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Candido MF, Medeiros M, Veronez LC, Bastos D, Oliveira KL, Pezuk JA, Valera ET, Brassesco MS. Drugging Hijacked Kinase Pathways in Pediatric Oncology: Opportunities and Current Scenario. Pharmaceutics 2023; 15:pharmaceutics15020664. [PMID: 36839989 PMCID: PMC9966033 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics15020664] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2022] [Revised: 02/09/2023] [Accepted: 02/10/2023] [Indexed: 02/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Childhood cancer is considered rare, corresponding to ~3% of all malignant neoplasms in the human population. The World Health Organization (WHO) reports a universal occurrence of more than 15 cases per 100,000 inhabitants around the globe, and despite improvements in diagnosis, treatment and supportive care, one child dies of cancer every 3 min. Consequently, more efficient, selective and affordable therapeutics are still needed in order to improve outcomes and avoid long-term sequelae. Alterations in kinases' functionality is a trademark of cancer and the concept of exploiting them as drug targets has burgeoned in academia and in the pharmaceutical industry of the 21st century. Consequently, an increasing plethora of inhibitors has emerged. In the present study, the expression patterns of a selected group of kinases (including tyrosine receptors, members of the PI3K/AKT/mTOR and MAPK pathways, coordinators of cell cycle progression, and chromosome segregation) and their correlation with clinical outcomes in pediatric solid tumors were accessed through the R2: Genomics Analysis and Visualization Platform and by a thorough search of published literature. To further illustrate the importance of kinase dysregulation in the pathophysiology of pediatric cancer, we analyzed the vulnerability of different cancer cell lines against their inhibition through the Cancer Dependency Map portal, and performed a search for kinase-targeted compounds with approval and clinical applicability through the CanSAR knowledgebase. Finally, we provide a detailed literature review of a considerable set of small molecules that mitigate kinase activity under experimental testing and clinical trials for the treatment of pediatric tumors, while discuss critical challenges that must be overcome before translation into clinical options, including the absence of compounds designed specifically for childhood tumors which often show differential mutational burdens, intrinsic and acquired resistance, lack of selectivity and adverse effects on a growing organism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marina Ferreira Candido
- Department of Cell Biology, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto 14049-900, SP, Brazil
| | - Mariana Medeiros
- Regional Blood Center, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto 14049-900, SP, Brazil
| | - Luciana Chain Veronez
- Department of Pediatrics, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto 14049-900, SP, Brazil
| | - David Bastos
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Philosophy, Sciences and Letters at Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto 14040-901, SP, Brazil
| | - Karla Laissa Oliveira
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Philosophy, Sciences and Letters at Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto 14040-901, SP, Brazil
| | - Julia Alejandra Pezuk
- Departament of Biotechnology and Innovation, Anhanguera University of São Paulo, UNIAN/SP, São Paulo 04119-001, SP, Brazil
| | - Elvis Terci Valera
- Department of Pediatrics, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto 14049-900, SP, Brazil
| | - María Sol Brassesco
- Departament of Biotechnology and Innovation, Anhanguera University of São Paulo, UNIAN/SP, São Paulo 04119-001, SP, Brazil
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +55-16-3315-9144; Fax: +55-16-3315-4886
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Lancho O, Singh A, da Silva-Diz V, Aleksandrova M, Khatun J, Tottone L, Nunes PR, Luo S, Zhao C, Zheng H, Chiles E, Zuo Z, Rocha PP, Su X, Khiabanian H, Herranz D. A Therapeutically Targetable NOTCH1-SIRT1-KAT7 Axis in T-cell Leukemia. Blood Cancer Discov 2023; 4:12-33. [PMID: 36322781 PMCID: PMC9818047 DOI: 10.1158/2643-3230.bcd-22-0098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2022] [Revised: 09/22/2022] [Accepted: 10/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
Abstract
T-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (T-ALL) is a NOTCH1-driven disease in need of novel therapies. Here, we identify a NOTCH1-SIRT1-KAT7 link as a therapeutic vulnerability in T-ALL, in which the histone deacetylase SIRT1 is overexpressed downstream of a NOTCH1-bound enhancer. SIRT1 loss impaired leukemia generation, whereas SIRT1 overexpression accelerated leukemia and conferred resistance to NOTCH1 inhibition in a deacetylase-dependent manner. Moreover, pharmacologic or genetic inhibition of SIRT1 resulted in significant antileukemic effects. Global acetyl proteomics upon SIRT1 loss uncovered hyperacetylation of KAT7 and BRD1, subunits of a histone acetyltransferase complex targeting H4K12. Metabolic and gene-expression profiling revealed metabolic changes together with a transcriptional signature resembling KAT7 deletion. Consistently, SIRT1 loss resulted in reduced H4K12ac, and overexpression of a nonacetylatable KAT7-mutant partly rescued SIRT1 loss-induced proliferation defects. Overall, our results uncover therapeutic targets in T-ALL and reveal a circular feedback mechanism balancing deacetylase/acetyltransferase activation with potentially broad relevance in cancer. SIGNIFICANCE We identify a T-ALL axis whereby NOTCH1 activates SIRT1 through an enhancer region, and SIRT1 deacetylates and activates KAT7. Targeting SIRT1 shows antileukemic effects, partly mediated by KAT7 inactivation. Our results reveal T-ALL therapeutic targets and uncover a rheostat mechanism between deacetylase/acetyltransferase activities with potentially broader cancer relevance. This article is highlighted in the In This Issue feature, p. 1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olga Lancho
- Rutgers Cancer Institute of New Jersey, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, New Jersey
| | - Amartya Singh
- Rutgers Cancer Institute of New Jersey, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, New Jersey.,Center for Systems and Computational Biology, Rutgers Cancer Institute of New Jersey, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, New Jersey
| | - Victoria da Silva-Diz
- Rutgers Cancer Institute of New Jersey, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, New Jersey
| | - Maya Aleksandrova
- Rutgers Cancer Institute of New Jersey, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, New Jersey
| | - Jesminara Khatun
- Rutgers Cancer Institute of New Jersey, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, New Jersey
| | - Luca Tottone
- Rutgers Cancer Institute of New Jersey, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, New Jersey
| | - Patricia Renck Nunes
- Rutgers Cancer Institute of New Jersey, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, New Jersey
| | - Shirley Luo
- Rutgers Cancer Institute of New Jersey, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, New Jersey
| | - Caifeng Zhao
- Biological Mass Spectrometry Facility, Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, Rutgers University, Piscataway, New Jersey
| | - Haiyan Zheng
- Biological Mass Spectrometry Facility, Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, Rutgers University, Piscataway, New Jersey
| | - Eric Chiles
- Rutgers Cancer Institute of New Jersey, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, New Jersey
| | - Zhenyu Zuo
- Unit on Genome Structure and Regulation, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Pedro P. Rocha
- Unit on Genome Structure and Regulation, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland.,National Cancer Institute, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Xiaoyang Su
- Rutgers Cancer Institute of New Jersey, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, New Jersey.,Department of Medicine, Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, New Jersey
| | - Hossein Khiabanian
- Rutgers Cancer Institute of New Jersey, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, New Jersey.,Center for Systems and Computational Biology, Rutgers Cancer Institute of New Jersey, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, New Jersey.,Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, New Jersey
| | - Daniel Herranz
- Rutgers Cancer Institute of New Jersey, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, New Jersey.,Department of Pharmacology, Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, Rutgers University, Piscataway, New Jersey.,Department of Pediatrics, Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, New Jersey.,Corresponding Author: Daniel Herranz, Department of Pharmacology and Pediatrics, Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, Rutgers Cancer Institute of New Jersey, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, 195 Little Albany Street, Office Room 3037, Lab Room 3026, New Brunswick, NJ 08901. Phone: 1-732-235-4064; E-mail:
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3
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Xia J, Wang M, Zhu Y, Bu C, Li T. Differential mRNA and long noncoding RNA expression profiles in pediatric B-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia patients. BMC Pediatr 2022; 22:10. [PMID: 34980027 PMCID: PMC8722040 DOI: 10.1186/s12887-021-03073-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2021] [Accepted: 12/10/2021] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) are transcripts longer than 200 nucleotides (nt) that are involved in the pathogenesis and development of various cancers including B cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (B-ALL). To determine the potential roles of lncRNAs involved in pathogenesis of B-ALL, we analyzed the expression profile of lncRNAs and mRNAs in B-ALL, respectively, and constructed lncRNAs/mRNAs interaction network. METHODS We performed RNA sequencing of 10 non-leukemic blood disease donors and 10 B-ALL patients for Gene Ontology (GO) and the Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) analysis. Interactions among mRNAs were predicted using the STRING database. Quantitative real time PCR (qRT-PCR) was performed to verify the RNA-seq data of lncRNAs and mRNAs. Potential functions of subtype-specific lncRNAs were determined by using coexpression-based analysis on distally (trans-pattern) located protein-coding genes. RESULTS A total of 1813 differentially expressed transcripts (DETs) and 2203 lncRNAs were identified. Moreover, 10 dysregulated lncRNAs and 10 mRNAs were randomly selected, and further assessed by RT-qPCR in vitro. Go and KEGG analysis demonstrated that the differentially expressed mRNAs were most closely associated with myeloid leukocyte activation and in transcriptional misregulation in cancer, respectively. In addition, co-expression analysis demonstrated that these lncRNAs, including MSTRG.27994.3, MSTRG.21740.1, ENST00000456341, MSTRG.14224.1 and MSTRG.20153.1, may mediate the pathogenesis and development of B-ALL via lncRNA-mRNA network interactions. CONCLUSIONS These results showed that several mRNAs and lncRNAs are aberrantly expressed in the bone marrow of B-ALL patients and play potential roles in B-ALL development, and be useful for diagnostic and/or prognostic purposes in pediatric B-ALL. DATA AVAILABILITY The datasets used during our study are available through HARVARD Dataverse Persistent ID doi: https://doi.org/10.7910/DVN/LK9T4Z .
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Xia
- Department of Pediatric Laboratory, The Affiliated Wuxi Children's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Wuxi, 214000, Jiangsu, China
| | - Mengjie Wang
- Department of hematology & oncology, The Affiliated Wuxi Children's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Wuxi, 214000, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yi Zhu
- Department of hematology & oncology, The Affiliated Wuxi Children's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Wuxi, 214000, Jiangsu, China
| | - Chaozhi Bu
- Center of Reproductive Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Research Institute for Reproductive Health and Genetic Diseases, The Affiliated Wuxi Matemity and Child Health Care Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Wuxi, 214002, Jiangsu, China.
| | - Tianyu Li
- Department of hematology & oncology, The Affiliated Wuxi Children's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Wuxi, 214000, Jiangsu, China.
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Abdelhafeez HEDA, Hamid FFA, Hassan NM, Assem MM, Soliman AF. Relative expression and prognostic significance of forkhead box P3 in childhood B-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia. Pediatr Blood Cancer 2021; 68:e29129. [PMID: 34133057 DOI: 10.1002/pbc.29129] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2021] [Revised: 04/17/2021] [Accepted: 05/07/2021] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Despite the favorable survival rates of childhood B-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (B-ALL), a significant number of patients present a dismal prognosis. Forkhead box P3 (FOXP3), a marker of regulatory T cells, functions as a transcription factor involved in immune cell regulation, and its expression correlates with prognosis in many malignancies. Therefore, this study aimed to assess the relative gene expression level of FOXP3 in childhood B-ALL and to detect its prognostic utility. METHODS The study included 139 bone marrow samples obtained from 112 patients at diagnosis and 27 healthy children. Following extraction, RNA was reverse transcribed and the relative expression level of FOXP3 was quantified by quantitative PCR. Cytogenetics, immunophenotype, and minimal residual disease were analyzed according to international guidelines. RESULTS A highly significant overexpression of FOXP3 was detected in childhood B-ALL patients at diagnosis, which was associated with a stronger risk for disease relapse and patients' worse survival. Moreover, multivariate regression models highlighted the independent prognostic value of FOXP3 for childhood B-ALL. Finally, the combination of FOXP3 relative expression with clinically used disease markers clearly enhanced the prediction of treatment stratification. CONCLUSIONS High FOXP3 relative expression was associated with inferior outcome suggesting its potentiality as a molecular prognostic marker to predict childhood B-ALL patients' outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Fatma F Abdel Hamid
- Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Naglaa M Hassan
- Clinical Pathology Department, National Cancer Institute, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Magda M Assem
- Clinical Pathology Department, National Cancer Institute, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Ahmed F Soliman
- Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt
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Najafi Dorcheh S, Rahgozar S, Talei D. 6-Shogaol induces apoptosis in acute lymphoblastic leukaemia cells by targeting p53 signalling pathway and generation of reactive oxygen species. J Cell Mol Med 2021; 25:6148-6160. [PMID: 33939282 PMCID: PMC8406487 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.16528] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2020] [Revised: 03/22/2021] [Accepted: 03/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Combination therapies, using medicinal herbs, are broadly recommended to attenuate the chemotherapy adverse effects. Based on our previous findings considering the anti-leukaemic effects of ginger extract on acute lymphoblastic leukaemia (ALL) cells, the present study was aimed to investigate the anti-cancer role of this pharmaceutical plant on ALL mice models. Moreover, we worked towards identifying the most anti-leukaemic derivative of ginger and the mechanism through which it may exert its cytotoxic impact. In vivo experiments were performed using five groups of six C57BL/6 nude mice, and the anti-leukaemic activity of ginger extract alone or in combination with methotrexate (MTX) was examined. Results showed increased survival rate and reduced damages in mice brain and liver tissues. Subsequently, MTT assay demonstrated synergistic growth inhibitory effect of 6-shogaol (6Sh) and MTX on ALL cell lines and patients primary cells. Eventually, the molecular anti-neoplastic mechanism of 6Sh was evaluated using Bioinformatics. Flow cytometry illustrated 6Sh-mediated apoptosis in Nalm-6 cells confirmed by Western blotting and RT-PCR assays. Further analyses exhibited the generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) through 6Sh. The current study revealed the in vivo novel anti-leukaemic role of ginger extract, promoted by MTX. Moreover, 6-shogaol was introduced as the major player of ginger cytotoxicity through inducing p53 activity and ROS generation.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Daryush Talei
- Medicinal Plants Research CenterShahed UniversityTehranIran
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CD19 Chimeric Antigen Receptor-Exosome Targets CD19 Positive B-lineage Acute Lymphocytic Leukemia and Induces Cytotoxicity. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:cancers13061401. [PMID: 33808645 PMCID: PMC8003442 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13061401] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2021] [Revised: 02/25/2021] [Accepted: 03/17/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Our research describes our designer exosomes express CD19 Chimeric Antigen Receptor (Exo-CD19 CAR). This novel Exo-CD19 CAR is cytotoxic for CD19-positive leukemia B-cells without interfering with cytotoxicity in CD19-negative cells. This innovation can be translated into broader clinical applications as CD19 CAR exosome-based nano-immunotherapy for B-cell leukemia instead of whole CD19 CAR T-cell immunotherapy. Abstract CAR-T cell therapy is not without some clinical adverse effects, namely cytokine storms, due to a massive release of cytokines when CAR-T cells multiply in the body. Our goal was to develop exosomes expressing CD19 CAR to treat CD19-positive B-cell malignancies, instead of using whole CD19 CAR-T cells, thereby reducing the clinical risk of uncontrolled cytokine storms. Exosomes are extracellular nanovesicles (30–150 nm), composed of lipids, proteins, and nucleic acids, that carry the fingerprint of their parent cells. Exosomes are a preferred delivery system in nano-immunotherapy. Here, HEK293T parent cells were transduced with CD19 CAR plasmids and cellular CD19 CAR expression was confirmed. Exosomes (Exo-CD19 CAR) were isolated from the conditioned medium of non-transduced (WT) and CD19 CAR plasmid transduced HEK293T cells. Consequently, CD19 B-lineage leukemia cell lines were co-cultured with Exo-CD19 CAR and cell death was measured. Our data show that Exo-CD19 CAR treatment induced cytotoxicity and elevated pro-apoptotic genes in CD19-positive leukemia B-cells without inducing cell death in CD19-negative cells. Overall, the novel CD19 CAR exosomes target the CD19 surface antigens of leukemic B-cells and can induce contact-dependent cytotoxicity.
