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Wang D, Jiang J, Shang W, Zhang J, Jiang X, Shen F, Liang J, Li Y, Li M, Wang M, Sui N. Effect of early embryonic exposure to morphine on defects in the GABAergic system of day-old chicks. Prog Neuropsychopharmacol Biol Psychiatry 2023; 121:110657. [PMID: 36244467 DOI: 10.1016/j.pnpbp.2022.110657] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2022] [Revised: 09/29/2022] [Accepted: 10/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
Embryonic morphine exposure (EME) leads to abnormal brain development and behavior in the offspring, and the functional alteration of γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA) system is considered to be one of the important mechanisms. To mimic the problem of susceptibility of human gestational drug abuse on addictive drugs in offspring, we administered morphine exposure on days 5-8 and 13-16 of chicken embryo development and examined the functions of GABA neurons and their receptors in postnatal chicks by neuroelectrophysiology, immunohistochemistry and behavioral methods. We found that morphine exposure during embryonic stages 5-8 (MorphineE5-8) significantly reduced the incidence of spontaneous inhibitory postsynaptic potentiation (IPSP) and the induction of evoked IPSP and the mean amplitude of GABAA agonist muscimol-induced response in the intermediate medial interstitial (IMM) region, compared to naïve controls or saline-exposed chicks. The results of immunocytochemistry further suggest that MorphineE5-8 decreased the synaptic density of GAD-expressing sites in the IMM, while increased the expression of the GABAA receptor subtype γ2 isoform. Behavioral results found that Morphine5-8 treatment de-inhibited morphine-induced psychomotor responses in postnatal chicks. Morphine exposure at embryonic stages 13-16 (MorphineE13-16) showed no significant changes in the above indicators compared to the saline group. Evidence suggests that early embryonic morphine exposure leads to defects in GABAergic function in the IMM, which in turn alters the responsiveness of postnatal chicks to addictive drugs. These results will help to understand the GABA mechanisms by which embryonic addictive drug exposure contributes to offspring susceptibility to addiction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dongmei Wang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Mental Health, Institute of Psychology, Beijing, China; Department of Psychology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Juan Jiang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Mental Health, Institute of Psychology, Beijing, China; Department of Psychology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Wen Shang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Mental Health, Institute of Psychology, Beijing, China; Department of Psychology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Jianjun Zhang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Mental Health, Institute of Psychology, Beijing, China; Department of Psychology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Xiao Jiang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Mental Health, Institute of Psychology, Beijing, China; Department of Psychology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Fang Shen
- CAS Key Laboratory of Mental Health, Institute of Psychology, Beijing, China; Department of Psychology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Jing Liang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Mental Health, Institute of Psychology, Beijing, China; Department of Psychology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Yonghui Li
- CAS Key Laboratory of Mental Health, Institute of Psychology, Beijing, China; Department of Psychology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Ming Li
- Department of Psychology, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, USA
| | - Mengya Wang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Mental Health, Institute of Psychology, Beijing, China; Cell Electrophysiology Laboratory, Wannan Medical College, Wuhu, China.
| | - Nan Sui
- CAS Key Laboratory of Mental Health, Institute of Psychology, Beijing, China; Department of Psychology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.
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Differential Impact of Inhibitory G-Protein Signaling Pathways in Ventral Tegmental Area Dopamine Neurons on Behavioral Sensitivity to Cocaine and Morphine. eNeuro 2021; 8:ENEURO.0081-21.2021. [PMID: 33707203 PMCID: PMC8114902 DOI: 10.1523/eneuro.0081-21.2021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2021] [Accepted: 03/03/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Drugs of abuse engage overlapping but distinct molecular and cellular mechanisms to enhance dopamine (DA) signaling in the mesocorticolimbic circuitry. DA neurons of the ventral tegmental area (VTA) are key substrates of drugs of abuse and have been implicated in addiction-related behaviors. Enhanced VTA DA neurotransmission evoked by drugs of abuse can engage inhibitory G-protein-dependent feedback pathways, mediated by GABAB receptors (GABABRs) and D2 DA receptors (D2Rs). Chemogenetic inhibition of VTA DA neurons potently suppressed baseline motor activity, as well as the motor-stimulatory effect of cocaine and morphine, confirming the critical influence of VTA DA neurons and inhibitory G-protein signaling in these neurons on this addiction-related behavior. To resolve the relative influence of GABABR-dependent and D2R-dependent signaling pathways in VTA DA neurons on behavioral sensitivity to drugs of abuse, we developed a neuron-specific viral CRISPR/Cas9 approach to ablate D2R and GABABR in VTA DA neurons. Ablation of GABABR or D2R did not impact baseline physiological properties or excitability of VTA DA neurons, but it did preclude the direct somatodendritic inhibitory influence of GABABR or D2R activation. D2R ablation potentiated the motor-stimulatory effect of cocaine in male and female mice, whereas GABABR ablation selectively potentiated cocaine-induced activity in male subjects only. Neither D2R nor GABABR ablation impacted morphine-induced motor activity. Collectively, our data show that cocaine and morphine differ in the extent to which they engage inhibitory G-protein-dependent feedback pathways in VTA DA neurons and highlight key sex differences that may impact susceptibility to various facets of addiction.
