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Forcadell-Díez L, Bosch-Arís M, Espinel-Flores V, Abiétar DG, Puig-Barrachina V, Juárez Martínez O, Pérez G. [An evaluation of teacher training to promote healthy and equitable relationships: transforming or reproducing?]. GACETA SANITARIA 2023; 37:102338. [PMID: 38006665 DOI: 10.1016/j.gaceta.2023.102338] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2023] [Revised: 10/02/2023] [Accepted: 10/04/2023] [Indexed: 11/27/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To evaluate the impact of the training on teacher capacity to implement Posem el Focus, a socio-educational intervention adapted from Lights4Violence to prevent the gender-based violence during adolescence. METHOD Evaluation study of a training using qualitative methodology in Terrassa, 2019-2021. The socio-constructionist perspective was used to understand the impact of teacher training and its translation into educational practice. A purposive sampling of teachers (n=32) was carried out. A descriptive-interpretative analysis of the discourses was carried out based on the written productions of the participants in the training and their answers to some open questions. An explanatory theoretical framework was developed. RESULTS Teachers reported acquiring concepts, developing new skills and modifying some attitudes. Teachers stated theoretical understanding of the sex-gender system, intersectionality and explicit and implicit violence. However, they reproduced gender stereotypes, did not understand the inclusive approach and pointed out not identifying implicit violence. Teachers perceived the training as useful and felt empowered to implement the intervention. No differences were identified in discursive production with respect to gender or age. CONCLUSIONS Teacher training ensures minimum knowledge and facilitates the acquisition of some skills, although it does not achieve in-depth changes in attitudes. It is concluded that the training enables teachers to implement Posem el Focus, although it is recommended that it be reformulated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lluís Forcadell-Díez
- Agència de Salut Pública de Barcelona, Barcelona, España; Departament de Medicina i Ciències de la Vida, Universitat Pompeu Fabra, Barcelona, España.
| | - Mar Bosch-Arís
- Agència de Salut Pública de Barcelona, Barcelona, España; Departament de Medicina i Ciències de la Vida, Universitat Pompeu Fabra, Barcelona, España
| | - Verónica Espinel-Flores
- Servei d'Estudis i Prospectives en Polítiques de Salut, Consorci de Salut i Social de Catalunya, Barcelona, España
| | - Daniel G Abiétar
- Agència de Salut Pública de Barcelona, Barcelona, España; Departament de Medicina i Ciències de la Vida, Universitat Pompeu Fabra, Barcelona, España
| | - Vanessa Puig-Barrachina
- Agència de Salut Pública de Barcelona, Barcelona, España; Departament de Medicina i Ciències de la Vida, Universitat Pompeu Fabra, Barcelona, España
| | - Olga Juárez Martínez
- Agència de Salut Pública de Barcelona, Barcelona, España; Departament de Medicina i Ciències de la Vida, Universitat Pompeu Fabra, Barcelona, España
| | - Glòria Pérez
- Agència de Salut Pública de Barcelona, Barcelona, España; Departament de Medicina i Ciències de la Vida, Universitat Pompeu Fabra, Barcelona, España; CIBER de Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), España; Institut d'Investigació Biomèdica Sant Pau, Barcelona, España
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Pérez-Martínez V, Marcos-Marcos J, Cerdán-Torregrosa A, Briones-Vozmediano E, Sanz-Barbero B, Davó-Blanes MC, Daoud N, Edwards C, Salazar M, La Parra-Casado D, Vives-Cases C. Positive Masculinities and Gender-Based Violence Educational Interventions Among Young People: A Systematic Review. TRAUMA, VIOLENCE & ABUSE 2023; 24:468-486. [PMID: 34282677 DOI: 10.1177/15248380211030242] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Hegemonic masculinity has been recognized as contributing to the perpetration of different forms of gender-based violence (GBV). Abandoning hegemonic masculinities and promoting positive masculinities are both strategies used by interventions that foreground a "gender-transformative approach." Preventing GBV among young people could be strengthened by engaging young men. In this article, we aim to systematically review the primary characteristics, methodological quality, and results of published evaluation studies of educational interventions that aim to prevent different forms of GBV through addressing hegemonic masculinities among young people. MAIN BODY We conducted a systematic review of available literature (2008-2019) using Medline (PubMed), Scopus, Web of Science, PsycInfo, the CINAHL Complete Database, and ERIC as well as Google scholar. The