1
|
Senekowitsch S, Wietkamp E, Grimm M, Schmelter F, Schick P, Kordowski A, Sina C, Otzen H, Weitschies W, Smollich M. High-Dose Spermidine Supplementation Does Not Increase Spermidine Levels in Blood Plasma and Saliva of Healthy Adults: A Randomized Placebo-Controlled Pharmacokinetic and Metabolomic Study. Nutrients 2023; 15:nu15081852. [PMID: 37111071 PMCID: PMC10143675 DOI: 10.3390/nu15081852] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2023] [Revised: 04/04/2023] [Accepted: 04/07/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2023] Open
Abstract
(1) Background: Spermidine is a biogenic polyamine that plays a crucial role in mammalian metabolism. As spermidine levels decline with age, spermidine supplementation is suggested to prevent or delay age-related diseases. However, valid pharmacokinetic data regarding spermidine remains lacking. Therefore, for the first time, the present study investigated the pharmacokinetics of oral spermidine supplementation. (2) Methods: This study was designed as a randomized, placebo-controlled, triple-blinded, two-armed crossover trial with two 5-day intervention phases separated by a washout phase of 9 days. In 12 healthy volunteers, 15 mg/d of spermidine was administered orally, and blood and saliva samples were taken. Spermidine, spermine, and putrescine were quantified by liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS). The plasma metabolome was investigated using nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) metabolomics. (3) Results: Compared with a placebo, spermidine supplementation significantly increased spermine levels in the plasma, but it did not affect spermidine or putrescine levels. No effect on salivary polyamine concentrations was observed. (4) Conclusions: This study's results suggest that dietary spermidine is presystemically converted into spermine, which then enters systemic circulation. Presumably, the in vitro and clinical effects of spermidine are at least in part attributable to its metabolite, spermine. It is rather unlikely that spermidine supplements with doses <15 mg/d exert any short-term effects.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Stefan Senekowitsch
- Department of Biopharmaceutics and Pharmaceutical Technology, University of Greifswald, 17489 Greifswald, Germany
| | - Eliza Wietkamp
- Institute of Nutritional Medicine, University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein, Campus Lübeck, University of Lübeck, 23538 Lübeck, Germany
| | - Michael Grimm
- Department of Biopharmaceutics and Pharmaceutical Technology, University of Greifswald, 17489 Greifswald, Germany
| | - Franziska Schmelter
- Institute of Nutritional Medicine, University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein, Campus Lübeck, University of Lübeck, 23538 Lübeck, Germany
| | - Philipp Schick
- Department of Biopharmaceutics and Pharmaceutical Technology, University of Greifswald, 17489 Greifswald, Germany
| | - Anna Kordowski
- Institute of Nutritional Medicine, University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein, Campus Lübeck, University of Lübeck, 23538 Lübeck, Germany
| | - Christian Sina
- Institute of Nutritional Medicine, University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein, Campus Lübeck, University of Lübeck, 23538 Lübeck, Germany
| | - Hans Otzen
- Institute of Nutritional Medicine, University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein, Campus Lübeck, University of Lübeck, 23538 Lübeck, Germany
| | - Werner Weitschies
- Department of Biopharmaceutics and Pharmaceutical Technology, University of Greifswald, 17489 Greifswald, Germany
| | - Martin Smollich
- Institute of Nutritional Medicine, University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein, Campus Lübeck, University of Lübeck, 23538 Lübeck, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Peña J, Laespada MEF, Pinto CG, Pavón JLP. Development of a method for the determination of polyamines including N-acetylated forms in human saliva via benzoylation and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. J Chromatogr A 2021; 1651:462278. [PMID: 34102399 DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2021.462278] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2021] [Revised: 05/05/2021] [Accepted: 05/15/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
A simple method for the determination of polyamines and their N-acetylated forms was developed using benzoyl chloride as derivatization reagent, and 1,6-diaminohexane as internal standard, followed by liquid-liquid extraction with ethyl acetate. The organic extract was injected in a gas chromatograph using a programmed temperature vaporizer and the determination and quantification was performed with a quadrupole mass spectrometer. There was no matrix effect with the proposed method, so internal calibration was used to quantify the corresponding derivatives. Good linear responses were obtained in the range from the limits of detection to 500 µg L-1 (50 µg L-1 for spermidine), with correlation coefficients varying from 0.9591 to 0.9968. The limits of quantification (S/N = 10) ranged 1.0 - 8.3 µg L-1. Recoveries were found between 82 - 117%, showing the good accuracy of the proposed method. Intra- and inter-day precision assays, expressed as relative standard deviation (RSD) were evaluated at two different concentration levels (low and high), showing values in the range of 2.4 - 6.1% and 5.2 - 9.0% for repeatability and reproducibility, respectively (6.9 - 9.7% and 14.1 - 14.6% for spermidine). Successful determination of the studied polyamines and their N-acetylated forms was performed on the saliva of 17 volunteers.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Javier Peña
- Departamento de Química Analítica, Nutrición y Bromatología. Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad de Salamanca. 37008 Salamanca, Spain.
