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Chen C, Huang Z, Dong S, Ding M, Li J, Wang M, Zeng X, Zhang X, Sun X. Calcium signaling in oocyte quality and functionality and its application. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2024; 15:1411000. [PMID: 39220364 PMCID: PMC11361953 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2024.1411000] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2024] [Accepted: 07/29/2024] [Indexed: 09/04/2024] Open
Abstract
Calcium (Ca2+) is a second messenger for many signal pathways, and changes in intracellular Ca2+ concentration ([Ca2+]i) are an important signaling mechanism in the oocyte maturation, activation, fertilization, function regulation of granulosa and cumulus cells and offspring development. Ca2+ oscillations occur during oocyte maturation and fertilization, which are maintained by Ca2+ stores and extracellular Ca2+ ([Ca2+]e). Abnormalities in Ca2+ signaling can affect the release of the first polar body, the first meiotic division, and chromosome and spindle morphology. Well-studied aspects of Ca2+ signaling in the oocyte are oocyte activation and fertilization. Oocyte activation, driven by sperm-specific phospholipase PLCζ, is initiated by concerted intracellular patterns of Ca2+ release, termed Ca2+ oscillations. Ca2+ oscillations persist for a long time during fertilization and are coordinately engaged by a variety of Ca2+ channels, pumps, regulatory proteins and their partners. Calcium signaling also regulates granulosa and cumulus cells' function, which further affects oocyte maturation and fertilization outcome. Clinically, there are several physical and chemical options for treating fertilization failure through oocyte activation. Additionally, various exogenous compounds or drugs can cause ovarian dysfunction and female infertility by inducing abnormal Ca2+ signaling or Ca2+ dyshomeostasis in oocytes and granulosa cells. Therefore, the reproductive health risks caused by adverse stresses should arouse our attention. This review will systematically summarize the latest research progress on the aforementioned aspects and propose further research directions on calcium signaling in female reproduction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chen Chen
- Institute of Reproductive Medicine, Medical School, Nantong University, Nantong, China
| | - Zefan Huang
- Institute of Reproductive Medicine, Medical School, Nantong University, Nantong, China
| | - Shijue Dong
- Institute of Reproductive Medicine, Medical School, Nantong University, Nantong, China
| | - Mengqian Ding
- Institute of Reproductive Medicine, Medical School, Nantong University, Nantong, China
| | - Jinran Li
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong University, Nantong, China
| | - Miaomiao Wang
- Institute of Reproductive Medicine, Medical School, Nantong University, Nantong, China
| | - Xuhui Zeng
- Institute of Reproductive Medicine, Medical School, Nantong University, Nantong, China
| | - Xiaoning Zhang
- Institute of Reproductive Medicine, Medical School, Nantong University, Nantong, China
| | - Xiaoli Sun
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong University, Nantong, China
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Fernández Santoro EM, Karim A, Warnaar P, De Zeeuw CI, Badura A, Negrello M. Purkinje cell models: past, present and future. Front Comput Neurosci 2024; 18:1426653. [PMID: 39049990 PMCID: PMC11266113 DOI: 10.3389/fncom.2024.1426653] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2024] [Accepted: 06/24/2024] [Indexed: 07/27/2024] Open
Abstract
The investigation of the dynamics of Purkinje cell (PC) activity is crucial to unravel the role of the cerebellum in motor control, learning and cognitive processes. Within the cerebellar cortex (CC), these neurons receive all the incoming sensory and motor information, transform it and generate the entire cerebellar output. The relatively homogenous and repetitive structure of the CC, common to all vertebrate species, suggests a single computation mechanism shared across all PCs. While PC models have been developed since the 70's, a comprehensive review of contemporary models is currently lacking. Here, we provide an overview of PC models, ranging from the ones focused on single cell intracellular PC dynamics, through complex models which include synaptic and extrasynaptic inputs. We review how PC models can reproduce physiological activity of the neuron, including firing patterns, current and multistable dynamics, plateau potentials, calcium signaling, intrinsic and synaptic plasticity and input/output computations. We consider models focusing both on somatic and on dendritic computations. Our review provides a critical performance analysis of PC models with respect to known physiological data. We expect our synthesis to be useful in guiding future development of computational models that capture real-life PC dynamics in the context of cerebellar computations.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Arun Karim
- Department of Neuroscience, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, Netherlands
| | - Pascal Warnaar
- Department of Neuroscience, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, Netherlands
- Netherlands Institute for Neuroscience, Royal Academy of Arts and Sciences, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Chris I. De Zeeuw
- Department of Neuroscience, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, Netherlands
- Netherlands Institute for Neuroscience, Royal Academy of Arts and Sciences, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | | | - Mario Negrello
