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Shamszadeh S, Akrami M, Asgary S. Size-dependent bioactivity of electrosprayed core-shell chitosan-alginate particles for protein delivery. Sci Rep 2022; 12:20097. [PMID: 36418917 PMCID: PMC9684514 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-24389-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2022] [Accepted: 11/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Nano-bio interactions are size-dependent. The present study investigates whether core-shell chitosan-alginate particle size governs biological activities as well as protein release profile. A coaxial electrospraying was used to fabricate bovine serum albumin (BSA)-loaded core-shell micro/nanoparticles and were fully characterized. The bio/hemocompatibility of the particles was assessed using MTT and hemolytic assays, respectively, followed by the uptake assessment using flow cytometry. Finally, protein absorption was investigated using SDS-PAGE. The SEM size of the microparticles, the hydrodynamic, and the actual sizes of the nanoparticles were 1.2 μm, 90.49 nm, and 50 nm, respectively. Interactions among two polymers and BSA were observed using DSC analysis. BET analysis showed a more surface area for nanoparticles. A sustained release trend of BSA was observed after 14- and 10-day for microparticles and nanoparticles, respectively. Microparticles exhibited excellent hemocompatibility (< 5% hemolysis) and cell viability (at least > 70%) in all concentrations. However, acceptable hemolytic activity and cell viability were observed for nanoparticles in concentrations below 250 μg/mL. Furthermore, nanoparticles showed greater cellular uptake (~ 4 folds) and protein absorption (~ 1.61 folds) than microparticles. Overall, the developed core-shell chitosan-alginate particles in the micro/nanoscale can be promising candidates for biomedical application and regenerative medicine regarding their effects on above mentioned biological activities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sayna Shamszadeh
- grid.411600.2Iranian Center for Endodontic Research, Research Institute of Dental Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, 1983963113 Iran
| | - Mohammad Akrami
- grid.411705.60000 0001 0166 0922Department of Pharmaceutical Biomaterials and Medical Biomaterials Research Center, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, 1417614411 Iran ,grid.411705.60000 0001 0166 0922Institute of Biomaterials, University of Tehran and Tehran University of Medical Sciences (IBUTUMS), Tehran, Iran
| | - Saeed Asgary
- grid.411600.2Iranian Center for Endodontic Research, Research Institute of Dental Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, 1983963113 Iran
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2
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Preston KB, Randolph TW. Stability of lyophilized and spray dried vaccine formulations. Adv Drug Deliv Rev 2021; 171:50-61. [PMID: 33484735 DOI: 10.1016/j.addr.2021.01.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2020] [Revised: 01/13/2021] [Accepted: 01/14/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Liquid formulations of vaccines are subject to instabilities that result from degradation processes that proceed via a variety of physical and chemical pathways. In dried formulations, such as those prepared by lyophilization or spray drying, many of these degradation pathways may be avoided or inhibited. Thus, the stability of vaccine formulations can be enhanced significantly in the absence of bulk water. Potential advantages of dry vaccine formulations include extended shelf lives and less stringent cold-chain storage requirements, both of which offer possibilities of reduced vaccine wastage and facilitated distribution to resource-poor areas. Lyophilization and spray drying represent the most common methods of stabilizing vaccines through drying. This article reviews several lyophilized and spray dried vaccines that address a diverse set of pathogens, as well as some of the assays used to quantify their stability. Recent dry vaccine trends include needle-free delivery of dry powder via non-parenteral routes of administration and the incorporation of advanced vaccine adjuvants into formulations, which further contribute to the goal of increasing vaccine distribution to resource-poor areas. Challenges associated with development of these newer technologies are also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kendall B Preston
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, CO 80303, United States of America
| | - Theodore W Randolph
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, CO 80303, United States of America.
