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Saldaeva NM, Babeshko KV, Chernyshov VA, Esaulov AS, Komarov AA, Kriuchkov NR, Mazei NG, Saldaev DA, Stojko TG, Tsyganov AN, Mazei YA. Biodiversity of testate amoebae in Sphagnum bogs: the dataset from forest-steppe ecotone (Middle Volga Territory, Russia). Biodivers Data J 2024; 12:e125582. [PMID: 38903961 PMCID: PMC11187575 DOI: 10.3897/bdj.12.e125582] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2024] [Accepted: 05/24/2024] [Indexed: 06/22/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Testate amoebae are a polyphyletic group of unicellular eukaryotic organisms that are characterised by a rigid shell and inhabit mostly freshwater and terrestrial ecosystems. They are particularly abundant in peatlands, especially in Sphagnum-dominated biotopes. Peatland hydrology is the most important influence on testate amoebae communities. The good preservation of the shells in peat deposits and their response to hydrological regime changes are the principles for palaeohydrological reconstructions. Any changes in the water balance of mires should be expected to have far-reaching effects on biogeochemical cycles, productivity, carbon dioxide and methane exchange. New information This paper presents a dataset (Darwin Core Archive - DwC-A) on the distribution of Sphagnum-dwelling testate amoebae in nine mires located in the forest-steppe subzone of the East European Plane. The dataset includes information about 86 taxa belonging to 29 genera and contains 3,123 occurrences of 49,874 individuals. The following environmental variables are provided: microtopography, oxidising and reducing potential, total mineralisation, substrate temperature, acidity, substrate wetness and water table depth. These data might be used for biogeographical and palaeoecological studies, including quantitative reconstructions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nailia M. Saldaeva
- Shenzhen MSU-BIT University, Shenzhen, ChinaShenzhen MSU-BIT UniversityShenzhenChina
- Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, RussiaLomonosov Moscow State UniversityMoscowRussia
| | - Kirill V. Babeshko
- Shenzhen MSU-BIT University, Shenzhen, ChinaShenzhen MSU-BIT UniversityShenzhenChina
- Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, RussiaLomonosov Moscow State UniversityMoscowRussia
| | | | - Anton S. Esaulov
- Shenzhen MSU-BIT University, Shenzhen, ChinaShenzhen MSU-BIT UniversityShenzhenChina
- Penza State University, Penza, RussiaPenza State UniversityPenzaRussia
| | | | - Nikita R. Kriuchkov
- Shenzhen MSU-BIT University, Shenzhen, ChinaShenzhen MSU-BIT UniversityShenzhenChina
- Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, RussiaLomonosov Moscow State UniversityMoscowRussia
| | - Natalia G. Mazei
- Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, RussiaLomonosov Moscow State UniversityMoscowRussia
| | - Damir A. Saldaev
- Shenzhen MSU-BIT University, Shenzhen, ChinaShenzhen MSU-BIT UniversityShenzhenChina
| | - Tamara G. Stojko
- Penza State University, Penza, RussiaPenza State UniversityPenzaRussia
| | - Andrey N. Tsyganov
- Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, RussiaLomonosov Moscow State UniversityMoscowRussia
| | - Yuri A. Mazei
- Shenzhen MSU-BIT University, Shenzhen, ChinaShenzhen MSU-BIT UniversityShenzhenChina
- Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, RussiaLomonosov Moscow State UniversityMoscowRussia
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Gios E, Verbruggen E, Audet J, Burns R, Butterbach-Bahl K, Espenberg M, Fritz C, Glatzel S, Jurasinski G, Larmola T, Mander Ü, Nielsen C, Rodriguez AF, Scheer C, Zak D, Silvennoinen HM. Unraveling microbial processes involved in carbon and nitrogen cycling and greenhouse gas emissions in rewetted peatlands by molecular biology. BIOGEOCHEMISTRY 2024; 167:609-629. [PMID: 38707517 PMCID: PMC11068585 DOI: 10.1007/s10533-024-01122-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2023] [Accepted: 01/22/2024] [Indexed: 05/07/2024]
Abstract
Restoration of drained peatlands through rewetting has recently emerged as a prevailing strategy to mitigate excessive greenhouse gas emissions and re-establish the vital carbon sequestration capacity of peatlands. Rewetting can help to restore vegetation communities and biodiversity, while still allowing for extensive agricultural management such as paludiculture. Belowground processes governing carbon fluxes and greenhouse gas dynamics are mediated by a complex network of microbial communities and processes. Our understanding of this complexity and its multi-factorial controls in rewetted peatlands is limited. Here, we summarize the research regarding the role of soil microbial communities and functions in driving carbon and nutrient cycling in rewetted peatlands including the use of molecular biology techniques in understanding biogeochemical processes linked to greenhouse gas fluxes. We emphasize that rapidly advancing molecular biology approaches, such as high-throughput sequencing, are powerful tools helping to elucidate the dynamics of key biogeochemical processes when combined with isotope tracing and greenhouse gas measuring techniques. Insights gained from the gathered studies can help inform efficient monitoring practices for rewetted peatlands and the development of climate-smart restoration and management strategies. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s10533-024-01122-6.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emilie Gios
- NINA, Norwegian Institute for Nature Research, PO Box 5685, Torgarden, NO-7485 Trondheim, Norway
| | - Erik Verbruggen
- Plants and Ecosystems Research Group, Department of Biology, University of Antwerp, Universiteitsplein 1, Wilrijk, 2610 Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Joachim Audet
- Department of Ecoscience, Aarhus University, C.F. Møllers Allé, 8000 Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Rachel Burns
- Department of Geosciences and Natural Resource Management, University of Copenhagen, 1350 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Klaus Butterbach-Bahl
- Institute of Meteorology and Climate Research, Atmospheric Environmental Research, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, 82467 Garmisch-Partenkirchen, Germany
- Department of Agroecology, Pioneer Center for Research in Sustainable Agricultural Futures (Land-CRAFT), Aarhus University, 8000 Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Mikk Espenberg
- Department of Geography, Institute of Ecology and Earth Sciences, University of Tartu, 46 St., Vanemuise, 51003 Tartu, Estonia
| | - Christian Fritz
- Aquatic Ecology and Environmental Biology, Radboud Institute for Biological and Environmental Sciences (RIBES), Radboud University, Heyendaalseweg 135, 6525 AJ Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Stephan Glatzel
