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Chandel J, Naura AS. Dynamics of Inflammatory and Pathological Changes Induced by Single Exposure of Particulate Matter (PM 2.5) in Mice: Potential Implications in COPD. Cell Biochem Biophys 2024:10.1007/s12013-024-01433-3. [PMID: 39031246 DOI: 10.1007/s12013-024-01433-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/11/2024] [Indexed: 07/22/2024]
Abstract
Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) is a progressive disorder of lungs marked by chronic bronchitis and emphysema. Particulate matter (PM2.5), a major component of air pollution has been correlated with COPD incidence. The present work aimed to understand dynamics of cellular/molecular players behind PM2.5-mediated COPD pathogenesis in mice by conducting dose and time-course studies. Single intratracheal exposure of PM2.5 at a dose of either 100 or 200 μg induced inflammatory response in lungs at 4 days. Time course studies showed that inflammation once triggered by PM2.5 is progressive in nature as reflected by data on BALF inflammatory cells at 7/14 days. Similarly, various cytokines/chemokines (KC/IL-6/TNF-α/IL-1β/G-CSF/MCP-1) peak at either 7 or 14 days. However, inflammation declined sharply at 21 days. Data on LPO/GSH and activities of SOD/Catalase show induction of continuous oxidative stress in lung tissue. Next, enhanced mtROS in the CD11b+ inflammatory cells confirms the redox imbalance in neutrophils/macrophages. A continuous decline in lung function was observed till 28 days. Further, histological analysis of lung tissues at 28 days confirmed the presence of emphysematous lesions, validating the potency of PM2.5 to cause irreversible damage to lungs through complex interplay of various cellular/molecular players which may be exploited as potential preventive/therapeutic targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jitender Chandel
- Department of Biochemistry, Panjab University, Chandigarh, India
| | - Amarjit S Naura
- Department of Biochemistry, Panjab University, Chandigarh, India.
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2
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Sai X, Qin C, Zhang Z, Yu H, Bian T. A miRNA-21-Mediated PTEN/Akt/NF-κB Axis Promotes Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease Pathogenesis. Int J Chron Obstruct Pulmon Dis 2024; 19:1141-1151. [PMID: 38817823 PMCID: PMC11137736 DOI: 10.2147/copd.s453593] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2023] [Accepted: 05/20/2024] [Indexed: 06/01/2024] Open
Abstract
Background This study sought to explore the underlying mechanism of miR-21 mediated apoptosis and inflammation in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) induced by cigarette smoke (CS). Methods We detected levels and PTEN/Akt/NF-κB axis protein levels in peripheral lung tissues of COPD patients and CS-exposed mice and HBE cells. Western blotting assay was used to determine the expression of cleaved caspase-3. IL-6 and IL-8 protein was detected in cell supernatant from cells by ELISA. HBE cells were transfected with a miR-21 inhibitor, and co-culture with A549. Results Increased miR-21 expression, reduced PTEN expression and following activation of Akt in in peripheral lung tissues of COPD patients and CS-exposed mice and HBE cells. Inhibition of miR-21 showed enhanced PTEN levels and reduced the expression of phosphorylated form of Akt and NF-κB. Decreased expression of cleaved caspase-3, IL-6 and IL-8 in A549 cells co cultured with HBE cells transfected with miR-21 inhibitor compared with transfected with miR-21 control inhibitor. Conclusion MiR-21 contributes to COPD pathogenesis by modulating apoptosis and inflammation through the PTEN/Akt/NF-κB pathway. Targeting miR-21 may increase PTEN expression and inhibit Akt/NF-κB pathway, offering potential diagnostic and therapeutic value in COPD management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoyan Sai
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Wuxi People’s Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing Medical University, Wuxi People’s Hospital, Wuxi Medical Center, Nanjing Medical University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, 214000, People’s Republic of China
| | - Chu Qin
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Wuxi People’s Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing Medical University, Wuxi People’s Hospital, Wuxi Medical Center, Nanjing Medical University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, 214000, People’s Republic of China
| | - Zixiao Zhang
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Wuxi People’s Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing Medical University, Wuxi People’s Hospital, Wuxi Medical Center, Nanjing Medical University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, 214000, People’s Republic of China
| | - Haoda Yu
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Wuxi People’s Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing Medical University, Wuxi People’s Hospital, Wuxi Medical Center, Nanjing Medical University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, 214000, People’s Republic of China
| | - Tao Bian
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Wuxi People’s Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing Medical University, Wuxi People’s Hospital, Wuxi Medical Center, Nanjing Medical University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, 214000, People’s Republic of China
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3
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Faiz A, Wiersma VR, Salzbrunn JB, Brandsma CA, Timens W, Burgess JK, van den Berge M, Slebos DJ, Guryev V, Pouwels SD. COPD Patients Display Increased Peripheral Blood Somatic Mutations Which Associate With the Prevalence of Co-morbidities. Arch Bronconeumol 2024; 60:119-121. [PMID: 38212182 DOI: 10.1016/j.arbres.2023.12.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2023] [Revised: 12/14/2023] [Accepted: 12/23/2023] [Indexed: 01/13/2024]
Affiliation(s)
- Alen Faiz
- Respiratory Bioinformatics and Molecular Biology Group, University of Technology Sydney, Australia; GRIAC Research Institute, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands; Department of Pulmonary Diseases, University Medical Center Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Valerie R Wiersma
- Department of Hematology, Cancer Research Center Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Jonas B Salzbrunn
- Department of Hematology, Cancer Research Center Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Corry-Anke Brandsma
- GRIAC Research Institute, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands; Department of Pathology and Medical Biology, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Wim Timens
- GRIAC Research Institute, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands; Department of Pathology and Medical Biology, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Janette K Burgess
- GRIAC Research Institute, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands; Department of Pathology and Medical Biology, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Maarten van den Berge
- GRIAC Research Institute, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands; Department of Pulmonary Diseases, University Medical Center Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Dirk-Jan Slebos
- GRIAC Research Institute, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands; Department of Pulmonary Diseases, University Medical Center Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Victor Guryev
- European Research Institute for the Biology of Ageing, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Simon D Pouwels
- GRIAC Research Institute, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands; Department of Pulmonary Diseases, University Medical Center Groningen, The Netherlands; Department of Pathology and Medical Biology, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands.
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4
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Yun JH, Khan MAW, Ghosh A, Hobbs BD, Castaldi PJ, Hersh CP, Miller PG, Cool CD, Sciurba F, Barwick L, Limper AH, Flaherty K, Criner GJ, Brown K, Wise R, Martinez F, Silverman EK, DeMeo D, Cho MH, Bick AG. Clonal Somatic Mutations in Chronic Lung Diseases Are Associated with Reduced Lung Function. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 2023; 208:1196-1205. [PMID: 37788444 PMCID: PMC10868367 DOI: 10.1164/rccm.202303-0395oc] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2023] [Accepted: 10/03/2023] [Indexed: 10/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Rationale: Constantly exposed to the external environment and mutagens such as tobacco smoke, human lungs have one of the highest somatic mutation rates among all human organs. However, the relationship of these mutations to lung disease and function is not known. Objectives: To identify the prevalence and significance of clonal somatic mutations in chronic lung diseases. Methods: We analyzed the clonal somatic mutations from 1,251 samples of normal and diseased noncancerous lung tissue RNA sequencing with paired whole-genome sequencing from the Lung Tissue Research Consortium. We examined the associations of somatic mutations with lung function, disease status, and computationally deconvoluted cell types in two of the most common diseases represented in our dataset, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD; 29%) and idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF; 13%). Measurements and Main Results: Clonal somatic mutational burden was associated with reduced lung function in both COPD and IPF. We identified an increased prevalence of clonal somatic mutations in individuals with IPF compared with normal control subjects and individuals with COPD independent of age and smoking status. IPF clonal somatic mutations were enriched in disease-related and airway epithelial-expressed genes such as MUC5B in IPF. Patients who were MUC5B risk variant carriers had increased odds of developing somatic mutations of MUC5B that were explained by increased expression of MUC5B. Conclusions: Our identification of an increased prevalence of clonal somatic mutation in diseased lung that correlates with airway epithelial gene expression and disease severity highlights for the first time the role of somatic mutational processes in lung disease genetics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeong H. Yun
- Channing Division of Network Medicine and
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - M. A. Wasay Khan
- Division of Genetic Medicine, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee
| | - Auyon Ghosh
- Pulmonary Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, New York
| | - Brian D. Hobbs
- Channing Division of Network Medicine and
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Peter J. Castaldi
- Channing Division of Network Medicine and
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Craig P. Hersh
- Channing Division of Network Medicine and
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Peter G. Miller
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
- Center for Cancer Research, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Carlyne D. Cool
- Division of Pathology, Department of Medicine, University of Colorado, Aurora, Colorado
| | - Frank Sciurba
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy and Critical Care Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | | | - Andrew H. Limper
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota
| | - Kevin Flaherty
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, University of Michigan Health System, Ann Arbor, Michigan
| | - Gerard J. Criner
- Thoracic Medicine and Surgery, Lewis Katz School of Medicine at Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Kevin Brown
- Department of Medicine, National Jewish Health, Denver, Colorado
| | - Robert Wise
- Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland; and
| | - Fernando Martinez
- Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, New York
| | - Edwin K. Silverman
- Channing Division of Network Medicine and
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Dawn DeMeo
- Channing Division of Network Medicine and
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - NHLBI Trans-Omics for Precision Medicine (TOPMed) Consortium
- Channing Division of Network Medicine and
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
- Division of Genetic Medicine, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee
- Pulmonary Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, New York
- Center for Cancer Research, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts
- Division of Pathology, Department of Medicine, University of Colorado, Aurora, Colorado
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy and Critical Care Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
- Emmes, Frederick, Maryland
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, University of Michigan Health System, Ann Arbor, Michigan
- Thoracic Medicine and Surgery, Lewis Katz School of Medicine at Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
- Department of Medicine, National Jewish Health, Denver, Colorado
- Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland; and
- Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, New York
| | - Michael H. Cho
- Channing Division of Network Medicine and
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Alexander G. Bick
- Division of Genetic Medicine, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee
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5
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The Prognostic Role of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease for Lung Cancer After Pulmonary Resection. J Surg Res 2022; 275:137-148. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jss.2022.01.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2021] [Revised: 01/10/2022] [Accepted: 01/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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PTEN: An Emerging Potential Target for Therapeutic Intervention in Respiratory Diseases. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2022; 2022:4512503. [PMID: 35814272 PMCID: PMC9262564 DOI: 10.1155/2022/4512503] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2021] [Revised: 04/22/2022] [Accepted: 05/19/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Phosphatase and tensin homolog deleted on chromosome 10 (PTEN) is a potent tumor suppressor that regulates several key cellular processes, including proliferation, survival, genomic integrity, migration, and invasion, via PI3K-dependent and independent mechanisms. A subtle decrease in PTEN levels or catalytic activity is implicated not only in cancer but also in a wide spectrum of other diseases, including various respiratory diseases. A systemic overview of the advances in the molecular and cellular mechanisms of PTEN involved in the initiation and progression of respiratory diseases may offer novel targets for the development of effective therapeutics for the treatment of respiratory diseases. In the present review, we highlight the novel findings emerging from current research on the role of PTEN expression and regulation in airway pathological conditions such as asthma/allergic airway inflammation, pulmonary hypertension (PAH), chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF), and other acute lung injuries (ALI). Moreover, we discuss the clinical implications of PTEN alteration and recently suggested therapeutic possibilities for restoration of PTEN expression and function in respiratory diseases.