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Wu P, Wang W, Duan W, Li Y, Hou X. Comprehensive Analysis of the CDPK-SnRK Superfamily Genes in Chinese Cabbage and Its Evolutionary Implications in Plants. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2017; 8:162. [PMID: 28239387 PMCID: PMC5301275 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2017.00162] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2016] [Accepted: 01/25/2017] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
The CDPK-SnRK (calcium-dependent protein kinase/Snf1-related protein kinase) gene superfamily plays important roles in signaling pathways for disease resistance and various stress responses, as indicated by emerging evidence. In this study, we constructed comparative analyses of gene structure, retention, expansion, whole-genome duplication (WGD) and expression patterns of CDPK-SnRK genes in Brassica rapa and their evolution in plants. A total of 49 BrCPKs, 14 BrCRKs, 3 BrPPCKs, 5 BrPEPRKs, and 56 BrSnRKs were identified in B. rapa. All BrCDPK-SnRK proteins had highly conserved kinase domains. By statistical analysis of the number of CDPK-SnRK genes in each species, we found that the expansion of the CDPK-SnRK gene family started from angiosperms. Segmental duplication played a predominant role in CDPK-SnRK gene expansion. The analysis showed that PEPRK was more preferentially retained than other subfamilies and that CPK was retained similarly to SnRK. Among the CPKs and SnRKs, CPKIII and SnRK1 genes were more preferentially retained than other groups. CRK was closest to CPK, which may share a common evolutionary origin. In addition, we identified 196 CPK genes and 252 SnRK genes in 6 species, and their different expansion and evolution types were discovered. Furthermore, the expression of BrCDPK-SnRK genes is dynamic in different tissues as well as in response to abiotic stresses, demonstrating their important roles in development in B. rapa. In summary, this study provides genome-wide insight into the evolutionary history and mechanisms of CDPK-SnRK genes following whole-genome triplication in B. rapa.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peng Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Key Laboratory of Biology and Germplasm Enhancement of Horticultural Crops in East China, Ministry of Agriculture, Nanjing Agricultural UniversityNanjing, China
| | - Wenli Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Key Laboratory of Biology and Germplasm Enhancement of Horticultural Crops in East China, Ministry of Agriculture, Nanjing Agricultural UniversityNanjing, China
| | - Weike Duan
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Key Laboratory of Biology and Germplasm Enhancement of Horticultural Crops in East China, Ministry of Agriculture, Nanjing Agricultural UniversityNanjing, China
- School of Life Science and Food Engineering, Huaiyin Institute of TechnologyHuaian, China
| | - Ying Li
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Key Laboratory of Biology and Germplasm Enhancement of Horticultural Crops in East China, Ministry of Agriculture, Nanjing Agricultural UniversityNanjing, China
| | - Xilin Hou
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Key Laboratory of Biology and Germplasm Enhancement of Horticultural Crops in East China, Ministry of Agriculture, Nanjing Agricultural UniversityNanjing, China
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4
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Pharmaceutical Applications of Electrospraying. J Pharm Sci 2016; 105:2601-2620. [DOI: 10.1016/j.xphs.2016.04.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 105] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2016] [Revised: 04/14/2016] [Accepted: 04/22/2016] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
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5
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Elbaz NM, Khalil IA, Abd-Rabou AA, El-Sherbiny IM. Chitosan-based nano-in-microparticle carriers for enhanced oral delivery and anticancer activity of propolis. Int J Biol Macromol 2016; 92:254-269. [PMID: 27397719 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2016.07.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2016] [Revised: 07/03/2016] [Accepted: 07/06/2016] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
This study reports a promising approach to enhance the oral delivery of propolis, improve its aqueous solubility and bioavailability, and allow its controlled release as well as enhancing its anticancer activity. Propolis was standardized then its solubility was improved via formulation into optimized solid dispersion (SD) matrices, and its release was controlled through incorporation into nanoparticles (NPs) of optimized composition followed by further inclusion into chitosan (Cs) microparticles. The anticancer activity of the newly developed propolis-loaded nano-in-microparticles (NIMs) was evaluated against human liver cancer (HepG2) and human colorectal cancer (HCT 116) cells. The prepared SDs, NPs and NIMs were characterized using SEM, TEM, DLS, FTIR, DSC and UV-vis spectrophotometry. The therapeutic efficiency of formulated propolis was bio-assessed via cytotoxicity measurements, mitochondrial dysfunction, apoptosis-induced cell death and cell cycle arrest. The results demonstrated a considerable enhancement in propolis solubility with a controlled release profile in different GIT environments. In-vitro cytotoxicity studies showed that the propolis-loaded NIMs induce more cytotoxic effect on HepG2 cells than HCT-116 cells and mediated three-fold higher therapeutic efficiency than free propolis. The apoptosis assay indicated that the propolis-loaded NIMs induce apoptosis of HepG2 cells and significantly decrease their number in the proliferative G0/G1, S and G2/M phases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nancy M Elbaz
- Center for Materials Science, University of Science and Technology (UST), Zewail City of Science and Technology, 6th October City, 12588, Giza, Egypt
| | - Islam A Khalil
- Center for Materials Science, University of Science and Technology (UST), Zewail City of Science and Technology, 6th October City, 12588, Giza, Egypt; Department of Pharmaceutical and Industrial Pharmacy, Collage of Pharmacy and Drug Manufacturing, Misr University for Science and Technology (MUST), 12566, Giza, Egypt
| | - Ahmed A Abd-Rabou
- Hormones Department, Medical Research Division, National Research Center, 12622, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Ibrahim M El-Sherbiny
- Center for Materials Science, University of Science and Technology (UST), Zewail City of Science and Technology, 6th October City, 12588, Giza, Egypt.
