Structural deficits in Dorsal Root Ganglia and sensory nerves caused symptoms as sensory loss, paresthesia, dysaesthesia and numbness that result in patient' suffering and also limit the life-saving therapy. Several scientists have explored the various mechanisms involved in the onset of chemotherapy-related peripheral neurotoxicity identifying molecular targets useful for the development of selected neuroprotective strategies. Dorsal Root Ganglia sensory neurons, satellite cells, Schwann cells, as well as neuronal and glial cells in the spinal cord, are the preferential sites in which chemotherapy neurotoxicity occurs. DNA damage, alterations in cellular system repairs, mitochondria changes, increased intracellular reactive oxygen species, alterations in ion channels, glutamate signalling, MAP-kinases and nociceptors ectopic activation are among the events that trigger the onset of peripheral neurotoxicity and neuropathic pain. In the present work we review the role of the main players in determining the pathogenesis of anticancer drugs-induced peripheral neuropathy.
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Affiliation(s)
- V A Carozzi
- Department of Surgery and Translational Medicine, University of Milan-Bicocca, Monza, Italy.
| | - A Canta
- Department of Surgery and Translational Medicine, University of Milan-Bicocca, Monza, Italy
| | - A Chiorazzi
- Department of Surgery and Translational Medicine, University of Milan-Bicocca, Monza, Italy
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12
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Hagenston AM, Simonetti M. Neuronal calcium signaling in chronic pain. Cell Tissue Res 2014; 357:407-26. [PMID: 25012522 DOI: 10.1007/s00441-014-1942-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2014] [Accepted: 06/03/2014] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Acute physiological pain, the unpleasant sensory response to a noxious stimulus, is essential for animals and humans to avoid potential injury. Pathological pain that persists after the original insult or injury has subsided, however, not only results in individual suffering but also imposes a significant cost on society. Improving treatments for long-lasting pathological pain requires a comprehensive understanding of the biological mechanisms underlying pain perception and the development of pain chronicity. In this review, we aim to highlight some of the major findings related to the involvement of neuronal calcium signaling in the processes that mediate chronic pain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna M Hagenston
- University of Heidelberg, Neurobiology, Im Neuenheimer Feld 364, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany,
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13
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Cytosolic calcium regulation in rat afferent vagal neurons during anoxia. Cell Calcium 2013; 54:416-27. [PMID: 24189167 DOI: 10.1016/j.ceca.2013.10.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2013] [Revised: 09/30/2013] [Accepted: 10/06/2013] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Sensory neurons are able to detect tissue ischaemia and both transmit information to the brainstem as well as release local vasoactive mediators. Their ability to sense tissue ischaemia is assumed to be primarily mediated through proton sensing ion channels, lack of oxygen however may also affect sensory neuron function. In this study we investigated the effects of anoxia on isolated capsaicin sensitive neurons from rat nodose ganglion. Acute anoxia triggered a reversible increase in [Ca2+]i that was mainly due to Ca2+-efflux from FCCP sensitive stores and from caffeine and CPA sensitive ER stores. Prolonged anoxia resulted in complete depletion of ER Ca2+-stores. Mitochondria were partially depolarised by acute anoxia but mitochondrial Ca2+-uptake/buffering during voltage-gated Ca2+-influx was unaffected. The process of Ca2+-release from mitochondria and cytosolic Ca2+-clearance following Ca2+ influx was however significantly slowed. Anoxia was also found to inhibit SERCA activity and, to a lesser extent, PMCA activity. Hence, anoxia has multiple influences on [Ca2+]i homeostasis in vagal afferent neurons, including depression of ATP-driven Ca2+-pumps, modulation of the kinetics of mitochondrial Ca2+ buffering/release and Ca2+-release from, and depletion of, internal Ca2+-stores. These effects are likely to influence sensory neuronal function during ischaemia.
