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Tariq S, Rahim F, Ullah H, Sarfraz M, Hussain R, Khan S, Khan MU, Rehman W, Hussain A, Bhat MA, Farooqi MK, Shah SAA, Iqbal N. Synthesis, In Vitro Biological Evaluation and Molecular Modeling of Benzimidazole-Based Pyrrole/Piperidine Hybrids Derivatives as Potential Anti-Alzheimer Agents. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2024; 17:410. [PMID: 38675373 PMCID: PMC11053857 DOI: 10.3390/ph17040410] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2024] [Revised: 03/15/2024] [Accepted: 03/20/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Benzimidazole-based pyrrole/piperidine analogs (1-26) were synthesized and then screened for their acetylcholinesterase and butyrylcholinesterase activities. All the analogs showed good to moderate cholinesterase activities. Synthesized compounds (1-13) were screened in cholinesterase enzyme inhibition assays and showed AChE activities in the range of IC50 = 19.44 ± 0.60 µM to 36.05 ± 0.4 µM against allanzanthane (IC50 = 16.11 ± 0.33 µM) and galantamine (IC50 = 19.34 ± 0.62 µM) and varied BuChE inhibitory activities, with IC50 values in the range of 21.57 ± 0.61 µM to 39.55 ± 0.03 µM as compared with standard allanzanthane (IC50 = 18.14 ± 0.05 µM) and galantamine (IC50 = 21.45 ± 0.21 µM). Similarly, synthesized compounds (14-26) were also subjected to tests to determine their in vitro AChE inhibitory activities, and the results obtained corroborated that all the compounds showed varied activities in the range of IC50 = 22.07 ± 0.13 to 42.01 ± 0.02 µM as compared to allanzanthane (IC50 = 20.01 ± 0.12 µM) and galantamine (IC50 = 18.05 ± 0.31 µM) and varied BuChE inhibitory activities, with IC50 values in the range of 26.32 ± 0.13 to 47.03 ± 0.15 µM as compared to standard allanzanthane (IC50 = 18.14 ± 0.05 µM) and galantamine (IC50 = 21.45 ± 0.21 µM). Binding interactions of the most potent analogs were confirmed through molecular docking studies. The active analogs 2, 4, 10 and 13 established numerous interactions with the active sites of targeted enzymes, with docking scores of -10.50, -9.3, -7.73 and -7.8 for AChE and -8.97, -8.2, -8.20 and -7.6 for BuChE, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sundas Tariq
- Department of Chemistry, Hazara University, Mansehra 21120, Pakistan; (S.T.); (R.H.); (W.R.)
| | - Fazal Rahim
- Department of Chemistry, Hazara University, Mansehra 21120, Pakistan; (S.T.); (R.H.); (W.R.)
| | - Hayat Ullah
- Institute of Chemistry, University of Okara, Okara 56130, Pakistan;
| | - Maliha Sarfraz
- Department of Zoology, Wildlife and Fisheries, University of Agriculture Faisalabad, Sub-Campus Toba Tek Singh, Toba Tek Singh 36080, Pakistan;
| | - Rafaqat Hussain
- Department of Chemistry, Hazara University, Mansehra 21120, Pakistan; (S.T.); (R.H.); (W.R.)
| | - Shoaib Khan
- Department of Chemistry, Abbottabad University of Science and Technology, Abbottabad 22500, Pakistan;
| | - Misbah Ullah Khan
- Center for Nanosciences, University of Okara, Okara 56130, Pakistan;
| | - Wajid Rehman
- Department of Chemistry, Hazara University, Mansehra 21120, Pakistan; (S.T.); (R.H.); (W.R.)
| | - Amjad Hussain
- Institute of Chemistry, University of Okara, Okara 56130, Pakistan;
| | - Mashooq Ahmad Bhat
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Muhammad Kamran Farooqi
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Material Chemistry and Service Failure, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1037 Luoyu Road, Hongshan District, Wuhan 430074, China;
| | - Syed Adnan Ali Shah
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Universiti Teknologi MARA Cawangan Selangor Kampus Puncak Alam, Bandar Puncak Alam 42300, Selangor, Malaysia;
- Atta-ur-Rahman Institute for Natural Product Discovery (AuRIns), Universiti Teknologi MARA Cawangan Selangor Kampus Puncak Alam, Bandar Puncak Alam 42300, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Naveed Iqbal
- Department of Chemistry, University of Poonch, Rawalakot 12350, Pakistan;
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Homoud ZA, Taha M, Rahim F, Iqbal N, Nawaz M, Farooq RK, Wadood A, Alomari M, Islam I, Algheribe S, Rehman AU, Khan KM, Uddin N. Synthesis of indole derivatives as Alzheimer inhibitors and their molecular docking study. J Biomol Struct Dyn 2023; 41:9865-9878. [PMID: 36404604 DOI: 10.1080/07391102.2022.2148126] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2022] [Accepted: 11/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Acetylcholinesterase prevails in the healthy brain, with butyrylcholinesterase reflected to play a minor role in regulating brain acetylcholine (ACh) levels. However, BuChE activity gradually increases in patients with (AD), while AChE activity remains unaffected or decays. Both enzymes therefore represent legitimate therapeutic targets for ameliorating the cholinergic deficit considered to be responsible for the declines in cognitive, behavioural, and global functioning characteristic of AD. Current study described the synthesis of indole-based sulfonamide derivatives (1-23) and their biological activity. Synthesis of these scaffolds were achieved by mixing chloro-substituted indole bearing amine group with various substituted benzene sulfonyl chloride in pyridine, under refluxed condition to obtained desired products. All products were then evaluated for AchE and BuchE inhibitory potential compare with positive Donepezil as standard drug for both AchE and BchE having IC50 = 0.016 ± 0.12 and 0.30 ± 0.010 μM respectively. In this regard analog 9 was found potent having IC50 value 0.15 ± 0.050 μM and 0.20 ± 0.10 for both AchE and BuChE respectively. All other derivatives also found with better potential. All compounds were characterized by various techniques such as 1H, 13C-NMR and HREI-MS. In addition, biological activity was maintained to explore the bioactive nature of scaffolds and their protein-ligand interaction (PLI) was checked through molecular docking study.Communicated by Ramaswamy H. Sarma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zahra Abdulkarim Homoud
- Mawhiba Research Enrichment Program-2021, King Abdulaziz and His Companions Foundation for Giftedness and Creativity, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Institute for Research and Medical Consultations (IRMC), Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam, Saudi Arabia
| | - Muhammad Taha
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Institute for Research and Medical Consultations (IRMC), Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam, Saudi Arabia
| | - Fazal Rahim
- Department of Chemistry, Hazara University, Mansehra, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan
| | - Naveed Iqbal
- Department of Chemistry, University of Poonch, Rawalakot, AJK, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Nawaz
- Department of Nano-Medicine Research, Institute for Research and Medical Consultations (IRMC), Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam, Saudi Arabia
| | - Rai Khalid Farooq
- Department of Neuroscience Research, Institute for Research and Medical Consultations (IRMC), Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdul Wadood
- Department of Biochemistry, Abdul Wali Khan University Mardan, Mardan, Pakistan
| | - Munther Alomari
- Medical Laboratory Science, Faculty of Health Science, Abu Dhabi Women's College, Higher Colleges of Technology, Abu Dhabi, UAE
| | - Imadul Islam
- Medical Research Core Facility and Platforms, King Abdullah International Medical Research Center (KAIMRC), Ministry of National Guard Health Affairs, Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Shatha Algheribe
- King Saud bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ashfaq Ur Rehman
- Department of Biochemistry, Abdul Wali Khan University Mardan, Mardan, Pakistan
| | - Khalid Mohammed Khan
- H. E. J. Research Institute of Chemistry, International Center for Chemical and Biological Sciences, University of Karachi, Karachi, Pakistan
| | - Nizam Uddin
- Department of Chemistry, University of Karachi, Karachi, Pakistan
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3
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Synthesis, in Vitro Bio-evaluation, and Molecular Docking Study of Thiosemicarbazone-based Isatin/bis-Schiff base Hybrid Analogues as Effective Cholinesterase Inhibitors. J Mol Struct 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molstruc.2023.135351] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/16/2023]
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Sánchez-Nieto D, Castaño-Castaño S, Navarro-Martos R, Obrero-Gaitán E, Cortés-Pérez I, Nieto-Escamez F. An Intervention on Anxiety Symptoms in Moderate Alzheimer's Disease through Virtual Reality: A Feasibility Study and Lessons Learned. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2023; 20:ijerph20032727. [PMID: 36768091 PMCID: PMC9915234 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph20032727] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2022] [Revised: 01/31/2023] [Accepted: 02/01/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
(1) Background: Although cognitive impairment is considered the core deficit of dementia, anxiety disorders also have a negative influence on the social and daily life of the affected population. We have explored the exposure of relaxing scenarios in immersive Virtual Reality (iVR) as an intervention strategy for people with moderate Alzheimer's disease. (2) Methods: Three participants were recruited from a day center to participate in a five-week study, which included a Pre- and Post-evaluation with the Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA), Neuropsychiatric Inventory-Questionnaire (NPI-Q), Clinical Dementia Rating Scale (CDR), Global Deterioration Scale (GDS), Hamilton Anxiety Rating Scale (HARS), State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI), and the anxiety subdomain of the Neuropsychiatric Inventory (NPI). Participants' heart rate, oxygen saturation, arterial pressure, and respiratory rate were also monitored during intervention sessions. Three virtual scenarios from Nature Treks VR were used as the intervention over three weeks (a total of nine sessions). (3) Results: Post-intervention anxiety assessment showed a light reduction in psychological anxiety in the HARS questionnaire. A light reduction in heart rate was also observed during the exposure to iVR. (4) Discussion: The use of virtual scenarios was a satisfactory experience for all the participants. Preliminary data point to a relaxing effect of iVR scenarios and a potential reduction in psychological anxiety, but further research is required to confirm the efficacy of the intervention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Desirée Sánchez-Nieto
- VIVALDI Day Stay Unit, Avda. Reino de España 184, Roquetas de Mar, 04740 Almería, Spain
| | | | - Remedios Navarro-Martos
- Department Psychology, University of Almería, Carretera del Sacramento S/N, 04120 Almería, Spain
| | - Esteban Obrero-Gaitán
- Department Health Sciences, University of Jaén, Campus Las Lagunillas S/N, 23071 Jaén, Spain
| | - Irene Cortés-Pérez
- Department Health Sciences, University of Jaén, Campus Las Lagunillas S/N, 23071 Jaén, Spain
| | - Francisco Nieto-Escamez
- Department Psychology, University of Almería, Carretera del Sacramento S/N, 04120 Almería, Spain
- Center for Neuropsychological Assessment and Rehabilitation (CERNEP), University of Almería, Carretera del Sacramento S/N, 04120 Almería, Spain
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5
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Synthesis, DFT Studies, Molecular Docking and Biological Activity Evaluation of Thiazole-Sulfonamide Derivatives as Potent Alzheimer's Inhibitors. MOLECULES (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 28:molecules28020559. [PMID: 36677616 PMCID: PMC9860845 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28020559] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2022] [Revised: 11/18/2022] [Accepted: 12/30/2022] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease is a major public brain condition that has resulted in many deaths, as revealed by the World Health Organization (WHO). Conventional Alzheimer's treatments such as chemotherapy, surgery, and radiotherapy are not very effective and are usually associated with several adverse effects. Therefore, it is necessary to find a new therapeutic approach that completely treats Alzheimer's disease without many side effects. In this research project, we report the synthesis and biological activities of some new thiazole-bearing sulfonamide analogs (1-21) as potent anti-Alzheimer's agents. Suitable characterization techniques were employed, and the density functional theory (DFT) computational approach, as well as in-silico molecular modeling, has been employed to assess the electronic properties and anti-Alzheimer's potency of the analogs. All analogs exhibited a varied degree of inhibitory potential, but analog 1 was found to have excellent potency (IC50 = 0.10 ± 0.05 µM for AChE) and (IC50 = 0.20 ± 0.050 µM for BuChE) as compared to the reference drug donepezil (IC50 = 2.16 ± 0.12 µM and 4.5 ± 0.11 µM). The structure-activity relationship was established, and it mainly depends upon the nature, position, number, and electron-donating/-withdrawing effects of the substituent/s on the phenyl rings.