| | - Mª Esther Fernández Laespada
- Departamento de Química Analítica, Nutrición y Bromatología. Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad de Salamanca. 37008 Salamanca, Spain
| | - Carmelo García Pinto
- Departamento de Química Analítica, Nutrición y Bromatología. Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad de Salamanca. 37008 Salamanca, Spain
| | - José Luis Pérez Pavón
- Departamento de Química Analítica, Nutrición y Bromatología. Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad de Salamanca. 37008 Salamanca, Spain
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
|
4
|
Evaluation of polyamines as marker of melanoma cell proliferation and differentiation by an improved high-performance liquid chromatographic method. Amino Acids 2019; 51:1623-1631. [PMID: 31617109 DOI: 10.1007/s00726-019-02799-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2019] [Accepted: 10/03/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
The differentiation therapy is focused on the identification of new agents able to impair the proliferative and metastatic potential of cancer cells through the induction of differentiation. Although several markers of cell differentiation on tumor cells have been identified, their causal relationship with neoplastic competence has not been characterized in sufficient detail to propose their use as new pharmacological targets useful for the design of new differentiation agents. Polyamine level in cancer cells and in body fluids was proposed as potential marker of cell proliferation and differentiation. The main advantage of this marker is the possibility to evaluate the antineoplastic activity of new drugs able to induce cell differentiation and consequently to inhibit tumor growth and metastasis. The presented report shows a simply and highly reproducible reverse-phase high-performance liquid chromatographic (HPLC) method for the determination of ortho-phthalaldehyde (OPA) derivatives of polyamines: putrescine (PUT), cadaverine (CAD), spermidine (SPD) and spermine (SPM). The novelty of this method is the fluorescence response for OPA-derivate of SPM, generally low in other procedures, that has been significantly improved by the use of a fully endcapped packing material with minimal silanol interactions. The limits of detection for PUT, CAD, SPD and SPM were 0.6, 0.7, 0.8, and 0.4 pmol/mL, respectively. The analysis time was ≤ 20 min, and the relative recovery rate was of about 97%. To verify the usefulness of this method, it has been validated in a murine melanoma cell line (B16-F10) treated with two theophylline derivatives (namely 8-chlorotheophylline and 8-bromotheophylline). These two compounds increased the activity of tissue transglutaminase (TG2) and the synthesis of melanin, two recognized markers of melanoma cell differentiation, and significantly reduced the levels of intracellular polyamines.
