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Wilczak M, Surman M, Przybyło M. Altered Glycosylation in Progression and Management of Bladder Cancer. Molecules 2023; 28:molecules28083436. [PMID: 37110670 PMCID: PMC10146225 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28083436] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2023] [Revised: 04/05/2023] [Accepted: 04/11/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Bladder cancer (BC) is the 10th most common malignancy worldwide, with an estimated 573,000 new cases and 213,000 deaths in 2020. Available therapeutic approaches are still unable to reduce the incidence of BC metastasis and the high mortality rates of BC patients. Therefore, there is a need to deepen our understanding of the molecular mechanisms underlying BC progression to develop new diagnostic and therapeutic tools. One such mechanism is protein glycosylation. Numerous studies reported changes in glycan biosynthesis during neoplastic transformation, resulting in the appearance of the so-called tumor-associated carbohydrate antigens (TACAs) on the cell surface. TACAs affect a wide range of key biological processes, including tumor cell survival and proliferation, invasion and metastasis, induction of chronic inflammation, angiogenesis, immune evasion, and insensitivity to apoptosis. The purpose of this review is to summarize the current information on how altered glycosylation of bladder cancer cells promotes disease progression and to present the potential use of glycans for diagnostic and therapeutic purposes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Magdalena Wilczak
- Department of Glycoconjugate Biochemistry, Faculty of Biology, Institute of Zoology and Biomedical Research, Jagiellonian University, Gronostajowa 9 Street, 30-387 Krakow, Poland
- Doctoral School of Exact and Natural Sciences, Jagiellonian University, Prof. S. Łojasiewicza 11 Street, 30-348 Krakow, Poland
| | - Magdalena Surman
- Department of Glycoconjugate Biochemistry, Faculty of Biology, Institute of Zoology and Biomedical Research, Jagiellonian University, Gronostajowa 9 Street, 30-387 Krakow, Poland
| | - Małgorzata Przybyło
- Department of Glycoconjugate Biochemistry, Faculty of Biology, Institute of Zoology and Biomedical Research, Jagiellonian University, Gronostajowa 9 Street, 30-387 Krakow, Poland
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2
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Hamaoka T, Fu X, Tomonaga S, Hashimoto O, Murakami M, Funaba M. Stimulation of uncoupling protein 1 expression by β-alanine in brown adipocytes. Arch Biochem Biophys 2022; 727:109341. [PMID: 35777522 DOI: 10.1016/j.abb.2022.109341] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2022] [Revised: 06/20/2022] [Accepted: 06/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Carnosine, which is abundant in meat, is a dipeptide composed of β-alanine and histidine, known to afford various health benefits. It has been suggested that carnosine can elicit an anti-obesity effect via induction and activation of brown/beige adipocytes responsible for non-shivering thermogenesis. However, the relationship between carnosine and brown/beige adipocytes has not been comprehensively elucidated. We hypothesized that β-alanine directly modulates brown/beige adipogenesis and performed an in vitro assessment to test this hypothesis. HB2 brown preadipocytes were differentiated using insulin from day 0. Cells were treated with various concentrations of β-alanine (12.5-100 μM) during adipogenesis (days 0-8) and differentiation (days 8-10). Then, cells were further stimulated with or without forskolin, an activator of the cAMP-dependent protein kinase pathway, on day 8 or day 10 for 4 h before harvesting. We observed that HB2 cells expressed molecules related to the transport and signal transduction of β-alanine. Treatment with β-alanine during brown adipogenesis dose-dependently enhanced forskolin-induced Ucp1 expression; this was not observed in differentiated brown adipocytes. Consistent with these findings, treatment with β-alanine during days 0-8 increased phosphorylation levels of CREB in forskolin-treated HB2 cells. In addition, β-alanine treatment during brown adipogenesis increased the expression of Pparα, known to induce brown/beige adipogenesis, in a dose-dependent manner. These findings revealed that β-alanine could target HB2 adipogenic cells and enhance forskolin-induced Ucp1 expression during brown adipogenesis, possibly by accelerating phosphorylation and activation of CREB. Thus, β-alanine, a carnosine-constituting amino acid, might directly act on brown adipogenic cells to stimulate energy expenditure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tsukasa Hamaoka
- Division of Applied Biosciences, Graduate School of Agriculture, Kyoto University, Kyoto, 606-8502, Japan
| | - Xiajie Fu
- Division of Applied Biosciences, Graduate School of Agriculture, Kyoto University, Kyoto, 606-8502, Japan
| | - Shozo Tomonaga
- Division of Applied Biosciences, Graduate School of Agriculture, Kyoto University, Kyoto, 606-8502, Japan
| | - Osamu Hashimoto
- Faculty of Bioscience, Nagahama Institute of Bio-Science and Technology, Nagahama, 526-0829, Japan
| | - Masaru Murakami
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Azabu University School of Veterinary Medicine, Sagamihara, 252-5201, Japan
| | - Masayuki Funaba
- Division of Applied Biosciences, Graduate School of Agriculture, Kyoto University, Kyoto, 606-8502, Japan.
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3
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You X, Wang Y, Meng J, Han S, Liu L, Sun Y, Zhang J, Sun S, Li X, Sun W, Dong Y, Zhang Y. Exosomal miR‑663b exposed to TGF‑β1 promotes cervical cancer metastasis and epithelial‑mesenchymal transition by targeting MGAT3. Oncol Rep 2021; 45:12. [PMID: 33649791 PMCID: PMC7877003 DOI: 10.3892/or.2021.7963] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2020] [Accepted: 01/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Transforming growth factor (TGF)‑β1 is a key cytokine affecting the pathogenesis and progression of cervical cancer. Tumor‑derived exosomes contain microRNAs (miRNAs/miRs) that interact with cancer and stromal cells, thereby contributing to tissue remodeling in the tumor microenvironment (TME). The present study was designed to clarify how TGF‑β1 affects tumor biological functions through exosomes released by cervical cancer cells. Deep RNA sequencing found that TGF‑β1 stimulated cervical cancer cells to secrete more miR‑663b‑containing exosomes, which could be transferred into new target cells to promote metastasis. Further studies have shown that miR‑663b directly targets the 3'-untranslated regions (3'‑UTR) of mannoside acetylglucosaminyltransferase 3 (MGAT3) and is involved in the epithelial‑mesenchymal transition (EMT) process. Remarkably, the overexpression of MGAT3 suppressed cervical cancer cell metastasis promoted by exosomal miR‑663b, causing increased expression of epithelial differentiation marker E‑cadherin and decreased expression of mesenchymal markers N‑cadherin and β‑catenin. Throughout our study, online bioinformation tools and dual luciferase reporter assay were applied to identify MGAT3 as a novel direct target of miR‑663b. Exosome PKH67‑labeling experiment verified that exosomal miR‑663b could be endocytosed by cervical cancer cells and subsequently influence its migration and invasion functions which were measured by wound healing and Transwell assays. The expression of miR‑663b and MGAT3 and the regulation of the EMT pathway caused by MGAT3 were detected by quantitative real‑time transcription‑polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) and western blot analysis. These results, thus, provide evidence that cancer cell‑derived exosomal miR‑663b is endocytosed by cervical cancer cells adjacent or distant after TGF‑β1 exposure and inhibits the expression of MGAT3, thereby accelerating the EMT process and ultimately promoting local and distant metastasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuewu You
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250012, P.R. China
| | - Ying Wang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Yidu Central Hospital of Weifang, Weifang, Shandong 262500, P.R. China
| | - Jinyu Meng
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250012, P.R. China
| | - Sai Han
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250012, P.R. China
| | - Lu Liu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250012, P.R. China
| | - Yu Sun
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250012, P.R. China
| | - Junhua Zhang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250012, P.R. China
| | - Shuqin Sun
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250012, P.R. China
| | - Xinyue Li
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250012, P.R. China
| | - Wenxiong Sun
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250012, P.R. China
| | - Yajie Dong
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250012, P.R. China
| | - Youzhong Zhang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250012, P.R. China
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Bukke VN, Villani R, Archana M, Wawrzyniak A, Balawender K, Orkisz S, Ferraro L, Serviddio G, Cassano T. The Glucose Metabolic Pathway as A Potential Target for Therapeutics: Crucial Role of Glycosylation in Alzheimer's Disease. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21207739. [PMID: 33086751 PMCID: PMC7589651 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21207739] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2020] [Revised: 10/12/2020] [Accepted: 10/15/2020] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Glucose uptake in the brain decreases because of normal aging but this decline is accelerated in Alzheimer’s disease (AD) patients. In fact, positron emission tomography (PET) studies have shown that metabolic reductions in AD patients occur decades before the onset of symptoms, suggesting that metabolic deficits may be an upstream event in at least some late-onset cases. A decrease in availability of glucose content induces a considerable impairment/downregulation of glycosylation, which is an important post-translational modification. Glycosylation is an important and highly regulated mechanism of secondary protein processing within cells and it plays a crucial role in modulating stability of proteins, as carbohydrates are important in achieving the proper three-dimensional conformation of glycoproteins. Moreover, glycosylation acts as a metabolic sensor that links glucose metabolism to normal neuronal functioning. All the proteins involved in β-amyloid (Aβ) precursor protein metabolism have been identified as candidates of glycosylation highlighting the possibility that Aβ metabolism could be regulated by their glycosylation. Within this framework, the present review aims to summarize the current understanding on the role of glycosylation in the etiopathology of AD, emphasizing the idea that glucose metabolic pathway may represent an alternative therapeutic option for targeting AD. From this perspective, the pharmacological modulation of glycosylation levels may represent a ‘sweet approach’ to treat AD targeting new mechanisms independent of the amyloid cascade and with comparable impacts in familial and sporadic AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vidyasagar Naik Bukke
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Foggia, 71122 Foggia, Italy;
| | - Rosanna Villani
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Foggia, 71122 Foggia, Italy; (R.V.); (M.A.); (G.S.)