- Department of Geography and Regional Research, University of Vienna, Althanstraße 14, 1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Gerald Jurasinski
- Faculty of Agriculture and Environment, Landscape Ecology and Site Evaluation, University of Rostock, Justus-von-Liebig-Weg 6, 18059 Rostock, Germany
- Department of Maritime Systems, Faculty of Interdisciplinary Research, University of Rostock, Albert- Einstein-Straße 3, 18059 Rostock, Germany
| | - Tuula Larmola
- Natural Resources Institute Finland (Luke), 00790 Helsinki, Finland
| | - Ülo Mander
- Department of Geography, Institute of Ecology and Earth Sciences, University of Tartu, 46 St., Vanemuise, 51003 Tartu, Estonia
| | - Claudia Nielsen
- Department of Agroecology, Faculty of Technical Sciences, Aarhus University, Blichers Alle 20, 8830 Tjele, Denmark
- CBIO, Centre for Circular Bioeconomy, Aarhus University, 8830 Tjele, Denmark
| | - Andres F. Rodriguez
- Department of Agroecology, Faculty of Technical Sciences, Aarhus University, Blichers Alle 20, 8830 Tjele, Denmark
| | - Clemens Scheer
- Institute of Meteorology and Climate Research, Atmospheric Environmental Research, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, 82467 Garmisch-Partenkirchen, Germany
| | - Dominik Zak
- Department of Ecoscience, Aarhus University, C.F. Møllers Allé, 8000 Aarhus, Denmark
- Department of Ecohydrology and Biogeochemistry, Leibniz-Institute of Freshwater Ecology and Inland Fisheries, Müggelseedamm 301, 12587 Berlin, Germany
| | - Hanna M. Silvennoinen
- NINA, Norwegian Institute for Nature Research, PO Box 5685, Torgarden, NO-7485 Trondheim, Norway
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3
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Kilner CL, Carrell AA, Wieczynski DJ, Votzke S, DeWitt K, Yammine A, Shaw J, Pelletier DA, Weston DJ, Gibert JP. Temperature and CO 2 interactively drive shifts in the compositional and functional structure of peatland protist communities. GLOBAL CHANGE BIOLOGY 2024; 30:e17203. [PMID: 38433341 DOI: 10.1111/gcb.17203] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2023] [Revised: 01/20/2024] [Accepted: 01/26/2024] [Indexed: 03/05/2024]
Abstract
Microbes affect the global carbon cycle that influences climate change and are in turn influenced by environmental change. Here, we use data from a long-term whole-ecosystem warming experiment at a boreal peatland to answer how temperature and CO2 jointly influence communities of abundant, diverse, yet poorly understood, non-fungi microbial Eukaryotes (protists). These microbes influence ecosystem function directly through photosynthesis and respiration, and indirectly, through predation on decomposers (bacteria and fungi). Using a combination of high-throughput fluid imaging and 18S amplicon sequencing, we report large climate-induced, community-wide shifts in the community functional composition of these microbes (size, shape, and metabolism) that could alter overall function in peatlands. Importantly, we demonstrate a taxonomic convergence but a functional divergence in response to warming and elevated CO2 with most environmental responses being contingent on organismal size: warming effects on functional composition are reversed by elevated CO2 and amplified in larger microbes but not smaller ones. These findings show how the interactive effects of warming and rising CO2 levels could alter the structure and function of peatland microbial food webs-a fragile ecosystem that stores upwards of 25% of all terrestrial carbon and is increasingly threatened by human exploitation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christopher L Kilner
- Department of Biology, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina, USA
- Bird Conservancy of the Rockies, Fort Collins, Colorado, USA
| | - Alyssa A Carrell
- Biosciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee, USA
| | | | - Samantha Votzke
- Department of Biology, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina, USA
| | - Katrina DeWitt
- Department of Biology, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina, USA
| | - Andrea Yammine
- Department of Biology, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina, USA
| | - Jonathan Shaw
- Department of Biology, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina, USA
| | - Dale A Pelletier
- Biosciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee, USA
| | - David J Weston
- Biosciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee, USA
| | - Jean P Gibert
- Department of Biology, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina, USA
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Seward J, Bräuer S, Beckett P, Roy-Léveillée P, Emilson E, Watmough S, Basiliko N. Recovery of Smelter-Impacted Peat and Sphagnum Moss: a Microbial Perspective. MICROBIAL ECOLOGY 2023; 86:2894-2903. [PMID: 37632540 DOI: 10.1007/s00248-023-02289-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2023] [Accepted: 08/15/2023] [Indexed: 08/28/2023]
Abstract
Peatlands store approximately one-half of terrestrial soil carbon and one-tenth of non-glacial freshwater. Some of these important ecosystems are located near heavy metal emitting smelters. To improve the understanding of smelter impacts and potential recovery after initial pollution controls in the 1970s (roughly 50 years of potential recovery), we sampled peatlands along a distance gradient of 134 km from a smelter in Sudbury, Ontario, Canada, an area with over a century of nickel (Ni) and copper (Cu) mining activity. This work is aimed at evaluating potential shifts in bacterial and archaeal community structures in Sphagnum moss and its underlying peat within smelter-impacted poor fens. In peat, total Ni and Cu concentrations were higher (0.062-0.067 and 0.110-0.208 mg/g, respectively) at sites close to the smelter and exponentially dropped with distance from the smelter. This exponential decrease in Ni concentrations was also observed in Sphagnum. 16S rDNA amplicon sequencing showed that peat and Sphagnum moss host distinct microbiomes with peat accommodating a more diverse community structure. The microbiomes of Sphagnum were dominated by Proteobacteria (62.5%), followed by Acidobacteria (11.9%), with no observable trends with distance from the smelter. Dominance of Acidobacteria (32.4%) and Proteobacteria (29.6%) in peat was reported across all sites. No drift in taxonomy was seen across the distance gradient or from the reference sites, suggesting a potential microbiome recovery toward that of the reference peatlands microbiomes after decades of pollution controls. These results advance the understanding of peat and Sphagnum moss microbiomes, as well as depict the sensitivities and the resilience of peatland ecosystems.
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Affiliation(s)
- James Seward
- Vale Living with Lakes Centre and the School of Natural Sciences, Laurentian University, 935 Ramsey Lake Rd, Sudbury, ON, P3E 2C6, Canada.