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Choi JY, Hong CR, Hong KT, Kang HJ, Kim S, Lee JW, Jang PS, Chung NG, Cho B, Kim H, Koh KN, Im HJ, Seo JJ, Hahn SM, Han JW, Lyu CJ, Yang EJ, Lim YT, Yoo KH, Koo HH, Kook H, Jeon IS, Cho H, Shin HY. Effectiveness and Safety of Clofarabine Monotherapy or Combination Treatment in Relapsed/Refractory Childhood Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia: A Pragmatic, Non-interventional Study in Korea. Cancer Res Treat 2021; 53:1184-1194. [PMID: 33421973 PMCID: PMC8524030 DOI: 10.4143/crt.2020.289] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2020] [Accepted: 01/02/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose Effectiveness and safety of clofarabine (one of the treatment mainstays in pediatric patients with relapsed/refractory acute lymphoblastic leukemia [ALL]) was assessed in Korean pediatric patients with ALL to facilitate conditional coverage with evidence development. Materials and Methods In this multicenter, prospective, observational study, patients receiving clofarabine as mono/combination therapy were followed up every 4–6 weeks for 6 months or until hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT). Response rates, survival outcomes, and adverse events were assessed. Results Sixty patients (2–26 years old; 65% B-cell ALL, received prior ≥ 2 regimen, 68.3% refractory to previous regimen) were enrolled and treated with at least one dose of clofarabine; of whom 26 (43.3%) completed 6 months of follow-up after the last dose of clofarabine. Fifty-eight patients (96.7%) received clofarabine combination therapy. Overall remission rate (complete remission [CR] or CR without platelet recovery [CRp]) was 45.0% (27/60; 95% confidence interval [CI], 32.4 to 57.6) and the overall response rate (CR, CRp, or partial remission [PR]) was 46.7% (28/60; 95% CI, 34.0 to 59.3), with 11 (18.3%), 16 (26.7%), and one (1.7%) patients achieving CR, CRp, and PR, respectively. The median time to remission was 5.1 weeks (95% CI, 4.7 to 6.1). Median duration of remission was 16.6 weeks (range, 2.0 to 167.6 weeks). Sixteen patients (26.7%) proceeded to HSCT. There were 24 deaths; 14 due to treatment-emergent adverse events. Conclusion Remission with clofarabine was observed in approximately half of the study patients who had overall expected safety profile; however, there was no favorable long-term survival outcome in this study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jung Yoon Choi
- Department of Pediatrics, Seoul National University Cancer Research Institute, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Che Ry Hong
- Department of Pediatrics, Seoul National University Cancer Research Institute, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Kyung Taek Hong
- Department of Pediatrics, Seoul National University Cancer Research Institute, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Hyoung Jin Kang
- Department of Pediatrics, Seoul National University Cancer Research Institute, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Seongkoo Kim
- Department of Pediatrics, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jae-Wook Lee
- Department of Pediatrics, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea
| | - Pil Sang Jang
- Department of Pediatrics, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea
| | - Nack-Gyun Chung
- Department of Pediatrics, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea
| | - Bin Cho
- Department of Pediatrics, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea
| | - Hyery Kim
- Division of Pediatric Hematology/Oncology, Department of Pediatrics, Asan Medical Center Children's Hospital, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Kyung-Nam Koh
- Division of Pediatric Hematology/Oncology, Department of Pediatrics, Asan Medical Center Children's Hospital, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Ho Joon Im
- Division of Pediatric Hematology/Oncology, Department of Pediatrics, Asan Medical Center Children's Hospital, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jong Jin Seo
- Division of Pediatric Hematology/Oncology, Department of Pediatrics, Asan Medical Center Children's Hospital, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Seung Min Hahn
- Division of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, Department of Pediatrics, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Yonsei University Health System, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jung Woo Han
- Division of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, Department of Pediatrics, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Yonsei University Health System, Seoul, Korea
| | - Chuhl Joo Lyu
- Division of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, Department of Pediatrics, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Yonsei University Health System, Seoul, Korea
| | - Eu Jeen Yang
- Department of Pediatrics, Pusan National University Children's Hospital, Pusan National University School of Medicine, Yangsan, Korea
| | - Young Tak Lim
- Department of Pediatrics, Pusan National University Children's Hospital, Pusan National University School of Medicine, Yangsan, Korea
| | - Keon Hee Yoo
- Department of Pediatrics, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Hong Hoe Koo
- Department of Pediatrics, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Hoon Kook
- Department of Pediatrics, Chonnam National University Hwasun Hospital, Chonnam National University Medical School, Hwasun, Korea
| | - In Sang Jeon
- Department of Pediatrics, Gachon University, Gil Medical Center, Incheon, Korea
| | - Hana Cho
- Employee of Sanofi Aventis, Korea
| | - Hee Young Shin
- Department of Pediatrics, Seoul National University Cancer Research Institute, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
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Li C, Zhao T, Nie L, Zou Y, Zhang Q. MicroRNA-223 decreases cell proliferation, migration, invasion, and enhances cell apoptosis in childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia via targeting Forkhead box O 1. Biosci Rep 2020; 40:BSR20200485. [PMID: 32964916 PMCID: PMC7538682 DOI: 10.1042/bsr20200485] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2020] [Revised: 09/15/2020] [Accepted: 09/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) is a frequent malignancy in childhood. The present study was aimed to investigate the effect of miR-223 in ALL and its underlying molecular mechanisms. METHODS The mRNA expression of miR-223 and FOXO1 was detected by qRT-RCR in ALL children. The correlation between miR-223 and clinical indexes of ALL was determined. CCRF-CEM and NALM-6 cells were transfected with miR-223 mimic and miR-223 inhibitor, respectively. The proliferation, apoptosis, invasion and migration of CCRF-CEM and NALM-6 cells were measured by MTT, flow cytometry and transwell assay. The protein expression of FOXO1 was detected by Western blot. Additionally, dual-luciferase reporter and RNA pull-down assay were performed to investigate the target gene of miR-223 and validate their targeting relationship. RESULTS The mRNA expression of miR-223 was markedly down-regulated in ALL, but FOXO1 was up-regulated. The protein expression of FOXO1 was highly expressed in CCRF-CEM and NALM-6 cells. The expression of miR-223 was related to WBC, PLT, RBC and risk stratification. Overexpression of miR-223 not only inhibited cell proliferation, migration and invasion, but also induced cell apoptosis. Importantly, FOXO1 was a target gene of miR-223 in ALL cells. Silencing of FOXO1 reversed the effects of miR-223 inhibitor on cell proliferation, migration, invasion and apoptosis in ALL. CONCLUSIONS miR-223 could inhibit cell proliferation, migration and invasion, and promote apoptosis by targeting FOXO1 in ALL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chunyu Li
- Department of Pediatrics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jiamusi University, No. 348 dexiang Street, Jiamusi City, Heilongjiang Province 154002, China
| | - Tana Zhao
- Department of Pediatrics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jiamusi University, No. 348 dexiang Street, Jiamusi City, Heilongjiang Province 154002, China
| | - Lei Nie
- Department of Pediatrics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jiamusi University, No. 348 dexiang Street, Jiamusi City, Heilongjiang Province 154002, China
| | - Yanhong Zou
- Department of Pediatrics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jiamusi University, No. 348 dexiang Street, Jiamusi City, Heilongjiang Province 154002, China
| | - Quan Zhang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Jiamusi Central Hospital, No. 256, Zhongshan Street, Xiangyang District, Jiamusi City, Heilongjiang Province 154002, China
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Vincristine and prednisone regulates cellular and exosomal miR-181a expression differently within the first time diagnosed and the relapsed leukemia B cells. Leuk Res Rep 2020; 14:100221. [PMID: 33094092 PMCID: PMC7568182 DOI: 10.1016/j.lrr.2020.100221] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2020] [Revised: 09/18/2020] [Accepted: 09/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
We explored the effect of vincristine and prednisone on cellular and exosomal miR-181a expression in first time diagnosed leukemia and relapsed leukemia. Vincristine and prednisone induced apoptosis/pro-apoptotic genes in first time diagnosed leukemia, and suppressed the cellular and exosomal miR-181a expression. In contrast, vincristine and prednisone could not induce apoptosis/pro-apoptotic genes in relapsed leukemia, and could not change the expression of cellular or exosomal miR-181a. In conclusion, the non-suppressive nature of miR-181a in relapsed leukemia might contribute to the chemo-resistance and this suggests a potential role of miR-181a-inhibitor along with the chemotherapy in the treatment of relapsed leukemia.
