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Sainz-Hernández JC, Rueda-Puente EO, Cornejo-Ramírez YI, Bernal-Mercado AT, González-Ocampo HA, López-Corona BE. Biological Application of the Allopathic Characteristics of the Genus Maclura: A Review. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 12:3480. [PMID: 37836220 PMCID: PMC10574644 DOI: 10.3390/plants12193480] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2023] [Revised: 09/21/2023] [Accepted: 09/23/2023] [Indexed: 10/15/2023]
Abstract
Maclura is a plant genus little known and used, species of which have been mainly used in the recovery of soils, for medicinal purposes such as dental infection treatments, and as wood for making furniture and construction. The overexploitation of this genus has placed certain species in endangered extinction status in some countries, such as Brazil. In addition, the scarce research and information limit the development, cultivation, and management of its species regarding their biochemical composition, which includes bioactive compounds such as the phenolic and flavonoid compounds found in some species such as M. pomifera, M. cochinchinensis, and M. tinctoria. The plants' antioxidant, antimicrobial, anticancer, anti-inflammatory, and antiproliferative activities have been attributed to these compounds. Other biochemical components such as ashes, insoluble lignin, holocellulose, and the high content of lipids and carbohydrates have been identified to be used to produce biofuels, with characteristics very similar to fuels derived from petroleum. This review aims to analyze the current knowledge on the plant genus Maclura, exploring its biochemical compounds and potential applications, including as a food additive, antioxidant supplement, in agriculture, for therapeutic purposes, aquaculture, and the cosmetic and industrial sector.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan Carlos Sainz-Hernández
- Centro Interdisciplinario de Investigación para el Desarrollo Integral Regional, Unidad Sinaloa, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Sinaloa 81049, Mexico;
| | - Edgar Omar Rueda-Puente
- Departamento de Agricultura y Ganadería, Universidad de Sonora, Blvd. Luis Encinas y Rosales, Sinaloa 83323, Mexico;
| | - Yaeel Isbeth Cornejo-Ramírez
- Departamento de Investigación y Posgrado en Alimentos, Universidad de Sonora, Blvd. Luis Encinas y Rosales, Sinaloa 83000, Mexico; (Y.I.C.-R.); (A.T.B.-M.)
| | - Ariadna Thalía Bernal-Mercado
- Departamento de Investigación y Posgrado en Alimentos, Universidad de Sonora, Blvd. Luis Encinas y Rosales, Sinaloa 83000, Mexico; (Y.I.C.-R.); (A.T.B.-M.)
| | - Héctor Abelardo González-Ocampo
- Centro Interdisciplinario de Investigación para el Desarrollo Integral Regional, Unidad Sinaloa, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Sinaloa 81049, Mexico;
| | - Betzabe Ebenhezer López-Corona
- Departamento de Investigación y Posgrado en Alimentos, Universidad de Sonora, Blvd. Luis Encinas y Rosales, Sinaloa 83000, Mexico; (Y.I.C.-R.); (A.T.B.-M.)
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Jansakun C, Chulrik W, Hata J, Utaipan T, Pabuprapap W, Supaweera N, Mueangson O, Suksamrarn A, Chunglok W. Trihydroxyxanthones from the heartwood of Maclura cochinchinensis modulate M1/M2 macrophage polarisation and enhance surface TLR4. Inflammopharmacology 2023; 31:529-541. [PMID: 36580158 DOI: 10.1007/s10787-022-01121-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2022] [Accepted: 11/25/2022] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
The anti-inflammatory actions of phytochemicals have attracted much attention due to the current state of numerous inflammatory disorders. Thai traditional medicine uses Maclura cochinchinensis (Lour.) Corner to treat chronic fever and various inflammatory diseases, as well as to maintain normal lymphatic function. Five flavonoids and five xanthones were isolated from the heartwood of M. cochinchinensis and we investigated the anti-inflammatory properties of the isolated compounds. All isolated compounds possessed an anti-inflammatory effect by decreasing prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) synthesis in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-activated murine macrophages with varying degrees of potency. The greatest decrease in M1 inflammatory mediators, nitric oxide, PGE2, and proinflammatory cytokines was observed with 1,3,7-trihydroxyxanthone and 1,3,5-trihydroxyxanthone treatment of LPS-activated macrophages. The anti-inflammatory mechanism of the two xanthones is mediated by the suppression of inducible nitric oxide synthase, cyclooxygenase-2, and phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase/protein kinase B expression and the upregulation of M2 anti-inflammatory signalling proteins phosphorylated signal transducer and activator of transcription 6 and peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors-γ. 1,3,7-Trihydroxyxanthone exhibits superior induction of anti-inflammatory M2 mediator of LPS-activated macrophages by upregulating arginase1 expression. Following the resolution of inflammation, the two xanthones enhanced surface TLR4 expression compared to LPS-stimulated cells, possibly preserving macrophage function. Our research highlights the role of the two xanthones in modulating the M1/M2 macrophage polarisation to reduce inflammation and retain surface TLR4 once inflammation has been resolved. These findings support the use of xanthones for their anti-inflammatory effects in treating inflammatory dysregulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chutima Jansakun