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Kavas A, Keskin D, Altunbaş K, Tezcaner A. Raloxifene-/raloxifene-poly(ethylene glycol) conjugate-loaded microspheres: A novel strategy for drug delivery to bone forming cells. Int J Pharm 2016; 510:168-83. [PMID: 27343363 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2016.06.053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2016] [Revised: 06/19/2016] [Accepted: 06/21/2016] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Raloxifene (Ral)- or Ral-poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG) conjugate-loaded microspheres were prepared with poly(ε-caprolactone) (PCL) alone or with the blend of PCL and poly(D,L-lactide-co-glycolide) (PLGA) to provide controlled and sustained Ral release systems. Benefits of these formulations were evaluated on bone regeneration. Ral-loaded PCL microspheres had the highest encapsulation efficiency (70.7±5.0%) among all groups owing to high hydrophobic natures of both Ral and PCL. Cumulative amount of Ral released from Ral-PEG (1:2) conjugate-loaded PCL:PLGA (1:1) microspheres (26.9±8.8%) after 60days was significantly higher relative to other microsphere groups. This finding can be ascribed to two factors: i) Ral-PEG conjugation, resulting in increased water-solubility of Ral and increased degradation rates of PCL and PLGA with enhanced water penetration into the polymer matrix, and ii) usage of PLGA besides PCL in the carrier composition to benefit from less hydrophobic and faster degradable nature of PLGA in comparison to PCL. In vitro cytotoxicity studies performed using adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells (ASCs) demonstrated that all microspheres were non-toxic. Evaluation of intensities of Alizarin red S staining conducted after 7 and 14days of incubation of ASCs in the release media of the different microsphere groups was performed with Image J analysis software. At day 7, it was observed that the matrix deposited by the cells cultivated in the release medium of Ral-PEG (1:2) conjugate-loaded PCL:PLGA (1:1) microspheres had significantly higher mineral content (26.78±6.23%) than that of the matrix deposited by the cells cultivated in the release media of the other microsphere groups except Ral-loaded PCL:PLGA (1:1) microsphere group. At day 14, Ral release from Ral-PEG (1:2) conjugate-loaded PCL:PLGA (1:1) microsphere group resulted with significantly higher mineralization of the matrix (32.31±1.85%) deposited by ASCs in comparison to all other microsphere groups. Alizarin red S staining results eventuated in parallel with the release results. Thus, it can be suggested that Ral-PEG (1:2) conjugate-loaded PCL:PLGA (1:1) microsphere formulation has a potential as an effective controlled drug delivery system for bone regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ayşegül Kavas
- Department of Engineering Sciences, Middle East Technical University, Ankara 06800, Turkey
| | - Dilek Keskin
- Department of Engineering Sciences, Middle East Technical University, Ankara 06800, Turkey; BIOMATEN, Center of Excellence in Biomaterials and Tissue Engineering, Middle East Technical University, Ankara 06800, Turkey
| | - Korhan Altunbaş
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Afyon Kocatepe University, Afyonkarahisar 03200, Turkey
| | - Ayşen Tezcaner
- Department of Engineering Sciences, Middle East Technical University, Ankara 06800, Turkey; BIOMATEN, Center of Excellence in Biomaterials and Tissue Engineering, Middle East Technical University, Ankara 06800, Turkey.
