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Mao TH, Huang HQ, Zhang CH. Clinical characteristics and treatment compounds of obesity-related kidney injury. World J Diabetes 2024; 15:1091-1110. [PMID: 38983811 PMCID: PMC11229974 DOI: 10.4239/wjd.v15.i6.1091] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2023] [Revised: 12/22/2023] [Accepted: 04/08/2024] [Indexed: 06/11/2024] Open
Abstract
Disorders in energy homeostasis can lead to various metabolic diseases, particularly obesity. The obesity epidemic has led to an increased incidence of obesity-related nephropathy (ORN), a distinct entity characterized by proteinuria, glomerulomegaly, progressive glomerulosclerosis, and renal function decline. Obesity and its associated renal damage are common in clinical practice, and their incidence is increasing and attracting great attention. There is a great need to identify safe and effective therapeutic modalities, and therapeutics using chemical compounds and natural products are receiving increasing attention. However, the summary is lacking about the specific effects and mechanisms of action of compounds in the treatment of ORN. In this review, we summarize the important clinical features and compound treatment strategies for obesity and obesity-induced kidney injury. We also summarize the pathologic and clinical features of ORN as well as its pathogenesis and potential therapeutics targeting renal inflammation, oxidative stress, insulin resistance, fibrosis, kidney lipid accumulation, and dysregulated autophagy. In addition, detailed information on natural and synthetic compounds used for the treatment of obesity-related kidney disease is summarized. The synthesis of detailed information aims to contribute to a deeper understanding of the clinical treatment modalities for obesity-related kidney diseases, fostering the anticipation of novel insights in this domain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tuo-Hua Mao
- Department of Endocrinology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430060, Hubei Province, China
| | - Han-Qi Huang
- Department of Endocrinology, Hubei No. 3 People’s Hospital of Jianghan University, Wuhan 430033, Hubei Province, China
| | - Chuan-Hai Zhang
- Department of Physiology, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, United States
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2
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Prete V, Abate AC, Di Pietro P, De Lucia M, Vecchione C, Carrizzo A. Beneficial Effects of Spirulina Supplementation in the Management of Cardiovascular Diseases. Nutrients 2024; 16:642. [PMID: 38474769 DOI: 10.3390/nu16050642] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2024] [Revised: 02/20/2024] [Accepted: 02/23/2024] [Indexed: 03/14/2024] Open
Abstract
In recent decades, as a result of rising mortality rates due to cardiovascular diseases (CVDs), there has been a growing urgency to find alternative approaches to conventional pharmaceutical treatment to prevent the onset of chronic diseases. Arthrospira platensis, commonly known as Spirulina, is a blue-green cyanobacterium, classified as a "superfood", used worldwide as a nutraceutical food supplement due to its remarkable nutritional value, lack of toxicity, and therapeutic effects. Several scientific studies have evaluated the cardioprotective role of Spirulina. This article presents a comprehensive review of the therapeutic benefits of Spirulina in improving cardio- and cerebrovascular health. It focuses on the latest experimental and clinical findings to evaluate its antihypertensive, antidiabetic, and antihyperlipidemic properties. The objective is to highlight its potential in preventing and managing risk factors associated with cardiovascular disease (CVD).
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Affiliation(s)
- Valeria Prete
- Department of Medicine, Surgery and Dentistry "Scuola Medica Salernitana", University of Salerno, 84081 Baronissi, Italy
| | - Angela Carmelita Abate
- Department of Medicine, Surgery and Dentistry "Scuola Medica Salernitana", University of Salerno, 84081 Baronissi, Italy
| | - Paola Di Pietro
- Department of Medicine, Surgery and Dentistry "Scuola Medica Salernitana", University of Salerno, 84081 Baronissi, Italy
| | | | - Carmine Vecchione
- Department of Medicine, Surgery and Dentistry "Scuola Medica Salernitana", University of Salerno, 84081 Baronissi, Italy
- Vascular Physiopathology Unit, IRCCS Neuromed, 86077 Pozzilli, Italy
| | - Albino Carrizzo
- Department of Medicine, Surgery and Dentistry "Scuola Medica Salernitana", University of Salerno, 84081 Baronissi, Italy
- Vascular Physiopathology Unit, IRCCS Neuromed, 86077 Pozzilli, Italy
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3
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Wang J, Casimiro-Garcia A, Johnson BG, Duffen J, Cain M, Savary L, Wang S, Nambiar P, Lech M, Zhao S, Xi L, Zhan Y, Olson J, Stejskal JA, Lin H, Zhang B, Martinez RV, Masek-Hammerman K, Schlerman FJ, Dower K. A protein kinase C α and β inhibitor blunts hyperphagia to halt renal function decline and reduces adiposity in a rat model of obesity-driven type 2 diabetes. Sci Rep 2023; 13:16919. [PMID: 37805649 PMCID: PMC10560236 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-43759-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2022] [Accepted: 09/28/2023] [Indexed: 10/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Type 2 diabetes (T2D) and its complications can have debilitating, sometimes fatal consequences for afflicted individuals. The disease can be difficult to control, and therapeutic strategies to prevent T2D-induced tissue and organ damage are needed. Here we describe the results of administering a potent and selective inhibitor of Protein Kinase C (PKC) family members PKCα and PKCβ, Cmpd 1, in the ZSF1 obese rat model of hyperphagia-induced, obesity-driven T2D. Although our initial intent was to evaluate the effect of PKCα/β inhibition on renal damage in this model setting, Cmpd 1 unexpectedly caused a marked reduction in the hyperphagic response of ZSF1 obese animals. This halted renal function decline but did so indirectly and indistinguishably from a pair feeding comparator group. However, above and beyond this food intake effect, Cmpd 1 lowered overall animal body weights, reduced liver vacuolation, and reduced inguinal adipose tissue (iWAT) mass, inflammation, and adipocyte size. Taken together, Cmpd 1 had strong effects on multiple disease parameters in this obesity-driven rodent model of T2D. Further evaluation for potential translation of PKCα/β inhibition to T2D and obesity in humans is warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ju Wang
- Inflammation and Immunology, Pfizer Worldwide Research and Development, Cambridge, MA, USA.
| | | | - Bryce G Johnson
- Inflammation and Immunology, Pfizer Worldwide Research and Development, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Jennifer Duffen
- Inflammation and Immunology, Pfizer Worldwide Research and Development, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Michael Cain
- Inflammation and Immunology, Pfizer Worldwide Research and Development, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Mediar Therapeutics, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Leigh Savary
- Inflammation and Immunology, Pfizer Worldwide Research and Development, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Instem Life Science Systems Ltd, Mount Ida College, South Hadley, MA, USA
| | - Stephen Wang
- Pharmacokinetics and Drug Metabolism, Pfizer Worldwide Research and Development, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Novartis Gene Therapies, Novartis Institute for Biomedical Research, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Prashant Nambiar
- Drug Safety Research and Development, Pfizer Worldwide Research and Development, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Strand Therapeutics, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Matthew Lech
- Inflammation and Immunology, Pfizer Worldwide Research and Development, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Shanrong Zhao
- Clinical Genetics and Bioinformatics, Pfizer Worldwide Research and Development, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Amunix Pharmaceuticals, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Li Xi
- Early Clinical Development, Pfizer Worldwide Research and Development, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Yutian Zhan
- Drug Safety Research and Development, Pfizer Worldwide Research and Development, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Jennifer Olson
- Drug Safety Research and Development, Pfizer Worldwide Research and Development, Groton, CT, USA
| | - James A Stejskal
- Drug Safety Research and Development, Pfizer Worldwide Research and Development, Groton, CT, USA
- Charles River Laboratories, Shrewsbury, MA, USA
| | - Hank Lin
- Drug Safety Research and Development, Pfizer Worldwide Research and Development, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Sunovion Pharmaceuticals Inc., Marlborough, MA, USA
| | - Baohong Zhang
- Clinical Genetics and Bioinformatics, Pfizer Worldwide Research and Development, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Data Sciences, Biogen, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Robert V Martinez
- Inflammation and Immunology, Pfizer Worldwide Research and Development, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Center for Technological Innovation, Pfizer Worldwide Research and Development, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | | | - Franklin J Schlerman
- Inflammation and Immunology, Pfizer Worldwide Research and Development, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Ken Dower
- Inflammation and Immunology, Pfizer Worldwide Research and Development, Cambridge, MA, USA.
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4
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Zahran F, Nabil A, Nassr A, Barakat N. Amelioration of exosome and mesenchymal stem cells in rats infected with diabetic nephropathy by attenuating early markers and aquaporin-1 expression. BRAZ J BIOL 2023; 83:e271731. [PMID: 37466513 DOI: 10.1590/1519-6984.271731] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2023] [Accepted: 05/21/2023] [Indexed: 07/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Diabetic nephropathy (DN) is a prevalent diabetic microvascular condition. It is the leading cause of kidney disease in the advanced stages. There is no currently effective treatment available. This research aimed to investigate the curative potentials of exosomes isolated from mesenchymal stem cells affecting DN. This study was performed on 70 male adult albino rats. Adult rats were randomized into seven groups: Group I: Negative control group, Group II: DN group, Group III: Balanites treated group, Group IV: MSCs treated group, Group V: Exosome treated group, Group VI: Balanites + MSCs treated group and Group VII: Balanites + exosome treated group. Following the trial period, blood and renal tissues were subjected to biochemical, gene expression analyses, and histopathological examinations. Results showed that MDA was substantially increased, whereas TAC was significantly decreased in the kidney in the DN group compared to normal health rats. Undesired elevated values of MDA levels and a decrease in TAC were substantially ameliorated in groups co-administered Balanites aegyptiacae with MSCs or exosomes compared to the DN group. A substantial elevation in TNF-α and substantially diminished concentration of IGF-1 were noticed in DN rats compared to normal health rats. Compared to the DN group, the co-administration of Balanites aegyptiacae with MSCs or exosomes substantially improved the undesirable elevated values of TNF-α and IGF-1. Furthermore, in the DN group, the mRNA expression of Vanin-1, Nephrin, and collagen IV was significantly higher than in normal healthy rats. Compared with DN rats, Vanin-1, Nephrin, and collagen IV Upregulation were substantially reduced in groups co-administered Balanites aegyptiacae with MSCs or exosomes. In DN rats, AQP1 expression was significantly lower than in normal healthy rats. Furthermore, the groups co-administered Balanites aegyptiacae with MSCs or exosomes demonstrated a substantial increase in AQP1 mRNA expression compared to DN rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- F Zahran
- Zagazig University, Faculty of Science, Chemistry Department, Biochemistry Division, Zagazig, Egypt
| | - A Nabil
- Beni-Suef University, Faculty of Postgraduate Studies for Advanced Sciences - PSAS, Biotechnology and Life Sciences Department, Beni-Suef, Egypt
| | - A Nassr
- Zagazig University, Faculty of Science, Chemistry Department, Biochemistry Division, Zagazig, Egypt
| | - N Barakat
- Mansoura University, Urology and Nephrology Center, Mansoura, Egypt
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Sun Y, Jin D, Zhang Z, Zhang Y, Zhang Y, Kang X, Jiang L, Tong X, Lian F. Effects of antioxidants on diabetic kidney diseases: mechanistic interpretations and clinical assessment. Chin Med 2023; 18:3. [PMID: 36624538 PMCID: PMC9827645 DOI: 10.1186/s13020-022-00700-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2022] [Accepted: 12/09/2022] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Diabetic kidney disease (DKD) is more prevalent with an increase in diabetes mellitus. Oxidative stress is a major factor in the occurrence and progression of DKD. Defending against oxidative stress and restoring antioxidant defense might be key to preventing and treating DKD. The purpose of this article is to provide an explanation of how oxidative stress affects DKD, conduct a systematic review and meta-analysis on DKD, and examine the effect of antioxidants on the disease. An analysis of 19 randomized controlled trials showed that the use of antioxidants could reduce UAE (albumin excretion rate) in patients with DKD (SMD: - 0.31; 95% CI [- 0.47, - 0.14], I2 = 0%), UACR (urine albumin/creatinine ratio) (SMD: - 0.60; 95% CI [- 1.15, - 0.06], I2 = 89%), glycosylated hemoglobin (hbA1c) (MD: - 0.61; 95% CI [- 1.00, - 0.21], I2 = 93%) and MDA (malonaldehyde) (SMD:-1.05; 95% CI [- 1.87, - 0.23], I2 = 94%), suggesting that antioxidants seemed to have therapeutic effects in patients with DKD, especially in reducing proteinuria and hbA1c. The purpose of this study is to provide new targets and ideas for drug research and clinical treatment of DKD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuting Sun
- grid.464297.aGuang’anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beixiange 5, Xicheng District, Beijing, 100053 China
| | - De Jin
- grid.469513.c0000 0004 1764 518XHangzhou Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Ziwei Zhang
- grid.440665.50000 0004 1757 641XCollege of Chinese Medicine, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, ChangchunJilin, 130117 China
| | - Yuehong Zhang
- grid.464297.aGuang’anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beixiange 5, Xicheng District, Beijing, 100053 China
| | - Yuqing Zhang
- grid.464297.aGuang’anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beixiange 5, Xicheng District, Beijing, 100053 China
| | - Xiaomin Kang
- grid.464297.aGuang’anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beixiange 5, Xicheng District, Beijing, 100053 China
| | - Linlin Jiang
- grid.464297.aGuang’anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beixiange 5, Xicheng District, Beijing, 100053 China
| | - Xiaolin Tong
- grid.464297.aInstitute of Metabolic Diseases, Guang’anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Fengmei Lian
- grid.464297.aGuang’anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beixiange 5, Xicheng District, Beijing, 100053 China
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6
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Meng X, Chen XZ, Sun JY, Zhang Y, Jiang LS, Wang J. Exploring the Oxidative Stress Regulation of Mice with Hyperglycemia by Lactiplantibacillus plantarum SCS4. Curr Microbiol 2022; 79:319. [PMID: 36121514 DOI: 10.1007/s00284-022-03008-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2022] [Accepted: 08/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of Lactiplantibacillus plantarum SCS4 (L. plantarum SCS4) on oxidative stress in streptozocin-induced hyperglycemic mice. After establishment of the hyperglycemic model, control group mice were gavaged daily with phosphate-buffered saline, while different experimental groups (AG, BG, and CG) mice were gavaged with L. plantarum SCS4 suspension, cellular inclusion suspension, and inactivated inclusion suspension for 10 weeks, respectively. Compared with the model group (MG) group, the results showed that fasting blood glucose levels in BG and CG groups decreased, and postprandial 2-h blood glucose levels in BG groups decreased, whereas glucose tolerance improved. Meanwhile, ROS and MDA levels in serum of AG mice were decreased significantly (P < 0.05). Compared with the MG group, serum levels of GPx, HO-1, and NQO1 were increased in the BG group, whereas serum levels of CAT, HO-1, and GSH were increased in the CG group. Our results indicate that L. plantarum SCS4 can alleviate oxidative stress induced by hyperglycemia, and there may be synergistic effects among the different treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao Meng
- Institute of Public Health, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 611137, China
| | - Xin-Zhi Chen
- Institute of Public Health, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 611137, China
| | - Jia-Yi Sun
- Innovative Institute of Chinese Medicine and Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Ying Zhang
- Institute of Public Health, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 611137, China
| | - Li-Shi Jiang
- Institute of Public Health, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 611137, China.