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Single-cell analysis of somatic mutations in human bronchial epithelial cells in relation to aging and smoking. Nat Genet 2022; 54:492-498. [PMID: 35410377 PMCID: PMC9844147 DOI: 10.1038/s41588-022-01035-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2021] [Accepted: 02/16/2022] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
Although lung cancer risk among smokers is dependent on smoking dose, it remains unknown if this increased risk reflects an increased rate of somatic mutation accumulation in normal lung cells. Here, we applied single-cell whole-genome sequencing of proximal bronchial basal cells from 33 participants aged between 11 and 86 years with smoking histories varying from never-smoking to 116 pack-years. We found an increase in the frequency of single-nucleotide variants and small insertions and deletions with chronological age in never-smokers, with mutation frequencies significantly elevated among smokers. When plotted against smoking pack-years, mutations followed the linear increase in cancer risk until about 23 pack-years, after which no further increase in mutation frequency was observed, pointing toward individual selection for mutation avoidance. Known lung cancer-defined mutation signatures tracked with both age and smoking. No significant enrichment for somatic mutations in lung cancer driver genes was observed.
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8
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Chronic Inflammation as the Underlying Mechanism of the Development of Lung Diseases in Psoriasis: A Systematic Review. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23031767. [PMID: 35163689 PMCID: PMC8836589 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23031767] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2022] [Revised: 01/30/2022] [Accepted: 02/02/2022] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Psoriasis is a systemic inflammatory disease caused by dysfunctional interactions between the innate and adaptive immune responses. The systemic inflammation in psoriasis may be associated with the development of comorbidities, including lung diseases. In this review, we aimed to provide a summary of the evidence regarding the prevalence of lung diseases in patients with psoriasis and the potential underlying mechanisms. Twenty-three articles published between March 2010 and June 2021 were selected from 195 initially identified records. The findings are discussed in terms of the prevalence of asthma, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, interstitial lung disease, obstructive sleep apnea, pulmonary hypertension, and sarcoidosis in psoriasis. A higher prevalence of lung diseases in psoriasis has been confirmed in asthma, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, obstructive sleep apnea, and pulmonary hypertension. These conditions are important as they are previously unrecognized causes of morbidity and mortality in psoriasis. The development of lung diseases in patients with psoriasis can be explained by several mechanisms, including common risk factors, shared immune and molecular characteristics associated with chronic inflammation, as well as other mechanisms. Understanding the prevalence of lung diseases in psoriasis and their underlying mechanisms can help implement appropriate preventative and therapeutic strategies to address respiratory diseases in patients with psoriasis.
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9
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Vijg J. From DNA damage to mutations: All roads lead to aging. Ageing Res Rev 2021; 68:101316. [PMID: 33711511 PMCID: PMC10018438 DOI: 10.1016/j.arr.2021.101316] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2020] [Revised: 02/26/2021] [Accepted: 03/03/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Damage to the repository of genetic information in cells has plagued life since its very beginning 3-4 billion years ago. Initially, in the absence of an ozone layer, especially damage from solar UV radiation must have been frequent, with other sources, most notably endogenous sources related to cell metabolism, gaining in importance over time. To cope with this high frequency of damage to the increasingly long DNA molecules that came to encode the growing complexity of cellular functions in cells, DNA repair evolved as one of the earliest genetic traits. Then as now, errors during the repair of DNA damage generated mutations, which provide the substrate for evolution by natural selection. With the emergence of multicellular organisms also the soma became a target of DNA damage and mutations. In somatic cells selection against the adverse effects of DNA damage is greatly diminished, especially in postmitotic cells after the age of first reproduction. Based on an abundance of evidence, DNA damage is now considered as the single most important driver of the degenerative processes that collectively cause aging. Here I will first briefly review the evidence for DNA damage as a cause of aging since the beginning of life. Then, after discussing the possible direct adverse effects of DNA damage and its cellular responses, I will provide an overview of the considerable progress that has recently been made in analyzing a major consequence of DNA damage in humans and other complex organisms: somatic mutations and the resulting genome mosaicism. Recent advances in studying somatic mutagenesis and genome mosaicism in different human and animal tissues will be discussed with a focus on the possible mechanisms through which loss of DNA sequence integrity could cause age-related functional decline and disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jan Vijg
- Department of Genetics, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA; Center for Single-Cell Omics, School of Public Health, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.
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Vijg J, Dong X. Pathogenic Mechanisms of Somatic Mutation and Genome Mosaicism in Aging. Cell 2021; 182:12-23. [PMID: 32649873 DOI: 10.1016/j.cell.2020.06.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 94] [Impact Index Per Article: 31.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2020] [Revised: 06/03/2020] [Accepted: 06/11/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Age-related accumulation of postzygotic DNA mutations results in tissue genetic heterogeneity known as somatic mosaicism. Although implicated in aging as early as the 1950s, somatic mutations in normal tissue have been difficult to study because of their low allele fractions. With the recent emergence of cost-effective high-throughput sequencing down to the single-cell level, enormous progress has been made in our capability to quantitatively analyze somatic mutations in human tissue in relation to aging and disease. Here we first review how recent technological progress has opened up this field, providing the first broad sets of quantitative information on somatic mutations in vivo necessary to gain insight into their possible causal role in human aging and disease. We then propose three major mechanisms that can lead from accumulated de novo mutations across tissues to cell functional loss and human disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jan Vijg
- Department of Genetics, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, New York, NY 10461, USA; Center for Single-Cell Omics, School of Public Health, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, China.
| | - Xiao Dong
- Department of Genetics, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, New York, NY 10461, USA
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11
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Lin DQ, Zhu JG, Xu XH, Xiao K, Wen XQ, Zheng QF, Zhou YH, Cai XY. Chronic Progression of Lung Cancer Recurrence After Surgery: Warning Role of Postoperative Pneumonia. Cancer Manag Res 2021; 13:7387-7398. [PMID: 34602824 PMCID: PMC8481098 DOI: 10.2147/cmar.s327646] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2021] [Accepted: 09/11/2021] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE The association between the process of postoperative pneumonia and lung cancer recurrence remains elusive in lung cancer surgery. Herein, the association between postoperative pneumonia and lung cancer recurrence was investigated, emphasizing the warning role of postoperative specific pneumonia in primary lung cancer resection patients. METHODS The occurrence of postoperative pneumonia was assessed in 4-6 months (PPFS), 7-12 months (PPST), and lung cancer recurrence within 1 year (LRO) in 332 patients. The primary outcome was the development of PPST and LRO according to PPFS occurrence. The relevant risk factors of PPFS, PPST, and LRO were identified through multivariable regression analysis. RESULTS During follow-up, 151 (45.48%) participants experienced PPFS. Irrespective of the existing postoperative pneumonia in 1-3 months (PPOT), PPFS significantly increased the risk of PPST (P < 0.01) and LRO (P < 0.01), and persistent PPST further increased the risk of LRO (P < 0.001). The generalized estimating equation identified chemotherapy as an independent risk factor for PPFS and PPST. CONCLUSION PPFS was associated with the increased risk of PPST and LRO. Postoperative pulmonary inflammation assessed 4 months post-surgery also significantly influenced LRO development, indicating a need for close follow-up of lung inflammatory conditions to improve patient outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dong-qi Lin
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, Guangdong, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jin-guo Zhu
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, Guangdong, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xiao-hua Xu
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, Guangdong, People’s Republic of China
| | - Ke Xiao
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, Guangdong, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xu-qing Wen
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, Guangdong, People’s Republic of China
| | - Qi-fa Zheng
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, Guangdong, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yu-hua Zhou
- Nursing Department, Shantou Central Hospital, Shantou, Guangdong, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xin-ying Cai
- Clinical Research Center, Shantou Central Hospital, Shantou, Guangdong, People’s Republic of China
- Correspondence: Xin-ying Cai Clinical Research Center, Shantou Central Hospital, Wai-ma Road 114, Shantou, Guangdong, People’s Republic of ChinaTel +86 754-88903584Fax +86 754-88548117 Email
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12
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Korfei M, MacKenzie B, Meiners S. The ageing lung under stress. Eur Respir Rev 2020; 29:29/156/200126. [DOI: 10.1183/16000617.0126-2020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2020] [Accepted: 06/22/2020] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Healthy ageing of the lung involves structural changes but also numerous cell-intrinsic and cell-extrinsic alterations. Among them are the age-related decline in central cellular quality control mechanisms such as redox and protein homeostasis. In this review, we would like to provide a conceptual framework of how impaired stress responses in the ageing lung, as exemplified by dysfunctional redox and protein homeostasis, may contribute to onset and progression of COPD and idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF). We propose that age-related imbalanced redox and protein homeostasis acts, amongst others (e.g.cellular senescence), as a “first hit” that challenges the adaptive stress-response pathways of the cell, increases the level of oxidative stress and renders the lung susceptible to subsequent injury and disease. In both COPD and IPF, additional environmental insults such as smoking, air pollution and/or infections then serve as “second hits” which contribute to persistently elevated oxidative stress that overwhelms the already weakened adaptive defence and repair pathways in the elderly towards non-adaptive, irremediable stress thereby promoting development and progression of respiratory diseases. COPD and IPF are thus distinct horns of the same devil, “lung ageing”.