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6
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Rahim F, Ullah H, Taha M, Hussain R, Sarfraz M, Iqbal R, Iqbal N, Khan S, Ali Shah SA, Albalawi MA, Abdelaziz MA, Alatawi FS, Alasmari A, Sakran MI, Zidan N, Jafri I, Khan KM. Synthesis of New Triazole-Based Thiosemicarbazone Derivatives as Anti-Alzheimer's Disease Candidates: Evidence-Based In Vitro Study. MOLECULES (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 28:molecules28010021. [PMID: 36615218 PMCID: PMC9821906 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28010021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2022] [Revised: 11/27/2022] [Accepted: 12/08/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Triazole-based thiosemicarbazone derivatives (6a-u) were synthesized then characterized by spectroscopic techniques, such as 1HNMR and 13CNMR and HRMS (ESI). Newly synthesized derivatives were screened in vitro for inhibitory activity against acetylcholinesterase (AChE) and butyrylcholinesterase (BuChE) enzymes. All derivatives (except 6c and 6d, which were found to be completely inactive) demonstrated moderate to good inhibitory effects ranging from 0.10 ± 0.050 to 12.20 ± 0.30 µM (for AChE) and 0.20 ± 0.10 to 14.10 ± 0.40 µM (for BuChE). The analogue 6i (IC50 = 0.10 ± 0.050 for AChE and IC50 = 0.20 ± 0.050 µM for BuChE), which had di-substitutions (2-nitro, 3-hydroxy groups) at ring B and tri-substitutions (2-nitro, 4,5-dichloro groups) at ring C, and analogue 6b (IC50 = 0.20 ± 0.10 µM for AChE and IC50 = 0.30 ± 0.10 µM for BuChE), which had di-Cl at 4,5, -NO2 groups at 2-position of phenyl ring B and hydroxy group at ortho-position of phenyl ring C, emerged as the most potent inhibitors of both targeted enzymes (AChE and BuChE) among the current series. A structure-activity relationship (SAR) was developed based on nature, position, number, electron donating/withdrawing effects of substitution/s on phenyl rings. Molecular docking studies were used to describe binding interactions of the most active inhibitors with active sites of AChE and BuChE.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fazal Rahim
- Department of Chemistry, Hazara University, Mansehra 21120, Pakistan
- Correspondence: (F.R.); (H.U.)
| | - Hayat Ullah
- Department of Chemistry, University of Okara, Okara 56130, Pakistan
- Correspondence: (F.R.); (H.U.)
| | - Muhammad Taha
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Institute for Research and Medical Consultations (IRMC), Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam 31441, Saudi Arabia
| | - Rafaqat Hussain
- Department of Chemistry, Hazara University, Mansehra 21120, Pakistan
| | - Maliha Sarfraz
- Department of Zoology, Wildlife and Fisheries, Sub-Campus Toba Tek Singh, University of Agriculture Faisalabad, Punjab 36050, Pakistan
| | - Rashid Iqbal
- Department of Agronomy, Faculty of Agriculture and Environment, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Bahawalpur 63100, Pakistan
| | - Naveed Iqbal
- Department of Chemistry, University of Poonch, Rawalakot 12350, Pakistan
| | - Shoaib Khan
- Department of Chemistry, Hazara University, Mansehra 21120, Pakistan
| | - Syed Adnan Ali Shah
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Universiti Teknologi MARA Cawangan Selangor Kampus Puncak Alam, Bandar Puncak Alam 42300, Selangor, Malaysia
- Atta-ur-Rahman Institute for Natural Product Discovery (AuRIns), Universiti Teknologi MARA Cawangan Selangor Kampus Puncak Alam, Bandar Puncak Alam 42300, Selangor, Malaysia
| | | | - Mahmoud A. Abdelaziz
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Tabuk, Tabuk 71491, Saudi Arabia
| | - Fatema Suliman Alatawi
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Tabuk, Tabuk 71491, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdulrahman Alasmari
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, University of Tabuk, Tabuk 71491, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohamed I. Sakran
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Tabuk, Tabuk 71491, Saudi Arabia
- Biochemistry Section, Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Tanta University, Tanta 31527, Egypt
| | - Nahla Zidan
- Department of Nutrition and Food Science, Faculty of Home Economics, University of Tabuk, Tabuk 71491, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Home Economics, Faculty of Specific Education, Kafr ElSheikh University, Kafr ElSheikh 33516, Egypt
| | - Ibrahim Jafri
- Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Sciences, Taif University, Taif 21944, Saudi Arabia
| | - Khalid Mohammed Khan
- H.E.J. Research Institute of Chemistry, International Center for Chemical and Biological Sciences, University of Karachi, Karachi 75270, Pakistan
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Khan S, Iqbal S, Taha M, Rahim F, Shah M, Ullah H, Bahadur A, Alrbyawi H, Dera AA, Alahmdi MI, Pashameah RA, Alzahrani E, Farouk AE. Synthesis, In Vitro Biological Evaluation and In Silico Molecular Docking Studies of Indole Based Thiadiazole Derivatives as Dual Inhibitor of Acetylcholinesterase and Butyrylchloinesterase. Molecules 2022; 27:7368. [PMID: 36364195 PMCID: PMC9657098 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27217368] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2022] [Revised: 10/14/2022] [Accepted: 10/25/2022] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
The current study was conducted to obtain hybrid analogues of indole-based thiadiazole derivatives (1-16) in which a number of reaction steps were involved. To examine their biological activity in the presence of the reference drug Donepezil (0.21 ± 0.12 and 0.30 ± 0.32 M, respectively), the inhibitory potentials of AChE and BuChE were determined for these compounds. Different substituted derivatives showing a varied range of inhibitory profiles, when compared to the reference drug, analogue 8 was shown to have potent activity, with IC50 values for AchE 0.15 ± 0.050 M and BuChE 0.20 ± 0.10, respectively, while other substituted compounds displayed good to moderate potentials. Varied spectroscopic techniques including 1H, 13CNMR and HREI-MS were used to identify the basic skeleton of these compounds. Furthermore, all analogues have a known structure-activity relationship (SAR), and molecular docking investigations have verified the binding interactions of molecule to the active site of enzymes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shoaib Khan
- Department of Chemistry, Hazara University, Mansehra 21120, Pakistan
| | - Shahid Iqbal
- Department of Chemistry, School of Natural Sciences (SNS), National University of Science and Technology (NUST), H-12, Islamabad 46000, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Taha
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Institute for Research and Medical Consultations (IRMC), Imam Abdulrah-Man Bin Faisal University, Dammam 34212, Saudi Arabia
| | - Fazal Rahim
- Department of Chemistry, Hazara University, Mansehra 21120, Pakistan
| | - Mazloom Shah
- Department of Chemistry, Abbottabad University of Science and Technology (AUST), Abbottabad 22500, Pakistan
| | - Hayat Ullah