- Department of Neuroscience, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, Netherlands
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Ismatullah H, Jabeen I, Kiani YS. Structural and functional insight into a new emerging target IP 3R in cancer. J Biomol Struct Dyn 2024; 42:2170-2196. [PMID: 37070253 DOI: 10.1080/07391102.2023.2201332] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2023] [Accepted: 04/05/2023] [Indexed: 04/19/2023]
Abstract
Calcium signaling has been identified as an important phenomenon in a plethora of cellular processes. Inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate receptors (IP3Rs) are ER-residing intracellular calcium (Ca2+) release channels responsible for cell bioenergetics by transferring calcium from the ER to the mitochondria. The recent availability of full-length IP3R channel structure has enabled the researchers to design the IP3 competitive ligands and reveal the channel gating mechanism by elucidating the conformational changes induced by ligands. However, limited knowledge is available for IP3R antagonists and the exact mechanism of action of these antagonists within a tumorigenic environment of a cell. Here in this review a summarized information about the role of IP3R in cell proliferation and apoptosis has been discussed. Moreover, structure and gating mechanism of IP3R in the presence of antagonists have been provided in this review. Additionally, compelling information about ligand-based studies (both agonists and antagonists) has been discussed. The shortcomings of these studies and the challenges toward the design of potent IP3R modulators have also been provided in this review. However, the conformational changes induced by antagonists for channel gating mechanism still display some major drawbacks that need to be addressed. However, the design, synthesis and availability of isoform-specific antagonists is a rather challenging one due to intra-structural similarity within the binding domain of each isoform. HighlightsThe intricate complexity of IP3R's in cellular processes declares them an important target whereby, the recently solved structure depicts the receptor's potential involvement in a complex network of processes spanning from cell proliferation to cell death.Pharmacological inhibition of IP3R attenuates the proliferation or invasiveness of cancers, thus inducing necrotic cell death.Despite significant advancements, there is a tremendous need to design new potential hits to target IP3R, based upon 3D structural features and pharmacophoric patterns.Communicated by Ramaswamy H. Sarma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Humaira Ismatullah
- Department of Sciences, School of Interdisciplinary Engineering and Sciences (SINES), National University of Sciences and Technology (NUST), Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Ishrat Jabeen
- Department of Sciences, School of Interdisciplinary Engineering and Sciences (SINES), National University of Sciences and Technology (NUST), Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Yusra Sajid Kiani
- Department of Sciences, School of Interdisciplinary Engineering and Sciences (SINES), National University of Sciences and Technology (NUST), Islamabad, Pakistan
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Paknejad N, Sapuru V, Hite RK. Structural titration reveals Ca 2+-dependent conformational landscape of the IP 3 receptor. Nat Commun 2023; 14:6897. [PMID: 37898605 PMCID: PMC10613215 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-42707-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2023] [Accepted: 10/18/2023] [Indexed: 10/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate receptors (IP3Rs) are endoplasmic reticulum Ca2+ channels whose biphasic dependence on cytosolic Ca2+ gives rise to Ca2+ oscillations that regulate fertilization, cell division and cell death. Despite the critical roles of IP3R-mediated Ca2+ responses, the structural underpinnings of the biphasic Ca2+ dependence that underlies Ca2+ oscillations are incompletely understood. Here, we collect cryo-EM images of an IP3R with Ca2+ concentrations spanning five orders of magnitude. Unbiased image analysis reveals that Ca2+ binding does not explicitly induce conformational changes but rather biases a complex conformational landscape consisting of resting, preactivated, activated, and inhibited states. Using particle counts as a proxy for relative conformational free energy, we demonstrate that Ca2+ binding at a high-affinity site allows IP3Rs to activate by escaping a low-energy resting state through an ensemble of preactivated states. At high Ca2+ concentrations, IP3Rs preferentially enter an inhibited state stabilized by a second, low-affinity Ca2+ binding site. Together, these studies provide a mechanistic basis for the biphasic Ca2+-dependence of IP3R channel activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Navid Paknejad
- Structural Biology Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, 10065, USA
- Physiology, Biophysics, and Systems Biology (PBSB) Program, Weill Cornell Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, 1300 York Avenue, New York, NY, 10065, USA
| | - Vinay Sapuru
- Structural Biology Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, 10065, USA
- Physiology, Biophysics, and Systems Biology (PBSB) Program, Weill Cornell Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, 1300 York Avenue, New York, NY, 10065, USA
| | - Richard K Hite
- Structural Biology Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, 10065, USA.