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Reichling DB, Green PG, Levine JD. The fundamental unit of pain is the cell. Pain 2013; 154 Suppl 1:S2-9. [PMID: 23711480 DOI: 10.1016/j.pain.2013.05.037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2012] [Revised: 04/12/2013] [Accepted: 05/20/2013] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
The molecular/genetic era has seen the discovery of a staggering number of molecules implicated in pain mechanisms [18,35,61,69,96,133,150,202,224]. This has stimulated pharmaceutical and biotechnology companies to invest billions of dollars to develop drugs that enhance or inhibit the function of many these molecules. Unfortunately this effort has provided a remarkably small return on this investment. Inevitably, transformative progress in this field will require a better understanding of the functional links among the ever-growing ranks of "pain molecules," as well as their links with an even larger number of molecules with which they interact. Importantly, all of these molecules exist side-by-side, within a functional unit, the cell, and its adjacent matrix of extracellular molecules. To paraphrase a recent editorial in Science magazine [223], although we live in the Golden age of Genetics, the fundamental unit of biology is still arguably the cell, and the cell is the critical structural and functional setting in which the function of pain-related molecules must be understood. This review summarizes our current understanding of the nociceptor as a cell-biological unit that responds to a variety of extracellular inputs with a complex and highly organized interaction of signaling molecules. We also discuss the insights that this approach is providing into peripheral mechanisms of chronic pain and sex dependence in pain.
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Affiliation(s)
- David B Reichling
- Department of Medicine, Division of Neuroscience, University of California-San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA; Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Division of Neuroscience, University of California-San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
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15
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Khomula EV, Viatchenko-Karpinski VY, Borisyuk AL, Duzhyy DE, Belan PV, Voitenko NV. Specific functioning of Cav3.2 T-type calcium and TRPV1 channels under different types of STZ-diabetic neuropathy. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Basis Dis 2013; 1832:636-49. [PMID: 23376589 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbadis.2013.01.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2012] [Revised: 12/31/2012] [Accepted: 01/22/2013] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
Streptozotocin (STZ)-induced type 1 diabetes in rats leads to the development of peripheral diabetic neuropathy (PDN) manifested as thermal hyperalgesia at early stages (4th week) followed by hypoalgesia after 8weeks of diabetes development. Here we found that 6-7 week STZ-diabetic rats developed either thermal hyper- (18%), hypo- (25%) or normalgesic (57%) types of PDN. These developmentally similar diabetic rats were studied in order to analyze mechanisms potentially underlying different thermal nociception. The proportion of IB4-positive capsaicin-sensitive small DRG neurons, strongly involved in thermal nociception, was not altered under different types of PDN implying differential changes at cellular and molecular level. We further focused on properties of T-type calcium and TRPV1 channels, which are known to be involved in Ca(2+) signaling and pathological nociception. Indeed, TRPV1-mediated signaling in these neurons was downregulated under hypo- and normalgesia and upregulated under hyperalgesia. A complex interplay between diabetes-induced changes in functional expression of Cav3.2 T-type calcium channels and depolarizing shift of their steady-state inactivation resulted in upregulation of these channels under hyper- and normalgesia and their downregulation under hypoalgesia. As a result, T-type window current was increased by several times under hyperalgesia partially underlying the increased resting [Ca(2+)]i observed in the hyperalgesic rats. At the same time Cav3.2-dependent Ca(2+) signaling was upregulated in all types of PDN. These findings indicate that alterations in functioning of Cav3.2 T-type and TRPV1 channels, specific for each type of PDN, may underlie the variety of pain syndromes induced by type 1 diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eugen V Khomula
- International Center of Molecular Physiology of Natl. Acad. of Sci. of Ukraine, Kyiv, Ukraine.
