1
|
Kopeček J. Hydrophilic biomaterials: From crosslinked and self-assembled hydrogels to polymer-drug conjugates and drug-free macromolecular therapeutics. J Control Release 2024; 373:1-22. [PMID: 38734315 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2024.05.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2024] [Revised: 05/05/2024] [Accepted: 05/07/2024] [Indexed: 05/13/2024]
Abstract
This "Magnum Opus" accentuates my lifelong belief that the future of science is in the interdisciplinary approach to hypotheses formulation and problem solving. Inspired by the invention of hydrogels and soft contact lenses by my mentors, my six decades of research have continuously proceeded from the synthesis of biocompatible hydrogels to the development of polymer-drug conjugates, then generation of drug-free macromolecular therapeutics (DFMT) and finally to multi-antigen T cell hybridizers (MATCH). This interdisciplinary journey was inspiring; the lifetime feeling that one is a beginner in some aspects of the research is a driving force that keeps the enthusiasm high. Also, I wanted to illustrate that systematic research in one wide area can be a life-time effort without the need to jump to areas that are temporarily en-vogue. In addition to generating general scientific knowledge, hydrogels from my laboratory have been transferred to the clinic, polymer-drug conjugates to clinical trials, and drug-free macromolecular systems have an excellent potential for personalizing patient therapies. There is a limit to life but no limit to imagination. I anticipate that systematic basic research will contribute to the expansion of our knowledge and create a foundation for the design of new paradigms based on the comprehension of mechanisms of physiological processes. The emerging novel platform technologies in biomaterial-based devices and implants as well as in personalized nanomedicines will ultimately impact clinical practice.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jindřich Kopeček
- Center for Controlled Chemical Delivery, Department of Molecular Pharmaceutics, Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT 84112, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Zu M, Ma Y, Cannup B, Xie D, Jung Y, Zhang J, Yang C, Gao F, Merlin D, Xiao B. Oral delivery of natural active small molecules by polymeric nanoparticles for the treatment of inflammatory bowel diseases. Adv Drug Deliv Rev 2021; 176:113887. [PMID: 34314785 DOI: 10.1016/j.addr.2021.113887] [Citation(s) in RCA: 75] [Impact Index Per Article: 25.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2021] [Revised: 06/27/2021] [Accepted: 07/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
The incidence of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is rapidly rising throughout the world. Although tremendous efforts have been made, limited therapeutics are available for IBD management. Natural active small molecules (NASMs), which are a gift of nature to humanity, have been widely used in the prevention and alleviation of IBD; they have numerous advantageous features, including excellent biocompatibility, pharmacological activity, and mass production potential. Oral route is the most common and acceptable approach for drug administration, but the clinical application of NASMs in IBD treatment via oral route has been seriously restricted by their inherent limitations such as high hydrophobicity, instability, and poor bioavailability. With the development of nanotechnology, polymeric nanoparticles (NPs) have provided a promising platform that can efficiently encapsulate versatile NASMs, overcome multiple drug delivery barriers, and orally deliver the loaded NASMs to targeted tissues or cells while enhancing their stability and bioavailability. Thus, NPs can enhance the preventive and therapeutic effects of NASMs against IBD. Herein, we summarize the recent knowledge about polymeric matrix-based carriers, targeting ligands for drug delivery, and NASMs. We also discuss the current challenges and future developmental directions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Menghang Zu
- State Key Laboratory of Silkworm Genome Biology, College of Sericulture, Textile, and Biomass Sciences, Southwest University, Beibei, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Ya Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Silkworm Genome Biology, College of Sericulture, Textile, and Biomass Sciences, Southwest University, Beibei, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Brandon Cannup
- Institute for Biomedical Sciences, Digestive Disease Research Group, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Georgia 30302, United States
| | - Dengchao Xie
- State Key Laboratory of Silkworm Genome Biology, College of Sericulture, Textile, and Biomass Sciences, Southwest University, Beibei, Chongqing 400715, China; State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan 611137, China; College of Food Science, Southwest University, Beibei, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Yunjin Jung
- College of Pharmacy, Pusan National University, Geumjeong-gu, Busan 46241, South Korea
| | - Jinming Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan 611137, China
| | - Chunhua Yang
- Institute for Biomedical Sciences, Digestive Disease Research Group, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Georgia 30302, United States; Atlanta Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Decatur, GA 30033, United States
| | - Fei Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan 611137, China.
| | - Didier Merlin
- Institute for Biomedical Sciences, Digestive Disease Research Group, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Georgia 30302, United States; Atlanta Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Decatur, GA 30033, United States.
| | - Bo Xiao
- State Key Laboratory of Silkworm Genome Biology, College of Sericulture, Textile, and Biomass Sciences, Southwest University, Beibei, Chongqing 400715, China.
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Xue Y, Bai H, Peng B, Fang B, Baell J, Li L, Huang W, Voelcker NH. Stimulus-cleavable chemistry in the field of controlled drug delivery. Chem Soc Rev 2021; 50:4872-4931. [DOI: 10.1039/d0cs01061h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
This review comprehensively summarises stimulus-cleavable linkers from various research areas and their cleavage mechanisms, thus provides an insightful guideline to extend their potential applications to controlled drug release from nanomaterials.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yufei Xue
- Frontiers Science Center for Flexible Electronics
- Xi’an Institute of Flexible Electronics (IFE) and Xi’an Institute of Biomedical Materials & Engineering
- Northwestern Polytechnical University
- 127 West Youyi Road
- Xi'an 710072
| | - Hua Bai
- Frontiers Science Center for Flexible Electronics
- Xi’an Institute of Flexible Electronics (IFE) and Xi’an Institute of Biomedical Materials & Engineering
- Northwestern Polytechnical University
- 127 West Youyi Road
- Xi'an 710072
| | - Bo Peng
- Frontiers Science Center for Flexible Electronics
- Xi’an Institute of Flexible Electronics (IFE) and Xi’an Institute of Biomedical Materials & Engineering
- Northwestern Polytechnical University
- 127 West Youyi Road
- Xi'an 710072
| | - Bin Fang
- Frontiers Science Center for Flexible Electronics
- Xi’an Institute of Flexible Electronics (IFE) and Xi’an Institute of Biomedical Materials & Engineering
- Northwestern Polytechnical University
- 127 West Youyi Road
- Xi'an 710072
| | - Jonathan Baell
- Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation (CSIRO), Clayton
- Victoria 3168
- Australia
| | - Lin Li
- Frontiers Science Center for Flexible Electronics
- Xi’an Institute of Flexible Electronics (IFE) and Xi’an Institute of Biomedical Materials & Engineering
- Northwestern Polytechnical University
- 127 West Youyi Road
- Xi'an 710072
| | - Wei Huang
- Frontiers Science Center for Flexible Electronics
- Xi’an Institute of Flexible Electronics (IFE) and Xi’an Institute of Biomedical Materials & Engineering
- Northwestern Polytechnical University
- 127 West Youyi Road
- Xi'an 710072
| | - Nicolas Hans Voelcker
- Frontiers Science Center for Flexible Electronics
- Xi’an Institute of Flexible Electronics (IFE) and Xi’an Institute of Biomedical Materials & Engineering
- Northwestern Polytechnical University
- 127 West Youyi Road
- Xi'an 710072
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Nalinbenjapun S, Ovatlarnporn C. Chitosan-5-aminosalicylic acid conjugates for colon-specific drug delivery: Methods of preparation and in vitro evaluations. J Drug Deliv Sci Technol 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jddst.2019.101397] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
|
5
|
Rani S, Gupta U. HPMA-based polymeric conjugates in anticancer therapeutics. Drug Discov Today 2020; 25:997-1012. [PMID: 32334073 DOI: 10.1016/j.drudis.2020.04.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2020] [Revised: 03/23/2020] [Accepted: 04/11/2020] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Polymer therapeutics has gained prominence due to an attractive structural polymer chemistry and its applications in diseases therapy. In this review, we discussed the development and capabilities of N-(2-hydroxypropyl) methacrylamide (HPMA) and HPMA-drug conjugates in cancer therapy. The design, architecture, and structural properties of HPMA make it a versatile system for the synthesis of polymeric conjugations for biomedical applications. Research suggests that HPMA could be a possible alternative for polymers such polyethylene glycol (PEG) in biomedical applications. Although numerous clinical trials of HPMA-drug conjugates are ongoing, yet no product has been successfully brought to the market. Thus, further research is required to develop HPMA-drug conjugates as successful cancer therapeutics.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sarita Rani
- Department of Pharmacy, School of Chemical Sciences and Pharmacy, Central University of Rajasthan, Bandarsindri, Ajmer, Rajasthan, 305817, India
| | - Umesh Gupta
- Department of Pharmacy, School of Chemical Sciences and Pharmacy, Central University of Rajasthan, Bandarsindri, Ajmer, Rajasthan, 305817, India.