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5
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Friedhoff VN, Lindner B, Falcke M. Modeling IP 3-induced Ca 2+ signaling based on its interspike interval statistics. Biophys J 2023; 122:2818-2831. [PMID: 37312455 PMCID: PMC10398346 DOI: 10.1016/j.bpj.2023.06.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2023] [Revised: 04/24/2023] [Accepted: 06/06/2023] [Indexed: 06/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate (IP3)-induced Ca2+ signaling is a second messenger system used by almost all eukaryotic cells. Recent research demonstrated randomness of Ca2+ signaling on all structural levels. We compile eight general properties of Ca2+ spiking common to all cell types investigated and suggest a theory of Ca2+ spiking starting from the random behavior of IP3 receptor channel clusters mediating the release of Ca2+ from the endoplasmic reticulum capturing all general properties and pathway-specific behavior. Spike generation begins after the absolute refractory period of the previous spike. According to its hierarchical spreading from initiating channel openings to cell level, we describe it as a first passage process from none to all clusters open while the cell recovers from the inhibition which terminated the previous spike. Our theory reproduces the exponential stimulation response relation of the average interspike interval Tav and its robustness properties, random spike timing with a linear moment relation between Tav and the interspike interval SD and its robustness properties, sensitive dependency of Tav on diffusion properties, and nonoscillatory local dynamics. We explain large cell variability of Tav observed in experiments by variability of channel cluster coupling by Ca2+-induced Ca2+ release, the number of clusters, and IP3 pathway component expression levels. We predict the relation between puff probability and agonist concentration and [IP3] and agonist concentration. Differences of spike behavior between cell types and stimulating agonists are explained by the different types of negative feedback terminating spikes. In summary, the hierarchical random character of spike generation explains all of the identified general properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Victor Nicolai Friedhoff
- Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association, Berlin, Germany; Department of Physics, Humboldt University, Berlin, Germany
| | - Benjamin Lindner
- Bernstein Center for Computational Neuroscience Berlin, Berlin, Germany; Department of Physics, Humboldt University, Berlin, Germany
| | - Martin Falcke
- Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association, Berlin, Germany; Department of Physics, Humboldt University, Berlin, Germany.