| | - Moola Archana
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Foggia, 71122 Foggia, Italy; (R.V.); (M.A.); (G.S.)
| | - Agata Wawrzyniak
- Morphological Science Department of Human Anatomy, Medical Faculty University of Rzeszów, 35-036 Rzeszów, Poland; (A.W.); (K.B.); (S.O.)
| | - Krzysztof Balawender
- Morphological Science Department of Human Anatomy, Medical Faculty University of Rzeszów, 35-036 Rzeszów, Poland; (A.W.); (K.B.); (S.O.)
| | - Stanislaw Orkisz
- Morphological Science Department of Human Anatomy, Medical Faculty University of Rzeszów, 35-036 Rzeszów, Poland; (A.W.); (K.B.); (S.O.)
| | - Luca Ferraro
- Department of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, University of Ferrara, 44100 Ferrara, Italy;
| | - Gaetano Serviddio
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Foggia, 71122 Foggia, Italy; (R.V.); (M.A.); (G.S.)
| | - Tommaso Cassano
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Foggia, 71122 Foggia, Italy;
- Correspondence:
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Gupta R, Leon F, Thompson CM, Nimmakayala R, Karmakar S, Nallasamy P, Chugh S, Prajapati DR, Rachagani S, Kumar S, Ponnusamy MP. Global analysis of human glycosyltransferases reveals novel targets for pancreatic cancer pathogenesis. Br J Cancer 2020; 122:1661-1672. [PMID: 32203219 PMCID: PMC7251111 DOI: 10.1038/s41416-020-0772-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2019] [Accepted: 02/12/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Several reports have shown the role of glycosylation in pancreatic cancer (PC), but a global systematic screening of specific glycosyltransferases (glycoTs) in its progression remains unknown. METHODS We demonstrate a rigorous top-down approach using TCGA-based RNA-Seq analysis, multi-step validation using RT-qPCR, immunoblots and immunohistochemistry. We identified six unique glycoTs (B3GNT3, B4GALNT3, FUT3, FUT6, GCNT3 and MGAT3) in PC pathogenesis and studied their function using CRISPR/Cas9-based KD systems. RESULTS Serial metastatic in vitro models using T3M4 and HPAF/CD18, generated in house, exhibited decreases in B3GNT3, FUT3 and GCNT3 expression on increasing metastatic potential. Immunohistochemistry identified clinical significance for GCNT3, B4GALNT3 and MGAT3 in PC. Furthermore, the effects of B3GNT3, FUT3, GCNT3 and MGAT3 were shown on proliferation, migration, EMT and stem cell markers in CD18 cell line. Talniflumate, GCNT3 inhibitor, reduced colony formation and migration in T3M4 and CD18 cells. Moreover, we found that loss of GCNT3 suppresses PC progression and metastasis by downregulating cell cycle genes and β-catenin/MUC4 axis. For GCNT3, proteomics revealed downregulation of MUC5AC, MUC1, MUC5B including many other proteins. CONCLUSIONS Collectively, we demonstrate a critical role of O- and N-linked glycoTs in PC progression and delineate the mechanism encompassing the role of GCNT3 in PC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rohitesh Gupta
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, USA
| | - Frank Leon
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, USA
| | - Christopher M Thompson
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, USA
| | - Ramakrishna Nimmakayala
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, USA
| | - Saswati Karmakar
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, USA
| | - Palanisamy Nallasamy
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, USA
| | - Seema Chugh
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, USA
| | - Dipakkumar R Prajapati
- Department of Pathology and Microbiology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, USA
| | - Satyanarayana Rachagani
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, USA
| | - Sushil Kumar
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, USA
| | - Moorthy P Ponnusamy
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, USA.
- Eppley Institute for Research in Cancer and Allied Diseases, Fred & Pamela Buffett Cancer Center, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, USA.
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Venkatakrishnan V, Thaysen-Andersen M, Chen SCA, Nevalainen H, Packer NH. Cystic fibrosis and bacterial colonization define the sputum N-glycosylation phenotype. Glycobiology 2014; 25:88-100. [DOI: 10.1093/glycob/cwu092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
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Lim JM, Wollaston-Hayden EE, Teo CF, Hausman D, Wells L. Quantitative secretome and glycome of primary human adipocytes during insulin resistance. Clin Proteomics 2014; 11:20. [PMID: 24948903 PMCID: PMC4055909 DOI: 10.1186/1559-0275-11-20] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2013] [Accepted: 02/04/2014] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Adipose tissue is both an energy storage depot and an endocrine organ. The impaired regulation of the secreted proteins of adipose tissue, known as adipocytokines, observed during obesity contributes to the onset of whole-body insulin resistance and the pathobiology of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). In addition, the global elevation of the intracellular glycosylation of proteins by O-linked β-N-acetylglucosamine (O-GlcNAc) via either genetic or pharmacological methods is sufficient to induce insulin resistance in both cultured cells and animal models. The elevation of global O-GlcNAc levels is associated with the altered expression of many adipocytokines. We have previously characterized the rodent adipocyte secretome during insulin sensitive and insulin resistant conditions. Here, we characterize and quantify the secretome and glycome of primary human adipocytes during insulin responsive and insulin resistant conditions generated by the classical method of hyperglycemia and hyperinsulinemia or by the pharmacological manipulation of O-GlcNAc levels. Using a proteomic approach, we identify 190 secreted proteins and report a total of 20 up-regulated and 6 down-regulated proteins that are detected in both insulin resistant conditions. Moreover, we apply glycomic techniques to examine (1) the sites of N-glycosylation on secreted proteins, (2) the structures of complex N- and O-glycans, and (3) the relative abundance of complex N- and O-glycans structures in insulin responsive and insulin resistant conditions. We identify 91 N-glycosylation sites derived from 51 secreted proteins, as well as 155 and 29 released N- and O-glycans respectively. We go on to quantify many of the N- and O-glycan structures between insulin responsive and insulin resistance conditions demonstrating no significant changes in complex glycosylation in the time frame for the induction of insulin resistance. Thus, our data support that the O-GlcNAc modification is involved in the regulation of adipocytokine secretion upon the induction of insulin resistance in human adipocytes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jae-Min Lim
- Complex Carbohydrate Research Center, The University of Georgia, 315 Riverbend Road, 30602-4712 Athens, Georgia ; Department of Chemistry, The University of Georgia, 30602 Athens, Georgia ; Department of Chemistry, Changwon National University, Changwon, Gyeongnam 641-773, South Korea
| | - Edith E Wollaston-Hayden
- Complex Carbohydrate Research Center, The University of Georgia, 315 Riverbend Road, 30602-4712 Athens, Georgia ; Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, The University of Georgia, 30602 Athens, Georgia
| | - Chin Fen Teo
- Complex Carbohydrate Research Center, The University of Georgia, 315 Riverbend Road, 30602-4712 Athens, Georgia ; Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, The University of Georgia, 30602 Athens, Georgia
| | - Dorothy Hausman
- Department of Foods and Nutrition, The University of Georgia, 30602 Athens, Georgia
| | - Lance Wells
- Complex Carbohydrate Research Center, The University of Georgia, 315 Riverbend Road, 30602-4712 Athens, Georgia ; Department of Chemistry, The University of Georgia, 30602 Athens, Georgia ; Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, The University of Georgia, 30602 Athens, Georgia