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16
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Jaggi AS, Singh N. Mechanisms in cancer-chemotherapeutic drugs-induced peripheral neuropathy. Toxicology 2011; 291:1-9. [PMID: 22079234 DOI: 10.1016/j.tox.2011.10.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 239] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2011] [Revised: 10/19/2011] [Accepted: 10/26/2011] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Anti-cancer drugs such as vincristine, paclitaxel, oxaliplatin, cisplatin and bortezomib are well reported to exert direct and indirect effects on sensory nerves to alter the amplitude of action potential, conduction velocity and induce pain. It results in patient suffering and also limits the treatment with potentially useful anticancer drugs. The different scientists have worked in this area to explore the mechanisms responsible for its pathogenesis. Anti-cancer agents activate plasma membrane localized ion channels on dorsal root ganglia and dorsal horn neurons including sodium, calcium, potassium, glutamate activated NMDA receptors to alter cytosolic ionic mileu particularly intracellular calcium that trigger secondary changes to induce neuropathic pain. These may include opening of mPTP pore on mitochondria to induce intracellular calcium release; activation of protein kinase C; phosphorylation of TRPV; activation of calpases/calpains; generation of nitric oxide and free radicals to induce cytotoxicity to axons and neuronal cell bodies. Furthermore, the inflammatory process initiated in glial cells and macrophages also trigger changes in the sensory neurons to alter nociceptive processing. The present review elaborates the role of all these individual targets in the pathogenesis of anticancer agents-induced neuropathic pain to develop effective therapeutic modalities for pain management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amteshwar Singh Jaggi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Drug Research, Punjabi University, Patiala 147002, Punjab, India
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18
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Abstract
The fundamental role of calcium ions (Ca(2+)) in an excitable tissue, the frog heart, was first demonstrated in a series of classical reports by Sydney Ringer in the latter part of the nineteenth century (1882a, b; 1893a, b). Even so, nearly a century elapsed before it was proven that Ca(2+) regulated the excitability of primary sensory neurons. In this chapter we review the sites and mechanisms whereby internal and external Ca(2+) can directly or indirectly alter the excitability of primary sensory neurons: excitability changes being manifested typically by variations in shape of the action potential or the pattern of its discharge.
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20
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Henrich M, Buckler KJ. Effects of anoxia and aglycemia on cytosolic calcium regulation in rat sensory neurons. J Neurophysiol 2008; 100:456-73. [PMID: 18417627 PMCID: PMC2493471 DOI: 10.1152/jn.01380.2007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Nociceptive neurons play an important role in ischemia by sensing and transmitting information to the CNS and by secreting peptides and nitric oxide, which can have local effects. While these responses are probably primarily mediated by acid sensing channels, other events occurring in ischemia may also influence neuron function. In this study, we have investigated the effects of anoxia and anoxic aglycemia on Ca2+ regulation in sensory neurons from rat dorsal root ganglia. Anoxia increased [Ca2+]i by evoking Ca2+ release from two distinct internal stores one sensitive to carbonyl cyanide p-(trifluoromethoxy) phenylhydrazone (FCCP) and one sensitive to caffeine, cyclopiazonic acid (CPA), and ryanodine [assumed to be the endoplasmic reticulum (ER)]. Anoxia also promoted progressive decline in ER Ca2+ content. Despite partially depolarizing mitochondria, anoxia had relatively little effect on mitochondrial Ca2+ uptake when neurons were depolarized but substantially delayed mitochondrial Ca2+ release and subsequent Ca2+ clearance from the cytosol on repolarization. Anoxia also reduced both sarco(endo)plasmic reticulum Ca2+-ATPase (SERCA) activity and Ca2+ extrusion [probably via plasma membrane Ca2+-ATPase (PMCA)]. Thus anoxia has multiple effects on [Ca2+]i homeostasis in sensory neurons involving internal stores, mitochondrial buffering, and Ca2+ pumps. Under conditions of anoxic aglycemia, there was a biphasic and more profound elevation of [Ca2+]i, which was associated with complete ER Ca2+ store emptying and progressive, and eventually complete, inhibition of Ca2+ clearance by PMCA and SERCA. These data clearly show that loss of oxygen, and exhaustion of glycolytic substrates, can profoundly affect many aspects of cell Ca2+ regulation, and this may play an important role in modulating neuronal responses to ischemia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael Henrich
- Department of Physiology, Anatomy and Genetics, Oxford, United Kingdom
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21
