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Lan KW, Huang WY, Chiu YL, Hsu FT, Chien YC, Hsiau YY, Wang TW, Keng PY. In vivo investigation of boron-rich nanodrugs for treating triple-negative breast cancers via boron neutron capture therapy. BIOMATERIALS ADVANCES 2023; 155:213699. [PMID: 37979440 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioadv.2023.213699] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2023] [Revised: 11/03/2023] [Accepted: 11/06/2023] [Indexed: 11/20/2023]
Abstract
Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) is characterized by highly proliferative cancer cells and is the only subtype of breast cancer that lacks a targeted therapy. Boron neutron capture therapy (BNCT) is an approach that combines chemotherapy with radiotherapy and can potentially offer beneficial targeted treatment for TNBC patients owing to its unique ability to eradicate cancer cells selectively while minimizing damage to the surrounding healthy cells. Since BNCT relies on specific delivery of a high loading of B10 to the tumor site, there is growing research interest to develop more potent boron-based drugs for BNCT that can overcome the limitations of small-molecule boron compounds. In this study, polyethylene-glycol-coated boron carbon oxynitride nanoparticles (PEG@BCNO) of size 134.2±23.6nm were prepared as a promising drug for BNCT owing to their high boron content and enhanced biocompatibility. The therapeutic efficiency of PEG@BCNO was compared with a state-of-the-art 10BPA boron drug in mice bearing MDA-MB-231 tumor. In the orthotopic mouse model, PEG@BCNO showed higher B10 accumulation in the tumor tissues (6 μg 10B/g tissue compared to 3 μg 10B/g tissue in mice administered B10-enriched 10BPA drug) despite using the naturally occurring 11B/10B boron precursor in the preparation of the BCNO nanoparticles. The in vivo biodistribution of PEG@BCNO in mice bearing MDA-MB-231 showed a tumor/blood ratio of ~3.5, which is comparable to that of the state-of-the-art 10BPA-fructose drug. We further demonstrated that upon neutron irradiation, the mice bearing MDA-MB-231 tumor cells treated with PEG@BCNO and 10BPA showed tumor growth delay times of 9 days and 1 day, respectively, compared to mice in the control group after BNCT. The doubling times (DTs) for mice treated with PEG@BCNO and 10BPA as well as mice in the control group were calculated to be 31.5, 19.8, and 17.7 days, respectively. Immunohistochemical staining for the p53 and caspase-3 antibodies revealed that mice treated with PEG@BCNO showed lower probability of cancer recurrence and greater level of cellular apoptosis than mice treated with 10BPA and mice in the control group. Our study thus demonstrates the potential of pegylated BCNO nanoparticles in effectively inhibiting the growth of TNBC tumors compared to the state-of-the-art boron drug 10BPA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kai-Wei Lan
- Department of Material Science and Engineering, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu City 300, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Wei-Yuan Huang
- Department of Material Science and Engineering, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu City 300, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Yi-Lin Chiu
- Department of Material Science and Engineering, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu City 300, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Fang-Tzu Hsu
- Department of Material Science and Engineering, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu City 300, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Yun-Chen Chien
- Department of Material Science and Engineering, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu City 300, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Yong-Yun Hsiau
- College of Engineering, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu City 300, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Tzu-Wei Wang
- Department of Material Science and Engineering, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu City 300, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Pei Yuin Keng
- Department of Material Science and Engineering, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu City 300, Taiwan, ROC.
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2
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Jin S, Li H, Xu Y. Preparation and Characterization of Trastuzumab Fab-Conjugated Liposomes (Immunoliposomes). Methods Mol Biol 2023; 2622:197-205. [PMID: 36781762 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-0716-2954-3_17] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/15/2023]
Abstract
Immunoliposomes are made by conjugating antibodies or antibody fragments on liposome surfaces. Antibody fragments Fab', single-chain Fv fragments (scFv), or new constructs such as nanobodies are commonly used instead of whole IgGs for reduced risk immunogenicity. Here we described the preparation and characterization of immunoliposome-containing trastuzumab Fabs on the surface. The targeting ligand Fab-PEG-DSPE was synthesized by site-specific coupling between the C-terminal cysteine of the Fab and the maleimide group at the distal end of a DSPE-PEG. It was incorporated into preformed liposomes at 60 °C above the lipid bilayer phase transition temperature. The binding avidity of the immunoliposomes containing different Fab valencies was characterized using biolayer interferometry.
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Affiliation(s)
- ShanShan Jin
- Hangzhou Highfiled Bipharmaceuticals Inc., Hangzhou, China
| | - Huimin Li
- Yunnan Key Laboratory of Screening and Research on Anti-pathogen Plant Resources in Western Yunnan, Dali University, Dali, China
| | - Yuhong Xu
- Yunnan Key Laboratory of Screening and Research on Anti-pathogen Plant Resources in Western Yunnan, Dali University, Dali, China.
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3
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Di J, Xie F, Xu Y. When liposomes met antibodies: Drug delivery and beyond. Adv Drug Deliv Rev 2020; 154-155:151-162. [PMID: 32926944 DOI: 10.1016/j.addr.2020.09.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2020] [Revised: 09/07/2020] [Accepted: 09/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Drug encapsulated liposomes and monoclonal antibodies (Mabs) are two distinctively different classes of therapeutics, but both aim to become the ultimate "magic bullet". While PEGylated liposomes rely on the enhanced permeability and retention (EPR) effect for accumulation in solid tumor tissues, Mabs are designed to bind tightly to specific surface antigens on target cells to exert effector functions. Immunoliposome (IL) refers to the structural combination of liposomes and antibodies, whereas the antibodies are usually decorated on the liposome surface. ILs can therefore take advantage of interactions between antibodies and cancer cells for more efficient endocytosis and intracellular drug delivery. The antibody structure, affinity, density, as well as the liposome surface properties and drug to lipid ratios all contribute to the IL pharmacokinetic(PK) and pharmacodynamic(PD) behaviors. The optimal formulation parameters may vary for different target cells and tissues. Furthermore, besides the delivery of cytotoxic drugs to cancer cells, new ILs are being developed to interact with multiple target receptors, multiple target cells and trigger multiple therapeutic effects. We envision that the IL format can be a great platform for the molecular engineering of multi-valent, multi-specific interactions to achieve complex biological functions for therapeutic benefits, especially in the area of cancer immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiaxing Di
- School of Pharmacy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, China
| | - Fang Xie
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, United States of America
| | - Yuhong Xu
- College of Pharmacy and Chemistry, Dali University, China.