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Tan Z, Lu W, Li X, Yang G, Guo J, Yu H, Li Z, Guan F. Altered N-Glycan Expression Profile in Epithelial-to-Mesenchymal Transition of NMuMG Cells Revealed by an Integrated Strategy Using Mass Spectrometry and Glycogene and Lectin Microarray Analysis. J Proteome Res 2014; 13:2783-95. [DOI: 10.1021/pr401185z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Hanjie Yu
- Laboratory
for Functional Glycomics, College of Life Sciences, Northwest University, 229 Taibai Beilu, Xi’an 710069, China
| | - Zheng Li
- Laboratory
for Functional Glycomics, College of Life Sciences, Northwest University, 229 Taibai Beilu, Xi’an 710069, China
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Kobayashi Y, Masuda K, Banno K, Kobayashi N, Umene K, Nogami Y, Tsuji K, Ueki A, Nomura H, Sato K, Tominaga E, Shimizu T, Saya H, Aoki D. Glycan profiling of gestational choriocarcinoma using a lectin microarray. Oncol Rep 2014; 31:1121-6. [PMID: 24424471 DOI: 10.3892/or.2014.2979] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2013] [Accepted: 09/09/2013] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Glycosylation is an important post-translational modification, in which attachment of glycans to proteins has effects on biological functions and carcinogenesis. Analysis of human chorionic gonadotropin, a glycoprotein hormone produced by placental trophoblasts and trophoblastic tumors, has contributed to the diagnosis and treatment of trophoblastic disease, resulting in reduced incidence and mortality. However, alterations of the glycan structure itself in choriocarcinoma have not been characterized. We established a new choriocarcinoma cell line, induced choriocarcinoma cell-1 (iC3-1), which mimics the clinical pathohistology in vivo, to examine the tumorigenesis and pathogenesis of choriocarcinoma. In this study, the alterations of glycan structures in the development of choriocarcinoma were examined by performance of comprehensive glycan profiling in clinical samples and in iC3-1 cells using a conventional microarray and the recently introduced lectin microarray. Microarray comparison showed significant upregulation of several characteristic glycogenes in the iC3-1 cells as compared to the parental HTR8/SVneo cells. The lectin array showed increased α-2-6-sialic acid, Galβ1-4GlcNAc, GlcNAcβ1-3GalNAc, and decreased α-1-6 core fucose, high mannose, GalNacβ1-4Gal, GALNAc (Tn antigen) and Galβ1-3Gal in choriocarcinoma tissue compared to normal villi. This is the first report of a lectin array analysis in choriocarcinoma and provides useful information for understanding of the disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yusuke Kobayashi
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, School of Medicine, Keio University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kenta Masuda
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, School of Medicine, Keio University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kouji Banno
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, School of Medicine, Keio University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Nana Kobayashi
- Division of Gene Regulation, Institute for Advanced Medical Research, School of Medicine, Keio University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kiyoko Umene
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, School of Medicine, Keio University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yuya Nogami
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, School of Medicine, Keio University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kosuke Tsuji
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, School of Medicine, Keio University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Arisa Ueki
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, School of Medicine, Keio University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Nomura
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, School of Medicine, Keio University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kenji Sato
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, School of Medicine, Keio University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Eiichiro Tominaga
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, School of Medicine, Keio University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Takatsune Shimizu
- Division of Gene Regulation, Institute for Advanced Medical Research, School of Medicine, Keio University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hideyuki Saya
- Division of Gene Regulation, Institute for Advanced Medical Research, School of Medicine, Keio University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Daisuke Aoki
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, School of Medicine, Keio University, Tokyo, Japan
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Nagae M, Yamanaka K, Hanashima S, Ikeda A, Morita-Matsumoto K, Satoh T, Matsumoto N, Yamamoto K, Yamaguchi Y. Recognition of bisecting N-acetylglucosamine: structural basis for asymmetric interaction with the mouse lectin dendritic cell inhibitory receptor 2. J Biol Chem 2013; 288:33598-33610. [PMID: 24108122 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m113.513572] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Dendritic cell inhibitory receptor 2 (DCIR2) is a C-type lectin expressed on classical dendritic cells. We recently identified the unique ligand specificity of mouse DCIR2 (mDCIR2) toward biantennary complex-type glycans containing bisecting N-acetylglucosamine (GlcNAc). Here, we report the crystal structures of the mDCIR2 carbohydrate recognition domain in unliganded form as well as in complex with an agalactosylated complex-type N-glycan unit carrying a bisecting GlcNAc residue. Bisecting GlcNAc and the α1-3 branch of the biantennary oligosaccharide asymmetrically interact with canonical and non-canonical mDCIR2 residues. Ligand-protein interactions occur directly through mDCIR2-characteristic amino acid residues as well as via a calcium ion and water molecule. Our structural and biochemical data elucidate for the first time the unique binding mode of mDCIR2 for bisecting GlcNAc-containing glycans, a mode that contrasts sharply with that of other immune C-type lectin receptors such as DC-SIGN.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masamichi Nagae
- Structural Glycobiology Team, Systems Glycobiology Research Group, RIKEN-Max Planck Joint Research Center, RIKEN Global Research Cluster, 2-1 Hirosawa, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
| | - Kousuke Yamanaka
- Department of Integrated Biosciences, Graduate School of Frontier Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Chiba 277-8562, Japan
| | - Shinya Hanashima
- Structural Glycobiology Team, Systems Glycobiology Research Group, RIKEN-Max Planck Joint Research Center, RIKEN Global Research Cluster, 2-1 Hirosawa, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
| | - Akemi Ikeda
- Structural Glycobiology Team, Systems Glycobiology Research Group, RIKEN-Max Planck Joint Research Center, RIKEN Global Research Cluster, 2-1 Hirosawa, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
| | - Kana Morita-Matsumoto
- Structural Glycobiology Team, Systems Glycobiology Research Group, RIKEN-Max Planck Joint Research Center, RIKEN Global Research Cluster, 2-1 Hirosawa, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
| | - Tadashi Satoh
- Structural Glycobiology Team, Systems Glycobiology Research Group, RIKEN-Max Planck Joint Research Center, RIKEN Global Research Cluster, 2-1 Hirosawa, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
| | - Naoki Matsumoto
- Department of Integrated Biosciences, Graduate School of Frontier Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Chiba 277-8562, Japan
| | - Kazuo Yamamoto
- Department of Integrated Biosciences, Graduate School of Frontier Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Chiba 277-8562, Japan
| | - Yoshiki Yamaguchi
- Structural Glycobiology Team, Systems Glycobiology Research Group, RIKEN-Max Planck Joint Research Center, RIKEN Global Research Cluster, 2-1 Hirosawa, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan.