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Suzuki H. Remarkable diversification of bacterial azoreductases: primary sequences, structures, substrates, physiological roles, and biotechnological applications. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2019; 103:3965-3978. [PMID: 30941462 DOI: 10.1007/s00253-019-09775-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2019] [Revised: 03/13/2019] [Accepted: 03/15/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Azoreductases reductively cleave azo linkages by using NAD(P)H as an electron donor. The enzymes are widely found in bacteria and act on numerous azo dyes, which allow various unique applications. This review describes primary amino acid sequences, structures, substrates, physiological roles, and biotechnological applications of bacterial azoreductases to discuss their remarkable diversification. According to primary sequences, azoreductases were classified phylogenetically into four main clades. Most members of clades I-III are flavoproteins, whereas clade IV members include flavin-free azoreductases. Clades I and II prefer NADPH and NADH, respectively, as electron donors, whereas other members generally use both. Several enzymes formed no clades; moreover, some bacteria produce azoreductases with longer primary structures than those hitherto identified, which implies further diversification of bacterial azoreductases. The crystal structures commonly reveal the Rossmann folds; however, ternary structures are moderately varied with different quaternary conformation. Although physiological roles are obscure, several azoreductases have been shown to act on metabolites such as flavins, quinones, and metal ions more efficiently than on azo dyes. Considering that many homologs exclusively act on these metabolites, it is possible that azoreductases are actually side activities of versatile reductases that act on various substrates with different specificities. In parallel, this idea raises the possibility that homologous enzymes, even if these are already defined as other types of reductases, widely harbor azoreductase activities. Although azoreductases for which their genes have been identified are not abundant, it may be simple to identify azoreductases of biotechnological importance that have novel substrate specificities.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hirokazu Suzuki
- Faculty of Engineering, Tottori University, 4-101 Koyama-Minami, Tottori, 680-8552, Japan. .,Center for Research on Green Sustainable Chemistry, Tottori University, 4-101 Koyama-Minami, Tottori, 680-8552, Japan.
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Zhang ZT, Huang-Fu MY, Xu WH, Han M. Stimulus-responsive nanoscale delivery systems triggered by the enzymes in the tumor microenvironment. Eur J Pharm Biopharm 2019; 137:122-130. [PMID: 30776412 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejpb.2019.02.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2018] [Revised: 02/02/2019] [Accepted: 02/14/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
The tumor microenvironment is the cellular environment that is also described as the "soil" for supporting tumor growth, proliferation, invasion and metastasis, as well as protecting tumor cells from immunological recognition. Notably, tumor cells can grow much faster than other normal organs and invade surrounding tissues more easily, which results in abnormal expression of enzymes in the tumor microenvironment, including matrix metalloproteinases, cathepsins, phospholipases, oxidoreductases, etc. In opposite, due to the high selectivity and catalytic activity, these enzymes can promote nanoparticles to recognize tumor tissues more accurately, and the more accumulation of drugs at primal tumor sites will enhance therapeutic efficacy with lower systemic toxicity. Therefore, one promising antitumor strategy is to design stimulus-responsive nanoscale delivery systems triggered by the enzymes with the support of various nanocarriers, such as liposomes, micelles and inorganic nanoparticles, etc. In this review, numerous facts were cited to summarize and discuss the typical types of enzyme-stimulus responsive nanoscale delivery systems. More importantly, we also focused on their recent advancements in antitumor therapy, and offered the direction for further studies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zhen-Tao Zhang
- Institute of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Ming-Yi Huang-Fu
- Institute of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Wen-Hong Xu
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Intervention, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University, College of Medicine, Hangzhou 310058 China.
| | - Min Han
- Institute of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China.
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Hassanzadeh P, Atyabi F, Dinarvand R. Linkers: The key elements for the creation of efficient nanotherapeutics. J Control Release 2018; 270:260-267. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2017.12.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2017] [Revised: 12/09/2017] [Accepted: 12/11/2017] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
|
9
|
Chytil P, Koziolová E, Etrych T, Ulbrich K. HPMA Copolymer-Drug Conjugates with Controlled Tumor-Specific Drug Release. Macromol Biosci 2017; 18. [PMID: 28805040 DOI: 10.1002/mabi.201700209] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2017] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
Over the past few decades, numerous polymer drug carrier systems are designed and synthesized, and their properties are evaluated. Many of these systems are based on water-soluble polymer carriers of low-molecular-weight drugs and compounds, e.g., cytostatic agents, anti-inflammatory drugs, or multidrug resistance inhibitors, all covalently bound to a carrier by a biodegradable spacer that enables controlled release of the active molecule to achieve the desired pharmacological effect. Among others, the synthetic polymer carriers based on N-(2-hydroxypropyl) methacrylamide (HPMA) copolymers are some of the most promising carriers for this purpose. This review focuses on advances in the development of HPMA copolymer carriers and their conjugates with anticancer drugs, with triggered drug activation in tumor tissue and especially in tumor cells. Specifically, this review highlights the improvements in polymer drug carrier design with respect to the structure of a spacer to influence controlled drug release and activation, and its impact on the drug pharmacokinetics, enhanced tumor uptake, cellular trafficking, and in vivo antitumor activity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Petr Chytil
- Institute of Macromolecular Chemistry, Czech Academy of Sciences, Heyrovský Sq. 2, 162 06 Prague 6, Czech Republic
| | - Eva Koziolová
- Institute of Macromolecular Chemistry, Czech Academy of Sciences, Heyrovský Sq. 2, 162 06 Prague 6, Czech Republic
| | - Tomáš Etrych
- Institute of Macromolecular Chemistry, Czech Academy of Sciences, Heyrovský Sq. 2, 162 06 Prague 6, Czech Republic
| | - Karel Ulbrich
- Institute of Macromolecular Chemistry, Czech Academy of Sciences, Heyrovský Sq. 2, 162 06 Prague 6, Czech Republic
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Davaran S, Rashidi MR, Hanaee J, Khani A, Mahkam M, Hashemi M. Synthesis and Degradation Characteristics of Polyurethanes Containing AZO Derivatives of 5-Amino Salicylic Acid. J BIOACT COMPAT POL 2016. [DOI: 10.1177/0883911506066933] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
New types of biodegradable and pH sensitive polyurethanes containing azo derivatives of 5-aminosalicylic acid (5-ASA) were synthesized by condensation of hexamethylene diisocyanate (HDI) with 4, 4-dihydroxy azobenzene-3, 3-dicarboxylic acid (AZO I) or 4, 4-dihydroxy 3-formyl azobenzene-3-carboxylic acid (AZO II). They contained both hydrolysable urethane bonds and enzymatically degradable azo-aromatic links. Degradation of polyurethanes (PU-AZO I and PU-AZO II) in phosphate buffer solutions was pH dependant. In basic conditions AZO I or AZO II was rapidly released over 48h. Incubation of PU-AZO I and PU-AZO II with rat cecal contents at 37°C gradually released 5-ASA, and the amount of drug released was 85% and 78% in 48h respectively. These polyurethane derivatives are being investigated for colon-specific drug delivery systems for treating inflammatory bowel disease based on the pH-dependant degradation of the polymer.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Soodabeh Davaran
- Drug Applied Research Centre, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Mohammad R. Rashidi
- Drug Applied Research Centre, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | | | - Abbas Khani
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Mehrdad Mahkam
- Faculty of Science, Azarbaijan Tarbyat Moallem University
| | - Mahdi Hashemi
- Hakim Kashef Co., R&D Dept., 22 Masjed Jameh, Motahari Ave., Tabriz, Iran