| | - Juan Wang
- Institute of Public Health, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 611137, China.
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7
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Wu Y, Liu F. Aspartate aminotransferase to alanine aminotransferase ratio and the risk of diabetic nephropathy progression in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus: A biopsy-based study. J Diabetes Complications 2022; 36:108235. [PMID: 35853763 DOI: 10.1016/j.jdiacomp.2022.108235] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2022] [Revised: 05/17/2022] [Accepted: 06/19/2022] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE To study the relationship between baseline serum aspartate aminotransferase (AST) to alanine aminotransferase (ALT) ratio (AAR) in both clinicopathological features and renal outcome among type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) patients with biopsy-confirmed diabetic nephropathy (DN). METHODS As a retrospective cohort study, we included 253 patients with T2DM and biopsy-confirmed DN. For receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve showed that the optimal cut-off for AAR to predict end stage renal disease (ESRD) was 1.22. So, patients were divided into two groups according to their AAR at the time of renal biopsy: high AAR Group (those with AAR > 1.22); low AAR Group (those with AAR ≤1.22). Association between AAR and clinicopathological features as well as renal outcome were analyzed. RESULTS Patients with higher AAR presented elder, more hypertensive, more insulin use, higher serum cholesterol, more proteinuria and lower estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR). Compared with low AAR group, patients with high AAR had more severe glomerular pathological lesions and interstitial fibrosis and tubular atrophy. For prognostic analysis, high AAR Group was associated with a higher risk of progression to ESRD in univariate analysis. No matter treated with continuous or categorical variate, higher AAR remained an independent predictor for ESRD after adjusted for various confounding factors: gender, age, the duration of diabetes, serum glucose level, hypertension, serum lipid level, smoking, insulin use, eGFR and proteinuria. CONCLUSION High AAR was associated with more severe renal pathologic lesions and worse renal function in patients with T2DM and DN, which might be a novel noninvasive predictor for ESRD. CLINICAL RELEVANCE To our knowledge, there was no biopsy-based cohort study. In our study, high AAR was associated with more severe renal pathologic lesions and worse renal function in patients with T2DM and DN, which might be a novel noninvasive predictor of ESRD for patients with DN.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yucheng Wu
- Division of Nephrology, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China; Laboratory of Diabetic Kidney Disease, Centre of Diabetes and Metabolism Research, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Fang Liu
- Division of Nephrology, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China; Laboratory of Diabetic Kidney Disease, Centre of Diabetes and Metabolism Research, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China.
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Liu Y, Dai W, Ye S. The olive constituent oleuropein exerts nephritic protective effects on diabetic nephropathy in db/db mice. Arch Physiol Biochem 2022; 128:455-462. [PMID: 31755322 DOI: 10.1080/13813455.2019.1691603] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Oleuropein, the most prevalent polyphenol in olives, exerts many positive impacts on human health, including counteracting cancer. However, the effect of oleuropein on diabetic nephropathy (DN) progression remains elusive. METHODS A total of three groups of mice were used in our study. Two groups of db/db mice fed with or without oleuropein. A group of wide-type mice fed with normal diet was used as normal control. After ten weeks of treatment, the body weight, biochemical parameters, oxidative stress markers, inflammatory cytokines levels, and kidney injury status were measured. RESULTS Our results demonstrated that oral administration of oleuropein reduced body weight, alleviated kidney injury, and decreased oxidative stress and inflammatory response in db/db mice. The oleuropein inhibited cell apoptosis via regulation of MAPK signalling pathways and its downstream targets Bax, caspase-3, and Bcl-2 expression. CONCLUSION Oleuropein may server as a favourable additional agent for the treatment of patients with DN.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Liu
- Department of Endocrinology, Anhui Province Hospital Affiliated to Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
- Department of Endocrinology, the Second People's Hospital of Hefei, Hefei, China
| | - Wu Dai
- Department of Endocrinology, the Second People's Hospital of Hefei, Hefei, China
| | - Shandong Ye
- Department of Endocrinology, Anhui Province Hospital Affiliated to Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
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An Update of Anthraquinone Derivatives Emodin, Diacerein, and Catenarin in Diabetes. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2021; 2021:3313419. [PMID: 34589130 PMCID: PMC8476274 DOI: 10.1155/2021/3313419] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2021] [Accepted: 09/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Diabetes is part of metabolic diseases and is characterized by high blood sugar levels over a prolonged period as result of an insulin-deficient production or an inappropriate response to insulin by our cells. This chronic disease was the direct cause of 1.6 million deaths in 2016 as reported by the World Health Organization. Emodin is a natural product and active ingredient of various Chinese herbs with the chemical formula 1,3,8-trihydroxy-6-methylanthraquinone. Diacerein is another naturally occurring anthraquinone (1,8-diacetoxy-3-carboxyanthraquinone) commonly used as commercial drug to treat osteoarthritis. These two anthraquinone derivatives have been shown to exert antidiabetic activities. Emodin seems to enhance the glucose tolerance and insulin sensibility via activation of PPARγ and modulation of metabolic-related genes. Diacerein seems to decrease inflammatory cytokines and increase insulin secretion enhancing insulin sensibility and therefore improving glucose control. Other naturally occurring anthraquinone derivatives, such as catenarin (1,4,6,8-tetrahydroxy-3-methylanthraquinone), have been shown to have antidiabetic activities although few studies have been performed. The synthesis of new emodin derivatives is increasing, but these new molecules have not been tested for diabetes treatment. In the current work, available literature on anthraquinone derivatives' effects in diabetes disease is reviewed. Moreover, we discuss the chemistry, food sources, bioavailability, and toxicity of the naturally occurring anthraquinone with antidiabetic effects.
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Zhang X, Guan T, Yang B, Chi Z, Wan Q, Gu HF. SLC30A7 has anti-oxidant stress effects in high glucose-induced apoptosis via the NFE2L2/HMOX1 signal transduction pathway. Diabetes Res Clin Pract 2021; 172:108445. [PMID: 32949653 DOI: 10.1016/j.diabres.2020.108445] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2020] [Accepted: 09/10/2020] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
AIMS Apoptosis and oxidant stress are known to be involved in the pathogenesis of diabetic kidney disease (DKD). We have previously reported that zinc transporter 7 in SLC30 family (SLC30A7) inhibits apoptosis in rat peritoneal mesothelial cells under high glucose (HG) conditions. In the current study, we aimed to investigate whether SLC30A7 had effect for anti-oxidant stress in renal tubular epithelial cells under HG. METHODS SLC30A7 in HG-induced apoptosis in a normal rat kidney tubular epithelial cell line (NRK-52E cells)/kidneys of STZ-induced diabetic mice was examined and the activity of nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (NFE2L2) was further analyzed by using real time RT-PCR, siRNA and Western blot protocols. RESULTS SLC30A7 was found to be up-regulated, while NFE2L2 was activated in kidneys of STZ-induced diabetic mice and HG-induced apoptosis of NRK-52E cells. Knock-down of SLC30A7 with siRNA protocol resulted in lower intracellular free zinc levels in the cells and decreased zinc distribution in the Golgi apparatus. Furthermore, knock-down of NFE2L2 down-regulated its target HMOX1 gene expression, decreased SLC30A7 activity but increased HG-induced apoptosis. CONCLUSION The current study provides new evidence that SLC30A7 has anti-oxidant stress effects in HG-induced apoptosis via the NFE2L2/HMOX1 signal transduction pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiuli Zhang
- Department of Nephrology, Second People's Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong Province 518000, PR China; Department of Pathophysiology, China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning Province 110001, PR China.
| | - Tingwen Guan
- Department of Pathophysiology, China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning Province 110001, PR China
| | - Boxuan Yang
- Department of Pathophysiology, China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning Province 110001, PR China
| | - Zhihong Chi
- Department of Pathophysiology, China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning Province 110001, PR China
| | - Qijun Wan
- Department of Nephrology, Second People's Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong Province 518000, PR China
| | - Harvest F Gu
- Center for Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medicine and Clinical Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province 210009, PR China.