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10
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Haque S, Vaiselbuh SR. Silencing of Exosomal miR-181a Reverses Pediatric Acute Lymphocytic Leukemia Cell Proliferation. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2020; 13:ph13090241. [PMID: 32932883 PMCID: PMC7558769 DOI: 10.3390/ph13090241] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2020] [Revised: 08/31/2020] [Accepted: 09/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Exosomes are cell-generated nano-vesicles found in most biological fluids. Major components of their cargo are lipids, proteins, RNA, DNA, and non-coding RNAs. The miRNAs carried within exosomes reveal real-time information regarding disease status in leukemia and other cancers, and therefore exosomes have been studied as novel biomarkers for cancer. We investigated the impact of exosomes on cell proliferation in pediatric acute lymphocytic leukemia (PALL) and its reversal by silencing of exo-miR-181a. We isolated exosomes from the serum of PALL patients (Exo-PALL) and conditioned medium of leukemic cell lines (Exo-CM). We found that Exo-PALL promotes cell proliferation in leukemic B cell lines by gene regulation. This exosome-induced cell proliferation is a precise event with the up-regulation of proliferative (PCNA, Ki-67) and pro-survival genes (MCL-1, and BCL2) and suppression of pro-apoptotic genes (BAD, BAX). Exo-PALL and Exo-CM both show over expression of miR-181a compared to healthy donor control exosomes (Exo-HD). Specific silencing of exosomal miR-181a using a miR-181a inhibitor confirms that miR-181a inhibitor treatment reverses Exo-PALL/Exo-CM-induced leukemic cell proliferation in vitro. Altogether, this study suggests that exosomal miR-181a inhibition can be a novel target for growth suppression in pediatric lymphatic leukemia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shabirul Haque
- Feinstein Institute for Medical Research, Northwell Health, 350 Community Drive, Manhasset, NY 11030, USA;
- Correspondence: or
| | - Sarah R. Vaiselbuh
- Feinstein Institute for Medical Research, Northwell Health, 350 Community Drive, Manhasset, NY 11030, USA;
- Department of Pediatrics, Staten Island University Hospital, Northwell Health, 475 Seaview Ave, Staten Island, NY 10305, USA
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11
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Olivier-Gougenheim L, Arfeuille C, Suciu S, Sirvent N, Plat G, Ferster A, de Moerloose B, Domenech C, Uyttebroeck A, Rohrlich PS, Cavé H, Bertrand Y. Pediatric randomized trial EORTC CLG 58951: Outcome for adolescent population with acute lymphoblastic leukemia. Hematol Oncol 2020; 38:763-772. [PMID: 32809224 DOI: 10.1002/hon.2791] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2020] [Revised: 08/08/2020] [Accepted: 08/11/2020] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Over the years, the prognosis of adolescents treated for acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) has improved. However, this age group still represents a challenge with an overall survival (OS) of 60% compared to 85% in younger children. Herein, we report the outcome of adolescents treated in the European Organisation for Research and Treatment of Cancer (EORTC) 58951 clinical trial. EORTC 58951 clinical trial included patients with de novo ALL between 1998 and 2008. For this study, we analyzed data of all adolescents between 15 and under 18. Data from 97 adolescents were analyzed, 70 had B-lineage and 27 had T-lineage ALL. The 8-year event-free survival (EFS) and OS for the B-cell precursor ALL cases were 72.3% (59.4%-81.7%) and 80.8% (67.4%-89.1%), respectively. For the T-lineage, the 8-year EFS and OS were 57.4% (36.1%-74.0%) and 59.0% (36.1%-76.2%), respectively. "B-other" ALL, defined as BCP-ALL lacking any known recurrent genetic abnormalities were more frequent in our adolescent population (52.8%) than in younger children (27.1%). Outcome of adolescents in the EORTC 58951 study is supporting the findings that adolescents have better outcome in pediatric compared to adults' trials. Nevertheless, in pediatric studies, adolescents still have a worse prognosis than younger children. Despite the fact that specific unfavorable characteristics may be linked to the adolescent population, a careful study and characterization of adolescents "B-other" genetic abnormalities in ALL is critical to improve the outcome of this population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Olivier-Gougenheim
- Institute of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, Hospices Civils de Lyon, Claude Bernard Lyon I University, Lyon, France
| | - Chloe Arfeuille
- Department of Genetic Biochemistry, Robert-Debré Hospital, AP-HP and University of Paris-Diderot, Paris, France
| | - Stefan Suciu
- European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer (EORTC), EORTC Headquarters, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Nicolas Sirvent
- Department of Pediatric and Adolescent Hematology-Oncology, Arnaud de Villeneuve Children's Hospital, Montpellier, France
| | - Geneviève Plat
- Department of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, Toulouse University Hospital, Toulouse, France
| | - Alina Ferster
- Department of Hematology-Oncology, Reine Fabiola Children Hospital, Brussels, Belgium
| | | | - Carine Domenech
- Institute of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, Hospices Civils de Lyon, Claude Bernard Lyon I University, Lyon, France
| | - Anne Uyttebroeck
- Department of Pediatric Hematology-Oncology, University Hospitals Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | | | - Helene Cavé
- Department of Genetic Biochemistry, Robert-Debré Hospital, AP-HP and University of Paris-Diderot, Paris, France
| | - Yves Bertrand
- Institute of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, Hospices Civils de Lyon, Claude Bernard Lyon I University, Lyon, France
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12
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Szczepanek J. Role of microRNA dysregulation in childhood acute leukemias: Diagnostics, monitoring and therapeutics: A comprehensive review. World J Clin Oncol 2020; 11:348-369. [PMID: 32855905 PMCID: PMC7426929 DOI: 10.5306/wjco.v11.i6.348] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2020] [Revised: 05/18/2020] [Accepted: 05/22/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are short noncoding RNAs that regulate the expression of genes by sequence-specific binding to mRNA to either promote or block its translation; they can also act as tumor suppressors (e.g., let-7b, miR-29a, miR-99, mir-100, miR-155, and miR-181) and/or oncogenes (e.g., miR-29a, miR-125b, miR-143-p3, mir-155, miR-181, miR-183, miR-196b, and miR-223) in childhood acute leukemia (AL). Differentially expressed miRNAs are important factors associated with the initiation and progression of AL. As shown in many studies, they can be used as noninvasive diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers, which are useful in monitoring early stages of AL development or during therapy (e.g., miR-125b, miR-146b, miR-181c, and miR-4786), accurate classification of different cellular or molecular AL subgroups (e.g., let-7b, miR-98, miR-100, miR-128b, and miR-223), and identification and development of new therapeutic agents (e.g., mir-10, miR-125b, miR-203, miR-210, miR-335). Specific miRNA patterns have also been described for commonly used AL therapy drugs (e.g., miR-125b and miR-223 for doxorubicin, miR-335 and miR-1208 for prednisolone, and miR-203 for imatinib), uncovering miRNAs that are associated with treatment response. In the current review, the role of miRNAs in the development, progression, and therapy monitoring of pediatric ALs will be presented and discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joanna Szczepanek
- Centre for Modern Interdisciplinary Technologies, Nicolaus Copernicus University, Toruń 87100, Poland
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13
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Zhong W, Tang X, Liu Y, Zhou C, Liu P, Li E, Zhong P, Lv H, Zou Q, Wang M. Benzoxazole Derivative K313 Induces Cell Cycle Arrest, Apoptosis and Autophagy Blockage and Suppresses mTOR/p70S6K Pathway in Nalm-6 and Daudi Cells. Molecules 2020; 25:molecules25040971. [PMID: 32098126 PMCID: PMC7070478 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25040971] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2020] [Revised: 02/17/2020] [Accepted: 02/18/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Benzoxazole derivative K313 has previously been reported to possess anti-inflammatory effects in lipopolysaccharide-induced RAW264.7 macrophages. To date, there have been no related reports on the anticancer effects of K313. In this study, we found that K313 reduced the viability of human B-cell leukemia (Nalm-6) and lymphoma (Daudi) cells in a dose-dependent manner without affecting healthy peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) and induced moderate cell cycle arrest at the G0/G1 phase. Meanwhile, K313 mediated cell apoptosis, which was accompanied by the activation of caspase-9, caspase-3, and poly ADP-ribose polymerase (PARP). Furthermore, cells treated with K313 showed a significant decrease in mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP), which may have been caused by the caspase-8-mediated cleavage of Bid, as detected by Western blot analysis. We also found that K313 led to the downregulation of p-p70S6K protein, which plays an important role in cell survival and cell cycle progression. In addition, treatment of these cells with K313 blocked autophagic flux, as reflected in the accumulation of LC3-II and p62 protein levels in a dose- and time-dependent manner. In conclusion, K313 decreases cell viability without affecting normal healthy PBMCs, induces cell cycle arrest and apoptosis, reduces p-p70S6K protein levels, and mediates strong autophagy inhibition. Therefore, K313 and its derivatives could be developed as potential anticancer drugs or autophagy blockers in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenying Zhong
- Key Laboratory of Bio-resources and Eco-environment of the Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China;
| | - Xinwen Tang
- Center of Science and Research, Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu 610513, China; (X.T.); (Y.L.)
| | - Yang Liu
- Center of Science and Research, Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu 610513, China; (X.T.); (Y.L.)
| | - Chunyu Zhou
- School of Pharmacy, Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu 610083, China; (C.Z.); (E.L.); (P.Z.); (H.L.)
| | - Pan Liu
- College of Biological Science and Technology, Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu 610500, China;
| | - Enhui Li
- School of Pharmacy, Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu 610083, China; (C.Z.); (E.L.); (P.Z.); (H.L.)
| | - Peilin Zhong
- School of Pharmacy, Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu 610083, China; (C.Z.); (E.L.); (P.Z.); (H.L.)
| | - Haoxue Lv
- School of Pharmacy, Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu 610083, China; (C.Z.); (E.L.); (P.Z.); (H.L.)
| | - Qiang Zou
- Center of Science and Research, Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu 610513, China; (X.T.); (Y.L.)
- Correspondence: (Q.Z.); (M.W.); Tel.: +86-028-62739159 (Q.Z.); +86-028-85418776 (M.W.)
| | - Maolin Wang
- Key Laboratory of Bio-resources and Eco-environment of the Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China;
- Correspondence: (Q.Z.); (M.W.); Tel.: +86-028-62739159 (Q.Z.); +86-028-85418776 (M.W.)
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14
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Desoky AE, Badrawy H, Razik DIAE, Riad KF, Abdelhamid ON, Hassan E. Predictive Value of miRNA-181a in Pediatric Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia. JOURNAL OF CANCER THERAPY 2020; 11:673-682. [DOI: 10.4236/jct.2020.1111057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/02/2023]
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15
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Liu X, Zhang H, Zhang B, Zhang X. Expression and Role of MicroRNA-663b in Childhood Acute Lymphocytic Leukemia and its Mechanism. Open Med (Wars) 2019; 14:863-871. [PMID: 31844676 PMCID: PMC6884921 DOI: 10.1515/med-2019-0101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2019] [Accepted: 06/29/2019] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Recent studies have shown that microRNAs (miRNAs) play a key role in various malignant tumors. MiR-663b has been found to have important roles in several cancers, however, the role of miR-663b in T cell acute lymphocytic leukemia (T-ALL) remains unclear. Therefore, we speculated that miR-663b might also play a crucial role in the development and process of T-ALL. In the present study, we found that miR-663b was up-regulated in the blood of children with T-ALL and T-ALL cell lines. TargetScan and dual luciferase reporter assay results showed that CD99 was a direct target of miR-663b. In order to further study the biological function of miR-663b in the development of T-ALL and to clarify its potential molecular mechanism, we detected the changes in proliferation, apoptosis, migration, and invasion of T-ALL cell line Jurkat before and after miR-663b inhibitor transfection. We found that miR-663b inhibitor inhibited Jurkat cell proliferation and induced apoptosis. In addition, miR-663b inhibitor repressed Jurkat cell migration and invasion. All these effects of miR-663b inhibitor on Jurkat cells were eliminated by CD99-silencing. These results have provided a new theoretical basis and strategy for the diagnosis and treatment of T-ALL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuehua Liu
- Pediatric blood and endocrine metabolism nursing platform, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun 130021, China
| | - Haixia Zhang
- Pediatric blood and endocrine metabolism nursing platform, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun 130021, China
| | - Baorong Zhang
- PICU nursing platform, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun 130021, China
| | - Xiaohong Zhang
- Department of neurotrauma surgery, The First Hospital of Jilin University, No. 71 Xinmin Street, Changchun 130021, China
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16
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El-Khazragy N, Elshimy AA, Hassan SS, Matbouly S, Safwat G, Zannoun M, Riad RA. Dysregulation of miR-125b predicts poor response to therapy in pediatric acute lymphoblastic leukemia. J Cell Biochem 2019; 120:7428-7438. [PMID: 30390332 DOI: 10.1002/jcb.28017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2018] [Accepted: 10/15/2018] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) is the most well-known sort of leukemia in children. In spite of favorable survival rates, some patients relapse and achieve a poor outcome. METHODS We analyzed miR-125b and Bcl-2 expressions in pediatric patients with ALL and evaluated their clinical utility as molecular markers for the prediction of disease outcomes. RESULTS Downregulation of miR-125b and increased Bcl-2 expression levels in pediatric patients with ALL were associated with poor prognosis at diagnosis. At day 28 of induction, miR-125b was significantly increased, whereas Bcl-2 was downregulated. Loss of miR-125b during diagnosis and its elevation after therapy are strongly correlated with short leukemia-free survival and worse survival. Moreover, the combination of miR-125b with Bcl-2 markers can clearly enhance the prediction of the disease outcome. Finally, a univariate analysis highlighted the independent prognostic value of miR-125 in a pediatric patient with ALL. CONCLUSIONS miR-125b and Bcl-2 together are potent predictors for the prognosis and, therefore, can be used as therapeutic targets in childhood ALL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nashwa El-Khazragy
- Department of Clinical Pathology and Hematology, Faculty of Medicine, Ain Shams Medical Research Institute (MASRI), Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt.,Former Department of Biomedical Research, Armed Forces College of Medicine (AFCM), Cairo, Egypt
| | - Amal Ali Elshimy
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University, New Giza University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Safaa Shawky Hassan
- Department of Clinical Pathology, National Cancer Institute, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Safa Matbouly
- Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Gehan Safwat
- Department of Cancer Biology, Faculty of Biotechnology, October University for Modern Sciences and Art (MSA) University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Mohamed Zannoun
- Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Al Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Ramez A Riad
- Department of Biotechnology and Molecular Biology, Global Research Lab, Cairo, Egypt
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17
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Lan Y, Chen XJ, Zou Y, Ruan M, Zhu XF. [Clinical effect of CCLG-ALL2008 regimen in treatment of children and adolescents aged >10 years with acute lymphoblastic leukemia]. ZHONGGUO DANG DAI ER KE ZA ZHI = CHINESE JOURNAL OF CONTEMPORARY PEDIATRICS 2019; 21:405-410. [PMID: 31104652 PMCID: PMC7389417 DOI: 10.7499/j.issn.1008-8830.2019.05.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2018] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To study the long-term clinical effect of CCLG-ALL2008 regimen in the treatment of children and adolescents, aged >10 years, with newly diagnosed acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL). METHODS A retrospective analysis was performed for the clinical data of 150 ALL children and adolescents aged >10 years who were treated with CCLG-ALL2008 regimen from April 2008 to April 2015. The Kaplan-Meier method was used to analyze overall survival (OS) rate and event-free survival (EFS) rate. RESULTS Among the 150 children and adolescents, there were 87 (58.0%) boys and 63 (42.0%) girls, with a median age of 11 years (range 10-15 years). Of the 150 children and adolescents, 84 (56.0%) had intermediate risk and 66 (44.0%) had high risk; 122 (81.3%) had B-lineage acute lymphoblastic leukemia (B-ALL) and 28 (18.7%) had T-lineage acute lymphoblastic leukemia (T-ALL). The fusion gene test yielded positive results in 51 children and adolescents (34.0%), among whom 16 (31%) had positive BCR-ABL, 11 (22%) had positive TEL-AML1, 8 (16%) had positive E2A-PBX1, and 16 (31%) were positive for other fusion genes. The complete remission rate was 96.0% (144/150) after one course of treatment with CCLG-ALL2008 regimen. The median follow-up time was 52 months (range 3-122 months). The 5-year OS rate was 79.0%±3.5%, and the 5-year EFS rate was 67.3%±4.1%. There were no significant differences in 5-year OS and EFS rates between the children with intermediate or high risk, as well as between the children with B-ALL or T-ALL (P>0.05). The children and adolescents who achieved complete remission of bone marrow at the end of induction therapy had significantly higher 5-year OS and EFS rates than those who did not achieve complete remission (P<0.05). CONCLUSIONS In ALL children and adolescents aged >10 years, CCLG-ALL2008 regimen can help to achieve high complete remission rate, 5-year OS rate and 5-year EFS rate. The children and adolescents failing to achieve complete remission at the end of induction therapy tend to have a poor prognosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Lan
- Institute of Hematology and Blood Diseases Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin 300020, China.