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6
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Smith HA, Thillaiappan NB, Rossi AM. IP 3 receptors: An "elementary" journey from structure to signals. Cell Calcium 2023; 113:102761. [PMID: 37271052 DOI: 10.1016/j.ceca.2023.102761] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2023] [Revised: 05/15/2023] [Accepted: 05/18/2023] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate receptors (IP3Rs) are large tetrameric channels which sit mostly in the membrane of the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) and mediate Ca2+ release from intracellular stores in response to extracellular stimuli in almost all cells. Dual regulation of IP3Rs by IP3 and Ca2+ itself, upstream "licensing", and the arrangement of IP3Rs into small clusters in the ER membrane, allow IP3Rs to generate spatially and temporally diverse Ca2+ signals. The characteristic biphasic regulation of IP3Rs by cytosolic Ca2+ concentration underpins regenerative Ca2+ signals by Ca2+-induced Ca2+-release, while also preventing uncontrolled explosive Ca2+ release. In this way, cells can harness a simple ion such as Ca2+ as a near-universal intracellular messenger to regulate diverse cellular functions, including those with conflicting outcomes such as cell survival and cell death. High-resolution structures of the IP3R bound to IP3 and Ca2+ in different combinations have together started to unravel the workings of this giant channel. Here we discuss, in the context of recently published structures, how the tight regulation of IP3Rs and their cellular geography lead to generation of "elementary" local Ca2+ signals known as Ca2+ "puffs", which form the fundamental bottleneck through which all IP3-mediated cytosolic Ca2+ signals must first pass.
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Affiliation(s)
- Holly A Smith
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Cambridge, Tennis Court Road, Cambridge CB2 1PD, United Kingdom
| | | | - Ana M Rossi
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Cambridge, Tennis Court Road, Cambridge CB2 1PD, United Kingdom.
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7
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Smith HA, Taylor CW. Dissociation of inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate from IP 3 receptors contributes to termination of Ca 2+ puffs. J Biol Chem 2023; 299:102871. [PMID: 36621623 PMCID: PMC9971896 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbc.2023.102871] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2022] [Revised: 12/23/2022] [Accepted: 12/26/2022] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Ca2+ puffs are brief, localized Ca2+ signals evoked by physiological stimuli that arise from the coordinated opening of a few clustered inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate receptors (IP3Rs). However, the mechanisms that control the amplitude and termination of Ca2+ puffs are unresolved. To address these issues, we expressed SNAP-tagged IP3R3 in HEK cells without endogenous IP3Rs and used total internal reflection fluorescence microscopy to visualize the subcellular distribution of IP3Rs and the Ca2+ puffs that they evoke. We first confirmed that SNAP-IP3R3 were reliably identified and that they evoked normal Ca2+ puffs after photolysis of a caged analog of IP3. We show that increased IP3R expression caused cells to assemble more IP3R clusters, each of which contained more IP3Rs, but the mean amplitude of Ca2+ puffs (indicative of the number of open IP3Rs) was unaltered. We thus suggest that functional interactions between IP3Rs constrain the number of active IP3Rs within a cluster. Furthermore, Ca2+ puffs evoked by IP3R with reduced affinity for IP3 had undiminished amplitude, but the puffs decayed more quickly. The selective effect of reducing IP3 affinity on the decay times of Ca2+ puffs was not mimicked by exposing normal IP3R to a lower concentration of IP3. We conclude that distinct mechanisms constrain recruitment of IP3Rs during the rising phase of a Ca2+ puff and closure of IP3Rs during the falling phase, and that only the latter is affected by the rate of IP3 dissociation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Holly A Smith
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Colin W Taylor
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom.