Template for Intervention Description and Replication was used for data extraction, and the quality of the selected studies was analyzed using the Mixed Method Appraisal Tool. More than half of the studies were conducted in Africa (n = 10/15) and many were randomized controlled trials (n = 8/15). Most of the studies with quantitative and qualitative methodologies (n = 12/15) reported a decrease in physical GBV and/or sexual violence perpetration/victimization (n = 6/15). Longitudinal studies reported consistent results over time. CONCLUSIONS Our results highlight the importance of using a gender-transformative approach in educational interventions to engage young people in critical thinking about hegemonic masculinity and to prevent GBV.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vanesa Pérez-Martínez
- Community Nursing, Preventive Medicine and Public Health and History of Science Department, 16718University of Alicante, Spain
| | - Jorge Marcos-Marcos
- Community Nursing, Preventive Medicine and Public Health and History of Science Department, 16718University of Alicante, Spain
| | - Ariadna Cerdán-Torregrosa
- Community Nursing, Preventive Medicine and Public Health and History of Science Department, 16718University of Alicante, Spain
| | | | - Belen Sanz-Barbero
- Epidemiology and Statistics Department, National School of Health Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
- CIBER of Epidemiology and Public Health, Madrid, Spain
| | - MCarmen Davó-Blanes
- Community Nursing, Preventive Medicine and Public Health and History of Science Department, 16718University of Alicante, Spain
| | - Nihaya Daoud
- Department of Public Health, Faculty of Health Sciences, 26732Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Be'er Sheva, Israel
| | - Clarie Edwards
- School of Applied Social Studies, 8795University College Cork, Ireland
| | - Mariano Salazar
- Department of Global Public Health, GloSH research group, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | | | - Carmen Vives-Cases
- Community Nursing, Preventive Medicine and Public Health and History of Science Department, 16718University of Alicante, Spain
- CIBER of Epidemiology and Public Health, Madrid, Spain
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San Pío MJ, Clotas C, Espelt A, López MJ, Bosque-Prous M, Juárez O, Bartroli M. Effectiveness of a preschool emotional education programme administered over 3 grades: a cluster randomised controlled trial. Public Health 2023; 218:53-59. [PMID: 36965464 DOI: 10.1016/j.puhe.2023.01.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2022] [Revised: 12/21/2022] [Accepted: 01/12/2023] [Indexed: 03/27/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Emotional education programmes are universal preventive strategies for health promotion, especially mental health. The aim of this study is to evaluate the effectiveness and implementation of '1,2,3, emoció!': a preschool-based programme designed to improve emotional competence and targeted to 3-5-year-old children in Barcelona during three academic years. STUDY DESIGN Cluster randomised trial, using schools as clusters. METHODS The study's population included preschoolers 3-5 years old from Barcelona. Teachers offered the programme during one or three academic years in the intervention groups. We evaluated the emotional competence of each child at the beginning and the end of the academic year with the Emotional Competence Assessment Questionnaire (30-180 scale). We studied the implementation process and analysed the outcomes with nested linear regression models. Considering sociodemographic variables and implementation outcomes, we obtained the individual differences in emotional competence at the end of the school year-segregated by sex-for intervention and comparison groups. RESULTS 1586 children participated in the study. The emotional competence level increased significantly after one year (4.1 in boys; 5.6 in girls; P < 0.05) and after three years of intervention (5.5 in boys; 8.0 in girls; P < 0.01), compared to comparison group. The level of emotional competence was the highest for the 3-year intervention group: we obtained an average ECAQ score of 131.1 (95% CI 126.9-135.2) for boys and 141 (95% CI 137.2-144.9) for girls. We observed that an accurate implementation improved its results. CONCLUSIONS The programme '1,2,3, emoció!' effectively increases preschool children's emotional competence, especially when the programme is rigorously implemented for three years.
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Affiliation(s)
- M J San Pío
- Agència de Salut Pública de Barcelona, Spain; Departament de Ciències Experimentals i de la Salut, Universitat Pompeu Fabra (UPF) Barcelona, Spain
| | - C Clotas
- Agència de Salut Pública de Barcelona, Spain.