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Thun GA, Derdak S, Castro-Giner F, Apunte-Ramos K, Águeda L, Wjst M, Boland A, Deleuze JF, Kolsum U, Heiss-Neumann MS, Nowinski A, Gorecka D, Hohlfeld JM, Welte T, Brightling CE, Parr DG, Prasse A, Müller-Quernheim J, Greulich T, Stendardo M, Boschetto P, Barta I, Döme B, Gut M, Singh D, Ziegler-Heitbrock L, Gut IG. High degree of polyclonality hinders somatic mutation calling in lung brush samples of COPD cases and controls. Sci Rep 2019; 9:20158. [PMID: 31882973 PMCID: PMC6934450 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-56618-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2019] [Accepted: 12/04/2019] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is induced by cigarette smoking and characterized by inflammation of airway tissue. Since smokers with COPD have a higher risk of developing lung cancer than those without, we hypothesized that they carry more mutations in affected tissue. We called somatic mutations in airway brush samples from medium-coverage whole genome sequencing data from healthy never and ex-smokers (n = 8), as well as from ex-smokers with variable degrees of COPD (n = 4). Owing to the limited concordance of resulting calls between the applied tools we built a consensus, a strategy that was validated with high accuracy for cancer data. However, consensus calls showed little promise of representing true positives due to low mappability of corresponding sequence reads and high overlap with positions harbouring known genetic polymorphisms. A targeted re-sequencing approach suggested that only few mutations would survive stringent verification testing and that our data did not allow the inference of any difference in the mutational load of bronchial brush samples between former smoking COPD cases and controls. High polyclonality in airway brush samples renders medium-depth sequencing insufficient to provide the resolution to detect somatic mutations. Deep sequencing data of airway biopsies are needed to tackle the question.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gian-Andri Thun
- CNAG-CRG, Centre for Genomic Regulation (CRG), Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology (BIST), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Sophia Derdak
- CNAG-CRG, Centre for Genomic Regulation (CRG), Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology (BIST), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Francesc Castro-Giner
- CNAG-CRG, Centre for Genomic Regulation (CRG), Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology (BIST), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Katherine Apunte-Ramos
- CNAG-CRG, Centre for Genomic Regulation (CRG), Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology (BIST), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Lidia Águeda
- CNAG-CRG, Centre for Genomic Regulation (CRG), Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology (BIST), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Matthias Wjst
- Helmholtz-Zentrum München, National Research Centre for Environmental Health, Institute of Lung Biology and Disease, Neuherberg, Germany
- Institute of Medical Statistics, Epidemiology and Medical Informatics, Technical University Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Anne Boland
- Centre National de Recherche en Génomique Humaine (CNRGH), Institut de Biologie François Jacob, CEA, Université Paris-Saclay, Evry, France
| | - Jean-François Deleuze
- Centre National de Recherche en Génomique Humaine (CNRGH), Institut de Biologie François Jacob, CEA, Université Paris-Saclay, Evry, France
| | - Umme Kolsum
- University of Manchester, Manchester University NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester, UK
| | | | - Adam Nowinski
- 2nd Department of Respiratory Medicine, National Institute of Tuberculosis and Lung Diseases, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Dorota Gorecka
- 2nd Department of Respiratory Medicine, National Institute of Tuberculosis and Lung Diseases, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Jens M Hohlfeld
- Fraunhofer Institute for Toxicology and Experimental Medicine, Member of the German Center of Lung Research, Hannover, Germany
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Hannover Medical School, Member of the German Center of Lung Research, Hannover, Germany
| | - Tobias Welte
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Hannover Medical School, Member of the German Center of Lung Research, Hannover, Germany
| | - Christopher E Brightling
- Department of Infection, Immunity and Inflammation, Institute for Lung Health, University of Leicester, Leicester, UK
| | - David G Parr
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, University Hospitals Coventry and Warwickshire NHS Trust, Coventry, UK
| | - Antje Prasse
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Hannover Medical School, Member of the German Center of Lung Research, Hannover, Germany
- Department of Pneumology, University Medical Center, Freiburg, Germany
| | | | - Timm Greulich
- Department of Medicine, Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, University Medical Center Giessen and Marburg, Philipps-University, Marburg, Germany
| | - Mariarita Stendardo
- Department of Medical Sciences, University of Ferrara and University-Hospital of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Piera Boschetto
- Department of Medical Sciences, University of Ferrara and University-Hospital of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Imre Barta
- Department of Pathophysiology, National Koranyi Institute for Pulmonology, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Balázs Döme
- Department of Tumorbiology, National Koranyi Institute for Pulmonology, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Marta Gut
- CNAG-CRG, Centre for Genomic Regulation (CRG), Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology (BIST), Barcelona, Spain
- Universitat Pompeu Fabra, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Dave Singh
- University of Manchester, Manchester University NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester, UK
| | | | - Ivo G Gut
- CNAG-CRG, Centre for Genomic Regulation (CRG), Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology (BIST), Barcelona, Spain.
- Universitat Pompeu Fabra, Barcelona, Spain.
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14
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Parris BA, O'Farrell HE, Fong KM, Yang IA. Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and lung cancer: common pathways for pathogenesis. J Thorac Dis 2019; 11:S2155-S2172. [PMID: 31737343 DOI: 10.21037/jtd.2019.10.54] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and lung cancer comprise the leading causes of lung disease-related mortality worldwide. Exposure to tobacco smoke is a mutual aetiology underlying the two diseases, accounting for almost 90% of cases. There is accumulating evidence supporting the role of immune dysfunction, the lung microbiome, extracellular vesicles and underlying genetic susceptibility in the development of COPD and lung cancer. Further, epigenetic factors, involving DNA methylation and microRNA expression, have been implicated in both diseases. Chronic inflammation is a key feature of COPD and could be a potential driver of lung cancer development. Using next generation technologies, further studies investigating the genomics, epigenetics and gene-environment interaction in key molecular pathways will continue to elucidate the pathogenic mechanisms underlying the development of COPD and lung cancer, and contribute to the development of novel diagnostic and prognostic tools for early intervention and personalised therapeutic strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brielle A Parris
- UQ Thoracic Research Centre, The Prince Charles Hospital, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Hannah E O'Farrell
- UQ Thoracic Research Centre, The Prince Charles Hospital, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Kwun M Fong
- UQ Thoracic Research Centre, The Prince Charles Hospital, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia.,Department of Thoracic Medicine, The Prince Charles Hospital, Metro North Hospital and Health Service, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Ian A Yang
- UQ Thoracic Research Centre, The Prince Charles Hospital, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia.,Department of Thoracic Medicine, The Prince Charles Hospital, Metro North Hospital and Health Service, Brisbane, Australia
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15
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Caramori G, Ruggeri P, Mumby S, Ieni A, Lo Bello F, Chimankar V, Donovan C, Andò F, Nucera F, Coppolino I, Tuccari G, Hansbro PM, Adcock IM. Molecular links between COPD and lung cancer: new targets for drug discovery? Expert Opin Ther Targets 2019; 23:539-553. [DOI: 10.1080/14728222.2019.1615884] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Gaetano Caramori
- Unità Operativa Complessa di Pneumologia, Dipartimento di Scienze Biomediche, Odontoiatriche e delle Immagini Morfologiche e Funzionali (BIOMORF), Università di Messina, Messina, Italy
| | - Paolo Ruggeri
- Unità Operativa Complessa di Pneumologia, Dipartimento di Scienze Biomediche, Odontoiatriche e delle Immagini Morfologiche e Funzionali (BIOMORF), Università di Messina, Messina, Italy
| | - Sharon Mumby
- Airway Disease Section, National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College, London, UK
| | - Antonio Ieni
- Department of Human Pathology in Adult and Developmental Age “Gaetano Barresi”, Section of Anatomic Pathology, University of Messina, Messina, Italy
| | - Federica Lo Bello
- Unità Operativa Complessa di Pneumologia, Dipartimento di Scienze Biomediche, Odontoiatriche e delle Immagini Morfologiche e Funzionali (BIOMORF), Università di Messina, Messina, Italy
| | - Vrushali Chimankar
- Priority Research Centre for Healthy Lungs, Hunter Medical Research Institute and The University of Newcastle, Newcastle, Australia
| | - Chantal Donovan
- Priority Research Centre for Healthy Lungs, Hunter Medical Research Institute and The University of Newcastle, Newcastle, Australia
| | - Filippo Andò
- Unità Operativa Complessa di Pneumologia, Dipartimento di Scienze Biomediche, Odontoiatriche e delle Immagini Morfologiche e Funzionali (BIOMORF), Università di Messina, Messina, Italy
| | - Francesco Nucera
- Unità Operativa Complessa di Pneumologia, Dipartimento di Scienze Biomediche, Odontoiatriche e delle Immagini Morfologiche e Funzionali (BIOMORF), Università di Messina, Messina, Italy
| | - Irene Coppolino
- Unità Operativa Complessa di Pneumologia, Dipartimento di Scienze Biomediche, Odontoiatriche e delle Immagini Morfologiche e Funzionali (BIOMORF), Università di Messina, Messina, Italy
| | - Giovanni Tuccari
- Department of Human Pathology in Adult and Developmental Age “Gaetano Barresi”, Section of Anatomic Pathology, University of Messina, Messina, Italy
| | - Philip M. Hansbro
- Priority Research Centre for Healthy Lungs, Hunter Medical Research Institute and The University of Newcastle, Newcastle, Australia
- Faculty of Science, Ultimo, and Centenary Institute, Centre for Inflammation, University of Technology Sydney, Sydney, Australia
| | - Ian M. Adcock
- Airway Disease Section, National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College, London, UK
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16
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Kim DY, Kim WJ, Kim JH, Hong SH, Choi SS. Identification of Putative Regulatory Alterations Leading to Changes in Gene Expression in Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease. Mol Cells 2019; 42:333-344. [PMID: 31085807 PMCID: PMC6530641 DOI: 10.14348/molcells.2019.2442] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2018] [Revised: 01/23/2019] [Accepted: 02/12/2019] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Various genetic and environmental factors are known to be associated with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). We identified COPD-related differentially expressed genes (DEGs) using 189 samples accompanying either adenocarcinoma (AC) or squamous cell carcinoma (SC), comprising 91 normal and 98 COPD samples. DEGs were obtained from the intersection of two DEG sets separately identified for AC and SC to exclude the influence of different cancer backgrounds co-occurring with COPD. We also measured patient samples named group 'I', which were unable to be determined as normal or COPD based on alterations in gene expression. The Gene Ontology (GO) analysis revealed significant alterations in the expression of genes categorized with the 'cell adhesion', 'inflammatory response', and 'mitochondrial functions', i.e., well-known functions related to COPD, in samples from patients with COPD. Multi-omics data were subsequently integrated to decipher the upstream regulatory changes linked to the gene expression alterations in COPD. COPD-associated expression quantitative trait loci (eQTLs) were located at the upstream regulatory regions of 96 DEGs. Additionally, 45 previously identified COPD-related miRNAs were predicted to target 66 of the DEGs. The eQTLs and miRNAs might affect the expression of 'respiratory electron transport chain' genes and 'cell proliferation' genes, respectively, while both eQTLs and miRNAs might affect the expression of 'apoptosis' genes. We think that our present study will contribute to our understanding of the molecular etiology of COPD accompanying lung cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dong-Yeop Kim
- Division of Biomedical Convergence, College of Biomedical Science, Institute of Bioscience & Biotechnology, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon 24341,
Korea
| | - Woo Jin Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon 24341,
Korea
| | - Jung-Hyun Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon 24341,
Korea
| | - Seok-Ho Hong
- Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon 24341,
Korea
| | - Sun Shim Choi
- Division of Biomedical Convergence, College of Biomedical Science, Institute of Bioscience & Biotechnology, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon 24341,
Korea
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17
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Lin H, Lu Y, Lin L, Meng K, Fan J. Does chronic obstructive pulmonary disease relate to poor prognosis in patients with lung cancer?: A meta-analysis. Medicine (Baltimore) 2019; 98:e14837. [PMID: 30882673 PMCID: PMC6426564 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000014837] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Nowadays, there is growing recognition that chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) may have influence on lung cancer. However, coexisted COPD related to prognosis of lung cancer is still elusive. We conducted this meta-analysis to examine the association between COPD and 5-year overall survival (OS) and postoperative pulmonary complications of patients with lung cancer. METHODS A comprehensive computer-based online search was conducted using PubMed, Embase, Medline, and the Cochrane Library for articles published before September 30, 2017. We identified 29 eligible studies, which included 70,111 patients in the related literature. RESULTS Twenty-two of the 29 studies provided hazard ratio for OS (1.18, 95% confidence interval: 1.11-1.25; P < .001), it suggested that the presence of COPD indicated poor survival for the patients with lung cancer. In subgroup analysis, the relationship between COPD and OS occurrence remained statistically prominent in the subgroups stratified by study designs, COPD diagnosis timing, lung cancer surgery, cancer stage, and origins of patients. The presence of COPD increased the risk of bronchopleural fistula, pneumonia, prolonged air leakage, and prolonged mechanical ventilation. CONCLUSIONS The present meta-analysis suggested that coexisting COPD is associated with poor survival outcomes in patients with lung cancer and higher rates of postoperative pulmonary complications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hefeng Lin