| | - Suzanna Bräuer
- Department of Biology, Appalachian State University, 572 Rivers Street, Boone, NC, 28608, USA
| | - Peter Beckett
- Vale Living with Lakes Centre and the School of Natural Sciences, Laurentian University, 935 Ramsey Lake Rd, Sudbury, ON, P3E 2C6, Canada
| | - Pascale Roy-Léveillée
- Department of Geography, Université Laval, Pavillon Abitibi-Price, Quebec, G1V 0A6, Canada
| | - Erik Emilson
- Natural Resources Canada, Great Lakes Forestry Centre, 1219 Queen St. East, Sault Ste. Marie, ON, P6A 2E5, Canada
| | - Shaun Watmough
- School of the Environment, Trent University, Peterborough, Ontario, Canada
| | - Nathan Basiliko
- Department of Natural Resources Management, Lakehead University, 955 Oliver Rd., Thunder Bay, ON, P7B 5E1, Canada
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5
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Nie Y, Lau SYL, Tan X, Lu X, Liu S, Tahvanainen T, Isoda R, Ye Q, Hashidoko Y. Sphagnum capillifolium holobiont from a subarctic palsa bog aggravates the potential of nitrous oxide emissions. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2022; 13:974251. [PMID: 36160957 PMCID: PMC9490422 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.974251] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2022] [Accepted: 08/08/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Melting permafrost mounds in subarctic palsa mires are thawing under climate warming and have become a substantial source of N2O emissions. However, mechanistic insights into the permafrost thaw-induced N2O emissions in these unique habitats remain elusive. We demonstrated that N2O emission potential in palsa bogs was driven by the bacterial residents of two dominant Sphagnum mosses especially of Sphagnum capillifolium (SC) in the subarctic palsa bog, which responded to endogenous and exogenous Sphagnum factors such as secondary metabolites, nitrogen and carbon sources, temperature, and pH. SC's high N2O emission activity was linked with two classes of distinctive hyperactive N2O emitters, including Pseudomonas sp. and Enterobacteriaceae bacteria, whose hyperactive N2O emitting capability was characterized to be dominantly pH-responsive. As the nosZ gene-harboring emitter, Pseudomonas sp. SC-H2 reached a high level of N2O emissions that increased significantly with increasing pH. For emitters lacking the nosZ gene, an Enterobacteriaceae bacterium SC-L1 was more adaptive to natural acidic conditions, and N2O emissions also increased with pH. Our study revealed previously unknown hyperactive N2O emitters in Sphagnum capillifolium found in melting palsa mound environments, and provided novel insights into SC-associated N2O emissions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanxia Nie
- Key Laboratory of Vegetation Restoration and Management of Degraded Ecosystems, South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China
- Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory, Guangzhou, China
- Graduate School of Agriculture, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Sharon Yu Ling Lau
- Graduate School of Agriculture, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan
- Sarawak Tropical Peat Research Institute, Kota Samarahan, Malaysia
| | - Xiangping Tan
- Key Laboratory of Vegetation Restoration and Management of Degraded Ecosystems, South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiankai Lu
- Key Laboratory of Vegetation Restoration and Management of Degraded Ecosystems, South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Suping Liu
- Key Laboratory of Vegetation Restoration and Management of Degraded Ecosystems, South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Teemu Tahvanainen
- Department of Environmental and Biological Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, Joensuu, Finland
| | - Reika Isoda
- Graduate School of Agriculture, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Qing Ye
- Key Laboratory of Vegetation Restoration and Management of Degraded Ecosystems, South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China
- Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory, Guangzhou, China
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6
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Cao C, Huang J, Ge L, Li T, Bu ZJ, Wang S, Wang Z, Liu Z, Liu S, Wang M. Does Shift in Vegetation Abundance After Nitrogen and Phosphorus Additions Play a Key Role in Regulating Fungal Community Structure in a Northern Peatland? Front Microbiol 2022; 13:920382. [PMID: 35756014 PMCID: PMC9224414 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2022.920382] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2022] [Accepted: 05/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Soil fungal communities are key players in biogeochemical processes of peatlands, which are important carbon stocks globally. Although it has been elucidated that fungi are susceptible to environmental changes, little is known about the intricate and interactive effect of long-term nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P) enrichment on fungal community structure in northern peatlands. In this study, we compared a short- (2 years) with a long-term (10 years) fertilization experiment in a peatland complex in northeastern China to assess how N and/or P additions influence fungal community structure. The results showed that fungal community composition and diversity were altered by N addition, without a significant interactive effect with P addition. Not only the long-term but also the short-term nutrient addition could change the abundance of different plant functional types. However, there were no strong cascading effects on the fungal community in any of the fertilization experiments. Long-term nutrient addition showed a stronger effect on the relative abundance of different fungal functional guilds; an increase in the relative abundance of saprotrophs after fertilization did not jeopardize mycorrhizal fungi. Moreover, the decline in Sphagnum cover after long-term N addition did not parallel changes in the relative abundance of Sphagnum-associated fungi (Clavaria sphagnicola, Galerina tibiicystis, G. sphagnicola, and G. paludosa). Given that short- and long-term fertilization showed strongly contrasting effects on fungal community structure, our study highlights the necessity of assessing the long-term effects of nutrient enrichment on the association between vegetation and fungal community in peatland ecosystems. Future research priorities should emphasize the connection between the community structure of fungal functional guilds and their functionality, which is of paramount importance to better understand their influences on C storage in the face of uncertain N and P deposition regimes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chenhao Cao
- Key Laboratory of Geographical Processes and Ecological Security in Changbai Mountains, Ministry of Education, School of Geographical Sciences, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, China
- State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Wetland Ecology and Vegetation Restoration, Institute for Peat and Mire Research, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, China
- Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory for Wetland Ecological Processes and Environmental Change in the Changbai Mountains, Changchun, China
| | - Jingjing Huang
- Center for Ecological Forecasting and Global Change, College of Forestry, Northwest A&F University, Xianyang, China
| | - Leming Ge
- Key Laboratory of Geographical Processes and Ecological Security in Changbai Mountains, Ministry of Education, School of Geographical Sciences, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, China
- State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Wetland Ecology and Vegetation Restoration, Institute for Peat and Mire Research, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, China
- Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory for Wetland Ecological Processes and Environmental Change in the Changbai Mountains, Changchun, China
| | - Tong Li
- School of Geographic Sciences, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, China
| | - Zhao-Jun Bu
- Key Laboratory of Geographical Processes and Ecological Security in Changbai Mountains, Ministry of Education, School of Geographical Sciences, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, China
- State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Wetland Ecology and Vegetation Restoration, Institute for Peat and Mire Research, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, China
- Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory for Wetland Ecological Processes and Environmental Change in the Changbai Mountains, Changchun, China
| | - Shengzhong Wang
- Key Laboratory of Geographical Processes and Ecological Security in Changbai Mountains, Ministry of Education, School of Geographical Sciences, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, China
- State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Wetland Ecology and Vegetation Restoration, Institute for Peat and Mire Research, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, China
- Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory for Wetland Ecological Processes and Environmental Change in the Changbai Mountains, Changchun, China
| | - Zucheng Wang
- Key Laboratory of Geographical Processes and Ecological Security in Changbai Mountains, Ministry of Education, School of Geographical Sciences, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, China
- State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Wetland Ecology and Vegetation Restoration, Institute for Peat and Mire Research, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, China
- Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory for Wetland Ecological Processes and Environmental Change in the Changbai Mountains, Changchun, China
| | - Ziping Liu
- Key Laboratory of Geographical Processes and Ecological Security in Changbai Mountains, Ministry of Education, School of Geographical Sciences, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, China
| | - Shasha Liu
- Key Laboratory of Geographical Processes and Ecological Security in Changbai Mountains, Ministry of Education, School of Geographical Sciences, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, China
| | - Meng Wang
- Key Laboratory of Geographical Processes and Ecological Security in Changbai Mountains, Ministry of Education, School of Geographical Sciences, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, China
- State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Wetland Ecology and Vegetation Restoration, Institute for Peat and Mire Research, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, China
- Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory for Wetland Ecological Processes and Environmental Change in the Changbai Mountains, Changchun, China
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Arcellinida testate amoebae as climate miner's canaries in Southern Spain. Eur J Protistol 2021; 81:125828. [PMID: 34487957 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejop.2021.125828] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2021] [Revised: 06/29/2021] [Accepted: 07/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Southern Spain is currently under threat of desertification as a consequence of global climate change, which pressures on fragile ecosystems such as caves. The organisms living in these extremely stable environments are particularly sensitive and prone to extinction, therefore they can be used as bioindicators for climate change. Cyanobacterial mats form peculiar and vulnerable micro-ecosystems at the entrance of caves and house a diversity of protists. Amongst them, Arcellinida testate amoebae have been traditionally used as bioindicators for environmental quality, notably because their narrow ecological tolerance and their key ecological position as top predators of the microbial foodwebs. We report here two new species of Arcellinida found in the cyanobacterial mats of cave Hundidero, in Sierra de Grazalema, Malaga province, whose traits suggest a narrow tolerance for changes in humidity. We provide a formal description for Difflugia alhadiqa sp. nov. and Heleopera baetica sp. nov. based on morphometrics and 18S rRNA gene data, and propose using the presence of these species to indicate the good health of the cyanobacterial mats, like miner's canaries for local climate.