Collapse
|
5
|
Determination of polyamines and related compounds in saliva via in situ derivatization and microextraction by packed sorbents coupled to GC-MS. J Chromatogr B Analyt Technol Biomed Life Sci 2019; 1129:121821. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jchromb.2019.121821] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2019] [Revised: 09/26/2019] [Accepted: 09/29/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
|
6
|
Development of a screening and confirmatory method for the analysis of polar endogenous compounds in saliva based on a liquid chromatographic-tandem mass spectrometric system. J Chromatogr A 2019; 1590:88-95. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2019.01.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2018] [Revised: 12/10/2018] [Accepted: 01/01/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
|
7
|
Qi X, Wang WF, Wang J, Yang JL, Shi YP. Highly selective colorimetric detection of putrescine in fish products using o-phthalaldehyde derivatization reaction. Food Chem 2018; 259:245-250. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2018.03.131] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2017] [Revised: 11/18/2017] [Accepted: 03/28/2018] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
|
8
|
Elbashir AA, Schmitz OJ, Aboul-Enein HY. Application of capillary electrophoresis with capacitively coupled contactless conductivity detection (CE-C4
D): An update. Biomed Chromatogr 2017; 31. [DOI: 10.1002/bmc.3945] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2016] [Revised: 01/20/2017] [Accepted: 02/03/2017] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Abdalla A. Elbashir
- Faculty of Science, Chemistry Department; University of Khartoum; Khartoum Sudan
- Applied Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry; University of Duisburg-Essen; Essen Germany
| | - Oliver J. Schmitz
- Applied Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry; University of Duisburg-Essen; Essen Germany
| | - Hassan Y. Aboul-Enein
- Pharmaceutical and Medicinal Chemistry Department, Pharmaceutical and Drug Industries Research Division; National Research Centre; Giza Egypt
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
HAYAMA T, TAMASHIMA E, YOSHIDA H, YAMAGUCHI M, NOHTA H. Multi-Perfluoroalkyl Derivatization of Polyamines for Selective Liquid Chromatography-Tandem Mass Spectrometric Analysis Utilizing Fluorous Affinity. CHROMATOGRAPHY 2017. [DOI: 10.15583/jpchrom.2017.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Hitoshi NOHTA
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Fukuoka University
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Rapid and Simultaneous Quantification of Polyamines in Human Plasma by LC–MS/MS After Pre-column Derivatization with N-(9-Fluorenylmethoxycarbonyloxy)succinimide. Chromatographia 2016. [DOI: 10.1007/s10337-016-3079-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
|
11
|
Chopra S, Singh J, Kaur H, Singh A, Singh N, Kaur N. Colorimetric Detection of Spermine by the CuIIComplex of Imine-Based Organic Nanoaggregates in Aqueous Medium. Eur J Inorg Chem 2015. [DOI: 10.1002/ejic.201500489] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
|
12
|
Micro-scale strategy to detect spermine and spermidine by MALDI-TOF MS in foods and identification of apoptosis-related proteins by nano-flow UPLC-MS/MS after treatment with spermine and spermidine. J Chromatogr B Analyt Technol Biomed Life Sci 2014; 978-979:131-7. [PMID: 25541472 DOI: 10.1016/j.jchromb.2014.11.037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2014] [Revised: 11/16/2014] [Accepted: 11/29/2014] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Spermine and spermidine are multiple-nitrogen compounds found in many foods. Both compounds are essential for cell growth and human health. This study established a simple and fast method of detecting spermine and spermidine in food samples by matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization combined with time-of-flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF MS). After a simple sample preparation procedure, spermine and spermidine were directly detected by MALDI-TOF MS with no additional purification procedure. The calibration curves for spermine and spermidine ranged from 0.1 to 10 μg/mL. In intra- and inter-batch assays of three different concentrations of spermine and spermidine, all relative standard deviations and relative errors were below 18.9%. These experimental results confirmed the practicability and effectiveness of the proposed MALDI-TOF MS method for fast determination of spermine and spermidine in food samples. Furthermore, since spermine and spermidine have important roles in apoptosis, up-regulation and down-regulation of spermine and spermidine during apoptosis were analyzed. After treating NRK-52E cells with spermine and spermidine, the cells were lysed, and cell proteins were collected, and digested. Apoptosis-related proteins were then identified by tandem MS.