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Pinho SS, Figueiredo J, Cabral J, Carvalho S, Dourado J, Magalhães A, Gärtner F, Mendonfa AM, Isaji T, Gu J, Carneiro F, Seruca R, Taniguchi N, Reis CA. E-cadherin and adherens-junctions stability in gastric carcinoma: functional implications of glycosyltransferases involving N-glycan branching biosynthesis, N-acetylglucosaminyltransferases III and V. Biochim Biophys Acta Gen Subj 2013; 1830:2690-700. [PMID: 23671930 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbagen.2012.10.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 79] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND E-cadherin is a cell-cell adhesion molecule and the dysfunction of which is a common feature of more than 70% of all invasive carcinomas, including gastric cancer. Mechanisms behind the loss of E-cadherin function in gastric carcinomas include mutations and silencing at either the DNA or RNA level. Nevertheless, in a high percentage of gastric carcinoma cases displaying E-cadherin dysfunction, the mechanism responsible for E-cadherin dysregulation is unknown. We have previously demonstrated the existence of a bi-directional cross-talk between E-cadherin and two major N-glycan processing enzymes, N-acetylglucosaminyltransferase-III or -V (GnT-III or GnT-V). METHODS In the present study, we have characterized the functional implications of the N-glycans catalyzed by GnT-III and GnT-V on the regulation of E-cadherin biological functions and in the molecular assembly and stability of adherens-junctions in a gastric cancer model. The results were validated in human gastric carcinoma samples. RESULTS We demonstrated that GnT-III induced a stabilizing effect on E-cadherin at the cell membrane by inducing a delay in the turnover rate of the protein, contributing for the formation of stable and functional adherens-junctions, and further preventing clathrin-dependent E-cadherin endocytosis. Conversely, GnT-V promotes the destabilization of E-cadherin, leading to its mislocalization and unstable adherens-junctions with impairment of cell-cell adhesion. CONCLUSIONS This supports the role of GnT-III on E-cadherin-mediated tumor suppression, and GnT-V on E-cadherin-mediated tumor invasion. GENERAL SIGNIFICANCE These results contribute to fill the gap of knowledge of those human carcinoma cases harboring E-cadherin dysfunction, opening new insights into the molecular mechanisms underlying E-cadherin regulation in gastric cancer with potential translational clinical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Salomé S Pinho
- Institute of Molecular Pathology and Immunology of the University of Porto (IPATIMUP), Rua Dr Roberto Frias s/n, 4200-465 Porto, Portugal
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12
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Cui Q, Hou Y, Hou J, Pan P, Li LY, Bai G, Luo G. Preparation of functionalized alkynyl magnetic microspheres for the selective enrichment of cell glycoproteins based on click chemistry. Biomacromolecules 2012; 14:124-31. [PMID: 23214973 DOI: 10.1021/bm301477z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
Functionalized alkynyl polyvinyl alcohol magnetic microspheres (PVA MMs) were developed for the specific enrichment of sialic acid-rich glycoproteins by click chemistry. The capture capability for proteins was evaluated through a novel dual-labeled bovine serum albumin (BSA) that utilizes fluorescence resonance energy transfer (FRET). The PVA MM parameters, including the size and coverage of functionalized groups, were optimized by response surface methodology. The optimal parameters obtained were 1.25-6.31 μm in size and 48.53-73.05% in coverage. Then, the optimal PVA MMs were synthesized, and the morphology and surface chemical properties were characterized by transmission electron microscopy (TEM), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR). To capture glycoproteins from the cell surface, a bioorthogonal chemical method was applied to metabolically label them with an azide group. The functionalized alkynyl PVA MMs showed a high specificity and strong binding capability for glycoproteins through a [3 + 2] cycloaddition reaction. The results indicated that the functionalized alkynyl PVA MMs could be applied to the enrichment of cell glycoproteins, and the merits of the MMs suggested an attractive and potential way to facilitate glycoprotein research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qingxin Cui
- College of Pharmacy, State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, People's Republic of China
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13
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Cancer-associated carbohydrate antigens as potential biomarkers for hepatocellular carcinoma. PLoS One 2012; 7:e39466. [PMID: 22808038 PMCID: PMC3396621 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0039466] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2012] [Accepted: 05/21/2012] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is one of the most common human malignancies. Therefore, developing the early, high-sensitivity diagnostic biomarkers to prevent HCC is urgently needed. Serum a-fetoprotein (AFP), the clinical biomarker in current use, is elevated in only ∼60% of patients with HCC; therefore, identification of additional biomarkers is expected to have a significant impact on public health. In this study, we used glycan microarray analysis to explore the potential diagnostic value of several cancer-associated carbohydrate antigens (CACAs) as biomarkers for HCC. We used glycan microarray analysis with 58 different glycan analogs for quantitative comparison of 593 human serum samples (293 HCC samples; 133 chronic hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection samples, 134 chronic hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection samples, and 33 healthy donor samples) to explore the diagnostic possibility of serum antibody changes as biomarkers for HCC. Serum concentrations of anti-disialosyl galactosyl globoside (DSGG), anti-fucosyl GM1 and anti-Gb2 were significantly higher in patients with HCC than in chronic HBV infection individuals not in chronic HCV infection patients. Overall, in our study population, the biomarker candidates DSGG, fucosyl GM1 and Gb2 of CACAs achieved better predictive sensitivity than AFP. We identified potential biomarkers suitable for early detection of HCC. Glycan microarray analysis provides a powerful tool for high-sensitivity and high-throughput detection of serum antibodies against CACAs, which may be valuable serum biomarkers for the early detection of persons at high risk for HCC.
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Gu J, Isaji T, Xu Q, Kariya Y, Gu W, Fukuda T, Du Y. Potential roles of N-glycosylation in cell adhesion. Glycoconj J 2012; 29:599-607. [DOI: 10.1007/s10719-012-9386-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 106] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2012] [Revised: 04/13/2012] [Accepted: 04/24/2012] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
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15
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Miwa HE, Song Y, Alvarez R, Cummings RD, Stanley P. The bisecting GlcNAc in cell growth control and tumor progression. Glycoconj J 2012; 29:609-18. [PMID: 22476631 DOI: 10.1007/s10719-012-9373-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2012] [Accepted: 03/11/2012] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
The bisecting GlcNAc is transferred to the core mannose residue of complex or hybrid N-glycans on glycoproteins by the β1,4-N-acetylglucosaminyltransferase III (GlcNAcT-III) or MGAT3. The addition of the bisecting GlcNAc confers unique lectin recognition properties to N-glycans. Thus, LEC10 gain-of-function Chinese hamster ovary (CHO) cells selected for the acquisition of ricin resistance, carry N-glycans with a bisecting GlcNAc, which enhances the binding of the erythroagglutinin E-PHA, but reduces the binding of ricin and galectins-1, -3 and -8. The altered interaction with galactose-binding lectins suggests that the bisecting GlcNAc affects N-glycan conformation. LEC10 mutants expressing polyoma middle T antigen (PyMT) exhibit reduced growth factor signaling. Furthermore, PyMT-induced mammary tumors lacking MGAT3, progress more rapidly than tumors with the bisecting GlcNAc on N-glycans of cell surface glycoproteins. In recent years, evidence for a new paradigm of cell growth control has emerged involving regulation of cell surface residency of growth factor and cytokine receptors via interactions and cross-linking of their branched N-glycans with a lattice of galectin(s). Specific cross-linking of glycoprotein receptors in the lattice regulates their endocytosis, leading to effects on growth factor-induced signaling. This review will describe evidence that the bisecting GlcNAc of N-glycans regulates cellular signaling and tumor progression, apparently through modulating N-glycan/galectin interactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hazuki E Miwa
- Department of Cell Biology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, New York, NY 10461, USA
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16
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Loss and recovery of Mgat3 and GnT-III Mediated E-cadherin N-glycosylation is a mechanism involved in epithelial-mesenchymal-epithelial transitions. PLoS One 2012; 7:e33191. [PMID: 22427986 PMCID: PMC3302839 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0033191] [Citation(s) in RCA: 83] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2011] [Accepted: 02/06/2012] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Background N-acetylglucosaminyltransferase-III (GnT-III) is a glycosyltransferase encoded by Mgat3 that catalyzes the addition of β1,4-bisecting-N-acetylglucosamine on N-glycans. GnT-III has been pointed as a metastases suppressor having varying effects on cell adhesion and migration. We have previously described the existence of a functional feedback loop between E-cadherin expression and GnT-III-mediated glycosylation. The effects of GnT-III-mediated glycosylation on E-cadherin expression and cellular phenotype lead us to evaluate Mgat3 and GnT-III-glycosylation role during Epithelial-Mesenchymal-Transition (EMT) and the reverted process, Mesenchymal-Epithelial-Transition (MET). Methodology/Principal Findings We analyzed the expression profile and genetic mechanism controlling Mgat3 expression as well as GnT-III-mediated glycosylation, in general and specifically on E-cadherin, during EMT/MET. We found that during EMT, Mgat3 expression was dramatically decreased and later recovered when cells returned to an epithelial-like phenotype. We further identified that Mgat3 promoter methylation/demethylation is involved in this expression regulation. The impact of Mgat3 expression variation, along EMT/MET, leads to a variation in the expression levels of the enzymatic product of GnT-III (bisecting GlcNAc structures), and more importantly, to the specific modification of E-cadherin glycosylation with bisecting GlcNAc structures. Conclusions/Significance Altogether, this work identifies for the first time Mgat3 glycogene expression and GnT-III-mediated glycosylation, specifically on E-cadherin, as a novel and major component of the EMT/MET mechanism signature, supporting its role during EMT/MET.