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Ghezzi D, Filippini M, Cappelletti M, Firrincieli A, Zannoni D, Gargini A, Fedi S. Molecular characterization of microbial communities in a peat-rich aquifer system contaminated with chlorinated aliphatic compounds. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2021; 28:23017-23035. [PMID: 33438126 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-020-12236-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2020] [Accepted: 12/25/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
In an aquifer-aquitard system in the subsoil of the city of Ferrara (Emilia-Romagna region, northern Italy) highly contaminated with chlorinated aliphatic toxic organics such as trichloroethylene (TCE) and tetrachloroethylene (PCE), a strong microbial-dependent dechlorination activity takes place during migration of contaminants through shallow organic-rich layers with peat intercalations. The in situ microbial degradation of chlorinated ethenes, formerly inferred by the utilization of contaminant concentration profiles and Compound-Specific Isotope Analysis (CSIA), was here assessed using Illumina sequencing of V4 hypervariable region of 16S rRNA gene and by clone library analysis of dehalogenase metabolic genes. Taxon-specific investigation of the microbial communities catalyzing the chlorination process revealed the presence of not only dehalogenating genera such as Dehalococcoides and Dehalobacter but also of numerous other groups of non-dehalogenating bacteria and archaea thriving on diverse metabolisms such as hydrolysis and fermentation of complex organic matter, acidogenesis, acetogenesis, and methanogenesis, which can indirectly support the reductive dechlorination process. Besides, the diversity of genes encoding some reductive dehalogenases was also analyzed. Geochemical and 16S rRNA and RDH gene analyses, as a whole, provided insights into the microbial community complexity and the distribution of potential dechlorinators. Based on the data obtained, a possible network of metabolic interactions has been hypothesized to obtain an effective reductive dechlorination process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniele Ghezzi
- Department of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, Alma Mater Studiorum University of Bologna, Via Irnerio 42, 40126, Bologna, Italy
- Laboratory of NanoBiotechnology, IRCSS Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli, via di Barbiano 1/10, 40136, Bologna, Italy
| | - Maria Filippini
- Department of Biological, Geological and Environmental Sciences, Alma Mater Studiorum University of Bologna, via Zamboni 67, 40126, Bologna, Italy
| | - Martina Cappelletti
- Department of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, Alma Mater Studiorum University of Bologna, Via Irnerio 42, 40126, Bologna, Italy
| | - Andrea Firrincieli
- Department of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, Alma Mater Studiorum University of Bologna, Via Irnerio 42, 40126, Bologna, Italy
| | - Davide Zannoni
- Department of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, Alma Mater Studiorum University of Bologna, Via Irnerio 42, 40126, Bologna, Italy
| | - Alessandro Gargini
- Department of Biological, Geological and Environmental Sciences, Alma Mater Studiorum University of Bologna, via Zamboni 67, 40126, Bologna, Italy
| | - Stefano Fedi
- Department of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, Alma Mater Studiorum University of Bologna, Via Irnerio 42, 40126, Bologna, Italy.
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9
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Gupta PK, Gharedaghloo B, Lynch M, Cheng J, Strack M, Charles TC, Price JS. Dynamics of microbial populations and diversity in NAPL contaminated peat soil under varying water table conditions. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2020; 191:110167. [PMID: 32926889 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2020.110167] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2020] [Revised: 08/17/2020] [Accepted: 09/07/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Despite the risks that hydrocarbon contamination from pipeline leaks or train derailments impose on the health of peatlands in hydrocarbon production areas and transportation corridors, assessing the effect of such contaminations on the health and sustainability of peatlands has received little attention. This study investigates the impacts of hydrocarbons on peat microbial communities. Column experiments were conducted on non-aqueous phase liquid (NAPL) contaminated undisturbed peat core (0-35 cm) under static and fluctuating water table conditions. Water table fluctuations reduced residual NAPL saturation from 8.1-11.3% to 7.7-9.5%. Biodegradation of n-C8 and n-C12 along with oxidation of CH4 together produced high CO2 concentrations in the headspace. Clear patterns in dynamics in the microbial community structure were observed, with a more pronounced population growth. However, a significant loss of microbial richness was observed in contaminated columns. The result indicates that the phylum Proteobacteria benefited most from NAPL; however, their families differed between static and fluctuating water table conditions. This study established strong evidence that peat microbes and water table fluctuation can be an excellent tool for hydrocarbon removal and its control in peatlands.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pankaj Kumar Gupta
- Department of Geography and Environmental Management, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, ON, N2L 3G1, Canada.