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8
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Neumann J, Van Nieuwenhove E, Terry LE, Staels F, Knebel TR, Welkenhuyzen K, Ahmadzadeh K, Baker MR, Gerbaux M, Willemsen M, Barber JS, Serysheva II, De Waele L, Vermeulen F, Schlenner S, Meyts I, Yule DI, Bultynck G, Schrijvers R, Humblet-Baron S, Liston A. Disrupted Ca 2+ homeostasis and immunodeficiency in patients with functional IP 3 receptor subtype 3 defects. Cell Mol Immunol 2023; 20:11-25. [PMID: 36302985 PMCID: PMC9794825 DOI: 10.1038/s41423-022-00928-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2022] [Accepted: 09/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Calcium signaling is essential for lymphocyte activation, with genetic disruptions of store-operated calcium (Ca2+) entry resulting in severe immunodeficiency. The inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate receptor (IP3R), a homo- or heterotetramer of the IP3R1-3 isoforms, amplifies lymphocyte signaling by releasing Ca2+ from endoplasmic reticulum stores following antigen stimulation. Although knockout of all IP3R isoforms in mice causes immunodeficiency, the seeming redundancy of the isoforms is thought to explain the absence of variants in human immunodeficiency. In this study, we identified compound heterozygous variants of ITPR3 (a gene encoding IP3R subtype 3) in two unrelated Caucasian patients presenting with immunodeficiency. To determine whether ITPR3 variants act in a nonredundant manner and disrupt human immune responses, we characterized the Ca2+ signaling capacity, the lymphocyte response, and the clinical phenotype of these patients. We observed disrupted Ca2+ signaling in patient-derived fibroblasts and immune cells, with abnormal proliferation and activation responses following T-cell receptor stimulation. Reconstitution of IP3R3 in IP3R knockout cell lines led to the identification of variants as functional hypomorphs that showed reduced ability to discriminate between homeostatic and induced states, validating a genotype-phenotype link. These results demonstrate a functional link between defective endoplasmic reticulum Ca2+ channels and immunodeficiency and identify IP3Rs as diagnostic targets for patients with specific inborn errors of immunity. These results also extend the known cause of Ca2+-associated immunodeficiency from store-operated entry to impaired Ca2+ mobilization from the endoplasmic reticulum, revealing a broad sensitivity of lymphocytes to genetic defects in Ca2+ signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julika Neumann
- VIB Center for Brain and Disease Research, Leuven, Belgium
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Erika Van Nieuwenhove
- VIB Center for Brain and Disease Research, Leuven, Belgium
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
- UZ Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Lara E Terry
- Department of Pharmacology and Physiology, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY, 14526, USA
| | - Frederik Staels
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
- UZ Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Taylor R Knebel
- Department of Pharmacology and Physiology, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY, 14526, USA
| | - Kirsten Welkenhuyzen
- Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Signaling, Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Leuven Kankerinstituut, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Kourosh Ahmadzadeh
- Laboratory of Immunobiology, Department Microbiology and Immunology, Rega Institute, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Mariah R Baker
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Structural Biology Imaging Center, McGovern Medical School at The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Margaux Gerbaux
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
- Pediatric Department, Academic Children Hospital Queen Fabiola, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Mathijs Willemsen
- VIB Center for Brain and Disease Research, Leuven, Belgium
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - John S Barber
- VIB Center for Brain and Disease Research, Leuven, Belgium
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Irina I Serysheva
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Structural Biology Imaging Center, McGovern Medical School at The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Liesbeth De Waele
- Department of Pediatric Neurology, University Hospitals Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | | | - Susan Schlenner
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Isabelle Meyts
- UZ Leuven, Leuven, Belgium.
- Laboratory for Inborn Errors of Immunity, Department of Immunology and Microbiology, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium.
| | - David I Yule
- Department of Pharmacology and Physiology, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY, 14526, USA
| | - Geert Bultynck
- Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Signaling, Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Leuven Kankerinstituut, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Rik Schrijvers
- UZ Leuven, Leuven, Belgium.
- Laboratory for Allergy and Clinical Immunology and Immunogenetics Research Group, Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Transplantation, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium.
| | | | - Adrian Liston
- VIB Center for Brain and Disease Research, Leuven, Belgium.
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium.
- Immunology Programme, The Babraham Institute, Babraham Research Campus, Cambridge, CB22 3AT, UK.