Collapse
|
13
|
Liu Y, Zhang X, Guo L, Zhang Y, Li Z, Wang Z, Huang M, Yang C, Ye J, Chu Q. Electromembrane extraction of salivary polyamines followed by capillary zone electrophoresis with capacitively coupled contactless conductivity detection. Talanta 2014; 128:386-92. [DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2014.04.079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2014] [Revised: 04/22/2014] [Accepted: 04/29/2014] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
|
14
|
Lu CY, Su HH, Chen YL, Tseng WL. Micro extraction to quantitate spermidine and spermine in human urine and blood by matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry. J Chromatogr A 2014; 1326:1-6. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2013.12.037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2013] [Revised: 12/10/2013] [Accepted: 12/10/2013] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
|
15
|
Elbashir AA, Krieger S, Schmitz OJ. Simultaneous determination of polyamines and acetylpolyamines in human urine by capillary electrophoresis with fluorescence detection. Electrophoresis 2013; 35:570-6. [PMID: 24338443 DOI: 10.1002/elps.201300337] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2013] [Revised: 10/19/2013] [Accepted: 10/23/2013] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
There has been evidence linking elevated polyamines (PAs) and acetylpolamines (AcPAs) level and cancer. So the simultaneous analysis of these compounds has become important task for cancer diagnosis and antitumor drug monitoring. A simple, fast and inexpensive CZE-LIF method has been developed for the determination of cadaverine (CAD), putrescine (PUT), spermine (SPM), spermidine (SPD), acetylspermine (ASPM), and acetylspermidine (ASPD) in human urine using 4-chloro-7-nitro-2,1,3-benzooxadiazole as a fluorescent reagent. Labeling reaction conditions were systematically investigated and were found to be 20 mM borate buffer at pH 7.4, labeling reaction time, and temperature were 10 min and 70°C, respectively. Under these optimized conditions the four PAs, two AcPAs and the internal standard were separated in 6 min. An Exactive-MS with an ESI source was used for identification of the bis-derivative of the ASPM. The method was validated in term of linearity, LODs, repeatability, intra- and interday assays, recovery, and selectivity. The LODs for CAD, PUT, SPM, SPD, ASPM, and ASPD were found to be 7.6, 10.0, 9.0, 8.8,7.8, and 3.3 nM, respectively. The method was successfully applied for the analysis of PAs and AcPAs in healthy human urine samples.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Abdalla A Elbashir
- Applied Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany; University of Khartoum, Faculty of Science, Chemistry Department, Khartoum, Khartoum, Sudan
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
16
|
IIJIMA S, SATO Y, BOUNOSHITA M, MIYAJI T, TOGNARELLI DJ, SAITO M. Optimization of an Online Post-Column Derivatization System for Ultra High-Performance Liquid Chromatography (UHPLC) and Its Applications to Analysis of Biogenic Amines. ANAL SCI 2013; 29:539-45. [DOI: 10.2116/analsci.29.539] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Satoe IIJIMA
- LC and SFC Applications Laboratory, JASCO Corporation
| | - Yasuyo SATO
- LC and SFC Applications Laboratory, JASCO Corporation
| | | | | | | | - Muneo SAITO
- LC and SFC Applications Laboratory, JASCO Corporation
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Bandyopadhyay BC, Swaim WD, Sarkar A, Liu X, Ambudkar IS. Extracellular Ca(2+) sensing in salivary ductal cells. J Biol Chem 2012; 287:30305-16. [PMID: 22778254 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m112.394122] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Ca(2+) is secreted from the salivary acinar cells as an ionic constituent of primary saliva. Ions such as Na(+) and Cl(-) get reabsorbed whereas primary saliva flows through the salivary ductal system. Although earlier studies have shown that salivary [Ca(2+)] decreases as it flows down the ductal tree into the oral cavity, ductal reabsorption of Ca(2+) remains enigmatic. Here we report a potential role for the G protein-coupled receptor, calcium-sensing receptor (CSR), in the regulation of Ca(2+) reabsorption by salivary gland ducts. Our data show that CSR is present in the apical region of ductal cells where it is co-localized with transient receptor potential canonical 3 (TRPC3). CSR is activated in isolated salivary gland ducts as well as a ductal cell line (SMIE) by altering extracellular [Ca(2+)] or by aromatic amino acid, L-phenylalanine (L-Phe, endogenous component of saliva), as well as neomycin. CSR activation leads to Ca(2+) influx that, in polarized cells grown on a filter support, is initiated in the luminal region. We show that TRPC3 contributes to Ca(2+) entry triggered by CSR activation. Further, stimulation of CSR in SMIE cells enhances the CSR-TRPC3 association as well as surface expression of TRPC3. Together our findings suggest that CSR could serve as a Ca(2+) sensor in the luminal membrane of salivary gland ducts and regulate reabsorption of [Ca(2+)] from the saliva via TRPC3, thus contributing to maintenance of salivary [Ca(2+)]. CSR could therefore be a potentially important protective mechanism against formation of salivary gland stones (sialolithiasis) and infection (sialoadenitis).
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Bidhan C Bandyopadhyay
- Calcium Signaling Laboratory, Research Service, Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Washington, DC 20422, USA.