| | - Behrad Gharedaghloo
- Department of Geography and Environmental Management, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, ON, N2L 3G1, Canada; Aquanty Inc., Waterloo, ON, N2L5C6, Canada
| | - Michael Lynch
- Department of Biology, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, ON, N2L 3G1, Canada; Metagenom Bio, Waterloo, ON, N2L 5V4, Canada
| | - Jiujun Cheng
- Department of Biology, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, ON, N2L 3G1, Canada; Metagenom Bio, Waterloo, ON, N2L 5V4, Canada
| | - Maria Strack
- Department of Geography and Environmental Management, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, ON, N2L 3G1, Canada
| | - Trevor C Charles
- Department of Biology, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, ON, N2L 3G1, Canada; Metagenom Bio, Waterloo, ON, N2L 5V4, Canada
| | - Jonathan S Price
- Department of Geography and Environmental Management, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, ON, N2L 3G1, Canada
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10
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Harper CJ, Taylor EL, Krings M. Filamentous cyanobacteria preserved in masses of fungal hyphae from the Triassic of Antarctica. PeerJ 2020; 8:e8660. [PMID: 32175190 PMCID: PMC7058104 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.8660] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2019] [Accepted: 01/29/2020] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Permineralized peat from the central Transantarctic Mountains of Antarctica has provided a wealth of information on plant and fungal diversity in Middle Triassic high-latitude forest paleoecosystems; however, there are no reports as yet of algae or cyanobacteria. The first record of a fossil filamentous cyanobacterium in this peat consists of wide, uniseriate trichomes composed of discoid cells up to 25 µm wide, and enveloped in a distinct sheath. Filament morphology, structurally preserved by permineralization and mineral replacement, corresponds to the fossil genus Palaeo-lyngbya, a predominantly Precambrian equivalent of the extant Lyngbya sensu lato (Oscillatoriaceae, Oscillatoriales). Specimens occur exclusively in masses of interwoven hyphae produced by the fungus Endochaetophora antarctica, suggesting that a special micro-environmental setting was required to preserve the filaments. Whether some form of symbiotic relationship existed between the fungus and cyanobacterium remains unknown.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carla J. Harper
- SNSB-Bayerische Staatssammlung für Paläontologie und Geologie, Munich, Germany
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, and Biodiversity Institute and Natural History Museum, University of Kansas, Lawrence, KS, United States of America
- Botany Department, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Edith L. Taylor
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, and Biodiversity Institute and Natural History Museum, University of Kansas, Lawrence, KS, United States of America
| | - Michael Krings
- SNSB-Bayerische Staatssammlung für Paläontologie und Geologie, Munich, Germany
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, and Biodiversity Institute and Natural History Museum, University of Kansas, Lawrence, KS, United States of America
- Department für Geo- und Umweltwissenschaften, Paläontologie und Geobiologie, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität, Munich, Germany
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11
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Tian W, Xiang X, Ma L, Evers S, Wang R, Qiu X, Wang H. Rare Species Shift the Structure of Bacterial Communities Across Sphagnum Compartments in a Subalpine Peatland. Front Microbiol 2020; 10:3138. [PMID: 32038572 PMCID: PMC6986206 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2019.03138] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2019] [Accepted: 12/27/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Sphagnum-associated microbiomes are crucial to Sphagnum growth and peatland ecological functions. However, roles of rare species in bacterial communities across Sphagnum compartments are poorly understood. Here the structures of rare taxa (RT) and conditionally abundant and rare taxa (CART) from Sphagnum palustre peat (SP), S. palustre ectosphere (Ecto) and S. palustre endosphere (Endo) were investigated in the Dajiuhu Peatland, central China. Our results showed that plant compartment effects significantly altered the diversities and structures of bacterial communities. The Observed species and Simpson indices of RT and CART in alpha diversity significantly increased from Endo to SP, with those of Ecto in-between. The variations of community dissimilarities of RT and CART among compartments were consistent with those of whole bacterial communities (WBC). Network analysis indicated a non-random co-occurrence pattern of WBC and all keystone species are affiliated with RT and CART, indicating their important role in sustaining the WBC. Furthermore, the community structures of RT and CART in SP were significantly shaped by water table and total nitrogen content, which coincided with the correlations between WBC and environmental factors. Collectively, our results for the first time confirm the importance of rare species to bacterial communities through structural and predicted functional analyses, which expands our understanding of rare species in Sphagnum-associated microbial communities in subalpine peatlands.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen Tian
- State Key Laboratory of Biogeology and Environmental Geology, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan, China
| | - Xing Xiang
- State Key Laboratory of Biogeology and Environmental Geology, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan, China
| | - Liyuan Ma
- School of Environmental Studies, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan, China
| | - Stephanie Evers
- School of Natural Sciences and Psychology, Liverpool John Moores University, Liverpool, United Kingdom
- TROCARI (Tropical Catchment Research Initiative), Semenyih, Malaysia
| | - Ruicheng Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Biogeology and Environmental Geology, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan, China
| | - Xuan Qiu
- State Key Laboratory of Biogeology and Environmental Geology, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan, China
| | - Hongmei Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Biogeology and Environmental Geology, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan, China
- School of Environmental Studies, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan, China
- Laboratory of Basin Hydrology and Wetland Eco-Restoration, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan, China
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12
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Singer D, Metz S, Unrein F, Shimano S, Mazei Y, Mitchell EAD, Lara E. Contrasted Micro-Eukaryotic Diversity Associated with Sphagnum Mosses in Tropical, Subtropical and Temperate Climatic Zones. MICROBIAL ECOLOGY 2019; 78:714-724. [PMID: 30756135 DOI: 10.1007/s00248-019-01325-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2018] [Accepted: 01/14/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Sphagnum-dominated ecosystem plays major roles as carbon sinks at the global level. Associated microbial communities, in particular, eukaryotes, play significant roles in nutrient fixation and turnover. In order to understand better the ecological processes driven by these organisms, the first step is to characterise these associated organisms. We characterised the taxonomic diversity, and from this, inferred the functional diversity of microeukaryotes in Sphagnum mosses in tropical, subtropical and temperate climatic zones through an environmental DNA diversity metabarcoding survey of the V9 region of the gene coding for the RNA of the small subunit of the ribosomes (SSU rRNA). As microbial processes are strongly driven by temperatures, we hypothesised that saprotrophy would be highest in warm regions, whereas mixotrophy, an optimal strategy in oligotrophic environments, would peak under colder climates. Phylotype richness was higher in tropical and subtropical climatic zones than in the temperate region, mostly due to a higher diversity of animal parasites (i.e. Apicomplexa). Decomposers, and especially opportunistic yeasts and moulds, were more abundant under warmer climates, while mixotrophic organisms were more abundant under temperate climates. The dominance of decomposers, suggesting a higher heterotrophic activity under warmer climates, is coherent with the generally observed faster nutrient cycling at lower latitudes; this phenomenon is likely enhanced by higher inputs of nutrients most probably brought in the system by Metazoa, such as arthropods.
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Affiliation(s)
- David Singer
- Laboratory of Soil Biodiversity, Institute of Biology, University of Neuchâtel, Rue Emile-Argand 11, CH-2000, Neuchâtel, Switzerland.