- Department of Chemistry, University of Okara, Okara 56300, Pakistan
| | - Ali Bahadur
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science and Technology, Wenzhou-Kean University, Wenzhou 325060, China
| | - Hamad Alrbyawi
- Pharmaceutics and Pharmaceutical Technology Department, College of Pharmacy, Taibah University, Medina 42353, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ayed A. Dera
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Khalid University, Abha 61413, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammed Issa Alahmdi
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Tabuk, Tabuk 71491, Saudi Arabia
| | - Rami Adel Pashameah
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Applied Science, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah 24230, Saudi Arabia
| | - Eman Alzahrani
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, Taif University, Taif 21944, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abd-ElAziem Farouk
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Science, Taif University, Taif 21944, Saudi Arabia
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8
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Hussain R, Ullah H, Rahim F, Sarfraz M, Taha M, Iqbal R, Rehman W, Khan S, Shah SAA, Hyder S, Alhomrani M, Alamri AS, Abdulaziz O, Abdelaziz MA. Multipotent Cholinesterase Inhibitors for the Treatment of Alzheimer's Disease: Synthesis, Biological Analysis and Molecular Docking Study of Benzimidazole-Based Thiazole Derivatives. Molecules 2022; 27:6087. [PMID: 36144820 PMCID: PMC9504419 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27186087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2022] [Revised: 09/05/2022] [Accepted: 09/05/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Twenty-four analogues of benzimidazole-based thiazoles (1-24) were synthesized and assessed for their in vitro acetylcholinesterase (AChE) and butyrylcholinesterase (BuChE) inhibitory potential. All analogues were found to exhibit good inhibitory potential against cholinesterase enzymes, having IC50 values in the ranges of 0.10 ± 0.05 to 11.10 ± 0.30 µM (for AChE) and 0.20 ± 0.050 µM to 14.20 ± 0.10 µM (for BuChE) as compared to the standard drug Donepezil (IC50 = 2.16 ± 0.12 and 4.5 ± 0.11 µM, respectively). Among the series, analogues 16 and 21 were found to be the most potent inhibitors of AChE and BuChE enzymes. The number (s), types, electron-donating or -withdrawing effects and position of the substituent(s) on the both phenyl rings B & C were the primary determinants of the structure-activity relationship (SAR). In order to understand how the most active derivatives interact with the amino acids in the active site of the enzyme, molecular docking studies were conducted. The results obtained supported the experimental data. Additionally, the structures of all newly synthesized compounds were elucidated by using several spectroscopic methods like 13C-NMR, 1H-NMR and HR EIMS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rafaqat Hussain
- Department of Chemistry, Hazara University, Mansehra 21120, Pakistan
| | - Hayat Ullah
- Department of Chemistry, University of Okara, Okara 56300, Pakistan
| | - Fazal Rahim
- Department of Chemistry, Hazara University, Mansehra 21120, Pakistan
| | - Maliha Sarfraz
- Department of Zoology, Wildlife and Fisheries, University of Agriculture Faisalabad, Sub-Campus Toba Tek Singh, Punjab 36050, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Taha
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Institute for Research and Medical Consultations (IRMC), Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, P.O. Box 1982, Dammam 31441, Saudi Arabia
| | - Rashid Iqbal
- Department of Agronomy, Faculty of Agriculture and Environment, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur Pakistan, Bahawalpur 63100, Pakistan
| | - Wajid Rehman
- Department of Chemistry, Hazara University, Mansehra 21120, Pakistan
| | - Shoaib Khan
- Department of Chemistry, Hazara University, Mansehra 21120, Pakistan
| | - Syed Adnan Ali Shah
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Universiti Teknologi MARA Cawangan Selangor Kampus Puncak Alam, Bandar Puncak Alam 42300, Selangor, Malaysia
- Atta-ur-Rahman Institute for Natural Product Discovery (AuRIns), Universiti Teknologi MARA Cawangan Selangor Kampus Puncak Alam, Bandar Puncak Alam 42300, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Sajjad Hyder
- Department of Botany, Government College Women University, Sialkot 51310, Pakistan
| | - Majid Alhomrani
- Department of Clinical Laboratories Sciences, The Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, Taif University, Taif 21944, Saudi Arabia
- Centre of Biomedical Sciences Research (CBSR), Deanship of Scientific Research, Taif University, Taif 21944, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdulhakeem S. Alamri
- Department of Clinical Laboratories Sciences, The Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, Taif University, Taif 21944, Saudi Arabia
- Centre of Biomedical Sciences Research (CBSR), Deanship of Scientific Research, Taif University, Taif 21944, Saudi Arabia
| | - Osama Abdulaziz
- Department of Clinical Laboratories Sciences, The Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, Taif University, Taif 21944, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mahmoud A. Abdelaziz
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Tabuk, P.O. Box 741, Tabuk 71491, Saudi Arabia
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9
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Khan Y, Rehman W, Hussain R, Khan S, Malik A, Khan M, Liaqat A, Rasheed L, begum F, Fazil S, Khan I, Abdellatif MH. New biologically potent benzimidazole‐based‐triazole derivatives as acetylcholinesterase and butyrylcholinesterase inhibitors along with molecular docking study. J Heterocycl Chem 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/jhet.4553] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yousaf Khan
- Department of Chemistry COMSATS University Islamabad Islamabad Pakistan
| | - Wajid Rehman
- Department of Chemistry Hazara University Mansehra Pakistan
| | | | - Shoaib Khan
- Department of Chemistry Hazara University Mansehra Pakistan
| | - Aneela Malik
- Department of Chemistry COMSATS University Islamabad Islamabad Pakistan
| | - Marwa Khan
- Department of Chemistry Hazara University Mansehra Pakistan
| | - Anjum Liaqat
- Department of Chemistry Hazara University Mansehra Pakistan
| | - Liaqat Rasheed
- Department of Chemistry Hazara University Mansehra Pakistan
| | - Faiza begum
- Department of Chemistry Hazara University Mansehra Pakistan
| | - Srosh Fazil
- Department of Chemistry University of Poonch Rawalakot Azad Jammu and Kashmir Pakistan
| | - Imran Khan
- Department of Chemistry Hazara University Mansehra Pakistan
| | - Magda H. Abdellatif
- Department of Chemistry College of Sciences, Taif University, P. O Box 11099 Taif Saudi Arabia
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Synthesis of Benzimidazole-Based Analogs as Anti Alzheimer's Disease Compounds and Their Molecular Docking Studies. Molecules 2020; 25:molecules25204828. [PMID: 33092223 PMCID: PMC7594061 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25204828] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2020] [Revised: 10/14/2020] [Accepted: 10/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