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7
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Alipour S, Montaseri H, Tafaghodi M. Inhalable, large porous PLGA microparticles loaded with paclitaxel: preparation, in vitro and in vivo characterization. J Microencapsul 2015; 32:661-8. [PMID: 26415914 DOI: 10.3109/02652048.2014.944949] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
Large porous particles (LPPs) could be used as a useful carrier for non-invasive delivery to the deep lung. Pulmonary delivery of paclitaxel-loaded LPPs (PTX-LPPs) can help to eliminate the highly complicated and harmful solvent used in PTX parenteral formulations. PTX-LPPs with mass median aerodynamic diameter (MMAD) of 5.74 ± 0.09 μm, high encapsulation efficiency and good aerosolisation properties were produced using ammonium bicarbonate as porogen. Cytotoxicity of PTX-LPPs on A549 and Calu-6 cell lines was comparable with Free-PTX. Endotracheal administration of PTX-LPPs in rats exhibited PTX plasma concentration in the therapeutic range which lasted 4-fold longer than i.v. injection. The bioavailability was measured as 51 ± 7.1%. The lung targeting efficiency (Te) of PTX-LPPs was 11.9-fold higher than i.v. administration. PTX-LPPs could deliver a higher PTX to lung with a non-toxic plasma level in a longer duration which shows their pulmonary delivery suitability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shohreh Alipour
- a Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy , Shiraz University of Medical Sciences , Shiraz , Iran
| | - Hashem Montaseri
- a Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy , Shiraz University of Medical Sciences , Shiraz , Iran
| | - Mohsen Tafaghodi
- b Nanotechnology Research Center and.,c School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences , Mashhad , Iran
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8
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Prajapati VD, Jani GK, Kapadia JR. Current knowledge on biodegradable microspheres in drug delivery. Expert Opin Drug Deliv 2015; 12:1283-99. [DOI: 10.1517/17425247.2015.1015985] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
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9
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Durán N, De Oliveira AF, De Azevedo MMM. In VitroStudies on the Release of Isoniazid Incorporated in Poly(ε-Caprolactone). J Chemother 2013; 18:473-9. [PMID: 17127222 DOI: 10.1179/joc.2006.18.5.473] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/31/2022]
Abstract
A polymeric micro- and nanosphere formulation using poly (epsilon-caprolactone) (PCL) to entrap an antituberculosis drug, isoniazid (INH), was developed and characterized. The microspheres were prepared by a solvent evaporation method using ethyl acetate, PCL and INH as the organic phase and water and Tween 40 as the aqueous phase. The nanospheres were prepared by a spontaneous emulsification solvent diffusion method using 40% ethanol in acetone (v/v), PCL and INH as the organic phase and water and Tween 40 as the aqueous phase. After freeze-drying, these systems were characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), particle size analysis, determination of entrapped INH content, in vitro INH release and brine shrimp toxicity bioassay.
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Affiliation(s)
- N Durán
- Instituto de Química, Biological Chemistry Laboratory, Universidade Estadual de Campinas, C.P. 6159, Campinas CEP 13083-970, S.P., Brazil.