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18
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Lopez-Millan B, Sanchéz-Martínez D, Roca-Ho H, Gutiérrez-Agüera F, Molina O, Diaz de la Guardia R, Torres-Ruiz R, Fuster JL, Ballerini P, Suessbier U, Nombela-Arrieta C, Bueno C, Menéndez P. NG2 antigen is a therapeutic target for MLL-rearranged B-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia. Leukemia 2019; 33:1557-1569. [PMID: 30635633 PMCID: PMC6755967 DOI: 10.1038/s41375-018-0353-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2018] [Revised: 11/15/2018] [Accepted: 11/28/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
B cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (B-ALL) is the most common childhood cancer, with cure rates of ∼80%. MLL-rearranged (MLLr) B-ALL (MLLr-B-ALL) has, however, an unfavorable prognosis with common therapy refractoriness and early relapse, and therefore new therapeutic targets are needed for relapsed/refractory MLLr-B-ALL. MLLr leukemias are characterized by the specific expression of chondroitin sulfate proteoglycan-4, also known as neuron-glial antigen-2 (NG2). NG2 was recently shown involved in leukemia invasiveness and central nervous system infiltration in MLLr-B-ALL, and correlated with lower event-free survival (EFS). We here hypothesized that blocking NG2 may synergize with established induction therapy for B-ALL based on vincristine, glucocorticoids, and l-asparaginase (VxL). Using robust patient-derived xenograft (PDX) models, we found that NG2 is crucial for MLLr-B-ALL engraftment upon intravenous (i.v.) transplantation. In vivo blockade of NG2 using either chondroitinase-ABC or an anti-NG2-specific monoclonal antibody (MoAb) resulted in a significant mobilization of MLLr-B-ALL blasts from bone marrow (BM) to peripheral blood (PB) as demonstrated by cytometric and 3D confocal imaging analysis. When combined with either NG2 antagonist, VxL treatment achieved higher rates of complete remission, and consequently higher EFS and delayed time to relapse. Mechanistically, anti-NG2 MoAb induces neither antibody-dependent cell-mediated not complement-dependent cytotoxicity. NG2 blockade rather overrides BM stroma-mediated chemoprotection through PB mobilization of MLLr-B-ALL blasts, thus becoming more accessible to chemotherapy. We provide a proof of concept for NG2 as a therapeutic target for MLLr-B-ALL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Belen Lopez-Millan
- Department of Biomedicine, School of Medicine, Josep Carreras Leukemia Research Institute, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.
| | - Diego Sanchéz-Martínez
- Department of Biomedicine, School of Medicine, Josep Carreras Leukemia Research Institute, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Heleia Roca-Ho
- Department of Biomedicine, School of Medicine, Josep Carreras Leukemia Research Institute, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Francisco Gutiérrez-Agüera
- Department of Biomedicine, School of Medicine, Josep Carreras Leukemia Research Institute, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Oscar Molina
- Department of Biomedicine, School of Medicine, Josep Carreras Leukemia Research Institute, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Rafael Diaz de la Guardia
- Department of Biomedicine, School of Medicine, Josep Carreras Leukemia Research Institute, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Raúl Torres-Ruiz
- Department of Biomedicine, School of Medicine, Josep Carreras Leukemia Research Institute, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.,Molecular Cytogenetics Group, Human Cancer Genetics Program, Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Oncológicas (CNIO), Madrid, Spain
| | - Jose Luís Fuster
- Pediatric Hematology and Oncology Section, Hospital Clínico Virgen de la Arrixaca, Murcia, Spain
| | - Paola Ballerini
- Pediatric Hematology, Armand Trousseau Hospital, Paris, France
| | - Ute Suessbier
- Hematology Department, University Hospital-University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Cesar Nombela-Arrieta
- Hematology Department, University Hospital-University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Clara Bueno
- Department of Biomedicine, School of Medicine, Josep Carreras Leukemia Research Institute, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain. .,Centro de Investigacion Biomedica en Red-Oncología (CIBERONC), Zurich, Switzerland.
| | - Pablo Menéndez
- Department of Biomedicine, School of Medicine, Josep Carreras Leukemia Research Institute, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain. .,Centro de Investigacion Biomedica en Red-Oncología (CIBERONC), Zurich, Switzerland. .,Instituciò Catalana de Recerca i Estudis Avançats (ICREA), Barcelona, Spain.
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Abstract
OBJECTIVE To explore the clinical features and outcomes of relapsed childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) at our center, achieve the early detection of risk factors for recurrence and assess the risk-stratified Guangdong (GD)-2008 ALL protocol. MATERIALS AND METHODS In total, 59 Chinese childhood ALL patients treated with the GD-2008 ALL protocol who relapsed between July 2008 and March 2015 were enrolled in this study. Their clinical features and outcomes were retrospectively analyzed and compared with those of 218 patients who achieved continuous complete remission. RESULTS Of the 285 study participants, 8 died of treatment-related infections or other complications before remission, 218 achieved continuous complete remission, and 59 patients relapsed, yielding a relapse rate of 20.7%. The number of relapsed patients in the standard-risk, intermediate-risk, and high-risk groups were 15 (17.0%), 27 (19.7%), and 17 (32.7%), respectively. Risk factors included age 10 years and above at first diagnosis, white blood cell (WBC) count ≥50×10/L, poor prednisone response, failure to achieve bone marrow complete remission at day 15 of induction chemotherapy. High-risk stratification and a high level (≥0.1%) of minimal residual disease at day 33 were the risk factors for relapse. Multivariate analysis showed that a high WBC at first diagnosis was an independent risk factor for relapse (P=0.000). CONCLUSION For the GD-2008 ALL risk stratification based on age and initial WBC, 10 years of age and WBC 50×10/L can be used as cut-offs. Patients at high risk benefited from the GD-2008 ALL protocol. In addition, the impact of minimal residual disease on prognosis should be considered.
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Targeting sphingolipid metabolism as an approach for combination therapies in haematological malignancies. Cell Death Discov 2018; 4:72. [PMID: 30062053 PMCID: PMC6060109 DOI: 10.1038/s41420-018-0075-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2018] [Accepted: 06/12/2018] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Conventional chemotherapy-based drug combinations have, until recently, been the backbone of most therapeutic strategies for cancer. In a time of emerging rationale drug development, targeted therapies are beginning to be added to traditional chemotherapeutics to synergistically enhance clinical responses. Of note, the importance of pro-apoptotic ceramide in mediating the anti-cancer effects of these therapies is becoming more apparent. Furthermore, reduced cellular ceramide in favour of pro-survival sphingolipids correlates with tumorigenesis and most importantly, drug resistance. Thus, agents that manipulate sphingolipid metabolism have been explored as potential anti-cancer agents and have recently demonstrated exciting potential to augment the efficacy of anti-cancer therapeutics. This review examines the biology underpinning these observations and the potential use of sphingolipid manipulating agents in the context of existing and emerging therapies for haematological malignancies. • Efficacy of many chemotherapeutics and targeted therapies is dictated by cellular ceramide levels. • Oncogene activation skews sphingolipid metabolism to favour the production of pro-survival sphingolipids. • Inhibitors of enzymes involved in ceramide metabolism exhibit promise in the relapsed-refractory setting. • Anti-cancer activity of sphingosine kinase inhibitors provides several options for new drug combinations. Open Questions • What other clinically utilised drugs rely on increases in ceramide levels for their efficacy and can they be effectively partnered with other ceramide inducing agents? • How does ceramide modulate the Bcl-2 family proteins, Mcl-1 and Bcl-2? • Are sphingolipid enzyme inhibitors best suited in the frontline or relapsed-refractory setting?
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21
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Clinical utility of miR-143/miR-182 levels in prognosis and risk stratification specificity of BFM-treated childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia. Ann Hematol 2018; 97:1169-1182. [PMID: 29556721 DOI: 10.1007/s00277-018-3292-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2017] [Accepted: 03/05/2018] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Although childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) is characterized by high remission rates, there are still patients who experience poor response to therapy or toxic effects due to intensive treatment. In the present study, we examined the expression profile of miR-143 and miR-182 in childhood ALL and evaluated their clinical significance for patients receiving Berlin-Frankfurt-Münster (BFM) protocol. Bone marrow specimens from 125 childhood ALL patients upon diagnosis and the end-of-induction (EoI; day 33), as well as from 64 healthy control children undergone RNA extraction, polyadenylation, and reverse transcription. Expression levels of miRNAs were quantified by qPCR analysis. Patients' cytogenetic, immunohistotype and MRD evaluation was performed according to international guidelines. Median follow-up time was 86.0 months (95% CI 74.0-98.0), while patients' mean DFS and OS intervals were 112.0 months (95% CI 104.2-119.8) and 109.2 months (95% CI 101.2-117.3), respectively. Bone marrow levels of miR-143/miR-182 were significantly decreased in childhood ALL patients at diagnosis and increased in more than 90% of patients at the EoI. Patients' survival analysis highlighted that children overexpressing miR-143/miR-182 at the EoI presented significantly higher risk for short-term relapse (log-rank test: p = 0.021; Cox regression: HR = 4.911, p = 0.038) and death (log-rank test: p = 0.028; Cox regression: HR = 4.590, p = 0.046). Finally, the evaluation of the miR-143/miR-182 EoI levels along with the established disease prognostic markers resulted to improved prediction of BFM-treated patients' survival outcome and response to therapy and additionally to superior BFM risk stratification specificity. Concluding, miR-143 and miR-182 could serve as novel prognostic molecular markers for pediatric ALL treated with BFM chemotherapy.
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Yoo KH, Chung NG, Cho B, Kang HJ, Shin HY, Im HJ, Seo JJ, Lim YT, Lyu CJ, Kim SK, Jeon IS, Kook H, Koo HH. A Multicenter Retrospective Analysis on the Treatment Pattern and Outcome in Relapsed/Refractory Childhood Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia. CLINICAL PEDIATRIC HEMATOLOGY-ONCOLOGY 2017. [DOI: 10.15264/cpho.2017.24.2.101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Keon Hee Yoo
- Department of Pediatrics, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Nak Gyun Chung
- Department of Pediatrics, Seoul St. Mary’s Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea
| | - Bin Cho
- Department of Pediatrics, Seoul St. Mary’s Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea
| | - Hyoung Jin Kang
- Department of Pediatrics, Seoul National University Children’s Hospital, Cancer Research Institute, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Hee Young Shin
- Department of Pediatrics, Seoul National University Children’s Hospital, Cancer Research Institute, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Ho Joon Im
- Department of Pediatrics, Asan Medical Center Children’s Hospital, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jong Jin Seo
- Department of Pediatrics, Asan Medical Center Children’s Hospital, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Young Tak Lim
- Department of Pediatrics, Pusan National University Yangsan Hospital, Pusan National University School of Medicine, Yangsan, Korea
| | - Chuhl Joo Lyu
- Department of Pediatrics, Severance Children’s Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Soon Ki Kim
- Department of Pediatrics, Inha University Hospital, Inha University College of Medicine, Incheon, Korea
| | - In-Sang Jeon
- Department of Pediatrics, Gachon University Gil Medical Center, College of Medicine, Gachon University, Incheon, Korea
| | - Hoon Kook
- Department of Pediatrics, Chonnam National University Hwasun Hospital, Chonnam National University Medical School, Gwangju, Korea
| | - Hong Hoe Koo
- Department of Pediatrics, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
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Piatopoulou D, Avgeris M, Marmarinos A, Xagorari M, Baka M, Doganis D, Kossiva L, Scorilas A, Gourgiotis D. miR-125b predicts childhood acute lymphoblastic leukaemia poor response to BFM chemotherapy treatment. Br J Cancer 2017; 117:801-812. [PMID: 28787435 PMCID: PMC5589998 DOI: 10.1038/bjc.2017.256] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2017] [Revised: 07/04/2017] [Accepted: 07/10/2017] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Despite the favourable survival rates of childhood acute lymphoblastic leukaemia (ALL), a significant number of patients present resistance to antileukaemic agents and dismal prognosis. In this study, we analysed miR-125b expression in childhood ALL and evaluated its clinical utility for patients treated with Berlin-Frankfurt-Münster (BFM) protocol. METHODS The study included 272 bone marrow specimens obtained on diagnosis and on BFM day 33 from 125 patients and 64 healthy children. Following extraction, RNA was polyadenylated and reverse transcribed. miR-125b levels were quantified by quantitative PCR. Cytogenetics, immunohistotype and MRD were analysed according to international guidelines. RESULTS Downregulated miR-125b levels were detected in childhood ALL patients and correlated with adverse prognosis. Following BFM induction, miR-125b levels were significantly increased, however, elevated day 33/diagnosis miR-125b ratio was associated with unfavourable disease features. Loss of miR-125b during diagnosis and higher day 33/diagnosis ratio were correlated with stronger risk for disease short-term relapse and patients' worse survival. Moreover, multivariate regression models highlighted the independent prognostic value of miR-125b for childhood ALL. Finally, the combination of miR-125b with clinically used disease markers clearly enhanced the prediction of patients' resistance to BFM chemotherapy. CONCLUSIONS miR-125b significantly improves the prognosis of childhood ALL patients' outcome under BFM treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Despina Piatopoulou
- Laboratory of Clinical Biochemistry—Molecular Diagnostics, 2nd Department of Pediatrics, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, ‘P & A Kyriakou’ Children’s Hospital, Levadias 13 Street, Athens 11527, Greece
| | - Margaritis Avgeris
- Faculty of Biology, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Panepistimiopolis, Athens 15701, Greece
| | - Antonios Marmarinos
- Laboratory of Clinical Biochemistry—Molecular Diagnostics, 2nd Department of Pediatrics, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, ‘P & A Kyriakou’ Children’s Hospital, Levadias 13 Street, Athens 11527, Greece
| | - Marieta Xagorari
- Laboratory of Clinical Biochemistry—Molecular Diagnostics, 2nd Department of Pediatrics, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, ‘P & A Kyriakou’ Children’s Hospital, Levadias 13 Street, Athens 11527, Greece
| | - Margarita Baka
- Department of Pediatric Oncology, ‘P & A Kyriakou’ Children’s Hospital, Thivon & Levadias Street, Athens 11527, Greece
| | - Dimitrios Doganis
- Department of Pediatric Oncology, ‘P & A Kyriakou’ Children’s Hospital, Thivon & Levadias Street, Athens 11527, Greece
| | - Lydia Kossiva
- 2nd Department of Pediatrics, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, ‘P & A Kyriakou’ Children’s Hospital, Levadias 13 Street, Athens 11527, Greece
| | - Andreas Scorilas
- Faculty of Biology, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Panepistimiopolis, Athens 15701, Greece
| | - Dimitrios Gourgiotis
- Laboratory of Clinical Biochemistry—Molecular Diagnostics, 2nd Department of Pediatrics, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, ‘P & A Kyriakou’ Children’s Hospital, Levadias 13 Street, Athens 11527, Greece
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Nabhan M, Louka ML, Khairy E, Tash F, Ali-Labib R, El-Habashy S. MicroRNA-181a and its target Smad 7 as potential biomarkers for tracking child acute lymphoblastic leukemia. Gene 2017; 628:253-258. [PMID: 28732737 DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2017.07.052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2017] [Revised: 05/10/2017] [Accepted: 07/17/2017] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
Acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) is the most common pediatric hematologic tumor. MiR-181a was expected to have a role in the development of hematological malignancies; it might act as tumor suppressor or oncogene. Smad7 was selected as miR-181a target pair. It is a negative regulator for the TGF-β1 signaling pathway. In this study, relative expression levels of miR-181a by quantitative reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR), both Smad 7 and TGF-β1 proteins levels by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) were all measured in serum of 60 child, 30 with ALL and 30 age and sex matched healthy child as control group. MiR-181a expression showed highly significant decrease; plus a significant increase and decrease of Smad7 and TGF-β1 protein levels respectively, in serum samples of ALL as compared to control group. MiR-181a expression achieved a highly significant positive and a significant negative correlation with TGF-β1 and Smad7 respectively. Furthermore, the levels of Smad7 and TGF-β1 were negatively correlated with each other (p<0.05). Although, positivity rate of both Smad7 and TGF-β1 in ALL group increased with presence of hepatosplenomegaly, still there was no statistical significance. In conclusion, miR-181a could act as a tumor suppressor in pediatric ALL with over expression of its target pair, Smad7. Smad7 regulates TGF-β1 signaling via a negative feedback loop and mediates the interaction between TGF-β1 and other signaling pathways; suggesting that Smad7 over expression may have therapeutic potential in ALL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marwa Nabhan
- Medical Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Ain Shams University, Abbassia, Cairo, P.O. Box 11381, Egypt
| | - Manal L Louka
- Medical Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Ain Shams University, Abbassia, Cairo, P.O. Box 11381, Egypt
| | - Eman Khairy
- Medical Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Ain Shams University, Abbassia, Cairo, P.O. Box 11381, Egypt.