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11
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Hudlikar RR, Sargsyan D, Li W, Wu R, Zheng M, Kong AN. Epigenomic, Transcriptomic, and Protective Effect of Carotenoid Fucoxanthin in High Glucose-Induced Oxidative Stress in Mes13 Kidney Mesangial Cells. Chem Res Toxicol 2021; 34:713-722. [PMID: 33448797 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrestox.0c00235] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Diabetic nephropathy (DN) is the major cause of kidney related diseases in patients induced by high glucose (HG) affecting around 40% of type 1 and 2 diabetic patients. It is characterized by excessive inflammation inducing factors, reactive oxygen species (ROS) overproduction, and potential epigenomic related changes. Fucoxanthin (FX), a carotenoid found in brown seaweed, has a structure which includes an allenic bond and a 5,6-monoepoxide in the molecule, with strong antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activity. However, understanding of the impact of FX on DN was lacking. In this study we tested the early effects of high glucose (HG) on mouse mesangial kidney Mes13 cells, a potential in vitro cell culture model of DN. Our results show that HG induced oxidative stress on kidney mesangial Mes13 cells, while FX treatment attenuates the oxidative stress by decreasing the ROS, demonstrated by flow cytometry. Next, we utilized next-generation sequencing (NGS) to profile the HG-induced early epigenomic and transcriptomic changes in this in vitro DN model and the protective effects of FX. Differentially expressed genes (DEGs) and differentially methylated regions (DMRs) were analyzed using R software in HG and FX treated groups. Differential regulation of signaling pathways was studied using Reactome Pathway Analysis in the comparison. DEG analysis shows that novel biomarkers with specific pathways, including interleukin regulation, Toll-like receptor pathway, and PKA phosphorylation pathways, were found to be modulated by the FX treatment. TGF β 1i1 (TGFB 1i1), MAP-3-kinase-13(MAP3K13) involved in crucial cellular processes including glucose metabolism, phosphodiesterase regulation was methylated in HG, which was demethylated with FX treatment. Integrated transcriptomic and CpG methylome analysis of DEGs and DMRs revealed that genes like adenylate cyclase (Adcy7), calponin 1 (CNN1), potassium voltage-gated channel interacting protein 2 (KCNIP2), phosphatidylinositol-4-phosphate 5-kinase type 1 β (PIP5K1B), and transmembrane protein with EGF-like and two follistatin-like domains 1 (TMEFF1), which were modulated by FX in HG-exposed Mes13 cells, potentially modulate ion channel transport and glucose metabolism. In summary, our current study shows that novel early epigenomic and transcriptomic biomarkers were altered during the disease progression of HG-induced DN and that FX modified these alterations potentially contributing to the protective effects of mesangial cells from the HG-induced oxidative stress and damage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rasika R Hudlikar
- Center for Phytochemical Epigenome Studies, Ernest Mario School of Pharmacy, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, Piscataway, New Jersey 08854, United States.,Department of Pharmaceutics, Ernest Mario School of Pharmacy, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, Piscataway, New Jersey 08854, United States
| | - Davit Sargsyan
- Center for Phytochemical Epigenome Studies, Ernest Mario School of Pharmacy, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, Piscataway, New Jersey 08854, United States.,Department of Pharmaceutics, Ernest Mario School of Pharmacy, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, Piscataway, New Jersey 08854, United States
| | - Wenji Li
- Center for Phytochemical Epigenome Studies, Ernest Mario School of Pharmacy, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, Piscataway, New Jersey 08854, United States.,Department of Pharmaceutics, Ernest Mario School of Pharmacy, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, Piscataway, New Jersey 08854, United States
| | - Renyi Wu
- Center for Phytochemical Epigenome Studies, Ernest Mario School of Pharmacy, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, Piscataway, New Jersey 08854, United States.,Department of Pharmaceutics, Ernest Mario School of Pharmacy, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, Piscataway, New Jersey 08854, United States
| | - Meinizi Zheng
- Center for Phytochemical Epigenome Studies, Ernest Mario School of Pharmacy, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, Piscataway, New Jersey 08854, United States.,Department of Pharmaceutics, Ernest Mario School of Pharmacy, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, Piscataway, New Jersey 08854, United States
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12
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Maheshwari RA, Parmar GR, Hinsu D, Seth AK, Balaraman R. Novel therapeutic intervention of coenzyme Q10 and its combination with pioglitazone on the mRNA expression level of adipocytokines in diabetic rats. Life Sci 2020; 258:118155. [PMID: 32735887 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2020.118155] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2020] [Revised: 07/15/2020] [Accepted: 07/23/2020] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
AIMS Aim of the present study was to investigate the effect of co-administration coenzyme Q10 and pioglitazone on the mRNA expression of adipocytokines in white adipose tissues of chemically induced type 2 diabetes mellitus in rats. MAIN METHODS Diabetes was induced by administration of streptozotocin (65 mg/kg, i.p.), followed by nicotinamide (110 mg/kg, i.p.) 15 min later. The diabetic rats were treated coenzyme Q10 (Q10, 10 mg/kg, p.o.) or pioglitazone (PIO, 20 mg/kg, p.o.) alone and their combination for four weeks. Biochemical parameters like FBS level, insulin and HbA1c along with tissue levels of MDA, SOD, CAT and GSH were estimated. The mRNA levels of ADIPOQ, RBP4, RETN, IL-6 and TNF-α in White Adipose Tissue (WAT) were measured. KEY FINDINGS Treatment with Q10 + PIO showed a significant reduction in the levels of FBS, HbA1c and a significant increase in insulin levels as compared to normal control group. Additionally, there was a significant change in the levels of biomarkers of oxidative stress after treatment with Q10 + PIO as compared to streptozotocin-nicotinamide group. Treatment with Q10 + PIO also significantly altered the mRNA expression of ADIPOQ, RETN, IL-6 and TNF-α when compared to monotherapy. However, mRNA expression of RBP4 did not alter in Q10 + PIO treated animal as compared to Q10 or PIO alone. SIGNIFICANCE It is concluded that co-administration of Q10 and PIO has been shown the better therapeutic effect on the mRNA expression of adipocytokines and oxidative stress parameters as compared to either Q10 or PIO.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rajesh A Maheshwari
- Department of Pharmacy, Sumandeep Vidyapeeth Deemed to be University, At Post Piparia, Taluka: Waghodia, Dist: Vadodara, Vadodara-391760, Gujarat, India
| | - Ghanshyam R Parmar
- Department of Pharmacy, Sumandeep Vidyapeeth Deemed to be University, At Post Piparia, Taluka: Waghodia, Dist: Vadodara, Vadodara-391760, Gujarat, India.
| | - Denish Hinsu
- Department of Pharmacy, Sumandeep Vidyapeeth Deemed to be University, At Post Piparia, Taluka: Waghodia, Dist: Vadodara, Vadodara-391760, Gujarat, India
| | - Avinash K Seth
- Department of Pharmacy, Sumandeep Vidyapeeth Deemed to be University, At Post Piparia, Taluka: Waghodia, Dist: Vadodara, Vadodara-391760, Gujarat, India
| | - Ramachandran Balaraman
- Department of Pharmacy, Sumandeep Vidyapeeth Deemed to be University, At Post Piparia, Taluka: Waghodia, Dist: Vadodara, Vadodara-391760, Gujarat, India
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13
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Rezq S, Nasr AM, Shaheen A, Elshazly SM. Doxazosin down-regulates sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 and exerts a renoprotective effect in rat models of acute renal injury. Basic Clin Pharmacol Toxicol 2019; 126:413-423. [PMID: 31788938 DOI: 10.1111/bcpt.13371] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2019] [Accepted: 11/25/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 (SGLT2) is known to be involved in the progression of acute renal injury (ARI) and is regulated by different mediators in the kidneys including extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK), hypoxia-inducible factor 1 alpha (HIF1α) and prostaglandin E2 (PGE2). In the present study, we investigated the possible protective effect of doxazosin on renal ischaemia/reperfusion (IR) and glycerol-induced ARI by determining its effect on SGLT2 via modifying ERK-HIF1α pathway and/or PGE2. Rats were divided into control, sham or IR where the rats received the vehicle, doxazosin (8 mg/kg) or the SGLT2 inhibitor, dapagliflozin (10 mg/kg) for 3 days followed by 45 minutes bilateral renal ischaemia then 24 hours reperfusion. Another group of rats received the vehicle, doxazosin or dapagliflozin for three days followed by injection of 50% glycerol (8 mL/kg, IM) or saline. Kidney function tests, systolic blood pressure (SBP), oxidative stress markers (malondialdehyde [MDA] and NADPH oxidase), nitric oxide (NO), inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS), HIF1α, ERK phosphorylation and PGE2 levels were determined. Additionally, renal sections were used for immunological expression of SGLT2. ARI rats showed significantly increased SBP; worsened kidney function tests; increased oxidative stress, iNOS, NO, HIF1α levels; and decreased PGE2 and ERK phosphorylation along with up-regulated SGLT2. Doxazosin treatment protected against the kidney damage and attenuated the associated biochemical changes. Doxazosin has a direct renoprotective effect possibly by down-regulating SGLT2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samar Rezq
- Pharmacology and Toxicology Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt
| | - Ahmed M Nasr
- Pharmacology and Toxicology Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Egyptian Russian University, Badr City, Egypt
| | - Aya Shaheen
- Pharmacology and Toxicology Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Egyptian Russian University, Badr City, Egypt
| | - Shimaa M Elshazly
- Pharmacology and Toxicology Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt
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14
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Sun HJ, Wu ZY, Cao L, Zhu MY, Liu TT, Guo L, Lin Y, Nie XW, Bian JS. Hydrogen Sulfide: Recent Progression and Perspectives for the Treatment of Diabetic Nephropathy. Molecules 2019; 24:molecules24152857. [PMID: 31390847 PMCID: PMC6696501 DOI: 10.3390/molecules24152857] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2019] [Revised: 07/29/2019] [Accepted: 08/05/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Diabetic kidney disease develops in approximately 40% of diabetic patients and is a major cause of chronic kidney diseases (CKD) and end stage kidney disease (ESKD) worldwide. Hydrogen sulfide (H2S), the third gasotransmitter after nitric oxide (NO) and carbon monoxide (CO), is synthesized in nearly all organs, including the kidney. Though studies on H2S regulation of renal physiology and pathophysiology are still in its infancy, emerging evidence shows that H2S production by renal cells is reduced under disease states and H2S donors ameliorate kidney injury. Specifically, aberrant H2S level is implicated in various renal pathological conditions including diabetic nephropathy. This review presents the roles of H2S in diabetic renal disease and the underlying mechanisms for the protective effects of H2S against diabetic renal damage. H2S may serve as fundamental strategies to treat diabetic kidney disease. These H2S treatment modalities include precursors for H2S synthesis, H2S donors, and natural plant-derived compounds. Despite accumulating evidence from experimental studies suggests the potential role of the H2S signaling pathway in the treatment of diabetic nephropathy, these results need further clinical translation. Expanding understanding of H2S in the kidney may be vital to translate H2S to be a novel therapy for diabetic renal disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hai-Jian Sun
- Department of Pharmacology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117597, Singapore
| | - Zhi-Yuan Wu
- Department of Pharmacology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117597, Singapore
| | - Lei Cao
- Department of Pharmacology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117597, Singapore
| | - Meng-Yuan Zhu
- Department of Pharmacology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117597, Singapore
| | - Teng-Teng Liu
- Department of Pharmacology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117597, Singapore
| | - Lei Guo
- Department of Pharmacology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117597, Singapore
| | - Ye Lin
- School of Pharmaceutical Engineering and Life Science, Changzhou University, Changzhou 213164, China
| | - Xiao-Wei Nie
- Department of Pharmacology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117597, Singapore
| | - Jin-Song Bian
- Department of Pharmacology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117597, Singapore.
- National University of Singapore (Suzhou) Research Institute, Suzhou 215000, China.
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15
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Ni Z, Guo L, Liu F, Olatunji OJ, Yin M. Allium tuberosum alleviates diabetic nephropathy by supressing hyperglycemia-induced oxidative stress and inflammation in high fat diet/streptozotocin treated rats. Biomed Pharmacother 2019; 112:108678. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2019.108678] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2018] [Revised: 01/30/2019] [Accepted: 02/09/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
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16
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Scantlebery AML, Uil M, Butter LM, Poelman R, Claessen N, Girardin SE, Florquin S, Roelofs JJTH, Leemans JC. NLRX1 does not play a role in diabetes nor the development of diabetic nephropathy induced by multiple low doses of streptozotocin. PLoS One 2019; 14:e0214437. [PMID: 30908533 PMCID: PMC6433286 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0214437] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2019] [Accepted: 03/13/2019] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Diabetic nephropathy (DN) is a microvascular complication of diabetes mellitus that results in both tubular and glomerular injury. Low-grade inflammation and oxidative stress are two mechanisms known to drive the progression of DN. Nucleotide-binding leucine-rich repeat containing family member X1 (NLRX1) is an innate immune receptor, uniquely located in mitochondria, that has been found to regulate inflammatory responses and to dampen renal oxidative stress by regulating oxidative phosphorylation. For this reason, we investigated the role of NLRX1 in the development of DN in a Type 1 Diabetes mouse model. We analyzed the effect of NLRX1 deficiency on diabetes development and the accompanied renal damage, inflammation, and fibrosis. We found that multiple low doses of streptozotocin induced body weight loss, polydipsia, hyperglycemia, glycosuria, and a mild DN phenotype in wildtype and NLRX1-deficient mice, without significant differences between these mouse strains. Despite increased NLRX1 expression in diabetic wildtype mice, NLRX1 deficiency did not affect the diabetic phenotype induced by streptozotocin treatment, as reflected by similar levels of polyuria, microalbuminuria, and increased renal markers of oxidative stress and inflammation in wildtype and NLRX1-deficient mice. The present findings show that NLRX1 does not mediate the development of streptozotocin-induced diabetes and diabetic-induced nephropathy in mice after multiple low doses of streptozotocin. This data implies that, while NLRX1 can be triggered by cellular stress, its regulatory and functional effects may be dependent on the specific physiological conditions. In the case of DN, NLRX1 may be neither helpful nor harmful, but rather a marker of metabolic stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Angelique M. L. Scantlebery
- Department of Pathology, Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, North Holland, The Netherlands
| | - Melissa Uil
- Department of Pathology, Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, North Holland, The Netherlands
| | - Loes M. Butter
- Department of Pathology, Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, North Holland, The Netherlands
| | - Renée Poelman
- Department of Pathology, Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, North Holland, The Netherlands
| | - Nike Claessen
- Department of Pathology, Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, North Holland, The Netherlands
| | - Stephen E. Girardin
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Sandrine Florquin
- Department of Pathology, Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, North Holland, The Netherlands
| | - Joris J. T. H. Roelofs
- Department of Pathology, Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, North Holland, The Netherlands
| | - Jaklien C. Leemans
- Department of Pathology, Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, North Holland, The Netherlands
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17
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Mou Z, Feng Z, Xu Z, Zhuang F, Zheng X, Li X, Qian J, Liang G. Schisandrin B alleviates diabetic nephropathy through suppressing excessive inflammation and oxidative stress. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2018; 508:243-249. [PMID: 30477745 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2018.11.128] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2018] [Accepted: 11/20/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Diabetic nephropathy (DN) is a progressive kidney disease due to glomerular capillary damage in diabetic patients, with inflammation and oxidative stress implicated as crucial pathogenic factors. There is an urgent need to develop effective therapeutic drug. Natural medicines are rich resources for active lead compounds. They would provide new opportunities for the treatment of DN. The present study was designed to investigate the protective effects of Schisandrin B (SchB) on DN and to delineate the underlying mechanism. Oral administration of SchB in the diabetic mouse model significantly alleviated hyperglycemia-induced renal injury, which was accompanied by maintenance of urine creatinine and albumin levels at similar to those of control non-diabetic mice. Histological examination of renal tissue indicated that both development of fibrosis and renal cell apoptosis were dramatically inhibited by SchB. The protective effect of SchB on DN associated with suppression of inflammatory response and oxidative stress. These results strongly suggested that SchB could be a potential therapeutic agent for treatment of DN. Moreover, our findings provided a fuller understanding of the regulatory role of NF-κB and Nrf2 in DN, indicating that they could be important therapeutic targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhenxin Mou
- Chemical Biology Research Center, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Zhiguo Feng
- Chemical Biology Research Center, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Zheng Xu
- Chemical Biology Research Center, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Fei Zhuang
- Chemical Biology Research Center, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China; Diabetes Center, Department of Endocrinology, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Xuyong Zheng
- Chemical Biology Research Center, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China; Department of Pharmacy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Xiaokun Li
- Chemical Biology Research Center, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China.