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4
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Shakirova JR, Sadeghi A, Koblova AA, Chelushkin PS, Toropainen E, Tavakoli S, Kontturi LS, Lajunen T, Tunik SP, Urtti A. Design and synthesis of lipid-mimetic cationic iridium complexes and their liposomal formulation for in vitro and in vivo application in luminescent bioimaging. RSC Adv 2020; 10:14431-14440. [PMID: 35498460 PMCID: PMC9051922 DOI: 10.1039/d0ra01114b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2020] [Accepted: 03/30/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Two iridium [Ir(N^C)2(N^N)]+ complexes with the diimine N^N ligand containing a long polymethylene hydrophobic chain were synthesized and characterized by using NMR and ESI mass-spectrometry: N^N - 2-(1-hexadecyl-1H-imidazol-2-yl)pyridine, N^C - methyl-2-phenylquinoline-4-carboxylate (Ir1) and 2-phenylquinoline-4-carboxylic acid (Ir2). These complexes were used to prepare the luminescent PEGylated DPPC liposomes (DPPC/DSPE-PEG2000/Ir-complex = 95/4.5/1 mol%) using a thin film hydration method. The narrowly dispersed liposomes had diameters of about 110 nm. The photophysics of the complexes and labeled liposomes were carefully studied. Ir1 and Ir2 give red emission (λ em = 667 and 605 nm) with a lifetime in the microsecond domain and quantum yields of 4.8% and 10.0% in degassed solution. Incorporation of the complexes into the liposome lipid bilayer results in shielding of the emitters from interaction with molecular oxygen and partial suppression of excited state nonradiative relaxation due to the effect of the relatively rigid bilayer matrix. Delivery of labeled liposomes to the cultured ARPE-19 cells demonstrated the usefulness of Ir1 and Ir2 in cellular imaging. Labeled liposomes were then injected intravitreally into rat eyes and imaged successfully with optical coherence tomography and funduscopy. In conclusion, iridium complexes enabled the successful labeling and imaging of liposomes in cells and animals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julia R Shakirova
- St. Petersburg State University, Institute of Chemistry Universitetskii pr., 26 198504 St. Petersburg Russia
| | - Amir Sadeghi
- School of Pharmacy, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Eastern Finland Yliopistonranta 1C 70211 Kuopio Finland
| | - Alla A Koblova
- St. Petersburg State University, Institute of Chemistry Universitetskii pr., 26 198504 St. Petersburg Russia
| | - Pavel S Chelushkin
- St. Petersburg State University, Institute of Chemistry Universitetskii pr., 26 198504 St. Petersburg Russia
| | - Elisa Toropainen
- School of Pharmacy, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Eastern Finland Yliopistonranta 1C 70211 Kuopio Finland
| | - Shirin Tavakoli
- Drug Research Program, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Helsinki Viikinkaari 5 E 00710 Helsinki Finland
| | - Leena-Stiina Kontturi
- Drug Research Program, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Helsinki Viikinkaari 5 E 00710 Helsinki Finland
| | - Tatu Lajunen
- Drug Research Program, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Helsinki Viikinkaari 5 E 00710 Helsinki Finland
- Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Technology, Department of Pharmaceutical Science, Tokyo University of Pharmacy & Life Sciences 1432-1 Hachioji 192-0392 Tokyo Japan
| | - Sergey P Tunik
- St. Petersburg State University, Institute of Chemistry Universitetskii pr., 26 198504 St. Petersburg Russia
| | - Arto Urtti
- St. Petersburg State University, Institute of Chemistry Universitetskii pr., 26 198504 St. Petersburg Russia
- School of Pharmacy, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Eastern Finland Yliopistonranta 1C 70211 Kuopio Finland
- Drug Research Program, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Helsinki Viikinkaari 5 E 00710 Helsinki Finland
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Abstract
Early researchers focussed on developing stimuli-responsive liposomes in order to manipulate drug release at the site of action or under certain conditions. In recent times, a great deal of efforts has been made to modify the surface of liposomes with ligands for the purpose of achieving targeted drug delivery. Due to the morphology of liposomes, their surfaces can be engineered by attaching molecules such as oligosaccharides, peptides, antibodies, antigens and oligonucleotides to the bilayer structure. Over the years, a number of techniques including the use of covalent and non-covalent linkages have been utilised in designing ligand-liposome conjugates. In this review, various strategies for the functionalisation of liposomes as well as the different types of ligand-liposome conjugates have been discussed. Finally, the pros and cons of conjugation in liposomes are concisely summarised.
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Affiliation(s)
- İpek Eroğlu
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Basic Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Mamudu İbrahim
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Basic Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey
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Shi J, Wu Y, Guo S, Zhang H, Chen G, Xu X. The efficacy of anti-VEGF antibody-modified liposomes loaded with paeonol in the prevention and treatment of hypertrophic scars. Drug Dev Ind Pharm 2018; 45:439-455. [DOI: 10.1080/03639045.2018.1546315] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Jun Shi
- Department of Chinese medicine, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University of China, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Yanting Wu
- Department of Chinese medicine, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University of China, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Siyi Guo
- Department of Chinese medicine, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University of China, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Huidi Zhang
- Department of Chinese medicine, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University of China, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Guitian Chen
- Department of Chinese medicine, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University of China, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Xiaoqi Xu
- Department of Chinese medicine, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University of China, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
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Bardania H, Tarvirdipour S, Dorkoosh F. Liposome-targeted delivery for highly potent drugs. ARTIFICIAL CELLS NANOMEDICINE AND BIOTECHNOLOGY 2017; 45:1478-1489. [DOI: 10.1080/21691401.2017.1290647] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Hassan Bardania
- Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Yasuj University of Medical Sciences, Yasuj, Iran
| | - Shabnam Tarvirdipour
- Biomedical Division, Faculty of Chemical Engineering, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Farid Dorkoosh
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Medical Biomaterial Research Center (MBRC), Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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8
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Lajunen T, Nurmi R, Kontturi L, Viitala L, Yliperttula M, Murtomäki L, Urtti A. Light activated liposomes: Functionality and prospects in ocular drug delivery. J Control Release 2016; 244:157-166. [PMID: 27565215 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2016.08.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2016] [Revised: 08/08/2016] [Accepted: 08/21/2016] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Ocular drug delivery, especially to the retina and choroid, is a major challenge in drug development. Liposome technology may be useful in ophthalmology in enabling new routes of delivery, prolongation of drug action and intracellular drug delivery, but drug release from the liposomes should be controlled. For that purpose, light activation may be an approach to release drug at specified time and site in the eye. Technical advances have been made in the field of light activated drug release, particularly indocyanine green loaded liposomes are a promising approach with safe materials and effective light triggered release of small and large molecules. This review discusses the liposomal drug delivery with light activated systems in the context of ophthalmic drug delivery challenges.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tatu Lajunen
- Centre for Drug Research, Division of Pharmaceutical Biosciences, University of Helsinki, Viikinkaari 5 E, 00790 Helsinki, Finland
| | - Riikka Nurmi
- Centre for Drug Research, Division of Pharmaceutical Biosciences, University of Helsinki, Viikinkaari 5 E, 00790 Helsinki, Finland
| | - Leena Kontturi
- Centre for Drug Research, Division of Pharmaceutical Biosciences, University of Helsinki, Viikinkaari 5 E, 00790 Helsinki, Finland; Department of Pharmaceutics, University of Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Lauri Viitala
- Department of Chemistry, Aalto University, Espoo, Finland
| | - Marjo Yliperttula
- Centre for Drug Research, Division of Pharmaceutical Biosciences, University of Helsinki, Viikinkaari 5 E, 00790 Helsinki, Finland; Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
| | | | - Arto Urtti
- Centre for Drug Research, Division of Pharmaceutical Biosciences, University of Helsinki, Viikinkaari 5 E, 00790 Helsinki, Finland; School of Pharmacy, University of Eastern Finland, 70211 Kuopio, Finland.