- The Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine
- School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yunlong Lu
- School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Liya Lin
- School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Ke Meng
- School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Junqiang Fan
- The Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine
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18
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Wang W, Dou S, Dong W, Xie M, Cui L, Zheng C, Xiao W. Impact of COPD on prognosis of lung cancer: from a perspective on disease heterogeneity. Int J Chron Obstruct Pulmon Dis 2018; 13:3767-3776. [PMID: 30538439 PMCID: PMC6251360 DOI: 10.2147/copd.s168048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Background COPD is an important comorbidity of lung cancer, but the impact of COPD on the outcomes of lung cancer remains uncertain. Because both COPD and lung cancer are heterogeneous diseases, we evaluated the link between COPD phenotypes and the prognosis of different histological subtypes of lung cancer. Methods In this retrospective study, subjects with a newly and pathologically confirmed diagnosis of lung cancer were enrolled from patients preparing for lung cancer surgery. All participants underwent pulmonary function test (PFT). The diagnosis of COPD was based on GOLD criteria. Lung cancer subtypes and COPD phenotypes were categorized by WHO classification of lung tumors and computer quantitative analysis of PFT. The HRs were estimated by Cox regression analysis. Results Among 2,222 lung cancer patients, 32.6% coexisted with COPD. After adjustment for age, sex, body mass index (BMI), smoking status, and therapy method, COPD was significantly associated with the decreased overall survival (OS) of lung cancer (HR 1.28, 95% CI 1.05-1.57). With the increased severity of COPD, the OS of lung cancer was gradually worsened (HR 1.23, 95% CI 1.08-1.39). But surgical treatment and high BMI were independent prognostic protective factors (HR 0.46, 95% CI 0.37-0.56; HR 0.96, 95% CI 0.94-0.99). Moreover, in terms of disease heterogeneity, emphysema-predominant phenotype of COPD was an independent prognostic risk factor for squamous carcinoma (HR 2.53, 95% CI 1.49-4.30). No significant relationship between COPD phenotype and lung cancer prognosis was observed among adenocarcinoma, small cell lung cancer, large cell lung cancer, and other subtype patients. Conclusion These findings suggest that COPD, especially emphysema-predominant phenotype, is an independent prognostic risk factor for squamous carcinoma only.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Wang
- Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Qilu Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, People's Republic of China, ,
| | - Shuang Dou
- Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Qilu Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, People's Republic of China, ,
| | - Wenyan Dong
- Department of Geriatric Medicine, The Second Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, People's Republic of China
| | - Mengshuang Xie
- Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Qilu Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, People's Republic of China, ,
| | - Liwei Cui
- Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Qilu Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, People's Republic of China, ,
| | - Chunyan Zheng
- Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Qilu Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, People's Republic of China, ,
| | - Wei Xiao
- Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Qilu Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, People's Republic of China, ,
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19
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Sauler M, Lamontagne M, Finnemore E, Herazo-Maya JD, Tedrow J, Zhang X, Morneau JE, Sciurba F, Timens W, Paré PD, Lee PJ, Kaminski N, Bossé Y, Gomez JL. The DNA repair transcriptome in severe COPD. Eur Respir J 2018; 52:13993003.01994-2017. [PMID: 30190272 DOI: 10.1183/13993003.01994-2017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2017] [Accepted: 07/25/2018] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Inadequate DNA repair is implicated in the pathogenesis of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). However, the mechanisms that underlie inadequate DNA repair in COPD are poorly understood. We applied an integrative genomic approach to identify DNA repair genes and pathways associated with COPD severity.We measured the transcriptomic changes of 419 genes involved in DNA repair and DNA damage tolerance that occur with severe COPD in three independent cohorts (n=1129). Differentially expressed genes were confirmed with RNA sequencing and used for patient clustering. Clinical and genome-wide transcriptomic differences were assessed following cluster identification. We complemented this analysis by performing gene set enrichment analysis, Z-score and weighted gene correlation network analysis to identify transcriptomic patterns of DNA repair pathways associated with clinical measurements of COPD severity.We found 15 genes involved in DNA repair and DNA damage tolerance to be differentially expressed in severe COPD. K-means clustering of COPD cases based on this 15-gene signature identified three patient clusters with significant differences in clinical characteristics and global transcriptomic profiles. Increasing COPD severity was associated with downregulation of the nucleotide excision repair pathway.Systematic analysis of the lung tissue transcriptome of individuals with severe COPD identified DNA repair responses associated with disease severity that may underlie COPD pathogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maor Sauler
- Dept of Medicine, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Maxime Lamontagne
- Centre de Recherche Institut Universitaire de Cardiologie et de Pneumologie de Québec, Laval University, Quebec, QC, Canada
| | - Eric Finnemore
- Dept of Medicine, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | | | - John Tedrow
- Dept of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Xuchen Zhang
- Dept of Pathology, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Julia E Morneau
- Dept of Medicine, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Frank Sciurba
- Dept of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Wim Timens
- Dept of Pathology and Medical Biology, University Medical Center Groningen, GRIAC Research Institute, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Peter D Paré
- The University of British Columbia Centre for Heart Lung Innovation, St. Paul's Hospital, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Patty J Lee
- Dept of Medicine, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | | | - Yohan Bossé
- Centre de Recherche Institut Universitaire de Cardiologie et de Pneumologie de Québec, Laval University, Quebec, QC, Canada.,Dept of Molecular Medicine, Laval University, Quebec, QC, Canada
| | - Jose L Gomez
- Dept of Medicine, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
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20
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Khalifeh-Soltani A, Gupta D, Ha A, Podolsky MJ, Datta R, Atabai K. The Mfge8-α8β1-PTEN pathway regulates airway smooth muscle contraction in allergic inflammation. FASEB J 2018; 32:fj201800109R. [PMID: 29763381 DOI: 10.1096/fj.201800109r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
Asthma affects ∼300 million people worldwide. Despite multiple treatment options, asthma treatment remains unsatisfactory in a subset of patients. Airway obstruction is a hallmark of allergic asthma and is largely due to airway smooth muscle hypercontractility induced by airway inflammation. Identification of molecular pathways that regulate airway smooth muscle hypercontractility is of considerable therapeutic interest. We previously identified roles for milk fat globule epidermal growth factor-like 8 (Mfge8) in opposing the effects of allergic inflammation on increasing airway smooth muscle contractile force. In this study, we delineate the signaling pathway by which Mfge8 mediates these effects. By using genetic and pharmacologic approaches, we show that the α8β1 integrin and the phosphatase and tensin homolog (PTEN) mediate the effects of Mfge8 on preventing IL-13-induced increases in airway contractility. Tracheal rings from mice with smooth muscle-specific deletion of α8β1 or PTEN have enhanced contraction in response to treatment with IL-13. Enhanced IL-13-induced tracheal ring contraction in Mfge8-/- mice was abolished by treatment with the PI3K inhibitor. Mechanistically, IL-13 induces ubiquitination and degradation of PTEN protein. Our findings identify a role for the Mfge8-α8β1-PTEN pathway in regulating the force of airway smooth muscle contraction in the setting of allergic inflammation.-Khalifeh-Soltani, A., Gupta, D., Ha, A., Podolsky, M. J., Datta, R., Atabai, K. The Mfge8-α8β1-PTEN pathway regulates airway smooth muscle contraction in allergic inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amin Khalifeh-Soltani
- Cardiovascular Research Institute, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Deepti Gupta
- Cardiovascular Research Institute, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Arnold Ha
- Cardiovascular Research Institute, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Michael J Podolsky
- Cardiovascular Research Institute, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA
- Lung Biology Center, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA; and
- Department of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Ritwik Datta
- Cardiovascular Research Institute, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Kamran Atabai
- Cardiovascular Research Institute, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA
- Lung Biology Center, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA; and
- Department of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA
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21
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Saji H, Miyazawa T, Sakai H, Kimura Y, Tsuda M, Wakiyama Y, Marushima H, Kojima K, Nakamura H. Survival significance of coexisting chronic obstructive pulmonary disease in patients with early lung cancer after curative surgery. Thorac Cancer 2017; 9:19-24. [PMID: 28976075 PMCID: PMC5754300 DOI: 10.1111/1759-7714.12507] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2017] [Revised: 08/11/2017] [Accepted: 08/11/2017] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The impact of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) severity on survival after curative resection of early‐stage lung cancer (NSCLC) has not been sufficiently elucidated. Methods We retrospectively reviewed 250 consecutive patients who underwent lobectomy with lymph nodal dissection for pathological stage I–II NSCLC. Results Among the COPD patients, 28 were classified as Global Initiative for Chronic Obstructive Lung Disease (GOLD) 1, 21 as GOLD 2, and one as GOLD 3. The cumulative overall survival (OS) of the non‐COPD, GOLD 1, and GOLD 2–3 groups at five years was 90.7%, 85.7%, and 55.3%, respectively, (P < 0.0001), while recurrence‐free survival (RFS) between the groups at five years was 84.7%, 80.7%, and 72.9%, respectively. Although RFS in the GOLD 2–3 group tended to indicate a poor prognosis, there was no statistical difference between the groups (P = 0.385). In multivariate analysis, age ≥75 years, pN1, and GOLD 2–3 COPD were independent factors for a poor prognosis (P = 0.034, P = 0.010, and P = 0.030, respectively). Conclusions Our results indicate that early stage NSCLC patients with COPD had a significantly increased risk of poorer OS and potentially an increased risk of poor RFS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hisashi Saji
- Department of Chest Surgery, St. Marianna University School of Medicine, Kawasaki, Japan.,Department of Thoracic Surgery, Tokyo Medical University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Tomoyuki Miyazawa
- Department of Chest Surgery, St. Marianna University School of Medicine, Kawasaki, Japan
| | - Hiroki Sakai
- Department of Chest Surgery, St. Marianna University School of Medicine, Kawasaki, Japan
| | - Yusuke Kimura
- Department of Chest Surgery, St. Marianna University School of Medicine, Kawasaki, Japan
| | - Masataka Tsuda
- Department of Chest Surgery, St. Marianna University School of Medicine, Kawasaki, Japan
| | - Yoichi Wakiyama
- Department of Chest Surgery, St. Marianna University School of Medicine, Kawasaki, Japan
| | - Hideki Marushima
- Department of Chest Surgery, St. Marianna University School of Medicine, Kawasaki, Japan
| | - Koji Kojima
- Department of Chest Surgery, St. Marianna University School of Medicine, Kawasaki, Japan
| | - Haruhiko Nakamura
- Department of Chest Surgery, St. Marianna University School of Medicine, Kawasaki, Japan
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22
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Héliot A, Landkocz Y, Roy Saint-Georges F, Gosset P, Billet S, Shirali P, Courcot D, Martin PJ. Smoker extracellular vesicles influence status of human bronchial epithelial cells. Int J Hyg Environ Health 2016; 220:445-454. [PMID: 28063900 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijheh.2016.12.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2016] [Revised: 12/09/2016] [Accepted: 12/23/2016] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Cigarette smoking is a habit that has spread all over the world and is a significant risk factor for many diseases including cardiovascular disease, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), asthma and lung cancer. Evaluation and understanding of tobacco health effects are of major interest worldwide and answer to important societal concerns. Identification of new biomarkers of exposure to tobacco smoke potentially implicated in COPD or lung carcinogenesis would allow a better observation of tobacco exposed population, thanks to screening establishment at reversible stages of pathological processes. In this study, we questioned whether cigarette smoking alters miRNA profiles of Extracellular Vesicles (EVs) present in human Broncho Alveolar Lavages (BALs), which could affect surrounding normal bronchial epithelial cells status. To this aim, BALs were carried out on 10 Smokers and 10 Non-Smokers, and EVs were isolated from the supernatants and characterized. We then compared the amount of 10 microRNAs (miRNAs) present in Smokers versus Non-Smokers BAL EVs and performed statistical analysis to discuss the biological significance by the smoking status and to evaluate BAL EV miRNAs as potential biomarkers of tobacco exposure. Finally, we tested the effects of smokers versus non-smokers EVs on human bronchial epithelial cells (BEAS-2B) to compare their influence on the cells status. Our study shows for the first time in human samples that smoking can alter lung EV profile that can influence surrounding bronchial epithelial cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amélie Héliot
- Unité de Chimie Environnementale et Interactions sur le Vivant (UCEIV), EA4492, Université du Littoral Côte d'Opale (ULCO), Dunkerque, France.