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Sakuma S, Lu ZR, Pecharová B, Kopečková P, Kopeček J. N-(2-Hydroxypropyl)methacrylamide Copolymer-9-Aminocamptothecin Conjugate: Colon-Specific Drug Delivery in Rats. J BIOACT COMPAT POL 2016. [DOI: 10.1177/0883911502017005557] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
An N-(2-hydroxypropyl)methacrylamide (HPMA) copolymer conjugate containing 9-aminocamptothecin (9-AC) boundvia a spacer containing an aromatic azo bond and leucylalanine (P-Azo-Leu-Ala-9-AC) was synthesized. The in vivo pharmacokinetic profile after oral administration was examined in rats and comparedto free 9-AC. The aromatic azo bond of P-Azo-Leu-Ala-9-AC was stable in stomach and small intestine; the delivery of a large amount of intact conjugate to the colon was achieved. In the colon, the azoreductase activity first cleaved the azo bond followed by peptidase catalyzed cleavage of the leucylalanyl drug derivative resulting in the release of free 9-AC. However, the release rate from the conjugate was not fast enough to achieve high colon concentrations of free 9-AC. The results of the study suggest design features for the second generation of conjugates, including the use of a side-chain with a higher cleavage rate in the colon, combined with the incorporation of bioadhesion technology, to increase colon transit time.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Barbara Pecharová
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Salt Lake City, Utah 84112, USA
| | - Pavla Kopečková
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah 84112, USA
| | - Jindřich Kopeček
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah 84112, USA
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Ulbrich K, Holá K, Šubr V, Bakandritsos A, Tuček J, Zbořil R. Targeted Drug Delivery with Polymers and Magnetic Nanoparticles: Covalent and Noncovalent Approaches, Release Control, and Clinical Studies. Chem Rev 2016; 116:5338-431. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.5b00589] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1120] [Impact Index Per Article: 140.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Karel Ulbrich
- Institute
of Macromolecular Chemistry, The Czech Academy of Sciences, v.v.i., Heyrovsky Square 2, 162 06 Prague 6, Czech Republic
| | - Kateřina Holá
- Regional
Centre of Advanced Technologies and Materials, Department of Physical
Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Palacky University, 17 Listopadu 1192/12, 771 46 Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Vladimir Šubr
- Institute
of Macromolecular Chemistry, The Czech Academy of Sciences, v.v.i., Heyrovsky Square 2, 162 06 Prague 6, Czech Republic
| | - Aristides Bakandritsos
- Regional
Centre of Advanced Technologies and Materials, Department of Physical
Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Palacky University, 17 Listopadu 1192/12, 771 46 Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Jiří Tuček
- Regional
Centre of Advanced Technologies and Materials, Department of Physical
Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Palacky University, 17 Listopadu 1192/12, 771 46 Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Radek Zbořil
- Regional
Centre of Advanced Technologies and Materials, Department of Physical
Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Palacky University, 17 Listopadu 1192/12, 771 46 Olomouc, Czech Republic
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Abstract
This overview intends to demonstrate the close relationship between the design of smart biomaterials and water-soluble polymer-drug conjugates. First, the discovery and systematic studies of hydrogels based on crosslinked poly(meth)acrylic acid esters and substituted amides is described. Then, the lessons learned for the design of water-soluble polymers as drug carriers are highlighted. The current state-of-the-art in water-soluble, mainly poly[N-(2-hydroxypropyl)methacylamide (HPMA), polymer-drug conjugates is shown including the design of backbone degradable HPMA copolymer carriers. In the second part, the modern design of hybrid hydrogels focuses on the self-assembly of hybrid copolymers composed from the synthetic part (backbone) and biorecognizable grafts (coiled-coil forming peptides or morpholino oligonucleotides) is shown. The research of self-assembling hydrogels inspired the invention and design of drug-free macromolecular therapeutics - a new paradigm in drug delivery where crosslinking of non-internalizating CD20 receptors results in apoptosis in vitro and in vivo. The latter is mediated by biorecognition of complementary motifs; no low molecular weight drug is needed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jiyuan Yang
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Pharmaceutical Chemistry, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah 84112, USA
| | - Jindřich Kopeček
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Pharmaceutical Chemistry, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah 84112, USA ; Department of Bioengineering, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah 84112, USA
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Wong PT, Choi SK. Mechanisms of Drug Release in Nanotherapeutic Delivery Systems. Chem Rev 2015; 115:3388-432. [DOI: 10.1021/cr5004634] [Citation(s) in RCA: 349] [Impact Index Per Article: 38.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Pamela T. Wong
- Michigan
Nanotechnology Institute
for Medicine and Biological Sciences, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, United States
| | - Seok Ki Choi
- Michigan
Nanotechnology Institute
for Medicine and Biological Sciences, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, United States
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Frazier N, Robinson R, Ray A, Ghandehari H. Effects of Heating Temperature and Duration by Gold Nanorod Mediated Plasmonic Photothermal Therapy on Copolymer Accumulation in Tumor Tissue. Mol Pharm 2015; 12:1605-14. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.molpharmaceut.5b00019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Nick Frazier
- Department
of Bioengineering, ‡Center for Nanomedicine, Nano Institute of
Utah, and §Department of Pharmaceutics and Pharmaceutical Chemistry, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah 84112, United States
| | - Ryan Robinson
- Department
of Bioengineering, ‡Center for Nanomedicine, Nano Institute of
Utah, and §Department of Pharmaceutics and Pharmaceutical Chemistry, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah 84112, United States
| | - Abhijit Ray
- Department
of Bioengineering, ‡Center for Nanomedicine, Nano Institute of
Utah, and §Department of Pharmaceutics and Pharmaceutical Chemistry, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah 84112, United States
| | - Hamidreza Ghandehari
- Department
of Bioengineering, ‡Center for Nanomedicine, Nano Institute of
Utah, and §Department of Pharmaceutics and Pharmaceutical Chemistry, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah 84112, United States
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Paramjot, Khan NM, Kapahi H, Kumar S, Bhardwaj TR, Arora S, Mishra N. Role of polymer–drug conjugates in organ-specific delivery systems. J Drug Target 2015; 23:387-416. [DOI: 10.3109/1061186x.2015.1016436] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
|
17
|
Hu X, Liu S. Recent advances towards the fabrication and biomedical applications of responsive polymeric assemblies and nanoparticle hybrid superstructures. Dalton Trans 2015; 44:3904-22. [DOI: 10.1039/c4dt03609c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
We highlight recent developments, microstructural control, and biomedical applications of stimuli-responsive polymeric assemblies and responsive hybrid superstructures.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xianglong Hu
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Laser Life Science and Institute of Laser Life Science
- College of Biophotonics
- South China Normal University
- Guangzhou 510631
- China
| | - Shiyong Liu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Soft Matter Chemistry
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials
- Department of Polymer Science and Engineering
- University of Science and Technology of China
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Kitamura T, Sakuma S, Shimosato M, Higashino H, Masaoka Y, Kataoka M, Yamashita S, Hiwatari KI, Kumagai H, Morimoto N, Koike S, Tobita E, Hoffman RM, Gore JC, Pham W. Specificity of lectin-immobilized fluorescent nanospheres for colorectal tumors in a mouse model which better resembles the clinical disease. CONTRAST MEDIA & MOLECULAR IMAGING 2014; 10:135-43. [PMID: 24976331 DOI: 10.1002/cmmi.1609] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2013] [Revised: 03/17/2014] [Accepted: 04/06/2014] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