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Thompson BL, Oscar-Berman M, Kaplan GB. Opioid-induced structural and functional plasticity of medium-spiny neurons in the nucleus accumbens. Neurosci Biobehav Rev 2021; 120:417-430. [PMID: 33152423 PMCID: PMC7855607 DOI: 10.1016/j.neubiorev.2020.10.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2020] [Revised: 10/16/2020] [Accepted: 10/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Opioid Use Disorder (OUD) is a chronic relapsing clinical condition with tremendous morbidity and mortality that frequently persists, despite treatment, due to an individual's underlying psychological, neurobiological, and genetic vulnerabilities. Evidence suggests that these vulnerabilities may have neurochemical, cellular, and molecular bases. Key neuroplastic events within the mesocorticolimbic system that emerge through chronic exposure to opioids may have a determinative influence on behavioral symptoms associated with OUD. In particular, structural and functional alterations in the dendritic spines of medium spiny neurons (MSNs) within the nucleus accumbens (NAc) and its dopaminergic projections from the ventral tegmental area (VTA) are believed to facilitate these behavioral sequelae. Additionally, glutamatergic neurons from the prefrontal cortex, the basolateral amygdala, the hippocampus, and the thalamus project to these same MSNs, providing an enriched target for synaptic plasticity. Here, we review literature related to neuroadaptations in NAc MSNs from dopaminergic and glutamatergic pathways in OUD. We also describe new findings related to transcriptional, epigenetic, and molecular mechanisms in MSN plasticity in the different stages of OUD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benjamin L Thompson
- Department of Radiology & Biomedical Imaging, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, 06520, USA; Research Service, VA Boston Healthcare System, 150 South Huntington Avenue, Boston, MA 02130, USA.
| | - Marlene Oscar-Berman
- Research Service, VA Boston Healthcare System, 150 South Huntington Avenue, Boston, MA 02130, USA; Department of Anatomy & Neurobiology, Boston University School of Medicine, 72 East Concord Street, Boston, MA, 02118, USA; Department of Psychiatry, Boston University School of Medicine, 720 Harrison Avenue, Boston, MA, 02118, USA; Department of Neurology, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston University Medical Center, 80 East Concord Street, Boston, MA 02118, USA.
| | - Gary B Kaplan
- Department of Psychiatry, Boston University School of Medicine, 720 Harrison Avenue, Boston, MA, 02118, USA; Mental Health Service, VA Boston Healthcare System, 940 Belmont Street, Brockton, MA, 02301, USA; Department of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics, Boston University School of Medicine, 72 East Concord Street, Boston, MA, 02118, USA.
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Lobina C, Maccioni P, Lorrai I, Zaru A, Collu M, Carai MAM, Brizzi A, Mugnaini C, Gessa GL, Corelli F, Colombo G. Suppressing effect of the novel positive allosteric modulator of the GABA B receptor, COR659, on locomotor hyperactivity induced by different drugs of abuse. Behav Brain Res 2020; 400:113045. [PMID: 33309750 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbr.2020.113045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2020] [Revised: 11/10/2020] [Accepted: 11/23/2020] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
COR659 is a recently synthesized positive allosteric modulator (PAM) of the GABAB receptor. Similarly to all GABAB PAMs tested to date, COR659 has been reported to suppress different alcohol-related behaviors in rodents. The present study was designed to assess whether the anti-addictive properties of COR659 extend to drugs of abuse other than alcohol. Specifically, it investigated the effect of COR659 on cocaine-, amphetamine-, nicotine-, and morphine-induced locomotor hyperactivity in mice. To this aim, independent groups of CD1 mice were acutely pretreated with COR659 (0, 10, and 20 mg/kg; i.p.), then acutely treated with cocaine (0 and 10 mg/kg, s.c.), amphetamine (0 and 5 mg/kg; s.c.), nicotine (0 and 0.05 mg/kg; s.c.), or morphine (0 and 20 mg/kg; s.c.), and finally exposed for 60 min to a photocell-equipped motility cage. When given alone, both doses of COR659 were ineffective on spontaneous locomotor activity. Pretreatment with COR659 reduced, or even suppressed, the increase in motility counts induced by cocaine, amphetamine, nicotine, and morphine. Since locomotor hyperactivity is an attribute common to drugs of abuse, the results of the present study constitute the first line of evidence on the extension of the preclinical, anti-addictive profile of COR659 to cocaine, amphetamine, nicotine, and morphine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carla Lobina
- Neuroscience Institute, Section of Cagliari, National Research Council of Italy, Monserrato, CA, I-09042, Italy
| | - Paola Maccioni
- Neuroscience Institute, Section of Cagliari, National Research Council of Italy, Monserrato, CA, I-09042, Italy
| | - Irene Lorrai
- Neuroscience Institute, Section of Cagliari, National Research Council of Italy, Monserrato, CA, I-09042, Italy; Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Cagliari, Monserrato, CA, I-09042, Italy
| | - Alessandro Zaru
- Neuroscience Institute, Section of Cagliari, National Research Council of Italy, Monserrato, CA, I-09042, Italy; Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Cagliari, Monserrato, CA, I-09042, Italy
| | - Maria Collu
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Cagliari, Monserrato, CA, I-09042, Italy
| | - Mauro A M Carai
- Cagliari Pharmacological Research, Cagliari, CA, I-09127, Italy
| | - Antonella Brizzi
- Department of Biotechnology, Chemistry, and Pharmacy, University of Siena, Siena, SI, I-53100, Italy
| | - Claudia Mugnaini
- Department of Biotechnology, Chemistry, and Pharmacy, University of Siena, Siena, SI, I-53100, Italy
| | - Gian Luigi Gessa
- Neuroscience Institute, Section of Cagliari, National Research Council of Italy, Monserrato, CA, I-09042, Italy; Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Cagliari, Monserrato, CA, I-09042, Italy
| | - Federico Corelli
- Department of Biotechnology, Chemistry, and Pharmacy, University of Siena, Siena, SI, I-53100, Italy
| | - Giancarlo Colombo
- Neuroscience Institute, Section of Cagliari, National Research Council of Italy, Monserrato, CA, I-09042, Italy.