| | - Jianchang Qian
- Chemical Biology Research Center, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China.
| | - Guang Liang
- Chemical Biology Research Center, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
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18
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Luan Y, Liu S, Pihl M, van der Mei HC, Liu J, Hizal F, Choi CH, Chen H, Ren Y, Busscher HJ. Bacterial interactions with nanostructured surfaces. Curr Opin Colloid Interface Sci 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cocis.2018.10.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
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19
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Ferreira CA, Ni D, Rosenkrans ZT, Cai W. Scavenging of reactive oxygen and nitrogen species with nanomaterials. NANO RESEARCH 2018; 11:4955-4984. [PMID: 30450165 PMCID: PMC6233906 DOI: 10.1007/s12274-018-2092-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 151] [Impact Index Per Article: 25.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
Reactive oxygen and nitrogen species (RONS) are essential for normal physiological processes and play important roles in cell signaling, immunity, and tissue homeostasis. However, excess radical species are implicated in the development and augmented pathogenesis of various diseases. Several antioxidants may restore the chemical balance, but their use is limited by disappointing results of clinical trials. Nanoparticles are an attractive therapeutic alternative because they can change the biodistribution profile of antioxidants, and possess intrinsic ability to scavenge RONS. Herein, we review the types of RONS, how they are implicated in several diseases, and the types of nanoparticles with inherent antioxidant capability, their mechanisms of action, and their biological applications.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Dalong Ni
- Address correspondence to Dalong Ni, ; Weibo Cai,
| | | | - Weibo Cai
- Address correspondence to Dalong Ni, ; Weibo Cai,
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20
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Nazarian-Samani Z, Sewell RDE, Lorigooini Z, Rafieian-Kopaei M. Medicinal Plants with Multiple Effects on Diabetes Mellitus and Its Complications: a Systematic Review. Curr Diab Rep 2018; 18:72. [PMID: 30105479 DOI: 10.1007/s11892-018-1042-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW This systematic review describes evidence concerning medicinal plants that, in addition to exerting hypoglycemic effects, decrease accompanying complications such as nephropathy, neuropathy, retinopathy, hypertension, and/or hyperlipidemia among individuals with diabetes mellitus (DM). RECENT FINDINGS Studies on the antidiabetic mechanisms of medicinal plants have shown that most of them produce hypoglycemic activity by stimulating insulin secretion, augmenting peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors (PPARs), inhibiting α-amylase or α-glucosidase, glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) secretion, advanced glycation end product (AGE) formation, free radical scavenging plus antioxidant activity (against reactive oxygen or nitrogen species (ROS/RNS)), up-regulating or elevating translocation of glucose transporter type 4 (GLUT-4), and preventing development of insulin resistance. Not only are medicinal plants effective in DM, but many of them also possess a variety of effects on other disease states, including the complications of DM. Such plants may be appropriate alternatives or adjuncts to available antidiabetic medications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zeinab Nazarian-Samani
- Basic Science Department, Veterinary Medicine Faculty, Shahrekord University, Shahrekord, Iran
| | - Robert D E Sewell
- Cardiff School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Cardiff University, Cardiff, Wales, CF10 3NB, UK
| | - Zahra Lorigooini
- Medical Plants Research Center, Basic Health Sciences Institute, Shahrekord University of Medical Sciences, Shahrekord, Iran
| | - Mahmoud Rafieian-Kopaei
- Medical Plants Research Center, Basic Health Sciences Institute, Shahrekord University of Medical Sciences, Shahrekord, Iran.
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21
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Kolsi RBA, Fakhfakh J, Sassi S, Elleuch M, Gargouri L. Physico-chemical characterization and beneficial effects of seaweed sulfated polysaccharide against oxydatif and cellular damages caused by alloxan in diabetic rats. Int J Biol Macromol 2018; 117:407-417. [PMID: 29630960 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2018.03.127] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2018] [Revised: 02/14/2018] [Accepted: 03/21/2018] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Rihab Ben Abdallah Kolsi
- Laboratory of Plant Biotechnology Applied to the Improvement of Cultures, Faculty of Sciences of Sfax, 3038 Sfax, Tunisia.
| | - Jawhar Fakhfakh
- Chemistry Laboratory of Natural Substances, Faculty of Sciences of Sfax, PB 802, 3018 Sfax, Tunisia
| | - Sameh Sassi
- Unité de Valorisation des Bioressources des zones arides, Facuty of Sciences of Gabes, Tunisia
| | - Mouna Elleuch
- Department of Endocrinology, CHU Hedi Chaker, Sfax, Tunisia
| | - Lamia Gargouri
- Department of Pediatrics, Pediatric Emergency and Intensive Care, Hedi Chaker Hospital, Faculty of Medicine, Tunisia
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El-Fawal R, El Fayoumi HM, Mahmoud MF. Diosmin and crocin alleviate nephropathy in metabolic syndrome rat model: Effect on oxidative stress and low grade inflammation. Biomed Pharmacother 2018; 102:930-937. [PMID: 29710548 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2018.03.162] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2017] [Revised: 03/24/2018] [Accepted: 03/26/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Nephropathy is a serious complication of metabolic syndrome (MS), a global epidemic disorder. This study was undertaken to investigate the actions of diosmin and crocin, two natural ingredients, on diabetic nephropathy in a rat model of MS and the underlying mechanism(s). Metabolic syndrome was induced by the addition of 10% fructose to drinking water and placing the rats on high-salt diet for 16 weeks. Diosmin and Crocin were orally administrated daily for 10 weeks starting at week 6. At the end of study, arterial blood pressure was non-invasively recorded. Urine, serum and kidneys were collected for renal function, oxidative stress, glycemic parameters, inflammatory markers and histological analysis. Both Diosmin and Crocin improved insulin resistance, decreased blood pressure, uric acid, lipoproteins and blocked diabetic nephropathy as indicated by reduction of albumin excretion rate and albumin/creatinine ratio. They alleviated the impaired filtration in MS as indicated by increased creatinine clearance. They also ameliorated oxidative stress and the low-grade 1inflammation as indicated by reduction of serum TNF-α and inflammatory cells. These observations suggest that both Diosmin and Crocin alleviate metabolic syndrome and the associated nephropathy in rats, possibly, through inhibiting oxidative stress and inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rania El-Fawal
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Zagazig University, 44519, Egypt
| | - Hassan M El Fayoumi
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Zagazig University, 44519, Egypt; Faculty of Pharmacy, Sinai University Qantara, El Arish - El Masaid, Egypt
| | - Mona F Mahmoud
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Zagazig University, 44519, Egypt.
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Yan W, Liu H, Deng X, Jin Y, Wang N, Chu J. Acellular dermal matrix scaffolds coated with connective tissue growth factor accelerate diabetic wound healing by increasing fibronectin through PKC signalling pathway. J Tissue Eng Regen Med 2017; 12:e1461-e1473. [DOI: 10.1002/term.2564] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2016] [Revised: 07/31/2017] [Accepted: 08/25/2017] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Wenxia Yan
- College of BiophotonicsSouth China Normal University Guangzhou China
| | - Hanping Liu
- College of BiophotonicsSouth China Normal University Guangzhou China
| | - Xiaoyuan Deng
- College of BiophotonicsSouth China Normal University Guangzhou China
| | - Ying Jin
- College of BiophotonicsSouth China Normal University Guangzhou China
| | - Ning Wang
- College of BiophotonicsSouth China Normal University Guangzhou China
| | - Jing Chu
- College of BiophotonicsSouth China Normal University Guangzhou China
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24
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Chen Y, Wu G, Xu M. The effect of L-thyroxine substitution on oxidative stress in early-stage diabetic nephropathy patients with subclinical hypothyroidism: a randomized double-blind and placebo-controlled study. Int Urol Nephrol 2017; 50:97-103. [PMID: 29196928 DOI: 10.1007/s11255-017-1756-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2017] [Accepted: 11/20/2017] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE To study oxidative stress status of early type 2 diabetic nephropathy (DN) patients with subclinical hypothyroidism (SCH) and to assess effect of L-thyroxine therapy on the oxidative stress in these patients. METHODS It is a randomized double-blind and placebo-controlled trial. A total of 48 patients with early type 2 DN were included as Euthyroid group, and 92 early type 2 DN with SCH were selected and randomly assigned to L-thyroxine treatment group (LT4 group) and placebo group (SCH group). Changes in urinary albumin excretion rate (UAER), serum malondialdehyde (MDA), superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity, urine 8-hydroxyl deoxyguanosine (8-OHdG), serum creatinine, estimated glomerular filtration rate, and lipid profile before and after 24 weeks of follow-up were examined and compared. RESULTS The levels of UAER, MDA, 8-OHdG were higher, while the SOD activity was lower in DN patients with SCH than in DN patients (p < 0.05 for all). In the LT4 group, the levels of UAER, MDA, 8-OHdG decreased significantly (p < 0.05) to levels no longer different from the Euthyroid group. The SOD activity increased significantly. But in SCH group, the levels of mAlb, MDA, 8-OHdG were greater after 24 weeks of follow-up and greater than patients in the Euthyroid group. SOD activity decreased significantly after 24 weeks in the SCH group (p < 0.05). CONCLUSION Oxidative stress is greater in the DN patients with SCH, and SCH may exacerbate kidney injury in early DN patients. The LT4 treatment may decrease the oxidative stress and attenuate renal injury in DN patient with SCH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yong Chen
- Department of Nephropathy, Xianning Central Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Hubei University of Science and Technology, 228 Jingui Road, Xianning, 437100, China
| | - Ganlin Wu
- Department of Medicine, School of Clinical Medicine Sciences, Hubei University of science and Technology, 88 Xianning Road, Xianning, 437100, China.