We have been investigating an imaging agent that enables real-time and accurate diagnosis of early colorectal cancer at the intestinal mucosa by colonoscopy. The imaging agent is peanut agglutinin-immobilized polystyrene nanospheres with surface poly(N-vinylacetamide) chains encapsulating coumarin 6. Intracolonically-administered lectin-immobilized fluorescent nanospheres detect tumor-derived changes through molecular recognition of lectin for the terminal sugar of cancer-specific antigens on the mucosal surface. The focus of the present study was to evaluate imaging abilities of the nanospheres in animal models that reflect clinical environments. We previously developed an orthotopic mouse model with human colorectal tumors growing on the mucosa of the descending colon to better resemble the clinical disease. The entire colon of the mice in the exposed abdomen was monitored in real time with an in vivo imaging apparatus. Fluorescence from the nanospheres was observed along the entire descending colon after intracolonical administration from the anus. When the luminal side of the colon was washed with phosphate-buffered saline, most of the nanospheres were flushed. However, fluorescence persisted in areas where cancer cells were implanted. Histological evaluation demonstrated that tumors were present in the mucosal epithelia where the nanospheres fluoresced. In contrast, no fluorescence was observed when control mice, without tumors were tested. The lectin-immobilized fluorescent nanospheres were tumor-specific and remained bound to tumors even after vigorous washing. The nanospheres nonspecifically bound to normal mucosa were easily removed through mild washing. These results indicate that the nanospheres combined with colonoscopy, will be a clinically-valuable diagnostic tool for early-stage primary colon carcinoma.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tokio Kitamura
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Setsunan University, 45-1 Nagaotoge-cho, Hirakata, Osaka, 573-0101, Japan
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
19
|
Polymer–Drug Conjugate in Focal Drug Delivery. ADVANCES IN DELIVERY SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY 2014. [DOI: 10.1007/978-1-4614-9434-8_5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
|
20
|
Hu X, Hu J, Tian J, Ge Z, Zhang G, Luo K, Liu S. Polyprodrug amphiphiles: hierarchical assemblies for shape-regulated cellular internalization, trafficking, and drug delivery. J Am Chem Soc 2013; 135:17617-29. [PMID: 24160840 DOI: 10.1021/ja409686x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 481] [Impact Index Per Article: 43.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Solution self-assembly of block copolymers (BCPs) typically generates spheres, rods, and vesicles. The reproducible bottom-up fabrication of stable planar nanostructures remains elusive due to their tendency to bend into closed bilayers. This morphological vacancy renders the study of shape effects on BCP nanocarrier-cell interactions incomplete. Furthermore, the fabrication of single BCP assemblies with built-in drug delivery functions and geometry-optimized performance remains a major challenge. We demonstrate that PEG-b-PCPTM polyprodrug amphiphiles, where PEG is poly(ethylene glycol) and PCPTM is polymerized block of reduction-cleavable camptothecin (CPT) prodrug monomer, with >50 wt % CPT loading content can self-assemble into four types of uniform nanostructures including spheres, large compound vesicles, smooth disks, and unprecedented staggered lamellae with spiked periphery. Staggered lamellae outperform the other three nanostructure types, exhibiting extended blood circulation duration, the fastest cellular uptake, and unique internalization pathways. We also explore shape-modulated CPT release kinetics, nanostructure degradation, and in vitro cytotoxicities. The controlled hierarchical organization of polyprodrug amphiphiles and shape-tunable biological performance opens up new horizons for exploring next-generation BCP-based drug delivery systems with improved efficacy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xianglong Hu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Soft Matter Chemistry, Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China , Hefei, Anhui 230026, China
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
21
|
Sadekar S, Thiagarajan G, Bartlett K, Hubbard D, Ray A, McGill LD, Ghandehari H. Poly(amido amine) dendrimers as absorption enhancers for oral delivery of camptothecin. Int J Pharm 2013; 456:175-85. [PMID: 23933439 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2013.07.071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2013] [Revised: 07/16/2013] [Accepted: 07/19/2013] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Oral delivery of camptothecin has a treatment advantage but is limited by low bioavailability and gastrointestinal toxicity. Poly(amido amine) or PAMAM dendrimers have shown promise as intestinal penetration enhancers, drug solubilizers and drug carriers for oral delivery in vitro and in situ. There have been very limited studies in vivo to evaluate PAMAM dendrimers for oral drug delivery. In this study, camptothecin (5 mg/kg) was formulated and co-delivered with cationic, amine-terminated PAMAM dendrimer generation 4.0 (G4.0) (100 and 300 mg/kg) and anionic, carboxylate-terminated PAMAM generation 3.5 (G3.5) (300 and 1000 mg/kg) in CD-1 mice. Camptothecin associated to a higher extent with G4.0 than G3.5 in the formulation, attributed to an electrostatic interaction on the surface of G4.0. Both PAMAM G4.0 and G3.5 increased camptothecin solubilization in simulated gastric fluid and caused a 2-3 fold increase in oral absorption of camptothecin when delivered at 2 h. PAMAM G4.0 and G3.5 did not increase mannitol transport suggesting that the oral absorption of camptothecin was not due to tight junction modulation. Histologic observations of the epithelial layer of small intestinal segments of the gastrointestinal tract (GIT) at 4 h post dosing supported no evidence of toxicity at the evaluated doses of PAMAM dendrimers. This study demonstrates that both cationic (G.4) and anionic (G3.5) PAMAM dendrimers were effective in enhancing the oral absorption of camptothecin. Results suggest that drug inclusion in PAMAM interior controlled solubilization in simulated gastric and intestinal fluids, and increased oral bioavailability.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- S Sadekar
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Pharmaceutical Chemistry, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT 84112, USA; Center for Nanomedicine, Nano Institute of Utah, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT 84112, USA
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
22
|
Zelzer M, Todd SJ, Hirst AR, McDonald TO, Ulijn RV. Enzyme responsive materials: design strategies and future developments. Biomater Sci 2012; 1:11-39. [PMID: 32481995 DOI: 10.1039/c2bm00041e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 227] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Enzyme responsive materials (ERMs) are a class of stimuli responsive materials with broad application potential in biological settings. This review highlights current and potential future design strategies for ERMs and provides an overview of the present state of the art in the area.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mischa Zelzer
- WestCHEM, Thomas Graham Building, 295 Cathedral Street, Glasgow, G1 1XL, U.K..
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
23
|
Krishnaiah YSR, Khan MA. Strategies of targeting oral drug delivery systems to the colon and their potential use for the treatment of colorectal cancer. Pharm Dev Technol 2012; 17:521-40. [PMID: 22681390 DOI: 10.3109/10837450.2012.696268] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the third most common cause of cancer-related death in both men and women. Often, surgical intervention remains the choice in treating CRC. Traditional dosage forms used for treating CRC deliver drug to wanted as well as unwanted sites of drug action resulting in several adverse side effects. Targeted oral drug delivery systems are being investigated to target and deliver chemotherapeutic and chemopreventive agents directly to colon and rectum. Site-specific delivery of a drug to colon increases its concentration at the target site, and thus requires a lower dose with reduced incidence of side effects. The major obstacle to be overcome for successful targeting of drug to colon through oral route is that drug absorption/degradation must be avoided in stomach and small intestine before the dosage form reaches colon. The review includes discussion of physiological factors that must be considered when targeting drugs directly to colorectal region, an outline on drugs used for treatment and prevention of CRC, and a brief description of various types of colon-targeted oral drug delivery systems. The focus is on the assessment of various formulation approaches being investigated for oral colon-specific delivery of drugs used in the treatment and prevention of CRC.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yellela S R Krishnaiah
- Division of Product Quality Research, Office of Testing and Research, Office of Pharmaceutical Science, Center for Drug Evaluation and Research, Food and Drug Administration, Silver Springs, MD 20993, USA.