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
18
|
Álvarez-Sánchez B, Priego-Capote F, Luque de Castro M. Study of sample preparation for metabolomic profiling of human saliva by liquid chromatography–time of flight/mass spectrometry. J Chromatogr A 2012; 1248:178-81. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2012.05.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2011] [Revised: 05/03/2012] [Accepted: 05/09/2012] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
|
19
|
Diagnostic screening for spermine synthase deficiency by liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry. Clin Chim Acta 2011; 412:655-60. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cca.2010.12.037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2010] [Revised: 12/24/2010] [Accepted: 12/27/2010] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
|
20
|
Caporossi L, Santoro A, Papaleo B. Saliva as an analytical matrix: state of the art and application for biomonitoring. Biomarkers 2010; 15:475-87. [PMID: 20450335 DOI: 10.3109/1354750x.2010.481364] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Analytical tests to measure chemicals in saliva can be employed for numerous analytes, endogenous compounds or xenobiotics. The objective was to determine which chemicals can be analysed with this matrix, which analytical methods are applicable, and what application is possible for biomonitoring. We reviewed the literature using three databases, MEDLINE, PubMed and Scopus, collecting articles on different kinds of analysis in saliva. Studies were principally about molecules of clinical interest, xenobiotics, especially drugs of abuse, and chemicals used at workplaces; some substances show no relevant correlation with exposure data while others seems to be of particular interest for systematic use for biomonitoring. Currently, saliva is used far less than other biological fluids but its use for biomonitoring of exposure to chemicals might open up new areas for research and would certainly simplify the collection of biological samples.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lidia Caporossi
- ISPESL-National Institute of Occupational Safety and Prevention, Department of Occupational Medicine, Monteporzio Catone (RM), Italy.
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
21
|
Piermarini S, Volpe G, Federico R, Moscone D, Palleschi G. Detection of Biogenic Amines in Human Saliva Using a Screen-Printed Biosensor. ANAL LETT 2010. [DOI: 10.1080/00032710903518724] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
|
22
|
Pelto GH, Zhang Y, Habicht JP. Premastication: the second arm of infant and young child feeding for health and survival? MATERNAL & CHILD NUTRITION 2010; 6:4-18. [PMID: 20073131 PMCID: PMC6860819 DOI: 10.1111/j.1740-8709.2009.00200.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Premastication of foods for infants was a crucial behavioural adaptation to neoteny that ensured nutritional adequacy during the period of complementary feeding throughout the course of human evolution until recent times.While the paps and gruels of agricultural systems provided an alternative and modern food technology appears to make it unnecessary, we argue that, in addition to its role in nutrition, premastication also played a crucial role in supporting infant health. Its abandonment, particularly in poor communities, has placed children at increased risk of inadequate nutrition and decreased ability to confront infections associated with the introduction of complementary foods.We present two empirical studies. Section I is a cross-cultural study of the ethnographic literature in order to estimate prevalence in non-Western societies.One-third of ethnographies in the worldwide sample with data on infant feeding report premastication. Section II presents the results of a qualitative study in China, conducted in order to provide data on the likelihood that this percent is incorrect due to under-reporting.The finding that 63% of Chinese university students received premasticated food as infants, whereas none of eight ethnographic studies performed in Han China identified premastication in their reports, provides support for the conclusion that the cross-cultural study grossly underestimates its prevalence in non-Western societies. Section III is a discussion of potential benefits and risks of infant exposure to maternal saliva.We conclude with the argument for a concerted research effort to determine whether premastication can solve not only the 'weanling dilemma' in poor countries but also some of the health problems among the better-off.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Gretel H Pelto
- Division of Nutritional Sciences, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853, USA.