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Alavian F, Ghiasvand S. GABA B receptors within the central nucleus of amygdala may involve in the morphine-induced incentive tolerance in female rats. IRANIAN JOURNAL OF BASIC MEDICAL SCIENCES 2017; 20:822-828. [PMID: 28852448 PMCID: PMC5569599 DOI: 10.22038/ijbms.2017.9018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Objective(s): Central nucleus of amygdala (CeA) is the most important region for morphine-induced reward, and GABAergic system plays an important role on morphine reinforcement. The influence of CeA administration of GABAB receptor agonist and antagonist on the expression and acquisition of morphine-induced incentive tolerance using conditioned place preference (CPP) paradigm was investigated in the present study. Our purpose was to evaluate the role of CeA GABAB receptors in morphine tolerance. Materials and Methods: Seven days after surgery and cannulation, the experiments were begun. Subcutaneous (SC) injections of morphine induced CPP. Administration of one daily dose of morphine (12.5 mg/kg) for 3 days in order to develop tolerance to the drug reduced the conditioning induced by morphine (7.5 mg/kg, SC). GABAB receptor agonist, baclofen (1.5, 6 and 12 µg/rat) or GABAB receptor antagonist, CGP35348 (1.5, 6 and 12 µg/rat) were injected into the CeA 5 min before the experiments in the test day (expression of tolerance) or 5 min before each injection of morphine (12.5 mg/kg) (acquisition of tolerance). Results: It was shown that injections of baclofen (1.5 and 12 µg/rat) reduced acquisition, whereas the dose of 6 µg/rat of the drug exacerbated the acquisition of morphine tolerance. Baclofen at all doses significantly increased the expression of tolerance to morphine. Administration of CGP35348 (1.5, 6 and 12 µg/rat) reduced the acquisition and expression of morphine tolerance. Conclusion: These results confirmed the importance of GABAB receptors with in the CeA in morphine tolerance in female rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Firoozeh Alavian
- Department of Basic Sciences, Farhangian University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Saeedeh Ghiasvand
- Departments of Biology, Faculty of Science, Malayer University, Malayer, Iran
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Topkara B, Yananli HR, Sakallı E, Demirkapu MJ. Effects of Injection of Gamma-Aminobutyric Acid Agonists into the Nucleus Accumbens on Naloxone-Induced Morphine Withdrawal. Pharmacology 2017. [DOI: 10.1159/000477548] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Aims: This study was to investigate the effects of local administration of gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) agonists into the nucleus accumbens (NAc) on naloxone-induced morphine withdrawal symptoms. Methods: Bilateral guide cannulas were stereotaxically implanted in the shell or core regions of the NAc of Sprague-Dawley rats. After a recovery period, 3 morphine pellets, each consisting of 75 mg morphine base, were placed subcutaneously on the first and third days of the study with the rats under mild ether anaesthesia. The GABA agonists, baclofen hydrochloride or muscimol hydrobromide, were injected into the NAc, and morphine withdrawal was induced by naloxone on the fifth day. Results: Administration of baclofen to the shell or core regions of the NAc of Sprague-Dawley rats led to statistically significant decreases in both behavioural and locomotor activity parameters during the morphine withdrawal period, compared to the control group. However, there were no statistically significant changes in locomotor activity or withdrawal behavioural parameters, with the exception of wet dog shakes, between control and muscimol-treated groups. Conclusion: These findings show that GABAergic conduction in the NAc is effective on the morphine withdrawal symptoms, and that both the shell and core regions of the NAc are associated with this effect.
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Minshawi NF, Hurwitz S, Morriss D, McDougle CJ. Multidisciplinary assessment and treatment of self-injurious behavior in autism spectrum disorder and intellectual disability: integration of psychological and biological theory and approach. J Autism Dev Disord 2015; 45:1541-68. [PMID: 25395094 DOI: 10.1007/s10803-014-2307-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
The objective of this review is to consider the psychological (largely behavioral) and biological [neurochemical, medical (including genetic), and pharmacological] theories and approaches that contribute to current thinking about the etiology and treatment of self-injurious behavior (SIB) in individuals with autism spectrum disorder and/or intellectual disability. Algorithms for the assessment and treatment of SIB in this context, respectively, from a multidisciplinary, integrative perspective are proposed and challenges and opportunities that exist in clinical and research settings are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Noha F Minshawi
- Christian Sarkine Autism Treatment Center, James Whitcomb Riley Hospital for Children, Department of Psychiatry, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana, USA
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ZióŁkowska B, Gieryk A, Solecki W, PrzewŁocki R. Temporal and anatomic patterns of immediate-early gene expression in the forebrain of C57BL/6 and DBA/2 mice after morphine administration. Neuroscience 2014; 284:107-124. [PMID: 25290009 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2014.09.069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2014] [Revised: 09/03/2014] [Accepted: 09/03/2014] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
Although morphine was previously reported to produce an instant induction of c-fos in the striatum, our recent studies have demonstrated that the expression of numerous immediate early genes (IEGs) is significantly elevated at delayed time-points (several hours) after morphine administration. To better dissect the time-course of opioid-produced IEG induction, we used in situ hybridization to examine the expression of the IEGs c-fos, zif268 and arc in the mouse forebrain at several time-points after acute morphine injection. To link drug-produced behavioral changes with the activity of specific neuronal complexes, this study was performed comparatively in the C57BL/6 and DBA/2 mouse strains, which differ markedly in their locomotor responses to opioids and opioid reward. Our study demonstrates that morphine produces two episodes of IEG induction, which are separate in time (30 min vs. 4-6 h) and which have different neuroanatomic distribution. At 30 min, one or more IEGs were induced in circumscribed subregions of the dorsal striatum (dStr) and of the nucleus accumbens (NAc) shell, as well as in the lateral septum. The observed inter-strain differences in IEG expression at 30 min support earlier proposals that activation of the dorsomedial striatum may mediate morphine-elicited locomotor stimulation (both effects were present only in the C57BL/6 strain). In contrast, NAc shell activation does not appear to be linked to morphine-elicited changes in locomotor behavior. The second IEG induction (of arc and of zif268) was more widespread, involving most of the dStr and the cortex. The second IEG induction peaked earlier in the DBA/2 mice than in the C57BL/6 mice (4 h compared with 6 h) and displayed no apparent relation to locomotor behavior. This delayed episode of IEG activation, which has largely been overlooked thus far, may contribute to the development of long-term effects of opioids such as tolerance, dependence and/or addiction.