| | - Fathy Tash
- Medical Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Ain Shams University, Abbassia, Cairo, P.O. Box 11381, Egypt
| | - Randa Ali-Labib
- Medical Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Ain Shams University, Abbassia, Cairo, P.O. Box 11381, Egypt
| | - Safinaz El-Habashy
- Pediatrics Department, Faculty of Medicine, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt
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One amino acid makes a difference-Characterization of a new TPMT allele and the influence of SAM on TPMT stability. Sci Rep 2017; 7:46428. [PMID: 28462921 PMCID: PMC5411961 DOI: 10.1038/srep46428] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2016] [Accepted: 03/16/2017] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Thiopurine induced toxicity is associated with defects in the thiopurine methyltransferase (TPMT) gene. TPMT is a polymorphic enzyme, with most of the single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) causing an amino acid change, altering the enzymatic activity of the TPMT protein. In this study, we characterize a novel patient allele c.719A > C, named TPMT*41, together with the more common variant *3C c.719A > G, resulting in an amino acid shift at tyrosine 240 to serine, p.Y240S and cysteine, p.Y240C respectively. We show that the patient heterozygote for c.719A > C has intermediate enzymatic activity in red blood cells. Furthermore, in vitro studies, using recombinant protein, show that TPMT p.Y240S is less stable than both TPMTwt and TPMT p.Y240C. The addition of SAM increases the stability and, in agreement with Isothermal Titration Calorimetry (ITC) data, higher molar excess of SAM is needed in order to stabilize TPMT p.Y240C and TPMT p.Y240S compared to TPMTwt. Molecular dynamics simulations show that the loss of interactions is most severe for Y240S, which agrees with the thermal stability of the mutations. In conclusion, our study shows that SAM increases the stability of TPMT and that changing only one amino acid can have a dramatic effect on TPMT stability and activity.
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Santos Bubniak LD, Gaspar PC, de Moraes ACR, Bigolin A, de Souza RK, Buzzi FC, Corrêa R, Filho VC, Bretanha LC, Micke GA, Nunes RJ, Santos-Silva MC. Effects of 1,3,5-triphenyl-4,5-dihydro-1H-pyrazole derivatives on cell-cycle and apoptosis in human acute leukemia cell lines. Can J Physiol Pharmacol 2017; 95:548-563. [DOI: 10.1139/cjpp-2016-0222] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
Pyrazoline is an important 5-membered nitrogen heterocycle that has been extensively researched. Ten derivatives were synthesized and tested for antileukemic effects on 2 human acute leukemia cell lines, K562 and Jurkat. The most cytotoxic of these derivatives, compound 21, was chosen for investigation of cytotoxicity mechanisms. The results obtained with selectivity calculations revealed that compound 21 is more selective for acute leukemia (K562 and Jurkat cell lines) than for other tumor cell lines. Moreover, compound 21 was not cytotoxic to normal cell lines, indicating a potential use in clinical tests. Compound 21 caused a significant cell cycle arrest in the S-phase in Jurkat cells and increased the proportion of cells in the sub G0/G1 phase in both cell lines. Cells treated with compound 21 demonstrated morphological changes characteristic of apoptosis in the EB/AO assay, confirmed by externalization of phosphatidylserine by the annexin V – fluorescein isothiocyanate method and by DNA fragmentation. An investigation of cytotoxicity mechanisms suggests the involvement of an intrinsic apoptosis pathway due to mitochondrial damage and an increase in the ratio of mitochondrial Bax/Bcl2. Pyrazoline 21 obeyed Lipinski’s “rule of five” for drug-likeness. Based on these preliminary results, the antileukemic activity of compound 21 makes it a potential anticancer agent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lorena dos Santos Bubniak
- Departamento de Análises Clínicas, Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina - UFSC, 89, Campus Trindade, CEP 88040-900, Florianópolis, Santa Catarina, Brazil
| | - Pâmela Cristina Gaspar
- Departamento de Análises Clínicas, Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina - UFSC, 89, Campus Trindade, CEP 88040-900, Florianópolis, Santa Catarina, Brazil
| | - Ana Carolina Rabello de Moraes
- Departamento de Análises Clínicas, Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina - UFSC, 89, Campus Trindade, CEP 88040-900, Florianópolis, Santa Catarina, Brazil
| | - Alisson Bigolin
- Departamento de Análises Clínicas, Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina - UFSC, 89, Campus Trindade, CEP 88040-900, Florianópolis, Santa Catarina, Brazil
| | - Rubia Karine de Souza
- Departamento de Análises Clínicas, Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina - UFSC, 89, Campus Trindade, CEP 88040-900, Florianópolis, Santa Catarina, Brazil
| | - Fátima Campos Buzzi
- Núcleo de Investigações Químico-Farmacêuticas (NIQFAR), Universidade do Vale de Itajaí, UNIVALI, CEP - Itajaí, Santa Catarina, Brazil
| | - Rogério Corrêa
- Núcleo de Investigações Químico-Farmacêuticas (NIQFAR), Universidade do Vale de Itajaí, UNIVALI, CEP - Itajaí, Santa Catarina, Brazil
| | - Valdir Cechinel Filho
- Núcleo de Investigações Químico-Farmacêuticas (NIQFAR), Universidade do Vale de Itajaí, UNIVALI, CEP - Itajaí, Santa Catarina, Brazil
| | - Lizandra Czermainski Bretanha
- Departamento de Química, Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, UFSC, CEP 88040-900, Florianópolis, Santa Catarina, Brazil
| | - Gustavo Amadeu Micke
- Departamento de Química, Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, UFSC, CEP 88040-900, Florianópolis, Santa Catarina, Brazil
| | - Ricardo José Nunes
- Departamento de Química, Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, UFSC, CEP 88040-900, Florianópolis, Santa Catarina, Brazil
| | - Maria Cláudia Santos-Silva
- Departamento de Análises Clínicas, Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina - UFSC, 89, Campus Trindade, CEP 88040-900, Florianópolis, Santa Catarina, Brazil
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Qiao Z, Lou D, Ruan L. TSER polymorphism is not associated with risk of pediatric acute lymphoblastic leukemia: A meta-analysis. Medicine (Baltimore) 2017; 96:e6143. [PMID: 28207544 PMCID: PMC5319533 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000006143] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Accumulating studies have explored the effect of thymidylate synthase enhancer region (TSER) variation on risk of pediatric acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) with controversial results. Therefore, this quantitative meta-analysis was performed to assess synthetically the association of TSER variation with susceptibility to develop pediatric ALL. METHODS The PubMed, ScienceDirect, Google Scholar, Wanfang Database, and China National Knowledge Infrastructure were systematically retrieved to obtain the published case-control studies about the relationship between TSER variation and pediatric ALL risk. The quality assessment of the included studies was preformed and relevant information was collected. Odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were applied to evaluate the strength of association. RESULTS This meta-analysis finally included 2681 children with ALL and 3854 matched controls from 11 investigations. The quantitative synthesis results found no significant association between TSER variation and susceptibility to pediatric ALL in overall comparisons under 5 genetic models (2R/3R vs 3R/3R: OR = 0.95, 95% CI = 0.84-1.07, P = 0.41; 2R/2R vs 3R/3R: OR = 0.99, 95% CI = 0.84-1.16, P = 0.90; 2R2R vs 3R/3R+2R/3R: OR = 1.05, 95% CI = 0.92-1.21, P = 0.45; 2R/3R+2R/2R vs 3R/3R: OR = 0.97, 95% CI = 0.87-1.09, P = 0.63; 2R vs 3R: OR = 1.03, 95% CI = 0.92-1.15, P = 0.61). Similarly, there was no significant association existed in the stratification analyses according to ethnicity, control source, and quality score. CONCLUSION This meta-analysis shows that TSER variation is not related to the development risk of pediatric ALL.
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MiR-pharmacogenetics of methotrexate in childhood B-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia. Pharmacogenet Genomics 2016; 26:517-525. [DOI: 10.1097/fpc.0000000000000245] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
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Jones L, Carol H, Evans K, Richmond J, Houghton PJ, Smith MA, Lock RB. A review of new agents evaluated against pediatric acute lymphoblastic leukemia by the Pediatric Preclinical Testing Program. Leukemia 2016; 30:2133-2141. [PMID: 27416986 DOI: 10.1038/leu.2016.192] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2016] [Revised: 05/31/2016] [Accepted: 07/04/2016] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) in children exemplifies how multi-agent chemotherapy has improved the outcome for patients. Refinements in treatment protocols and improvements in supportive care for this most common pediatric malignancy have led to a cure rate that now approaches 90%. However, certain pediatric ALL subgroups remain relatively intractable to treatment and many patients who relapse face a similarly dismal outcome. Moreover, survivors of pediatric ALL suffer the long-term sequelae of their intensive treatment throughout their lives. Therefore, the development of drugs to treat relapsed/refractory pediatric ALL, as well as those that more specifically target leukemia cells, remains a high priority. As pediatric malignancies represent a minority of the overall cancer burden, it is not surprising that they are generally underrepresented in drug development efforts. The identification of novel therapies relies largely on the reappropriation of drugs developed for adult malignancies. However, despite the large number of experimental agents available, clinical evaluation of novel drugs for pediatric ALL is hindered by limited patient numbers and the availability of effective established drugs. The Pediatric Preclinical Testing Program (PPTP) was established in 2005 to provide a mechanism by which novel therapeutics could be evaluated against xenograft and cell line models of the most common childhood malignancies, including ALL, to prioritize those with the greatest activity for clinical evaluation. In this article, we review the results of >50 novel agents and combinations tested against the PPTP ALL xenografts, highlighting comparisons between PPTP results and clinical data where possible.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Jones
- Leukaemia Biology Program, Children's Cancer Institute, Lowy Cancer Research Centre, UNSW, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - H Carol
- Leukaemia Biology Program, Children's Cancer Institute, Lowy Cancer Research Centre, UNSW, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - K Evans
- Leukaemia Biology Program, Children's Cancer Institute, Lowy Cancer Research Centre, UNSW, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - J Richmond
- Leukaemia Biology Program, Children's Cancer Institute, Lowy Cancer Research Centre, UNSW, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - P J Houghton
- Molecular Medicine, Greehey Children's Cancer Research Institute, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, TX, USA
| | - M A Smith
- Cancer Therapy Evaluation Program, NCI, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - R B Lock
- Leukaemia Biology Program, Children's Cancer Institute, Lowy Cancer Research Centre, UNSW, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
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Mai H, Liu X, Chen Y, Li C, Cao L, Chen X, Chen S, Liu G, Wen F. Hypermethylation of p15 gene associated with an inferior poor long-term outcome in childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia. J Cancer Res Clin Oncol 2016; 142:497-504. [PMID: 26501552 DOI: 10.1007/s00432-015-2063-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2015] [Accepted: 10/19/2015] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE To quantitate methylation of the CpG island of the promoter region of the p15 gene in childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) and explore its effect on prognosis. METHODS We assessed methylation of the CpG island on the p15 gene in bone marrow mononuclear cells in 93 ALL cases and in a control group of 20 children with idiopathic thrombocytopenia (ITP) by restriction enzyme Eco52I digestion combined with polymerase chain reaction techniques. We explored the effect of varying levels of methylation on event-free survival (EFS). RESULTS The mean methylation level was 25 % in de novo ALL and significantly higher than the control group 2 %, P < 0.01). Forty-two percent of cases (39/93) had hypermethylation (level over 10 %). Fifty-seven percent (12/21) and 38 % (27/72) T- and precursor-B ALL patients had hypermethylation (not significant). For all patients, the 8-year EFS was (83 ± 4) %, standard risk (91 ± 4) %, intermediate risk (IR) (82 ± 5) %, and high risk (HR) (43 ± 19) % (χ(2) = 11.58, P < 0.01). Hypermethylation was associated with a lower 8-year EFS (71 ± 7 vs. 91 ± 4 %, P = 0.02) in univariate analyses. CONCLUSIONS Children with ALL have higher levels of p15 CpG island methylation than a control group of children with ITP. Among children with ALL, hypermethylation was associated with inferior EFS. Higher levels of p15 CpG island methylation may be a poor prognostic marker in childhood ALL.