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Mittermayr S, Bones J, Doherty M, Guttman A, Rudd PM. Multiplexed analytical glycomics: rapid and confident IgG N-glycan structural elucidation. J Proteome Res 2011; 10:3820-9. [PMID: 21699237 DOI: 10.1021/pr200371s] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
N-glycans attached to the C(H)2 domains of the Fc or the antigen binding regions of IgG play an important role in stabilizing and modulating antibody activity. Exhaustive elucidation of 32 IgG N-glycans using a combination of weak anion exchange enrichment and exoglycosidase array digestion with subsequent profiling exceeded 48 h. Pursuing increased throughput and associated structural annotation confidence, we compared the 1.7 μm hydrophilic interaction phase for UPLC with CE-LIF for the rapid and comprehensive characterization of N-glycans released from healthy human serum polyclonal IgG. Combination of the data individually generated using each technique demonstrated that complete structural annotation was possible within a total analysis time of 20 min due to the advantageous orthogonality of the separation mechanisms. The parallel use of both analytical techniques provides a powerful platform for rapid and comprehensive analysis of IgG N-glycosylation present on therapeutic antibodies or on antibodies of biomedical or pathological significance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefan Mittermayr
- NIBRT Dublin-Oxford Glycobiology Laboratory, NIBRT - The National Institute for Bioprocessing Research and Training, UCD Conway Institute of Biomolecular and Biomedical Research, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin 4, Ireland
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18
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Xu Q, Akama R, Isaji T, Lu Y, Hashimoto H, Kariya Y, Fukuda T, Du Y, Gu J. Wnt/beta-catenin signaling down-regulates N-acetylglucosaminyltransferase III expression: the implications of two mutually exclusive pathways for regulation. J Biol Chem 2010; 286:4310-8. [PMID: 21115490 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m110.182576] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
In previous studies, we reported that N-acetylglucosaminyltransferase III (GnT-III) activity and the enzyme product, bisected N-glycans, both were induced in cells cultured under dense conditions in an E-cadherin-dependent manner (Iijima, J., Zhao, Y., Isaji, T., Kameyama, A., Nakaya, S., Wang, X., Ihara, H., Cheng, X., Nakagawa, T., Miyoshi, E., Kondo, A., Narimatsu, H., Taniguchi, N., and Gu, J. (2006) J. Biol. Chem. 281, 13038-13046). Furthermore, we found that α-catenin, a component of the E-cadherin-catenin complex, was also required for this induction (Akama, R., Sato, Y., Kariya, Y., Isaji, T., Fukuda, T., Lu, L., Taniguchi, N., Ozawa, M., and Gu, J. (2008) Proteomics 8, 3221-3228). To further explore the molecular mechanism of this regulation, the roles of β-catenin, an essential molecule in both cadherin-mediated cell adhesion and canonical Wnt signaling, were investigated. Unexpectedly, shRNA knockdown of β-catenin resulted in a dramatic increase in GnT-III expression and its product, the bisected N-glycans, which was confirmed by RT-PCR and GnT-III activity and by E4-PHA lectin blot analysis. The induction of GnT-III expression increased bisecting GlcNAc residues on β1 integrin, which led to down-regulation of integrin-mediated cell adhesion and cell migration. Immunostaining showed that nuclear localization of β-catenin was greatly suppressed; intriguingly, the knockdown of β-catenin in the nuclei was more effective than that in cell-cell contacts in the knockdown cells, which was also confirmed by Western blot analysis. Stimulation of the Wnt signaling pathway by the addition of exogenous Wnt3a or BIO, a GSK-3β inhibitor, consistently and significantly inhibited GnT-III expression and its products. Conversely, the inhibition of β-catenin translocation into the nuclei increased GnT-III activation. Taken together, the results of the present study are the first to clearly demonstrate that GnT-III expression may be precisely regulated by the interplay of E-cadherin-catenin complex-mediated cell-cell adhesion and Wnt/β-catenin signaling, which are both crucial in the process of epithelial-mesenchymal transitions in physiological and pathological conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qingsong Xu
- Division of Regulatory Glycobiology, Institute of Molecular Biomembrane and Glycobiology, Tohoku Pharmaceutical University, 4-4-1 Komatsushima, Aoba-ku, Sendai Miyagi 981-8558, Japan
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19
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Zhang P, Lifen Tan D, Heng D, Wang T, Mariati, Yang Y, Song Z. A functional analysis of N-glycosylation-related genes on sialylation of recombinant erythropoietin in six commonly used mammalian cell lines. Metab Eng 2010; 12:526-36. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ymben.2010.08.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2010] [Revised: 07/28/2010] [Accepted: 08/31/2010] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
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20
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Amano M, Yamaguchi M, Takegawa Y, Yamashita T, Terashima M, Furukawa JI, Miura Y, Shinohara Y, Iwasaki N, Minami A, Nishimura SI. Threshold in stage-specific embryonic glycotypes uncovered by a full portrait of dynamic N-glycan expression during cell differentiation. Mol Cell Proteomics 2009; 9:523-37. [PMID: 20008832 DOI: 10.1074/mcp.m900559-mcp200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Although various glycoforms appear to participate independently in multiple molecular interactions in cellular adhesion that contribute to embryogenesis and organogenesis, a full portrait of the glycome diversity and the effect of the structural variations of cellular glycoforms on individual cell stages in proliferation and differentiation remain unclear. Here we describe a novel concept for the characterization of dynamic glycoform alteration during cell differentiation by means of "glycoblotting-based cellular glycomics," the only method allowing for rapid and quantitative glycan analysis. We demonstrated that processes of dynamic cellular differentiation of mouse embryonic carcinoma cells, P19CL6 and P19C6, and mouse embryonic stem cells into cardiomyocytes or neural cells can be monitored and characterized quantitatively by profiling entire N-glycan structures of total cell glycoproteins. Whole N-glycans enriched and identified by the glycoblotting method (67 glycans for P19CL6, 75 glycans for P19C6, and 72 glycans for embryonic stem cells) were profiled and bar-coded quantitatively with respect to the ratio of subgroups composed of characteristic glycoforms, namely glycotypes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maho Amano
- Laboratory of Advanced Chemical Biology, Graduate School of Life Science, and Frontier Research Center for Post-Genome Science and Technology, Hokkaido University, N21 W11, Kita-ku, Sapporo 001-0021, Japan
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21
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Dai Z, Zhou J, Qiu SJ, Liu YK, Fan J. Lectin-based glycoproteomics to explore and analyze hepatocellular carcinoma-related glycoprotein markers. Electrophoresis 2009; 30:2957-2966. [PMID: 19711376 DOI: 10.1002/elps.200900064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
More and more new diagnostic biomarkers of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) have been found in association with advances in the standardization of 2-DE coupled with MS analysis. However, the diagnosis of HCC is still detected in the late stages of the disease, when treatment options are limited and prognosis is poor. The glycosylation of proteins is known to change in tumor cells during the development of HCC as the result of alterations in the levels of glycosyltransferases, such as increased fucosylation of Golgi Protein 73 and alpha-fetoprotein. These structural changes can influence the function or physiochemical properties of a protein, resulting in abnormal cancer cell behavior. Therefore, identification of HCC-related glycoprotein markers and analysis of glycan structural alterations might assist in the early detection of HCC. Here, we summarize lectin-based glycoproteomic strategies for the discovery of relevant biomarkers of HCC. The carbohydrate-binding specificities of different lectins offer a biological affinity approach that complements existing MS capabilities. These strategies involve the enrichment of glycoproteins or glycopeptides by lectins, followed by releasing carbohydrates with peptide-N-glycosidase F or reductive beta-elimination. The obtained glycopeptides are then identified by automated MS/MS and structural analysis of glycans is performed through modern methods such as quadrupole IT-TOF, MALDI-TOF/TOF and lectin microarray. These strategies will lead to faster and more clinically adaptable tests with greater sensitivity and specificity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhi Dai