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Affiliation(s)
- B ZióŁkowska
- Department of Molecular Neuropharmacology, Institute of Pharmacology, Polish Academy of Sciences, Smętna 12, 31-343 Kraków, Poland.
| | - A Gieryk
- Department of Molecular Neuropharmacology, Institute of Pharmacology, Polish Academy of Sciences, Smętna 12, 31-343 Kraków, Poland
| | - W Solecki
- Department of Molecular Neuropharmacology, Institute of Pharmacology, Polish Academy of Sciences, Smętna 12, 31-343 Kraków, Poland; Department of Neurobiology and Neuropsychology, Institute of Applied Psychology, Jagiellonian University, Łojasiewicza 4, 30-348 Kraków, Poland
| | - R PrzewŁocki
- Department of Molecular Neuropharmacology, Institute of Pharmacology, Polish Academy of Sciences, Smętna 12, 31-343 Kraków, Poland; Department of Neurobiology and Neuropsychology, Institute of Applied Psychology, Jagiellonian University, Łojasiewicza 4, 30-348 Kraków, Poland
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Liu P, Wu C, Song W, Yu L, Yang X, Xiang R, Wang F, Yang J. Uridine decreases morphine-induced behavioral sensitization by decreasing dorsal striatal dopamine release possibly via agonistic effects at GABAA receptors. Eur Neuropsychopharmacol 2014; 24:1557-66. [PMID: 25088943 DOI: 10.1016/j.euroneuro.2014.06.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2013] [Revised: 06/14/2014] [Accepted: 06/20/2014] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Uridine, a potential endogenous neuromodulator, has been demonstrated to interact with the dopaminergic system and to regulate dopamine-related behaviors. The present study investigated the effects of uridine on morphine-induced hyperactivity and behavioral sensitization and on modulating dopaminergic neurotransmission in mice, which may help to understand how uridine and its metabolites act as modulators of the GABAA receptors. The results showed that either systemic (30 or 100mg/kg) or central (30, 100 or 300nM) uridine administration significantly attenuated the hyperactivity induced by acute morphine treatment in mice. Intracerebroventricular administration of uracil and β-alanine also inhibited morphine-induced hyperactivity. Uridine, a known modulator of the GABA receptors, increased the extracellular levels of GABA in the brain. In addition, the GABAA receptors antagonist bicuculline significantly attenuated the effects of uridine on morphine-induced hyperactivity, suggesting that the GABAA receptors potentially mediate the effects of uridine and its metabolites on morphine-related activity. It was also observed that morphine-induced locomotor sensitization was abolished after chronic uridine treatment. In vivo microdialysis demonstrated that uridine reversed morphine-induced dopamine release in the dorsal striatum of morphine-sensitized mice. In conclusion, these data suggest that the therapeutic effects of uridine and its metabolites on morphine-induced hyperactivity and established behavioral sensitization may be mediated in part by interfering with the dopaminergic system possibly via agonistic effects at GABAA receptors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ping Liu
- Department of Pharmacology, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Box 31, 103 Wenhua Road, 110016 Shenyang, PR China
| | - Chunfu Wu
- Department of Pharmacology, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Box 31, 103 Wenhua Road, 110016 Shenyang, PR China
| | - Wu Song
- Department of Pharmacology, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Box 31, 103 Wenhua Road, 110016 Shenyang, PR China
| | - Lisha Yu
- Department of Pharmacology, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Box 31, 103 Wenhua Road, 110016 Shenyang, PR China
| | - Xiaofeng Yang
- Department of Pharmacology, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Box 31, 103 Wenhua Road, 110016 Shenyang, PR China
| | - Rongwu Xiang
- Mathematics Teaching & Research Section, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, 110016 Shenyang, PR China
| | - Fang Wang
- Department of Pharmacology, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Box 31, 103 Wenhua Road, 110016 Shenyang, PR China
| | - Jingyu Yang
- Department of Pharmacology, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Box 31, 103 Wenhua Road, 110016 Shenyang, PR China.