| | | |
Collapse
|
24
|
LAI PINGSHAN, YOUNG TAIHORNG, WANG CHENGYI, SHIEH MINGJIUM. IN VITRO RELEASE OF HYDROCORTISONE BY GLYCINE-IMMOBILIZED EVAL MEMBRANE. BIOMEDICAL ENGINEERING: APPLICATIONS, BASIS AND COMMUNICATIONS 2012. [DOI: 10.4015/s1016237205000135] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
A pH-sensitive membrane for colon-specific drug delivery was prepared by glycine-immobilization on poly (ethylene-co-vinyl alcohol) (Gly-EVAL) that can enhance the permeability of hydrocortisone at pH 7.4 and resist drug permeation at pH 2.0 or in gastric juice. As the results of drug releasing profile, it is proposed that the electrical repulsion occurring between adjacent carboxylate ions at pH 7.4 on Gly-EVAL causes the higher permeation rate of hydrocortisone. Consequently, the hydrocortisone coated by Gly-EVAL can escape from degradation in acid environment and release significantly in neutral or weak basic pH values, which is ideally suitable for local treatment of ulcerative colitis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- PING-SHAN LAI
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering, National Taiwan University, Taiwan
| | - TAI-HORNG YOUNG
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering, National Taiwan University, Taiwan
| | - CHENG-YI WANG
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering, National Taiwan University, Taiwan
- Department of Internal Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taiwan
| | - MING-JIUM SHIEH
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering, National Taiwan University, Taiwan
- Department of Oncology, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Sakuma S, Kanamitsu S, Teraoka Y, Masaoka Y, Kataoka M, Yamashita S, Shirasaka Y, Tamai I, Muraoka M, Nakatsuji Y, Kida T, Akashi M. Involvement of Functional Groups on the Surface of Carboxyl Group-Terminated Polyamidoamine Dendrimers Bearing Arbutin in Inhibition of Na+/Glucose Cotransporter 1 (SGLT1)-Mediated d-Glucose Uptake. Mol Pharm 2012; 9:922-9. [DOI: 10.1021/mp300017e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Shinji Sakuma
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Setsunan University, 45-1 Nagaotoge-cho, Hirakata,
Osaka 573-0101, Japan
| | - Shun Kanamitsu
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Setsunan University, 45-1 Nagaotoge-cho, Hirakata,
Osaka 573-0101, Japan
| | - Yumi Teraoka
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Setsunan University, 45-1 Nagaotoge-cho, Hirakata,
Osaka 573-0101, Japan
| | - Yoshie Masaoka
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Setsunan University, 45-1 Nagaotoge-cho, Hirakata,
Osaka 573-0101, Japan
| | - Makoto Kataoka
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Setsunan University, 45-1 Nagaotoge-cho, Hirakata,
Osaka 573-0101, Japan
| | - Shinji Yamashita
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Setsunan University, 45-1 Nagaotoge-cho, Hirakata,
Osaka 573-0101, Japan
| | - Yoshiyuki Shirasaka
- Faculty
of Pharmacy, Institute
of Medical, Pharmaceutical and Health Sciences, Kanazawa University, Kakuma-machi, Kanazawa, Ishikawa 920-1192,
Japan
| | - Ikumi Tamai
- Faculty
of Pharmacy, Institute
of Medical, Pharmaceutical and Health Sciences, Kanazawa University, Kakuma-machi, Kanazawa, Ishikawa 920-1192,
Japan
| | - Masahiro Muraoka
- Faculty of Engineering, Osaka Institute of Technology, 5-16-1 Ohmiya, Asahi-ku,
Osaka 535-8585, Japan
| | - Yohji Nakatsuji
- Faculty of Engineering, Osaka Institute of Technology, 5-16-1 Ohmiya, Asahi-ku,
Osaka 535-8585, Japan
| | - Toshiyuki Kida
- Graduate
School of Engineering, Osaka University, 2-1 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871,
Japan
| | - Mitsuru Akashi
- Graduate
School of Engineering, Osaka University, 2-1 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871,
Japan
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
Sakuma S, Higashino H, Oshitani H, Masaoka Y, Kataoka M, Yamashita S, Hiwatari KI, Tachikawa H, Kimura R, Nakamura K, Kumagai H, Gore JC, Pham W. Essence of affinity and specificity of peanut agglutinin-immobilized fluorescent nanospheres with surface poly(N-vinylacetamide) chains for colorectal cancer. Eur J Pharm Biopharm 2011; 79:537-43. [PMID: 21693188 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejpb.2011.06.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2011] [Revised: 05/31/2011] [Accepted: 06/06/2011] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
We have designed a novel colonoscopic imaging agent that is composed of submicron-sized fluorescent polystyrene nanospheres with two functional groups - peanut agglutinin (PNA) and poly(N-vinylaceamide) (PNVA) - on their surfaces. PNA is a targeting moiety that binds to β-d-galactosyl-(1-3)-N-acetyl-d-galactosamine (Gal-β(1-3)GalNAc), which is the terminal sugar of the Thomsen-Friedenreich antigen that is specifically expressed on the mucosal side of colorectal cancer cells; it is anchored on the nanosphere surface via a poly(methacrylic) acid (PMAA) linker. PNVA is immobilized to enhance the specificity of PNA by reducing nonspecific interactions between the imaging agent and normal tissues. The essential nature of both functional groups was evaluated through in vivo experiments using PNA-free and PNVA-free nanospheres. The imaging agent recognized specifically tumors on the cecal mucosa of immune-deficient mice in which human colorectal cancer cells had been implanted; however, the recognition capability disappeared when PNA was replaced with wheat germ agglutinin, which has no affinity for Gal-β(1-3)GalNAc. PNA-free nanospheres with exclusively surface PNVA chains rarely adhered to the cecal mucosa of normal mice that did not undergo the cancer cell implantation. In contrast, there were strong nonspecific interactions between normal tissues and PNA-free nanospheres with exclusively surface PMAA chains. In vivo data proved that PNA and PNVA were essential for biorecognition for tumor tissues and a reduction of nonspecific interactions with normal tissues, respectively.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shinji Sakuma
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Setsunan University, Osaka, Japan.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
27
|
Feng X, Pinaud J, Chaikof EL, Taton D, Gnanou Y. Sequential functionalization of janus-type dendrimer-like poly(ethylene oxide)s with camptothecin and folic acid. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2011. [DOI: 10.1002/pola.24718] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
|
28
|
Sakuma S, Kataoka M, Higashino H, Yano T, Masaoka Y, Yamashita S, Hiwatari KI, Tachikawa H, Kimura R, Nakamura K, Kumagai H, Gore JC, Pham W. A potential of peanut agglutinin-immobilized fluorescent nanospheres as a safe candidate of diagnostic drugs for colonoscopy. Eur J Pharm Sci 2011; 42:340-7. [PMID: 21216286 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejps.2010.12.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2010] [Revised: 12/15/2010] [Accepted: 12/23/2010] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
We designed peanut agglutinin (PNA)-immobilized fluorescent nanospheres as a non-absorbable endoscopic imaging agent capable of being administered intracolonically. Following our previous researches with evidence that the imaging agent recognized small-sized colorectal tumors on the mucosal surface with high affinity and specificity in animal experiments, a potential of this nanoprobe as a drug candidate was evaluated from a safety perspective. The imaging agent detects colorectal tumors through recognition of the tumor-specific antigen by PNA immobilized on the nanosphere surface, and the detection is made via the fluorescent signal derived from coumarin 6 encapsulated into the nanosphere core. The stability studies revealed that the high activity of PNA was maintained and there was no significant leakage of coumarin 6 after intracolonic administration of the imaging agent. Cytotoxicity studies indicated that no local damage to the large intestinal membrane was induced by the imaging agent. Further, in vitro and in vivo permeation studies demonstrated that there was no significant permeation of the imaging agent through the monolayer of cultured cells and that the imaging agent administered locally to the luminal side of the large intestine was almost completely recovered from the administration site. Therefore, we concluded that the imaging agent is a safe and stable probe which remains in the large intestine without systemic exposure.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shinji Sakuma
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Setsunan University, 45-1 Nagaotoge-cho, Hirakata, Osaka 573-0101, Japan.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
29
|
Blencowe CA, Russell AT, Greco F, Hayes W, Thornthwaite DW. Self-immolative linkers in polymeric delivery systems. Polym Chem 2011. [DOI: 10.1039/c0py00324g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 120] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
|
30
|