- School of Allied Health Sciences, Walailak University, Nakhon Si Thammarat, 80160, Thailand
| | - Wanatsanan Chulrik
- Health Sciences (International Program), College of Graduate Studies, Walailak University, Nakhon Si Thammarat, 80160, Thailand
| | - Janejira Hata
- Department of Chemistry and Center of Excellence for Innovation in Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Ramkhamhaeng University, Bangkok, 10240, Thailand
| | - Tanyarath Utaipan
- Department of Science, Faculty of Science and Technology, Prince of Songkla University, Pattani Campus, Pattani, 94000, Thailand
| | - Wachirachai Pabuprapap
- Department of Chemistry and Center of Excellence for Innovation in Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Ramkhamhaeng University, Bangkok, 10240, Thailand
| | - Nassareen Supaweera
- Health Sciences (International Program), College of Graduate Studies, Walailak University, Nakhon Si Thammarat, 80160, Thailand
| | - Onchuma Mueangson
- School of Allied Health Sciences, Walailak University, Nakhon Si Thammarat, 80160, Thailand
| | - Apichart Suksamrarn
- Department of Chemistry and Center of Excellence for Innovation in Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Ramkhamhaeng University, Bangkok, 10240, Thailand
| | - Warangkana Chunglok
- School of Allied Health Sciences, Walailak University, Nakhon Si Thammarat, 80160, Thailand.
- Food Technology and Innovation Center of Excellence, Research and Innovation Institute of Excellence , Walailak University, Nakhon Si Thammarat, 80160, Thailand.
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Shrivastava AK, Sahu PK, Cecchi T, Shrestha L, Shah SK, Gupta A, Palikhey A, Joshi B, Gupta PP, Upadhyaya J, Paudel M, Koirala N. An emerging natural antioxidant therapy for COVID‐19 infection patients: Current and future directions. FOOD FRONTIERS 2023. [DOI: 10.1002/fft2.207] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Amit Kumar Shrivastava
- Department of Pharmacology Universal College of Medical Sciences Bhairahawa Rupandehi Nepal
| | - Prafulla Kumar Sahu
- School of Pharmacy Centurion University of Technology and Management Bhubaneswar Odisha India
| | | | - Laxmi Shrestha
- Department of Pharmacology Universal College of Medical Sciences Bhairahawa Rupandehi Nepal
| | - Sanjay Kumar Shah
- Department of Reproductive MedicineJoint Inter‐national Research Laboratory of Reproduction and DevelopmentChongquing Medical University ChongqingPeople's Republic of China
| | - Anamika Gupta
- Sharjah Institute for Medical Sciences University of Sharjah Sharjah United Arab Emirates
| | - Anjan Palikhey
- Department of Pharmacology Universal College of Medical Sciences Bhairahawa Rupandehi Nepal
| | - Bishal Joshi
- Department of Physiology, Universal College of Medical Sciences Bhairahawa Rupandehi Nepal
| | - Pramodkumar P. Gupta
- School of Biotechnology and Bioinformatics D. Y. Patil Deemed to be University, CBD Belapur Navi Mumbai India
| | - Jitendra Upadhyaya
- Institute of Agriculture and Animal Science Tribhuvan University Chitwan Nepal
| | - Mahendra Paudel
- Department of Agri‐Botany and Ecology Institute of Agriculture and Animal Science Tribhuvan University Mahendranagar Nepal
| | - Niranjan Koirala
- Natural Products Research FacilityGandaki Province Academy of Science and Technology Pokhara, Gandaki Province Nepal
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Imtiaz F, Islam M, Saeed H, Ahmed A. Phenolic compounds from Tradescantia pallida ameliorate diabetes by inhibiting enzymatic and non-enzymatic pathways. J Biomol Struct Dyn 2023; 41:11872-11888. [PMID: 36597930 DOI: 10.1080/07391102.2022.2164059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2022] [Accepted: 12/24/2022] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Diabetes is a chronic metabolic disorder marked by postprandial hyperglycemia due to several etiologies including abnormal carbohydrate digestion and glycation of hemoglobin. The prolong use of synthetic drugs results in characteristic side effects which necessitates the discovery of safe and cost-effective substitutes. The aim of the current study is to isolate and evaluate the antidiabetic potential of the phenolic compounds from the leaves of Tradescantia pallida. Syringic acid, p-coumaric acid, morin and catechin (compounds 1-4) were isolated and characterized from Tradescantia pallida leaves using column chromatography and spectroscopic techniques. The in vitro antidiabetic potential of the phenolic compounds were assessed using α-amylase and non-enzymatic glycosylation of hemoglobin protein assays. A mechanistic insight of interactions between phenolic compounds and human α-amylase and hemoglobin protein were scrutinized by employing molecular docking method. Prime Molecular Mechanics/Generalized Born Surface Area (MM-GBSA) calculations were carried out to find the binding energies of the ligand-protein complexes. Morin and catechin were further analyzed to find the dynamic and thermodynamic constraints of the complexes under specific biological conditions using molecular dynamic simulation trajectories. The stability and flexibility of the complexes were justified by fluctuation of α-carbon chain, Root Mean Square Deviation (RMSD), Root Mean Square Fluctuation (RMSF) and type of interactions involved which authenticated the in vitro inhibitory potential of morin and catechin against enzymatic and non-enzymatic pathways. The current study could be fruitful in rational designing of safe antidiabetic drugs of natural origin.Communicated by Ramaswamy H. Sarma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fariha Imtiaz