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Fuchs A, Rigaud M, Hogan QH. Painful nerve injury shortens the intracellular Ca2+ signal in axotomized sensory neurons of rats. Anesthesiology 2007; 107:106-16. [PMID: 17585222 PMCID: PMC3735132 DOI: 10.1097/01.anes.0000267538.72900.68] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Neuropathic pain is inadequately treated and poorly understood at the cellular level. Because intracellular Ca signaling critically regulates diverse neuronal functions, the authors examined effects of peripheral nerve injury on the Ca transient that follows neuronal activation. METHODS Cytoplasmic Ca levels were recorded by digital microfluorometry from dissociated dorsal root ganglion neurons of hyperalgesic animals after ligation of the fifth lumbar spinal nerve and control animals. Neurons were activated by field stimulation or by K depolarization. RESULTS Transients in presumptively nociceptive, small, capsaicin-sensitive neurons were diminished after axotomy, whereas transient amplitude increased in axotomized nonnociceptive neurons. Axotomy diminished the upward shift in resting calcium after transient recovery. In contrast, nociceptive neurons adjacent to axotomy acquired increased duration of the transient and greater baseline shift after K activation. Transients of nonnociceptive neurons adjacent to axotomy showed no changes after injury. In nociceptive neurons from injured rats that did not develop hyperalgesia, transient amplitude and baseline offset were large after axotomy, whereas transient duration in the adjacent neurons was shorter compared with neurons excised from hyperalgesic animals, which show normalization of these features. CONCLUSIONS A diminished Ca signal in axotomized neurons may be in part due to loss of Ca influx through voltage-gated Ca channels. The upward shift in resting Ca level after activation, which is diminished after axotomy in presumed nociceptive neurons, is a previously unrecognized aspect of neuronal plasticity. These changes in the critical Ca signal may mediate various injury-related abnormalities in Ca-dependent neuronal.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andreas Fuchs
- Department of Anesthesiology, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, Wisconsin 53226, USA
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22
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Kang SH, Carl A, McHugh JM, Goff HR, Kenyon JL. Roles of mitochondria and temperature in the control of intracellular calcium in adult rat sensory neurons. Cell Calcium 2007; 43:388-404. [PMID: 17716728 PMCID: PMC2409216 DOI: 10.1016/j.ceca.2007.07.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2007] [Revised: 07/08/2007] [Accepted: 07/15/2007] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
We recorded Ca2+ current and intracellular Ca2+ ([Ca2+](i)) in isolated adult rat dorsal root ganglion (DRG) neurons at 20 and 30 degrees C. In neurons bathed in tetraethylammonium and dialyzed with cesium, warming reduced resting [Ca2+](i) from 87 to 49 nM and the time constant of the decay of [Ca2+](i) transients (tau(r)) from 1.3 to 0.99s (Q(10)=1.4). The Buffer Index, the ratio between Ca2+ influx and Delta[Ca2+](i) (f I(ca)d(t)/Delta[Ca2+]i) , increased two- to threefold with warming. Neither inhibition of the plasma membrane Ca2+ -ATPase by intracellular sodium orthovanadate nor inhibition of Ca2+ uptake by the endoplasmic reticulum by thapsigargin plus ryanodine were necessary for the effects of warming on these parameters. In contrast, inhibition of the mitochondrial Ca2+ uniporter by intracellular ruthenium red largely reversed the effects of warming. Carbonyl cyanide 4-(trifluoromethoxy) phenylhydrazone (FCCP, 500 nM) increased resting [Ca2+](i) at 30 degrees C. Ten millimolar intracellular sodium prolonged the recovery of [Ca2+](i) transients to 10-40s. This effect was reversed by an inhibitor of mitochondrial Na(+)/Ca2+ -exchange (CGP 37157, 10 microM). Thus, mitochondrial Ca2+ uptake is necessary for the temperature-dependent increase in Ca2+ buffering and mitochondrial Ca2+ fluxes contribute to the control of [Ca2+](i) between 50 and 150 nM at 30 degrees C.
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Affiliation(s)
- S H Kang
- Department of Physiology & Cell Biology/MS 352, University of Nevada School of Medicine, Reno, NV 89557, USA
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23
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Abstract
The electrophysiological properties of peripheral neurons activated by noxious stimuli, the primary afferent nociceptors, have been investigated intensively, and our knowledge about the molecular basis of transducers for noxious stimuli has increased greatly. In contrast, understanding of the intracellular signaling mechanisms regulating nociceptor sensitization downstream of ligand binding to the receptors is still at a relatively nascent stage. After outlining the initiated signaling cascades, we discuss the emerging plasticity within these cascades and the importance of subcellular compartmentalization. In addition, the recently realized importance of functional interactions with the extracellular matrix, cytoskeleton, intracellular organelles such as mitochondria, and sex hormones will be introduced. This burgeoning literature establishes new cellular features crucial for the function of nociceptive neurons and argues that additional focus should be placed on understanding the complex integration of cellular events that make up the "cell biology of pain."