Sakuma S, Teraoka Y, Sagawa T, Masaoka Y, Kataoka M, Yamashita S, Shirasaka Y, Tamai I, Ikumi Y, Kida T, Akashi M. Carboxyl group-terminated polyamidoamine dendrimers bearing glucosides inhibit intestinal hexose transporter-mediated D-glucose uptake. Eur J Pharm Biopharm 2010; 75:366-74. [PMID: 20399853 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejpb.2010.04.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2009] [Revised: 04/07/2010] [Accepted: 04/11/2010] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
We are investigating non-absorbable polymeric conjugates bearing glucosides via a omega-amino triethylene glycol linker as oral anti-diabetic drugs that suppress an increase in the blood glucose level after meals through inhibition of Na(+)/glucose cotransporter (SGLT1). When the linker was bound to phloridzin, which is a SGLT1 inhibitor, to yield a precursor of the conjugate, the in vitro inhibitory effect on SGLT1-mediated d-glucose uptake was reduced to about one-tenth that of phloridzin. The inhibitory effect was recovered completely when the precursor was immobilized on the surface of poly(amidoamine) (PAMAM) dendrimers (generation: 3.0) by coupling with one-eighth or less of the terminal carboxyl groups. We considered that the phloridzin-derived glucose moiety on the dendrimer surface was prerequisite for SGLT1 inhibition but that the aglycon part was not always required for the inhibition. Commercially used arbutin, a SGLT1 substrate, was substituted for phloridzin whose aglycon is composed of toxic phloretin. The in vitro inhibitory effect of arbutin was about one-thirtieth that of intact phloridzin; however, the inhibitory effect of the PAMAM dendrimer-arbutin conjugates was as strong as that of the PAMAM dendrimer-phloridzin conjugates. Rat experiments further showed that the PAMAM dendrimer-arbutin conjugates significantly suppressed d-glucose-induced hyperglycemic effects. The dendritic conjugate bearing arbutin appears to be a good candidate as an oral anti-diabetic drug.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shinji Sakuma
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Setsunan University, Osaka, Japan.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
31
|
Kotagale N, Maniyar M, Somvanshi S, Umekar M, Patel CJ. Eudragit-S, Eudragit-L and cellulose acetate phthalate coated polysaccharide tablets for colonic targeted delivery of azathioprine. Pharm Dev Technol 2010; 15:431-7. [DOI: 10.3109/10837450903264401] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
|
32
|
Sakuma S, Yano T, Masaoka Y, Kataoka M, Hiwatari KI, Tachikawa H, Shoji Y, Kimura R, Ma H, Yang Z, Tang L, Hoffman RM, Yamashita S. Detection of early colorectal cancer imaged with peanut agglutinin-immobilized fluorescent nanospheres having surface poly(N-vinylacetamide) chains. Eur J Pharm Biopharm 2010; 74:451-60. [PMID: 20060903 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejpb.2010.01.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2009] [Revised: 11/26/2009] [Accepted: 01/05/2010] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Peanut agglutinin (PNA)-immobilized fluorescent nanospheres were designed as a novel imaging agent for colonoscopy. PNA is a targeting moiety that binds to beta-D-galactosyl-(1-3)-N-acetyl-D-galactosamine, which is the terminal sugar of the Thomsen-Friedenreich antigen that is specifically expressed on the mucosal side of colorectal cancer cells. The in vivo performance of the imaging agent was evaluated using a human colorectal cancer orthotopic animal model. Human colorectal adenocarcinoma cell lines, HT-29, HCT-116, and LS174T, were implanted on the cecal serosa of immune-deficient mice. A loop of the tumor-bearing cecum was made, and the luminal side was treated with the imaging agent. Strong fluorescence was observed at several sites of the cecal mucosa, irrespective of cancer cell type. Microscopic histological evaluation of the cecal mucosa revealed that bright areas with fluorescence derived from the imaging agent and dark areas without the fluorescence well denoted the presence and absence, respectively, of the invasion of implanted cancer cells on the mucosal side. This good correlation showed that PNA-immobilized fluorescent nanospheres recognized millimeter-sized tumors on the cecal mucosa with high affinity and specificity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shinji Sakuma
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Setsunan University, Osaka, Japan.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
33
|
Kopeček J, Kopečková P. HPMA copolymers: origins, early developments, present, and future. Adv Drug Deliv Rev 2010; 62:122-49. [PMID: 19919846 DOI: 10.1016/j.addr.2009.10.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 443] [Impact Index Per Article: 31.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2009] [Revised: 10/16/2009] [Accepted: 10/21/2009] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
The overview covers the discovery of N-(2-hydroxypropyl)methacrylamide (HPMA) copolymers, initial studies on their synthesis, evaluation of biological properties, and explorations of their potential as carriers of biologically active compounds in general and anticancer drugs in particular. The focus is on the research in the authors' laboratory - the development of macromolecular therapeutics for the treatment of cancer and musculoskeletal diseases. In addition, the evaluation of HPMA (co)polymers as building blocks of modified and new biomaterials is presented: the utilization of semitelechelic poly(HPMA) and HPMA copolymers for the modification of biomaterial and protein surfaces and the design of hybrid block and graft HPMA copolymers that self-assemble into smart hydrogels. Finally, suggestions for the design of second-generation macromolecular therapeutics are portrayed.
Collapse
|
34
|
Jung Y, Kim YM. What should be considered on design of a colon-specific prodrug? Expert Opin Drug Deliv 2010; 7:245-58. [DOI: 10.1517/17425240903490401] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
|
35
|
Gao SQ, Sun Y, Kopecková P, Peterson CM, Kopecek J. Antitumor efficacy of colon-specific HPMA copolymer/9-aminocamptothecin conjugates in mice bearing human-colon carcinoma xenografts. Macromol Biosci 2010; 9:1135-42. [PMID: 19685500 DOI: 10.1002/mabi.200900147] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
The antitumor activity of a colon-specific N-(2-hydroxypropyl)methacrylamide (HPMA) copolymer - 9-aminocamptothecin (9-AC) conjugate (P-9-AC) was assessed in orthotopic and subcutaneous animal (HT29 xenograft) tumor models. P-9-AC treatment of mice bearing orthotopic colon tumors, with a dose of 3 mg/kg of 9-AC equivalent every other day for 6 weeks, resulted in regression of tumors in 9 of 10 mice. A lower dose of P-9-AC (1.25 mg/kg of 9-AC equivalent) every other day for 8 weeks inhibited subcutaneous tumor growth in all mice. No liver metastases were observed. Colon-specific release of 9-AC from polymer conjugates enhanced antitumor activity and minimized the systemic toxicity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Song-Qi Gao
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Pharmaceutical Chemistry/CCCD, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah 84112, USA
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
36
|
Saphier S, Rosner A, Brandeis R, Karton Y. Gastro intestinal tracking and gastric emptying of solid dosage forms in rats using X-ray imaging. Int J Pharm 2010; 388:190-5. [PMID: 20079410 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2010.01.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2009] [Revised: 12/28/2009] [Accepted: 01/06/2010] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
The aim of this research was to study the gastrointestinal transit and gastric emptying of non-disintegrating solid dosage forms in rats using X-ray imaging. Commercial gelatin minicapsules were filled with barium sulfate and enterically coated using Eudragit S100. The capsules were administered orally to rats followed by a solution of iodine based contrast agent iopromide. Images were obtained using a standard X-ray camera and digital film processing. Capsules were followed through the GI tract from the stomach to the small intestine, cecum and large intestine and the capsule location could be easily identified. Gastric emptying of different sized capsules was studied. The effect of fasting and time of administration on gastric retention was also studied. It was found that shortened capsules of 3.5 and 4.8mm length were emptied from the stomach whereas the commercial length 7.18mm capsules were retained. Surprisingly, 2.5h post administration more rats retained the capsules in the stomach in the fasted state than in the fed state. We found that X-ray imaging can be used for simple visualization and localization of solid dosage forms in rats in the fed state using shortened commercial minicapsules on rats.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sigal Saphier
- The Department of Organic Chemistry, Israel Institute for Biological Research, Ness-Ziona, Israel.