| | - Yann Landkocz
- Unité de Chimie Environnementale et Interactions sur le Vivant (UCEIV), EA4492, Université du Littoral Côte d'Opale (ULCO), Dunkerque, France.
| | | | - Pierre Gosset
- Anatomo-pathology service, Groupement des Hôpitaux de l'Institut Catholique de Lille, Lille, France.
| | - Sylvain Billet
- Unité de Chimie Environnementale et Interactions sur le Vivant (UCEIV), EA4492, Université du Littoral Côte d'Opale (ULCO), Dunkerque, France.
| | - Pirouz Shirali
- Unité de Chimie Environnementale et Interactions sur le Vivant (UCEIV), EA4492, Université du Littoral Côte d'Opale (ULCO), Dunkerque, France.
| | - Dominique Courcot
- Unité de Chimie Environnementale et Interactions sur le Vivant (UCEIV), EA4492, Université du Littoral Côte d'Opale (ULCO), Dunkerque, France.
| | - Perrine J Martin
- Unité de Chimie Environnementale et Interactions sur le Vivant (UCEIV), EA4492, Université du Littoral Côte d'Opale (ULCO), Dunkerque, France.
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23
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Abstract
In recent years, thousands of publications on chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and its related biology have entered the world literature, reflecting the increasing scientific and medical interest in this devastating condition. This article is a selective review of several important emerging themes that offer the hope of creating new classes of COPD medicines. Whereas basic science is parsing molecular pathways in COPD, its comorbidities, and asthma COPD overlap syndrome (ACOS) with unprecedented sophistication, clinical translation is disappointingly slow. The article therefore also considers solutions to current difficulties that are impeding progress in translating insights from basic science into clinically useful treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gary P Anderson
- Lung Health Research Centre, Faculty of Medicine, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia; Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia
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24
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Bozinovski S, Vlahos R, Anthony D, McQualter J, Anderson G, Irving L, Steinfort D. COPD and squamous cell lung cancer: aberrant inflammation and immunity is the common link. Br J Pharmacol 2016; 173:635-48. [PMID: 26013585 PMCID: PMC4742298 DOI: 10.1111/bph.13198] [Citation(s) in RCA: 79] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2015] [Revised: 04/30/2015] [Accepted: 05/14/2015] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Cigarette smoking has reached epidemic proportions within many regions of the world and remains the highest risk factor for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and lung cancer. Squamous cell lung cancer is commonly detected in heavy smokers, where the risk of developing lung cancer is not solely defined by tobacco consumption. Although therapies that target common driver mutations in adenocarcinomas are showing some promise, they are proving ineffective in smoking-related squamous cell lung cancer. Since COPD is characterized by an excessive inflammatory and oxidative stress response, this review details how aberrant innate, adaptive and systemic inflammatory processes can contribute to lung cancer susceptibility in COPD. Activated leukocytes release increasing levels of proteases and free radicals as COPD progresses and tertiary lymphoid aggregates accumulate with increasing severity. Reactive oxygen species promote formation of reactive carbonyls that are not only tumourigenic through initiating DNA damage, but can directly alter the function of regulatory proteins involved in host immunity and tumour suppressor functions. Systemic inflammation is also markedly increased during infective exacerbations in COPD and the interplay between tumour-promoting serum amyloid A (SAA) and IL-17A is discussed. SAA is also an endogenous allosteric modifier of FPR2 expressed on immune and epithelial cells, and the therapeutic potential of targeting this receptor is proposed as a novel strategy for COPD-lung cancer overlap.
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Affiliation(s)
- Steven Bozinovski
- School of Health Sciences and Health Innovations Research Institute, RMIT University, Melbourne, Vic., Australia
- Lung Health Research Centre, Department of Pharmacology & Therapeutics, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Vic., Australia
| | - Ross Vlahos
- School of Health Sciences and Health Innovations Research Institute, RMIT University, Melbourne, Vic., Australia
- Lung Health Research Centre, Department of Pharmacology & Therapeutics, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Vic., Australia
| | - Desiree Anthony
- Lung Health Research Centre, Department of Pharmacology & Therapeutics, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Vic., Australia
| | - Jonathan McQualter
- Lung Health Research Centre, Department of Pharmacology & Therapeutics, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Vic., Australia
| | - Gary Anderson
- Lung Health Research Centre, Department of Pharmacology & Therapeutics, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Vic., Australia
| | - Louis Irving
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, The Royal Melbourne Hospital, Parkville, Vic., Australia
| | - Daniel Steinfort
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, The Royal Melbourne Hospital, Parkville, Vic., Australia
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Vucic EA, Chari R, Thu KL, Wilson IM, Cotton AM, Kennett JY, Zhang M, Lonergan KM, Steiling K, Brown CJ, McWilliams A, Ohtani K, Lenburg ME, Sin DD, Spira A, MacAulay CE, Lam S, Lam WL. DNA methylation is globally disrupted and associated with expression changes in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease small airways. Am J Respir Cell Mol Biol 2014; 50:912-22. [PMID: 24298892 PMCID: PMC4068945 DOI: 10.1165/rcmb.2013-0304oc] [Citation(s) in RCA: 96] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2013] [Accepted: 12/03/2013] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
DNA methylation is an epigenetic modification that is highly disrupted in response to cigarette smoke and involved in a wide spectrum of malignant and nonmalignant diseases, but surprisingly not previously assessed in small airways of patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Small airways are the primary sites of airflow obstruction in COPD. We sought to determine whether DNA methylation patterns are disrupted in small airway epithelia of patients with COPD, and evaluate whether changes in gene expression are associated with these disruptions. Genome-wide methylation and gene expression analysis were performed on small airway epithelial DNA and RNA obtained from the same patient during bronchoscopy, using Illumina's Infinium HM27 and Affymetrix's Genechip Human Gene 1.0 ST arrays. To control for known effects of cigarette smoking on DNA methylation, methylation and gene expression profiles were compared between former smokers with and without COPD matched for age, pack-years, and years of smoking cessation. Our results indicate that aberrant DNA methylation is (1) a genome-wide phenomenon in small airways of patients with COPD, and (2) associated with altered expression of genes and pathways important to COPD, such as the NF-E2-related factor 2 oxidative response pathway. DNA methylation is likely an important mechanism contributing to modulation of genes important to COPD pathology. Because these methylation events may underlie disease-specific gene expression changes, their characterization is a critical first step toward the development of epigenetic markers and an opportunity for developing novel epigenetic therapeutic interventions for COPD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emily A. Vucic
- Department of Integrative Oncology, British Columbia Cancer Research Centre, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Raj Chari
- Department of Genetics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Kelsie L. Thu
- Department of Integrative Oncology, British Columbia Cancer Research Centre, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Ian M. Wilson
- Department of Integrative Oncology, British Columbia Cancer Research Centre, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Allison M. Cotton
- Department of Medical Genetics, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Jennifer Y. Kennett
- Department of Integrative Oncology, British Columbia Cancer Research Centre, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - May Zhang
- Department of Integrative Oncology, British Columbia Cancer Research Centre, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Kim M. Lonergan
- Department of Integrative Oncology, British Columbia Cancer Research Centre, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Katrina Steiling
- Division of Computational Biomedicine, Department of Medicine, Boston University Medical Center, Boston, Massachusetts; and
| | - Carolyn J. Brown
- Department of Medical Genetics, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Annette McWilliams
- Department of Integrative Oncology, British Columbia Cancer Research Centre, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Keishi Ohtani
- Department of Integrative Oncology, British Columbia Cancer Research Centre, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Marc E. Lenburg
- Division of Computational Biomedicine, Department of Medicine, Boston University Medical Center, Boston, Massachusetts; and
| | - Don D. Sin
- University of British Columbia James Hogg Research Centre and the Institute of Heart and Lung Health, St. Paul’s Hospital, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Avrum Spira
- Division of Computational Biomedicine, Department of Medicine, Boston University Medical Center, Boston, Massachusetts; and
| | - Calum E. MacAulay
- Department of Integrative Oncology, British Columbia Cancer Research Centre, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Stephen Lam
- Department of Integrative Oncology, British Columbia Cancer Research Centre, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Wan L. Lam
- Department of Integrative Oncology, British Columbia Cancer Research Centre, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
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Evaluation of matrix metalloproteinase-2 in lung cancer. Proteomics Clin Appl 2014; 8:251-7. [DOI: 10.1002/prca.201300086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2013] [Revised: 10/08/2013] [Accepted: 10/22/2013] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
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28
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Zhai R, Yu X, Shafer A, Wain JC, Christiani DC. The impact of coexisting COPD on survival of patients with early-stage non-small cell lung cancer undergoing surgical resection. Chest 2014; 145:346-353. [PMID: 24008835 PMCID: PMC3913301 DOI: 10.1378/chest.13-1176] [Citation(s) in RCA: 101] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2013] [Accepted: 08/06/2013] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND COPD is a recognized risk factor for lung cancer, but studies of coexisting COPD in relation to lung cancer outcomes are limited. We assessed the impact of COPD on overall survival (OS) and progression-free survival (PFS) in patients with early-stage non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). METHODS Patients (N = 902) with early-stage (stage IA-IIB) NSCLC treated with surgical resection were retrospectively analyzed. The association of self-reported, physician-diagnosed COPD with survivals of NSCLC was assessed using the log-rank and Cox regression models, adjusting for age, sex, BMI, smoking, stages, and performance status. RESULTS Among this cohort of patients with NSCLC, 330 cases had physician-diagnosed COPD, and 572 did not have COPD. The 5-year OS in patients with COPD (54.4%) was significantly lower (P = .0002) than that in patients without COPD (69.0%). The 5-year PFS rates for patients with COPD and without COPD were 50.1% and 60.6%, respectively (P = .007). Compared with patients without COPD, patients with COPD had increased risk of worse OS (adjusted hazard ratio [HRadj] = 1.41, P = .002) and PFS (HRadj = 1.67, P = .003). The associations between COPD and worse survival outcomes were stronger in men and in squamous cell carcinoma (SCC). CONCLUSIONS Coexisting COPD is associated with worse survival outcomes in patients with early-stage NSCLC, particularly for men and for SCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rihong Zhai
- Department of Environmental Health, Harvard School of Public Health
| | - Xiaojin Yu
- Department of Environmental Health, Harvard School of Public Health
| | - Andrea Shafer
- Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
| | - John C Wain
- Department of Surgery, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
| | - David C Christiani
- Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA.