- Department of Zoology, Institute of Biosciences, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, 05508-090, Brazil.
| | - Sebastian Metz
- Instituto de Investigaciones Biotecnológicas-Instituto Tecnológico de Chascomús (IIB-INTECH), UNSAM-CONICET, Av. Intendente Marino Km 8.200, (B 7130 IWA) Chascomús, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Fernando Unrein
- Instituto de Investigaciones Biotecnológicas-Instituto Tecnológico de Chascomús (IIB-INTECH), UNSAM-CONICET, Av. Intendente Marino Km 8.200, (B 7130 IWA) Chascomús, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Satoshi Shimano
- Science Research Center, Hosei University, Fujimi 2-17-1, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo, 102-8160, Japan
| | - Yuri Mazei
- Department of Hydrobiology, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Leninskiye gory, 1, Moscow, Russia, 119991
| | - Edward A D Mitchell
- Laboratory of Soil Biodiversity, Institute of Biology, University of Neuchâtel, Rue Emile-Argand 11, CH-2000, Neuchâtel, Switzerland
- Jardin Botanique de Neuchâtel, Chemin du Pertuis-du-Sault 58, CH-2000, Neuchâtel, Switzerland
| | - Enrique Lara
- Real Jardín Botánico, CSIC, Plaza de Murillo 2, 28014, Madrid, Spain
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13
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Tian W, Wang H, Xiang X, Wang R, Xu Y. Structural Variations of Bacterial Community Driven by Sphagnum Microhabitat Differentiation in a Subalpine Peatland. Front Microbiol 2019; 10:1661. [PMID: 31396183 PMCID: PMC6667737 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2019.01661] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2019] [Accepted: 07/04/2019] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Sphagnum microbiomes play an important role in the northern peatland ecosystems. However, information about above and belowground microbiomes related to Sphagnum at subtropical area remains largely limited. In this study, microbial communities from Sphagnum palustre peat, S. palustre green part, and S. palustre brown part at the Dajiuhu Peatland, in central China were investigated via 16S rRNA gene amplicon sequencing. Results indicated that Alphaproteobacteria was the dominant class in all samples, and the classes Acidobacteria and Gammaproteobacteria were abundant in S. palustre peat and S. palustre brown part samples, respectively. In contrast, the class Cyanobacteria dominated in S. palustre green part samples. Microhabitat differentiation mainly contributes to structural differences of bacterial microbiome. In the S. palustre peat, microbial communities were significantly shaped by water table and total nitrogen content. Our study is a systematical investigation on above and belowground bacterial microbiome in a subalpine Sphagnum peatland and the results offer new knowledge about the distribution of bacterial microbiome associated with different microhabitats in subtropical area.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen Tian
- State Key Laboratory of Biogeology and Environmental Geology, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan, China
| | - Hongmei Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Biogeology and Environmental Geology, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan, China
- Laboratory of Basin Hydrology and Wetland Eco-Restoration, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan, China
| | - Xing Xiang
- State Key Laboratory of Biogeology and Environmental Geology, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan, China
| | - Ruicheng Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Biogeology and Environmental Geology, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan, China
| | - Ying Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Biogeology and Environmental Geology, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan, China
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14
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Singer D, Kosakyan A, Seppey CVW, Pillonel A, Fernández LD, Fontaneto D, Mitchell EAD, Lara E. Environmental filtering and phylogenetic clustering correlate with the distribution patterns of cryptic protist species. Ecology 2018; 99:904-914. [DOI: 10.1002/ecy.2161] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2017] [Revised: 12/27/2017] [Accepted: 01/08/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- David Singer
- Laboratory of Soil Biodiversity; Institute of Biology; University of Neuchâtel; Rue Emile-Argand 11 CH-2000 Neuchâtel Switzerland
| | - Anush Kosakyan
- Laboratory of Soil Biodiversity; Institute of Biology; University of Neuchâtel; Rue Emile-Argand 11 CH-2000 Neuchâtel Switzerland
- Department of Zoology; Institute of Biosciences; University of São Paulo; São Paulo 05508 Brazil
- Institute of Parasitology, Biology Centre; Czech Academy of Sciences; Branisovska 31 České Budějovice 37005 Czech Republic
| | - Christophe V. W. Seppey
- Laboratory of Soil Biodiversity; Institute of Biology; University of Neuchâtel; Rue Emile-Argand 11 CH-2000 Neuchâtel Switzerland
- Microorganisms and Plants Group; Department of Arctic and Marine Biology; Faculty of Biosciences, Fisheries and Economics; University of Tromsø; Framstredet 39 9037 Tromsø Norway
| | - Amandine Pillonel
- Laboratory of Soil Biodiversity; Institute of Biology; University of Neuchâtel; Rue Emile-Argand 11 CH-2000 Neuchâtel Switzerland
| | - Leonardo D. Fernández
- Laboratory of Soil Biodiversity; Institute of Biology; University of Neuchâtel; Rue Emile-Argand 11 CH-2000 Neuchâtel Switzerland
- Laboratorio de Ecología Evolutiva y Filoinformática; Departamento de Zoología; Facultad de Ciencias Naturales y Oceanográficas; Universidad de Concepción; Barrio Universitario s/n, Casilla 160-C Concepción Chile
- Centro de Investigación en Recursos Naturales y Sustentabilidad (CIRENYS); Universidad Bernardo O'Higgins; Avenida Viel 1497 Santiago Chile
| | - Diego Fontaneto
- National Research Council of Italy; Institute of Ecosystem Study; 28922 Verbania Pallanza Italy
| | - Edward A. D. Mitchell
- Laboratory of Soil Biodiversity; Institute of Biology; University of Neuchâtel; Rue Emile-Argand 11 CH-2000 Neuchâtel Switzerland
- Jardin Botanique de Neuchâtel; Chemin du Perthuis-du-Sault 58 CH-2000 Neuchâtel Switzerland
| | - Enrique Lara
- Laboratory of Soil Biodiversity; Institute of Biology; University of Neuchâtel; Rue Emile-Argand 11 CH-2000 Neuchâtel Switzerland
- Real Jardín Botánico; CSIC; Plaza Murillo 2 ES 28014 Madrid Spain
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15
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Bielańska-Grajner I, Mieczan T, Cieplok A. Ecology of moss-dwelling rotifers in a raised bog: Differentiation of rotifer communities in microhabitats. Biologia (Bratisl) 2017. [DOI: 10.1515/biolog-2017-0014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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16
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Mieczan T, Tarkowska-Kukuryk M. Microbial Communities as Environmental Indicators of Ecological Disturbance in Restored Carbonate Fen-Results of 10 Years of Studies. MICROBIAL ECOLOGY 2017; 74:384-401. [PMID: 28265694 DOI: 10.1007/s00248-017-0957-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2017] [Accepted: 02/21/2017] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Interactions between bacteria and protists are essential to the ecosystem ecology of fens. Until now, however, there has been almost no information on how restoration procedures in carbonate fens affect the functioning of microbial food webs. Changes in vegetation patterns resulting from restoration may take years to be observed, whereas microbial processes display effects even after short-term exposure to changes in environmental conditions caused by restoration. Therefore, microbial processes and patterns can be used as sensitive indicators of changes in environmental conditions. The present study attempts to verify the hypothesis that the species richness and abundance of microbial loop components would differ substantially before and after restoration. The effect of restoration processes on the functioning of the food web was investigated for a 10 years in a carbonate-rich fen, before and after restoration. The restoration procedure (particularly the improvement in hydrological conditions) distinctly modified the taxonomic composition and functioning of microbial food webs. This is reflected in the increased abundance and diversity of testate amoeba, i.e. top predators, within the microbial food web and in the pronounced increase in the abundance of bacteria. This study suggests potential use of microbial loop components as bio-indicators and bio-monitoring tools for hydrological status of fens and concentrations of nutrients. Better understanding of what regulates microbial populations and activity in fens and unravelling of these fundamental mechanisms are particularly critical in order to more accurately predict how fens will respond to global change or anthropogenic disturbances.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomasz Mieczan
- Department of Hydrobiology, University of Life Sciences, Dobrzańskiego 37, 20-262, Lublin, Poland.