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10
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Preparation of porous microsphere-scaffolds by electrohydrodynamic forming and thermally induced phase separation. MATERIALS SCIENCE & ENGINEERING. C, MATERIALS FOR BIOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS 2013; 33:2488-98. [DOI: 10.1016/j.msec.2012.12.098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2012] [Revised: 12/20/2012] [Accepted: 12/22/2012] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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11
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Preparation and characterization of PLGA microspheres by the electrospraying method for delivering simvastatin for bone regeneration. Int J Pharm 2013; 443:87-94. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2012.12.037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 111] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2012] [Revised: 11/20/2012] [Accepted: 12/24/2012] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
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12
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Desai KGH, Schwendeman SP. Active self-healing encapsulation of vaccine antigens in PLGA microspheres. J Control Release 2013; 165:62-74. [PMID: 23103983 PMCID: PMC3888863 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2012.10.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 75] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2012] [Revised: 10/10/2012] [Accepted: 10/17/2012] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Herein, we describe the detailed development of a simple and effective method to microencapsulate vaccine antigens in poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA) by simple mixing of preformed active self-microencapsulating (SM) PLGA microspheres in a low concentration aqueous antigen solution at modest temperature (10-38 °C). Co-encapsulating protein-sorbing vaccine adjuvants and polymer plasticizers were used to "actively" load the protein in the polymer pores and facilitate polymer self-healing at a temperature>the hydrated polymer glass transition temperature, respectively. The microsphere formulation parameters and loading conditions to provide optimal active self-healing microencapsulation of vaccine antigens in PLGA was investigated. Active self-healing encapsulation of two antigens, ovalbumin and tetanus toxoid (TT), in PLGA microspheres was adjusted by preparing blank microspheres containing different vaccine adjuvants (aluminum hydroxide (Al(OH)₃) or calcium phosphate). Active loading of vaccine antigen in Al(OH)₃-PLGA microspheres was found to: a) increase with an increasing loading of Al(OH)₃ (0.88-3 wt.%) and addition of porosigen, b) decrease when the inner Al(OH)₃/trehalose phase to 1 mL outer oil phase and size of microspheres was respectively >0.2 mL and 63 μm, and c) change negligibly by PLGA concentration and initial incubation (loading) temperature. Encapsulation of protein sorbing Al(OH)₃ in PLGA microspheres resulted in suppression of self-healing of PLGA pores, which was then overcome by improving polymer chain mobility, which in turn was accomplished by coincorporating hydrophobic plasticizers in PLGA. Active self-healing microencapsulation of manufacturing process-labile TT in PLGA was found to: a) obviate micronization- and organic solvent-induced TT degradation, b) improve antigen loading (1.4-1.8 wt.% TT) and encapsulation efficiency (~97%), c) provide nearly homogeneous distribution and stabilization of antigen in polymer, and d) provide improved in vitro controlled release of antigenic TT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kashappa-Goud H. Desai
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Michigan, 428 Church St., Ann Arbor, MI, 48109-1065, USA
| | - Steven P. Schwendeman
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Michigan, 428 Church St., Ann Arbor, MI, 48109-1065, USA
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13
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Rodrigues MA, Figueiredo L, Padrela L, Cadete A, Tiago J, Matos HA, Azevedo EGD, Florindo HF, Gonçalves LM, Almeida AJ. Development of a novel mucosal vaccine against strangles by supercritical enhanced atomization spray-drying of Streptococcus equi extracts and evaluation in a mouse model. Eur J Pharm Biopharm 2012; 82:392-400. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejpb.2012.07.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2012] [Revised: 07/04/2012] [Accepted: 07/09/2012] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
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14
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López-Gasco P, Iglesias I, Benedí J, Lozano R, Teijón JM, Blanco MD. Paclitaxel-loaded polyester nanoparticles prepared by spray-drying technology: in vitro bioactivity evaluation. J Microencapsul 2012; 28:417-29. [PMID: 21736526 DOI: 10.3109/02652048.2011.576785] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
Paclitaxel (PTX), an antimicrotubular agent used in the treatment of ovarian and breast cancer, was encapsulated in nanoparticles (NPs) of poly(lactide-co-glycolide) (PLGA) and poly(ε-caprolactone) (PCL) polymers using the spray-drying technique. Morphology, size distribution, drug encapsulation efficiency, thermal degradation and drug release were characterized. MCF7 cells were employed to evaluate the efficacy of the systems on cell cycle and cytotoxicity. The particle size was in the range 0.8-1 µm. The incorporation efficiency of PTX was more than 80% in all NPs obtained. In vitro drug release took place during 35 days, and drug release rates were in the order PCL > PLGA 50:50 > PLGA 75:25. Unloaded NPs showed to be cytocompatible at MCF7 cells. PTX-loaded NPs demonstrated the release of the drug block cells in the G2/M phase. All PTX-loaded formulations showed their efficacy in killing MCF7 cells, mainly PTX-loaded PLGA 50:50 and PLGA 75:25 that cause a decrease in cell viability lower than 20%.