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Pedrón VT, Taravini IR, Induni AS, Balerio GN. Baclofen did not modify sexually dimorphic c-Fos expression during morphine withdrawal syndrome. Synapse 2012; 67:118-26. [DOI: 10.1002/syn.21620] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2012] [Accepted: 10/26/2012] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
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Lobina C, Carai MAM, Froestl W, Mugnaini C, Pasquini S, Corelli F, Gessa GL, Colombo G. Activation of the GABA(B) Receptor Prevents Nicotine-Induced Locomotor Stimulation in Mice. Front Psychiatry 2011; 2:76. [PMID: 22232609 PMCID: PMC3248647 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2011.00076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2011] [Accepted: 12/13/2011] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Recent studies demonstrated that activation of the GABA(B) receptor, either by means of orthosteric agonists or positive allosteric modulators (PAMs), inhibited different nicotine-related behaviors, including intravenous self-administration and conditioned place preference, in rodents. The present study investigated whether the anti-nicotine effects of the GABA(B) receptor agonist, baclofen, and GABA(B) PAMs, CGP7930, and GS39783, extend to nicotine stimulant effects. To this end, CD1 mice were initially treated with baclofen (0, 1.25, and 2.5 mg/kg, i.p.), CGP7930 (0, 25, and 50 mg/kg, i.g.), or GS39783 (0, 25, and 50 mg/kg, i.g.), then treated with nicotine (0 and 0.05 mg/kg, s.c.), and finally exposed to an automated apparatus for recording of locomotor activity. Pretreatment with doses of baclofen, CGP7930, or GS39783 that did not alter locomotor activity when given with nicotine vehicle fully prevented hyperlocomotion induced by 0.05 mg/kg nicotine. These data extend to nicotine stimulant effects the capacity of baclofen and GABA(B) PAMs to block the reinforcing, motivational, and rewarding properties of nicotine. These data strengthen the hypothesis that activation of the GABA(B) receptor may represent a potentially useful, anti-smoking therapeutic strategy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carla Lobina
- Neuroscience Institute, National Research Council of Italy, Section of Cagliari Monserrato, Italy
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12
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Abstract
Drugs of abuse usurp the mechanisms underlying synaptic plasticity in areas of the brain, a process that may contribute to the development of addiction. We previously reported that GABAergic synapses onto dopaminergic neurons in the ventral tegmental area (VTA) exhibit long-term potentiation (LTP(GABA)) blocked by in vivo exposure to morphine. The presynaptically maintained LTP requires the retrogradely released nitric oxide (NO) to activate a presynaptic cGMP signaling cascade. Previous work reported that inhibitory GABA(A) receptor synapses in the VTA are also potentiated by cAMP. Here, we explored the interactions between cGMP-dependent (PKG) and cAMP-dependent (PKA) protein kinases in the regulation of these GABAergic synapses and LTP(GABA). Activation of PKG was required for NO-cGMP signaling and was also essential for the induction of synaptically elicited LTP(GABA), but not for its maintenance. Synapses containing GABA(A) receptors were potentiated by NO-cGMP signaling, whereas synapses containing GABA(B) receptors on the same cells were not potentiated. Moreover, although the cAMP-PKA system potentiated GABA(A) synapses, synaptically induced LTP(GABA) was independent of PKA activation. Surprisingly, however, raising cGMP levels saturated potentiation of these synapses, precluding further potentiation by cAMP and suggesting a convergent end point for both signaling pathways in the regulation of GABAergic release. We further found that persistent GABAergic synaptic modifications observed with in vivo morphine did not involve the presynaptic cAMP-PKA cascade. Taken together, our data suggest a synapse-specific role for NO-cGMP-PKG signaling pathway in opioid-induced plasticity of VTA GABA(A) synapses.
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Hamlin AS, McNally GP, Fred Westbrook R, Osborne PB. Induction of Fos proteins in regions of the nucleus accumbens and ventrolateral striatum correlates with catalepsy and stereotypic behaviours induced by morphine. Neuropharmacology 2009; 56:798-807. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neuropharm.2009.01.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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Sahraei H, Etemadi L, Rostami P, Pourmotabbed A, Zarrindast MR, Shams J, Ghoshooni H, Noroozzadeh A, Esfandiari B, Salimi SH. GABAB receptors within the ventral tegmental area are involved in the expression and acquisition of morphine-induced place preference in morphine-sensitized rats. Pharmacol Biochem Behav 2009; 91:409-16. [DOI: 10.1016/j.pbb.2008.08.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2007] [Revised: 07/23/2008] [Accepted: 08/12/2008] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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15
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Lhuillier L, Mombereau C, Cryan JF, Kaupmann K. GABA(B) receptor-positive modulation decreases selective molecular and behavioral effects of cocaine. Neuropsychopharmacology 2007; 32:388-98. [PMID: 16710312 PMCID: PMC1774586 DOI: 10.1038/sj.npp.1301102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
Exposure to cocaine induces selective behavioral and molecular adaptations. In rodents, acute cocaine induces increased locomotor activity, whereas prolonged drug exposure results in behavioral locomotor sensitization, which is thought to be a consequence of drug-induced neuroadaptive changes. Recent attention has been given to compounds activating GABA(B) receptors as potential antiaddictive therapies. In particular, the principle of allosteric positive GABA(B) receptor modulators is very promising in this respect, as positive modulators lack the sedative and muscle relaxant properties of full GABA(B) receptor agonists such as baclofen. Here, we investigated the effects of systemic application of the GABA(B) receptor-positive modulator GS39783 (N,N'-dicyclopentyl-2-methylsulfanyl-5-nitro-pyrimidine-4, 6-diamine) in animals treated with acute and chronic cocaine administration. Both GS39783 and baclofen dose dependently attenuated acute cocaine-induced hyperlocomotion. Furthermore, both compounds also efficiently blocked cocaine-induced Fos induction in the striatal complex. In chronic studies, GS39783 induced a modest attenuation of cocaine-induced locomotor sensitization. Chronic cocaine induces the accumulation of the transcription factor deltaFosB and upregulates cAMP-response-element-binding protein (CREB) and dopamine- and cAMP-regulated phosphoprotein of 32 kDa (DARPP-32). GS39783 blocked the induction/activation of DARPP-32 and CREB in the nucleus accumbens and dorsal striatum and partially inhibited deltaFosB accumulation in the dorsal striatum. In summary, our data provide evidence that GS39783 attenuates the acute behavioral effects of cocaine exposure in rodents and in addition prevents the induction of selective long-term adaptive changes in dopaminergic signaling pathways. Further investigation of GABA(B) receptor-positive modulation as a novel therapeutic strategy for the treatment of cocaine dependence and possibly other drugs of abuse is therefore warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - John F. Cryan