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Fan G, Baker MR, Terry LE, Arige V, Chen M, Seryshev AB, Baker ML, Ludtke SJ, Yule DI, Serysheva II. Conformational motions and ligand-binding underlying gating and regulation in IP 3R channel. Nat Commun 2022; 13:6942. [PMID: 36376291 PMCID: PMC9663519 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-022-34574-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2022] [Accepted: 10/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Inositol-1,4,5-trisphosphate receptors (IP3Rs) are activated by IP3 and Ca2+ and their gating is regulated by various intracellular messengers that finely tune the channel activity. Here, using single particle cryo-EM analysis we determined 3D structures of the nanodisc-reconstituted IP3R1 channel in two ligand-bound states. These structures provide unprecedented details governing binding of IP3, Ca2+ and ATP, revealing conformational changes that couple ligand-binding to channel opening. Using a deep-learning approach and 3D variability analysis we extracted molecular motions of the key protein domains from cryo-EM density data. We find that IP3 binding relies upon intrinsic flexibility of the ARM2 domain in the tetrameric channel. Our results highlight a key role of dynamic side chains in regulating gating behavior of IP3R channels. This work represents a stepping-stone to developing mechanistic understanding of conformational pathways underlying ligand-binding, activation and regulation of the channel.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guizhen Fan
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Structural Biology Imaging Center, McGovern Medical School at The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, 6431, Fannin Street, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Mariah R Baker
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Structural Biology Imaging Center, McGovern Medical School at The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, 6431, Fannin Street, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Lara E Terry
- Department of Pharmacology and Physiology, School of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY, USA
| | - Vikas Arige
- Department of Pharmacology and Physiology, School of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY, USA
| | - Muyuan Chen
- Verna and Marrs McLean Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, One Baylor Plaza, Houston, TX, USA
- SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, CA, USA
| | - Alexander B Seryshev
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Structural Biology Imaging Center, McGovern Medical School at The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, 6431, Fannin Street, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Matthew L Baker
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Structural Biology Imaging Center, McGovern Medical School at The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, 6431, Fannin Street, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Steven J Ludtke
- Verna and Marrs McLean Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, One Baylor Plaza, Houston, TX, USA
| | - David I Yule
- Department of Pharmacology and Physiology, School of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY, USA.
| | - Irina I Serysheva
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Structural Biology Imaging Center, McGovern Medical School at The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, 6431, Fannin Street, Houston, TX, USA.
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10
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Arige V, Terry LE, Wagner LE, Malik S, Baker MR, Fan G, Joseph SK, Serysheva II, Yule DI. Functional determination of calcium-binding sites required for the activation of inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate receptors. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2022; 119:e2209267119. [PMID: 36122240 PMCID: PMC9522344 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2209267119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2022] [Accepted: 08/23/2022] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate receptors (IP3Rs) initiate a diverse array of physiological responses by carefully orchestrating intracellular calcium (Ca2+) signals in response to various external cues. Notably, IP3R channel activity is determined by several obligatory factors, including IP3, Ca2+, and ATP. The critical basic amino acid residues in the N-terminal IP3-binding core (IBC) region that facilitate IP3 binding are well characterized. In contrast, the residues conferring regulation by Ca2+ have yet to be ascertained. Using comparative structural analysis of Ca2+-binding sites identified in two main families of intracellular Ca2+-release channels, ryanodine receptors (RyRs) and IP3Rs, we identified putative acidic residues coordinating Ca2+ in the cytosolic calcium sensor region in IP3Rs. We determined the consequences of substituting putative Ca2+ binding, acidic residues in IP3R family members. We show that the agonist-induced Ca2+ release, single-channel open probability (P0), and Ca2+ sensitivities are markedly altered when the negative charge on the conserved acidic side chain residues is neutralized. Remarkably, neutralizing the negatively charged side chain on two of the residues individually in the putative Ca2+-binding pocket shifted the Ca2+ required to activate IP3R to higher concentrations, indicating that these residues likely are a component of the Ca2+ activation site in IP3R. Taken together, our findings indicate that Ca2+ binding to a well-conserved activation site is a common underlying mechanism resulting in increased channel activity shared by IP3Rs and RyRs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vikas Arige
- Department of Pharmacology and Physiology, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY 14642
| | - Lara E. Terry
- Department of Pharmacology and Physiology, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY 14642
| | - Larry E. Wagner
- Department of Pharmacology and Physiology, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY 14642