- Liver Cancer Institute and Zhong Shan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, P. R. China
| | - Jian Zhou
- Liver Cancer Institute and Zhong Shan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, P. R. China
| | - Shuang-Jian Qiu
- Liver Cancer Institute and Zhong Shan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, P. R. China
| | - Yin-Kun Liu
- Liver Cancer Institute and Zhong Shan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, P. R. China.,Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, P. R. China
| | - Jia Fan
- Liver Cancer Institute and Zhong Shan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, P. R. China.,Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, P. R. China
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Hongsachart P, Huang-Liu R, Sinchaikul S, Pan FM, Phutrakul S, Chuang YM, Yu CJ, Chen ST. Glycoproteomic analysis of WGA-bound glycoprotein biomarkers in sera from patients with lung adenocarcinoma. Electrophoresis 2009; 30:1206-20. [PMID: 19294700 DOI: 10.1002/elps.200800405] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Differential protein expression profiles in the serum samples from patients with lung adenocarcinoma may be associated with glycosylation during cancer development. In this study, we used various glycoproteomic approaches to investigate the different glycoproteomic profiles of human normal and lung adenocarcinoma serum samples and to investigate putative altered glycoprotein biomarkers. In our preliminary screening, FITC-labeled lectin staining was used for the detection of specific glycoprotein profiles. wheat germ agglutinin (WGA) lectin had the highest level of specific binding to glycoproteins in both samples. We enriched for glycoproteins in the serum samples using WGA lectin affinity and then performed co-immunoprecipitation with anti-haptoglobin and 2-DE, 2-D difference in-gel electrophoresis and MS analyses. From these analyses, we identified 39 differentially expressed proteins, including 27 up-regulated proteins and 12 down-regulated proteins. Bioinformatics tools were used to search for protein ontology, category classifications and prediction of glycosylation sites. In addition, three up-regulated glycoproteins (adiponectin, cerulolasmin and glycosylphosphatidyl-inositol-80) and two down-regulated glycoproteins (cyclin H and Fyn) that were found to be correlated with lung cancer development were validated by Western blot analysis. We suggest that these altered glycoproteins may be useful as biomarkers for lung cancer development and progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Piyorot Hongsachart
- Institute of Biological Chemistry and Genomics Research Center, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
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Pinho SS, Reis CA, Paredes J, Magalhães AM, Ferreira AC, Figueiredo J, Xiaogang W, Carneiro F, Gärtner F, Seruca R. The role of N-acetylglucosaminyltransferase III and V in the post-transcriptional modifications of E-cadherin. Hum Mol Genet 2009; 18:2599-608. [PMID: 19403558 DOI: 10.1093/hmg/ddp194] [Citation(s) in RCA: 90] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
It has long been recognized that E-cadherin dysfunction is a major cause of epithelial cell invasion. However, very little is known about the post-transcriptional modifications of E-cadherin and its role in E-cadherin mediated tumor progression. N-acetylglucosaminyltransferase III (GnT-III) catalyzes the formation of a bisecting GlcNAc structure in N-glycans, and has been pointed as a metastasis suppressor. N-acetylglucosaminyltransferase V (GnT-V) catalyzes the addition of beta1,6 GlcNAc branching of N-glycans, and has been associated to increase metastasis. The regulatory mechanism between E-cadherin expression and the remodeling of its oligosaccharides structures by GnT-III and GnT-V were explored in this study. We have demonstrated that wild-type E-cadherin regulates MGAT3 gene transcription resulting in increased GnT-III expression. We also showed that GnT-III and GnT-V competitively modified E-cadherin N-glycans. The GnT-III knockdown cells revealed a membrane de-localization of E-cadherin leading to its cytoplasmic accumulation. Further, the GnT-III knockdown cells also caused modifications of E-cadherin N-glycans catalyzed by GnT-III and GnT-V. Altogether our results have clarified the existence of a bidirectional crosstalk between E-cadherin and GnT-III/GnT-V that was, for the first time, reproduced in an in vivo model. This study opens new insights into the post-transcriptional modifications of E-cadherin in its biological function, in a tumor context.
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Affiliation(s)
- Salomé S Pinho
- Institute of Molecular Pathology and Immunology of the University of Porto (IPATIMUP), Rua Dr Roberto Frias s/n, 4200-465 Porto, Portugal
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Gu J, Sato Y, Kariya Y, Isaji T, Taniguchi N, Fukuda T. A mutual regulation between cell-cell adhesion and N-glycosylation: implication of the bisecting GlcNAc for biological functions. J Proteome Res 2009; 8:431-5. [PMID: 19053837 DOI: 10.1021/pr800674g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Changes in oligosaccharide structures are associated with numerous physiological and pathological events. E-cadherin-mediated cell-cell adhesion is believed to be both temporally and spatially regulated during development, and represents a key step in the acquisition of the invasive phenotype for many tumors. Here, we focus mainly on a mutual regulation between E-cadherin-mediated cell-cell adhesion and N-acetylglucosaminyltransferase III (GnT-III) expression, and discuss its implications for biological functions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianguo Gu
- Division of Regulatory Glycobiology, Tohoku Pharmaceutical University, Sendai Miyagi 981-8558, Japan.
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25
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Abbott KL, Nairn AV, Hall EM, Horton MB, McDonald JF, Moremen KW, Dinulescu DM, Pierce M. Focused glycomic analysis of the N-linked glycan biosynthetic pathway in ovarian cancer. Proteomics 2008; 8:3210-20. [PMID: 18690643 DOI: 10.1002/pmic.200800157] [Citation(s) in RCA: 88] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Epithelial ovarian cancer is the deadliest female reproductive tract malignancy in Western countries. Less than 25% of cases are diagnosed when the cancer is confined, however, pointing to the critical need for early diagnostics for ovarian cancer. Identifying the changes that occur in the glycome of ovarian cancer cells may provide an avenue to develop a new generation of potential biomarkers for early detection of this disease. We performed a glycotranscriptomic analysis of endometrioid ovarian carcinoma using human tissue, as well as a newly developed mouse model that mimics this disease. Our results show that the N-linked glycans expressed in both nondiseased mouse and human ovarian tissues are similar; moreover, malignant changes in the expression of N-linked glycans in both mouse and human endometrioid ovarian carcinoma are qualitatively similar. Lectin reactivity was used as a means for rapid validation of glycan structural changes in the carcinomas that were predicted by the glycotranscriptome analysis. Among several changes in glycan expression noted, the increase of bisected N-linked glycans and the transcripts of the enzyme responsible for its biosynthesis, GnT-III, was the most significant. This study provides evidence that glycotranscriptome analysis can be an important tool in identifying potential cancer biomarkers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karen L Abbott
- Complex Carbohydrate Research Center, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602, USA.
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Abstract
Abstract
Introduction
Glycans have unique characteristics that are significantly different from nucleic acids and proteins in terms of biosynthesis, structures, and functions. Moreover, their isomeric nature and the complex linkages between residues have made glycan analysis a challenging task. Disease development and progression are usually associated with alternations in glycosylation on tissue proteins and/or blood proteins. Glycans released from tissue/blood proteins hence provide a valuable source of biomarkers. In this postgenome era, glycomics is an emerging research field. Glycome refers to a repertoire of glycans in a tissue/cell type, while glycomics is the study of glycome. In the past few years, attempts have been made to develop novel methodologies for quantitative glycomic profiling and to identify potential glycobiomarkers. It can be foreseen that glycomics holds the promise for biomarker discovery. This review provides an overview of the unique features of glycans and the historical applications of such features to biomarker discovery.
Future Prospective
The concept of glycomics and its recent advancement and future prospective in biomarker research are reviewed. Above all, there is no doubt that glycomics is gaining momentum in biomarker research.