| | - A Espelt
- Facultat de Ciències de la Salut de Manresa, Universitat de Vic- Universitat Central de Catalunya, Spain; Departament de Psicobiologia i Metodologia de les ciències de la salut, Universitat Auntònoma de Barcelona, Spain; CIBER de Epidemiologia y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Spain
| | - M J López
- Agència de Salut Pública de Barcelona, Spain; Departament de Ciències Experimentals i de la Salut, Universitat Pompeu Fabra (UPF) Barcelona, Spain; CIBER de Epidemiologia y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Spain; Institut d'Investigació Biomèdica Sant Pau. Barcelona, Spain
| | - M Bosque-Prous
- Departament de Psicobiologia i Metodologia de les ciències de la salut, Universitat Auntònoma de Barcelona, Spain; Faculty of Health Sciences, Universitat Oberta de Catalunya, Spain
| | - O Juárez
- Agència de Salut Pública de Barcelona, Spain; CIBER de Epidemiologia y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Spain; Institut d'Investigació Biomèdica Sant Pau. Barcelona, Spain
| | - M Bartroli
- Agència de Salut Pública de Barcelona, Spain; Departament de Ciències Experimentals i de la Salut, Universitat Pompeu Fabra (UPF) Barcelona, Spain; Institut d'Investigació Biomèdica Sant Pau. Barcelona, Spain
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The Emotional Competence Assessment Questionnaire (ECAQ) for Children Aged from 3 to 5 Years: Validity and Reliability Evidence. EDUCATION SCIENCES 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/educsci12070489] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
In order to assess emotional competence in children, it is necessary to have psychometrically sound measures. To the best of our knowledge, there is no available tool to assess emotional competence in children from 3 to 5 years old that assesses the five emotional competences of the Bisquerra model and can be easily and quickly answered in the school environment. The objective of this study is to develop a measure, the Emotional Competence Assessment Questionnaire (ECAQ), and to provide evidence of its psychometric quality. Qualitative evidence was obtained from a systematic review, from two expert committees and from five discussion groups. On the other hand, quantitative validity and reliability evidence was obtained from a sample of 1088 students and other smaller subsamples. The results suggest that the ECAQ is a short and easy-to-use tool, easily understood by administrators. The quantitative results confirm a general factor of emotional competence adjusted for three specific factors. This factor has excellent internal consistency and test-retest reliability. The ECAQ has therefore been shown to be a promising tool for assessing emotional competence in children between 3 and 5 years of age.
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Delgado I, Cabieses B, Apablaza M, Castillo C, Aguilera X, Matute I, Najera M, Pericàs JM, Benach J. Evaluation of the effectiveness and equity of the maternity protection reform in Chile from 2000 to 2015. PLoS One 2019; 14:e0221150. [PMID: 31509544 PMCID: PMC6738580 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0221150] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2018] [Accepted: 07/31/2019] [Indexed: 11/02/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION According to the International Labor Organization, Maternity Protection (MP) policies try to harmonize child care and women's paid work, without affecting family health and economic security. Chile Law 20.545 (2011) increased benefits for economically active women and reduced requirements for accessing these benefits. The goals of the reform included: 1) to increase MP coverage; and 2) to reduce inequities in access to the benefits. METHOD This study uses two data sources. First, using individual data routinely collected from 2000 to 2015, yearly MP coverage access over time was calculated. Second, using national representative household surveys collected before and after the Law (2009 and 2013), coverage and a set of measures of inequality were estimated. To compare changes over time, we used non-experimental, before-after intervention design for independent samples. For each variable, we estimated comparative proportions at 95% confidence interval before and after the intervention. Additionally, we included multivariate and propensity score analysis. RESULTS Between 2000 and 2015, MP coverage grew from 24.4% to 44.8%. Using comparable 2009 and 2013 survey data, we observed the same trend, with 31.6% of estimated MP coverage in 2009, escalating to 39.5% in 2013. We conclude that: 1) after the reform, there was an increase in MP coverage; and, 2) there was no significant reduction of inequities in the distribution of MP benefits. DISCUSSION/CONCLUSION Few scientific evaluations of MP reforms have been conducted worldwide; even fewer including an equity analysis. This study provides an empirically-based evaluation of MP reform from both a population-level and an equity-focused perspective. We conclude that this reform needs to be complemented with other policies to ensure maternity protection in terms of access and equity in a country with deep socioeconomic stratification.