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9
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Lazarus GG, Singh M. In vitro cytotoxic activity and transfection efficiency of polyethyleneimine functionalized gold nanoparticles. Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces 2016; 145:906-911. [PMID: 27341304 DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfb.2016.05.072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2015] [Revised: 05/24/2016] [Accepted: 05/25/2016] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
In this study, we report on the synthesis of polyethyleneimine (PEI) coated gold nanoparticles for potential application as non-viral gene carriers. In the presence of the electrolyte, sodium citrate, the electrophoretic mobility confirmed the electroneutral nature of the nanocomplex. MTT cell viability assays showed that the Au-PEI/pDNA complexes maintained over 60% cell viability across the four cell lines tested. Transfection studies were accomplished using the luciferase reporter gene assay. Results showed that the FAuNPs produced greater transgene activity than the cationic polymer/DNA complexes on their own. This was evident for the Au-PEI/pDNA complex which produced a 12 fold increase in the HEK293 cells and a 9 fold increase in the HepG2 cells, compared to the PEI/pDNA complexes.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Moganavelli Singh
- Discipline of Biochemistry, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, South Africa
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10
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Immunoliposome-mediated drug delivery to Plasmodium -infected and non-infected red blood cells as a dual therapeutic/prophylactic antimalarial strategy. J Control Release 2015; 210:217-29. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2015.05.284] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2015] [Revised: 05/20/2015] [Accepted: 05/21/2015] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
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Golkar N, Tamaddon AM, Samani SM. Effect of lipid composition on incorporation of trastuzumab-PEG-lipid into nanoliposomes by post-insertion method: physicochemical and cellular characterization. J Liposome Res 2015; 26:113-25. [DOI: 10.3109/08982104.2015.1048692] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
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12
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Next generation delivery system for proteins and genes of therapeutic purpose: why and how? BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2014; 2014:327950. [PMID: 25126554 PMCID: PMC4122142 DOI: 10.1155/2014/327950] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2014] [Accepted: 04/09/2014] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Proteins and genes of therapeutic interests in conjunction with different delivery systems are growing towards new heights. "Next generation delivery systems" may provide more efficient platform for delivery of proteins and genes. In the present review, snapshots about the benefits of proteins or gene therapy, general procedures for therapeutic protein or gene delivery system, and different next generation delivery system such as liposome, PEGylation, HESylation, and nanoparticle based delivery have been depicted with their detailed explanation.
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Cho H, Stuart JM, Magid R, Danila DC, Hunsaker T, Pinkhassik E, Hasty KA. Theranostic immunoliposomes for osteoarthritis. NANOMEDICINE-NANOTECHNOLOGY BIOLOGY AND MEDICINE 2013; 10:619-27. [PMID: 24096032 DOI: 10.1016/j.nano.2013.09.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2013] [Revised: 07/15/2013] [Accepted: 09/19/2013] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
UNLABELLED Although there have been substantial advancements in the treatment of inflammatory arthritis, treatments for osteoarthritis (OA) have lagged and currently are primarily palliative until joints become totally dysfunctional and prosthetic replacement is needed. One obstacle for developing a preventive therapy for OA is the lack of good tools for efficiently diagnosing the disease and monitoring its progression during the early stages when the effect of therapeutic drugs or biologics is most likely to be effective. We have developed near infrared immunoliposomes conjugated with type II collagen antibody for diagnosis and treatment of early OA. These immunoliposomes bind to damaged but not normal cartilage. Utilizing these reagents, we can quantitate exposure of type II collagen during cartilage degradation in individual joints in vivo in a guinea pig. Immunoliposomes could be used to determine the effectiveness of therapeutic interventions in small animals as well as vehicles for localized drug delivery to OA chondrocytes. FROM THE CLINICAL EDITOR This team of authors have developed near infrared immunoliposomes conjugated with type II collagen antibody for diagnosis and treatment of early OA, with promising results demonstrated in a guinea pig model.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongsik Cho
- University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN, USA; Campbell Clinnic, Memphis, TN, USA; Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Memphis, TN, USA
| | | | - Richard Magid
- University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN, USA
| | | | | | | | - Karen A Hasty
- University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN, USA; Campbell Clinnic, Memphis, TN, USA; Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Memphis, TN, USA.
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14
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Alves NJ, Cusick W, Stefanick JF, Ashley JD, Handlogten MW, Bilgicer B. Functionalized liposome purification via Liposome Extruder Purification (LEP). Analyst 2013; 138:4746-51. [PMID: 23841107 DOI: 10.1039/c3an00680h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Liposome Extruder Purification (LEP) allows for the rapid purification of diverse liposome formulations using the same extrusion apparatus employed during liposome formation. The LEP process provides a means for purifying functionalized liposomes from non-conjugated drug or protein contaminants with >93% liposome recovery and >93% contaminant removal in a single step.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nathan J Alves
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Notre Dame, 165 Fitzpatrick Hall, Notre Dame, IN 46556-5637, USA
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15
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Biological Atomic Force Microscopy for Imaging Gold-Labeled Liposomes on Human Coronary Artery Endothelial Cells. JOURNAL OF PHARMACEUTICS 2013; 2013:875906. [PMID: 26555999 PMCID: PMC4590807 DOI: 10.1155/2013/875906] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2012] [Accepted: 01/18/2013] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Although atomic force microscopy (AFM) has been used extensively to characterize cell membrane structure and cellular processes such as endocytosis and exocytosis, the corrugated surface of the cell membrane hinders the visualization of extracellular entities, such as liposomes, that may interact with the cell. To overcome this barrier, we used 90 nm nanogold particles to label FITC liposomes and monitor their endocytosis on human coronary artery endothelial cells (HCAECs) in vitro. We were able to study the internalization process of gold-coupled liposomes on endothelial cells, by using AFM. We found that the gold-liposomes attached to the HCAEC cell membrane during the first 15–30 min of incubation, liposome cell internalization occurred from 30 to 60 min, and most of the gold-labeled liposomes had invaginated after 2 hr of incubation. Liposomal uptake took place most commonly at the periphery of the nuclear zone. Dynasore monohydrate, an inhibitor of endocytosis, obstructed the internalization of the gold-liposomes. This study showed the versatility of the AFM technique, combined with fluorescent microscopy, for investigating liposome uptake by endothelial cells. The 90 nm colloidal gold nanoparticles proved to be a noninvasive contrast agent that efficiently improves AFM imaging during the investigation of biological nanoprocesses.