| | - Meirong Xu
- Department of Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Hubei University of Science and Technology, 58 Chahua Road, Xianning, 437100, China
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25
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Aissaoui O, Amiali M, Bouzid N, Belkacemi K, Bitam A. Effect of Spirulina platensis ingestion on the abnormal biochemical and oxidative stress parameters in the pancreas and liver of alloxan-induced diabetic rats. PHARMACEUTICAL BIOLOGY 2017; 55:1304-1312. [PMID: 28274159 PMCID: PMC6130544 DOI: 10.1080/13880209.2017.1300820] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
CONTEXT Previous studies have shown that Spirulina platensis Gomont (Phormidiaceae) (SP) extract has beneficial effects on many disease conditions. The putative protective effects of SP were investigated in diabetic rats. OBJECTIVE The current study investigates the antioxidant effects of SP in diabetic Wistar rats. MATERIALS AND METHODS Alloxan monohydrate (150 mg/kg body weight) was intraperitoneally administrated to induce diabetes. An aqueous suspension of SP powder in distillate water (10% w/v) was administrated orally by gavage (1 mL/day) for 50 days. Histopathological, biochemical and antioxidant analyses were performed. Glycemia, liver function and HOMA-IR were assessed using Spinreact and ELISA kits. RESULTS SP exhibited high-antioxidant activity. The IC50 values of the SP aqueous extract were 70.40 and 45.69 mg/L compared to those of the standard antioxidant BHT, which were 27.97 and 19.77 mg/L, for the DPPH and ABTS tests, respectively. The diabetic animals showed a significant increase in glycaemia (from 4.05 to 4.28 g/L) and thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (50.17 mmol/g protein) levels. Treatment with SP significantly reduced glycaemia by 79% and liver function markers [glutamate pyruvate transaminase (GPT), glutamate oxaloacetate transaminase (GOT) and alkaline phosphatase (Alk-p)]) by 25, 36 and 20%, respectively, compared to that of the controls. There was a significant increase in superoxide dismutase (48%), total antioxidant status (43%), glutathione peroxidase (37%) and glutathione reductase (16%) in the diabetic rats treated with SP. DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSION These results showed that SP has high antioxidant activity, free radical scavenging, antihyperglycemic and hepatoprotective effects in diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ourida Aissaoui
- Food Technology and Human Nutrition Laboratory, École Nationale Supérieure Agronomique (ENSA), Algiers, Algeria
| | - Malek Amiali
- Food Technology and Human Nutrition Laboratory, École Nationale Supérieure Agronomique (ENSA), Algiers, Algeria
| | - Nora Bouzid
- Department of Anapathology, CHU Parnet, Algiers, Algeria
| | - Khaled Belkacemi
- Department of Soil Sciences and Agri-Food Engineering, Université Laval, Quebec City, Quebec, Canada
| | - Arezki Bitam
- Food Technology and Human Nutrition Laboratory, École Nationale Supérieure Agronomique (ENSA), Algiers, Algeria
- CONTACT Arezki BitamFood Technology and Human Nutrition Laboratory, École Nationale Supérieure Agronomique (ENSA), El-Harrach, Algiers, Algeria
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26
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Mohamed R, Sharma I, Ibrahim AS, Saleh H, Elsherbiny NM, Fulzele S, Elmasry K, Smith SB, Al-Shabrawey M, Tawfik A. Hyperhomocysteinemia Alters Retinal Endothelial Cells Barrier Function and Angiogenic Potential via Activation of Oxidative Stress. Sci Rep 2017; 7:11952. [PMID: 28931831 PMCID: PMC5607263 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-09731-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2016] [Accepted: 07/28/2017] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Hyperhomocysteinemia (HHcy) is associated with several human visual disorders, such as diabetic retinopathy (DR) and age-related macular degeneration (AMD). Breakdown of the blood-retinal barrier (BRB) is linked to vision loss in DR and AMD. Our previous work revealed that HHcy altered BRB in retinal endothelial cells in vivo. Here we hypothesize that homocysteine (Hcy) alters retinal endothelial cell barrier function and angiogenic potential via activation of oxidative stress. Human retinal endothelial cells (HRECs) treated with and without different concentrations of Hcy showed a reduction of tight junction protein expression, increased FITC dextran leakage, decreased transcellular electrical resistance and increased angiogenic potential. In addition, HRECs treated with Hcy showed increased production of reactive oxygen species (ROS). The anti-oxidant N-acetyl-cysteine (NAC) reduced ROS formation and decreased FITC-dextran leakage in Hcy treated HRECs. A mouse model of HHcy, in which cystathionine-β-synthase is deficient (cbs−/−), was evaluated for oxidative stress by dichlolorofluorescein (DCF), dihydroethidium (DHE) staining. There was a marked increase in ROS production and augmented GSH reductase and antioxidant regulator NRF2 activity, but decreased antioxidant gene expression in retinas of hyperhomocysteinemic mice. Our results suggest activation of oxidative stress as a possible mechanism of HHcy induced retinal endothelial cell dysfunction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Riyaz Mohamed
- Department of Oral Biology and Anatomy, Dental College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, GA, USA.,James and Jean Culver Vision Discovery Institute, Medical College of Georgia (MCG), Augusta University, Augusta, USA
| | - Isha Sharma
- Department of Oral Biology and Anatomy, Dental College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, GA, USA.,James and Jean Culver Vision Discovery Institute, Medical College of Georgia (MCG), Augusta University, Augusta, USA
| | - Ahmed S Ibrahim
- Department of Oral Biology and Anatomy, Dental College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, GA, USA.,James and Jean Culver Vision Discovery Institute, Medical College of Georgia (MCG), Augusta University, Augusta, USA.,Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt
| | - Heba Saleh
- Department of Oral Biology and Anatomy, Dental College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, GA, USA.,James and Jean Culver Vision Discovery Institute, Medical College of Georgia (MCG), Augusta University, Augusta, USA
| | - Nehal M Elsherbiny
- Department of Oral Biology and Anatomy, Dental College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, GA, USA.,James and Jean Culver Vision Discovery Institute, Medical College of Georgia (MCG), Augusta University, Augusta, USA.,Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt
| | - Sadanand Fulzele
- Department: Orthopedic Surgery, MCG, Augusta University, Augusta, GA, USA
| | - Khaled Elmasry
- Department of Oral Biology and Anatomy, Dental College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, GA, USA.,James and Jean Culver Vision Discovery Institute, Medical College of Georgia (MCG), Augusta University, Augusta, USA.,Department of Cellular Biology and Anatomy, MCG, Augusta University, Augusta, GA, USA
| | - Sylvia B Smith
- James and Jean Culver Vision Discovery Institute, Medical College of Georgia (MCG), Augusta University, Augusta, USA.,Department of Cellular Biology and Anatomy, MCG, Augusta University, Augusta, GA, USA.,Department of Ophthalmology, MCG, Augusta University, Augusta, GA, USA
| | - Mohamed Al-Shabrawey
- Department of Oral Biology and Anatomy, Dental College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, GA, USA.,James and Jean Culver Vision Discovery Institute, Medical College of Georgia (MCG), Augusta University, Augusta, USA.,Department of Cellular Biology and Anatomy, MCG, Augusta University, Augusta, GA, USA.,Department of Ophthalmology, MCG, Augusta University, Augusta, GA, USA
| | - Amany Tawfik
- Department of Oral Biology and Anatomy, Dental College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, GA, USA. .,James and Jean Culver Vision Discovery Institute, Medical College of Georgia (MCG), Augusta University, Augusta, USA. .,Department of Cellular Biology and Anatomy, MCG, Augusta University, Augusta, GA, USA. .,Department of Ophthalmology, MCG, Augusta University, Augusta, GA, USA.
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27
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Wadie W, El-Tanbouly DM. Vinpocetine mitigates proteinuria and podocytes injury in a rat model of diabetic nephropathy. Eur J Pharmacol 2017; 814:187-195. [PMID: 28843828 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2017.08.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2017] [Revised: 08/12/2017] [Accepted: 08/23/2017] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Podocyte injury and glomerular basement membrane thickening have been considered as essential pathophysiological events in diabetic nephropathy. The aim of this study was to investigate the possible beneficial effects of vinpocetine on diabetes-associated renal damage. Male Wistar rats were made diabetic by injection of streptozotocin (STZ). Diabetic rats were treated with vinpocetine in a dose of 20mg/kg/day for 6 weeks. Treatment with vinpocetine resulted in a marked decrease in the levels of blood glucose, glycosylated haemoglobin, creatinine, blood urea nitrogen, urinary albumin and albumin/creatinine ratio along with an elevation in creatinine clearance rate. The renal contents of advanced glycation end-products, interleukin-10, tissue growth factor-β, nuclear factor (NF)-κB and Ras-related C3 botulinum toxin substrate 1 (Rac 1) were decreased. Renal nephrin and podocin contents were increased and their mRNA expressions were replenished in vinpocetine-treated rats. Moreover, administration of vinpocetine showed improvements in oxidative status as well as renal glomerular and tubular structures. The current investigation revealed that vinpocetine ameliorated the STZ-induced renal damage. This beneficial effect could be attributed to its antioxidant and antihyperglycemic effects parallel to its ability to inhibit NF-κB which eventually modulated cytokines production as well as nephrin and podocin proteins expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Walaa Wadie
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Dalia M El-Tanbouly
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt.
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28
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Giribabu N, Karim K, Kilari EK, Salleh N. Phyllanthus niruri leaves aqueous extract improves kidney functions, ameliorates kidney oxidative stress, inflammation, fibrosis and apoptosis and enhances kidney cell proliferation in adult male rats with diabetes mellitus. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2017; 205:123-137. [PMID: 28483637 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2017.05.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2016] [Revised: 05/01/2017] [Accepted: 05/02/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Phylanthus niruri has been used to treat ailments related to the urogenital organs. In this study, this herb was hypothesized to help to ameliorate kidney disease in diabetes mellitus (DM). AIMS To investigate P. niruri leaves aqueous extract (PN) effects on kidney functions, histopathological changes and levels of oxidative stress, inflammation, fibrosis, apoptosis and proliferation in DM. METHODS PN was orally administered to streptozotocin-nicotinamide-induced male diabetic rats for 28 days. At the end of the treatment, fasting blood glucose (FBG) and kidney functions were measured. Kidney somatic index, histopathological changes and levels of RAGE, Nrf2, oxidative stress markers (TBARS, SOD, CAT and GPx), inflammatory markers (NFkβ-p65, Ikk-β, TNF-α, IL-1β and IL-6), apoptosis markers (caspase-3, caspase-9 and Bax), fibrosis markers (TGF-β1, VEGF and FGF-1) and proliferative markers (PCNA and Ki-67) were determined by biochemical assays, qPCR, Western blotting, immunohistochemistry or immunofluorescence. RESULTS Administration of PN helps to maintain near normal FBG, creatinine clearance (CCr), blood urea nitrogen (BUN), BUN/Cr ratio, serum electrolytes, uric acid and urine protein levels in DM. Decreased RAGE, TBARS and increased Nrf2, SOD-1, CAT and GPx-1 were observed in PN-treated diabetic rat kidneys. Expression of inflammatory, fibrosis and apoptosis markers in the kidney reduced but expression of proliferative markers increased following PN treatment. Lesser histopathological changes were observed in the kidney of PN-treated diabetic rats. CONCLUSION PN helps to preserve near normal kidney function and prevents histopathological changes via ameliorating oxidative stress, inflammation, fibrosis and apoptosis while enhancing proliferation of the kidney in DM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nelli Giribabu
- Dept of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, 50603 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
| | - Kamarulzaman Karim
- Dept of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, 50603 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Eswar Kumar Kilari
- Pharmacology Division, A.U. College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Andhra University, Visakhapatnam 530003, Andhra Pradesh, India
| | - Naguib Salleh
- Dept of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, 50603 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
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29
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Xu ZJ, Shu S, Li ZJ, Liu YM, Zhang RY, Zhang Y. Liuwei Dihuang pill treats diabetic nephropathy in rats by inhibiting of TGF-β/SMADS, MAPK, and NF-kB and upregulating expression of cytoglobin in renal tissues. Medicine (Baltimore) 2017; 96:e5879. [PMID: 28099346 PMCID: PMC5279091 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000005879] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Liuwei Dihuang pill (LDP) was assessed for its effects on renal deficiency.90 STZ induced DN rats were divided into groups (n = 22) without treatment (STZ) and LDP treated (STZ-L) (n = 23), Zhenwu decoction treated (STZ-Z) (n = 22), and valsartan treated (STZ-V) (n = 23) groups, with 16 normal control rats. Total urine protein (TP), blood urea nitrogen (BUN), and serum creatinine (Cr) were measured. Superoxide dismutase (SOD), nitric oxide synthase (NOS), and malondialdehyde (MDA) concentrations as well as expression/phosphorylation of SMAD3, SMAD2, and α-SMA, TGF-β, RI /II, P38, ERK, and NF-kB in renal tissues were determined. In vitro experiments analyzed the effect of enhanced TGF-β containing rat serums of the STZ groups on mesangial cells with and without transient transfection with a cytoglobin-containing plasmid.LDP treatment reduced the kidney coefficient, serum creatinine, blood urea nitrogen, and urine protein and prevented pathological changes. Expression of SOD and NOS in kidney tissue was increased but MDA expression reduced. LDP modulated multiple pathways, and its administration inhibited the phosphorylation of SMADS, ERK, p38, and the expression of NF-kB, α-SMA, and TGF-β RI/II, and upregulated the expression of cytoglobin. In vitro studies revealed that overexpression of cytoglobin suppressed phosphorylation of Smad2, ERK, and p38 induced by TGF-β and expression of NF-kB, α-SMA, and TGF-β RI.LDP prevented renal fibrosis and protected glomerular mesangial cells by upregulation of cytoglobin and suppression of multiple pathways involving TGF-β/SMADS, MAPK, NF-kB signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhong Ju Xu