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Takahashi T, Naka T, Fujimoto M, Serada S, Horino J, Terabe F, Hirota S, Miyoshi. E, Hirai T, Nakajima K, Nishitani A, Souma Y, Sawa Y, Nishida T. Aberrant expression of glycosylation in juvenile gastrointestinal stromal tumors. Proteomics Clin Appl 2008; 2:1246-54. [DOI: 10.1002/prca.200700119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2007] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
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28
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Akama R, Sato Y, Kariya Y, Isaji T, Fukuda T, Lu L, Taniguchi N, Ozawa M, Gu J. N-acetylglucosaminyltransferase III expression is regulated by cell-cell adhesion via the E-cadherin-catenin-actin complex. Proteomics 2008; 8:3221-8. [DOI: 10.1002/pmic.200800038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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Dai Z, Fan J, Liu Y, Zhou J, Bai D, Tan C, Guo K, Zhang Y, Zhao Y, Yang P. Identification and analysis of α1,6-fucosylated proteins in human normal liver tissues by a target glycoproteomic approach. Electrophoresis 2007; 28:4382-91. [DOI: 10.1002/elps.200700233] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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30
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Li W, Takahashi M, Shibukawa Y, Yokoe S, Gu J, Miyoshi E, Honke K, Ikeda Y, Taniguchi N. Introduction of bisecting GlcNAc in N-glycans of adenylyl cyclase III enhances its activity. Glycobiology 2007; 17:655-62. [PMID: 17324955 DOI: 10.1093/glycob/cwm022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Adenylyl cyclases (ACs) catalyze the synthesis of cAMP in response to extracellular and intracellular signals and are responsible for a wide variety of biological activities including cell growth, differentiation, and metabolism. There are nine, currently known, isoforms of transmembrane ACs, and the primary structure of the catalytic unit and the potential N-glycosylation sites are highly conserved among them. The enzyme beta1,4-N-acetylglucosaminyltransferase III (GnT-III) catalyzes the addition of a bisecting N-acetylglucosamine (GlcNAc) to N-glycans. We have been studying the function of GnT-III on signaling molecules. In this study, we report on the effects of a bisecting GlcNAc on AC signaling. We established GnT-III stable expressing cell lines of Neuro-2a mouse neuroblastoma cells and B16 mouse melanoma cells. Forskolin-induced AC activation and downstream signaling, such as the synthesis of cAMP and the phosphorylation of transcriptional factor CRE-binding protein were upregulated in the GnT-III transfectants compared with mock transfectants or a dominant negative mutant of GnT-III-transfected cells. Since endogenous AC expression levels in Neuro-2a and B16 cells were too low to permit the glycosylation status to be examined, AC type III (ACIII) was overexpressed in a stable expression system using Flp-In-293 cells. The N-glycans of ACIII in the GnT-III transfectants were confirmed to be modified by the introduction of a bisecting GlcNAc, and AC activity was found to be significantly up-regulated in the GnT-III transfectants. Thus, the structure of N-glycans of ACIII regulates its enzymatic activity and downstream signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Li
- Department of Biochemistry, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-2 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
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Kondo A. Identification of Target Proteins of Glycosyltransferases Using Functional Glycomics by Gene Expression Regulation. TRENDS GLYCOSCI GLYC 2007. [DOI: 10.4052/tigg.19.247] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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Kondo A, Li W, Nakagawa T, Nakano M, Koyama N, Wang X, Gu J, Miyoshi E, Taniguchi N. From glycomics to functional glycomics of sugar chains: Identification of target proteins with functional changes using gene targeting mice and knock down cells of FUT8 as examples. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-PROTEINS AND PROTEOMICS 2006; 1764:1881-9. [PMID: 17174880 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbapap.2006.10.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2006] [Revised: 10/25/2006] [Accepted: 10/25/2006] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Comprehensive analyses of proteins from cells and tissues are the most effective means of elucidating the expression patterns of individual disease-related proteins. On the other hand, the simultaneous separation and characterization of proteins by 1-DE or 2-DE followed by MS analysis are one of the fundamental approaches to proteomic analysis. However, these analyses do not permit the complete structural identification of glycans in glycoproteins or their structural characterization. Over half of all known proteins are glycosylated and glycan analyses of glycoproteins are requisite for fundamental proteomics studies. The analysis of glycan structural alterations in glycoproteins is becoming increasingly important in terms of biomarkers, quality control of glycoprotein drugs, and the development of new drugs. However, usual approach such as proteoglycomics, glycoproteomics and glycomics which characterizes and/or identifies sugar chains, provides some structural information, but it does not provide any information of functionality of sugar chains. Therefore, in order to elucidate the function of glycans, functional glycomics which identifies the target glycoproteins and characterizes functional roles of sugar chains represents a promising approach. In this review, we show examples of functional glycomics technique using alpha 1,6 fucosyltransferase gene (Fut8) in order to identify the target glycoprotein(s). This approach is based on glycan profiling by CE/MS and LC/MS followed by proteomic approaches, including 2-DE/1-DE and lectin blot techniques and identification of functional changes of sugar chains.
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Affiliation(s)
- Akihiro Kondo
- Department of Glycotherapeutics, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka 565-0871, Japan.
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Tang H, Mechref Y, Novotny MV. Automated interpretation of MS/MS spectra of oligosaccharides. Bioinformatics 2006; 21 Suppl 1:i431-9. [PMID: 15961488 PMCID: PMC1513159 DOI: 10.1093/bioinformatics/bti1038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 91] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
MOTIVATION The emerging glycomics and glycoproteomics projects aim to characterize all forms of glycoproteins in different tissues and organisms. Tandem mass spectrometry (MS/MS) is the key experimental methodology for high-throughput glycan identification and characterization. Fragmentation of glycans from high energy collision-induced dissociation generates ions from glycosidic as well as internal cleavages. The cross-ring ions resulting from internal cleavages provide additional information that is important to reveal the type of linkage between monosaccharides. This information, however, is not incorporated into the current programs for analyzing glycan mass spectra. As a result, they can rarely distinguish from the mass spectra isomeric oligosaccharides, which have the same saccharide composition but different types of sequences, branches or linkages. RESULTS In this paper, we describe a novel algorithm for glycan characterization using MS/MS. This algorithm consists of three steps. First, we develop a scoring scheme to identify potential bond linkages between monosaccharides, based on the appearance pattern of cross-ring ions. Next, we use a dynamic programming algorithm to determine the most probable oligosaccharide structures from the mass spectrum. Finally, we re-evaluate these oligosaccharide structures, taking into account the double fragmentation ions. We also show the preliminary results of testing our algorithm on several MS/MS spectra of oligosaccharides. AVAILABILITY The program GLYCH is available upon request from the authors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haixu Tang
- School of Informatics, Indiana University Bloomington, IN, USA.
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Iijima J, Zhao Y, Isaji T, Kameyama A, Nakaya S, Wang X, Ihara H, Cheng X, Nakagawa T, Miyoshi E, Kondo A, Narimatsu H, Taniguchi N, Gu J. Cell-Cell Interaction-dependent Regulation of N-Acetylglucosaminyltransferase III and the Bisected N-Glycans in GE11 Epithelial Cells. J Biol Chem 2006; 281:13038-13046. [PMID: 16537539 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m601961200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Changes in oligosaccharide structures are associated with numerous physiological and pathological events. In this study, the effects of cell-cell interactions on N-linked oligosaccharides (N-glycans) were investigated in GE11 epithelial cells. N-glycans were purified from whole cell lysates by hydrazinolysis and then detected by high performance liquid chromatography and mass spectrometry. Interestingly, the population of the bisecting GlcNAc-containing N-glycans, the formation of which is catalyzed by N-acetylglucosaminyltransferase III (GnT-III), was substantially increased in cells cultured under dense conditions compared with those cultured under sparse conditions. The expression levels and activities of GnT-III but not other glycosyltransferases, such as GnT-V and alpha1,6-fucosyltransferase, were also consistently increased in these cells. However, this was not observed in mouse embryonic fibroblasts or MDA-MB231 cells, in which E-cadherin is deficient. In contrast, perturbation of E-cadherin-mediated adhesion by treatment with EDTA or a neutralizing anti-E-cadherin antibody abolished the up-regulation of expression of GnT-III. Furthermore, we observed the significant increase in GnT-III activity under dense growth conditions after restoration of the expression of E-cadherin in MDA-MB231 cells. Our data together indicate that a E-cadherin-dependent pathway plays a critical role in regulation of GnT-III expression. Given the importance of GnT-III and the dynamic regulation of cell-cell interaction during tissue development and homeostasis, the changes in GnT-III expression presumably contribute to intracellular signaling transduction during such processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junko Iijima
- Department of Biochemistry, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - Yanyang Zhao
- Department of Biochemistry, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - Tomoya Isaji
- Department of Biochemistry, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka 565-0871, Japan; Division of Regulatory Glycobiology, Tohoku Pharmaceutical University, Sendai, Miyagi 981-8558, Japan, and the
| | - Akihiko Kameyama
- Research Center for Glycoscience, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8568, Japan
| | - Shuuichi Nakaya
- Research Center for Glycoscience, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8568, Japan
| | - Xiangchun Wang
- Department of Biochemistry, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - Hideyuki Ihara
- Department of Biochemistry, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - Xinyao Cheng
- Department of Biochemistry, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - Takatoshi Nakagawa
- Department of Glycotherapeutics, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - Eiji Miyoshi
- Department of Biochemistry, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - Akihiro Kondo
- Department of Glycotherapeutics, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - Hisashi Narimatsu
- Research Center for Glycoscience, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8568, Japan
| | - Naoyuki Taniguchi
- Department of Biochemistry, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka 565-0871, Japan.
| | - Jianguo Gu
- Department of Biochemistry, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka 565-0871, Japan; Division of Regulatory Glycobiology, Tohoku Pharmaceutical University, Sendai, Miyagi 981-8558, Japan, and the.