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16
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Lee JS, Groothuis T, Cusan C, Mink D, Feijen J. Lysosomally cleavable peptide-containing polymersomes modified with anti-EGFR antibody for systemic cancer chemotherapy. Biomaterials 2011; 32:9144-53. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2011.08.036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 85] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2011] [Accepted: 08/14/2011] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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17
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Libutti SK, Paciotti GF, Byrnes AA, Alexander HR, Gannon WE, Walker M, Seidel GD, Yuldasheva N, Tamarkin L. Phase I and pharmacokinetic studies of CYT-6091, a novel PEGylated colloidal gold-rhTNF nanomedicine. Clin Cancer Res 2010; 16:6139-49. [PMID: 20876255 PMCID: PMC3004980 DOI: 10.1158/1078-0432.ccr-10-0978] [Citation(s) in RCA: 455] [Impact Index Per Article: 32.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE A novel nanomedicine, CYT-6091, constructed by simultaneously binding recombinant human tumor necrosis factor alpha (rhTNF) and thiolyated polyethylene glycol to the surface of 27-nm colloidal gold particles, was tested in a phase I dose escalation clinical trial in advanced stage cancer patients. EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN CYT-6091, whose dosing was based on the amount of rhTNF in the nanomedicine, was injected intravenously, and 1 cycle of treatment consisted of 2 treatments administered 14 days apart. RESULTS Doses from 50 μg/m(2) to 600 μg/m(2) were well tolerated, and no maximum tolerated dose (MTD) was reached, as the highest dose exceeded the target dosage of 1-mg rhTNF per treatment, exceeding the previous MTD for native rhTNF by 3-fold. The first 2 patients on the study, each receiving 50 μg/m(2), did not receive any prophylactic antipyretics or H2 blockade. A predicted, yet controllable fever occurred in these patients, so all subsequently treated patients received prophylactic antipyretics and H2 blockers. However, even at the highest dose rhTNF's dose-limiting toxic effect of hypotension was not seen. Using electron microscopy to visualize nanoparticles of gold in patient biopsies of tumor and healthy tissue showed that patient biopsies taken 24 hours after treatment had nanoparticles of gold in tumor tissue. CONCLUSIONS These data indicate that rhTNF formulated as CYT-6091 may be administered systemically at doses of rhTNF that were previously shown to be toxic and that CYT-6091 may target to tumors. Future clinical studies will focus on combining CYT-6091 with approved chemotherapies for the systemic treatment of nonresectable cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Giulio F. Paciotti
- CytImmune Sciences, Inc., 9640 Medical Center Drive, Rockville, MD 20850
| | - Adriana A. Byrnes
- Clinical Monitoring Research Program, SAIC-Frederick, Inc., NCI-Frederick, Frederick, MD 21702
| | | | - William E. Gannon
- Capital City Technical Consulting, Inc., 515 5 Street, NE, Washington, D.C. 20002
| | - Melissa Walker
- Surgery Branch, CCR, NCI, 10 Center Drive, Bethesda, MD 20892
| | - Geoffrey D. Seidel
- Clinical Monitoring Research Program, SAIC-Frederick, Inc., NCI-Frederick, Frederick, MD 21702
| | | | - Lawrence Tamarkin
- CytImmune Sciences, Inc., 9640 Medical Center Drive, Rockville, MD 20850
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Abstract
The safety and efficacy of protein therapeutics are limited by three interrelated pharmaceutical issues, in vitro and in vivo instability, immunogenicity and shorter half-lives. Novel drug modifications for overcoming these issues are under investigation and include covalent attachment of poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG), polysialic acid, or glycolic acid, as well as developing new formulations containing nanoparticulate or colloidal systems (e.g., liposomes, polymeric microspheres, polymeric nanoparticles). Such strategies have the potential to develop as next generation protein therapeutics. This review includes a general discussion on these delivery approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dipak S. Pisal
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University at Buffalo, The State University of New York, Amherst, NY14260, USA
| | - Matthew P. Kosloski
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University at Buffalo, The State University of New York, Amherst, NY14260, USA
| | - Sathy V. Balu-Iyer
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University at Buffalo, The State University of New York, Amherst, NY14260, USA
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Drulis-Kawa Z, Dorotkiewicz-Jach A. Liposomes as delivery systems for antibiotics. Int J Pharm 2010; 387:187-98. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2009.11.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 222] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2009] [Revised: 11/25/2009] [Accepted: 11/27/2009] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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20
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Omokawa Y, Miyazaki T, Walde P, Akiyama K, Sugahara T, Masuda S, Inada A, Ohnishi Y, Saeki T, Kato K. In vitro and in vivo anti-tumor effects of novel Span 80 vesicles containing immobilized Eucheuma serra agglutinin. Int J Pharm 2010; 389:157-67. [PMID: 20100554 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2010.01.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2009] [Revised: 01/15/2010] [Accepted: 01/19/2010] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
The lectin Eucheuma serra agglutinin (ESA) is known from previous studies to specifically bind to high-mannose type N-glycans and to induce apoptotic cancer cell death in vitro. In this study, Span 80 vesicles, with an average diameter between about 200 and 400 nm, containing immobilized ESA were prepared from the nonionic surfactant Span 80, also known as sorbitan monooleate. The vesicles were investigated in vitro and in vivo to evaluate the vesicles's potential applicability as novel drug delivery system. The results obtained are promising since the following was observed: (i) vesicular ESA had the same hemagglutinating activity as free ESA, demonstrating its biological activity when bound to the vesicles; (ii) vesicles containing immobilized ESA decreased the viability of Colo201 cancer cells in vitro while the growth of normal cells was not affected; (iii) the vesicles showed binding to Colo201 cells in vitro and caused inhibition of cancer cell growth in nude mice to which the vesicle-treated cells were added; (iv) the vesicles diminished tumor growth after intravenous administration to nude mice which contained an implanted Colo201 tumor; (v) the vesicles showed a tendency to accumulate at the site of the tumor 6h after i.v. administration to nude mice. Thus, all measurements carried out indicate that this type of Span 80 vesicle can be considered as promising alternatives to conventional phospholipid-based vesicles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yousuke Omokawa
- Department of Materials Science and Biotechnology, Graduate School of Science and Engineering, Ehime University, 3 Bunkyo-cho, Matsuyama, Ehime 790-8577, Japan
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21
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Iha RK, Wooley KL, Nyström AM, Burke DJ, Kade MJ, Hawker CJ. Applications of orthogonal "click" chemistries in the synthesis of functional soft materials. Chem Rev 2009; 109:5620-86. [PMID: 19905010 PMCID: PMC3165017 DOI: 10.1021/cr900138t] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1174] [Impact Index Per Article: 78.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Rhiannon K. Iha
- Department of Chemistry, Department of Radiology, Washington University in Saint Louis, Saint Louis, Missouri 63130, USA
| | - Karen L. Wooley
- Department of Chemistry, Department of Radiology, Washington University in Saint Louis, Saint Louis, Missouri 63130, USA
- Department of Chemistry, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77842
| | - Andreas M. Nyström
- Cancer Center Karolinska, Department of Oncology-Pathology CCK, R8:03 Karolinska Hospital and Institute, SE-171 76 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Daniel J. Burke
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Department of Materials, and Materials Research Laboratory, University of California, Santa Barbara, California 93106, USA
| | - Matthew J. Kade
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Department of Materials, and Materials Research Laboratory, University of California, Santa Barbara, California 93106, USA
| | - Craig J. Hawker
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Department of Materials, and Materials Research Laboratory, University of California, Santa Barbara, California 93106, USA
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22
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Dai W, Yang T, Wang X, Wang J, Zhang X, Zhang Q. PHSCNK-Modified and doxorubicin-loaded liposomes as a dual targeting system to integrin-overexpressing tumor neovasculature and tumor cells. J Drug Target 2009; 18:254-63. [DOI: 10.3109/10611860903353354] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
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23