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Raninga PV, Trapani GD, Tonissen KF. Cross Talk between Two Antioxidant Systems, Thioredoxin and DJ-1: Consequences for Cancer. Oncoscience 2014; 1:95-110. [PMID: 25593990 PMCID: PMC4295760 DOI: 10.18632/oncoscience.12] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2013] [Accepted: 12/31/2013] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Oxidative stress, which is associated with an increased concentration of reactive oxygen species (ROS), is involved in the pathogenesis of numerous diseases including cancer. In response to increased ROS levels, cellular antioxidant molecules such as thioredoxin, peroxiredoxins, glutaredoxins, DJ-1, and superoxide dismutases are upregulated to counteract the detrimental effect of ROS. However, cancer cells take advantage of upregulated antioxidant molecules for protection against ROS-induced cell damage. This review focuses on two antioxidant systems, Thioredoxin and DJ-1, which are upregulated in many human cancer types, correlating with tumour proliferation, survival, and chemo-resistance. Thus, both of these antioxidant molecules serve as potential molecular targets to treat cancer. However, targeting one of these antioxidants alone may not be an effective anti-cancer therapy. Both of these antioxidant molecules are interlinked and act on similar downstream targets such as NF-κβ, PTEN, and Nrf2 to exert cytoprotection. Inhibiting either thioredoxin or DJ-1 alone may allow the other antioxidant to activate downstream signalling cascades leading to tumour cell survival and proliferation. Targeting both thioredoxin and DJ-1 in conjunction may completely shut down the antioxidant defence system regulated by these molecules. This review focuses on the cross-talk between thioredoxin and DJ-1 and highlights the importance and consequences of targeting thioredoxin and DJ-1 together to develop an effective anti-cancer therapeutic strategy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Prahlad V. Raninga
- School of Biomolecular and Physical Sciences, Griffith University, Nathan, Qld, Australia
- Eskitis Institute for Drug Discovery, Griffith University, Nathan, Qld, Australia
| | - Giovanna Di Trapani
- School of Biomolecular and Physical Sciences, Griffith University, Nathan, Qld, Australia
| | - Kathryn F. Tonissen
- School of Biomolecular and Physical Sciences, Griffith University, Nathan, Qld, Australia
- Eskitis Institute for Drug Discovery, Griffith University, Nathan, Qld, Australia
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Sargurupremraj M, Wjst M. Transposable elements and their potential role in complex lung disorder. Respir Res 2013; 14:99. [PMID: 24093510 PMCID: PMC3851442 DOI: 10.1186/1465-9921-14-99] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2013] [Accepted: 10/02/2013] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Transposable elements (TEs) are a class of mobile genetic elements (MGEs) that were long regarded as junk DNA, which make up approximately 45% of the genome. Although most of these elements are rendered inactive by mutations and other gene silencing mechanisms, TEs such as long interspersed nuclear elements (LINEs) are still active and translocate within the genome. During transposition, they may create lesions in the genome, thereby acting as epigenetic modifiers. Approximately 65 disease-causing LINE insertion events have been reported thus far; however, any possible role of TEs in complex disorders is not well established. Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is one such complex disease that is primarily caused by cigarette smoking. Although the exact molecular mechanism underlying COPD remains unclear, oxidative stress is thought to be the main factor in the pathogenesis of COPD. In this review, we explore the potential role of oxidative stress in epigenetic activation of TEs such as LINEs and the subsequent cascade of molecular damage. Recent advancements in sequencing and computation have eased the identification of mobile elements. Therefore, a comparative study on the activity of these elements and markers for genome instability would give more insight on the relationship between MGEs and complex disorder such as COPD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muralidharan Sargurupremraj
- Molecular genetics of lung diseases group, Comprehensive Pneumology Center (CPC), Institute of Lung Biology and Disease (ILBD), Helmholtz Zentrum München, GmbH, Ingolstadter, Landstrasse 1, D-85764, Neuherberg, Munich, Germany.
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31
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Vasilyeva I, Zinkin V. The value of low-molecular-weight DNA of blood plasma in the diagnostic of the patological processes of different genesis. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2013; 59:358-73. [DOI: 10.18097/pbmc20135903358] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
The low-molecular-weight DNA appears in blood plasma of irradiated rats, and its content correlates directly with the irradiation dose. Cloning has shown, that enrichment of low-molecular-weight DNA with G+C content and features of its nucleotide sequences point to its ability to form rather stable nucleosomes. DNA obtained after irradiation of rats with principally different doses 8 and 100 Gy differed not only quantitatively, but also by content of the dinucleotides CpG and CpT; this suggests their origin from different sites of genome. For the first time it has been shown that exposure to low-frequency noise results in an increase of the contents of blood plasma low-molecular-weight DNA. In stroke patients blood concentrations of this DNA increased 3 days after the beginning of the acute period, and dynamics of its excretion differs in ischemic and hemorrhagic forms; in the case of ischemia low-molecular-weight DNA appears in cerebrospinal fluid. The chronic obstructive pulmonary disease in the state of remission is characterized by the decline of the level of low-molecular-weight DNA in the blood plasma unlike in the case of the chronic nonobstructive bronchitis. The clear dependence between formation and special features of the low-molecular-weight DNA fraction in blood plasma makes it possible to consider the low-molecular fraction as an universal index of apoptosis, which allows to distinguish basically different conditions of the body.
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Affiliation(s)
- I.N. Vasilyeva
- St.-Petersburg Scientific Research Institute of Phthisiopulmonology
| | - V.N. Zinkin
- State Scientific Research Tested Institute of Military Medicine, DM RF
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32
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DNA damage due to oxidative stress in Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD). Int J Mol Sci 2012; 13:16853-64. [PMID: 23222732 PMCID: PMC3546726 DOI: 10.3390/ijms131216853] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2012] [Revised: 10/31/2012] [Accepted: 11/19/2012] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
According to the American Thorasic Society (ATS)/European Respiratory Society (ERS) Statement, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is defined as a preventable and treatable disease with a strong genetic component, characterized by airflow limitation that is not fully reversible, but is usually progressive and associated with an enhanced inflammatory response of the lung to noxious particles or gases. The main features of COPD are chronic inflammation of the airways and progressive destruction of lung parenchyma and alveolar structure. The pathogenesis of COPD is complex due to the interactions of several mechanisms, such as inflammation, proteolytic/antiproteolytic imbalance, oxidative stress, DNA damage, apoptosis, enhanced senescence of the structural cells and defective repair processes. This review focuses on the effects of oxidative DNA damage and the consequent immune responses in COPD. In susceptible individuals, cigarette smoke injures the airway epithelium generating the release of endogenous intracellular molecules or danger-associated molecular patterns from stressed or dying cells. These signals are captured by antigen presenting cells and are transferred to the lymphoid tissue, generating an adaptive immune response and enhancing chronic inflammation.
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Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is characterized by an abnormal persistent inflammatory response to noxious environmental stimuli, particularly cigarette smoke. The determinants of the dysregulated immune responses, which play a role both in the onset and continuation of COPD, are largely unknown. We examined several molecular mechanisms regulating the inflammatory pathway, such as cytokine polymorphisms, miRNA expression, and DNA methylation in COPD and aging, with the aim to provide evidence supporting the view that aging of the immune system may predispose to COPD. RECENT FINDINGS The incidence of COPD increases with age. The pathogenesis of the disease is linked to a chronic inflammation and involves the recruitment and regulation of innate and adaptive immune cells. A chronic systemic inflammation characterizes aging and has been correlated with many diseases, most of them age-related. SUMMARY COPD and aging are associated with significant dysregulation of the immune system that leads to a chronic inflammatory response. The similar molecular mechanisms and the common genetic signature shared by COPD and aging suggest that immunosenescence may contribute to the development of COPD.
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de Mello RA, Marques DS, Medeiros R, Araújo AM. Epidermal growth factor receptor and K-Ras in non-small cell lung cancer-molecular pathways involved and targeted therapies. World J Clin Oncol 2011; 2:367-76. [PMID: 22087435 PMCID: PMC3215775 DOI: 10.5306/wjco.v2.i11.367] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2011] [Revised: 10/10/2011] [Accepted: 10/17/2011] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Lung cancer is currently the leading cause of cancer death in Western nations. Non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) represents 80% of all lung cancers, and adenocarcinoma is the predominant histological type. Despite the intensive research carried out on this field and therapeutic advances, the overall prognosis of these patients remains unsatisfactory, with a 5-year overall survival rate of less than 15%. Nowadays, pharmacogenetics and pharmacogenomics represent the key to successful treatment. Recent studies suggest the existence of two distinct molecular pathways in the carcinogenesis of lung adenocarcinoma: one associated with smoking and activation of the K-Ras oncogene and the other not associated with smoking and activation of the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR). The K-ras mutation is mainly responsible for primary resistance to new molecules which inhibit tyrosine kinase EGFR (erlotinib and gefitinib) and most of the EGFR mutations are responsible for increased tumor sensitivity to these drugs. This article aims to conduct a systematic review of the literature regarding the molecular pathways involving the EGFR, K-Ras and EGFR targeted therapies in NSCLC tumor behavior.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ramon Andrade de Mello
- Ramon Andrade de Mello, Dânia Sofia Marques, Department of Medical Oncology, Portuguese Oncology Institute, Porto 4200-072, Portugal
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Reynolds PR, Kasteler SD, Schmitt RE, Hoidal JR. Receptor for advanced glycation end-products signals through Ras during tobacco smoke-induced pulmonary inflammation. Am J Respir Cell Mol Biol 2011; 45:411-8. [PMID: 21131443 DOI: 10.1165/rcmb.2010-0231oc] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
We previously demonstrated up-regulation of the receptor for advanced glycation end-products (RAGE) and its ligands by cigarette smoke extract (CSE) in rat R3/1 cells, a type I-like alveolar epithelial cell line. However, RAGE-mediated intracellular signaling pathways that lead to pulmonary inflammation remained unclear. Using ELISAs, we demonstrate that alveolar epithelial cell lines exposed to 25% CSE for 2 hours induce the activation of Ras, a small GTPase that functions as a molecular switch in the control of several intracellular signaling networks. Conversely, cells treated with siRNA for RAGE (siRAGE) resulted in decreased Ras activation. Furthermore, Ras was significantly diminished in lungs from RAGE null mice exposed to chronic tobacco smoke when compared with smoke-exposed wild-type mice. The use of a luciferase reporter containing NF-κB binding sites also demonstrated elevated NF-κB activation in R3/1 cells after CSE stimulation and decreased NF-κB activation in cells transfected with siRAGE before CSE exposure. ELISA revealed an increase in the secretion of IL-1β and CCL5 by R3/1 cells, two cytokines induced by NF-κB and associated with leukocyte chemotaxis. Furthermore, real-time RT-PCR and ELISAs revealed decreased cytokine secretion in RAGE null mouse lung exposed to tobacco smoke compared with lungs from smoke-exposed wild-type animals. These results support the conclusion that CSE-induced RAGE expression functions in pathways that involve Ras-mediated NF-κB activation and cytokine elaboration. This RAGE-Ras-NF-κB axis likely contributes to inflammation associated with several smoking-related inflammatory lung diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paul R Reynolds
- Department of Physiology and Developmental Biology, Brigham Young University, Provo, UT 84602, USA.