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai Punan Hospital of Pudong New District
| | - Shi Shu
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai Punan Hospital of Pudong New District
| | - Zhi Jie Li
- Science and Technology Center, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yu Min Liu
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine
| | - Rui Yi Zhang
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine
| | - Yue Zhang
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine
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30
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Kaczmarska M, Żydek D, Wilkłacz-Potoczny J, Fornal M, Grodzicki T, Kochowska E, Kozak K, Gocal Ł, Pohorecki W, Matlak K, Korecki J, Burda K. The influence of very small doses of alpha radiation on the stability of erythrocytes. Microsc Res Tech 2016; 80:131-143. [DOI: 10.1002/jemt.22803] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2016] [Accepted: 10/28/2016] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Magdalena Kaczmarska
- Department of Medical Physics and Biophysics, Faculty of Physics and Applied Computer Science; AGH University of Science and Technology; Kraków Poland
| | - Dominika Żydek
- Department of Medical Physics and Biophysics, Faculty of Physics and Applied Computer Science; AGH University of Science and Technology; Kraków Poland
| | - Justyna Wilkłacz-Potoczny
- Department of Medical Physics and Biophysics, Faculty of Physics and Applied Computer Science; AGH University of Science and Technology; Kraków Poland
- SOLARIS, Jagiellonian University; Kraków Poland
| | - Maria Fornal
- Department of Internal Medicine and Gerontology, Collegium Medicum; Jagiellonian University; Kraków Poland
| | - Tomasz Grodzicki
- Department of Internal Medicine and Gerontology, Collegium Medicum; Jagiellonian University; Kraków Poland
| | | | | | - Łukasz Gocal
- Department of Medical Physics and Biophysics, Faculty of Physics and Applied Computer Science; AGH University of Science and Technology; Kraków Poland
| | - Władysław Pohorecki
- Faculty of Energy and Fuels; AGH University of Science and Technology; Kraków Poland
| | - Krzysztof Matlak
- Department of Medical Physics and Biophysics, Faculty of Physics and Applied Computer Science; AGH University of Science and Technology; Kraków Poland
| | - Józef Korecki
- Department of Medical Physics and Biophysics, Faculty of Physics and Applied Computer Science; AGH University of Science and Technology; Kraków Poland
- Institute of Catalysis and Surface Chemistry PAN; Kraków Poland
| | - Květoslava Burda
- Department of Medical Physics and Biophysics, Faculty of Physics and Applied Computer Science; AGH University of Science and Technology; Kraków Poland
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31
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Kishore L, Kaur N, Singh R. Nephroprotective effect of Paeonia emodi via inhibition of advanced glycation end products and oxidative stress in streptozotocin-nicotinamide induced diabetic nephropathy. J Food Drug Anal 2016; 25:576-588. [PMID: 28911644 PMCID: PMC9328827 DOI: 10.1016/j.jfda.2016.08.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2016] [Revised: 08/22/2016] [Accepted: 08/31/2016] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
The present study aimed to evaluate the effect of alcohol (PA) and hydroalcohol (PHA) extract of Paeonia emodi Royale roots in treatment of streptozotocin–nicotinamide induced diabetic nephropathy. Diabetes mellitus was induced in male Wistar rats by streptozotocin (65 mg/kg intraperitoneally) 15 minutes after nicotinamide (230 mg/kg, intraperitoneally) administration and diabetic nephropathy was assessed by measuring serum glucose, renal parameters (urea, uric acid, creatinine, and blood urea nitrogen level) and lipid profile. The rats were treated with different doses of extracts (100 mg/kg, 200 mg/kg, and 400 mg/kg) for 45 days. Oxidative stress was assessed by measuring tissue antioxidant enzymes level along with the formation of advanced glycation end-products (AGEs) in kidney. PA and PHA (400 mg/kg) produced significant attenuation in the serum glucose level (165.08 ± 3.353 mg/dL and 154.27 ± 2.209 mg/dL, respectively) as compared to control. Elevated renal parameters, lipid levels, tissue antioxidant enzymes and AGE formation were also restored in a dose-dependent manner. These findings suggest that by amelioration of oxidative stress and formation of AGEs, PA and PHA significantly inhibited the progression diabetic nephropathy in rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lalit Kishore
- M.M. College of Pharmacy, M.M. University, Mullana-Ambala, Haryana 133207, India
| | - Navpreet Kaur
- M.M. College of Pharmacy, M.M. University, Mullana-Ambala, Haryana 133207, India
| | - Randhir Singh
- M.M. College of Pharmacy, M.M. University, Mullana-Ambala, Haryana 133207, India.
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32
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Mohabbulla Mohib M, Fazla Rabby S, Paran TZ, Mehedee Hasan M, Ahmed I, Hasan N, Abu Taher Sagor M, Mohiuddin S. Protective role of green tea on diabetic nephropathy—A review. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2016. [DOI: 10.1080/23312025.2016.1248166] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Md. Mohabbulla Mohib
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, North South University, Dhaka 1229, Bangladesh
| | - S.M. Fazla Rabby
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, North South University, Dhaka 1229, Bangladesh
| | - Tasfiq Zaman Paran
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, North South University, Dhaka 1229, Bangladesh
| | - Md. Mehedee Hasan
- Department of Pharmacy, State University of Bangladesh, Dhaka 1205, Bangladesh
| | - Iqbal Ahmed
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, North South University, Dhaka 1229, Bangladesh
| | - Nahid Hasan
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, North South University, Dhaka 1229, Bangladesh
| | - Md. Abu Taher Sagor
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, North South University, Dhaka 1229, Bangladesh
| | - Sarif Mohiuddin
- Department of Anatomy, Pioneer Dental College and Hospital, Dhaka 1229, Bangladesh
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33
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Jin SM, Han KA, Yu JM, Sohn TS, Choi SH, Chung CH, Park IB, Rhee EJ, Baik SH, Park TS, Lee IK, Ko SH, Hwang YC, Cha BS, Lee HW, Nam MS, Lee MK. Probucol in Albuminuric Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Patients on Renin–Angiotensin System Blockade. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 2016; 36:2108-14. [DOI: 10.1161/atvbaha.116.308034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2016] [Accepted: 07/25/2016] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Objective—
To determine the effect of probucol on urine albumin excretion in type 2 diabetes mellitus patients with albuminuria using angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors or angiotensin receptor blockers.
Approach and Results—
This was a 16-week, phase II, randomized, placebo-controlled, parallel-group study in type 2 diabetes mellitus patients with a urinary albumin/creatinine ratio of ≥300 mg/g using angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors or angiotensin receptor blockers, conducted in 17 tertiary referral hospitals. Eligible patients were randomized to probucol 250 mg/d (n=44), probucol 500 mg/d (n=41), and placebo (n=41) groups in a ratio of 1:1:1 after block randomization procedures, keeping the treatment assignment blinded to the investigators, patients, and study assistants. The primary end point was change in the geometric mean of urinary albumin/creatinine ratio from baseline to week 16 (
ClinicalTrials.gov
identifier NCT01726816). The study was started on November 8, 2012, and completed on March 24, 2014. The least squares mean change±SE from baseline in urinary albumin/creatinine ratio at week 16 was −7.2±639.5 mg/g in the probucol 250 mg/d group (n=43;
P
=0.2077 versus placebo group), 9.3±587.4 mg/g in the probucol 500 mg/d group (n=40;
P
=0.1975 versus placebo group), and 259.0±969.1 mg/g in the placebo group (n=41). Although the majority of subjects were on statins, probucol treatment significantly lowered total cholesterol and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels. QT prolongation occurred in one and two subjects in control and probucol 250 mg/d groups, respectively.
Conclusions—
Four months of probucol up to 500 mg/d failed to reduce urinary albumin excretion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sang-Man Jin
- From the Department of Medicine, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea (S.-M.J., M.-K.L.); Diabetes Center, Eulji General Hospital, Eulji University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea (K.A.H.); Department of Internal Medicine, Gangnam Sacred Heart Hospital, Hallym Medical University, Seoul, Korea (J.M.Y.); Department of Internal Medicine, Uijeongbu St. Mary’s Hospital, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul (T.S.S.); Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul
| | - Kyung Ah Han
- From the Department of Medicine, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea (S.-M.J., M.-K.L.); Diabetes Center, Eulji General Hospital, Eulji University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea (K.A.H.); Department of Internal Medicine, Gangnam Sacred Heart Hospital, Hallym Medical University, Seoul, Korea (J.M.Y.); Department of Internal Medicine, Uijeongbu St. Mary’s Hospital, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul (T.S.S.); Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul
| | - Jae Myung Yu
- From the Department of Medicine, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea (S.-M.J., M.-K.L.); Diabetes Center, Eulji General Hospital, Eulji University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea (K.A.H.); Department of Internal Medicine, Gangnam Sacred Heart Hospital, Hallym Medical University, Seoul, Korea (J.M.Y.); Department of Internal Medicine, Uijeongbu St. Mary’s Hospital, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul (T.S.S.); Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul
| | - Tae Seo Sohn
- From the Department of Medicine, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea (S.-M.J., M.-K.L.); Diabetes Center, Eulji General Hospital, Eulji University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea (K.A.H.); Department of Internal Medicine, Gangnam Sacred Heart Hospital, Hallym Medical University, Seoul, Korea (J.M.Y.); Department of Internal Medicine, Uijeongbu St. Mary’s Hospital, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul (T.S.S.); Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul
| | - Sung Hee Choi
- From the Department of Medicine, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea (S.-M.J., M.-K.L.); Diabetes Center, Eulji General Hospital, Eulji University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea (K.A.H.); Department of Internal Medicine, Gangnam Sacred Heart Hospital, Hallym Medical University, Seoul, Korea (J.M.Y.); Department of Internal Medicine, Uijeongbu St. Mary’s Hospital, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul (T.S.S.); Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul
| | - Choon Hee Chung
- From the Department of Medicine, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea (S.-M.J., M.-K.L.); Diabetes Center, Eulji General Hospital, Eulji University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea (K.A.H.); Department of Internal Medicine, Gangnam Sacred Heart Hospital, Hallym Medical University, Seoul, Korea (J.M.Y.); Department of Internal Medicine, Uijeongbu St. Mary’s Hospital, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul (T.S.S.); Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul
| | - Ie Byung Park
- From the Department of Medicine, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea (S.-M.J., M.-K.L.); Diabetes Center, Eulji General Hospital, Eulji University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea (K.A.H.); Department of Internal Medicine, Gangnam Sacred Heart Hospital, Hallym Medical University, Seoul, Korea (J.M.Y.); Department of Internal Medicine, Uijeongbu St. Mary’s Hospital, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul (T.S.S.); Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul
| | - Eun Jung Rhee
- From the Department of Medicine, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea (S.-M.J., M.-K.L.); Diabetes Center, Eulji General Hospital, Eulji University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea (K.A.H.); Department of Internal Medicine, Gangnam Sacred Heart Hospital, Hallym Medical University, Seoul, Korea (J.M.Y.); Department of Internal Medicine, Uijeongbu St. Mary’s Hospital, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul (T.S.S.); Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul
| | - Sei Hyun Baik
- From the Department of Medicine, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea (S.-M.J., M.-K.L.); Diabetes Center, Eulji General Hospital, Eulji University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea (K.A.H.); Department of Internal Medicine, Gangnam Sacred Heart Hospital, Hallym Medical University, Seoul, Korea (J.M.Y.); Department of Internal Medicine, Uijeongbu St. Mary’s Hospital, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul (T.S.S.); Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul
| | - Tae Sun Park
- From the Department of Medicine, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea (S.-M.J., M.-K.L.); Diabetes Center, Eulji General Hospital, Eulji University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea (K.A.H.); Department of Internal Medicine, Gangnam Sacred Heart Hospital, Hallym Medical University, Seoul, Korea (J.M.Y.); Department of Internal Medicine, Uijeongbu St. Mary’s Hospital, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul (T.S.S.); Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul
| | - In-Kyu Lee