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Shi M, Lu J, Shoichet MS. Organic nanoscale drug carriers coupled with ligands for targeted drug delivery in cancer. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2009. [DOI: 10.1039/b822319j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
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24
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Lin X, Zhou R, Qiao Y, Jin F, Zhai Y, Xing J, Deng L, Dong A. Poly(ethylene glycol)/poly(ethyl cyanoacrylate) amphiphilic triblock copolymer nanoparticles as delivery vehicles for dexamethasone. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2008. [DOI: 10.1002/pola.23083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaona Lin
- Department of Polymer Science and Technology, School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300072, China
| | - Ruimei Zhou
- Department of Polymer Science and Technology, School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300072, China
| | - Yong Qiao
- Department of Polymer Science and Technology, School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300072, China
| | - Fengmin Jin
- Department of Polymer Science and Technology, School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300072, China
| | - Yinglei Zhai
- Department of Polymer Science and Technology, School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300072, China
| | - Jinfeng Xing
- Department of Polymer Science and Technology, School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300072, China
| | - Liandong Deng
- Department of Polymer Science and Technology, School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300072, China
| | - Anjie Dong
- Department of Polymer Science and Technology, School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300072, China
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25
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Patlolla RR, Vobalaboina V. Folate-targeted etoposide-encapsulated lipid nanospheres. J Drug Target 2008; 16:269-75. [DOI: 10.1080/10611860801945400] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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26
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27
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Synthesis of closo-Dodecaboryl Lipids and their Liposomal Formation for Boron Neutron Capture Therapy. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2008. [DOI: 10.1007/s12030-008-9000-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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28
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Yang J, Cho EJ, Seo S, Lee JW, Yoon HG, Suh JS, Huh YM, Haam S. Enhancement of cellular binding efficiency and cytotoxicity using polyethylene glycol base triblock copolymeric nanoparticles for targeted drug delivery. J Biomed Mater Res A 2008; 84:273-80. [PMID: 17688283 DOI: 10.1002/jbm.a.31312] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Folate (FA) conjugated tri-block copolymers were prepared by bioconjugation of poly epsilon-caprolactonediol and various molecular weights of diamine polyethylene glycol. The synthetic tri-block copolymers were characterized by 1H-NMR. Three types of nanoparticles were prepared by nanoprecipitation. Their size and morphology were verified by laser scattering and transmission electron microscopy, respectively. The colloidal stability of the nanoparticles was evaluated by turbidity test. The anticancer drug doxorubicin (DOX) was encapsulated in the nanoparticles during preparation. Drug loading amounts and release behavior from prepared nanoparticles were investigated. Fluorescent-activated cell sorting analysis and epi-fluorescencic microscopic imaging of prepared nanoparticles exhibited good cellular uptake against target cells. FA receptor expressed OVCAR3 cells that showed higher mean fluorescence intensity than FA receptor defect A549 cells at specific polyethylene glycol chain lengths. The cell cytotoxicity of prepared nanoparticles was evaluated for receptor mediated drug delivery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jaemoon Yang
- Department of Chemical Engineering, College of Engineering, Yonsei University, Seoul 120-749, South Korea
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29
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Xianghua Y, Zirong X. The use of immunoliposome for nutrient target regulation (a review). Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2006; 46:629-38. [PMID: 17092828 DOI: 10.1080/10408390500507167] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
Although research on the role of genetically engineered antibodies and liposomes in the immunology or the nutrition field is extensive, there is no case for immunoliposome to nutrient target regulation. It is known that liposomes are spherical particles that encapsulate a fraction of the solvent, in which they freely diffuse (float) into their interior. Therefore, identification of immunoliposomes in hypothalamic site or intestinal epithelial cells that are differentially regulated by liposomes encapsulating nutrients or drugs will be an important step toward understanding the role of immunoliposomes in nutrition regulation progression and ingredient stability. Consequently, a useful model (immunoliposomal nutrient delivery system, ILNDS) of nutrient target regulation via immunoliposomes is designed to regulate the endocrine system effectively. This review focuses on antibody libraries' construction, display and selection, a brief introduction of immunoliposome, and how to use ILNDS for nutrient target regulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Xianghua
- College of Animal Sciences and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, P.R. China.
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30
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Miyajima Y, Nakamura H, Kuwata Y, Lee JD, Masunaga S, Ono K, Maruyama K. Transferrin-Loaded nido-Carborane Liposomes: Tumor-Targeting Boron Delivery System for Neutron Capture Therapy. Bioconjug Chem 2006; 17:1314-20. [PMID: 16984142 DOI: 10.1021/bc060064k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 83] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
The nido-carborane lipid 2 as a double-tailed boron lipid was synthesized from heptadecanol in five steps. The lipid 2 formed stable liposomes at 25% molar ratio toward DSPC with cholesterol. Transferrin was able to be introduced on the surface of boron liposomes (Tf(+)-PEG-CL liposomes) by the coupling of transferrin to the PEG-CO(2)H moieties of Tf(-)-PEG-CL liposomes. The biodistribution of Tf(+)-PEG-CL liposomes, in which (125)I-tyraminyl inulins were encapsulated, showed that Tf(+)-PEG-CL liposomes accumulated in tumor tissues and stayed there for a sufficiently long time to increase tumor/blood concentration ratio, although Tf(-)-PEG-CL liposomes were gradually released from tumor tissues with time. A boron concentration of 22 ppm in tumor tissues was achieved by the injection of Tf(+)-PEG-CL liposomes at 7.2 mg/kg body weight boron in tumor-bearing mice. After neutron irradiation, the average survival rate of mice not treated with Tf(+)-PEG-CL liposomes was 21 days, whereas that of the treated mice was 31 days. Longer survival rates were observed in the mice treated with Tf(+)-PEG-CL liposomes; one of them even survived for 52 days after BNCT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yusuke Miyajima
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Gakushuin University, Tokyo 171-8588, Japan
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31
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Yanagie H, Maruyama K, Takizawa T, Ishida O, Ogura K, Matsumoto T, Sakurai Y, Kobayashi T, Shinohara A, Rant J, Skvarc J, Ilic R, Kuhne G, Chiba M, Furuya Y, Sugiyama H, Hisa T, Ono K, Kobayashi H, Eriguchi M. Application of boron-entrapped stealth liposomes to inhibition of growth of tumour cells in the in vivo boron neutron-capture therapy model. Biomed Pharmacother 2005; 60:43-50. [PMID: 16260113 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2005.05.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2004] [Revised: 04/20/2005] [Accepted: 05/20/2005] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Tumour cell destruction in boron neutron-capture therapy (BNCT) is due to the nuclear reaction between (10)B and thermal neutrons. It is necessary for effective BNCT therapy to accumulate (10)B atoms in the tumour cells. The delivery system consisted of polyethylene-glycol (PEG) binding liposomes (DPPC/cholesterol/DSPC-PEG2000) with an entrapped (10)B-compound and we evaluated the cytotoxic effects of intravenously injected (10)B-PEG-liposomes on human pancreatic carcinoma xenografts in nude mice with thermal neutron irradiation. After thermal neutron irradiation of mice injected with (10)B-PEG-liposomes, growth of AsPC-1 tumours was suppressed relative to controls. Injection of (10)B-PEG-liposomes caused the greatest tumour suppression with thermal neutron irradiation in vivo. These results suggest that intravenous injection of (10)B-PEG-liposomes can increase the retention of (10)B atoms by tumour cells, causing suppression of tumour growth in vivo, after thermal neutron irradiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Yanagie
- Department of Intellectual Property, Incubation Project: Inhibition of Cancer Metastasis, Research Centre for Advanced Science and Technology, The University of Tokyo, Japan.