- *Corresponding authors: JF Cryan & K Kaupmann, Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research; Novartis Pharma AG; CH 4002 Basel, Switzerland; please address correspondence to KK () or JFC ()
| | - Klemens Kaupmann
- *Corresponding authors: JF Cryan & K Kaupmann, Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research; Novartis Pharma AG; CH 4002 Basel, Switzerland; please address correspondence to KK () or JFC ()
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16
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Holstein SE, Phillips TJ. GABAB receptor stimulation accentuates the locomotor effects of morphine in mice bred for extreme sensitivity to the stimulant effects of ethanol. Pharmacol Biochem Behav 2006; 85:697-704. [PMID: 17161860 PMCID: PMC1805633 DOI: 10.1016/j.pbb.2006.10.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2006] [Revised: 10/26/2006] [Accepted: 10/27/2006] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Mice selectively bred for divergent sensitivity to the locomotor stimulant effects of ethanol (FAST and SLOW) also differ in their locomotor response to morphine. The GABA(B) receptor has been implicated in the mediation of locomotor stimulation to both ethanol and morphine, and a reduction in ethanol-induced stimulation has been found with the GABA(B) receptor agonist baclofen in FAST mice. We hypothesized that GABA(B) receptor activation would also attenuate the locomotor stimulant responses to morphine in these mice. In order to test this hypothesis, baclofen was administered to FAST-1 and FAST-2 mice 15 min prior to morphine, and activity was recorded for 30 min. Baclofen attenuated stimulation to 32 mg/kg morphine in FAST-1 mice, but only at a dose that also reduced saline activity. There was no stimulant response to 32 mg/kg morphine in FAST-2 mice, or to 16 mg/kg or 48 mg/kg morphine in FAST-1 mice, but the combination of baclofen with these morphine doses accentuated locomotor activity. Therefore, it appears that GABA(B) receptor activation is not a common mechanism for the locomotor stimulant responses to ethanol and morphine in FAST mice; however, these data suggest that GABA(B) receptor activation may instead enhance some of the behavioral effects of morphine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah E. Holstein
- Department of Behavioral Neuroscience and Portland Alcohol Research Center, Oregon Health & Science University, 3181 SW Sam Jackson Park Road, MC L-470, Portland, OR 97239, USA
| | - Tamara J. Phillips
- Department of Behavioral Neuroscience and Portland Alcohol Research Center, Oregon Health & Science University, 3181 SW Sam Jackson Park Road, MC L-470, Portland, OR 97239, USA
- Veterans Affairs Medical Center, 3710 SW US Veterans Hospital Rd, R&D 32, Portland, OR 97239, USA
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17
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Sliwowska JH, Billings HJ, Goodman RL, Lehman MN. Immunocytochemical colocalization of GABA-B receptor subunits in gonadotropin-releasing hormone neurons of the sheep. Neuroscience 2006; 141:311-9. [PMID: 16713120 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2006.03.039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2005] [Revised: 03/07/2006] [Accepted: 03/18/2006] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
GABA has been shown to play an important role in the control of gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) and luteinizing hormone secretion in many mammals. In sheep, seasonal differences in the ability of GABA-B receptor antagonists to alter pulsatile luteinizing hormone secretion have led to the hypothesis that this receptor subtype mediates the increased inhibitory effects of estradiol on GnRH and luteinizing hormone pulse frequency seen during the non-breeding season (anestrus). The aim of the present study was to use multiple-label immunocytochemistry to determine if ovine GnRH neurons contain the GABA-B receptor subunits R1 and/or R2, and to determine whether there are seasonal differences in the colocalization of these subunits in GnRH neurons. A majority of GnRH cells in the preoptic area, anterior hypothalamic area, and medial basal hypothalamus of both breeding season and anestrous ewes contained either GABA-B R1 or R2 subunits; a subset of GnRH neurons in breeding season (42%) and anestrous ewes (60%) contained both subunits. In contrast to colocalization within cell bodies, GnRH fibers in the median eminence did not colocalize GABA-B receptor subunits. Although the percentage of GnRH neurons expressing GABA-B receptor subunits tended to be higher in anestrus than in the breeding season, there were no significant seasonal differences in R1 and R2 subunit colocalization in GnRH cell bodies. Thus, while GABA may act directly on GnRH cell bodies via GABA-B receptors in the sheep, any role that GABA-B receptors may play in seasonal reproductive changes is likely mediated by other neurons afferent to GnRH cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- J H Sliwowska
- Department of Cell Biology, Neurobiology and Anatomy, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH 45267-0521, USA
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18
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Sahraei H, Amiri YA, Haeri-Rohani A, Sepehri H, Salimi SH, Pourmotabbed A, Ghoshooni H, Zahirodin A, Zardooz H. Different effects of GABAergic receptors located in the ventral tegmental area on the expression of morphine-induced conditioned place preference in rat. Eur J Pharmacol 2005; 524:95-101. [PMID: 16253224 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2005.09.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2005] [Revised: 09/05/2005] [Accepted: 09/08/2005] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
In the present study, an unbiased conditioned place preference paradigm was used to study the effects of intra-ventral tegmental area injections of Gama-amino-butyric acid (GABA)-A and B (GABA(A) and GABA(B)) receptor agonists and antagonists on the expression of morphine-induced conditioned place preference (CPP) in rats. Subcutaneous (s.c.) injections of morphine sulfate (5 mg/kg) induced CPP. Intra-ventral tegmental area administration of the GABA(A) receptor agonist, muscimol (6 microg/rat) reduced the expression of morphine-induced CPP. Muscimol (25 microg/rat) increased the expression of CPP induced by morphine. A reduction of the expression of morphine-induced CPP was observed on intra-ventral tegmental area injection of GABA(A) receptor antagonist bicuculline (25 microg/rat). Bicuculline (10 microg/rat) increased the expression of CPP induced by morphine. Baclofen (12 microg/rat) increased where as (19 and 25 microg/rat) reduced the expression of morphine-induced CPP. Injection of CGP38345 (10, 19, 25 and 50 microg/rat) into the ventral tegmental area significantly reduced the expression of CPP induced by morphine. It is concluded that GABA(A) and GABA(B) receptor subtypes within the ventral tegmental area may have different effects on the expression of morphine-induced CPP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hedayat Sahraei
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, School of Medicine and Behavioral Sciences Research Center, Baqiyatallah (a.s.) University of Medical Sciences, Araj st., Niavaran, Tehran, Iran.