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Affiliation(s)
- Tim Hucho
- Max Planck Institute for Molecular Genetics, 14195 Berlin, Germany.
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24
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25
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Gover TD, Moreira THV, Kao JPY, Weinreich D. Calcium regulation in individual peripheral sensory nerve terminals of the rat. J Physiol 2007; 578:481-90. [PMID: 17095566 PMCID: PMC2075145 DOI: 10.1113/jphysiol.2006.119008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Revised: 08/10/2006] [Accepted: 11/06/2006] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
Ca2+ is vital for release of neurotransmitters and trophic factors from peripheral sensory nerve terminals (PSNTs), yet Ca2+ regulation in PSNTs remains unexplored. To elucidate the Ca2+ regulatory mechanisms in PSNTs, we determined the effects of a panel of pharmacological agents on electrically evoked Ca2+ transients in rat corneal nerve terminals (CNTs) in vitro that had been loaded with the fluorescent Ca2+ indicator, Oregon Green 488 BAPTA-1 dextran or fura-2 dextran in vivo. Inhibition of the sarco(endo)plasmic reticulum Ca2+-ATPase, disruption of mitochondrial Ca2+ uptake, or inhibition of the Na+-Ca2+ exchanger did not measurably alter the amplitude or decay kinetics of the electrically evoked Ca2+ transients in CNTs. By contrast, inhibition of the plasma membrane Ca2+-ATPase (PMCA) by increasing the pH slowed the decay of the Ca2+ transient by 2-fold. Surprisingly, the energy for ion transport across the plasma membrane of CNTs is predominantly from glycolysis rather than mitochondrial respiration, as evidenced by the observation that Ca2+ transients were suppressed by iodoacetate but unaffected by mitochondrial inhibitors. These observations indicate that, following electrical activity, the PMCA is the predominant mechanism of Ca2+ clearance from the cytosol of CNTs and glycolysis is the predominant source of energy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tony D Gover
- The Neuroscience Program, University of Maryland, Baltimore, MD 21201-1559, USA
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26
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Lu SG, Zhang X, Gold MS. Intracellular calcium regulation among subpopulations of rat dorsal root ganglion neurons. J Physiol 2006; 577:169-90. [PMID: 16945973 PMCID: PMC2000672 DOI: 10.1113/jphysiol.2006.116418] [Citation(s) in RCA: 85] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2006] [Accepted: 08/24/2006] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
Primary afferent neurons are functionally heterogeneous. To determine whether this functional heterogeneity reflects, in part, heterogeneity in the regulation of the concentration of intracellular Ca(2+) ([Ca(2+)](i)), the magnitude and decay of evoked Ca(2+) transients were assessed in subpopulations of dorsal root ganglion (DRG) neurons with voltage clamp and fura-2 ratiometric imaging. To determine whether differences in evoked Ca(2+) transients among subpopulations of DRG neurons reflected differences in the contribution of Ca(2+) regulatory mechanisms, pharmacological techniques were employed to assess the contribution of influx, efflux, release and uptake pathways. Subpopulations of DRG neurons were defined by cell body size, binding of the plant lectin IB(4) and responsiveness to the algogenic compound capsaicin (CAP). Ca(2+) transients were evoked with 30 mm K(+) or voltage steps to 0 mV. There were marked differences between subpopulations of neurons with respect to both the magnitude and decay of the Ca(2+) transient, with the largest and most slowly decaying Ca(2+) transients in small-diameter, IB(4)-positive, CAP-responsive neurons. The smallest and most rapidly decaying transients were in large-diameter, IB(4)-negative and CAP-unresponsive DRG neurons. These differences were not due to a differential distribution of voltage-gated Ca(2+) currents. However, these differences did appear to reflect a differential contribution of other influx, efflux, release and uptake mechanisms between subpopulations of neurons. These results suggest that electrical activity in subpopulations of DRG neurons will have a differential influence on Ca(2+)-regulated phenomena such as spike adaptation, transmitter release and gene transcription. Significantly more activity should be required in large-diameter non-nociceptive afferents than in small-diameter nociceptive afferents to have a comparable influence on these processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shao-Gang Lu