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
23
|
Mateva LV, Sv. Petrov S, St. Lozanov V, Elenkova AP, Zacharieva S, Iv. Mitev V. Simultaneous Determination of Free Polyamines, Catecholamines and Metanephrines in Plasma and Urine. J LIQ CHROMATOGR R T 2008. [DOI: 10.1080/10826070802225411] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Lyudmila V. Mateva
- a Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry , Medical University , Sofia, Bulgaria
| | - Stefan Sv. Petrov
- a Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry , Medical University , Sofia, Bulgaria
| | - Valentin St. Lozanov
- a Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry , Medical University , Sofia, Bulgaria
| | - Atanaska P. Elenkova
- b University Specialized Hospital for Active Treatment of Endocrinology “Akad. Ivan Penchev,” , Sofia, Bulgaria
| | - Sabina Zacharieva
- b University Specialized Hospital for Active Treatment of Endocrinology “Akad. Ivan Penchev,” , Sofia, Bulgaria
| | - Vanio Iv. Mitev
- a Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry , Medical University , Sofia, Bulgaria
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Deng YH, Zhang HS, Du XL, Wang H. Quantification of biogenic amines in human plasma based on the derivatization withN-hydroxy-succinimidyl fluorescein-O-acetate by high-performance liquid chromatography. J Sep Sci 2008; 31:990-8. [DOI: 10.1002/jssc.200700399] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
|
25
|
Mei Y, Ran L, Ying X, Yuan Z, Xin S. A sequential injection analysis/chemiluminescent plant tissue-based biosensor system for the determination of diamine. Biosens Bioelectron 2007; 22:871-6. [PMID: 16621502 DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2006.03.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2005] [Revised: 03/05/2006] [Accepted: 03/07/2006] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
In this paper, a new chemiluminescent plant tissue-based biosensor for diamine detection was presented by employing sequential injection analysis (SIA), which facilitates precise fluidic handling and lower consumption of sample and reagents. Pea-seedling tissue acted as the molecular recognition element and was packed in a mini-PTFE column and further incorporated in the SIA system. The analysis of diamines, such as putrescine and cadaverine, is based on an enzymatic conversion which takes place in the plant tissue column to produce hydrogen peroxide. The formed hydrogen peroxide was detected by a chemiluminescence reaction involving luminol and Co(2+). Under the optimal conditions, the linear calibration graphs were obtained within 0.2-80 microM (putrescine) and 0.5-100 microM (cadaverine). The detection limits of 0.03 and 0.06 microM were achieved for putrescine and cadaverine, respectively, along with the relative standard deviations of 2.14% and 3.08% (n=11) and a sampling frequency of 40 h(-1). The present biosensor has been used for the analysis of diamine in fish samples with an acceptable accuracy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yang Mei
- Department of Chemistry, Liaoning Normal University, Dalian 116029, China.
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
26
|
Sano M, Nishino I. Assay for spermidine synthase activity by micellar electrokinetic chromatography with laser-induced fluorescence detection. J Chromatogr B Analyt Technol Biomed Life Sci 2007; 845:80-3. [PMID: 16931179 DOI: 10.1016/j.jchromb.2006.07.052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2006] [Revised: 06/23/2006] [Accepted: 07/24/2006] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
An assay for spermidine synthase (SPDS) activity in rat liver has been developed using micellar electrokinetic chromatography (MEKC) with laser-induced fluorescence (LIF) detection to enable the discovery of SPDS inhibitors. The assay was established by estimating the amount of spermidine (SPD) produced from the putrescine (PUT) present by SPDS. The SPD in an enzyme reaction mixture of homogenized rat liver could directly react with 7-fluoro-4-nitrobenzo-2-oxa-1,3-diazole (NBD-F) as a fluorescence derivatization reagent. The NBD derivatives of SPD and PUT could be separated and detected by MEKC-LIF detection within 15 min. The IC(50) value measured for SPDS inhibitor, 4-methylcyclohexylamine, in rat liver by this assay was consistent with published data. Our SPDS assay using MEKC-LIF is simple and allows easy determination of SPDS activity in homogenized samples without troublesome procedures such as preparation of antibody or fluorescence-labeled substrate. The assay should be effective for discovering the SPDS inhibitors using biological samples.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Masatake Sano
- Shionogi Research Laboratories, Shionogi & Co. Ltd., 12-4, Sagisu-5-Chome, Osaka 553-0002, Japan.