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19
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Khaimova E, Kandov Y, Israel Y, Cataldo G, Hadjimarkou MM, Bodnar RJ. Opioid receptor subtype antagonists differentially alter GABA agonist-induced feeding elicited from either the nucleus accumbens shell or ventral tegmental area regions in rats. Brain Res 2005; 1026:284-94. [PMID: 15488491 DOI: 10.1016/j.brainres.2004.08.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/15/2004] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Food intake is significantly increased by administration of either GABAA (e.g., muscimol) or GABAB (e.g., baclofen) agonists into either the shell region of the nucleus accumbens (NAC) or the ventral tegmental area (VTA); these responses are selectively blocked by pretreatment with corresponding GABAA and GABAB antagonists. Previous studies found that a single dose (5 microg) of the general opioid antagonist, naltrexone reduced feeding elicited by muscimol, but not baclofen in the NAC shell, and reduced feeding elicited by baclofen, but not muscimol in the VTA. The present study compared feeding responses elicited by either muscimol or baclofen in either the VTA and NAC shell following pretreatment with equimolar doses of selective mu (0.4, 4 microg), delta (0.4, 4 microg), or kappa (0.6, 6 microg) opioid receptor subtype antagonists. Muscimol (25 ng) and baclofen (200 microg) each significantly and equi-effectively increased food intake over 4 h following VTA or NAC shell microinjections. Muscimol-induced feeding elicited from the VTA was significantly enhanced by mu or delta antagonists, and was significantly reduced by kappa antagonists. Baclofen-induced feeding elicited from the VTA was significantly reduced by mu or kappa, but not delta antagonists. Muscimol-induced feeding elicited from the NAC was significantly reduced by either mu, kappa or delta antagonists. Baclofen-induced feeding elicited from the NAC was significantly reduced by kappa or delta, but not mu antagonists. These data indicate differential opioid receptor subtype antagonist-induced mediation of GABA receptor subtype agonist-induced feeding elicited from the VTA and NAC shell. This is consistent with previously demonstrated differential GABA receptor subtype antagonist-induced mediation of opioid-induced feeding elicited from these same sites. Thus, functional relationships exist for the elaborate anatomical and physiological interactions between these two neurochemical systems in the VTA and NAC shell.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eleonora Khaimova
- Department of Psychology and Neuropsychology Doctoral Sub-Program, Queens College, City University of New York, 65-30 Kissena Boulevard, Flushing, NY 11367, USA
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20
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Paterson NE, Froestl W, Markou A. Repeated administration of the GABAB receptor agonist CGP44532 decreased nicotine self-administration, and acute administration decreased cue-induced reinstatement of nicotine-seeking in rats. Neuropsychopharmacology 2005; 30:119-28. [PMID: 15266350 DOI: 10.1038/sj.npp.1300524] [Citation(s) in RCA: 91] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Acute administration of gamma-aminobutyric acid B (GABAB) receptor agonists decreased nicotine, cocaine, ethanol, and heroin self-administration. GABAB receptor agonists also decreased cue-induced cocaine craving or seeking in humans and animals, respectively. The present study investigated the effects of repeated subcutaneous administration of the GABAB receptor agonist CGP44532 on nicotine- and food-maintained responding under a fixed ratio 5 schedule of reinforcement. The second part of the study determined whether contingent presentation of previously nicotine-associated cues reinstated extinguished nicotine-seeking behavior, and whether acute subcutaneous CGP44532 administration affected cue-induced reinstatement of extinguished nicotine-seeking behavior. The results indicated that repeated administration of 0.25 mg/kg CGP44532 selectively decreased nicotine self-administration compared to food-maintained responding during the first 7 days of treatment. Repeated administration of 0.5 mg/kg/day CGP44532 nonselectively decreased both nicotine- and food-maintained responding. Contingent presentation of previously nicotine-associated cues reinstated extinguished nicotine-seeking behavior. Further, acute CGP44532 administration (0.125 and 0.25 mg/kg) decreased cue-induced reinstatement of nicotine-seeking behavior. In summary, the present results indicated that 0.25 mg/kg/day CGP44532 selectively decreased nicotine self-administration compared to food-maintained responding, and acute administration of CGP44532 (0.125 and 0.25 mg/kg) dose-dependently decreased cue-induced reinstatement of nicotine-seeking behavior.
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Affiliation(s)
- Neil E Paterson
- Department of Neuropharmacology, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
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21
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Kaplan GB, Leite-Morris KA, Joshi M, Shoeb MH, Carey RJ. Baclofen inhibits opiate-induced conditioned place preference and associated induction of Fos in cortical and limbic regions. Brain Res 2003; 987:122-5. [PMID: 14499954 DOI: 10.1016/s0006-8993(03)03218-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
In C57BL/6 mice, pretreatment with GABA(B) receptor agonist baclofen blocked the rewarding effects of morphine as measured by acquisition of conditioned place preference. Fos immunoreactivity, a neuronal activity marker, was induced in opiate conditioned mice in several forebrain regions including the nucleus accumbens core and shell, anterior cingulate cortex, and prelimbic cortex. Baclofen pretreatment blocked the induction of Fos in opiate conditioned subjects. These result suggest that GABA(B) receptor transmission has a role in reversing morphine-induced activation of motivational circuitry and conditioned reward.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gary B Kaplan
- Mental Health Service, Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Providence, RI 02908, USA.