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Maryland Dental School, 666 West Baltimore Street, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA
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27
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Gover TD, Moreira THV, Kao JPY, Weinreich D. Calcium homeostasis in trigeminal ganglion cell bodies. Cell Calcium 2006; 41:389-96. [PMID: 17046058 DOI: 10.1016/j.ceca.2006.08.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2006] [Revised: 08/17/2006] [Accepted: 08/20/2006] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
In primary sensory afferent neurons, Ca2+ plays a vital role in the regulation of cellular processes including receptor and synaptic plasticity, neurotransmitter and trophic factor release and gene regulation. Current understanding of the mechanisms underlying Ca2+ homeostasis of primary sensory afferent neurons is mostly derived from studies on dorsal root ganglia and nodose ganglia neuron cell bodies. Little is known about Ca2+ homeostasis in trigeminal ganglion neurons (TGNs). To determine what cellular processes contribute to electrically-evoked Ca2+ transients in TGNs, we probed Ca2+ regulatory mechanisms in TGN cell bodies from the ophthalmic division with a panel of pharmacological reagents. Ca2+ transients were evoked in fura-2 loaded TGNs by depolarizing the plasma membrane with brief (500 ms) puffs of 50 mM KCl. Cyclopiazonic acid (CPA; 5 microM), an inhibitor of the sarco/endoplasmic reticulum Ca2+-ATPase (SERCA), significantly decreased the peak amplitude, and slowed the decay, of the KCl-evoked Ca2+ transients in TGNs. The mitochondrial protonophore, carbonyl cyanide 3-chloro-phenylhydrazone (CCCP; 5 microM) significantly increased the peak amplitude of KCl-evoked Ca2+ transients. These data demonstrate that Ca2+ stores do play a major role in Ca2+ homeostasis in TGN cell bodies. To determine the role of the sodium-calcium exchanger (NCX) in KCl-evoked Ca2+ transients in TGNs, we inhibited the exchanger with KB-R7943 (10 microM), or by replacing Na+ with Li+. NCX inhibition did not affect either the peak amplitude or the decay kinetics of the KCl-evoked Ca2+ transients. Therefore, the NCX does not play a significant role in removing cytosolic Ca2+ from TGNs. To test whether the plasma membrane calcium-ATPase (PMCA) contributes to Ca2+ extrusion, we inhibited its activity by a shift to alkaline pH (9.0). At pH 9.0, both the peak amplitude and decay time of the KCl-evoked Ca2+ transient were increased significantly. These data suggest that, in TGNs, the PMCA is the major mechanism for removing cytosolic Ca2+ following electrical activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tony D Gover
- The Neuroscience Program, University of Maryland, School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21201-1559, United States
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28
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Tahara M, Omatsu-Kanbe M, Sanada M, Maeda K, Koya D, Matsuura H, Kashiwagi A, Yasuda H. Effect of protein kinase C?? inhibitor on Ca2+ homeostasis in diabetic sensory neurons. Neuroreport 2006; 17:683-8. [PMID: 16603936 DOI: 10.1097/00001756-200604240-00026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
To elucidate the direct effect of selective protein kinase Cbeta inhibitor LY333531 on diabetic sensory neurons, we examined intracellular Ca(2+) concentration in isolated rat dorsal root ganglion neurons using the fluorescent Ca(2+) indicator fura-2. The duration of calcium transients induced by high (50 mM) extracellular K in small diabetic dorsal root ganglion neurons was significantly prolonged compared with that in control neurons. This prolonged intracellular Ca concentration elevation in diabetic neurons was normalized rapidly and reversibly by LY333531 in a dose-dependent manner, and the effect of LY333531 was completely abolished by pretreating the neurons with mitochondrial calcium uniporter inhibitor, Ruthenium 360. These results suggest that LY333531 has an ameliorating effect on calcium homeostasis of diabetic sensory neurons via mitochondrial calcium buffering.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masayuki Tahara