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Kaneko T, Fujioka T, Suzuki Y, Sato Y, Itoh H. Performance characteristics between TDx®FLx and TBA™-25FR for the therapeutic drug monitoring of methotrexate. J Pharm Health Care Sci 2016; 2:7. [PMID: 26958349 PMCID: PMC4782285 DOI: 10.1186/s40780-016-0042-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2015] [Accepted: 03/01/2016] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Background High-dose methotrexate (HDMTX) is used in the treatment of certain malignancies, including leptomeningeal metastases, systemic non-Hodgkin lymphoma, acute lymphoblastic leukemia, and osteosarcoma. High circulating levels of methotrexate can cause severe myelosuppression. The present study aimed to examine the differences in plasma MTX concentrations measured by two immunoassay systems currently available in the Japanese market, a TDX/FLX analyzer and a TBA-25FR analyzer. Methods A total of 69 plasma samples from 16 patients were assayed by a fluorescence polarization immunoassay technique using a TDx/FLx analyzer (Abbott Diagnostics, Chicago, Illinois, U.S.A.) and a homogeneous enzyme immunoassay technique using a TBA-25FR analyzer (Toshiba Medical Systems, Tokyo, Japan). Results Assay results were very consistent between the two systems, with good correlation 24 h after the start of treatment (TBA-25FR = 1.06・TDX/FLX, −1.31, r = 0.99), 48 h after the start of treatment (TBA-25FR = 1.00・TDX/FLX, +0.027, r > 0.99), and 72 h after the start of treatment (TBA-25FR = 1.09・TDX/FLX, +0.011, r > 0.99). Conclusions The calibration curve spanned one order of magnitude with a linear working range from the lowest to the highest standard. The standard deviations show the excellent reproducibility of repeated measurements at each standard level for both immunoassay systems. However, when using the TBA-25FR, it is necessary to perform measurements in the low-concentration range with care.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tetsuya Kaneko
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Oita University Hospital, Hasama-machi, Oita 879-5593 Japan
| | - Takashi Fujioka
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Oita University Hospital, Hasama-machi, Oita 879-5593 Japan
| | - Yosuke Suzuki
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Oita University Hospital, Hasama-machi, Oita 879-5593 Japan
| | - Yuhki Sato
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Oita University Hospital, Hasama-machi, Oita 879-5593 Japan
| | - Hiroki Itoh
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Oita University Hospital, Hasama-machi, Oita 879-5593 Japan
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Swellam M, El-Khazragy N. Clinical impact of circulating microRNAs as blood-based marker in childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia. Tumour Biol 2016; 37:10571-6. [PMID: 26857279 DOI: 10.1007/s13277-016-4948-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2015] [Accepted: 01/29/2016] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Aberrant microRNA (miRNA) expression participates in childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL). This study aimed to investigate the expression of miRNA-100, miRNA-196a, and miRNA-146a among childhood ALL and study their correlation with other hematological parameters and different phenotypes. Peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PMNCs) were obtained from 85 childhood ALL and 25 healthy children for the detection of miRNA expression using quantitative real-time PCR. Significant higher median levels were reported for ALL compared to control children. The diagnostic efficacy for miRNA-146a was superior as both sensitivity and specificity were absolute. A significant correlation was observed between higher expression of miRNA-100 and lower platelet and lymphocyte counts; high expression of miRNA-146a showed significant correlation with low total leukocyte count (TLC) and lymphocyte counts. Significant relation was reported between studied miRNAs and different phenotyping. miRNA-100, miRNA-196a, and miRNA-146a have significant role in childhood ALL leukemogenesis, and they may be useful as biological diagnostic molecular markers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Menha Swellam
- Department of Biochemistry, Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology Research Division, National Research Centre, Giza, 12622, Dokki, Egypt.
| | - Nashwa El-Khazragy
- Department of Clinical Pathology, Oncology Diagnostic Unit, Faculty of Medicine, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt
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Cao L, Wang N, Pan J, Hu S, Zhao W, He H, Wang Y, Gu G, Chai Y. Clinical significance of microRNA-34b expression in pediatric acute leukemia. Mol Med Rep 2016; 13:2777-84. [PMID: 26861642 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2016.4876] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2015] [Accepted: 12/03/2015] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
The present study aimed to explore the function of miR‑34b promoter methylation in cell proliferation in children's acute leukemia. Quantitative PCR and methylation‑specific PCR were performed to measure the levels of miR‑34b and its promoter methylation in normal cells, eight leukemia cell lines as well as primary leukemic cells isolated from patients newly diagnosed with acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL), acute myeloid leukemia (AML) and mixed lymphocytic lymphoma. miR‑34b levels in leukemia cell lines and primary leukemic cells were significantly lower than those in normal cells. The miR‑34b promoter was found to be methylated in all leukemia cell lines, 24 of 31 ALL patients and 8 of 19 AML patients, but not in the 23 normal controls. miR‑34b expression and methylation of its promoter were not associated with most clinical parameters assessed; however, miR‑34b levels in prednisone‑sensitive ALL were significantly different from those in insensitive ALL. A cell counting kit‑8 assay showed that transfection of miR‑34b mimics into K562 cells inhibited their proliferation. Furthermore, treatment with the demethylating agent 5‑aza‑2‑deoxycytidine significantly enhanced miR‑34b expression levels and decreased the methylation status of its promoter in HL‑60 and K562 cells. In conclusion, the results of the present study indicated that in pediatric leukemia cells and leukemia cell lines, the expression of miR‑34b is inhibited by methylation of its promoter, which impairs the restraining effects of miR‑34b on cell proliferation. It was also indicated that the expression of miR‑34b in ALL patients may affect their response to early treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lan Cao
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Children's Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215003, P.R. China
| | - Na Wang
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Children's Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215003, P.R. China
| | - Jian Pan
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Children's Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215003, P.R. China
| | - Shaoyan Hu
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Children's Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215003, P.R. China
| | - Wenli Zhao
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Children's Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215003, P.R. China
| | - Hailong He
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Children's Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215003, P.R. China
| | - Yi Wang
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Children's Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215003, P.R. China
| | - Guixiong Gu
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Children's Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215003, P.R. China
| | - Yihuan Chai
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Children's Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215003, P.R. China
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Huang HP, Liu WJ, Guo QL, Bai YQ. Effect of silencing HOXA5 gene expression using RNA interference on cell cycle and apoptosis in Jurkat cells. Int J Mol Med 2016; 37:669-78. [PMID: 26846409 PMCID: PMC4771120 DOI: 10.3892/ijmm.2016.2480] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2015] [Accepted: 02/04/2016] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Acute lymphocytic leukemia (ALL) is a common malignant tumor with a high morbidity rate among children, accounting for approximately 80% of leukemia cases. Although there have been improvements in the treatment of patients frequent relapse lead to a poor prognosis. The aim of the present study was to determine whether HOXA5 may be used as a target for gene therapy in leukemia in order to provide a new treatment. Mononuclear cells were extracted from the bone marrow according to the clinical research aims. After testing for ALL in the acute stage, the relative mRNA and protein expression of HOXA5 was detected in the ALL remission groups (n=25 cases per group) and the control group [n=20 cases, immune thrombocytopenia (ITP)]. Gene silencing by RNA interference (RNAi) was used to investigate the effect of silencing HOXA5 after small interfering RNA (siRNA) transfection to Jurkat cells. The HOXA5-specific siRNA was transfected to Jurkat cells using lipofectamine. The experiment was divided into the experimental group (liposomal transfection of HOXA5 targeting siRNA), the negative control group (liposomal transfection of cells with negative control siRNA) and the control group (plus an equal amount of cells and culture media only). Western blotting and quantitative fluorescent polymerase chain reaction (QF‑PCR) were used to detect the relative HOXA5 mRNA expression and protein distribution in each cell group. Cell distribution in the cell cycle and the rate of cells undergoing apoptosis were determined using flow cytometry. The expression of HOXA5 at the mRNA and protein levels in the acute phase of ALL was significantly higher than that in ALL in the remission and control groups. In cells transfected with HOXA5-specific siRNA, the expression of HOXA5 at the mRNA and protein levels decreased significantly (P<0.05). The distribution of cells in the cell cycle was also altered. Specifically, more cells were present in the G0/G1 phase compared to the S phase (P<0.05). In addition, the apoptotic rate was significantly higher in cells transfected with HOXA5‑specific siRNA (P<0.05). In conclusion, high expression levels of HOXA5 mRNA and protein in children with ALL indicate that HOXA5 is closely associated with childhood ALL. In addition, HOXA5-specific siRNA effectively silences HOXA5 gene expression and induces apoptosis and cell-cycle arrest in Jurkat cells, thus inhibiting cell proliferation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui-Ping Huang
- Department of Pediatrics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sichuan Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan 646000, P.R. China
| | - Wen-Jun Liu
- Department of Pediatrics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sichuan Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan 646000, P.R. China
| | - Qu-Lian Guo
- Department of Pediatrics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sichuan Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan 646000, P.R. China
| | - Yong-Qi Bai
- Department of Pediatrics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sichuan Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan 646000, P.R. China
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Kanderova V, Kuzilkova D, Stuchly J, Vaskova M, Brdicka T, Fiser K, Hrusak O, Lund-Johansen F, Kalina T. High-resolution Antibody Array Analysis of Childhood Acute Leukemia Cells. Mol Cell Proteomics 2016; 15:1246-61. [PMID: 26785729 DOI: 10.1074/mcp.m115.054593] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2015] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Acute leukemia is a disease pathologically manifested at both genomic and proteomic levels. Molecular genetic technologies are currently widely used in clinical research. In contrast, sensitive and high-throughput proteomic techniques for performing protein analyses in patient samples are still lacking. Here, we used a technology based on size exclusion chromatography followed by immunoprecipitation of target proteins with an antibody bead array (Size Exclusion Chromatography-Microsphere-based Affinity Proteomics, SEC-MAP) to detect hundreds of proteins from a single sample. In addition, we developed semi-automatic bioinformatics tools to adapt this technology for high-content proteomic screening of pediatric acute leukemia patients.To confirm the utility of SEC-MAP in leukemia immunophenotyping, we tested 31 leukemia diagnostic markers in parallel by SEC-MAP and flow cytometry. We identified 28 antibodies suitable for both techniques. Eighteen of them provided excellent quantitative correlation between SEC-MAP and flow cytometry (p< 0.05). Next, SEC-MAP was applied to examine 57 diagnostic samples from patients with acute leukemia. In this assay, we used 632 different antibodies and detected 501 targets. Of those, 47 targets were differentially expressed between at least two of the three acute leukemia subgroups. The CD markers correlated with immunophenotypic categories as expected. From non-CD markers, we found DBN1, PAX5, or PTK2 overexpressed in B-cell precursor acute lymphoblastic leukemias, LAT, SH2D1A, or STAT5A overexpressed in T-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemias, and HCK, GLUD1, or SYK overexpressed in acute myeloid leukemias. In addition, OPAL1 overexpression corresponded to ETV6-RUNX1 chromosomal translocation.In summary, we demonstrated that SEC-MAP technology is a powerful tool for detecting hundreds of proteins in clinical samples obtained from pediatric acute leukemia patients. It provides information about protein size and reveals differences in protein expression between particular leukemia subgroups. Forty-seven of SEC-MAP identified targets were validated by other conventional method in this study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Veronika Kanderova
- From the ‡CLIP - Childhood Leukaemia Investigation Prague, Department of Paediatric Haematology and Oncology, 2 Faculty of Medicine, Charles University in Prague, V Uvalu 84, 15006 Prague 5, Czech Republic
| | - Daniela Kuzilkova
- From the ‡CLIP - Childhood Leukaemia Investigation Prague, Department of Paediatric Haematology and Oncology, 2 Faculty of Medicine, Charles University in Prague, V Uvalu 84, 15006 Prague 5, Czech Republic
| | - Jan Stuchly
- From the ‡CLIP - Childhood Leukaemia Investigation Prague, Department of Paediatric Haematology and Oncology, 2 Faculty of Medicine, Charles University in Prague, V Uvalu 84, 15006 Prague 5, Czech Republic
| | - Martina Vaskova
- From the ‡CLIP - Childhood Leukaemia Investigation Prague, Department of Paediatric Haematology and Oncology, 2 Faculty of Medicine, Charles University in Prague, V Uvalu 84, 15006 Prague 5, Czech Republic
| | - Tomas Brdicka
- §Institute of Molecular Genetics, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic; Videnska 1083, 14220 Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Karel Fiser
- From the ‡CLIP - Childhood Leukaemia Investigation Prague, Department of Paediatric Haematology and Oncology, 2 Faculty of Medicine, Charles University in Prague, V Uvalu 84, 15006 Prague 5, Czech Republic
| | - Ondrej Hrusak
- From the ‡CLIP - Childhood Leukaemia Investigation Prague, Department of Paediatric Haematology and Oncology, 2 Faculty of Medicine, Charles University in Prague, V Uvalu 84, 15006 Prague 5, Czech Republic
| | - Fridtjof Lund-Johansen
- ¶Department of Immunology, Oslo University Hospital, Rikshospitalet; Sognsvannsveien 20, 0372 Oslo, Norway
| | - Tomas Kalina
- From the ‡CLIP - Childhood Leukaemia Investigation Prague, Department of Paediatric Haematology and Oncology, 2 Faculty of Medicine, Charles University in Prague, V Uvalu 84, 15006 Prague 5, Czech Republic;
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Boissel N, Sender LS. Best Practices in Adolescent and Young Adult Patients with Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia: A Focus on Asparaginase. J Adolesc Young Adult Oncol 2015; 4:118-28. [PMID: 26421220 PMCID: PMC4575545 DOI: 10.1089/jayao.2015.0014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
The inclusion of asparaginase in chemotherapy regimens to treat acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) has had a positive impact on survival in pediatric patients. Historically, asparaginase has been excluded from most treatment protocols for adolescent and young adult (AYA) patients because of perceived toxicity in this population, and this is believed to have contributed to poorer outcomes in these patients. However, retrospective analyses over the past 12 years have shown that 2-, 5-, and 7-year overall survival of AYA patients is significantly improved with pediatric versus adult protocols. The addition of asparaginase to adult protocols yielded high rates of first remission and improved survival. However, long-term survival remains lower compared with what has been seen in pediatrics. The notion that asparaginase is poorly tolerated by AYA patients has been challenged in multiple studies. In some, but not all, studies, the incidences of hepatic and pancreatic toxicities were higher in AYA patients, whereas the rates of hypersensitivity reactions did not appear to differ with age. There is an increased risk of venous thromboembolic events, and management with anti-coagulation therapy is recommended. Overall, the risk of therapy-related mortality is low. Together, this suggests that high-intensity pediatric protocols offer an effective and tolerable approach to treating ALL in the AYA population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicolas Boissel
- Department of Adult Hematology, Saint-Louis Hospital, University of Paris, Paris, France
| | - Leonard S. Sender
- Department of Epidemiology, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, California
- Chao Family Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, California
- Hyundai Cancer Institute, CHOC Children's Hospital, Orange, California
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Mikosik A, Henc I, Ruckemann-Dziurdzińska K, Frąckowiak JE, Płoszyńska A, Balcerska A, Bryl E, Witkowski JM. Increased μ-Calpain Activity in Blasts of Common B-Precursor Childhood Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia Correlates with Their Lower Susceptibility to Apoptosis. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0136615. [PMID: 26317226 PMCID: PMC4552652 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0136615] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2013] [Accepted: 07/23/2015] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) blasts are characterized by inhibited apoptosis promoting fast disease progress. It is known that in chronic lymphocytic and acute myeloid leukemias the reduced apoptosis is strongly related with the activity of calpain-calpastatin system (CCS) composed of cytoplasmic proteases—calpains—performing the modulatory proteolysis of key proteins involved in cell proliferation and apoptosis, and of their endogenous inhibitor—calpastatin. Here, the CCS protein abundance and activity was for the first time studied in childhood ALL blasts and in control bone marrow CD19+ B cells by semi-quantitative flow cytometry and western blotting of calpastatin fragments resulting from endogenous calpain activity. Significantly higher μ-calpain (CAPN1) gene transcription, protein amounts and activity (but not those of m-calpain), with calpastatin amount and transcription of its gene (CAST) greatly varying were observed in CD19+ ALL blasts compared to control cells. Significant inverse relation between the amount/activity of calpain and spontaneous apoptosis was noted. Patients older than 10 years (considered at higher risk) displayed increased amounts and activities of blast calpain. Finally, treatment of blasts with the tripeptide calpain inhibitors II and IV significantly and in dose-dependent fashion increased the percentage of blasts entering apoptosis. Together, these findings make the CCS a potential new predictive tool and therapeutic target in childhood ALL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Mikosik
- Department of Pathophysiology, Medical University of Gdańsk, Gdańsk, Poland
| | - Izabella Henc
- Department of Pathology and Experimental Rheumatology, Medical University of Gdańsk, Gdańsk, Poland
| | | | | | - Anna Płoszyńska
- Clinic of Pediatrics, Hematology and Oncology, Medical University of Gdańsk, Gdańsk, Poland
| | - Anna Balcerska
- Clinic of Pediatrics, Hematology and Oncology, Medical University of Gdańsk, Gdańsk, Poland
| | - Ewa Bryl
- Department of Pathology and Experimental Rheumatology, Medical University of Gdańsk, Gdańsk, Poland
| | - Jacek M. Witkowski
- Department of Pathophysiology, Medical University of Gdańsk, Gdańsk, Poland
- * E-mail:
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Xie Y, Xu Z, Wang K, Wang N, Wang Y, Bao J. Networks of micrornas and genes in acute lymphoblastic leukemia. Mol Med Rep 2015; 12:5361-8. [PMID: 26239033 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2015.4116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2014] [Accepted: 06/18/2015] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
In the present study, three regulatory networks, including a network of differentially expressed factors, a related network and a global network, were constructed hierarchically in order to analyze the association between genes, micro (mi)RNAs and transcriptional factors (TFs) in a systematical approach, rather than focusing on only one or several miRNAs or TFs. By analyzing and comparing the similarities and differences among these three networks, a number of key pathways were highlighted. In addition, identifying the upstream and the downstream nodes, which were composed of differentially expressed genes and miRNAs in the networks provided assistance in identifying associations between circle‑regulations or self‑adaptation regulations among these elements. In the present study, the TP53 gene and the TP53 pathway were observed to be important in acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL). However, the predicted transcriptional factors, including EFKB1 and E2F1, which were found with self‑adaptaion associations and certain abnormally expressed miRNAs in the network of differentially expressed factors, requires further examination in further investigations of the pathogenesis of ALL. The confirmation of these factors may be of significance to ALL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuhua Xie
- Department of Computer Science and Technology, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130012, P.R. China
| | - Zhiwen Xu
- Department of Computer Science and Technology, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130012, P.R. China
| | - Kunhao Wang
- Department of Computer Science and Technology, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130012, P.R. China
| | - Ning Wang
- Department of Computer Science and Technology, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130012, P.R. China
| | - Yunxiao Wang
- Department of Computer Science and Technology, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130012, P.R. China
| | - Jiwei Bao
- Department of Computer Science and Technology, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130012, P.R. China
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Gulino R, Forte S, Parenti R, Memeo L, Gulisano M. MicroRNA and pediatric tumors: Future perspectives. Acta Histochem 2015; 117:339-54. [PMID: 25765112 DOI: 10.1016/j.acthis.2015.02.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2014] [Revised: 02/02/2015] [Accepted: 02/10/2015] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
A better understanding of pediatric tumor biology is needed to allow the development of less toxic and more efficient therapies, as well as to provide novel reliable biomarkers for diagnosis and risk stratification. The emerging role of microRNAs in controlling key pathways implicated in tumorigenesis makes their use in diagnostics a powerful novel tool for the early detection, risk assessment and prognosis, as well as for the development of innovative anticancer therapies. This perspective would be more urgent for the clinical management of pediatric cancer. In this review, we focus on the involvement of microRNAs in the biology of the main childhood tumors, describe their clinical significance and discuss their potential use as novel therapeutic tools and targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rosario Gulino
- IOM Ricerca s.r.l., Via Penninazzo 11, 95029 Viagrande, Italy.