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
37
|
Sakuma S, Sagawa T, Masaoka Y, Kataoka M, Yamashita S, Shirasaka Y, Tamai I, Ikumi Y, Kida T, Akashi M. Stabilization of enzyme-susceptible glucoside bonds of phloridzin through conjugation with poly(γ-glutamic acid). J Control Release 2009; 133:125-31. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2008.09.087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2008] [Revised: 09/22/2008] [Accepted: 09/28/2008] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
|
38
|
Sakuma S, Yano T, Masaoka Y, Kataoka M, Hiwatari KI, Tachikawa H, Shoji Y, Kimura R, Ma H, Yang Z, Tang L, Hoffman RM, Yamashita S. In vitro/in vivo biorecognition of lectin-immobilized fluorescent nanospheres for human colorectal cancer cells. J Control Release 2008; 134:2-10. [PMID: 19014984 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2008.10.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2008] [Revised: 10/17/2008] [Accepted: 10/18/2008] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
Peanut agglutinin (PNA)-immobilized polystyrene nanospheres with surface poly(N-vinylacetamide) (PNVA) chains encapsulating coumarin 6 were designed as a novel colonoscopic imaging agent. PNA was a targeting moiety that binds to beta-D-galactosyl-(1-3)-N-acetyl-D-galactosamine, which is the terminal sugar of the Thomsen-Friedenreich antigen that is specifically expressed on the mucosal side of colorectal cancer cells. PNVA was immobilized with the aim of reducing nonspecific interactions between imaging agents and normal tissues. Coumarin 6 was encapsulated into nanosphere cores to provide endoscopically detectable fluorescence intensity. After incubation of imaging agents with human cells, the fluorescence intensity of imaging agent-bound cells was estimated quantitatively. The average fluorescence intensity of any type of colorectal cancer cell used in this study was higher than that of small intestinal epithelial cells that had not exposed the carbohydrate. The in vivo performance of imaging agents was subsequently evaluated using a human colorectal cancer orthotopic animal model. Imaging agent-derived strong fluorescence was observed at several sites of the large intestinal mucosa in the tumor-implanted nude mice after the luminal side of the colonic loop was contacted with imaging agents. In contrast, when mice that did not undergo tumor implantation were used, the fluorescence intensity on the mucosal surface was extremely low. Data indicated that imaging agents bound to colorectal cancer cells and the cancer cell-derived tumors with high affinity and specificity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shinji Sakuma
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Setsunan University, 45-1 Nagaotoge-cho, Hirakata, Osaka 573-0101, Japan.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
39
|
Poly(ethylene glycol)-mesalazine conjugate for colon specific delivery. Int J Pharm 2008; 368:171-7. [PMID: 18996458 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2008.09.058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2008] [Revised: 09/25/2008] [Accepted: 09/26/2008] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
Chronic inflammatory bowel diseases (IBDs) are still waiting for improved and innovative therapeutic treatments, which can overcome the limits of the current approaches. Since IBDs affect mainly the lower tract of the intestine, a localized therapy in the colon tract will avoid most of the problems caused by systemic or poor selective therapies. Particularly promising are the advance drug delivery systems that can reach specific colon delivery, thus guaranteeing active agent release only at the site of action. This approach can meet two aims at the same time, first of all the drug will not affect healthy tissue and second a lower drug dose may be used because all the administered active agent will reach the target. To obtain a specific colon delivery we exploited the azoreductase enzymes, selectively present only in colon, by inserting an azo linker between a selected drug and a macromolecular carrier. The drug employed is mesalazine, a well know and used agent against IBDs. Poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG), of different molecular weights and structures, was used as carrier. Three different conjugates were synthesized and characterized, and the most promising one, with highest drug loading thanks to the use of diamino PEG of 4 kDa, was further investigated in vitro on mouse colonic epithelial cells (CMT-9) and in vivo on model mice with induced colitis. The data presented here demonstrate that PEG conjugation of mesalazine prevents drug release and absorption in upper intestine, after oral administration of the conjugates, and that the azo linker ensures a good drug release in the colon tract. The results in vivo take into consideration mice bodyweight gain, tissue histology and interleukin-2 beta as an index of inflammation. These parameters, all together, demonstrated the conjugate effectiveness against the controls.
Collapse
|
40
|
Hiwatari KI, Sakuma S, Iwata K, Masaoka Y, Kataoka M, Tachikawa H, Shoji Y, Yamashita S. Poly(N-vinylacetamide) chains enhance lectin-induced biorecognition through the reduction of nonspecific interactions with nontargets. Eur J Pharm Biopharm 2008; 70:453-61. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejpb.2008.04.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2007] [Revised: 03/14/2008] [Accepted: 04/03/2008] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
|
41
|
Tanno FK, Sakuma S, Masaoka Y, Kataoka M, Kozaki T, Kamaguchi R, Ikeda Y, Kokubo H, Yamashita S. Site‐Specific Drug Delivery to the Middle Region of the Small Intestine by Application of Enteric Coating with Hypromellose Acetate Succinate (HPMCAS). J Pharm Sci 2008; 97:2665-79. [PMID: 17828736 DOI: 10.1002/jps.21172] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Enteric coatings that deliver drugs to specific regions of the small intestine were examined. Hypromellose acetate succinate (HPMCAS) with different values of succinoyl group contents was used. Decreasing the succinoyl group content resulted in an increase in the pH at which HPMCAS started to dissolve. Drug-containing granules with or without enteric coating were prepared and their in vitro dissolution in a simulated intestinal fluid of pH 6.8 was examined. Granules coated with HPMCAS having the succinoyl group content of 6.2% showed a lag time of about 30 min, although drug release from granules without coating was completed within 20 min. The time lag and dissolution rate were extended and reduced, respectively, as the succinoyl group content was decreased. Rat experiments indicated that enteric-coated granules disintegrated and the bulk of the drugs was immediately released when the granules reached a specific site of the small intestine where the pH corresponded to the pH at which the enteric coating agent started to dissolve. Similar results were observed in monkey experiments. It was suggested that HPMCAS with the succinoyl group content of about 5% was suitable as an enteric coating agent for delivering drugs to the middle-to-lower region of the small intestine.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Fumié K Tanno
- Specialty Chemicals Research Center, Shin-Etsu Chemical Co, Ltd, 28-1, Nishifukushima, Joetsu, Niigata, Japan
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
42
|
Lai J, Tu K, Wang H, Chen Z, Wang LQ. Degradability of the linear azo polymer conjugated 5,5′-azodisalicylic acid segment in the main chain for colon-specific drug delivery. J Appl Polym Sci 2008. [DOI: 10.1002/app.27741] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
|
43
|
Pan H, Kopecek J. Multifunctional Water-Soluble Polymers for Drug Delivery. MULTIFUNCTIONAL PHARMACEUTICAL NANOCARRIERS 2008. [DOI: 10.1007/978-0-387-76554-9_4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
|
44
|
Gao SQ, Sun Y, Kopečková P, Peterson CM, Kopeček J. Pharmacokinetic modeling of absorption behavior of 9-aminocamptothecin (9-AC) released from colon-specific HPMA copolymer-9-AC conjugate in rats. Pharm Res 2008; 25:218-26. [PMID: 17929146 PMCID: PMC3136142 DOI: 10.1007/s11095-007-9465-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2007] [Accepted: 10/01/2007] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE To quantitate and predict colon-specific 9-aminocamptothecin (9-AC) release from the N-(2-hydroxypropyl)methacrylamide (HPMA) copolymer-9-AC conjugate and its absorption behavior after oral administration in rats. METHODS Drug distribution in the gastrointestinal (GI) tract and the plasma concentration-time profile of 9-AC released from the HPMA copolymer conjugate were predicted using the degradation, transit, and absorption rate constants in cecum. The fate of 9-AC in cecum and liver was measured by in-situ cecum absorption and liver perfusion. RESULTS Following oral administration of the conjugate, 9-AC was released rapidly in cecum. Based on the pharmacokinetic model, up to 60% of the dose was in the cecum at ~6 h, and 7% of the dose still remained there at 24 h. The predicted plasma concentration curve for released 9-AC after an oral dose of 3 mg/kg of 9-AC equivalent increased gradually and reached a peak of 98 nM at 7 h, then started decreasing slowly to 16 nM at 24 h. The bioavailability value was estimated as 0.31 after the first-pass elimination. CONCLUSIONS A pharmacokinetic model delineated the impact of GI transit, drug absorption rate, and first-pass metabolism on drug disposition following oral administration of HPMA copolymer-9-AC conjugate in rats.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Song-Qi Gao
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Pharmaceutical Chemistry/CCCD, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah 84112, USA
| | - Yongen Sun
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah 84112, USA
| | - Pavla Kopečková
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Pharmaceutical Chemistry/CCCD, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah 84112, USA
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah 84112, USA
| | - C. Matthew Peterson
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah 84112, USA
| | - Jindřich Kopeček
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Pharmaceutical Chemistry/CCCD, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah 84112, USA
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah 84112, USA
| |
Collapse
|
45
|
Roldo M, Barbu E, Brown JF, Laight DW, Smart JD, Tsibouklis J. Azo compounds in colon-specific drug delivery. Expert Opin Drug Deliv 2007; 4:547-60. [PMID: 17880276 DOI: 10.1517/17425247.4.5.547] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
Azo compounds have the potential to act as drug carriers that facilitate the selective release of therapeutic agents to the colon, and also to effect the oral administration of those macromolecular drugs that require colon-specific drug delivery. With some further research-driven refinements, these materials may lead to more efficient treatments for local conditions, such as colonic cancer or inflammatory bowel disease. This article provides an overview of the azo-based systems developed to date, identifies the requirements for an ideal carrier, and highlights the directions for further developments in the field of azo group-facilitated colonic delivery.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Marta Roldo
- University of Portsmouth, School of Pharmacy and Biomedical Sciences, St Michael's Building, White Swan Road, Portsmouth PO1 2DT, UK
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
46
|
Polymer-phloridzin conjugates as an anti-diabetic drug that inhibits glucose absorption through the Na+/glucose cotransporter (SGLT1) in the small intestine. J Control Release 2007; 125:42-9. [PMID: 18006167 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2007.10.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2007] [Revised: 10/02/2007] [Accepted: 10/08/2007] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Poly(gamma-glutamic acid)s (gamma-PGA) modified with phloridzin, which is an inhibitor of the Na(+)/glucose cotransporter (SGLT1), via a omega-amino triethylene glycol linker were synthesized. The potential of gamma-PGA-phloridzin conjugates (PGA-PRZs) obtained as a novel oral anti-diabetic drug was examined by in vitro and in vivo experiments. A PGA-PRZ with a 15% phloridzin content inhibited glucose transport from mucosal to serosal sides of the everted rat's small intestine, and its inhibitory effect was as strong as that of intact phloridzin. When the PGA-PRZ was given orally to rats before glucose administration, the glucose-induced hyperglycemic effect was significantly suppressed. On the other hand, reduction of an increase in the blood glucose concentration was scarcely observed when the PGA-PRZ was substituted with a double amount of intact phloridzin. This difference in the biological activity between PGA-PRZ and intact phloridzin might have resulted from the improved stability of a glucoside bond of phloridzin through the conjugation with gamma-PGA. These results suggest that the gamma-PGA-phloridzin conjugates have potential as oral anti-diabetic drugs.