| | - Monika Tarkowska-Kukuryk
- Department of Hydrobiology, University of Life Sciences, Dobrzańskiego 37, 20-262, Lublin, Poland
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17
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Jassey VEJ, Signarbieux C, Hättenschwiler S, Bragazza L, Buttler A, Delarue F, Fournier B, Gilbert D, Laggoun-Défarge F, Lara E, T. E. Mills R, Mitchell EAD, Payne RJ, Robroek BJM. An unexpected role for mixotrophs in the response of peatland carbon cycling to climate warming. Sci Rep 2015; 5:16931. [PMID: 26603894 PMCID: PMC4658499 DOI: 10.1038/srep16931] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2015] [Accepted: 10/22/2015] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Mixotrophic protists are increasingly recognized for their significant contribution to carbon (C) cycling. As phototrophs they contribute to photosynthetic C fixation, whilst as predators of decomposers, they indirectly influence organic matter decomposition. Despite these direct and indirect effects on the C cycle, little is known about the responses of peatland mixotrophs to climate change and the potential consequences for the peatland C cycle. With a combination of field and microcosm experiments, we show that mixotrophs in the Sphagnum bryosphere play an important role in modulating peatland C cycle responses to experimental warming. We found that five years of consecutive summer warming with peaks of +2 to +8°C led to a 50% reduction in the biomass of the dominant mixotrophs, the mixotrophic testate amoebae (MTA). The biomass of other microbial groups (including decomposers) did not change, suggesting MTA to be particularly sensitive to temperature. In a microcosm experiment under controlled conditions, we then manipulated the abundance of MTA, and showed that the reported 50% reduction of MTA biomass in the field was linked to a significant reduction of net C uptake (-13%) of the entire Sphagnum bryosphere. Our findings suggest that reduced abundance of MTA with climate warming could lead to reduced peatland C fixation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vincent E. J. Jassey
- School of Architecture, Civil and Environmental Engineering (ENAC), Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne EPFL, Ecological Systems Laboratory (ECOS), Station 2, 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
- Swiss Federal Institute for Forest, Snow and Landscape Research (WSL), Site Lausanne, Station 2, 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Constant Signarbieux
- School of Architecture, Civil and Environmental Engineering (ENAC), Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne EPFL, Ecological Systems Laboratory (ECOS), Station 2, 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
- Swiss Federal Institute for Forest, Snow and Landscape Research (WSL), Site Lausanne, Station 2, 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Stephan Hättenschwiler
- Centre d’Ecologie Fonctionelle et Evolutive (CEFE), CNRS – Université de Montpellier – Université Paul-Valéry Montpellier – EPHE, 1919 route de Mende, 34293 Montpellier, France
| | - Luca Bragazza
- School of Architecture, Civil and Environmental Engineering (ENAC), Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne EPFL, Ecological Systems Laboratory (ECOS), Station 2, 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
- Swiss Federal Institute for Forest, Snow and Landscape Research (WSL), Site Lausanne, Station 2, 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
- University of Ferrara, Department of Life Science and Biotechnologies, Corso Ercole I d’Este 32, I-44121 Ferrara, Italy
| | - Alexandre Buttler
- School of Architecture, Civil and Environmental Engineering (ENAC), Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne EPFL, Ecological Systems Laboratory (ECOS), Station 2, 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
- Swiss Federal Institute for Forest, Snow and Landscape Research (WSL), Site Lausanne, Station 2, 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
- Université de Franche-Comté – Laboratoire Chrono-Environnement, UMR CNRS/UFC 6249, F-25211 Montbéliard cedex, France
| | - Frédéric Delarue
- Université d’Orléans, ISTO, UMR 7327, 45071 Orléans, France
- BRGM, ISTO, UMR 7327, BP 36009, 45060 Orléans, France
- CNRS/INSU, ISTO, UMR 7327, 45071 Orléans, France
| | - Bertrand Fournier
- University of Neuchâtel, Laboratory of Soil Biology, Rue Emile-Argand 11, CH-2000 Neuchâtel, Switzerland
| | - Daniel Gilbert
- Université de Franche-Comté – Laboratoire Chrono-Environnement, UMR CNRS/UFC 6249, F-25211 Montbéliard cedex, France
| | - Fatima Laggoun-Défarge
- Université d’Orléans, ISTO, UMR 7327, 45071 Orléans, France
- BRGM, ISTO, UMR 7327, BP 36009, 45060 Orléans, France
- CNRS/INSU, ISTO, UMR 7327, 45071 Orléans, France
| | - Enrique Lara
- University of Neuchâtel, Laboratory of Soil Biology, Rue Emile-Argand 11, CH-2000 Neuchâtel, Switzerland
| | - Robert T. E. Mills
- School of Architecture, Civil and Environmental Engineering (ENAC), Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne EPFL, Ecological Systems Laboratory (ECOS), Station 2, 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
- Swiss Federal Institute for Forest, Snow and Landscape Research (WSL), Site Lausanne, Station 2, 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Edward A. D. Mitchell
- University of Neuchâtel, Laboratory of Soil Biology, Rue Emile-Argand 11, CH-2000 Neuchâtel, Switzerland
- Jardin Botanique de Neuchâtel, Pertuis-du-Sault 56-58, CH-2000 Neuchâtel, Switzerland
| | | | - Bjorn J. M. Robroek
- School of Architecture, Civil and Environmental Engineering (ENAC), Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne EPFL, Ecological Systems Laboratory (ECOS), Station 2, 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
- Swiss Federal Institute for Forest, Snow and Landscape Research (WSL), Site Lausanne, Station 2, 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
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18
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Singer D, Kosakyan A, Pillonel A, Mitchell EA, Lara E. Eight species in the Nebela collaris complex: Nebela gimlii (Arcellinida, Hyalospheniidae), a new species described from a Swiss raised bog. Eur J Protistol 2015; 51:79-85. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejop.2014.11.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2014] [Revised: 11/04/2014] [Accepted: 11/18/2014] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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19
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Mieczan T, Tarkowska-Kukuryk M, Płaska W, Rechulicz J. Abiotic predictors of faunal communities in an ombrotrophic peatland lagg and an open peat bog. Isr J Ecol Evol 2014. [DOI: 10.1080/15659801.2014.978149] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
Most ecological research has hitherto focused more on sea and lake ecosystems than on peatland habitats. The primary objectives of this paper were to analyse the ciliate, rotifer, cladoceran, copepod and insect assemblages in a horizontal lagg and an open peat bog, and to assess the influence of physical and chemical parameters on their communities. Sampling was done in a transitional bog from May to October 2012 in a transect comprising the lagg and the open peatbog. The first two axes of a principal component analysis accounted for 49.8% of the total variance in the composition of the faunal communities studied. The distribution of samples in ordination space suggested that the habitats are distributed along the gradient of water level and the gradients of total organic carbon and nutrients. Assemblages of all groups investigated showed a strong compositional gradient correlated with surface water and phosphates. However, species composition of ciliates and rotifers was explained by conductivity and/or chlorophyll-a concentration. The results suggest that the lagg zone of a bog can function as an ecotone, with significantly greater species richness and abundance of faunal communities.