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Affiliation(s)
- Iris Delgado
- Centro de Epidemiología y Políticas de Salud, CEPS, Facultad de Medicina Clínica Alemana Universidad del Desarrollo, Santiago, Chile
- * E-mail:
| | - Baltica Cabieses
- Programa de Estudios Sociales en Salud, Instituto de Ciencias e Innovación en Medicina, ICIM, Universidad del Desarrollo, Santiago, Chile
| | - Mauricio Apablaza
- Centro de Políticas Públicas, Facultad de Gobierno, Universidad del Desarrollo, Santiago, Chile
| | - Carla Castillo
- Centro de Epidemiología y Políticas de Salud, CEPS, Facultad de Medicina Clínica Alemana Universidad del Desarrollo, Santiago, Chile
| | - Ximena Aguilera
- Centro de Epidemiología y Políticas de Salud, CEPS, Facultad de Medicina Clínica Alemana Universidad del Desarrollo, Santiago, Chile
| | - Isabel Matute
- Centro de Epidemiología y Políticas de Salud, CEPS, Facultad de Medicina Clínica Alemana Universidad del Desarrollo, Santiago, Chile
| | - Manuel Najera
- Centro de Epidemiología y Políticas de Salud, CEPS, Facultad de Medicina Clínica Alemana Universidad del Desarrollo, Santiago, Chile
| | - Juan M. Pericàs
- Grupo Desigualdades en Salud (GREDS-EMCONET), Departamento Ciencias Políticas y Sociales, Universitat Pompeu Fabra, Barcelona, España
| | - Joan Benach
- Grupo Desigualdades en Salud (GREDS-EMCONET), Departamento Ciencias Políticas y Sociales, Universitat Pompeu Fabra, Barcelona, España
- JHU-UPF Public Policy Center, Universitat Pompeu Fabra, Barcelona, España
- Grupo de Investigación Transdisciplinar sobre Transiciones Socioecológicas (GinTRANS2), Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid, España
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Fontcuberta-Famadas M, Serral G, López M, Balfagón P, García-Cid E, Caballé-Gavaldà L. Evaluation of an intervention to improve the management of allergens in school food services in the city of Barcelona. Allergol Immunopathol (Madr) 2018; 46:334-340. [PMID: 29456037 DOI: 10.1016/j.aller.2017.11.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2017] [Revised: 11/10/2017] [Accepted: 11/21/2017] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND An intervention to promote the development of an allergen control plan (ACP) and preventive measures for the management of allergens in school food services was implemented in all schools of Barcelona city over a three-year period (2013-2015) by the public health services. The present study aimed to assess changes regarding the management of food allergens in school food services in Barcelona after an intervention conducted by the public health services of the city. METHODS School meal operators of a random sample of 117 schools were assessed before and after the intervention using a structured questionnaire. The questionnaire collected general information on the students and their demand for special menus, and included 17 closed questions regarding the implementation of specific preventive measures for the management of allergens. Based on these 17 questions, a food safety score was calculated for each school. The improvement in these scores was evaluated. RESULTS The results showed positive increments in the percentage of implementation of 12 of the 17 preventive measures assessed. The percentage of school food services with an implemented ACP increased by 49%. Schools with external and internal food supplies increased their scores by 16.5% and 19.6%, respectively. The greatest improvements were observed in smaller food services and in schools located in districts with low gross household incomes. CONCLUSIONS The intervention was effective in improving school food services' management of allergens and in reducing the differences found among food services in the pre-intervention survey. We must also focus efforts on reducing socio-economic inequalities linked to the management of allergens.
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The impact of harm reduction programs and police interventions on the number of syringes collected from public spaces. A time series analysis in Barcelona, 2004–2014. THE INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF DRUG POLICY 2017; 50:11-18. [DOI: 10.1016/j.drugpo.2017.07.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2016] [Revised: 06/28/2017] [Accepted: 07/26/2017] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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Espelt A, Bosque-Prous M, Folch C, Sarasa-Renedo A, Majó X, Casabona J, Brugal MT. Is systematic training in opioid overdose prevention effective? PLoS One 2017; 12:e0186833. [PMID: 29088247 PMCID: PMC5663400 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0186833] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2016] [Accepted: 10/09/2017] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
The objectives were to analyze the knowledge about overdose prevention, the use of naloxone, and the number of fatal overdoses after the implementation of Systematic Training in Overdose Prevention (STOOP) program. We conducted a quasi-experimental study, and held face-to-face interviews before (n = 725) and after (n = 722) implementation of systematic training in two different samples of people who injected opioids attending harm reduction centers. We asked participants to list the main causes of overdose and the main actions that should be taken when witnessing an overdose. We created two dependent variables, the number of (a) correct and (b) incorrect answers. The main independent variable was Study Group: Intervention Group (IG), Comparison Group (CG), Pre-Intervention Group With Sporadic Training in Overdose Prevention (PREIGS), or Pre-Intervention Group Without Training in Overdose Prevention (PREIGW). The relationship between the dependent and independent variables was assessed using a multivariate Poisson regression analysis. Finally, we conducted an interrupted time series analysis of monthly fatal overdoses before and after the implementation of systematic program during the period 2006–2015. Knowledge of overdose prevention increased after implementing systematic training program. Compared to the PREIGW, the IG gave more correct answers (IRR = 1.40;95%CI:1.33–1.47), and fewer incorrect answers (IRR = 0.33;95%CI:0.25–0.44). Forty percent of people who injected opioids who received a naloxone kit had used the kit in response to an overdose they witnessed. These courses increase knowledge of overdose prevention in people who use opioids, give them the necessary skills to use naloxone, and slightly diminish the number of fatal opioid overdoses in the city of Barcelona.