We synthesized 10 analogs of benzimidazole-based thiosemicarbazide 1 (a-j) and 13 benzimidazole-based Schiff bases 2 (a-m), and characterized by various spectroscopic techniques and evaluated in vitro for acetylcholinesterase (AchE) and butyrylcholinesterase (BchE) inhibition activities. All the synthesized analogs showed varying degrees of acetylcholinesterase and butyrylcholinesterase inhibitory potentials in comparison to the standard drug (IC50 = 0.016 and 4.5 µM. Amongst these analogs 1 (a-j), compounds 1b, 1c, and 1g having IC50 values 1.30, 0.60, and 2.40 µM, respectively, showed good acetylcholinesterase inhibition when compared with the standard. These compounds also showed moderate butyrylcholinesterase inhibition having IC50 values of 2.40, 1.50, and 2.40 µM, respectively. The rest of the compounds of this series also showed moderate to weak inhibition. While amongst the second series of analogs 2 (a-m), compounds 2c, 2e, and 2h having IC50 values of 1.50, 0.60, and 0.90 µM, respectively, showed moderate acetylcholinesterase inhibition when compared to donepezil. Structure Aactivity Relation of both synthesized series has been carried out. The binding interactions between the synthesized analogs and the enzymes were identified through molecular docking simulations.
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Saleem F, Mehmood R, Mehar S, Khan MTJ, Khan ZUD, Ashraf M, Ali MS, Abdullah I, Froeyen M, Mirza MU, Ahmad S. Bioassay Directed Isolation, Biological Evaluation and in Silico Studies of New Isolates from Pteris cretica L. Antioxidants (Basel) 2019; 8:E231. [PMID: 31331076 PMCID: PMC6680627 DOI: 10.3390/antiox8070231] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2019] [Accepted: 03/19/2019] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Members of genus Pteris have their established role in the traditional herbal medicine system. In the pursuit to identify its biologically active constituents, the specie Pteris cretica L. (P. cretica) was selected for the bioassay-guided isolation. Two new maleates (F9 and CB18) were identified from the chloroform extract and the structures of the isolates were elucidated through their spectroscopic data. The putative targets, that potentially interact with both of these isolates, were identified through reverse docking by using in silico tools PharmMapper and ReverseScreen3D. On the basis of reverse docking results, both isolates were screened for their antioxidant, acetylcholinesterase (AChE) inhibition, α-glucosidase (GluE) inhibition and antibacterial activities. Both isolates depicted moderate potential for the selected activities. Furthermore, docking studies of both isolates were also studied to investigate the binding mode with respective targets followed by molecular dynamics simulations and binding free energies. Thereby, the current study embodies the poly-pharmacological potential of P. cretica.
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Affiliation(s)
- Farooq Saleem
- Punjab University College of Pharmacy, University of the Punjab, Lahore 54000, Pakistan
- Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Central Punjab, Lahore 54000, Pakistan
| | - Rashad Mehmood
- Department of Chemistry, University of Education, Vehari Campus, Vehari 61100, Pakistan
| | - Saima Mehar
- Department of Chemistry, Sardar Bahadur Khan Women University Quetta 87300, Pakistan, Pakistan
| | | | - Zaheer-Ud-Din Khan
- Botany Department, Government College University, Lahore 54000, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Ashraf
- Department of Pharmacy, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Bahawalpur 63100, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Sajjad Ali
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, University of Lahore, Lahore 54600, Pakistan
| | - Iskandar Abdullah
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur 50603, Malaysia
| | - Matheus Froeyen
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Pharmacological Sciences, Rega Institute for Medical Research, Medicinal Chemistry, University of Leuven, B-3000 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Muhammad Usman Mirza
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, University of Lahore, Lahore 54600, Pakistan
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Pharmacological Sciences, Rega Institute for Medical Research, Medicinal Chemistry, University of Leuven, B-3000 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Sarfraz Ahmad
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur 50603, Malaysia.
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Lee YK, Bang HJ, Oh JB, Whang WK. Bioassay-Guided Isolated Compounds from Morinda officinalis Inhibit Alzheimer's Disease Pathologies. Molecules 2017; 22:molecules22101638. [PMID: 28961196 PMCID: PMC6151407 DOI: 10.3390/molecules22101638] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2017] [Revised: 09/28/2017] [Accepted: 09/28/2017] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Due to the side effects of synthetic drugs, the therapeutic potential of natural products for Alzheimer’s disease (AD) has gained interest. Morinda officinalis has demonstrated inhibitory effects on geriatric diseases, such as bone loss and osteoporosis. However, although AD is a geriatric disease, M. officinalis has not been evaluated in an AD bioassay. Therefore, M. officinalis extracts and fractions were tested for AD-related activity, including inhibition of acetylcholinesterase (AChE), butyrylcholinesterase (BChE), β-site amyloid precursor protein cleaving enzyme 1 (BACE1), and advanced glycation end-product (AGE) formation. A bioassay-guided approach led to isolation of 10 active compounds, eight anthraquinones (1–8), one coumarin (9), and one phytosterol (10), from n-hexane and ethyl acetate fractions of M. officinalis. The five anthraquinones (4–8) were stronger inhibitors of AChE than were other compounds. Compounds 3 and 9 were good inhibitors of BChE, and compounds 3 and 8 were good inhibitors of BACE1. Compounds 1–5 and 7–9 were more active than the positive control in inhibiting AGE formation. In addition, we first suggested a structure-activity relationship by which anthraquinones inhibit AChE and BACE1. Our findings demonstrate the preventive and therapeutic efficacy of M. officinalis for AD and its potential use as a natural alternative medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoon Kyoung Lee
- Pharmaceutical Botany Laboratory, College of Pharmacy, Chung-Ang University, Heukseok-dong, Dongjak-gu, Seoul 151-756, Korea.
| | - Hyo Jeong Bang
- Pharmaceutical Botany Laboratory, College of Pharmacy, Chung-Ang University, Heukseok-dong, Dongjak-gu, Seoul 151-756, Korea.
| | - Jeong Bin Oh
- Pharmaceutical Botany Laboratory, College of Pharmacy, Chung-Ang University, Heukseok-dong, Dongjak-gu, Seoul 151-756, Korea.
| | - Wan Kyunn Whang
- Pharmaceutical Botany Laboratory, College of Pharmacy, Chung-Ang University, Heukseok-dong, Dongjak-gu, Seoul 151-756, Korea.