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Affiliation(s)
- T. Mieczan
- Department of Hydrobiology, University of Life Sciences
| | | | - W. Płaska
- Department of Hydrobiology, University of Life Sciences
| | - J. Rechulicz
- Department of Hydrobiology, University of Life Sciences
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20
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Lin X, Green S, Tfaily MM, Prakash O, Konstantinidis KT, Corbett JE, Chanton JP, Cooper WT, Kostka JE. Microbial community structure and activity linked to contrasting biogeochemical gradients in bog and fen environments of the Glacial Lake Agassiz Peatland. Appl Environ Microbiol 2012; 78:7023-31. [PMID: 22843538 PMCID: PMC3457479 DOI: 10.1128/aem.01750-12] [Citation(s) in RCA: 75] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2012] [Accepted: 07/20/2012] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The abundances, compositions, and activities of microbial communities were investigated at bog and fen sites in the Glacial Lake Agassiz Peatland of northwestern Minnesota. These sites contrast in the reactivity of dissolved organic matter (DOM) and the presence or absence of groundwater inputs. Microbial community composition was characterized using pyrosequencing and clone library construction of phylogenetic marker genes. Microbial distribution patterns were linked to pH, concentrations of dissolved organic carbon and nitrogen, C/N ratios, optical properties of DOM, and activities of laccase and peroxidase enzymes. Both bacterial and archaeal richness and rRNA gene abundance were >2 times higher on average in the fen than in the bog, in agreement with a higher pH, labile DOM content, and enhanced enzyme activities in the fen. Fungi were equivalent to an average of 1.4% of total prokaryotes in gene abundance assayed by quantitative PCR. Results revealed statistically distinct spatial patterns between bacterial and fungal communities. Fungal distribution did not covary with pH and DOM optical properties and was vertically stratified, with a prevalence of Ascomycota and Basidiomycota near the surface and much higher representation of Zygomycota in the subsurface. In contrast, bacterial community composition largely varied between environments, with the bog dominated by Acidobacteria (61% of total sequences), while the Firmicutes (52%) dominated in the fen. Acetoclastic Methanosarcinales showed a much higher relative abundance in the bog, in contrast to the dominance of diverse hydrogenotrophic methanogens in the fen. This is the first quantitative and compositional analysis of three microbial domains in peatlands and demonstrates that the microbial abundance, diversity, and activity parallel with the pronounced differences in environmental variables between bog and fen sites.
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Affiliation(s)
- X. Lin
- Georgia Institute of Technology, Schools of Biology and Earth & Atmospheric Sciences, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | - S. Green
- University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - M. M. Tfaily
- Florida State University, Department of Earth, Ocean and Atmospheric Science, Tallahassee, Florida, USA
| | - O. Prakash
- Georgia Institute of Technology, Schools of Biology and Earth & Atmospheric Sciences, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | - K. T. Konstantinidis
- Georgia Institute of Technology, School of Civil & Environmental Engineering, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | - J. E. Corbett
- Florida State University, Department of Earth, Ocean and Atmospheric Science, Tallahassee, Florida, USA
| | - J. P. Chanton
- Florida State University, Department of Earth, Ocean and Atmospheric Science, Tallahassee, Florida, USA
| | - W. T. Cooper
- Florida State University, Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry, Tallahassee, Florida, USA
| | - J. E. Kostka
- Georgia Institute of Technology, Schools of Biology and Earth & Atmospheric Sciences, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
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Jassey VEJ, Chiapusio G, Mitchell EAD, Binet P, Toussaint ML, Gilbert D. Fine-scale horizontal and vertical micro-distribution patterns of testate amoebae along a narrow Fen/Bog gradient. MICROBIAL ECOLOGY 2011; 61:374-85. [PMID: 20938656 DOI: 10.1007/s00248-010-9756-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2010] [Accepted: 09/23/2010] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
The ecology of peatland testate amoebae is well studied along broad gradient from very wet (pool) to dry (hummock) micro-sites where testate amoebae are often found to respond primarily to the depth to water table (DWT). Much less is known on their responses to finer-scale gradients, and nothing is known of their possible response to phenolic compounds, which play a key role in carbon storage in peatlands. We studied the vertical (0-3, 3-6, and 6-9 cm sampling depths) micro-distribution patterns of testate amoebae in the same microhabitat (Sphagnum fallax lawn) along a narrow ecological gradient between a poor fen with an almost flat and homogeneous Sphagnum carpet (fen) and a "young bog" (bog) with more marked micro-topography and mosaic of poor fen and bog vegetation. We analyzed the relationships between the testate amoeba data and three sets of variables (1) "chemical" (pH, Eh potential, and conductivity), (2) "physical" (water temperature, altitude, i.e., Sphagnum mat micro-topography, and DWT), and (3) phenolic compounds in/from Sphagnum (water-soluble and primarily bound phenolics) as well as the habitat (fen/bog) and the sampling depth. Testate amoeba Shannon H' diversity, equitability J of communities, and total density peaked in lower parts of Sphagnum, but the patterns differed between the fen and bog micro-sites. Redundancy analyses revealed that testate amoeba communities differed significantly in relation to Eh, conductivity, water temperature, altitude, water-soluble phenolics, habitat, and sampling depth, but not to DWT, pH, or primarily bound phenolics. The sensitivity of testate amoebae to weak environmental gradients makes them particularly good integrators of micro-environmental variations and has implications for their use in paleoecology and environmental monitoring. The correlation between testate amoeba communities and the concentration of water-soluble phenolic suggests direct (e.g., physiological) and/or indirect (e.g., through impact on prey organisms) effects on testate amoebae, which requires further research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vincent E J Jassey
- Laboratory of Chrono-Environment UMR-CNRS 6249, University of Franche-Comté, 25211 Montbéliard cedex, France,
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