- Section of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Punjab University College of Pharmacy, University of the Punjab, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Islam
- Section of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Punjab University College of Pharmacy, University of the Punjab, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Hamid Saeed
- Section of Pharmaceutics, Punjab University College of Pharmacy, University of the Punjab, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Abrar Ahmed
- Section of Pharmacognosy, Punjab University College of Pharmacy, University of the Punjab, Lahore, Pakistan
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Lakornwong W, Kanokmedhakul K, Masranoi J, Tontapha S, Yahuafai J, Laphookhieo S, Suthiphasilp V, Kanokmedhakul S. Cytotoxic and antibacterial xanthones from the roots of Maclura cochinchinensis. Nat Prod Res 2022; 36:6021-6030. [DOI: 10.1080/14786419.2022.2062351] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Waranya Lakornwong
- Natural Products Research Unit, Department of Chemistry and Center of Excellence for Innovation in Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand
| | - Kwanjai Kanokmedhakul
- Natural Products Research Unit, Department of Chemistry and Center of Excellence for Innovation in Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand
| | - Jariya Masranoi
- Natural Products Research Unit, Department of Chemistry and Center of Excellence for Innovation in Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand
| | - Sarawut Tontapha
- Institute of Nanomaterials Research and Innovation for Energy, Department of Physics, Faculty of Science, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand
| | - Jantana Yahuafai
- Clinical Research Section, Division of Research and Academic Support, National Cancer Institute, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Surat Laphookhieo
- Center of Chemical Innovation for Sustainability (CIS) and School of Science, Mae Fah Luang University, Chiang Rai, Thailand
| | - Virayu Suthiphasilp
- Center of Chemical Innovation for Sustainability (CIS) and School of Science, Mae Fah Luang University, Chiang Rai, Thailand
| | - Somdej Kanokmedhakul
- Natural Products Research Unit, Department of Chemistry and Center of Excellence for Innovation in Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand
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Polbuppha I, Suthiphasilp V, Maneerat T, Charoensup R, Limtharakul T, Cheenpracha S, Pyne SG, Laphookhieo S. Macluracochinones A-E, antimicrobial flavonoids from Maclura cochinchinensis (Lour.) Corner. PHYTOCHEMISTRY 2021; 187:112773. [PMID: 33873019 DOI: 10.1016/j.phytochem.2021.112773] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2020] [Revised: 04/05/2021] [Accepted: 04/06/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
The phytochemical investigation of the fruit and leaf extracts of Maclura cochinchinensis (Lour.) Corner (Moraceae) resulted in the isolation and identification of four undescribed isoflavones (macluracochinones A-D) and one undescribed flavone (macluracochinone E), together with 24 known compounds. The structures of the undescribed compounds were elucidated using nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) and high-resolution electrospray ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry (HRESITOFMS) experiments. Gancaonin M, lupiwighteone, lupalbigenin, warangalone, auriculatin, and millexatin F displayed good antibacterial activities against Gram-positive bacteria with MIC values in the range of 1-8 μg/mL. Lupalbigenin showed strong activities against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) and S. aureus with the same MIC value of 1 μg/mL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Isaraporn Polbuppha
- Center of Chemical Innovation for Sustainability (CIS) and School of Science, Mae Fah Luang University, Chiang Rai, 57100, Thailand; School of Chemistry and Molecular Bioscience, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, New South Wales, 2522, Australia
| | - Virayu Suthiphasilp
- Center of Chemical Innovation for Sustainability (CIS) and School of Science, Mae Fah Luang University, Chiang Rai, 57100, Thailand
| | - Tharakorn Maneerat
- Center of Chemical Innovation for Sustainability (CIS) and School of Science, Mae Fah Luang University, Chiang Rai, 57100, Thailand; Medicinal Plant Innovation Center of Mae Fah Luang University, Chiang Rai, 57100, Thailand
| | - Rawiwan Charoensup
- Medicinal Plant Innovation Center of Mae Fah Luang University, Chiang Rai, 57100, Thailand; School of Integrative Medicine, Mae Fah Luang University, Chiang Rai, 57100, Thailand
| | - Thunwadee Limtharakul
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Research Center on Chemistry for Development of Health Promoting Products from Northern Resources, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, 50200, Thailand
| | | | - Stephen G Pyne
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Bioscience, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, New South Wales, 2522, Australia.
| | - Surat Laphookhieo
- Center of Chemical Innovation for Sustainability (CIS) and School of Science, Mae Fah Luang University, Chiang Rai, 57100, Thailand; Medicinal Plant Innovation Center of Mae Fah Luang University, Chiang Rai, 57100, Thailand.