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Jung HA, Ali MY, Jung HJ, Jeong HO, Chung HY, Choi JS. Inhibitory activities of major anthraquinones and other constituents from Cassia obtusifolia against β-secretase and cholinesterases. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2016; 191:152-160. [PMID: 27321278 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2016.06.037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2016] [Revised: 04/26/2016] [Accepted: 06/13/2016] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Semen Cassiae has been traditionally used as an herbal remedy for liver, eye, and acute inflammatory diseases. Recent pharmacological reports have indicated that Cassiae semen has neuroprotective effects, attributable to its anti-inflammatory actions, in ischemic stroke and Alzheimer's disease (AD) models. AIM OF THE STUDY The basic goal of this study was to evaluate the anti-AD activities of C. obtusifolia and its major constituents. Previously, the extract of C. obtusifolia seeds, was reported to have memory enhancing properties and anti-AD activity to ameliorate amyloid β-induced synaptic dysfunction. However, the responsible components of C. obtusifolia seeds in an AD are currently still unknown. In this study, we investigated the inhibitory effects of C. obtusifolia and its constituents against acetylcholinesterase (AChE), butyrylcholinesterase (BChE), and β-site amyloid precursor protein (APP) cleaving enzyme 1 (BACE1) enzyme activity. MATERIALS AND METHODS In vitro cholinesterase enzyme assays by using AChE, BChE, and BACE1 were performed. We also scrutinized the potentials of Cassiae semen active component as BACE1 inhibitors via enzyme kinetics and molecular docking simulation. RESULTS In vitro enzyme assays demonstrated that C. obtusifolia and its major constituents have promising inhibitory potential against AChE, BChE, and BACE1. All Cassiae semen constituents exhibited potent inhibitory activities against AChE and BACE1 with IC50 values of 6.29-109µg/mL and 0.94-190µg/mL, whereas alaternin, questin, and toralactone gentiobioside exhibited significant inhibitory activities against BChE with IC50 values of 113.10-137.74µg/mL. Kinetic study revealed that alaternin noncompetitively inhibited, whereas cassiaside and emodin showed mixed-type inhibition against BACE1. Furthermore, molecular docking simulation results demonstrated that hydroxyl group of alaternin and emodin tightly interacted with the active site residues of BACE1 and their relevant binding energies (-6.62 and -6.89kcal/mol), indicating a higher affinity and tighter binding capacity of these compounds for the active site of BACE1. CONCLUSION The findings of the present study suggest the potential of C. obtusifolia and its major constituents for use in the development of therapeutic or preventive agents for AD, especially through inhibition of AChE, BChE and BACE1 activities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyun Ah Jung
- Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition, Chonbuk National University, Jeonju 561-756, Republic of Korea
| | - Md Yousof Ali
- Department of Food and Life Science, Pukyong National University, Busan 608-737, Republic of Korea
| | - Hee Jin Jung
- Department of Food and Life Science, Pukyong National University, Busan 608-737, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyong Oh Jeong
- College of Pharmacy, Pusan National University, Busan 609-735, Republic of Korea
| | - Hae Young Chung
- College of Pharmacy, Pusan National University, Busan 609-735, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae Sue Choi
- Department of Food and Life Science, Pukyong National University, Busan 608-737, Republic of Korea.
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Rahim F, Ullah H, Taha M, Wadood A, Javed MT, Rehman W, Nawaz M, Ashraf M, Ali M, Sajid M, Ali F, Khan MN, Khan KM. Synthesis and in vitro acetylcholinesterase and butyrylcholinesterase inhibitory potential of hydrazide based Schiff bases. Bioorg Chem 2016; 68:30-40. [PMID: 27441832 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2016.07.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2016] [Revised: 06/29/2016] [Accepted: 07/06/2016] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
To discover multifunctional agents for the treatment of Alzheimer's disease, a series of hydrazide based Schiff bases were designed and synthesized based on multitarget-directed strategy. We have synthesized twenty-eight analogs of hydrazide based Schiff bases, characterized by various spectroscopic techniques and evaluated in vitro for acetylcholinesterase and butyrylcholinesterase inhibition. All compounds showed varied degree of acetylcholinesterase and butyrylcholinesterase inhibition when compared with standard Eserine. Among the series, compounds 10, 3 and 24 having IC50 values 4.12±0.01, 8.12±0.01 and 8.41±0.06μM respectively showed potent acetylcholinesterase inhibition when compared with Eserine (IC50=0.85±0.0001μM). Three compounds 13, 24 and 3 having IC50 values 6.51±0.01, 9.22±0.07 and 37.82±0.14μM respectively showed potent butyrylcholinesterase inhibition by comparing with eserine (IC50=0.04±0.0001μM). The remaining compounds also exhibited moderate to weak inhibitory potential. Structure activity relationship has been established. Through molecular docking studies the binding interaction was confirmed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fazal Rahim
- Department of Chemistry, Hazara University, Mansehra 21300, Pakistan.