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Affiliation(s)
- P López-Gasco
- Facultad de Farmacia, Departamento de Farmacología, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
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15
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El-Sherbiny IM, Smyth HDC. Controlled release pulmonary administration of curcumin using swellable biocompatible microparticles. Mol Pharm 2011; 9:269-80. [PMID: 22136259 DOI: 10.1021/mp200351y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 86] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
This study involves a promising approach to achieve sustained pulmonary drug delivery. Dry powder particulate carriers were engineered to allow simultaneous aerosol lung delivery, evasion of macrophage uptake, and sustained drug release through a controlled polymeric architecture. Chitosan grafted with PEG was synthesized and characterized (FTIR, EA, DSC and 2D-XRD). Then, a series of respirable amphiphilic hydrogel microparticles were developed via spray drying of curcumin-loaded PLGA nanoparticles with chitosan-grafted-PEG or chitosan. The nanoparticles and microparticles were fully characterized using an array of physicochemical analytical methods including particle size, surface morphology, dynamic swelling, density, moisture content and biodegradation rates. The PLGA nanoparticles and the hydrogel microspheres encapsulating the curcumin-loaded PLGA nanoparticles showed average size of 221-243 nm and 3.1-3.9 μm, respectively. The developed carriers attained high swelling within a few minutes and showed low moisture content as dry powders (0.9-1.8%), desirable biodegradation rates, high drug loading (up to 97%), and good sustained release. An aerosolization study was conducted using a next generation impactor, and promising aerosolization characteristics were shown. In vitro macrophage uptake studies, cytotoxicity and in vitro TNF-α assays were performed for the investigated particles. These assays revealed promising biointeractions for the respirable/swellable nano-micro particles developed in this study as potential carriers for sustained pulmonary drug delivery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ibrahim M El-Sherbiny
- Polymer Laboratory, Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Mansoura University, ET-35516 Mansoura, Egypt
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16
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Fenández A, Teijón C, Benito M, Iglesias I, Lozano R, Teijón JM, Blanco MD. Tamoxifen-loaded microspheres based on mixtures of poly(D,L-lactide-co-glycolide) and poly(D,L-lactide) polymers: Effect of polymeric composition on drug release and in vitro antitumoral activity. J Appl Polym Sci 2011. [DOI: 10.1002/app.35327] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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17
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Bowey K, Neufeld RJ. Systemic and mucosal delivery of drugs within polymeric microparticles produced by spray drying. BioDrugs 2011; 24:359-77. [PMID: 21043544 DOI: 10.2165/11539070-000000000-00000] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Encapsulation of therapeutic and diagnostic materials into polymeric particles is a means to protect and control or target the release of active substances such as drugs, vaccines, and genetic material. In terms of mucosal delivery, polymeric encapsulation can be used to promote absorption of the active substance, while particles can improve the half-life of drugs administered systemically. Spray drying is an attractive technology used to produce such microparticles, because it combines both the encapsulation and drying steps in a rapid, single-step operation. Even so, spray drying is not classically associated with processes used for drug and therapeutic material encapsulation, since elevated temperatures could potentially denature the active substance. However, a comprehensive review of the literature revealed a number of studies demonstrating that spray drying can be used to produce microparticulate formulations with labile therapeutics. Polymers commonly employed include synthetics such as methacrylic copolymers and polyesters, and natural materials including chitosan and alginate. Drugs and active substances are diverse and included antibiotics, anti-inflammatory agents, and chemotherapeutics. Regarding the delivery of spray-dried particles, the pulmonary, oral, colonic, and nasal mucosal routes are often investigated because they offer a convenient means of administration, which promotes physician and patient compliance. In addition, spray drying has been widely used to produce polymeric microparticles for systemic delivery in order to control the delivery of drugs, vaccines, or genetic material that may exhibit poor pharmacokinetic profiles or pose toxicity concerns. This review presents a brief introduction to the technology of spray drying and outlines the delivery routes and the applications of spray-dried polymeric microparticles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kristen Bowey
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Queen's University, Kingston, Ontario, Canada
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18