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22
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Leite-Morris KA, Fukudome EY, Shoeb MH, Kaplan GB. GABAB Receptor Activation in the Ventral Tegmental Area Inhibits the Acquisition and Expression of Opiate-Induced Motor Sensitization. J Pharmacol Exp Ther 2003; 308:667-78. [PMID: 14610238 DOI: 10.1124/jpet.103.058412] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Opiate-induced motor sensitization refers to the progressive and enduring motor response that develops after intermittent drug administration, and results from neuroadaptive changes in ventral tegmental area (VTA) and nucleus accumbens (NAc) neurons. Repeated activation of mu-opioid receptors localized on gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) neurons in the VTA enhances dopaminergic cell activity and stimulates dopamine release in the nucleus accumbens. We hypothesize that GABA(B) receptor agonist treatment in the VTA blocks morphine-induced motor stimulation, motor sensitization, and accumbal Fos immunoreactivity by inhibiting the activation of dopaminergic neurons. First, C57BL/6 mice were coadministered a single subcutaneous injection of morphine with intra-VTA baclofen, a GABA(B) receptor agonist. Baclofen produced a dose-dependent inhibition of opiate-induced motor stimulation that was attenuated by 2-hydroxysaclofen, a GABA(B) receptor antagonist. Next, morphine was administered on days 1, 3, 5, and 9 and mice demonstrated sensitization to its motor stimulant effects and concomitant induction of Fos immunoreactivity in the NAc shell (NAcS) but not NAc core. Intra-VTA baclofen administered during morphine pretreatment blocked the acquisition of morphine-induced motor sensitization and Fos activation in the NAcS. Intra-VTA baclofen administered only on day 9 blocked the expression of morphine-induced motor sensitization and Fos activation in the NAcS. A linear relationship was found between morphine-induced motor activity and accumbal Fos in single- and repeated-dose treatment groups. In conclusion, GABA(B) receptor stimulation in the VTA blocked opiate-induced motor stimulation and motor sensitization by inhibiting the activation of NAcS neurons. GABA(B) receptor agonists may be useful pharmacological treatments in altering the behavioral effects of opiates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kimberly A Leite-Morris
- Center for Alcohol and Addiction Studies, Brown Medical School, Providence, Rhode Island, USA.
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Abstract
This paper is the twenty-fifth consecutive installment of the annual review of research concerning the endogenous opioid system, now spanning over a quarter-century of research. It summarizes papers published during 2002 that studied the behavioral effects of molecular, pharmacological and genetic manipulation of opioid peptides, opioid receptors, opioid agonists and opioid antagonists. The particular topics that continue to be covered include the molecular-biochemical effects and neurochemical localization studies of endogenous opioids and their receptors related to behavior (Section 2), and the roles of these opioid peptides and receptors in pain and analgesia (Section 3); stress and social status (Section 4); tolerance and dependence (Section 5); learning and memory (Section 6); eating and drinking (Section 7); alcohol and drugs of abuse (Section 8); sexual activity and hormones, pregnancy, development and endocrinology (Section 9); mental illness and mood (Section 10); seizures and neurologic disorders (Section 11); electrical-related activity and neurophysiology (Section 12); general activity and locomotion (Section 13); gastrointestinal, renal and hepatic functions (Section 14); cardiovascular responses (Section 15); respiration and thermoregulation (Section 16); and immunological responses (Section 17).
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Affiliation(s)
- Richard J Bodnar
- Department of Psychology and Neuropsychology Doctoral Sub-Program, Queens College, City University of New York, CUNY, 65-30 Kissena Blvd., Flushing, NY 11367, USA.
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Bujdosó E, Jászberényi M, Farkas J, Tóth G, Wollemann M, Telegdy G. Behavioral and neuroendocrine actions of the Met-enkephalin-related peptide MERF. Horm Behav 2003; 43:302-11. [PMID: 12694640 DOI: 10.1016/s0018-506x(03)00004-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
The effects and the mediation of the action of the proenkephalin derivative Met(5)-enkephalin-Arg(6)-Phe(7) (MERF) on the hypothalamo-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) system and open-field behavior were investigated in mice. Intracerebroventricular injection of the heptapeptide increased square crossing, rearing, and plasma corticosterone level. To characterize the receptors involved in these neuroendocrine processes, animals were pretreated either with the nonselective opioid antagonist naloxone or the kappa-antagonist nor-binaltorphimine (nor-BNI). Both antagonists dose-dependently attenuated the HPA activation elicited by MERF. Naloxone also blocked the behavioral responses, but nor-binaltorphimine did not elicit a significant inhibition. The dopamine antagonist haloperidol and a corticotropin-releasing hormone (CRH) antagonist were also preadministered to shed light on the transmission of the actions of MERF. Both the motor responses and the HPA activation were diminished by the preadministration of the CRH antagonist, while haloperidol attenuated only square crossing and rearing. To investigate the direct effect of MERF on the dopaminergic system, dopamine release of striatal slices was measured in a superfusion system. Neither the basal nor the electric impulse-evoked dopamine release was modified by MERF. The results suggest that opioid-mediation predominate in the neuroendocrine actions of MERF, and the effect of the heptapeptide on the HPA system seems to be mediated by kappa-receptors. In the behavioral responses evoked by MERF, both CRH release and the action of the dopaminergic neurons of the subcortical motor system might be involved. MERF also appears to activate the paraventricular CRH neurons, but dopaminergic transmission does not seem to play a significant role in its hypothalamic action.
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Affiliation(s)
- E Bujdosó
- Department of Pathophysiology, University of Szeged, Neurohumoral Research Group, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Szeged, Hungary
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