| | - Hayat Ullah
- Department of Chemistry, Hazara University, Mansehra 21300, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Taha
- Atta-ur-Rahman Institute for Natural Product Discovery, Universiti Teknologi MARA (UiTM), Puncak Alam Campus, 42300 Bandar Puncak Alam, Selangor, Malaysia; Faculty of Applied Science, UiTM, 40450 Shah Alam, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Abdul Wadood
- Department of Biohemistry, Abdul Wali Khan University Mardan, Mardan 23200, Pakistan
| | | | - Wajid Rehman
- Department of Chemistry, Hazara University, Mansehra 21300, Pakistan
| | - Mohsan Nawaz
- Department of Chemistry, Hazara University, Mansehra 21300, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Ashraf
- Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Bahawalpur 63100, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Ali
- Center for Advanced Drug Research, COMSATS Institute of Information Technology, University Road, Abbottabad 22060, KPK, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Sajid
- Department of Biochemistry, Hazara University, Mansehra 21300, Pakistan
| | - Farman Ali
- Department of Chemistry, Hazara University, Mansehra 21300, Pakistan
| | | | - Khalid Mohammed Khan
- H.E.J. Research Institute of Chemistry, International Center for Chemical and Biological Sciences, University of Karachi, Karachi 75270, Pakistan
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Lycodine-type alkaloids from Lycopodiastrum casuarinoides and their acetylcholinesterase inhibitory activity. Molecules 2014; 19:9999-10010. [PMID: 25014530 PMCID: PMC6271639 DOI: 10.3390/molecules19079999] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2014] [Revised: 06/18/2014] [Accepted: 06/27/2014] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Four new lycodine-type alkaloids, namely 16-hydroxyhuperzine B (1), N-methyl-11-acetoxyhuperzine B (2), 8,15-dihydrolycoparin A (3) and (7S,12S,13R)-huperzine D-16-O-β-d-glucopyranoside (4), along with ten known analogues 5-14, were isolated from the whole plant of Lycopodiastrum casuarinoides. The structures of the new compounds were elucidated by means of spectroscopic techniques (IR, MS, NMR, and CD) and chemical methods. Compounds 1 and 2 possessed four connected six-membered rings, while compounds 3 and 4 were piperidine ring cleavage products. In particular, compound 4 was a lycopodium alkaloidal glycoside which is reported for the first time. Among the isolated compounds N-demethylhuperzinine (7), huperzine C (8), huperzine B (9) and lycoparin C (13) possessed significant inhibitory activity against acetylcholinesterase, and the new compound 1 showed moderate inhibitory activity. The structure activity relationships were discussed.
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16
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Ligand-based and structure-based investigation for Alzheimer's disease from traditional chinese medicine. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2014; 2014:364819. [PMID: 24899907 PMCID: PMC4034731 DOI: 10.1155/2014/364819] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2013] [Accepted: 01/12/2014] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease is a neurodegenerative disease that was conventionally thought to be related to the sedimentation of beta-amyloids, but drugs designed according to this hypothesis have generally failed. That FKBP52 can reduce the accumulation of tau proteins, and that Tacrolimus can reduce the pathological changes of tau proteins are new directions away from the long held amyloid-beta-centric concept. Therefore, the screening of traditional Chinese medicine compounds for those with higher affinity towards FKBP52 than Tacrolimus may be a new direction for treating Alzheimer's disease. This study utilizes ligand-based and structure-based methods as the foundation. By utilizing dock scores and the predicted pIC50 from SVM, MLR, and Bayesian Network, several TCM compounds were selected for further analysis of their protein-ligand interactions. Daphnetoxin has higher affinity and complex structure stability than Tacrolimus; Lythrancine II exhibits the most identical trends in FKBP52 interactions as Tacrolimus, and 20-O-(2′E,4′E-decadienoyl)ingenol may be further modified at its hydrocarbon chain to promote interaction with FKBP52. In addition, we observed the residue Tyr113 of FKBP52 may play a key role in protein-ligand interaction. Our results indicate that Daphnetoxin, 20-O-(2′E,4′E-decadienoyl)ingenol, and Lythrancine II may be starting points for further modification as a new type of non-amyloid-beta-centric drug for Alzheimer's disease.
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Jazayeri SB, Amanlou A, Ghanadian N, Pasalar P, Amanlou M. A preliminary investigation of anticholinesterase activity of some Iranian medicinal plants commonly used in traditional medicine. Daru 2014; 22:17. [PMID: 24401532 PMCID: PMC3896674 DOI: 10.1186/2008-2231-22-17] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2013] [Accepted: 12/01/2013] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The aim of this study was to evaluate acetylcholinesterase inhibitory activity of some commonly used herbal medicine in Iran to introduce a new source for management of Alzheimer's disease. A total of 18 aqueous-methanolic extract (1:1; v/v) from the following plants: Brassica alba, Brassica nigra, Camellia sinensis, Cinchona officinalis, Citrus aurantifolia, Citrus x aurantium, Ferula assafoetida, Humulus lupulus, Juglans regia, Juniperus sabina, Myristica fragrans, Pelargonium graveolens, Pistacia vera, Punica granatum, Rheum officinale, Rosa damascena, Salix alba, and Zizyphus vulgaris were prepared and screened for their acetylcholinesterase inhibitory activity using in vitro Ellman spectrophotometric method. RESULTS According to the obtained results, the order of inhibitory activity (IC50 values, μg /ml) of extracts from highest to the lowest was: C. sinensis (5.96), C. aurantifolia (19.57), Z. vulgaris (24.37), B. nigra (84.30) and R. damascena (93.1). CONCLUSIONS The results indicated and confirmed the traditional use of these herbs for management of central nervous system disorders. C. sinensis showed the highest activity in inhibition of acetylcholinesterase. However, further investigations on identification of active components in the extracts are needed.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Massoud Amanlou
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy and Medicinal Plants Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
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18
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Acetylcholinesterase inhibitory activity of the total alkaloid from traditional Chinese herbal medicine for treating Alzheimer’s disease. Med Chem Res 2011. [DOI: 10.1007/s00044-011-9582-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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19
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Yoon NY, Ngo DN, Kim SK. Acetylcholinesterase inhibitory activity of novel chitooligosaccharide derivatives. Carbohydr Polym 2009. [DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2009.07.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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20
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Yoon NY, Lee SH, Yong-Li, Kim SK. Phlorotannins from Ishige okamurae and their acetyl- and butyrylcholinesterase inhibitory effects. J Funct Foods 2009. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jff.2009.07.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