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Caramori G, Casolari P, Cavallesco GN, Giuffrè S, Adcock I, Papi A. Mechanisms involved in lung cancer development in COPD. Int J Biochem Cell Biol 2011; 43:1030-44. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biocel.2010.08.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2010] [Revised: 06/07/2010] [Accepted: 08/13/2010] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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Tzortzaki EG, Proklou A, Siafakas NM. Asthma in the Elderly: Can We Distinguish It from COPD? J Allergy (Cairo) 2011; 2011:843543. [PMID: 21785614 PMCID: PMC3138061 DOI: 10.1155/2011/843543] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2011] [Revised: 04/23/2011] [Accepted: 05/06/2011] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Asthma in older adults affects quality of life and results in a higher hospitalization rate and mortality. In common clinical practice, asthma in the elderly is underdiagnosed and undertreated or overdiagnosed and mistreated. The age-related reduction in perception of shortness of breath and the high incidence of comorbidities make the diagnosis and management more difficult and challenging for the physicians. Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is usually easy to distinguish from asthma, but sometimes the distinction from late-onset asthma in older patients, particularly in cigarette smokers, is difficult and may be impossible. Both diseases are characterized by the presence of airflow obstruction but have distinct pathogenesis, inflammatory pattern, and prognosis. The distinction between Asthma and COPD based simply on spirometric parameters is difficult especially in the elderly asthmatics. The combination of lung function testing, bronchial hyperresponsiveness (BHR) and atopy status, HRCT scans, and the newly developed biological techniques, allowing the assessment of biomarker profiles, could facilitate the distinction between these diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eleni G. Tzortzaki
- Department of Thoracic Medicine, University Hospital of Heraklion and Medical School, University of Crete, Heraklion 71110, Crete, Greece
| | - Athanasia Proklou
- Department of Thoracic Medicine, University Hospital of Heraklion and Medical School, University of Crete, Heraklion 71110, Crete, Greece
| | - Nikolaos M. Siafakas
- Department of Thoracic Medicine, University Hospital of Heraklion and Medical School, University of Crete, Heraklion 71110, Crete, Greece
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Adcock IM, Caramori G, Barnes PJ. Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and lung cancer: new molecular insights. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2011; 81:265-84. [PMID: 21430413 DOI: 10.1159/000324601] [Citation(s) in RCA: 167] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Both chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and lung cancer are major causes of death worldwide. In most cases this reflects cigarette smoke exposure which is able to induce an inflammatory response in the airways of smokers. Indeed, COPD is characterized by lower airway inflammation, and importantly, the presence of COPD is by far the greatest risk factor for lung cancer amongst smokers. Cigarette smoke induces the release of many inflammatory mediators and growth factors including TGF-β, EGFR, IL-1, IL-8 and G-CSF through oxidative stress pathways and this inflammation may persist for decades after smoking cessation. Mucus production is also increased by these inflammatory mediators, further linking airway inflammation to an important mechanism of lung cancer. A greater understanding of the molecular and cellular pathobiology that distinguishes smokers with lung cancer from smokers with and without COPD is needed to unravel the complex molecular interactions between COPD and lung cancer. By understanding the common signalling pathways involved in COPD and lung cancer the hope is that treatments will be developed that not only treat the underlying disease process in COPD, but also reduce the currently high risk of developing lung cancer in these patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ian M Adcock
- Airways Disease Section, National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, London, UK.
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Moghaddam SJ, Ochoa CE, Sethi S, Dickey BF. Nontypeable Haemophilus influenzae in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and lung cancer. Int J Chron Obstruct Pulmon Dis 2011; 6:113-23. [PMID: 21407824 PMCID: PMC3048087 DOI: 10.2147/copd.s15417] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is predicted to become the third leading cause of death in the world by 2020. It is characterized by airflow limitation that is not fully reversible. The airflow limitation is usually progressive and associated with an abnormal inflammatory response of the lungs to noxious particles and gases, most commonly cigarette smoke. Among smokers with COPD, even following withdrawal of cigarette smoke, inflammation persists and lung function continues to deteriorate. One possible explanation is that bacterial colonization of smoke-damaged airways, most commonly with nontypeable Haemophilus influenzae (NTHi), perpetuates airway injury and inflammation. Furthermore, COPD has also been identified as an independent risk factor for lung cancer irrespective of concomitant cigarette smoke exposure. In this article, we review the role of NTHi in airway inflammation that may lead to COPD progression and lung cancer promotion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seyed Javad Moghaddam
- Department of Pulmonary Medicine, the University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, 2121 W. Holcombe Boulevard, Houston, TX 77030, USA.
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Togo S, Sugiura H, Nelson A, Kobayashi T, Wang X, Kamio K, Kawasaki S, Bitterman P, Rennard SI, Liu X. Hepatic growth factor (HGF) inhibits cigarette smoke extract induced apoptosis in human bronchial epithelial cells. Exp Cell Res 2010; 316:3501-11. [PMID: 20850432 DOI: 10.1016/j.yexcr.2010.09.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2010] [Revised: 08/25/2010] [Accepted: 09/09/2010] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
Low concentrations of cigarette smoke induced DNA damage and repair without leading to apoptosis in human bronchial epithelial cells. Higher concentrations of cigarette smoke, however, could induce either apoptosis or necrosis. The current study demonstrated that 15% cigarette smoke extract (CSE) induced apoptosis as evidenced by DNA content profiling (17.8±2.1% vs 10.2±1.6% of control, p<0.05), LIVE/DEAD staining (60.2±2.1% viable cells in CSE-treated vs 86.5±2.3% in control cells, p<0.05), and COMET assay (24.3±0.6% of Apoptotic Index in the cells treated with CSE vs 4.7±0.6% of control, P<0.05). Hepatocyte growth factor (HGF) significantly blocked the cigarette smoke-induced apoptosis as shown by DNA profiling (10.8±1.5% of CSE+HGF, p<0.05), LIVE/DEAD staining (78.5±1.2% in CSE+HGF treated cells, p<0.05), and COMET assay (Apoptotic Index: 10.0±0.8% in CSE+HGF treated cells, P<0.05). This protective effect of HGF on CSE-induced apoptosis was abolished by PI3K inhibitors, wortmannin and LY294002, and by introduction of the dominant negative AKT into the cells. Furthermore, CSE plus HGF could induce phosphorylation of AKT Thr 308 and the pro-apoptotic protein, BAD. These results suggest that HGF modulates cell survival in response to cigarette smoke exposure through the PI3K/AKT signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shinsaku Togo
- Pulmonary, Critical Care, Sleep and Allergy Division, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198-5910, USA
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41
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Somatic DNA alterations in lung epithelial barrier cells in COPD patients. Pulm Pharmacol Ther 2010; 23:208-14. [DOI: 10.1016/j.pupt.2009.12.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2009] [Revised: 10/22/2009] [Accepted: 12/05/2009] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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42
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Kim SR, Lee YC. PTEN as a unique promising therapeutic target for occupational asthma. Immunopharmacol Immunotoxicol 2010; 30:793-814. [PMID: 18671162 DOI: 10.1080/08923970802285164] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
The tumor suppressor phosphatase and tensin homologue deleted on chromosome ten (PTEN) dephophorylates phosphatidylinositol 3,4,5-triphosphate (PIP3) and is a key negative regulator of phosphoinositide kinase-3 (PI3K) signaling pathway. PTEN also suppresses cellular motility through mechanisms that may be partially independent of phosphatase activity. PTEN is one of the most commonly lost tumor suppressors in human cancers, and its down-regulation is also implicated in several other diseases including airway inflammatory diseases. There is increasing evidence regarding the protective effects of PTEN on the bronchial asthma which is induced by complex signaling networks. Very recently, as for the occupational asthma (OA) with considerable controversy for its pathobiologic mechanisms, PTEN has been considered as a key molecule which is capable of protecting toluene diisocyanate (TDI)-induced asthma, suggesting that PTEN is located at switching point of various molecular signals in OA. Knowledge of the mechanisms of PTEN regulation/function could direct to the pharmacological manipulation of PTEN. This article reviews the latest knowledge and studies on the roles and mechanisms of PTEN in OA.