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7
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Suthiphasilp V, Meesakul P, Richardson C, Pyne SG, Laphookhieo S. Isolation and crystal structure of lawinal. Acta Crystallogr E Crystallogr Commun 2021; 77:75-78. [PMID: 33520287 PMCID: PMC7784046 DOI: 10.1107/s2056989020016540] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2020] [Accepted: 12/22/2020] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
The structure of the natural product lawinal [systematic name: (-)-(2S)-5,7-dihy-droxy-6-methyl-4-oxo-2-phenyl-chromane-8-carbaldehyde, C17H14O5] at 150 K is reported. The compound crystallizes with monoclinic (I2) symmetry and with Z' = 2. The absolute configuration could not be determined reliably from X-ray analysis only. However, our analysis returns the S-configuration at the C-2 position, consistent with previous stereochemical assignment from specific rotation. The independent mol-ecules form into alternating hydrogen-bonded chains with C-H⋯O=CH inter-molecular linkages that run parallel to the crystallographic a axis and are extended into the ac plane by π-π inter-actions between their phenyl substituents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Virayu Suthiphasilp
- Center of Chemical Innovation for Sustainability (CIS) and School of Science, Mae Fah Luang University, Chiang Rai 57100, Thailand
| | - Pornphimol Meesakul
- Center of Chemical Innovation for Sustainability (CIS) and School of Science, Mae Fah Luang University, Chiang Rai 57100, Thailand
| | - Christopher Richardson
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Bioscience, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, New South Wales 2522, Australia
| | - Stephen G. Pyne
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Bioscience, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, New South Wales 2522, Australia
| | - Surat Laphookhieo
- Center of Chemical Innovation for Sustainability (CIS) and School of Science, Mae Fah Luang University, Chiang Rai 57100, Thailand
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Hwang H, Winkler‐Moser JK, Tisserat B, Harry‐O'kuru RE, Berhow MA, Liu SX. Antioxidant Activity of Osage Orange Extract in Soybean Oil and Fish Oil during Storage. J AM OIL CHEM SOC 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/aocs.12458] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Hong‐Sik Hwang
- Functional Foods Research Unit, U.S. Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service National Center for Agricultural Utilization Research 1815 North University Street Peoria IL 61604 USA
| | - Jill K. Winkler‐Moser
- Functional Foods Research Unit, U.S. Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service National Center for Agricultural Utilization Research 1815 North University Street Peoria IL 61604 USA
| | - Brent Tisserat
- Functional Foods Research Unit, U.S. Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service National Center for Agricultural Utilization Research 1815 North University Street Peoria IL 61604 USA
| | - Rogers E. Harry‐O'kuru
- Bio‐Oils Research Unit, United States Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service National Center for Agricultural Utilization Research 1815 N. University Street Peoria IL 61604 USA
| | - Mark A. Berhow
- Functional Foods Research Unit, U.S. Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service National Center for Agricultural Utilization Research 1815 North University Street Peoria IL 61604 USA
| | - Sean X. Liu
- Functional Foods Research Unit, U.S. Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service National Center for Agricultural Utilization Research 1815 North University Street Peoria IL 61604 USA
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Sahu SN, Mishra B, Sahu R, Pattanayak SK. Molecular dynamics simulation perception study of the binding affinity performance for main protease of SARS-CoV-2. J Biomol Struct Dyn 2020; 40:2444-2459. [PMID: 33228481 PMCID: PMC7754937 DOI: 10.1080/07391102.2020.1850362] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
Like common cold and flu, SARC-CoV-2 virus spreads by droplets of sneezes or coughs which virus affects people of various age groups. Today, this virus is almost distributed all over the world. Since binding process plays a crucial role between host and receptor, therefore, we studied the molecules intended toward inhibition process through molecular docking and molecular dynamics simulation process. From the molecular docking study, it is noteworthy that remdesivir shows better binding affinity toward the main protease of SARS-CoV2 compared to other studied drugs. Within studied phytochemicals, carnosic acid shows better binding poses toward main protease of SARS-CoV2 among studied phytochemicals. The amino acid residues GLN110 and PHE294 were almost found in all the studied interactions of drugs and phytochemicals with main protease of SARS-CoV-2. Furthermore, the results show a larger contribution of the Van der Waals energies as compared to others like electrostatic energies suggesting that ligands at the binding pocket are predominantly stabilized by hydrophobic interactions. The conformational change during ligand binding was predicted from Gibbs free energy landscape analysis through molecular dynamics simulation. We observed that, there were two main free energy basins for both docked carnosic acid complex and for docked remdesivir complex, only one main free energy basin was found in the global free energy minimum region. Communicated by Ramaswamy H. Sarma