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Affiliation(s)
- Albert Espelt
- Agència de Salut Pública de Barcelona, Plaça Lesseps, Barcelona, Spain
- Centros de Investigación Biomédica en Red. Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Calle Melchor Fernández Almagro, Madrid, Spain
- Facultat de Ciències de la Salut de Manresa, Universitat de Vic Universitat Central de Catalunya (UVicUCC), Av. Universitària, Manresa, Spain
- Departament de Psicobiologia i Metodologia en Ciències de la Salut, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Campus UAB, Bellaterra, Spain
- * E-mail:
| | | | - Cinta Folch
- Centre d'Estudis Epidemiològics sobre les Infeccions de Transmissió Sexual i Sida de Catalunya (CEEISCAT), Agència de Salut Pública de Catalunya (ASPC), Generalitat de Catalunya, Carretera Canyet s/n, Badalona, Spain
| | - Ana Sarasa-Renedo
- Agència de Salut Pública de Barcelona, Plaça Lesseps, Barcelona, Spain
- Programa de Epidemiología Aplicada y de Campo (PEAC), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Calle Sinesio Delgado, Madrid, Spain
| | - Xavier Majó
- Subdirecció General de Drogodependències, Departament de Salut de la Generalitat de Catalunya, Carrer de Roc Boronat, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Jordi Casabona
- Subdirecció General de Drogodependències, Departament de Salut de la Generalitat de Catalunya, Carrer de Roc Boronat, Barcelona, Spain
| | - M. Teresa Brugal
- Agència de Salut Pública de Barcelona, Plaça Lesseps, Barcelona, Spain
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Rando-Matos Y, Pons-Vigués M, López MJ, Córdoba R, Ballve-Moreno JL, Puigdomènech-Puig E, Benito-López VE, Arias-Agudelo OL, López-Grau M, Guardia-Riera A, Trujillo JM, Martin-Cantera C. Smokefree legislation effects on respiratory and sensory disorders: A systematic review and meta-analysis. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0181035. [PMID: 28759596 PMCID: PMC5536320 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0181035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2017] [Accepted: 06/26/2017] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Aims The aim of this systematic review and meta-analysis is to synthesize the available evidence in scientific papers of smokefree legislation effects on respiratory diseases and sensory and respiratory symptoms (cough, phlegm, red eyes, runny nose) among all populations. Materials and methods Systematic review and meta-analysis were carried out. A search between January 1995 and February 2015 was performed in PubMed, EMBASE, Cochrane Library, Scopus, Web of Science, and Google Scholar databases. Inclusion criteria were: 1) original scientific studies about smokefree legislation, 2) Data before and after legislation were collected, and 3) Impact on respiratory and sensory outcomes were assessed. Paired reviewers independently carried out the screening of titles and abstracts, data extraction from full-text articles, and methodological quality assessment. Results A total number of 1606 papers were identified. 50 papers were selected, 26 were related to symptoms (23 concerned workers). Most outcomes presented significant decreases in the percentage of people suffering from them, especially in locations with comprehensive measures and during the immediate post-ban period (within the first six months). Four (50%) of the papers concerning pulmonary function reported some significant improvement in expiratory parameters. Significant decreases were described in 13 of the 17 papers evaluating asthma hospital admissions, and there were fewer significant reductions in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease admissions (range 1–36%) than for asthma (5–31%). Six studies regarding different respiratory diseases showed discrepant results, and four papers about mortality reported significant declines in subgroups. Low bias risk was present in 23 (46%) of the studies. Conclusions Smokefree legislation appears to improve respiratory and sensory symptoms at short term in workers (the overall effect being greater in comprehensive smokefree legislation in sensory symptoms) and, to a lesser degree, rates of hospitalization for asthma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yolanda Rando-Matos
- Centre d'Atenció Primària (CAP) Florida Nord. Gerència d’Àmbit d’Atenció Primària Metropolitana Sud, Institut Català de la Salut (ICS), Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain
- * E-mail:
| | - Mariona Pons-Vigués
- Institut Universitari d’Investigació en Atenció Primària Jordi Gol (IDIAP Jordi Gol), Barcelona, Spain
- Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra (Cerdanyola del Vallès), Spain
- Universitat de Girona, Girona, Spain
| | - María José López
- Public Health Agency of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
- CIBER de Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Barcelona, Spain
- Institut d'Investigació Biomèdic (IIB Sant Pau), Barcelona, Spain
- Universitat Pompeu Fabra (UPF), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Rodrigo Córdoba
- Centro de Salud Universitario Delicias Sur, Servicio Aragonés de Salud (SALUD), Zaragoza, Spain