| | - Sundeep Malik
- Department of Pharmacology and Physiology, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY 14642
| | - Mariah R. Baker
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Structural Biology Imaging Center, McGovern Medical School, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX 77030
| | - Guizhen Fan
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Structural Biology Imaging Center, McGovern Medical School, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX 77030
| | - Suresh K. Joseph
- Department of Pathology, Anatomy, and Cell Biology, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA 19107
| | - Irina I. Serysheva
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Structural Biology Imaging Center, McGovern Medical School, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX 77030
| | - David I. Yule
- Department of Pharmacology and Physiology, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY 14642
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11
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Quantal Ca 2+ release mediated by very few IP 3 receptors that rapidly inactivate allows graded responses to IP 3. Cell Rep 2021; 37:109932. [PMID: 34731613 PMCID: PMC8578705 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2021.109932] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2021] [Revised: 07/16/2021] [Accepted: 10/12/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate receptors (IP3Rs) are intracellular Ca2+ channels that link extracellular stimuli to Ca2+ signals. Ca2+ release from intracellular stores is "quantal": low IP3 concentrations rapidly release a fraction of the stores. Ca2+ release then slows or terminates without compromising responses to further IP3 additions. The mechanisms are unresolved. Here, we synthesize a high-affinity partial agonist of IP3Rs and use it to demonstrate that quantal responses do not require heterogenous Ca2+ stores. IP3Rs respond incrementally to IP3 and close after the initial response to low IP3 concentrations. Comparing functional responses with IP3 binding shows that only a tiny fraction of a cell's IP3Rs mediate incremental Ca2+ release; inactivation does not therefore affect most IP3Rs. We conclude, and test by simulations, that Ca2+ signals evoked by IP3 pulses arise from rapid activation and then inactivation of very few IP3Rs. This allows IP3Rs to behave as increment detectors mediating graded Ca2+ release.
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12
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Overduin M, Kervin TA. The phosphoinositide code is read by a plethora of protein domains. Expert Rev Proteomics 2021; 18:483-502. [PMID: 34351250 DOI: 10.1080/14789450.2021.1962302] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The proteins that decipher nucleic acid- and protein-based information are well known, however, those that read membrane-encoded information remain understudied. Here we report 70 different human, microbial and viral protein folds that recognize phosphoinositides (PIs), comprising the readers of a vast membrane code. AREAS COVERED Membrane recognition is best understood for FYVE, PH and PX domains, which exemplify hundreds of PI code readers. Comparable lipid interaction mechanisms may be mediated by kinases, adjacent C1 and C2 domains, trafficking arrestin, GAT and VHS modules, membrane-perturbing annexin, BAR, CHMP, ENTH, HEAT, syntaxin and Tubby helical bundles, multipurpose FERM, EH, MATH, PHD, PDZ, PROPPIN, PTB and SH2 domains, as well as systems that regulate receptors, GTPases and actin filaments, transfer lipids and assembled bacterial and viral particles. EXPERT OPINION The elucidation of how membranes are recognized has extended the genetic code to the PI code. Novel discoveries include PIP-stop and MET-stop residues to which phosphates and metabolites are attached to block phosphatidylinositol phosphate (PIP) recognition, memteins as functional membrane protein apparatuses, and lipidons as lipid "codons" recognized by membrane readers. At least 5% of the human proteome senses such membrane signals and allows eukaryotic organelles and pathogens to operate and replicate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael Overduin
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - Troy A Kervin
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
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13
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A Comparative Perspective on Functionally-Related, Intracellular Calcium Channels: The Insect Ryanodine and Inositol 1,4,5-Trisphosphate Receptors. Biomolecules 2021; 11:biom11071031. [PMID: 34356655 PMCID: PMC8301844 DOI: 10.3390/biom11071031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2021] [Revised: 07/08/2021] [Accepted: 07/10/2021] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Calcium (Ca2+) homeostasis is vital for insect development and metabolism, and the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) is a major intracellular reservoir for Ca2+. The inositol 1,4,5- triphosphate receptor (IP3R) and ryanodine receptor (RyR) are large homotetrameric channels associated with the ER and serve as two major actors in ER-derived Ca2+ supply. Most of the knowledge on these receptors derives from mammalian systems that possess three genes for each receptor. These studies have inspired work on synonymous receptors in insects, which encode a single IP3R and RyR. In the current review, we focus on a fundamental, common question: “why do insect cells possess two Ca2+ channel receptors in the ER?”. Through a comparative approach, this review covers the discovery of RyRs and IP3Rs, examines their structures/functions, the pathways that they interact with, and their potential as target sites in pest control. Although insects RyRs and IP3Rs share structural similarities, they are phylogenetically distinct, have their own structural organization, regulatory mechanisms, and expression patterns, which explains their functional distinction. Nevertheless, both have great potential as target sites in pest control, with RyRs currently being targeted by commercial insecticide, the diamides.