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Affiliation(s)
- Satya Narayan Sahu
- School of Applied Sciences, Kalinga Institute of Industrial Technology (KIIT), Deemed to be University, Bhubaneswar, India
| | - Biswajit Mishra
- School of Applied Sciences, Kalinga Institute of Industrial Technology (KIIT), Deemed to be University, Bhubaneswar, India
| | - Rojalin Sahu
- School of Applied Sciences, Kalinga Institute of Industrial Technology (KIIT), Deemed to be University, Bhubaneswar, India
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A validated HPTLC method for quantitative analysis of morin in Maclura cochinchinensis heartwood. CHINESE HERBAL MEDICINES 2020; 12:200-203. [PMID: 36119802 PMCID: PMC9476798 DOI: 10.1016/j.chmed.2019.09.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2019] [Revised: 09/23/2019] [Accepted: 09/28/2019] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
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In vitro and in vivo evidence of hypouricemic and anti-inflammatory activities of Maclura cochinchinensis (Lour.) Corner heartwood extract. J Tradit Complement Med 2019; 10:85-94. [PMID: 31956562 PMCID: PMC6957808 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtcme.2019.03.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2018] [Revised: 03/03/2019] [Accepted: 03/08/2019] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Maclura cochinchinensis (Lour.) Corner (MC) heartwood extracts have been used for the treatment of gout, hyperuricemia, and inflammation in Thai traditional medicine. Despite their traditional use, their mechanisms of action remain unknown. The aim of this study was to determine the mechanisms of MC heartwood extract activity using both in vitro and in vivo models . The extraction methods were optimized to yield the highest contents of biochemical compounds and antioxidant activities. The effects of MC heartwood extract on xanthine oxidase and its enzyme kinetics were determined in vitro and the antihyperuricemic effect was evaluated in potassium oxonate (PO)-induced hyperuricemic mice. The anti-inflammatory effect of MC heartwood extract was also tested against lipopolysaccharide-induced proinflammatory mRNA upregulation in RAW 264.7 mouse macrophage cells. Soxhlet extraction of MC heartwood with 70% ethanol produced stronger antioxidant activity, and higher total phenolic and flavonoid contents than conventional methods did (maceration or decoction). By using HPLC, we found that MC contains morin as a major constituent, which may account for its pharmacological activities. Moreover, administration of MC heartwood extract (500 mg/kg) markedly decreased uric acid levels in PO-induced hyperuricemic mice (p < 0.05). MC heartwood extract inhibited the hepatic activity of xanthine oxidase ex vivo by approximately 53%. In addition, MC heartwood extract markedly downregulated mRNA expression of inflammatory mediators (TNF-α, TGF-β, iNOS, and COX-2) and this inhibition was comparable with that of dexamethasone. Therefore, MC heartwood extract is a promising candidate as a natural treatment for inflammation and the hyperuricemia that causes gout.
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Orazbekov Y, Ibrahim MA, Mombekov S, Srivedavyasasri R, Datkhayev U, Makhatov B, Chaurasiya ND, Tekwani BL, Ross SA. Isolation and Biological Evaluation of Prenylated Flavonoids from Maclura pomifera. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE : ECAM 2018; 2018:1370368. [PMID: 29552078 PMCID: PMC5820588 DOI: 10.1155/2018/1370368] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2017] [Accepted: 12/09/2017] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Phytochemical analysis of the ethanolic extract of Maclura pomifera fruits yielded four new compounds (I-IV) along with eleven known compounds (V-XV). The crude extract exhibited significant activity towards cannabinoid receptors (CB1: 103.4% displacement; CB2: 68.8% displacement) and possibly allosteric interaction with δ and μ opioid receptors (-49.7 and -53.8% displacement, resp.). Compound I was found to be possibly allosteric for κ and μ opioid receptors (-88.4 and -27.2% displacement, resp.) and showed moderate activity (60.5% displacement) towards CB1 receptor. Compound II exhibited moderate activity towards cannabinoid receptors CB1 and CB2 (47.9 and 42.3% displacement, resp.). The known compounds (V-VIII) exhibited prominent activity towards cannabinoid receptors: pomiferin (V) (IC50 of 2.110 and 1.318 μM for CB1 and CB2, resp.), auriculasin (VI) (IC50 of 8.923 μM for CB1), warangalone (VII) (IC50 of 1.670 and 4.438 μM for CB1 and CB2, resp.), and osajin (VIII) (IC50 of 3.859 and 7.646 μM for CB1 and CB2, resp.). The isolated compounds were also tested for inhibition of human monoamine oxidase-A and monoamine oxidase-B enzymes activities, where all the tested compounds showed fewer inhibitory effects on MAO-A compared to MAO-B activities: auriculasin (VI) (IC50 of 1.91 and 45.98 μM for MAO-B and MAO-A, resp.).