- Division of Neurology, Department of Internal Medicine, Shiga University of Medical Science, Otsu, Shiga, Japan
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29
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Joseph EK, Levine JD. Mitochondrial electron transport in models of neuropathic and inflammatory pain. Pain 2006; 121:105-14. [PMID: 16472913 DOI: 10.1016/j.pain.2005.12.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 76] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2005] [Revised: 11/29/2005] [Accepted: 12/06/2005] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
Although peripheral nerve function is strongly dependent on energy stores, the role of the mitochondrial electron transport chain, which drives ATP synthesis, in peripheral pain mechanisms, has not been examined. In models of HIV/AIDS therapy (dideoxycytidine), cancer chemotherapy (vincristine), and diabetes (streptozotocin)-induced neuropathy, inhibitors of mitochondrial electron transport chain complexes I, II, III, IV, and V significantly attenuated neuropathic pain-related behavior in rats. While inhibitors of all five complexes also attenuated tumor necrosis factor alpha-induced hyperalgesia, they had no effect on hyperalgesia induced by prostaglandin E2 and epinephrine. Two competitive inhibitors of ATP-dependent mechanisms, adenosine 5'-(beta,gamma-imido) triphosphate and P1,P4-di(adenosine-5') tetraphosphate, attenuated dideoxycytidine, vincristine, and streptozotocin-induced hyperalgesia. Neither of these inhibitors, however, affected tumor necrosis factor alpha, prostaglandin E2 or epinephrine hyperalgesia. These experiments demonstrate a role of the mitochondrial electron transport chain in neuropathic and some forms of inflammatory pain. The contribution of the mitochondrial electron transport chain in neuropathic pain is ATP dependent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elizabeth K Joseph
- Department of Medicine, Division of Neuroscience and Biomedical Sciences Program, University of California at San Francisco, 521 Parnassus Ave, Box # 0440/C522, San Francisco, CA 94143-0440, USA
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Murchison D, Zawieja DC, Griffith WH. Reduced mitochondrial buffering of voltage-gated calcium influx in aged rat basal forebrain neurons. Cell Calcium 2004; 36:61-75. [PMID: 15126057 DOI: 10.1016/j.ceca.2003.11.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2003] [Revised: 10/12/2003] [Accepted: 11/12/2003] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
Alterations of neuronal Ca(2+) homeostatic mechanisms could be responsible for many of the cognitive deficits associated with aging in mammals. Mitochondrial participation in Ca(2+) signaling is now recognized as a prominent feature in neuronal physiology. We combined voltage-clamp electrophysiology with Ca(2+)-sensitive ratiometric microfluorimetry and laser scanning confocal microscopy to investigate the participation in Ca(2+) buffering of in situ mitochondria in acutely dissociated basal forebrain neurons from young and aged F344 rats. By pharmacologically blocking mitochondrial Ca(2+) uptake, we determined that mitochondria were not involved in rapid buffering of small Ca(2+) influx through voltage-gated Ca(2+) channels (VGCCs) in the somatic compartment. For larger Ca(2+) influx, aged mitochondria showed a significant buffering deficit. Evidence obtained with the potentiometric indicator, JC-1, suggests a significantly reduced mitochondrial membrane potential in aged neurons. These results support the interpretation that there is a fundamental difference in the way young and aged neurons buffer Ca(2+), and a corresponding difference in the quality of the Ca(2+) signal experienced by young and aged neurons for different intensities of cytoplasmic Ca(2+) influx.
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Affiliation(s)
- David Murchison
- Department of Medical Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Medicine, Texas A&M University System Health Science Center, College Station, TX 77843-1114, USA
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Kostyuk EP, Kostyuk PG, Stepanova IV. Intracellular mechanisms participating in the formation of neuronal calcium signals. NEUROPHYSIOLOGY+ 2004. [DOI: 10.1007/s11062-005-0030-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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