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32
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Dziubla TD, Karim A, Muzykantov VR. Polymer nanocarriers protecting active enzyme cargo against proteolysis. J Control Release 2005; 102:427-39. [PMID: 15653162 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2004.10.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 84] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2004] [Accepted: 10/15/2004] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Polymeric nanocarriers (PNCs), proposed as an attractive vehicle for vascular drug delivery, remain an orphan technology for enzyme therapies due to poor loading and inactivation of protein cargoes. To unite enzyme delivery by PNC with a clinically relevant goal of containment of vascular oxidative stress, a novel freeze-thaw encapsulation strategy was designed and provides approximately 20% efficiency loading of an active large antioxidant enzyme, catalase, into PNC (200-300 nm) composed of biodegradable block copolymers poly(ethylene glycol)-b-poly(lactic-glycolic acid). Catalase's substrate, H(2)O(2), was freely diffusible in the PNC polymer. Furthermore, PNC-loaded catalase stably retained 25-30% of H(2)O(2)-degrading activity for at least 18 h in a proteolytic environment, while free catalase lost activity within 1 h. Delivery and protection of catalase from lysosomal degradation afforded by PNC nanotechnology may advance effectiveness and duration of treatment of diverse disease conditions associated with vascular oxidative stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas D Dziubla
- Institute for Environmental Medicine, University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine, 1 John Morgan/6068, 3620 Hamilton Walk, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA.
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33
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Meng F, Engbers GHM, Feijen J. Biodegradable polymersomes as a basis for artificial cells: encapsulation, release and targeting. J Control Release 2005; 101:187-98. [PMID: 15588904 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2004.09.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 162] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2004] [Accepted: 09/08/2004] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
The encapsulation of biofunctional compounds, release properties and targetability of polymersomes of amphiphilic block-copolymers based on poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG) and biodegradable polyesters or polycarbonate are described. Carboxyfluorescein (CF), as a model for hydrophilic biofunctional compounds, could be readily incorporated in the polymersomes by adding the compound to the aqueous phase during polymersome preparation. The release of encapsulated material from the polymersomes can be adjusted by changing the copolymer composition, especially the molecular weight and type of hydrophobic block of the copolymer. The presence of plasma proteins other than albumin suppressed the release of CF. CF release in PBS both at room temperature and at 60 degrees C followed first order kinetics, confirming that the CF containing polymersome system is a membrane controlled reservoir system. These biodegradable polymersomes have the potential to be targeted to specific sites in the body as shown by the specific interaction of anti-human serum albumin immobilized polymersomes with a human serum albumin coated sensor surface.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fenghua Meng
- Institute for Biomedical Technology (BMTI), Polymer Chemistry and Biomaterials Group, Department of Chemical Technology, University of Twente, P.O. Box 217, 7500 AE Enschede, The Netherlands
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34
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Paciotti GF, Myer L, Weinreich D, Goia D, Pavel N, McLaughlin RE, Tamarkin L. Colloidal gold: a novel nanoparticle vector for tumor directed drug delivery. Drug Deliv 2004; 11:169-83. [PMID: 15204636 DOI: 10.1080/10717540490433895] [Citation(s) in RCA: 673] [Impact Index Per Article: 33.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Colloidal gold, a sol comprised of nanoparticles of Au(0), has been used as a therapeutic for the treatment of cancer as well as an indicator for immunodiagnostics. However, the use of these gold nanoparticles for in vivo drug delivery has never been described. This communication outlines the development of a colloidal gold (cAu) nanoparticle vector that targets the delivery of tumor necrosis factor (TNF) to a solid tumor growing in mice. The optimal vector, designated PT-cAu-TNF, consists of molecules of thiol-derivatized PEG (PT) and recombinant human TNF that are directly bound onto the surface of the gold nanoparticles. Following intravenous administration, PT-cAu-TNF rapidly accumulates in MC-38 colon carcinoma tumors and shows little to no accumulation in the livers, spleens (i.e., the RES) or other healthy organs of the animals. The tumor accumulation was evidenced by a marked change in the color of the tumor as it acquired the bright red/purple color of the colloidal gold sol and was coincident with the active and tumor-specific sequestration of TNF. Finally, PT-cAu-TNF was less toxic and more effective in reducing tumor burden than native TNF since maximal antitumor responses were achieved at lower doses of drug.
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35
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Luciani A, Olivier JC, Clement O, Siauve N, Brillet PY, Bessoud B, Gazeau F, Uchegbu IF, Kahn E, Frija G, Cuenod CA. Glucose-Receptor MR Imaging of Tumors: Study in Mice with PEGylated Paramagnetic Niosomes. Radiology 2004; 231:135-42. [PMID: 15068944 DOI: 10.1148/radiol.2311021559] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE To evaluate a magnetic resonance (MR) imaging contrast agent for tumor detection based on paramagnetic nonionic vesicles (niosomes) bearing polyethylene glycol (PEG) and glucose conjugates for the targeting of overexpressed glucose receptors. MATERIALS AND METHODS Four gadobenate dimeglumine-loaded niosome preparations including nonconjugated niosomes, niosomes bearing glucose conjugates (N-palmitoyl glucosamine [NPG]), niosomes bearing PEG 4400, and niosomes bearing both PEG and NPG were tested. In vitro cellular uptake was measured at electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) after incubation with human prostate carcinoma, PC3, cells. In vivo distribution was studied at MR imaging 6, 12, and 24 hours after injection, with assessment of tumor, brain, liver, and muscle signal intensity (SI) in 49 mice bearing PC3 cells. Efficiency of targeted contrast agents was assessed with tumor-to-muscle contrast-to-noise ratio (CNR). Testing for differences was performed with analysis of variance followed by a posteriori Fisher test. RESULTS In vitro, gadolinium could be detected at EPR only in cell pellets incubated with niosomes bearing glucose conjugates or niosomes bearing both glucose conjugates and PEG (4.9. 10(-15) and 4.5. 10(-15) mol gadolinium per PC3 cell). In vivo, marked predominant tumor enhancement was demonstrated 24 hours after injection of glycosylated PEG niosomes (P <.01); no significant differences were observed following injection of nonconjugated niosomes, glycosylated niosomes, or PEG 4400 niosomes. Twenty-four hours after injection, sole presence of NPG or PEG 4400 on the surface of the niosome led to higher tumor-to-muscle CNR than that observed after injection of nonconjugated niosomes (CNR of 3.3 +/- 0.7 [SD], 3.4 +/- 2.2, and 0 +/- 1.9). Combination of NPG and PEG led to even higher tumor-to-muscle CNR (6.3 +/- 2.2). CONCLUSION Combination of PEG and glucose conjugates on the surface of niosomes significantly improved tumor targeting of an encapsulated paramagnetic agent assessed with MR imaging in a human carcinoma xenograft model.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alain Luciani
- Radiology Department, Hôpital Européen Georges Pompidou, INSERM U494, LRI, Faculté Necker, 20 Rue Leblanc, 75015 Paris, France
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36
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Nakamura H, Miyajima Y, Takei T, Kasaoka S, Maruyama K. Synthesis and vesicle formation of a nido-carborane cluster lipid for boron neutron capture therapy. Chem Commun (Camb) 2004:1910-1. [PMID: 15340596 DOI: 10.1039/b406141a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The nido-carborane lipid, which has a double-tailed moiety, was synthesized from heptadecanol in 5 steps. Analysis in a transmission electron microscope by negative staining with uranyl acetate showed that the lipid formed a stable vesicle in which calcein was encapsulated. The lipid was incorporated into distearoylphosphatidylcholine (DSPC) liposomes at a very high concentration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiroyuki Nakamura
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Gakushuin University, Tokyo 171-8588, Japan.