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Ren F, Jing Q, Cui J, Shen Y. Synthesis and Characterization of D-α-Tocopheryl Polyethylene Glycol 1000 Succinate-Block-Poly (ε-caprolactone) Copolymer Used as Carriers for Microparticles. J DISPER SCI TECHNOL 2009. [DOI: 10.1080/01932690802701507] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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Ostacolo L, Russo P, De Rosa G, La Rotonda MI, Maglio G, Nese G, Spagnuolo G, Rengo S, Oliva A, Quaglia F. Poly(ether ester amide) Microspheres for Protein Delivery: Influence of Copolymer Composition on Technological and Biological Properties. Macromol Biosci 2008; 8:682-9. [DOI: 10.1002/mabi.200700303] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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20
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Fourie PB, Germishuizen WA, Wong YL, Edwards DA. Spray drying TB vaccines for pulmonary administration. Expert Opin Biol Ther 2008; 8:857-63. [DOI: 10.1517/14712598.8.7.857] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
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21
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Beck RCR, Lionzo MIZ, Costa TMH, Benvenutti EV, Ré MI, Gallas MR, Pohlmann AR, Guterres SS. Surface morphology of spray-dried nanoparticle-coated microparticles designed as an oral drug delivery system. BRAZILIAN JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL ENGINEERING 2008. [DOI: 10.1590/s0104-66322008000200016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - M. I. Ré
- Instituto de Pesquisas Tecnológicas do Estado de São Paulo, Brazil
| | - M. R. Gallas
- Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - A. R. Pohlmann
- Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil; Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
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22
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Manca ML, Mourtas S, Dracopoulos V, Fadda AM, Antimisiaris SG. PLGA, chitosan or chitosan-coated PLGA microparticles for alveolar delivery? Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces 2008; 62:220-31. [DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfb.2007.10.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2007] [Revised: 10/01/2007] [Accepted: 10/06/2007] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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Abstract
This review covers recent developments in the area of particle engineering via spray drying. The last decade has seen a shift from empirical formulation efforts to an engineering approach based on a better understanding of particle formation in the spray drying process. Microparticles with nanoscale substructures can now be designed and their functionality has contributed significantly to stability and efficacy of the particulate dosage form. The review provides concepts and a theoretical framework for particle design calculations. It reviews experimental research into parameters that influence particle formation. A classification based on dimensionless numbers is presented that can be used to estimate how excipient properties in combination with process parameters influence the morphology of the engineered particles. A wide range of pharmaceutical application examples—low density particles, composite particles, microencapsulation, and glass stabilization—is discussed, with specific emphasis on the underlying particle formation mechanisms and design concepts.
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Gamazo C, Prior S, Concepción Lecároz M, Vitas AI, Campanero MA, Pérez G, Gonzalez D, Blanco-Prieto MJ. Biodegradable gentamicin delivery systems for parenteral use for the treatment of intracellular bacterial infections. Expert Opin Drug Deliv 2007; 4:677-88. [DOI: 10.1517/17425247.4.6.677] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
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25
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Thompson CJ, Hansford D, Higgins S, Hutcheon GA, Rostron C, Munday DL. Enzymatic synthesis and evaluation of new novel omega-pentadecalactone polymers for the production of biodegradable microspheres. J Microencapsul 2007; 23:213-26. [PMID: 16754377 DOI: 10.1080/02652040500444123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
Two novel co-polymers based on omega-pentadecalactone were enzymatically synthesized by a combination of ring-opening polymerization and polycondensation. Modified literature procedures enabled the production of the semi-crystalline materials with suitable molecular weights and melting characteristics. Microspheres were produced using an emulsion solvent evaporation method over a range of variables including manufacturing temperature, stirring speed and duration, surfactant concentration, continuous and disperse phase volume and polymer amount to establish how each variable affected the morphological characteristics of the microspheres. Results demonstrated that changes in emulsion viscosity influenced microsphere size. For polymer SH-L333, the microsphere surface was either smooth or porous depending on the manufacturing temperature used. For polymer SH-L334 the microsphere surface was rough or porous regardless of manufacturing temperature. This was possibly due to several combined factors including molecular weight and the greater hydrophilic nature of SH-L334. These new polymers have the potential for the manufacture of drug-loaded biodegradable microspheres for modified release drug delivery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Colin J Thompson
- School of Pharmacy, The Robert Gordon University, Aberdeen, Scotland, UK
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26