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Affiliation(s)
- Yerkebulan Orazbekov
- National Center for Natural Products Research, University of Mississippi, University, MS 38677, USA
- South-Kazakhstan State Pharmaceutical Academy, Al-Farabi Square, Shymkent 160019, Kazakhstan
| | - Mohamed A. Ibrahim
- National Center for Natural Products Research, University of Mississippi, University, MS 38677, USA
- Department of Chemistry of Natural Compounds, National Research Center, Dokki, Cairo 12622, Egypt
| | - Serjan Mombekov
- Kazakh National Medical University, Almaty 050000, Kazakhstan
| | | | | | - Bauyrzhan Makhatov
- South-Kazakhstan State Pharmaceutical Academy, Al-Farabi Square, Shymkent 160019, Kazakhstan
| | - Narayan D. Chaurasiya
- National Center for Natural Products Research, University of Mississippi, University, MS 38677, USA
| | - Babu L. Tekwani
- National Center for Natural Products Research, University of Mississippi, University, MS 38677, USA
- Department of Biomolecular Science, University of Mississippi, University, MS 38677, USA
| | - Samir A. Ross
- National Center for Natural Products Research, University of Mississippi, University, MS 38677, USA
- Department of Biomolecular Science, University of Mississippi, University, MS 38677, USA
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Kongkiatpaiboon S, Tungsukruthai P, Sriyakool K, Pansuksan K, Tunsirikongkon A, Pandith H. Determination of Morin in Maclura cochinchinensis Heartwood by HPLC. J Chromatogr Sci 2017; 55:346-350. [PMID: 27974355 DOI: 10.1093/chromsci/bmw191] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2016] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
The HPLC-DAD method was developed to determine morin content in Maclura cochinchinensis Corner heartwood extract. The chromatographic separation was performed using a Hypersil BDS C18 column, isocratic solvent system of 0.5% acetic acid in water:acetonitrile (80:20) with 1.0 mL/min flow rate and detected at 355 nm. The standard curve of morin was linear in the range of 7-905 μg/mL. The method was precise with intra-day relative standard deviation (RSD) of lower than 1% and 2.06% for inter-day RSD. The method accuracy represented by percent recover was 99.58%. The highly efficient HPLC system developed from this study could detect morin contents in M. cochinchinensis heartwood samples collected from various locations in Thailand in the range of 0.74-1.57% w/w. This developed method provided a useful standardization procedure of M. cochincihinesis materials for further application in pharmacy and other commercial developments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sumet Kongkiatpaiboon
- Drug Discovery and Development Center, Thammasat University (Rangsit Campus), 99 Moo 18 Phaholyothin Road, Khlong Nueng, Khlong Luang, Pathumthani 12120, Thailand
| | - Parunkul Tungsukruthai
- Chulabhorn International College of Medicine, Thammasat University, Pathumthani 12120, Thailand
| | - Kusuma Sriyakool
- Chulabhorn International College of Medicine, Thammasat University, Pathumthani 12120, Thailand
| | - Kanoktip Pansuksan
- Chulabhorn International College of Medicine, Thammasat University, Pathumthani 12120, Thailand
| | | | - Hataichanok Pandith
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand
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Gardner EM, Sarraf P, Williams EW, Zerega NJC. Phylogeny and biogeography of Maclura (Moraceae) and the origin of an anachronistic fruit. Mol Phylogenet Evol 2017; 117:49-59. [PMID: 28698111 DOI: 10.1016/j.ympev.2017.06.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2016] [Revised: 06/27/2017] [Accepted: 06/29/2017] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS Maclura (ca. 12spp., Moraceae) is a widespread genus of trees and woody climbers found on five continents. Maclura pomifera, the Osage orange, is considered a classic example of an anachronistic fruit. Native to the central USA, the grapefruit-sized Osage oranges are unpalatable and have no known extant native dispersers, leading to speculation that the fruits were adapted to extinct megafauna. Our aim was to reconstruct the phylogeny, estimate divergence dates, and infer ancestral ranges of Maclura in order to test the monophyly of subgeneric classifications and to understand evolution and dispersal patterns in this globally distributed group. METHODS Employing Bayesian and maximum-likelihood methods, we reconstructed the Maclura phylogeny using two nuclear and five chloroplast loci from all Maclura species and outgroups representing all Moraceae tribes. We reconstructed ancestral ranges and syncarp sizes using a family level dated tree, and used Ornstein-Uhlenbeck models to test for significant changes in syncarp size in the Osage orange lineage. KEY RESULTS Our analyses support a monophyletic Maclura with a Paleocene crown. Subgeneric sections were monophyletic except for the geographically-disjunct Cardiogyne. There was strong support for current species delineations except in the widespread M. cochinchinensis. South America was reconstructed as the ancestral range for Maclura with subsequent colonization of Africa and the northern hemisphere. The clade containing M. pomifera likely diverged in the Oligocene, closely coinciding with crown divergence dates of the mammoth/mastodon and sloth clades that contain possible extinct dispersers. The best fitting model for syncarp size evolution indicated an increase in both syncarp size and the rate of syncarp size evolution in the Osage orange lineage. CONCLUSIONS We conclude that our findings are consistent with the hypothesis that M. pomifera was adapted to dispersal by extinct megafauna. In addition, we consider dispersal rather than vicariance to be most likely responsible for the present distribution of Maclura, as crown divergence post-dated the separation of Africa and South America. We propose revised sectional delimitations based on the phylogeny. This study represents a complete phylogenetic and biogeographic analysis of this globally distributed genus and provides a basis for future work, including a taxonomic revision.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elliot M Gardner
- Chicago Botanic Garden, Plant Science and Conservation, 1000 Lake Cook Road, Glencoe, IL 60022, USA; Northwestern University, Program in Plant Biology and Conservation, 2205 Tech Dr., Evanston, IL 60208, USA.