- Universidad de Zaragoza, Zaragoza, Spain
| | - José Luis Ballve-Moreno
- Centre d'Atenció Primària (CAP) Florida Nord. Gerència d’Àmbit d’Atenció Primària Metropolitana Sud, Institut Català de la Salut (ICS), Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Elisa Puigdomènech-Puig
- Agència de Qualitat i Avaluació Sanitàries, AQuAS, Generalitat de Catalunya, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Vega Estíbaliz Benito-López
- Servicio de Medicina Preventiva, Complejo Asistencial Universitario de Salamanca, Sanidad de Castilla y Leon (SACYL), Salamanca, Spain
- Grupo de investigación: Trastornos sensoriales y neuroplasticidad cerebral (UIC: 083), Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Salamanca (IBSAL), Salamanca, Spain
- Instituto de Neurociencias de Castilla y León (INCYL), Salamanca, Spain
| | - Olga Lucía Arias-Agudelo
- Centre d'Atenció Primària (CAP) San Martí de Provençals, Gerència d’Àmbit d’Atenció Primària Barcelona Ciutat, Institut Català de la Salut (ICS), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Mercè López-Grau
- Centre d'Atenció Primària (CAP) Passeig de Sant Joan, Gerència d’Àmbit d’Atenció Primària Barcelona Ciutat, Institut Català de la Salut (ICS), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Anna Guardia-Riera
- Àrea Bàsica de Salut l'Hospitalet de Llobregat 6—Sta. Eulàlia sud, Gerència d’Àmbit d’Atenció Primària Hospitalet de Llobregat, Institut Català de la Salut, Barcelona, Spain
| | | | - Carlos Martin-Cantera
- Institut Universitari d’Investigació en Atenció Primària Jordi Gol (IDIAP Jordi Gol), Barcelona, Spain
- Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra (Cerdanyola del Vallès), Spain
- Centre d'Atenció Primària (CAP) Passeig de Sant Joan, Gerència d’Àmbit d’Atenció Primària Barcelona Ciutat, Institut Català de la Salut (ICS), Barcelona, Spain
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Coll-Planas L, Del Valle Gómez G, Bonilla P, Masat T, Puig T, Monteserin R. Promoting social capital to alleviate loneliness and improve health among older people in Spain. HEALTH & SOCIAL CARE IN THE COMMUNITY 2017; 25:145-157. [PMID: 26427604 DOI: 10.1111/hsc.12284] [Citation(s) in RCA: 83] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/03/2015] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Loneliness is especially frequent among older people in Southern Europe. Furthermore, promoting social capital to tackle loneliness and its health effects is an understudied intervention strategy. Therefore, a complex intervention was piloted in Spain in a pre-post study with a 2-year follow-up. Its aims were to explore the feasibility of the intervention and its short- and long-term effects. It was conducted in one mixed rural-urban and two urban areas of diverse socioeconomic levels from 2011 to 2012. The intervention framework was based on social capital theory applying a behaviour change model and care co-ordination. The intervention comprised: (i) a co-ordinated action aimed at building a network between primary healthcare centres and community assets in the neighbourhood and (ii) a group-based programme, which promoted social capital among lonely older people, especially social support and participation. Older people active in senior centres volunteered as gatekeepers. The main outcome domain was loneliness. Secondary outcome domains were participation, social support, self-perceived health, quality of life, depressive symptoms and use of health resources. Pre-post changes were assessed with t-test, Wilcoxon signed-rank test and McNemar's test. Differences between the three time points were assessed with a one-way ANOVA with repeated measures. Social workers and nurses were successfully involved as group leaders, 10 volunteers took part and 38 participants were included. After the intervention, loneliness decreased while social participation and support significantly increased. Furthermore, the number of visits to nurses increased. Exactly 65.8% of the participants built social contacts within the group and 47.4% became engaged in new activities. Two years later, social effects were maintained and depressive symptoms had decreased. Exactly 44.7% of the participants continued to be in contact with at least one person from the group and 39.5% continued participating. The intervention contributes a novel and feasible social capital-based approach for alleviating loneliness among older adults while prompting meaningful changes in their lives.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Coll-Planas
- Fundació Salut i Envelliment (Foundation on Health and Ageing), Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
- IIB Sant Pau, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Gabriela Del Valle Gómez
- Fundació Salut i Envelliment (Foundation on Health and Ageing), Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
- IIB Sant Pau, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Petra Bonilla
- Equip d'Atenció Primària Sant Martí de Provençals, Institut Català de la Salut, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Teresa Masat