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Affiliation(s)
- So Ri Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, Airway Remodeling Laboratory, Chonbuk National University Medical School, Jeonju, South Korea
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43
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Behrens C, Feng L, Kadara HN, Kim HJ, Lee JJ, Mehran R, Ki Hong W, Lotan R, Wistuba II. Expression of interleukin-1 receptor-associated kinase-1 in non-small cell lung carcinoma and preneoplastic lesions. Clin Cancer Res 2010; 16:34-44. [PMID: 20028769 PMCID: PMC2811365 DOI: 10.1158/1078-0432.ccr-09-0650] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE To identify the pattern of interleukin-1 receptor-associated kinase (IRAK-1) protein expression in non-small cell lung carcinoma (NSCLC) and corresponding preneoplastic lesions. EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN Archived tissue from NSCLC (adenocarcinoma and squamous cell carcinoma; n = 306) and adjacent bronchial epithelial specimens (n = 315) were analyzed for the immunohistochemical expression of IRAK-1, and the findings were correlated with patients' clinicopathologic features. Furthermore, we investigated the correlation between IRAK-1 expression and expression of NF-kappaB and IL-1alpha in tumor specimens. RESULTS NSCLC tumors showed significantly higher cytoplasmic and lower nuclear IRAK-1 expression than normal epithelium. Squamous dysplasias had significantly higher cytoplasmic IRAK-1 expression than normal epithelium. In tumors, a significant positive correlation was detected between IRAK-1 expression (nuclear and cytoplasmic; P = 0.011) and IL-1alpha cytoplasmic expression (P < 0.0001). The correlation between the expression of the markers and patients' clinicopathologic features varied according to tumor histologic type and sex. High IRAK-1 cytoplasmic expression correlated with worse recurrence-free survival in women with NSCLC [hazard ratio (HR), 2.204; P = 0.033], but not in men. In adenocarcinoma, combined low level of expression of nuclear IRAK-1 and NF-kappaB correlated significantly with worse overall (HR, 2.485; P = 0.007) and recurrence-free (HR, 3.058; P = 0.006) survivals in stage I/II patients. CONCLUSIONS IRAK-1 is frequently expressed in NSCLC tissue specimens, and this expression is an early phenomenon in the sequential development of lung cancer. IRAK-1 is a novel inflammation-related marker and a potential target for lung cancer chemopreventive strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carmen Behrens
- Department of Thoracic/Head and Neck Medical Oncology, The University of Texas M. D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Lei Feng
- Department of Biostatistics and Applied Mathematics, The University of Texas M. D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Humam N. Kadara
- Department of Thoracic/Head and Neck Medical Oncology, The University of Texas M. D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Hyun-Jung Kim
- Department of Thoracic/Head and Neck Medical Oncology, The University of Texas M. D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - J. Jack Lee
- Department of Biostatistics and Applied Mathematics, The University of Texas M. D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Reza Mehran
- Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, The University of Texas M. D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Waun Ki Hong
- Department of Thoracic/Head and Neck Medical Oncology, The University of Texas M. D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Reuben Lotan
- Department of Thoracic/Head and Neck Medical Oncology, The University of Texas M. D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Ignacio I. Wistuba
- Department of Thoracic/Head and Neck Medical Oncology, The University of Texas M. D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
- Department of Pathology, The University of Texas M. D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
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Varani K, Caramori G, Vincenzi F, Tosi A, Barczyk A, Contoli M, Casolari P, Triggiani M, Hansel T, Leung E, Maclennan S, Barnes PJ, Chung KF, Adcock I, Papi A, Borea PA. Oxidative/nitrosative stress selectively altered A(2B) adenosine receptors in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. FASEB J 2009; 24:1192-204. [PMID: 20008542 DOI: 10.1096/fj.09-139485] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
The primary aim of this study was to investigate adenosine receptors (ARs) in bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) macrophages from patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and age-matched healthy smokers. A(2B)ARs were significantly decreased in BAL macrophages from patients with COPD when compared with healthy smokers. The effect of proinflammatory cytokines and oxidative/nitrosative stress on AR expression and function in U937 cells before and after PMA treatment was evaluated. IL-1beta and TNF-alpha treatment up-regulated A(2A)- and A(3)ARs but not A(1)- or A(2B)ARs, whereas IL-6 did not modify AR expression. In contrast, oxidative/nitrosative stress selectively decreased A(2B)AR expression, which was associated with a reduction in the potency of the adenosine agonist 5'-N-ethylcarboxamideadenosine (NECA) to induce cAMP. Further, the ability of NECA to enhance cell proliferation was increased after oxidative/nitrosative stress. The specific involvement of A(2B)ARs was investigated by using potent and selective A(2B)AR antagonist and by A(2B)AR knockdown using siRNA and demonstrated responses similar to those obtained with oxidative/nitrosative stress. N-acetylcysteine (NAC), an antioxidant agent, counteracted the decrease in A(2B)AR expression, as well as the altered NECA effects on cAMP and cell proliferation. These findings highlight the central role of A(2B)ARs in alveolar macrophages, suggesting that their modulation could represent an innovative pharmacological strategy to manage COPD.-Varani, K., Caramori, G., Vincenzi, F., Tosi, A., Barczyk, A., Contoli, M., Casolari, P., Triggiani, M., Hansel, T., Leung, E., MacLennan, S., Barnes, P. J., Fan Chung, K., Adcock, I., Papi, A., Borea, P. A. Oxidative/nitrosative stress selectively altered A(2B) adenosine receptors in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katia Varani
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Pharmacology Unit, University of Ferrara, via Fossato di Mortara 17-19, 44100 Ferrara, Italy
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Cho JG, Woo JS, Lee HM, Jung HH, Hwang SJ, Chae S. Effects of cigarette smoking on mucin production in human middle ear epithelial cells. Int J Pediatr Otorhinolaryngol 2009; 73:1447-51. [PMID: 19692129 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijporl.2009.07.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2009] [Revised: 07/20/2009] [Accepted: 07/20/2009] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Otitis media (OM) is the most common disease in preschool age children related to passive cigarette smoking as risk factor. In this study, we investigate whether the cigarette smoking can induce the inflammation in human middle ear epithelial cell, and cigarette smoke-induced inflammation can increase the expression of MUC5AC gene and protein that was known to play an important role in OM with effusion. METHODS After treatment of cigarette smoke solution (CSS) on immortalized human middle ear epithelial cells (HMEECs) with or without pretreatment by epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) tyrosine kinase inhibitor (AG1478), we observed expression of tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α), EGFR, MUC5AC mRNA by quantitative real-time reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) and EGFR, MUC5AC protein by western blotting. RESULTS Treatment of CSS increased expression of TNF-α mRNA dose dependently. Treatment of CSS upregulated the EGFR and MUC5AC mRNA in a time-dependent manner. CSS-induced upregulation of EGFR and MUC5AC mRNA was suppressed by the pretreatment of AG1478. EGFR and MUC5AC proteins were upregulated by the treatment of CSS and suppressed by the pretreatment of AG1478. CONCLUSIONS Treatment of CSS on HMEECs increased the expression of MUC5AC mRNAs and proteins which play a major role in OM with effusion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jae-Gu Cho
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Guro Hospital, Korea University College of Medicine, 80 Guro-dong, Guro-gu, Seoul 152-703, South Korea
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Bossé Y. Genetics of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: a succinct review, future avenues and prospective clinical applications. Pharmacogenomics 2009; 10:655-67. [PMID: 19374520 DOI: 10.2217/pgs.09.10] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is influenced by genetic and environmental factors. A large number of candidate gene-association studies and genome-wide linkage scans have been conducted to elucidate the genetic architecture underlying this disease. The compilation of these studies clearly revealed the complex genetic nature of COPD. Multiple genes acting on specific environmental backgrounds are likely to be the tenet of this multifactorial disorder. Encouragingly, reproducible susceptibility genes, such as SERPINE2, were recently identified. Advances in genomic research offer unprecedented capabilities to interrogate the human genome and are likely to accelerate the discovery of new genes. A comprehensive catalogue of genes implicated in the pathogenesis of COPD has great potential to lead to the development of new therapies and explain interindividual response to treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yohan Bossé
- Institut universitaire de cardiologie et de pneumologie de Québec, Pavillon Margeritte-d'Youville, Y4190, 2725, Chemin Sainte-Foy, Quebec City, Quebec, G1V 4G5, Canada.
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Hosgood HD, Menashe I, He X, Chanock S, Lan Q. PTEN identified as important risk factor of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Respir Med 2009; 103:1866-70. [PMID: 19625176 DOI: 10.1016/j.rmed.2009.06.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2009] [Revised: 05/28/2009] [Accepted: 06/25/2009] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Common genetic variation may play an important role in altering chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) risk. In Xuanwei, China, the COPD rate is more than twice the Chinese national average, and COPD is strongly associated with in-home coal use. To identify genetic variation that may be associated with COPD in a population with substantial in-home coal smoke exposures, we evaluated 1261 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in 380 candidate genes potentially relevant for cancer and other human diseases in a population-based case-control study in Xuanwei (53 cases; 107 controls). PTEN was the most significantly associated gene with COPD in a minP analysis using 20,000 permutations (P=0.00005). SNP-based analyses found that homozygote variant carriers of PTEN rs701848 (OR(TT)=0.12, 95% CI=0.03-0.47) had a significant decreased risk of COPD. PTEN, or phosphatase and tensin homolog, is an important regulator of cell cycle progression and cellular survival via the AKT signaling pathway. Our exploratory analysis suggests that genetic variation in PTEN may be an important risk factor of COPD in Xuanwei. However, due to the small sample size, additional studies are needed to evaluate these associations within Xuanwei and other populations with coal smoke exposures.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Dean Hosgood
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Department of Health and Human Services, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
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Iwase A, Goto M, Harata T, Takigawa S, Nakahara T, Suzuki K, Manabe S, Kikkawa F. Insulin attenuates the insulin-like growth factor-I (IGF-I)-Akt pathway, not IGF-I-extracellularly regulated kinase pathway, in luteinized granulosa cells with an increase in PTEN. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2009; 94:2184-91. [PMID: 19318457 DOI: 10.1210/jc.2008-1948] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/12/2023]
Abstract
CONTEXT Insulin resistance is considered as part of the pathogenesis of polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS), and PCOS patients often show hyperinsulinemia. The influence of insulin on folliculogenesis in women with PCOS has not been fully investigated. OBJECTIVE Our objective was to assess the induction of phosphatase and tensin homolog deleted on chromosome 10 (PTEN) expression with insulin treatment and effects of PTEN on IGF-I-induced granulosa cell proliferation as well as the correlation of PTEN levels with the concentration of insulin in follicular fluid in PCOS and non-PCOS patients. DESIGN, SETTING, PATIENTS, AND MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: A cell proliferation assay, real-time RT-PCR, and Western blotting for PTEN, Akt, and ERK1/2 were conducted in primary cultured granulosa cells under IGF-I stimulation with or without insulin pretreatment. Phosphorylation of Akt and ERK1/2 was also determined by Western blotting. We also measured the insulin concentration in follicular fluid and the levels of PTEN expression in granulosa cells collected at the time of oocyte retrieval of in vitro fertilization in PCOS (n = 13) and non-PCOS patients (n = 37). RESULTS PTEN expression was induced by insulin. Pretreatment with insulin attenuated the IGF-I-induced Akt phosphorylation and cell proliferation but not ERK1/2 phosphorylation. A phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase inhibitor, LY294002, inhibited the IGF-I-induced cell proliferation. Suppression of insulin-induced PTEN expression using small interfering RNA recovered IGF-I-induced Akt phosphorylation. PTEN levels in granulosa cells, which tended to be higher in PCOS patients, were correlated with the insulin concentration in follicular fluid. CONCLUSIONS PTEN may influence the proliferation of human granulosa cells as well as disturbance of follicular growth in PCOS patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Akira Iwase
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, 65 Tsurumai-cho, Showa-ku, Nagoya 466-8550, Japan.
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Stämpfli MR, Anderson GP. How cigarette smoke skews immune responses to promote infection, lung disease and cancer. Nat Rev Immunol 2009; 9:377-84. [PMID: 19330016 DOI: 10.1038/nri2530] [Citation(s) in RCA: 460] [Impact Index Per Article: 30.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
A complex and multilayered immune defence system protects the host against harmful agents and maintains tissue homeostasis. Cigarette smoke exposure markedly impacts the immune system, compromising the host's ability to mount appropriate immune and inflammatory responses and contributing to smoking-related pathologies. These adverse effects on the immune system not only occur in active smokers, but also in those exposed to smoke passively in contaminated environments, and may persist for decades after exposure has ended.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martin R Stämpfli
- Department of Pathology and Molecular Medicine, Centre for Gene Therapeutics, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada.
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50
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Goto M, Iwase A, Harata T, Takigawa S, Suzuki K, Manabe S, Kikkawa F. IGF1-induced AKT phosphorylation and cell proliferation are suppressed with the increase in PTEN during luteinization in human granulosa cells. Reproduction 2009; 137:835-42. [DOI: 10.1530/rep-08-0315] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Granulosa cells proliferate and then undergo differentiation; an inverse relationship between these processes is observed during terminal follicular growth. During terminal follicular growth and initial luteinization, there is a necessary transition of granulosa cells to a less proliferative and highly steroidogenic form in response to LH. Although the expression of several molecules has been reported to be up-regulated by LH, proliferation/differentiation transition is not fully understood. Here, we show that the expression of a tumor suppressor, phosphatase and tensin homologue deleted on chromosome 10 (PTEN) was induced with human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) treatment in human luteinized granulosa cells. Pretreatment with hCG attenuated insulin-like growth factor (IGF)-1-induced phosphorylation of AKT and cell proliferation, not phosphorylation of ERK1/2. Moreover, suppression of hCG-induced PTEN expression with siRNA increased AKT phosphorylation and cell proliferation in response to IGF1. We also demonstrate that a PI3K inhibitor, LY294002, not a MEK inhibitor, PD98059, inhibited IGF1-induced cell proliferation. In conclusion, PTEN induced to express by hCG in luteinized granulosa cells that inactivates AKT, not ERK, and attenuates IGF1-induced cell proliferation. PTEN expression may be a trigger for proliferation/differentiation transition in human granulosa cells.
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