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Jang MH, Piao XL, Kim JM, Kwon SW, Park JH. Inhibition of cholinesterase and amyloid-beta aggregation by resveratrol oligomers from Vitis amurensis. Phytother Res 2008; 22:544-9. [PMID: 18338769 DOI: 10.1002/ptr.2406] [Citation(s) in RCA: 76] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
In the course of screening for acetylcholinesterase and butyrylcholinesterase inhibitors from natural products by an in vitro Ellman method, the extract of the roots of Vitis amurensis Rupr. (Vitaceae) showed significant cholinesterase inhibitory activity. Employing a bioassay-linked HPLC method, followed by a semi-preparative HPLC method, two compounds of interest were isolated and characterized as vitisin A and heyneanol A. They inhibited effectively both acetylcholinesterase and butyrylcholinesterase in a dose-dependent manner and exhibited higher activity against butyrylcholinesterase compared with that of galantamine, a positive control. Furthermore, the aggregation of beta-amyloid was evaluated in vitro based on a thioflavine T fluorescence assay to expand their activity profile, with the result that both compounds showed the ability to block beta-amyloid aggregation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Moon Hee Jang
- Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Seoul National University, Seoul 151-742, Korea
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22
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Ogino A, Kazui H, Miyoshi N, Hashimoto M, Ohkawa S, Tokunaga H, Ikejiri Y, Takeda M. Cognitive impairment in patients with idiopathic normal pressure hydrocephalus. Dement Geriatr Cogn Disord 2006; 21:113-9. [PMID: 16374006 DOI: 10.1159/000090510] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/07/2005] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Cognitive impairment in patients with idiopathic normal pressure hydrocephalous (iNPH) has not been clearly documented. We performed standardized neuropsychological assessments of 21 patients with iNPH and of 42 patients with Alzheimer's disease (AD) matched to the patients with iNPH 2:1 by age, sex, and Mini-Mental State Examination score. Compared with the AD group, the iNPH group scored significantly higher on the orientation subtest of the Alzheimer's Disease Assessment Scale and on the general memory and delayed recall subtests of the Wechsler Memory Scale-Revised (WMS-R), and significantly lower on the attention/concentration subtest of the WMS-R and on the digit span, arithmetic, block design and digit symbol substitution subtests of the Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale-Revised. The impairment of frontal lobe functions is disproportionately severe and memory impairment is disproportionately mild in patients with iNPH compared with AD. Recognition of these features contributes to an early diagnosis, which can lead to a better prognosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Atsushi Ogino
- Psychiatry and Behavioral Science, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita-City, Japan.
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Lead compounds and drug candidates from some Turkish plants for human health. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2006. [DOI: 10.1016/s1572-557x(05)02019-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register]
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Orhan I, Sener B, Choudhary MI, Khalid A. Acetylcholinesterase and butyrylcholinesterase inhibitory activity of some Turkish medicinal plants. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2004; 91:57-60. [PMID: 15036468 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2003.11.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 164] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2003] [Revised: 10/23/2003] [Accepted: 11/21/2003] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
The chloroform:medianol (1:1) extracts of a number of the plant species belonging to eight families, namely Corydalis solida (L.) Swartz subsp. solida and Glaucium corniculatum (L.) J. H. Rudolph (Papaveraceae), Rhododendron ponticum L. subsp. ponticum and Rhododendron luteum Sweet. (Ericaceae), Buxus sempervirens L. (Buxaceae), Vicia faba L. (Fabaceae), Robinia pseudoacacia L. (Caeselpiniaceae), Tribulus terrestris L. and Zygophyllum fabago L. (Zygophyllaceae), Lycopodium clavatum L. (Lycopodiaceae), Fumaria vaillantii Lois., Fumaria capreolata L., Fumaria kralikii Jordan, Fumaria asepala Boiss., Fumaria densiflora DC., Fumaria flabellata L., Fumaria petteri Reichb. subsp. thuretii (Boiss.) Pugsley, Fumaria macrocarpa Boiss. ex Hausskn., Fumaria cilicica Hauskkn., Fumaria parviflora Lam. and Fumaria judaica Boiss. (Fumariaceae) were screened for their anticholinesterase activity on acetylcholinesterase (AChE) and butyrylcholinesterase (BChE) enzymes by in vitro Ellman method at 10 microg/ml and 1 mg/ml concentrations. The extracts did not show any noticeable inhibitory activity against both of the enzymes at 10 microg/ml. The extracts of Rhododendron ponticum subsp. ponticum, Rhododendron luteum, Corydalis solida subsp. solida, Glaucium corniculatum, and Buxus sempervirens showed remarkable inhibitory activity above 50% inhibition rate on AChE at 1 mg/ml. Among them, Rhododendron ponticum subsp. ponticum, Corydalis solida subsp. solida and Buxus sempervirens were the most active extracts against BChE having 95.46 +/- 1.03%, 93.08 +/- 0.97%, and 93.45 +/- 0.88% inhibition rates, respectively. Among the extracts screened, all of the Fumaria extracts displayed highly potent inhibition against both of the enzymes at 1 mg/ml concentration compared to the standard.
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Affiliation(s)
- I Orhan
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Gazi University, 06330 Ankara, Turkey.
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Jónsdóttir TJ, Snaedal J, Jónsson JE. A progression in the neuropsychological decline of Icelandic patients with probable or possible dementia of the Alzheimer's type: a longitudinal study. AGING (MILAN, ITALY) 1993; 5:217-28. [PMID: 8399467 DOI: 10.1007/bf03324158] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
To investigate the nature and rate of cognitive decline in dementia of the Alzheimer's type (DAT), 44 patients with probable or possible DAT (mean age 73.9, range 59-87 years) were given a comprehensive neuropsychological assessment. Twenty-five patients were retested 6 months later, and 11 were tested for the third time another 6 months later. Some tests of mental flexibility and double conceptual tracking ability were beyond the capabilities of the patients, and were left out of the statistical analysis because of floor effect. Poor initial performance on tests of attention, concentration, response speed, general cognitive ability, verbal memory, constructional skills, and perceptual closure ability resulted in nonsignificant changes over time (paired t tests). Tests of expressive speech, visuoperceptual functions and nonverbal memory, on the other hand, showed a significant deterioration over time. These findings indicate that when patients with DAT first receive medical attention, many neuropsychological functions are so severe impaired that there is little room for further decline. To describe the longitudinal course of cognitive decline in DAT, tests should be limited to those that assess the more resistant cerebral functions, and are more sensitive to progressive changes.
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Affiliation(s)
- T J Jónsdóttir
- Department of Psychiatry, Landspítalinn, Reykjavík, Iceland
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