| | - Stefano Forte
- IOM Ricerca s.r.l., Via Penninazzo 11, 95029 Viagrande, Italy
| | - Rosalba Parenti
- Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, University of Catania, Via Santa Sofia 64, 95127 Catania, Italy
| | - Lorenzo Memeo
- IOM Ricerca s.r.l., Via Penninazzo 11, 95029 Viagrande, Italy
| | - Massimo Gulisano
- Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, University of Catania, Via Santa Sofia 64, 95127 Catania, Italy
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Verduci L, Azzalin G, Gioiosa S, Carissimi C, Laudadio I, Fulci V, Macino G. microRNA-181a enhances cell proliferation in acute lymphoblastic leukemia by targeting EGR1. Leuk Res 2015; 39:479-85. [DOI: 10.1016/j.leukres.2015.01.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2014] [Revised: 12/19/2014] [Accepted: 01/20/2015] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
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Yuan N, Song L, Zhang S, Lin W, Cao Y, Xu F, Fang Y, Wang Z, Zhang H, Li X, Wang Z, Cai J, Wang J, Zhang Y, Mao X, Zhao W, Hu S, Chen S, Wang J. Bafilomycin A1 targets both autophagy and apoptosis pathways in pediatric B-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia. Haematologica 2014; 100:345-56. [PMID: 25512644 DOI: 10.3324/haematol.2014.113324] [Citation(s) in RCA: 123] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
B-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia is the most common type of pediatric leukemia. Despite improved remission rates, current treatment regimens for pediatric B-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia are often associated with adverse effects and central nervous system relapse, necessitating more effective and safer agents. Bafilomycin A1 is an inhibitor of vacuolar H(+)-ATPase that is frequently used at high concentration to block late-phase autophagy. Here, we show that bafilomycin A1 at a low concentration (1 nM) effectively and specifically inhibited and killed pediatric B-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia cells. It targeted both early and late stages of the autophagy pathway by activating mammalian target of rapamycin signaling and by disassociating the Beclin 1-Vps34 complex, as well as by inhibiting the formation of autolysosomes, all of which attenuated functional autophagy. Bafilomycin A1 also targeted mitochondria and induced caspase-independent apoptosis by inducing the translocation of apoptosis-inducing factor from mitochondria to the nucleus. Moreover, bafilomycin A1 induced the binding of Beclin 1 to Bcl-2, which further inhibited autophagy and promoted apoptotic cell death. In primary cells from pediatric patients with B-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia and a xenograft model, bafilomycin A1 specifically targeted leukemia cells while sparing normal cells. An in vivo mouse toxicity assay confirmed that bafilomycin A1 is safe. Our data thus suggest that bafilomycin A1 is a promising candidate drug for the treatment of pediatric B-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Na Yuan
- Hematology Center of Cyrus Tang Medical Institute, Jiangsu Institute of Hematology, Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Stem Cell Research, Collaborative Innovation Center of Hematology, Affiliated Children's Hospital, Soochow University School of Medicine, Suzhou, China
| | - Lin Song
- Hematology Center of Cyrus Tang Medical Institute, Jiangsu Institute of Hematology, Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Stem Cell Research, Collaborative Innovation Center of Hematology, Affiliated Children's Hospital, Soochow University School of Medicine, Suzhou, China
| | - Suping Zhang
- Hematology Center of Cyrus Tang Medical Institute, Jiangsu Institute of Hematology, Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Stem Cell Research, Collaborative Innovation Center of Hematology, Affiliated Children's Hospital, Soochow University School of Medicine, Suzhou, China
| | - Weiwei Lin
- Hematology Center of Cyrus Tang Medical Institute, Jiangsu Institute of Hematology, Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Stem Cell Research, Collaborative Innovation Center of Hematology, Affiliated Children's Hospital, Soochow University School of Medicine, Suzhou, China
| | - Yan Cao
- Hematology Center of Cyrus Tang Medical Institute, Jiangsu Institute of Hematology, Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Stem Cell Research, Collaborative Innovation Center of Hematology, Affiliated Children's Hospital, Soochow University School of Medicine, Suzhou, China
| | - Fei Xu
- Hematology Center of Cyrus Tang Medical Institute, Jiangsu Institute of Hematology, Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Stem Cell Research, Collaborative Innovation Center of Hematology, Affiliated Children's Hospital, Soochow University School of Medicine, Suzhou, China
| | - Yixuan Fang
- Hematology Center of Cyrus Tang Medical Institute, Jiangsu Institute of Hematology, Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Stem Cell Research, Collaborative Innovation Center of Hematology, Affiliated Children's Hospital, Soochow University School of Medicine, Suzhou, China
| | - Zhen Wang
- Hematology Center of Cyrus Tang Medical Institute, Jiangsu Institute of Hematology, Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Stem Cell Research, Collaborative Innovation Center of Hematology, Affiliated Children's Hospital, Soochow University School of Medicine, Suzhou, China
| | - Han Zhang
- Hematology Center of Cyrus Tang Medical Institute, Jiangsu Institute of Hematology, Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Stem Cell Research, Collaborative Innovation Center of Hematology, Affiliated Children's Hospital, Soochow University School of Medicine, Suzhou, China
| | - Xin Li
- Hematology Center of Cyrus Tang Medical Institute, Jiangsu Institute of Hematology, Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Stem Cell Research, Collaborative Innovation Center of Hematology, Affiliated Children's Hospital, Soochow University School of Medicine, Suzhou, China
| | - Zhijian Wang
- Hematology Center of Cyrus Tang Medical Institute, Jiangsu Institute of Hematology, Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Stem Cell Research, Collaborative Innovation Center of Hematology, Affiliated Children's Hospital, Soochow University School of Medicine, Suzhou, China
| | - Jinyang Cai
- Hematology Center of Cyrus Tang Medical Institute, Jiangsu Institute of Hematology, Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Stem Cell Research, Collaborative Innovation Center of Hematology, Affiliated Children's Hospital, Soochow University School of Medicine, Suzhou, China
| | - Jian Wang
- Hematology Center of Cyrus Tang Medical Institute, Jiangsu Institute of Hematology, Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Stem Cell Research, Collaborative Innovation Center of Hematology, Affiliated Children's Hospital, Soochow University School of Medicine, Suzhou, China
| | - Yi Zhang
- Hematology Center of Cyrus Tang Medical Institute, Jiangsu Institute of Hematology, Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Stem Cell Research, Collaborative Innovation Center of Hematology, Affiliated Children's Hospital, Soochow University School of Medicine, Suzhou, China
| | - Xinliang Mao
- Hematology Center of Cyrus Tang Medical Institute, Jiangsu Institute of Hematology, Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Stem Cell Research, Collaborative Innovation Center of Hematology, Affiliated Children's Hospital, Soochow University School of Medicine, Suzhou, China
| | - Wenli Zhao
- Hematology Center of Cyrus Tang Medical Institute, Jiangsu Institute of Hematology, Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Stem Cell Research, Collaborative Innovation Center of Hematology, Affiliated Children's Hospital, Soochow University School of Medicine, Suzhou, China
| | - Shaoyan Hu
- Hematology Center of Cyrus Tang Medical Institute, Jiangsu Institute of Hematology, Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Stem Cell Research, Collaborative Innovation Center of Hematology, Affiliated Children's Hospital, Soochow University School of Medicine, Suzhou, China
| | - Suning Chen
- Hematology Center of Cyrus Tang Medical Institute, Jiangsu Institute of Hematology, Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Stem Cell Research, Collaborative Innovation Center of Hematology, Affiliated Children's Hospital, Soochow University School of Medicine, Suzhou, China
| | - Jianrong Wang
- Hematology Center of Cyrus Tang Medical Institute, Jiangsu Institute of Hematology, Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Stem Cell Research, Collaborative Innovation Center of Hematology, Affiliated Children's Hospital, Soochow University School of Medicine, Suzhou, China
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Palejwala SK, Stidd DA, Skoch JM, Gupta P, Lemole GM, Weinand ME. Use of a stop-flow programmable shunt valve to maximize CNS chemotherapy delivery in a pediatric patient with acute lymphoblastic leukemia. Surg Neurol Int 2014; 5:S273-7. [PMID: 25225619 PMCID: PMC4163905 DOI: 10.4103/2152-7806.139381] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2014] [Accepted: 06/25/2014] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The requirement for frequent intraventricular drug delivery in the setting of shunt dependence is particularly challenging in the treatment of central nervous system infection, neoplastic disease, and hemorrhage. This is especially relevant in the pediatric population where both hematogenous malignancy requiring intrathecal drug delivery and shunt-dependent hydrocephalus are more prevalent. Intrathecal and intraventricular chemotherapy agents can be prematurely diverted in these shunt-dependent patients. CASE DESCRIPTION We report the use of a stop-flow programmable shunt valve to maximize delivery of intraventricular chemotherapy in a child with acute lymphoblastic leukemia and disseminated intravascular coagulation who presented with spontaneous intracerebral and intraventricular hemorrhages. The patient then developed posthemorrhagic hydrocephalus and eventually progressed to shunt dependence but still required frequent intraventricular chemotherapy administration. A ventriculoperitoneal shunt, equipped with a valve that allows for near cessation of cerebrospinal fluid flow (Certas(®), Codman, Raynham, MA), and a contralateral Ommaya reservoir were inserted to maximize intraventricular dissemination of chemotherapy. CONCLUSIONS To the best of our knowledge, this is the first reported case of the use of a high-resistance programmable valve being used to virtually cease cerebrospinal fluid flow through the distal catheter temporarily in order to maximize intraventricular drug dissemination in a pediatric patient with acute lymphoblastic leukemia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sheri K Palejwala
- Department of Surgery, Division of Neurosurgery, University of Arizona, 1501 N. Campbell Ave., Tucson, Arizona, USA
| | - David A Stidd
- Department of Surgery, Division of Neurosurgery, University of Arizona, 1501 N. Campbell Ave., Tucson, Arizona, USA
| | - Jesse M Skoch
- Department of Surgery, Division of Neurosurgery, University of Arizona, 1501 N. Campbell Ave., Tucson, Arizona, USA
| | - Puja Gupta
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Pediatric Oncology, University of Cincinnati, 3333 Burnet Avenue, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA
| | - G Michael Lemole
- Department of Surgery, Division of Neurosurgery, University of Arizona, 1501 N. Campbell Ave., Tucson, Arizona, USA
| | - Martin E Weinand
- Department of Surgery, Division of Neurosurgery, University of Arizona, 1501 N. Campbell Ave., Tucson, Arizona, USA
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Qu HQ, Zhou XS, Zhou XL, Wang J. Effect of DC-CIK cell on the proliferation, apoptosis and differentiation of leukemia cells. ASIAN PAC J TROP MED 2014; 7:659-662. [DOI: 10.1016/s1995-7645(14)60111-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2014] [Revised: 03/15/2014] [Accepted: 06/15/2014] [Indexed: 10/24/2022] Open
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Cisterne A, Baraz R, Khan NI, Welschinger R, Basnett J, Fung C, Rizos H, Bradstock KF, Bendall LJ. Silencer of death domains controls cell death through tumour necrosis factor-receptor 1 and caspase-10 in acute lymphoblastic leukemia. PLoS One 2014; 9:e103383. [PMID: 25061812 PMCID: PMC4111576 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0103383] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2013] [Accepted: 07/01/2014] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Resistance to apoptosis remains a significant problem in drug resistance and treatment failure in malignant disease. NO-aspirin is a novel drug that has efficacy against a number of solid tumours, and can inhibit Wnt signaling, and although we have shown Wnt signaling to be important for acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) cell proliferation and survival inhibition of Wnt signaling does not appear to be involved in the induction of ALL cell death. Treatment of B lineage ALL cell lines and patient ALL cells with NO-aspirin induced rapid apoptotic cell death mediated via the extrinsic death pathway. Apoptosis was dependent on caspase-10 in association with the formation of the death-inducing signaling complex (DISC) incorporating pro-caspase-10 and tumor necrosis factor receptor 1 (TNF-R1). There was no measurable increase in TNF-R1 or TNF-α in response to NO-aspirin, suggesting that the process was ligand-independent. Consistent with this, expression of silencer of death domain (SODD) was reduced following NO-aspirin exposure and lentiviral mediated shRNA knockdown of SODD suppressed expansion of transduced cells confirming the importance of SODD for ALL cell survival. Considering that SODD and caspase-10 are frequently over-expressed in ALL, interfering with these proteins may provide a new strategy for the treatment of this and potentially other cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adam Cisterne
- Centre for Cancer Research, Westmead Millennium Institute, University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Rana Baraz
- Centre for Cancer Research, Westmead Millennium Institute, University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Naveed I. Khan
- Centre for Cancer Research, Westmead Millennium Institute, University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Robert Welschinger
- Centre for Cancer Research, Westmead Millennium Institute, University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Jordan Basnett
- Centre for Cancer Research, Westmead Millennium Institute, University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Carina Fung
- Centre for Cancer Research, Westmead Millennium Institute, University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Helen Rizos
- Centre for Cancer Research, Westmead Millennium Institute, University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Kenneth F. Bradstock
- Blood and Marrow Transplant Service, Department of Haematology, Westmead Hospital, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Linda J. Bendall
- Centre for Cancer Research, Westmead Millennium Institute, University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
- * E-mail:
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Oliveira JC, Pezuk JA, Brassesco MS, Morales AG, Queiroz RGP, Scrideli CA, Tone LG. PLK1 expression and BI 2536 effects in childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia. Pediatr Blood Cancer 2014; 61:1227-31. [PMID: 24519995 DOI: 10.1002/pbc.24978] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2013] [Accepted: 01/16/2014] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Polo-like kinase 1 (PLK1) is a conserved kinase that mediates various mitotic events. Compelling data have repeatedly demonstrated its upregulation in different neoplasia, being frequently associated with poor prognosis. However, in childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL), no studies have yet been conducted. PROCEDURE PLK1 expression and association with biological features were evaluated in 65 consecutively diagnosed childhood ALL samples by quantitative real-time PCR. Moreover, the effects of a specific PLK1 inhibitor, BI 2536, was tested against a panel of nine ALL cell lines at nanomolar concentrations (10, 50, 100 nM). RESULTS The mRNA expression of PLK1 showed great variability in pediatric ALL, but no difference was evidenced compared to normal bone marrow. Additionally, no association was found between PLK1 mRNA expression with any clinical or biological features. Alternatively, high mRNA expression of PLK1 was present in ALL cell lines. In vitro treatment with BI 2536 strongly diminished growth, while presenting significant reduction in colony formation capacity and increased apoptosis rates. Moreover, strong G2/M arrest was detected suggesting important impaired proliferation after treatment. CONCLUSIONS PLK1 mRNA expression level is not associated with prognosis in childhood ALL; however, considering the great variability observed in the sample and the in vitro experiments presented herein, BI 2536 treatment might serve as a promising therapeutic to enhance the efficacy of conventional treatment modalities in some childhood ALL cases.