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Hashii N, Kawasaki N, Itoh S, Hyuga M, Kawanishi T, Hayakawa T. Glycomic/glycoproteomic analysis by liquid chromatography/mass spectrometry: Analysis of glycan structural alteration in cells. Proteomics 2005; 5:4665-72. [PMID: 16281179 DOI: 10.1002/pmic.200401330] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
The alteration of glycosyltransferase expression and the subsequent changes in oligosaccharide structures are reported in several diseases. The analysis of glycan structural alteration in glycoproteins is becoming increasingly important in the discovery of therapies and diagnostic markers. In this study, we propose a strategy for glycomic/glycoproteomic analysis based on oligosaccharide profiling by LC/MS followed by proteomic approaches, including 2-DE and 2-D lectin blot. As a model of aberrant cells, we used Chinese hamster ovary cells transfected with N-acetylglucosaminyltransferase III (GnT-III), which catalyzes the addition of a bisecting N-acetylglucosamine (GlcNAc) to beta-mannose of the mannosyl core of N-linked oligosaccharides. LC/MS equipped with a graphitized carbon column (GCC) enabled us to elucidate the structural alteration induced by the GnT-III expression. Using 2-D lectin blot followed by LC/MS/MS, the protein carrying an extra N-acetylhexosamine in cells transfected with GnT-III was successfully identified as integrin alpha3. Thus, oligosaccharide profiling by GCC-LC/MS followed by proteomic methods can be a powerful tool for glycomic/glycoproteomic analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Noritaka Hashii
- Division of Biological Chemistry and Biologicals, National Institute of Health Sciences, 1-18-1 Kamiyoga, Setagaya-ku, Tokyo 158-8501, Japan
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Hyuga M, Hyuga S, Kawasaki N, Ohta M, Itoh S, Niimi S, Kawanishi T, Hayakawa T. Enhancement of hepatocyte growth factor-induced cell scattering in N-acetylglucosaminyltransferase III-transfected HepG2 cells. Biol Pharm Bull 2005; 27:781-5. [PMID: 15187417 DOI: 10.1248/bpb.27.781] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
N-Acetylglucosaminyltransferase III (GnT-III), which catalyzes the synthesis of a bisecting GlcNAc residue of N-glycans, is thought to be involved in the function of glycoproteins such as growth factor receptors. We investigated the effects of the overexpression of GnT-III on the hepatocyte growth factor (HGF) receptor c-Met, a glycoprotein, in human hepatocarcinoma HepG2 cells. GnT-III activity was elevated about 250-fold in HepG2 cells stably transfected with the GnT-III gene, whereas no significant change in GnT-III activity was observed in mock transfectants. Cell scattering assay revealed that HGF-induced cell scattering was enhanced depending on the GnT-III activities in the GnT-III transfectants. Western blot analysis and E-PHA lectin blot analysis showed that the level of c-Met protein was the same in both transfectants; however, the bisecting GlcNAc residue on c-Met was detected only in the GnT-III transfectants. Although the peak level of c-Met phosphorylation was not different in both transfectants, the level of tyrosine phosphorylation of c-Met decreased more rapidly in the GnT-III transfectants than in the mock transfectants. Furthermore, HGF-induced extracellular-regulated kinase (ERK) phosphorylation was slightly higher in the GnT-III transfectants than in the mock transfectants. These results show that overexpression of GnT-III in HepG2 cells enhances HGF-induced cell scattering, which may result from, at least in part, enhancement of HGF-induced ERK phosphorylation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masashi Hyuga
- Division of Biological Chemistry and Biologicals, National Institute of Health Sciences, Tokyo, Japan.
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Bovie C, Ongena M, Thonart P, Dommes J. Cloning and expression analysis of cDNAs corresponding to genes activated in cucumber showing systemic acquired resistance after BTH treatment. BMC PLANT BIOLOGY 2004; 4:15. [PMID: 15331019 PMCID: PMC516775 DOI: 10.1186/1471-2229-4-15] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2004] [Accepted: 08/26/2004] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Infection of plants by necrotizing pathogens can lead to the rapid and localized induction of a complex set of defense responses resulting in a restriction of pathogen growth and spread. Subsequently, an increase of plant resistance against a broad spectrum of pathogens is observed systemically. This plant immunity is known as Systemic Acquired Resistance. To identify components of the transduction pathway, we cloned and analysed the expression pattern of several mRNAs accumulating in cucumber plants after induction of Systemic Acquired Resistance. RESULTS We tested on cucumber different compounds known to induce systemic acquired resistance. Among these, BTH (benzo(1,2,3)thiadiazole-7-carbothioic acid S-methyl ester) proved to be very effective. mRNA RT-PCR differential display was used to identify mRNA sequences induced 24 hours after the application of 10 microM BTH to cucumber plants. A cDNA library constructed from cucumber plants sprayed with 10 microM BTH was screened to get corresponding full length cDNAs. Among the identified cDNAs were those coding for a putative ras-related GTP-binding protein, a putative beta-1,4-N-Acetylglucosaminyltranferase III and a putative pathogenesis related protein. The time course of accumulation of the three corresponding mRNAs was analysed by northern blotting in plants treated by BTH or in plants infected by Colletotrichum lagenarium. CONCLUSIONS The mRNA RT-PCR differential display technique allowed the identification of three genes possibly involved in Systemic Acquired Resistance in cucumber. Pathogenesis-related proteins are known to be involved in plant defence against pathogens. GTP-binding protein and N-acetylglucosaminyltranferase III have been reported to be components of signal transduction pathways in mammals and plants.
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MESH Headings
- Blotting, Northern
- Cloning, Molecular
- Colletotrichum/growth & development
- Cucumis sativus/drug effects
- Cucumis sativus/genetics
- Cucumis sativus/microbiology
- DNA, Complementary/chemistry
- DNA, Complementary/genetics
- Gene Expression Regulation, Plant
- Immunity, Innate/drug effects
- Immunity, Innate/genetics
- Monomeric GTP-Binding Proteins/genetics
- N-Acetylglucosaminyltransferases/genetics
- Peptide Termination Factors/genetics
- Plant Diseases/genetics
- Plant Diseases/microbiology
- Plant Leaves/drug effects
- Plant Leaves/genetics
- Plant Leaves/microbiology
- Plant Proteins/genetics
- RNA, Messenger/genetics
- RNA, Messenger/metabolism
- Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction
- Sequence Analysis, DNA
- Thiadiazoles/pharmacology
- Time Factors
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Affiliation(s)
- Catherine Bovie
- Laboratoire de Biologie Moléculaire et de Biotechnologie Végétales, Département des Sciences de la Vie, B22, Université de Liège, B-4000 Liège/Sart Tilman, Belgium
| | - Marc Ongena
- Centre Wallon de Biologie Industrielle, Unité de Bioindustries, Faculté Universitaire des Sciences Agronomiques, B-5030 Gembloux, Belgium
| | - Philippe Thonart
- Centre Wallon de Biologie Industrielle, Unité de Bioindustries, Faculté Universitaire des Sciences Agronomiques, B-5030 Gembloux, Belgium
| | - Jacques Dommes
- Laboratoire de Biologie Moléculaire et de Biotechnologie Végétales, Département des Sciences de la Vie, B22, Université de Liège, B-4000 Liège/Sart Tilman, Belgium
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