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Leo E, Ruozi B, Tosi G, Vandelli MA. PLA-microparticles formulated by means a thermoreversible gel able to modify protein encapsulation and release without being co-encapsulated. Int J Pharm 2006; 323:131-8. [PMID: 16815657 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2006.05.047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2006] [Revised: 05/18/2006] [Accepted: 05/24/2006] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
The aim of this work was to develop a novel strategy for the formulation of biodegradable PLA microspheres as delivery systems for proteins or peptides. The strategy is based on the exploitation of the gel-sol transition of the thermoreversible Pluronic F127 gel. The gel allows the formation of the particles without be co-entrapped in the matrix. The microspheres prepared using the novel technique (TG-Ms, or thermoreversible gel-method microspheres) were characterized in vitro (as concerns the size, the morphology, the protein encapsulation, the release and the protein distribution in the polymer matrix), in comparison with microspheres prepared using the classical double emulsion/solvent evaporation method (w/o/w-Ms). Two types of bovine serum albumin (BSA), with different water solubility, were used as model proteins. TG-Ms exhibited small size (7-50 m) and high protein content (8.6%, w/w) regardless of the BSA water solubility, in contrast with w/o/w-Ms, which revealed a size range of 100-130 microm and a protein content related to the BSA water solubility. TG-Ms, in spite of their smaller size respect of the w/o/w-Ms, displayed a reduced initial burst effect and a higher rate in the second release phase that resulted in a quasi-constant profile. The release behavior of the TG-Ms may be attributable to both the localization of the protein in the particle core, as shown by the confocal laser scanning microscopy analysis on labeled-BSA loaded microspheres, and the few pores in the matrix, as shown by the scanning electron microscopy. A working hypothesis about the mechanism of the particle formation was also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eliana Leo
- Department of Pharmaceutical Science, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Via Campi, 183, Modena 41100, Italy
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27
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Affiliation(s)
- S J Cutler
- Bacterial Zoonoses, Statutory and Exotic Bacterial Diseases, Veterinary Laboratories Agency, Surrey KT15 3NB, UK.
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28
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Biodegradable polymers for microencapsulation of drugs. Molecules 2005; 10:146-61. [PMID: 18007283 PMCID: PMC6147704 DOI: 10.3390/10010146] [Citation(s) in RCA: 219] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2004] [Accepted: 07/01/2004] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Drug delivery has become increasingly important mainly due to the awareness of the difficulties associated with a variety of old and new drugs. Of the many polymeric drug delivery systems, biodegradable polymers have been used widely as drug delivery systems because of their biocompatibility and biodegradability. The majority of biodegradable polymers have been used in the form of microparticles, from which the incorporated drug is released to the environment in a controlled manner. The factors responsible for controlling the drug release rate are physicochemical properties of drugs, degradation rate of polymers, and the morphology and size of microparticles. This review discusses the conventional and recent technologies for microencapsulation of the drugs using biodegradable polymers. In addition, this review presents characteristics and degradation behaviors of biodegradable polymers which are currently used in drug delivery.
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Sinha VR, Bansal K, Kaushik R, Kumria R, Trehan A. Poly-epsilon-caprolactone microspheres and nanospheres: an overview. Int J Pharm 2004; 278:1-23. [PMID: 15158945 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2004.01.044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 681] [Impact Index Per Article: 34.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2002] [Revised: 01/19/2004] [Accepted: 01/27/2004] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Poly-epsilon-caprolactone (PCL) is a biodegradable, biocompatible and semicrystalline polymer having a very low glass transition temperature. Due to its slow degradation, PCL is ideally suitable for long-term delivery extending over a period of more than one year. This has led to its application in the preparation of different delivery systems in the form of microspheres, nanospheres and implants. Various categories of drugs have been encapsulated in PCL for targeted drug delivery and for controlled drug release. Microspheres of PCL either alone or of PCL copolymers have been prepared to obtain the drug release characteristics. This article reviews the advancements made in PCL-based microspheres and nanospheres with special reference to the method of preparation of these and their suitability in developing effective delivery systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- V R Sinha
- University Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Panjab University, Chandigarh 160014, India.
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30
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Mair M. Publications of Interest. Biosecur Bioterror 2003. [DOI: 10.1089/15387130360514869] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Michael Mair
- Center for Civilian Biodefense Strategies, Johns Hopkins University
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