Collapse
|
47
|
Haverstick K, Fleming A, Mark Saltzman W. Conjugation to Increase Treatment Volume during Local Therapy: A Case Study with PEGylated Camptothecin. Bioconjug Chem 2007; 18:2115-21. [DOI: 10.1021/bc700214h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Kraig Haverstick
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Cornell University, and Department of Biomedical Engineering, Yale University
| | - Alison Fleming
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Cornell University, and Department of Biomedical Engineering, Yale University
| | - W. Mark Saltzman
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Cornell University, and Department of Biomedical Engineering, Yale University
| |
Collapse
|
48
|
Sakuma S, Matsumoto T, Yamashita S, Wang Y, Lu ZR. Conjugation of poorly absorptive drugs with mucoadhesive polymers for the improvement of oral absorption of drugs. J Control Release 2007; 123:195-202. [PMID: 17888541 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2007.08.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2007] [Revised: 08/02/2007] [Accepted: 08/09/2007] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Mucoadhesive poly(vinylamine) conjugates for improving oral absorption of alendronic acid were designed and prepared. Alendronic acid was conjugated via spacers containing brush border peptidase-susceptible amino acid residues. Alanylalendronic acid and alanylprolylalendronic acid were synthesized as expected substrates against brush border aminopeptidase N and dipeptidyl peptidase IV, respectively. In vitro release profiles of alendronic acid from them during incubation with luminal contents and brush border membrane vehicles of the rat's intestine were examined. The studies indicated that alanylproline was a useful peptide spacer for local release of alendronic acid in brush border membranes. We subsequently designed and prepared poly(vinylamine)-alendronic acid conjugates with succinoylglycylglycylphenylalanylalanylproline spacers, in consideration of steric hindrance of polymer chains on cleavability of the spacers and the substrate specificity of dipeptidyl peptidase IV. Oral absorption of alendronic acid after administration of the conjugates was compared with that of free alendronic acid in rats. Conjugation successfully resulted in a 2.5-fold increase in the oral absorption with statistical significance. This novel approach has a potential to improve oral absorption of drugs with poorly absorptive properties caused by low membrane permeability.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shinji Sakuma
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Setsunan University, 45-1, Nagaotoge-cho, Hirakata, Osaka 573-0101, Japan.
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
49
|
Sakuma S, Sudo R, Suzuki N, Kikuchi H, Takamori H, Sato T, Minamitake Y, Hayashi Y, Sugita O, Hiwatari K, Kishida A, Akashi M. Human Calcitonin Delivered Orally by Means of Nanoparticles Composed of Novel Graft Copolymers. J DISPER SCI TECHNOL 2007. [DOI: 10.1081/dis-120021819] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Shinji Sakuma
- a Drug Metabolism and Physicochemical Property Research Laboratory , Daiichi Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd. , Tokyo , 134‐8630 , Japan
| | - Rika Sudo
- a Drug Metabolism and Physicochemical Property Research Laboratory , Daiichi Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd. , Tokyo , 134‐8630 , Japan
| | - Norio Suzuki
- a Drug Metabolism and Physicochemical Property Research Laboratory , Daiichi Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd. , Tokyo , 134‐8630 , Japan
| | - Hiroshi Kikuchi
- a Drug Metabolism and Physicochemical Property Research Laboratory , Daiichi Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd. , Tokyo , 134‐8630 , Japan
| | - Hideo Takamori
- b New Product Research Laboratory III , Daiichi Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd. , Tokyo , Japan
| | - Toshiyuki Sato
- b New Product Research Laboratory III , Daiichi Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd. , Tokyo , Japan
| | | | - Yujiro Hayashi
- c Bio‐Pharma. Tech. Center , Suntory Ltd. , Gunma , Japan
| | - Osamu Sugita
- c Bio‐Pharma. Tech. Center , Suntory Ltd. , Gunma , Japan
| | - Ken‐ichiro Hiwatari
- d Department of Applied Chemistry and Chemical Engineering , Faculty of Engineering , Kagoshima University , Kagoshima , Japan
| | - Akio Kishida
- d Department of Applied Chemistry and Chemical Engineering , Faculty of Engineering , Kagoshima University , Kagoshima , Japan
- e Department of Biological Engineering , National Cardiovascular Center Research Institute , Osaka , 565‐8565 , Japan
| | - Mitsuru Akashi
- d Department of Applied Chemistry and Chemical Engineering , Faculty of Engineering , Kagoshima University , Kagoshima , Japan
| |
Collapse
|
50
|
Gao SQ, Lu ZR, Kopečková P, Kopeček J. Biodistribution and pharmacokinetics of colon-specific HPMA copolymer--9-aminocamptothecin conjugate in mice. J Control Release 2006; 117:179-85. [PMID: 17150276 PMCID: PMC1839958 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2006.10.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2006] [Revised: 10/13/2006] [Accepted: 10/20/2006] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
A water soluble N-(2-hydroxypropyl)methacrylamide (HPMA) copolymer-9-aminocamptothecin (9-AC) conjugate was designed for oral colon-specific drug delivery in the treatment of colon cancer. Comparative studies between the polymer conjugate and free drug have been performed to assess their biodistribution and pharmacokinetics in mice. After oral administration of equal doses of the polymer conjugate or free 9-AC, the drug concentrations in major organs at fixed time points were determined using an HPLC-fluorescence assay. Only 2+/-1% of 9-AC released from the polymer conjugate was detected in the small intestine (SI), and the mean peak concentration of free 9-AC was 45-fold higher than that from released drug. Colon-specific release of 9-AC produced high local concentrations. The mean peak concentration of released 9-AC in cecal contents, feces, cecal tissue, and colon tissue were, respectively, 3.2-fold, 3.5-fold, 2.2-fold and 1.6-fold higher than that using free 9-AC. In plasma, the high and sharp drug concentration profile from free drug was in contrast to the relatively low and flat pharmacokinetic profile obtained from drug released from the HPMA copolymer. There was no significant difference between released and free drug for the area under the concentration-time curve (AUC) and bioavailability values. As a consequence of the colon-specific release of unmodified 9-AC from the polymer conjugate, antitumor efficacy can be anticipated to be enhanced due to prolonged colon tumor exposure to higher and more localized drug concentrations.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Song-Qi Gao
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Pharmaceutical Chemistry/CCCD, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah 84112, U.S.A
| | - Zheng-Rong Lu
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Pharmaceutical Chemistry/CCCD, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah 84112, U.S.A
| | - Pavla Kopečková
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Pharmaceutical Chemistry/CCCD, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah 84112, U.S.A
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah 84112, U.S.A
| | - Jindřich Kopeček
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Pharmaceutical Chemistry/CCCD, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah 84112, U.S.A
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah 84112, U.S.A
- *Corresponding author. Tel. +801 581 7211; fax: +801 581 7848. E-mail address:
| |
Collapse
|