| | | |
Collapse
|
27
|
HPLC of Biogenic Amines as 6-Aminoquinolyl-N-hydroxysuccinimidyl Derivatives. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2005. [DOI: 10.1016/s0301-4770(05)80020-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/07/2023]
|
28
|
HPLC of amines as o-phthalaldehyde derivatives. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2005. [DOI: 10.1016/s0301-4770(05)80017-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register]
|
29
|
Lochmann D, Stadlhofer S, Weyermann J, Zimmer A. New protamine quantification method in microtiter plates using o-phthaldialdehyde/N-acetyl-l-cysteine reagent. Int J Pharm 2004; 283:11-7. [PMID: 15363497 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2004.05.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2003] [Revised: 04/16/2004] [Accepted: 05/20/2004] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Protamine is a well-known excipient in pharmaceutics. It represents a peptide consisting of exclusive aliphatic amino acids, hence it cannot be quantified by UV-spectroscopy (lambdamax 280 nm). A new and sensitive quantification method based on the derivatisation of protamine with ortho-phthaldialdehyde (OPA) in the presents of 2-mercaptoethanol (ME) or N-acetyl-L-cysteine (NAC) in basic aqueous solution using 96-well microtiter plates are introduced in this report. The resulting isoindol derivatives reveal a fluorescence excitation (maximum lambdaex 345 nm) and emission (maximum lambdaem 450 nm) spectra. Derivatives of OPA/NAC reagent were found to be useful for protamine quantification in pharmaceutical nanoparticle preparation containing DNA. A sufficient stability of the isoindol derivatives was shown. It was possible to determine protamine free base, protamine sulphate and protamine chloride with limits of detection less than 1.1 microg/ml.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Dirk Lochmann
- Institute for Pharmaceutical Technology, Johann Wolfgang Goethe University, Marie Curie Strasse 9, D-60439 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
30
|
Cooke M, Leeves N, White C. Time profile of putrescine, cadaverine, indole and skatole in human saliva. Arch Oral Biol 2003; 48:323-7. [PMID: 12663078 DOI: 10.1016/s0003-9969(03)00015-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
The concentrations of putrescine, cadaverine, indole and skatole were determined in the saliva of healthy human volunteers upon waking and at time points during the day. Putrescine was found to be the most abundant of the amines studied, followed by cadaverine then indole. Skatole could not be detected in the saliva samples at any time point. The amines were found in the highest concentrations immediately upon waking (mean concentrations (microg/ml): putrescine 33.0+/-19.0, cadaverine 17.6+/-16.7 and indole 0.4+/-0.4) with a rapid decrease following consumption of breakfast and brushing their teeth (mean concentrations (microg/ml): putrescine 7.0+/-6.4, cadaverine 3.1+/-4.7 and indole 0.04+/-0.09). Putrescine and cadaverine then increased in concentration during the day apart from a decrease post-lunch caused by increased salivary flow and mechanical cleaning due to mastication. An analytical method based on high performance liquid chromatography and fluorescence detection has been developed to quantify amines in human saliva. Sodium fluoride has been shown to be an effective inhibitor of amine formation in saliva at room temperature allowing samples to be collected and kept without requiring cold storage.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- M Cooke
- Centre for Chemical Sciences, Royal Holloway, University of London, Egham, Surrey TW20 OEX, UK.
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
31
|
Teti D, Visalli M, McNair H. Analysis of polyamines as markers of (patho)physiological conditions. J Chromatogr B Analyt Technol Biomed Life Sci 2002; 781:107-49. [PMID: 12450656 DOI: 10.1016/s1570-0232(02)00669-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 98] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
The aliphatic polyamines, putrescine, spermidine and spermine, are normal cell constituents that play important roles in cell proliferation and differentiation. The equilibrium between cellular uptake and release and the balanced activities of biosynthetic and catabolic enzymes of polyamines are essential for normal homeostasis in the proliferation and functions of cells and tissues. However, the intracellular polyamine content increases in hyperplastic or neoplastic growth. Although the involvement of polyamines in physiological and pathological cell proliferation and differentiation has been well established, the role they play is quite different in relation to cell systems and animal models and is dependent on inducer agents and stimuli. Also, the experimental procedures used to deplete polyamines have been shown to influence the cell responses. In this paper, the assay methods currently in use for polyamines are reviewed and compared with respect to sensitivity, reproducibility and applicability to routine analysis. The relevance of polyamine metabolism and the uptake/release process in many physiological and pathological processes is highlighted, and the cellular polyamine pathways are discussed in relation to the possible diagnostic and therapeutic significance of these mediators.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Diana Teti
- Department of Experimental Pathology and Microbiology, Section of Experimental Pathology, Azienda Policlinico Universitario, Torre Biologica, IV piano, Via Consolare Valeria, 98125 Messina, Italy.
| | | | | |
Collapse
|