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Affiliation(s)
- J C Oliveira
- Federal University of Alfenas, Minas Gerais, Brazil
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Wang Z, Xu F, Yuan N, Niu Y, Lin W, Cao Y, Cai J, Song L, Li X, Fang Y, Zhao W, Hu S, Chen S, Zhang S, Wang J. Rapamycin inhibits pre-B acute lymphoblastic leukemia cells by downregulating DNA and RNA polymerases. Leuk Res 2014; 38:940-7. [PMID: 24939216 DOI: 10.1016/j.leukres.2014.05.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2014] [Revised: 05/13/2014] [Accepted: 05/14/2014] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Rapamycin has been shown to inhibit the growth of leukemic cells via an unknown mechanism. In our current study, we show that rapamycin activates autophagy in pediatric t(1;19) pre-B acute lymphoblastic leukemia (pre-B ALL) cells and thereby inhibits proliferation and induces growth arrest in these cells. Rapamycin was found to downregulate an extensive array of positive cell cycle regulators, reduce the total DNA and RNA levels, and specifically downregulate the gene transcription of DNA pol δ1 and RNA pol II. Furthermore, we show that both rapamycin and starvation caused a downregulation of the DNA pol δ1 and RNA pol II proteins which was reversed by the autophagy inhibitor 3-MA. Consistent with the results of our autophagic flux analysis, confocal microscopy indicated that both rapamycin and starvation cause the colocalization of DNA pol δ1 and RNA pol II with GFP-LC3 at autophagosomes. This colocalization was blocked by the autophagy inhibitor bafilomycin A1 which inhibits the fusion between autophagosomes and lysosomes. These data suggest that rapamycin inhibits the growth of pediatric t(1;19) pre-B ALL cells through both transcriptional inhibition and autophagic degradation of DNA pol δ1 and RNA pol II.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhijian Wang
- Hematology Center of Cyrus Tang Medical Institute, Jiangsu Institute of Hematology, Collaborative Innovation Center of Hematology, Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Stem Cell Research, Affiliated Children's Hospital, Soochow University School of Medicine, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Fei Xu
- Hematology Center of Cyrus Tang Medical Institute, Jiangsu Institute of Hematology, Collaborative Innovation Center of Hematology, Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Stem Cell Research, Affiliated Children's Hospital, Soochow University School of Medicine, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Na Yuan
- Hematology Center of Cyrus Tang Medical Institute, Jiangsu Institute of Hematology, Collaborative Innovation Center of Hematology, Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Stem Cell Research, Affiliated Children's Hospital, Soochow University School of Medicine, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Yuna Niu
- Hematology Center of Cyrus Tang Medical Institute, Jiangsu Institute of Hematology, Collaborative Innovation Center of Hematology, Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Stem Cell Research, Affiliated Children's Hospital, Soochow University School of Medicine, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Weiwei Lin
- Hematology Center of Cyrus Tang Medical Institute, Jiangsu Institute of Hematology, Collaborative Innovation Center of Hematology, Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Stem Cell Research, Affiliated Children's Hospital, Soochow University School of Medicine, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Yan Cao
- Hematology Center of Cyrus Tang Medical Institute, Jiangsu Institute of Hematology, Collaborative Innovation Center of Hematology, Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Stem Cell Research, Affiliated Children's Hospital, Soochow University School of Medicine, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Jinyang Cai
- Hematology Center of Cyrus Tang Medical Institute, Jiangsu Institute of Hematology, Collaborative Innovation Center of Hematology, Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Stem Cell Research, Affiliated Children's Hospital, Soochow University School of Medicine, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Lin Song
- Hematology Center of Cyrus Tang Medical Institute, Jiangsu Institute of Hematology, Collaborative Innovation Center of Hematology, Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Stem Cell Research, Affiliated Children's Hospital, Soochow University School of Medicine, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Xin Li
- Hematology Center of Cyrus Tang Medical Institute, Jiangsu Institute of Hematology, Collaborative Innovation Center of Hematology, Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Stem Cell Research, Affiliated Children's Hospital, Soochow University School of Medicine, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Yixuan Fang
- Hematology Center of Cyrus Tang Medical Institute, Jiangsu Institute of Hematology, Collaborative Innovation Center of Hematology, Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Stem Cell Research, Affiliated Children's Hospital, Soochow University School of Medicine, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Wenli Zhao
- Hematology Center of Cyrus Tang Medical Institute, Jiangsu Institute of Hematology, Collaborative Innovation Center of Hematology, Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Stem Cell Research, Affiliated Children's Hospital, Soochow University School of Medicine, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Shaoyan Hu
- Hematology Center of Cyrus Tang Medical Institute, Jiangsu Institute of Hematology, Collaborative Innovation Center of Hematology, Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Stem Cell Research, Affiliated Children's Hospital, Soochow University School of Medicine, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Suning Chen
- Hematology Center of Cyrus Tang Medical Institute, Jiangsu Institute of Hematology, Collaborative Innovation Center of Hematology, Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Stem Cell Research, Affiliated Children's Hospital, Soochow University School of Medicine, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Suping Zhang
- Hematology Center of Cyrus Tang Medical Institute, Jiangsu Institute of Hematology, Collaborative Innovation Center of Hematology, Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Stem Cell Research, Affiliated Children's Hospital, Soochow University School of Medicine, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China.
| | - Jianrong Wang
- Hematology Center of Cyrus Tang Medical Institute, Jiangsu Institute of Hematology, Collaborative Innovation Center of Hematology, Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Stem Cell Research, Affiliated Children's Hospital, Soochow University School of Medicine, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China.
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Nickkholgh B, Mizrak SC, Korver CM, van Daalen SKM, Meissner A, Repping S, van Pelt AMM. Enrichment of spermatogonial stem cells from long-term cultured human testicular cells. Fertil Steril 2014; 102:558-565.e5. [PMID: 24864010 DOI: 10.1016/j.fertnstert.2014.04.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2013] [Revised: 04/13/2014] [Accepted: 04/15/2014] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To evaluate the degree of enrichment of spermatogonial stem cells (SSCs) from human testicular cell cultures by ITGA6+, HLA-/ITGA6+, GPR125+, and HLA-/GPR125+ magnetic-assisted cell sorting (MACS). DESIGN Experimental basic science study. SETTING Reproductive biology laboratory. PATIENT(S) Multiple samples of cryopreserved human testicular cells from two prostate cancer patients with normal spermatogenesis. INTERVENTION(S) Cultured human testicular cells subjected to four sorting strategies based on MACS and xenotransplanted to the testes of mice to determine the enrichment for SSCs. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE(S) Enrichment for human spermatogonia and SSCs tested by expression analysis of spermatogonial markers ITGA6, GPR125, ZBTB16, UCHL1, and ID4 using quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) and by xenotransplantation into the testes of mice, respectively. RESULT(S) Compared with the nonsorted cultured testicular cells, only the ITGA6+ and HLA-/GPR125+ sorted cells showed enrichment for ID4. No difference in expression of ZBTB16 and UCHL1 was observed. Xenotransplantation of the sorted cell fractions showed a 7.1-fold enrichment of SSCs with ITGA6+. CONCLUSION(S) Magnetic-assisted cell sorting of cultured human testicular cells using ITGA6 allows for enrichment of SSCs, which aids in further molecular characterization of cultured human SSCs and enhances testicular colonization upon transplantation in future clinical settings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bita Nickkholgh
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, Women's and Children's Hospital, Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Sefika Canan Mizrak
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, Women's and Children's Hospital, Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Cindy M Korver
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, Women's and Children's Hospital, Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Saskia K M van Daalen
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, Women's and Children's Hospital, Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Andreas Meissner
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, Women's and Children's Hospital, Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Sjoerd Repping
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, Women's and Children's Hospital, Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Ans M M van Pelt
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, Women's and Children's Hospital, Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands.
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Mei Y, Gao C, Wang K, Cui L, Li W, Zhao X, Liu F, Wu M, Deng G, Ding W, Jia H, Li Z. Effect of microRNA-210 on prognosis and response to chemotherapeutic drugs in pediatric acute lymphoblastic leukemia. Cancer Sci 2014; 105:463-72. [PMID: 24720529 PMCID: PMC4317805 DOI: 10.1111/cas.12370] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2013] [Revised: 01/29/2014] [Accepted: 02/09/2014] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Many studies have demonstrated that microRNA-210 (miR-210) expression is intensively upregulated in hypoxic states and differentially regulated in most types of cancer cells. However, the clinical significance of miR-210 and its effects on the response of leukemic cells to chemotherapeutic drugs in childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) remain unknown. In the current study, using real-time qRT-PCR to detect miR-210 expression in bone marrow samples from 114 children at initial diagnosis of ALL, we investigated the prognostic significance of miR-210 and determined its associations with common clinical characteristics and treatment outcome. We further examined its effect on the response to chemotherapeutic drugs in the Reh and RS4;11 cell lines. Results showed that miR-210 expression was significantly lower in patients suffering from relapse and induction failure than in other patients (P < 0.001). Using the receiver operating characteristic curve, 3.8243 was selected as the cut-off value of miR-210 expression in our test cohort (38 cases). A significantly poorer treatment outcome (P < 0.05) was found in the low-expression group and verified in the validation cohort (76 cases, P < 0.05). Patients with low expression of miR-210 and positive minimal residual disease at the end of induction had a much higher rate of relapse or induction failure (P = 0.001). Increasing/decreasing miR-210 expression using agomir/antagomir could enhance or reduce the response of Reh cells and RS4;11 cells to daunorubicin/dexamethasone/L-asparaginase and daunorubicin/dexamethasone/vincristine, respectively. In conclusion, miR-210 may be a good prognostic factor and a useful predictor of drug sensitivity, and is a potential therapeutic target for pediatric ALL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanyan Mei
- Key Laboratory of Major Diseases in Children (Capital Medical University), Ministry of Education, National Key Discipline of Pediatrics, Ministry of Education, Hematology Center, Beijing Children's Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
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HAN SHUWEN, ZHANG GANG, LI MAIDONG, CHEN DONGYUN, WANG YING, YE WENCAI, JI ZHAONING. L-securinine induces apoptosis in the human promyelocytic leukemia cell line HL-60 and influences the expression of genes involved in the PI3K/AKT/mTOR signaling pathway. Oncol Rep 2014; 31:2245-51. [DOI: 10.3892/or.2014.3101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2013] [Accepted: 02/03/2014] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
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