| | - Paya Sarraf
- Northwestern University, Program in Plant Biology and Conservation, 2205 Tech Dr., Evanston, IL 60208, USA
| | - Evelyn W Williams
- Chicago Botanic Garden, Plant Science and Conservation, 1000 Lake Cook Road, Glencoe, IL 60022, USA
| | - Nyree J C Zerega
- Chicago Botanic Garden, Plant Science and Conservation, 1000 Lake Cook Road, Glencoe, IL 60022, USA; Northwestern University, Program in Plant Biology and Conservation, 2205 Tech Dr., Evanston, IL 60208, USA.
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Zhong MG, Xiang YF, Qiu XX, Liu Z, Kitazato K, Wang YF. Natural products as a source of anti-herpes simplex virus agents. RSC Adv 2013. [DOI: 10.1039/c2ra21464d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
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17
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Tuntipaleepun M, Chakthong S, Ponglimanont C, Plodpai P, Voravuthikunchai SP. Antifungal and cytotoxic substances from the stem barks of Desmos chinensis. CHINESE CHEM LETT 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cclet.2012.03.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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Panhwar QK, Memon S. Synthesis and evaluation of antioxidant and antibacterial properties of morin complexes. J COORD CHEM 2011. [DOI: 10.1080/00958972.2011.590192] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Qadeer K. Panhwar
- a Dr M.A. Kazi Institute of Chemistry, University of Sindh , Jamshoro, Pakistan
- b National Center of Excellence in Analytical Chemistry, University of Sindh , Jamshoro 76080, Pakistan
| | - Shahabuddin Memon
- a Dr M.A. Kazi Institute of Chemistry, University of Sindh , Jamshoro, Pakistan
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Chattopadhyay D, Khan MTH. Ethnomedicines and ethnomedicinal phytophores against herpesviruses. BIOTECHNOLOGY ANNUAL REVIEW 2008; 14:297-348. [PMID: 18606369 DOI: 10.1016/s1387-2656(08)00012-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Herpesviruses are important human pathogens that can cause mild to severe lifelong infections with high morbidity in susceptible adults. Moreover, Herpes simplex virus (HSV) type 2, for example, has been reported to be responsible for increased transmission and disease progression of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). Therefore, the discovery of novel anti-HSV drugs deserves great efforts. Herbal medicinal products have been used as source of putative candidate drugs in many diseases. However, in case of viral diseases the development of antivirals from natural source is less explored probably because within the virus there are few specific targets where the small molecules can interact to inhibit or kill the virus. The currently available antiherpes drugs are nucleoside analogs that did not cure the lifelong or recurrent infections and the use of these drugs often lead to the development of viral resistance coupled with the problem of side effects, recurrence and viral latency. However a wide array of herbal products, used by diverse medicinal systems throughout the world, showed high level of antiherpesvirus activities and many of them have complementary and overlapping mechanism of action, either by inhibiting viral replication, or viral genome synthesis. This chapter will summarize some of the promising herbal extracts and purified compounds isolated from the herbal sources by several laboratories. Cases with proven in vitro and documented in vivo activities, along with their structure-activity relationship against herpesviruses are discussed.
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Kupeli E, Orhan I, Toker G, Yesilada E. Anti-inflammatory and antinociceptive potential of Maclura pomifera (Rafin.) Schneider fruit extracts and its major isoflavonoids, scandenone and auriculasin. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2006; 107:169-74. [PMID: 16600547 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2006.02.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2005] [Revised: 02/15/2006] [Accepted: 02/28/2006] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
The aqueous, ethanolic and chloroform extracts and two prenylated isoflavones: scandenone (I) and auriculasin (II), isolated from the fruits of Maclura pomifera (Rafin.) Schneider, were investigated for their in vivo anti-inflammatory and antinociceptive activity. For the anti-inflammatory activity, both carrageenan-induced hind paw edema and 12-O-tetradecanoyl-13-acetate (TPA)-induced mouse ear edema models and for the antinociceptive activity, p-benzoquinone-induced abdominal constriction test were used. Scandenone, the chloroform and the ethanolic extracts were shown to possess antinociceptive activity and anti-inflammatory activity on carrageenan-induced hind paw edema model at 100 mg/kg dose. The same compound and the extract were also found to be highly active in (TPA)-induced mouse ear edema model whereas auriculasin and the H(2)O extract showed to be inactive in all of the assays.