- Equip d'Atenció Primària Cardedeu, Institut Català de la Salut, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Teresa Puig
- IIB Sant Pau, Barcelona, Spain
- Servicio de Epidemiología Clínica y Salud Pública, Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Rosa Monteserin
- Fundació Salut i Envelliment (Foundation on Health and Ageing), Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
- IIB Sant Pau, Barcelona, Spain
- Equip d'Atenció Primària Sardenya, EAP Sardenya, Barcelona, Spain
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Tortosa MÁ, Granell R, Fuenmayor A, Martínez M. [Effects of a physical restraint removal program on older people with dementia in residential care]. Rev Esp Geriatr Gerontol 2016; 51:5-10. [PMID: 26422595 DOI: 10.1016/j.regg.2015.06.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2014] [Revised: 05/30/2015] [Accepted: 06/28/2015] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To analyse the results of removing physical restraints from elderly patients with dementia living in nursing homes. This objective is part of a wider process of change in residential care. METHODS Quasi-experimental study conducted in two residences from May 2010 to May 2012. Information was collected at 7 time points and longitudinal analyses were performed. After training staff, the physical restraints in El Puig centre were phased out, while in the Conarda centre, restraints were still applied to elderly people. The main variables studied were: falls, psychotropic medication prescriptions, different indicators of mental impairment, and degree of dependence (Norton, NPI, Mini-mental, Tinetti, Barthel). RESULTS In the El Puig centre all the physical restraints were removed. A slight improvement was seen in the number of falls, and their consequences. The ANOVA showed significant improvements in the centre that removed restraints in prescribing psychotropic medications, cognitive impairment, and behavioural changes. DISCUSSION It is shown that removing physical restraints do not cause negative effects as regards the number of falls, and also positively affects the welfare and independence of elderly people (through changes in behaviour and mental impairment). Furthermore, it is demonstrated that this program must be accompanied by the reduction and control of medicines (withdrawal of the number of psychotropic prescriptions).
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Affiliation(s)
- M Ángeles Tortosa
- Departamento de Economía Aplicada, Universitat de València, Valencia, España.
| | - Rafael Granell
- Departamento de Economía Aplicada, Universitat de València, Valencia, España
| | - Amadeo Fuenmayor
- Departamento de Economía Aplicada, Universitat de València, Valencia, España
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Matrai S, Casajuana C, Allamani A, Baccini M, Pepe P, Massini G, Gual A. The relationships between the impact of alcoholic beverage control policies, selected contextual determinants, and alcohol drinking in Spain. Subst Use Misuse 2014; 49:1665-83. [PMID: 24870987 DOI: 10.3109/10826084.2014.913398] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Alcohol prevention policies alone neither cause nor explain changes in alcohol consumption, nor in related harm. Alcohol consumption in Spain throughout the period 1962-2008 was analyzed considering selected contextual factors and alcohol policies. Increased urbanization was found to be associated with higher consumption, especially of beer. Restrictive policies regulating purchase age, advertising, and licensing premises to sell alcohol were associated with decreased alcohol consumption, while lower blood alcohol concentration limits were followed by an increase. Study limitations are noted. Changes in the evolution of socioeconomic, sociodemographic, and cultural factors should be carefully analyzed to inform alcohol policy planning and evaluation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Silvia Matrai
- 1Addictions Unit, Hospital Clínic de Barcelona , Barcelona , Spain
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Rojas Carmona A, Rodríguez Bolaños R, Álamo Hernández U, Pacheco Magaña LE, Treviño Siller S, Márquez Serrano M. [Experience of community participation in management adequacy of municipal solid waste in Mexico]. Glob Health Promot 2014; 22:96-106. [PMID: 25193654 DOI: 10.1177/1757975914543576] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2013] [Accepted: 04/22/2014] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Objetivo: Diseñar, implementar y evaluar una intervención educativa que contribuya al manejo adecuado de los residuos sólidos urbanos con participación de una comunidad semiurbana, al norte de Cuernavaca, Morelos, México. Material y métodos: Estudio con medición pre y post-intervención educativa, también llamado diseño pre-experimental, con aproximación cuanti-cualitativa. Cuestionario hecho en 27 hogares, 3 grupos focales, 8 entrevistas y creación de un registro etnográfico, de agosto 2010 a mayo 2011. Resultados: Participaron 23 niños/niñas y 14 mujeres de manera directa, en actividades de la intervención. Se incrementó 4,74% el conocimiento sobre manejo de los residuos ( p = 0,036), 4.5% la susceptibilidad percibida ( p = 0,041) y 3.39% los beneficios percibidos ( p = 0,032). La basura se percibe como problema asociado a daños a la salud y medio ambiente. Se identificó a la mujer como responsable del manejo de residuos sólidos. Se favoreció la relación vecinal e incorporación de acciones de separar residuos y barrer las calles con más frecuencia. Conclusiones: Reconocer a la población como guía de acciones en salud es fundamental para el éxito de intervenciones comunitarias. Se recomienda el uso de una metodología participativa en otras propuestas de intervención.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anabel Rojas Carmona