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37
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Auguste DT, Prud'homme RK, Ahl PL, Meers P, Kohn J. Association of hydrophobically-modified poly(ethylene glycol) with fusogenic liposomes. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-BIOMEMBRANES 2003; 1616:184-95. [PMID: 14561476 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbamem.2003.08.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
We present results on using cooperative interactions to shield liposomes by incorporating multiple hydrophobic anchoring sites on polyethylene glycol (PEG) polymers. The hydrophobically-modified PEGs (HMPEGs) are comb-graft polymers with strictly alternating monodisperse PEG blocks (M(w)=6, 12, or 35 kDa) bonded to C18 stearylamide hydrophobes. Cooperativity is varied by changing the degree of oligomerization at a constant ratio of PEG to stearylamide. Fusogenic liposomes prepared from N-C12-DOPE:DOPC 7:3 (mol:mol) were equilibrated with HMPEGs. Affinity for polymer association to liposomes increases with the degree of oligomerization; equilibrium constants (given as surface coverage per equilibrium concentration of free polymer) for 6 kDa PEG increased from 6.1+/-0.8 (mg/m(2))/(mg/ml) for 2.5 loops to 78.1+/-12.2 (mg/m(2))/(mg/ml) for 13 loops. In contrast, the equilibrium constant for distearoylphosphatidylethanolamine-poly(ethylene glycol) (DSPE-PEG5k) was 0.4+/-0.1 (mg/m(2))/(mg/ml). The multi-loop HMPEGs demonstrate higher levels of protection from complement binding than DSPE-PEG5k. Greater protection does not correlate with binding strength alone. The best shielding was by HMPEG6k-DP3 (with three 6 kDa PEG loops), suggesting that PEG chains with adequate surface mobility provide optimal protection from complement opsonization. Complement binding at 30 min and 12 h demonstrates that protection by multi-looped PEGs is constant whereas DSPE-PEG5k initially protects but presumably partitions off of the surface at longer times.
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Affiliation(s)
- Debra T Auguste
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Princeton University, Engineering Quadrangle, Princeton, NJ 08544, USA
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38
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Abstract
Antibody or ligand-mediated targeting of liposomal anticancer drugs to antigens expressed selectively or over-expressed on tumor cells is increasingly being recognized as an effective strategy for increasing the therapeutic indices of anticancer drugs. This review summarizes some recent advances in the field of ligand-targeted liposomes (LTLs) for the delivery of anticancer drugs. New approaches used in the design and optimization of LTLs is discussed and the advantages and potential problems associated with their therapeutic applications are described. New technologies are widening the spectrum of ligands available for targeting and are allowing choices to be made regarding affinity, internalization and size. The time is rapidly approaching where we will see translation of anticancer drugs entrapped in LTLs to the clinic.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Sapra
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Alberta, Edmonton AB, Canada, T6G 2H7
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39
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Abstract
Liposomes are the leading drug delivery systems for the systemic (iv.) administration of drugs. There are now liposomal formulations of conventional drugs that have received clinical approval and many others in clinical trials that bring benefits of reduced toxicity and enhanced efficacy for the treatment of cancer and other life-threatening diseases. The mechanisms giving rise to the therapeutic advantages of liposomes, such as the ability of long-circulating liposomes to preferentially accumulate at disease sites including tumours, sites of infection and sites of inflammation are increasingly well understood. Further, liposome-based formulations of genetic drugs such as antisense oligonucleotides and plasmids for gene therapy that have clear potential for systemic utility are increasingly available. This paper reviews the liposomal drug delivery field, summarises the success of liposomes for the delivery of small molecules and indicates how this success is being built on to design effective carriers for genetic drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- N Maurer
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada.
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40
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Iden DL, Allen TM. In vitro and in vivo comparison of immunoliposomes made by conventional coupling techniques with those made by a new post-insertion approach. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA 2001; 1513:207-16. [PMID: 11470092 DOI: 10.1016/s0005-2736(01)00357-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 167] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
Ligand-targeted liposomes have the potential to increase the therapeutic efficacy of antineoplastic agents. Recently, a combinatorial approach to the preparation of ligand-targeted liposomes has been developed, termed the post-insertion technique, which will facilitate the production of targeted liposomes. In this paper, Stealth immunoliposomes (SIL) coupled to anti-CD19 made by either a conventional coupling technique (SIL[anti-CD19]), or by the post-insertion technique (PIL[anti-CD19], were compared with respect to their in vitro binding and cytotoxicity and their ability to improve in vivo survival in tumor-bearing mice. The in vitro binding and uptake of PIL[anti-CD19] by CD19-expressing, B-cell lymphoma (Namalwa) cells was similar to that of SIL[anti-CD19] and both were significantly higher than binding of non-targeted liposomes (SL). In addition, no significant differences were found between the respective in vitro cytotoxicities of doxorubicin-loaded PIL[anti-CD19] or SIL[anti-CD19], or in their in vivo therapeutic efficacy in a murine model of human B-lymphoma. Overall, the results demonstrate that the post-insertion technique is a simple, flexible and effective means for preparing targeted liposomal drugs for clinical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- D L Iden
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada T6G 2H7
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41
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Mercadal M, Domingo JC, Petriz J, Garcia J, de Madariaga MA. Preparation of immunoliposomes bearing poly(ethylene glycol)-coupled monoclonal antibody linked via a cleavable disulfide bond for ex vivo applications. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA 2000; 1509:299-310. [PMID: 11118541 DOI: 10.1016/s0005-2736(00)00305-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Several methods for the preparation of sterically stabilized immunoliposomes (SIL) have recently been described. This report examines an established method for coupling anti-CD34 My10 mAb to poly(ethylene glycol)-liposomes (PEG-liposomes) containing the anchor pyridyldithiopropionylamino-PEG-phosphatidylethanolamine (PDP-PEG-PE) via a cleavable disulfide bond. Efficient attachment of pyridyldithio-derivatized mAb took place (equivalent to coupling ca. 70% of total input protein) at 2 mol percent of the functionalized PEG-lipid. The My10-SIL bound specifically to CD34+ cells (human leukemic KG-1a and hematopoietic progenitor cells) and the extent of binding was a function of liposomal lipid concentration, the mAb density in the liposome surface and the CD34 cell expression. In mixtures with CD34- cells (CHO or Jurkat), CD34+KG-1a cells were determined by flow cytometry at percentages (1-4%) similar to those reported in clinical samples (such as cord blood, mobilized peripheral blood and bone marrow) using a direct immunostaining with My10-SIL. The disulfide bond was stable in cell culture medium (10% of fetal calf serum) during 8 h and cell-bound SIL can be released from cells by treatment with dithiothreitol as reducing agent under mild conditions (1 h of incubation with 50 mM DTT at 20 degrees C). SIL binding and subsequent dithiothreitol treatment did not influence the cell viability. Our approach should contribute to the development of targetable liposomal vehicles to CD34+ cells for use in ex vivo conditions as sorting of hematopoietic stem cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Mercadal