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Affiliation(s)
- Esra Kupeli
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Gazi University, Etiler 6330, Ankara, Turkey
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Chávez JH, Leal PC, Yunes RA, Nunes RJ, Barardi CRM, Pinto AR, Simões CMO, Zanetti CR. Evaluation of antiviral activity of phenolic compounds and derivatives against rabies virus. Vet Microbiol 2006; 116:53-9. [PMID: 16697126 DOI: 10.1016/j.vetmic.2006.03.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2005] [Revised: 03/07/2006] [Accepted: 03/27/2006] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Human rabies is a viral disease with a great impact on public health, mainly on account of its fatal course in the majority of cases. Despite the well-established prophylaxis by immunization, rabies is believed to be responsible for 40,000-70,000 human deaths per year, mostly in endemic areas. Palliative support and experimental protocols to avoid death have been employed with no expressive results, with the exception of a recent human case of recovery from rabies. No antiviral drugs are currently available to fight against this infection. In combination with the prophylaxis, an antiviral drug would be useful for human rabies treatment, providing enhanced protection against the encephalitis caused by the virus. Phenolic compounds are derived from the secondary plant metabolism, although they can also be obtained by synthetic processes. Many studies have shown a great range of pharmacological effects for these substances, including vasodilatation, antiallergenic, antiinflammatory and antiviral properties, among others. In this study, the potential in-vitro anti-rabies activity of 24 synthetic phenolic compounds was evaluated using McCoy cells and PV rabies strain. The cytotoxicity (CC50) was assayed by the MTT method and the antiviral activity (IC50) was estimated by the inhibition of viral cytopathic effects. Isoprinosine and ketamine were used as positive controls. The tested compounds showed selectivity indices (SI=CC50/IC50) ranging from 1.0 to 3.9. Six phenolic compounds failed to inhibit the cytopathic effect to any degree, and four showed SI > or = 3.0. According to these results, some probable structure-activity relationships are suggested. It was observed that the presence of free hydroxyl and ether groups influenced the anti-rabies activity. However, additional studies are required to establish these relationships.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juliana H Chávez
- Laboratório de Imunologia Aplicada, Departamento de Microbiologia e Parasitologia, CCB, Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Florianópolis 88040-900, SC, Brazil
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Herbal extracts and compounds active against herpes simplex virus. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2006. [DOI: 10.1016/s1572-557x(05)02005-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register]
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Abstract
Several hundred plant and herb species that have potential as novel antiviral agents have been studied, with surprisingly little overlap. A wide variety of active phytochemicals, including the flavonoids, terpenoids, lignans, sulphides, polyphenolics, coumarins, saponins, furyl compounds, alkaloids, polyines, thiophenes, proteins and peptides have been identified. Some volatile essential oils of commonly used culinary herbs, spices and herbal teas have also exhibited a high level of antiviral activity. However, given the few classes of compounds investigated, most of the pharmacopoeia of compounds in medicinal plants with antiviral activity is still not known. Several of these phytochemicals have complementary and overlapping mechanisms of action, including antiviral effects by either inhibiting the formation of viral DNA or RNA or inhibiting the activity of viral reproduction. Assay methods to determine antiviral activity include multiple-arm trials, randomized crossover studies, and more compromised designs such as nonrandomized crossovers and pre- and post-treatment analyses. Methods are needed to link antiviral efficacy/potency- and laboratory-based research. Nevertheless, the relative success achieved recently using medicinal plant/herb extracts of various species that are capable of acting therapeutically in various viral infections has raised optimism about the future of phyto-antiviral agents. As this review illustrates, there are innumerable potentially useful medicinal plants and herbs waiting to be evaluated and exploited for therapeutic applications against genetically and functionally diverse viruses families such as Retroviridae, Hepadnaviridae and Herpesviridae
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Affiliation(s)
- S A A Jassim
- Department of Microbiology, Zayed Complex for Herbal Research and Traditional Medicine, General Authority for Health Services of Emirate of Abu Dhabi, Abu Dhabi, UAE.
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Du J, He ZD, Jiang RW, Ye WC, Xu HX, But PPH. Antiviral flavonoids from the root bark of Morus alba L. PHYTOCHEMISTRY 2003; 62:1235-1238. [PMID: 12648543 DOI: 10.1016/s0031-9422(02)00753-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 126] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
A prenylated flavonoid, moralbanone, along with seven known compounds kuwanon S, mulberroside C, cyclomorusin, eudraflavone B hydroperoxide, oxydihydromorusin, leachianone G and alpha-acetyl-amyrin were isolated from the root bark of Morus alba L. Leachianone G showed potent antiviral activity (IC(50) = 1.6 microg/ml), whereas mulberroside C showed weak activity (IC(50) = 75.4 microg/ml) against herpes simplex type 1 virus (HSV-1). Their structures were elucidated by spectroscopic methods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiang Du
- Department of Biology and Chemistry and Institute of Chinese Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong, PR China
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