- From the Department of Medicine, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea (S.-M.J., M.-K.L.); Diabetes Center, Eulji General Hospital, Eulji University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea (K.A.H.); Department of Internal Medicine, Gangnam Sacred Heart Hospital, Hallym Medical University, Seoul, Korea (J.M.Y.); Department of Internal Medicine, Uijeongbu St. Mary’s Hospital, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul (T.S.S.); Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul
| | - Seung-Hyun Ko
- From the Department of Medicine, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea (S.-M.J., M.-K.L.); Diabetes Center, Eulji General Hospital, Eulji University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea (K.A.H.); Department of Internal Medicine, Gangnam Sacred Heart Hospital, Hallym Medical University, Seoul, Korea (J.M.Y.); Department of Internal Medicine, Uijeongbu St. Mary’s Hospital, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul (T.S.S.); Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul
| | - You-Cheol Hwang
- From the Department of Medicine, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea (S.-M.J., M.-K.L.); Diabetes Center, Eulji General Hospital, Eulji University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea (K.A.H.); Department of Internal Medicine, Gangnam Sacred Heart Hospital, Hallym Medical University, Seoul, Korea (J.M.Y.); Department of Internal Medicine, Uijeongbu St. Mary’s Hospital, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul (T.S.S.); Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul
| | - Bong Soo Cha
- From the Department of Medicine, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea (S.-M.J., M.-K.L.); Diabetes Center, Eulji General Hospital, Eulji University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea (K.A.H.); Department of Internal Medicine, Gangnam Sacred Heart Hospital, Hallym Medical University, Seoul, Korea (J.M.Y.); Department of Internal Medicine, Uijeongbu St. Mary’s Hospital, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul (T.S.S.); Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul
| | - Hyoung Woo Lee
- From the Department of Medicine, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea (S.-M.J., M.-K.L.); Diabetes Center, Eulji General Hospital, Eulji University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea (K.A.H.); Department of Internal Medicine, Gangnam Sacred Heart Hospital, Hallym Medical University, Seoul, Korea (J.M.Y.); Department of Internal Medicine, Uijeongbu St. Mary’s Hospital, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul (T.S.S.); Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul
| | - Moon-Suk Nam
- From the Department of Medicine, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea (S.-M.J., M.-K.L.); Diabetes Center, Eulji General Hospital, Eulji University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea (K.A.H.); Department of Internal Medicine, Gangnam Sacred Heart Hospital, Hallym Medical University, Seoul, Korea (J.M.Y.); Department of Internal Medicine, Uijeongbu St. Mary’s Hospital, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul (T.S.S.); Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul
| | - Moon-Kyu Lee
- From the Department of Medicine, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea (S.-M.J., M.-K.L.); Diabetes Center, Eulji General Hospital, Eulji University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea (K.A.H.); Department of Internal Medicine, Gangnam Sacred Heart Hospital, Hallym Medical University, Seoul, Korea (J.M.Y.); Department of Internal Medicine, Uijeongbu St. Mary’s Hospital, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul (T.S.S.); Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul
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Rahimi-Madiseh M, Malekpour-Tehrani A, Bahmani M, Rafieian-Kopaei M. The research and development on the antioxidants in prevention of diabetic complications. ASIAN PAC J TROP MED 2016; 9:825-831. [DOI: 10.1016/j.apjtm.2016.07.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2016] [Revised: 06/16/2016] [Accepted: 07/01/2016] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
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Yanagihara H, Ushijima K, Arakawa Y, Aizawa KI, Fujimura A. Effects of telmisartan and olmesartan on insulin sensitivity and renal function in spontaneously hypertensive rats fed a high fat diet. J Pharmacol Sci 2016; 131:190-7. [PMID: 27430988 DOI: 10.1016/j.jphs.2016.06.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2016] [Revised: 06/05/2016] [Accepted: 06/20/2016] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Although telmisartan, an angiotensin II receptor blocker (ARB), has an agonistic action for proliferator-activated receptor (PPAR)-γ in vitro, it remains to be determined whether telmisartan exerts such an action in vivo using a non-toxic dose (<5 mg/kg in rats). To address the issue, telmisartan (2 mg/kg) and olmesartan (2 mg/kg), another ARB without PPAR-γ agonistic action, were given to spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR) fed a high fat diet (HFD). HFD decreased plasma adiponectin, and caused insulin resistance, hypertriglyceridemia and renal damage, which were improved by ARBs. Protective effects of telmisartan and olmesartan did not significantly differ. In addition, in vitro study showed that 1 μM of telmisartan did not elevate the mRNA expression of adipose protein 2, which is a PPAR-γ-stimulated adipogenic marker gene, in preadipocytes with 3% albumin. To obtain 1 μM of plasma concentration, oral dose of telmisartan was calculated to be 6 mg/kg, which indicates that PPAR-γ agonistic action is negligible with a non-toxic dose of telmisartan (<5 mg/kg) in rats. This study showed that 2 mg/kg of telmisartan and olmesartan ameliorated insulin resistance, hypertriglyceridemia and renal damage in SHR fed a HFD. As beneficial effects of telmisartan and olmesartan did not significantly differ, these were mediated through the PPAR-γ-independent actions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hayato Yanagihara
- Division of Clinical Pharmacology, Department of Pharmacology, Jichi Medical University, Tochigi, 329-0498, Japan
| | - Kentaro Ushijima
- Division of Clinical Pharmacology, Department of Pharmacology, Jichi Medical University, Tochigi, 329-0498, Japan
| | - Yusuke Arakawa
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, Nippon Medical University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Ken-Ichi Aizawa
- Division of Clinical Pharmacology, Department of Pharmacology, Jichi Medical University, Tochigi, 329-0498, Japan
| | - Akio Fujimura
- Division of Clinical Pharmacology, Department of Pharmacology, Jichi Medical University, Tochigi, 329-0498, Japan.
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The attenuation of chlorogenic acid on oxidative stress for renal injury in streptozotocin-induced diabetic nephropathy rats. Arch Pharm Res 2016; 39:989-97. [DOI: 10.1007/s12272-016-0771-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2016] [Accepted: 06/03/2016] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
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Comparison of the effects of levocetirizine and losartan on diabetic nephropathy and vascular dysfunction in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats. Eur J Pharmacol 2016; 780:82-92. [PMID: 27012991 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2016.03.035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2015] [Revised: 01/27/2016] [Accepted: 03/18/2016] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
This work was designed to investigate the effects of levocetirizine, a histamine H1 receptor antagonist, on diabetes-induced nephropathy and vascular disorder, in comparison to an angiotensin II receptor antagonist, losartan. Diabetes was induced in male Sprague Dawley rats by a single intraperitoneal injection of streptozotocin (50mg/kg). Diabetic rats were divided into three groups; diabetic, diabetic-levocetirizine (0.5mg/kg/day) and diabetic-losartan (25mg/kg/day). Treatments were started two weeks following diabetes induction and continued for additional eight weeks. At the end of the experiment, urine was collected and serum was separated for biochemical measurements. Tissue homogenates of kidney and aorta were prepared for measuring oxidative stress, nitric oxide (NO), transforming growth factor-β1 (TGF-β1) and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α). Moreover, histological analyses were conducted and aortic vascular reactivity was investigated. Levocetirizine improved renal function in diabetic rats (evidenced by mitigation of diabetes-induced changes in kidney to body weight ratio, serum albumin, urinary proteins and creatinine clearance). Moreover, levocetirizine attenuated the elevated renal levels of TNF-α and TGF-β1, ameliorated renal oxidative stress and restored NO bioavailability in diabetic kidney. These effects were comparable to or surpassed those produced by losartan. Moreover, levocetirizine, similar to losartan, reduced the enhanced responsiveness of diabetic aorta to phenylephrine. Histological evaluation of renal and aortic tissues further confirmed the beneficial effects of levocetirizine on diabetic nephropathy and revealed a greater attenuation of diabetes-induced vascular hypertrophy by levocetirizine than by losartan. In conclusion, levocetirizine may offer comparable renoprotective effect to, and possibly superior vasculoprotective effects than, losartan in streptozotocin-diabetic rats.
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Jahani M, Shokrzadeh M, Vafaei-Pou Z, Zamani E, Shaki F. Potential Role of Cerium Oxide Nanoparticles for Attenuation of Diabetic Nephropathy by Inhibition of Oxidative Damage. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2016. [DOI: 10.3923/ajava.2016.226.234] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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Barzegar-Fallah A, Alimoradi H, Asadi F, Dehpour AR, Asgari M, Shafiei M. Tropisetron ameliorates early diabetic nephropathy in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats. Clin Exp Pharmacol Physiol 2015; 42:361-8. [PMID: 25676798 DOI: 10.1111/1440-1681.12373] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2014] [Revised: 01/16/2015] [Accepted: 01/29/2015] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
It has been well established that oxidative stress and inflammation are involved in the pathogenesis of diabetic nephropathy. It has been shown that tropisetron exerts anti-inflammatory and immunomodulatory properties. The current study was designed to investigate protective effects of tropisetron on early diabetic nephropathy in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats. Rats were divided into six groups: (i) untreated diabetic (streptozotocin group); (ii) untreated control; (iii) diabetic rats treated with tropisetron (3 mg/kg); (iv) normal rats treated with tropisetron (3 mg/kg); (v) diabetic rats treated with granisetron (3 mg/kg); and (vi) normal rats treated with granisetron (3 mg/kg); rats began receiving treatment at the time of diabetes induction for 2 weeks. At the termination of the experiments, bodyweight, kidney index, urinary albumin excretion, and glomerular filtration rate were measured. The levels of oxidative stress markers and tumour necrosis factor-α were also determined. Streptozotocin-treated animals showed significant loss of bodyweight and renal enlargement and dysfunction. Diabetic rats also exhibited an increase in malondialdehyde along with a significant decrease in glutathione, superoxide dismutase activity, and catalase activity. Furthermore, the diabetic animals demonstrated a significant rise in renal cortical, urinary tumour necrosis factor-α, and urinary albumin excretion. Both granisetron and tropisetron decreased blood glucose in diabetic animals, but this decrease was not significant for granisetron. Treatment with tropisetron, but not granisetron, prevented increases in oxidative stress and tumour necrosis factor-α, decreased urinary cytokine excretion and albuminuria, and improved renal morphological damage. In conclusion, the present study suggests that tropisetron may be a protective agent in early diabetic nephropathy, and its action is mediated, at least in part, by anti-oxidative and anti-inflammatory mechanisms that appear to be independent of the 5-HT3 receptor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anita Barzegar-Fallah
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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Saravanan S, Pari L. Protective effect of thymol on high fat diet induced diabetic nephropathy in C57BL/6J mice. Chem Biol Interact 2015; 245:1-11. [PMID: 26680107 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbi.2015.11.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2015] [Revised: 11/23/2015] [Accepted: 11/30/2015] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Obesity is one of several factors implicated in chronic kidney disease (CKD). Thymol, a monoterpene phenolic compound found in the oils of thyme with multiple biological properties especially antidiabetic activity. The present study was undertaken to evaluate the thymol against diabetic nephropathy by high fat diet (HFD)-induced diabetic C57BL/6J mice. After 10 weeks of continuous dietary intervention, HFD (fat- 35.2%) to mice presented characteristic features of progressive nephropathy by significant increased in kidney weight, blood, and urinary parameters, glomerulosclerosis, oxidative stress, hyperlipidemia and subsequent renal injuries. After intragastric administration of thymol (40 mg/kg BW) daily for the subsequent 5 weeks significantly decreased the blood, urinary parameters and kidney weight. Thymol inhibited the activation of transforming growth factor-β1 (TGF-β1) and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF). Also, significantly increased the antioxidants and suppresses the lipid peroxidation markers in erythrocytes and kidney tissue compared to the diabetic mice. Thymol downregulated the expression level of sterol regulatory element binding protein-1c (SREBP-1c) and reduced the lipid accumulation in renal. Histopathological study of kidney tissues showed that extracellular mesangial matrix expansion, glomerulosclerosis in diabetic mice were suppressed by thymol. Further, our results indicate that administration of thymol afforded remarkable protection against HFD-induced diabetic nephropathy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Settu Saravanan
- Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Annamalai University, Annamalai Nagar, 608 002, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Leelevinothan Pari
- Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Annamalai University, Annamalai Nagar, 608 002, Tamil Nadu, India.