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Barcelona, Spain
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Bestman-Smith J, Gourde P, Désormeaux A, Tremblay MJ, Bergeron MG. Sterically stabilized liposomes bearing anti-HLA-DR antibodies for targeting the primary cellular reservoirs of HIV-1. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA 2000; 1468:161-74. [PMID: 11018661 DOI: 10.1016/s0005-2736(00)00254-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
The ability of liposomes bearing anti-HLA-DR Fab' fragments at the end termini of polyethyleneglycol chains (sterically stabilized immunoliposomes) to target HLA-DR expressing cells and increase the accumulation of liposomes into lymphoid organs has been evaluated and compared to that of conventional liposomes, sterically stabilized liposomes and conventional immunoliposomes after a single subcutaneous injection to mice. The accumulation of sterically stabilized liposomes in lymph nodes was higher than that of conventional liposomes. Sterically stabilized immunoliposomes accumulated much better than conventional immunoliposomes in all tissues indicating that the presence of PEG has an important effect on the uptake of immunoliposomes by the lymphatic system. Fluorescence microscopy studies showed that sterically stabilized liposomes are mainly localized in macrophage-rich areas such as the subcapsular region of lymph nodes and in the red pulp and marginal zone of the spleen. In contrast, sterically stabilized immunoliposomes mostly accumulated in the cortex in which follicles are located and in the white pulp of the spleen. As the human HLA-DR determinant of the major histocompatibility complex class II is expressed on activated CD4+ T lymphocytes and antigen presenting cells such as monocyte/macrophages and dendritic cells, known as the cellular reservoirs of HIV-1, liposomes bearing anti-HLA-DR antibodies constitute an attractive approach to concentrate drugs in HIV-1 reservoirs and improve their therapeutic effect.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Bestman-Smith
- Centre de Recherche en Infectiologie, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Québec, Pavillon CHUL, 2705 Blvd Laurier, G1V 4G2, Québec, QC, Canada
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Mastrobattista E, Koning GA, Storm G. Immunoliposomes for the targeted delivery of antitumor drugs. Adv Drug Deliv Rev 1999; 40:103-127. [PMID: 10837783 DOI: 10.1016/s0169-409x(99)00043-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 139] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
This review presents an overview of the field of immunoliposome-mediated targeting of anticancer agents. First, problems that are encountered when immunoliposomes are used for systemic anticancer drug delivery and potential solutions are discussed. Second, an update is given of the in vivo results obtained with immunoliposomes in tumor models. Finally, new developments on the utilization of immunoliposomes for the treatment of cancer are highlighted.
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Affiliation(s)
- E Mastrobattista
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Utrecht Institute for Pharmaceutical Sciences (UIPS), Faculty of Pharmacy, Utrecht University, Sorbonnelaan 16, 3508 TB, Utrecht, The Netherlands
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Dubowchik GM, Walker MA. Receptor-mediated and enzyme-dependent targeting of cytotoxic anticancer drugs. Pharmacol Ther 1999; 83:67-123. [PMID: 10511457 DOI: 10.1016/s0163-7258(99)00018-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 227] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
This review is a survey of various approaches to targeting cytotoxic anticancer drugs to tumors primarily through biomolecules expressed by cancer cells or associated vasculature and stroma. These include monoclonal antibody immunoconjugates; enzyme prodrug therapies, such as antibody-directed enzyme prodrug therapy, gene-directed enzyme prodrug therapy, and bacterial-directed enzyme prodrug therapy; and metabolism-based therapies that seek to exploit increased tumor expression of, e.g., proteases, low-density lipoprotein receptors, hormones, and adhesion molecules. Following a discussion of factors that positively and negatively affect drug delivery to solid tumors, we concentrate on a mechanistic understanding of selective drug release or generation at the tumor site.
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Affiliation(s)
- G M Dubowchik
- Bristol-Myers Squibb Pharmaceutical Research Institute, Wallingford, CT 06492-7660, USA.
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Bendas G, Krause A, Bakowsky U, Vogel J, Rothe U. Targetability of novel immunoliposomes prepared by a new antibody conjugation technique. Int J Pharm 1999; 181:79-93. [PMID: 10370205 DOI: 10.1016/s0378-5173(99)00002-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 89] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
In order to develop long-circulating immunoliposomes (IL), which combine sterical stabilization with a superior targetability, we have introduced a new methodology for attaching monoclonal antibodies directly onto the distal ends of liposome-grafted polyethylene glycol (PEG) chains. Therefore, we have synthesized a new PEG-PE derivative, which had been endgroup-functionalized with cyanuric chloride. Antibodies can simply be coupled to this membrane anchor in mild basic conditions (pH 8.8) without the need for previous antibody derivatizations. The coupling results have been determined with consideration to various liposome parameters and have been compared to several established antibody coupling procedures, where antibodies had been linked directly to the liposome surface in the presence of PEG (conventional IL). To investigate the targetability of the resulting new IL, anti E-selectin mAb have been coupled and the degree of binding selectin-containing cells has been analyzed. The terminal coupled antibodies show a 1.8-fold higher degree of in vitro cell binding compared to conventional IL, which has been attributed to the antibody position being more easy accessible at the PEG termini. Furthermore, we have illustrated the liposome surface topology and the coupled antibodies by atomic force microscopy, which for such fluid IL has been used first. These images have finely corresponded to the cell binding results, and have been discussed in terms of antibody position and flexibility at the liposome surface.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Bendas
- Department of Pharmacy, Martin Luther University Halle, Wolfgang-Langenbeck Str. 4, D 06120, Halle, Germany.
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Mercadal M, Domingo JC, Petriz J, Garcia J, de Madariaga MA. A novel strategy affords high-yield coupling of antibody to extremities of liposomal surface-grafted PEG chains. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA 1999; 1418:232-8. [PMID: 10209227 DOI: 10.1016/s0005-2736(99)00033-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Several methodologies for the preparation of polyethylene glycol-grafted immunoliposomes have been developed by attaching antibodies to the terminus of the polymer. Unilamellar liposomes were prepared containing a combination of a functionalized polyethylene glycol(3400) and an inert polyethylene glycol(2000) phosphatidylethanolamine derivate up to 5 mol%. The greater length of the functionalized polyethylene glycol derivate did not alter the liposomal sterical stability or the remote loading of doxorubicin. Anti-CD34 immunoliposomes were prepared by the reaction of maleimide-derivatized My10 antibody with generated thiol groups at the periphery of the liposomes and efficiencies of nearly 100% were obtained. The greater accessibility of the reactive group makes this strategy more efficient than others described. The immunoliposomes prepared bound specifically to CD34+ cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Mercadal
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Barcelona, Martí i Franqués, 1, 08028, Barcelona, Spain
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Needham D, McIntosh TJ, Simon SA, Zhelev D. Adsorption, molecular exchange and defect formation in membranes. Curr Opin Colloid Interface Sci 1998. [DOI: 10.1016/s1359-0294(98)80026-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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