- Centro de Investigación en Sistemas de Salud, Instituto Nacional de Salud Pública, Cuernavaca, Morelos, México
| | - Rosibel Rodríguez Bolaños
- Centro de Investigación en Salud Poblacional, Instituto Nacional de Salud Pública, Cuernavaca, Morelos, México
| | | | - Lilian E Pacheco Magaña
- Centro de Investigación en Sistemas de Salud, Instituto Nacional de Salud Pública, Cuernavaca, Morelos, México
| | - Sandra Treviño Siller
- Centro de Investigación en Sistemas de Salud, Instituto Nacional de Salud Pública, Cuernavaca, Morelos, México
| | - Margarita Márquez Serrano
- Centro de Investigación en Sistemas de Salud, Instituto Nacional de Salud Pública, Cuernavaca, Morelos, México
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Casajuana Kögel C, Cofiño R, López MJ. [Evaluation of the Health Observatory of Asturias (Spain): web and social network metrics and health professionals' opinions]. GACETA SANITARIA 2014; 28:183-9. [PMID: 24485653 DOI: 10.1016/j.gaceta.2013.12.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2013] [Revised: 12/13/2013] [Accepted: 12/18/2013] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To evaluate the Health Observatory of Asturias (Observatorio de Salud de Asturias [OBSA]), which collects and disseminates health data from Asturias through a website and social networks. METHOD A cross-sectional study was conducted between 2012 and 2013. The study included a process evaluation that analyzed the reach of the OBSA's website, Facebook and Twitter accounts through web metrics and the use made by health professionals in Asturias of these media. Satisfaction was assessed through an online questionnaire. To estimate the potential effects of the OBSA, the study also included an evaluation of the results with a non-experimental design. RESULTS The total number of visits to the website increased in 2012, with more than 37,000 visits. The questionnaire (n=43) showed that 72.1% of the health professionals knew of the OBSA and that 81.5% of them had used it. Most health professionals reported they were satisfied with the OBSA and believed that it encouraged cooperation among professionals (51.6%). CONCLUSION The OBSA is known and consulted by most health professionals and is achieving some of its main objectives: to inform health staff and stimulate discussion. According to the results, information and communication technologies could play an important role in the presentation of health data in a more interactive and accessible way.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cristina Casajuana Kögel
- Departament de Ciències Experimentals i de la Salut, Universidad Pompeu Fabra, Barcelona, España
| | - Rafael Cofiño
- Observatorio de Salud de Asturias, Dirección General de Salud Pública, Consejería de Sanidad del Gobierno del Principado de Asturias, Oviedo, España
| | - María José López
- Agència de Salut Pública de Barcelona, Barcelona, España; CIBER de Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), España; Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques Sant Pau (IIB Sant Pau), Barcelona, España.
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[Feasibility of following up a representative sample of the adult population in Barcelona (Spain)]. GACETA SANITARIA 2012. [PMID: 23207429 DOI: 10.1016/j.gaceta.2012.08.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The objective of this work was to study the feasibility of following up a representative sample of the adult population of Barcelona 8 years after the baseline study. We selected a random sample (n=100) of the 1161 participants who consented to be re-contacted. We contacted 66 participants: 52 (78.8%) agreed to participate in the follow-up, three (4.5%) had died, four (6.1%) had moved, and seven (10.6%) declined to participate in the follow-up. The participation rate in the feasibility study was 52%. In conclusion, the results of our study show a good feasibility of conducting a follow-up study 8 years after the baseline study.
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Marí-Dell’Olmo M. Recensión bibliográfica. GACETA SANITARIA 2011. [DOI: 10.1016/j.gaceta.2011.05.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
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Villalbí JR, Tresserras R. Evaluación de políticas y planes de salud. GACETA SANITARIA 2011; 25 Suppl 1:17-24. [DOI: 10.1016/s0213-9111(11)70004-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/15/2022]
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