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Mao ZM, Shen SM, Wan YG, Sun W, Chen HL, Huang MM, Yang JJ, Wu W, Tang HT, Tang RM. Huangkui capsule attenuates renal fibrosis in diabetic nephropathy rats through regulating oxidative stress and p38MAPK/Akt pathways, compared to α-lipoic acid. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2015; 173:256-265. [PMID: 26226437 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2015.07.036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2015] [Revised: 06/13/2015] [Accepted: 07/25/2015] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE In traditional Chinese medicine (TCM), Abelmoschus manihot (L.) medic (AM) is a natural medicinal plant used for the treatment of inflammatory diseases. Recently, Huangkui capsule (HKC), a Chinese patent medicine extracted from AM, has been widely applied to the clinical therapy of renal fibrosis in patients with early diabetic nephropathy (DN). However, the therapeutic mechanisms involved in vivo remain ambiguous. The goal of this study is to expound the mechanism in vivo of HKC in order to deepen the understanding of its clinical effects, by using the approaches of contrasting the dose-effects of HKC on oxidative stress (OS) in the kidney compared to α-lipoic acid (LA), and then demonstrating whether and how anti-oxidative properties of HKC or LA might be beneficial for the treatment of renal fibrosis in vivo. MATERIALS AND METHODS Thirty-three rats were divided into 5 groups, a Sham group, a Vehicle group, a L-HKC group, a H-HKC group and a LA group. The different doses of HKC, LA and distilled water were daily administrated for 8 weeks after the induction of DN by the unilateral nephrectomy combined with streptozotocin (STZ) intraperitoneal injections. Rat's general status, biochemical parameters, renal histological changes and OS indicators, as well as the key protein expressions in p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (p38MAPK)/serine-threonine kinase (Akt) signaling pathways and downstream cytokines including transforming growth factor (TGF)-β1 and tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α were examined, respectively. RESULTS HKC and LA ameliorated body weight, kidney weight, urinary albumin and renal function including blood urea nitrogen and serum uric acid, attenuated renal fibrosis including the cell numbers and extracellular matrix rate in glomerulus, and controlled OS indicators including malondialdehyde, total superoxide dismutase, 8-hydroxy-2'-deoxyguanosine and nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate oxidase 4, but did not lower blood glucose in DN model rats. Among them, the anti-renal fibrosis effect of H-HKC was better than that of LA. In addition, HKC simultaneously down-regulated the protein expressions of phosphorylated p38MAPK, phosphorylated Akt (p-Akt), TGF-β1 and TNF-α in the kidney of DN model rats, unlike HKC, LA only down-regulated p-Akt and TNF-α protein expressions. CONCLUSION We have demonstrated that HKC, similar to LA, is renoprotective via attenuating OS and renal fibrosis in the DN rat model. The potential mechanisms by which HKC and LA exert their therapeutic effects in vivo are respectively through down-regulating the activation of p38MAPK and/or Akt pathways as well as the expressions of TGF-β1 and/or TNF-α in the kidney. Our findings thus provide the useful information about a clinical combination of HKC and LA in early DN patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhi-Min Mao
- Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital Clinical College of Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjng, China
| | - Shan-Mei Shen
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, The Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, 321 Zhongshan Road, Nanjing 210008, China
| | - Yi-Gang Wan
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, The Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, 321 Zhongshan Road, Nanjing 210008, China.
| | - Wei Sun
- Department of Nephrology, Jiangsu Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210029, China.
| | - Hao-Li Chen
- Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital Clinical College of Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjng, China
| | - Meng-Meng Huang
- Key Laboratory of New Drug Delivery System of Chinese Meteria Medica, Jiangsu Provincial Academy of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Jing-Jing Yang
- Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital Clinical College of Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjng, China
| | - Wei Wu
- Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital Clinical College of Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjng, China
| | - Hai-Tao Tang
- Suzhong Pharmaceutical Group Co., Ltd., Taizhou, China
| | - Ren-Mao Tang
- Suzhong Pharmaceutical Group Co., Ltd., Taizhou, China
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El-said NH, Nasr-Allah MM, Sadik NA, Sharaf SA. Paraoxonase-1 activity in type 2 diabetes mellitus with and without nephropathy. THE EGYPTIAN JOURNAL OF INTERNAL MEDICINE 2015. [DOI: 10.4103/1110-7782.159451] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
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Shao X, Li N, Zhan J, Sun H, An L, Du P. Protective Effect of Compound K on Diabetic Rats. Nat Prod Commun 2015. [DOI: 10.1177/1934578x1501000206] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose Compound K (CK), the metabolic product of protopanaxadiol saponin in vivo, has many pharmacological activities. In this study, we discuss the preparation of CK, and its protective effect on kidneys of diabetic rats. CK was prepared from ginsenoside Rb1 after transformation by β-glucosidase, separation and purification by silica gel column chromatography. In the present study, we established a rat model of diabetes mellitus using high-fat diet and streptozotocin (STZ). After seven weeks of treatment, the levels of fasting blood glucose (FBG), total cholesterol (TC), total glycerin (TG), high-density lipoprotein (HDL-C), low-density lipoprotein (LDL-C), blood urea nitrogen (BUN), uric acid (UA), serum creatinine (Scr), malondialdehyde (MDA), glutathione (GSH), and superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity and glutathione peroxidase (GSH-PX) were evaluated in normal and diabetic rats. Also, renal pathomorphism changes were observed by HE stain, and TGF-β1 protein expression in the renal tissue was measured by Western blot. The yield of CK was 14.55 mg/mL, which was higher than that of other methods. After seven weeks, CK could decrease FBG, TC, TG, LDL-C, BUN, UA, Scr and MDA of diabetic rats, while CK also enhanced HDL-C and GSH, SOD and GSH-PX. Additionally, CK improved the pathological changes and decreased TGF-β1 protein expression in the renal tissue. CK improved the pathological changes in the renal tissue, enhanced the antioxidant capacity, reduced the damage of TGF-β1 to renal tissue, and protected the diabetic rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaotong Shao
- College of Pharmacy, Beihua University, Jilin, Jilin 132013, China
| | - Na Li
- College of Pharmacy, Beihua University, Jilin, Jilin 132013, China
| | - Jinzhuo Zhan
- College of Pharmacy, Beihua University, Jilin, Jilin 132013, China
| | - Hui Sun
- College of Pharmacy, Beihua University, Jilin, Jilin 132013, China
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Wang LM, Zhong NZ, Liu SJ, Zhu XY, Liu YJ. Hypoxia-induced acute lung injury is aggravated in Streptozotocin diabetic mice. Exp Lung Res 2014; 41:146-54. [DOI: 10.3109/01902148.2014.983280] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
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45
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Gokturk H, Ulusu NN, Gok M, Tuncay E, Can B, Turan B. Long-term treatment with a beta-blocker timolol attenuates renal-damage in diabetic rats via enhancing kidney antioxidant-defense system. Mol Cell Biochem 2014; 395:177-86. [DOI: 10.1007/s11010-014-2123-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2014] [Accepted: 06/02/2014] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
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46
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Yay A, Akkuş D, Yapıslar H, Balcıoglu E, Sonmez MF, Ozdamar S. Antioxidant effect of carnosine treatment on renal oxidative stress in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats. Biotech Histochem 2014; 89:552-7. [PMID: 24834928 DOI: 10.3109/10520295.2014.913811] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Nitric oxide (NO) plays a significant role in the development of diabetic nephropathy. We investigated the effects of an antioxidant, carnosine, on streptozotocin (STZ)-induced renal injury in diabetic rats. We used four groups of eight rats: group 1, control; group 2, carnosine treated; group 3, untreated diabetic; group 4, carnosine treated diabetic. Kidneys were removed and processed, and sections were stained with periodic acid-Schiff (PAS) and subjected to eNOS immunohistochemistry. Examination by light microscopy revealed degenerated glomeruli, thickened basement membrane and glycogen accumulation in the tubules of diabetic kidneys. Carnosine treatment prevented the renal morphological damage caused by diabetes. Moreover, administration of carnosine decreased somewhat the oxidative damage of diabetic nephropathy. Appropriate doses of carnosine might be a useful therapeutic option to reduce oxidative stress and associated renal injury in diabetes mellitus.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Yay
- Department of Histology and Embryology, University of Erciyes, Medical Faculty , Kayseri , Turkey
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Koh JH, Lee ES, Hyun M, Kim HM, Choi YJ, Lee EY, Yadav D, Chung CH. Taurine alleviates the progression of diabetic nephropathy in type 2 diabetic rat model. Int J Endocrinol 2014; 2014:397307. [PMID: 24707287 PMCID: PMC3953422 DOI: 10.1155/2014/397307] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2013] [Revised: 12/27/2013] [Accepted: 01/07/2014] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
The overexpression of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) is known to be involved in the pathogenesis of diabetic nephropathy. In this study, the protective effects of taurine on diabetic nephropathy along with its underlying mechanism were investigated. Experimental animals were divided into three groups: LETO rats as normal group (n = 10), OLETF rats as diabetic control group (n = 10), and OLETF rats treated with taurine group (n = 10). We treated taurine (200 mg/kg/day) for 20 weeks and treated high glucose (HG, 30 mM) with or without taurine (30 mM) in mouse cultured podocyte. After taurine treatment, blood glucose level was decreased and insulin secretion was increased. Taurine significantly reduced albuminuria and ACR. Also it decreased glomerular volume, GBM thickness and increased open slit pore density through decreased VEGF and increased nephrin mRNA expressions in renal cortex. The antioxidant effects of taurine were confirmed by the reduction of urine MDA in taurine treated diabetic group. Also reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels were decreased in HG condition with taurine treated podocytes compared to without taurine. These results indicate that taurine lowers glucose level via increased insulin secretion and ameliorates the progression of diabetic nephropathy through antifibrotic and antioxidant effects in type 2 diabetes rat model.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jang Hyun Koh
- Center for Health Promotion, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul 135-740, Republic of Korea
| | - Eun Soo Lee
- Department of Internal Medicine, Yonsei University Wonju College of Medicine, 162 Ilsan-Dong, Wonju, Gangwon-Do 220-701, Republic of Korea
| | - Miri Hyun
- Department of Internal Medicine, Soonchunhyang University Cheonan Hospital, Cheonan 330-721, Republic of Korea
| | - Hong Min Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, Yonsei University Wonju College of Medicine, 162 Ilsan-Dong, Wonju, Gangwon-Do 220-701, Republic of Korea
| | - Yoon Jung Choi
- Department of Radiology, Kangbuk Samsung Hospital, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul 110-746, Republic of Korea
| | - Eun Young Lee
- Department of Internal Medicine, Soonchunhyang University Cheonan Hospital, Cheonan 330-721, Republic of Korea
| | - Dhananjay Yadav
- Department of Internal Medicine, Yonsei University Wonju College of Medicine, 162 Ilsan-Dong, Wonju, Gangwon-Do 220-701, Republic of Korea
| | - Choon Hee Chung
- Department of Internal Medicine, Yonsei University Wonju College of Medicine, 162 Ilsan-Dong, Wonju, Gangwon-Do 220-701, Republic of Korea
- *Choon Hee Chung:
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Sargin AK, Can B, Turan B. Comparative investigation of kidney mesangial cells from increased oxidative stress-induced diabetic rats by using different microscopy techniques. Mol Cell Biochem 2013; 390:41-9. [PMID: 24374793 DOI: 10.1007/s11010-013-1953-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2013] [Accepted: 12/19/2013] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
High glucose and increased oxidative stress levels are the known important mediators of diabetic nephropathy. However, the effects of these mediators on tissue damage basically due to extracellular matrix expansion in mesangial cells have yet to be fully examined within the context of early stage diabetic nephropathy. In this study, we attempted to characterize changes in mesangial cells of streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats with a comparative investigation of kidney tissue by using different microscopy techniques. The serum levels of urea and creatinine of diabetic rats, as biomarkers of kidney degeneration, decreased significantly compared to those of age-matched controls. In diabetic rats, there are increased malondialdehyde and oxidized-glutathione levels as well as reduced-glutathione and glutathione-peroxidase activity levels in renal tissue compared to those of the controls. By using light and electron microscopies, we showed that there were marked thickening in Bowman's membrane and glomerular capillary wall, increased amount of extracellular matrix often occupying Bowman's space, degenerations in tubules, an increased number of mesangial cells in the network of glomerular capillary walls, and increased amount of lipid accumulation in proximal tubules in the renal tissue of diabetic rats. Our confocal microscopy data confirmed also the presence of irregularity and widened in glomerular capillaries, their attachment to the Bowman's capsule, degenerated heterochromatin, thickening in foci of glomerular basement membrane, and marked increase in mesangial cells. These results suggest that a detailed structural investigation of kidney tissue provides further information on the important role of mesangial cells in pathogenesis of diabetic nephropathy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ayse Kose Sargin
- Department of Histology-Embriology, Faculty of Medicine, Ankara University, Ankara, Turkey
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Xiao ZQ, Wang YL, Yue YD, Zhang YT, Chen CP, Wan LS, Deng B, Liu ZX, Chen JC. Preventive effects of polysaccharides from Liriope spicata var. prolifera on diabetic nephropathy in rats. Int J Biol Macromol 2013; 61:114-20. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2013.06.047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2013] [Revised: 06/03/2013] [Accepted: 06/26/2013] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
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Detection of potential chronic kidney disease markers in breath using gas chromatography with mass-spectral detection coupled with thermal desorption method. J Chromatogr A 2013; 1301:179-89. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2013.05.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2012] [Revised: 02/22/2013] [Accepted: 05/05/2013] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
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