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14
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Lemos FO, Bultynck G, Parys JB. A comprehensive overview of the complex world of the endo- and sarcoplasmic reticulum Ca 2+-leak channels. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-MOLECULAR CELL RESEARCH 2021; 1868:119020. [PMID: 33798602 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbamcr.2021.119020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2021] [Revised: 03/09/2021] [Accepted: 03/13/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Inside cells, the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) forms the largest Ca2+ store. Ca2+ is actively pumped by the SERCA pumps in the ER, where intraluminal Ca2+-binding proteins enable the accumulation of large amount of Ca2+. IP3 receptors and the ryanodine receptors mediate the release of Ca2+ in a controlled way, thereby evoking complex spatio-temporal signals in the cell. The steady state Ca2+ concentration in the ER of about 500 μM results from the balance between SERCA-mediated Ca2+ uptake and the passive leakage of Ca2+. The passive Ca2+ leak from the ER is often ignored, but can play an important physiological role, depending on the cellular context. Moreover, excessive Ca2+ leakage significantly lowers the amount of Ca2+ stored in the ER compared to normal conditions, thereby limiting the possibility to evoke Ca2+ signals and/or causing ER stress, leading to pathological consequences. The so-called Ca2+-leak channels responsible for Ca2+ leakage from the ER are however still not well understood, despite over 20 different proteins have been proposed to contribute to it. This review has the aim to critically evaluate the available evidence about the various channels potentially involved and to draw conclusions about their relative importance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fernanda O Lemos
- KU Leuven, Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Signaling, Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine and Leuven Kanker Instituut, Campus Gasthuisberg O/N-1 B-802, Herestraat 49, B-3000 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Geert Bultynck
- KU Leuven, Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Signaling, Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine and Leuven Kanker Instituut, Campus Gasthuisberg O/N-1 B-802, Herestraat 49, B-3000 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Jan B Parys
- KU Leuven, Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Signaling, Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine and Leuven Kanker Instituut, Campus Gasthuisberg O/N-1 B-802, Herestraat 49, B-3000 Leuven, Belgium.
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15
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Stein P, Savy V, Williams AM, Williams CJ. Modulators of calcium signalling at fertilization. Open Biol 2020; 10:200118. [PMID: 32673518 PMCID: PMC7574550 DOI: 10.1098/rsob.200118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2020] [Accepted: 06/18/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Calcium (Ca2+) signals initiate egg activation across the animal kingdom and in at least some plants. These signals are crucial for the success of development and, in the case of mammals, health of the offspring. The mechanisms associated with fertilization that trigger these signals and the molecules that regulate their characteristic patterns vary widely. With few exceptions, a major contributor to fertilization-induced elevation in cytoplasmic Ca2+ is release from endoplasmic reticulum stores through the IP3 receptor. In some cases, Ca2+ influx from the extracellular space and/or release from alternative intracellular stores contribute to the rise in cytoplasmic Ca2+. Following the Ca2+ rise, the reuptake of Ca2+ into intracellular stores or efflux of Ca2+ out of the egg drive the return of cytoplasmic Ca2+ back to baseline levels. The molecular mediators of these Ca2+ fluxes in different organisms include Ca2+ release channels, uptake channels, exchangers and pumps. The functions of these mediators are regulated by their particular activating mechanisms but also by alterations in their expression and spatial organization. We discuss here the molecular basis for modulation of Ca2+ signalling at fertilization, highlighting differences across several animal phyla, and we mention key areas where questions remain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paula Stein
- Reproductive and Developmental Biology Laboratory, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, National Institutes of Health, Research Triangle Park, NC 27709, USA
| | - Virginia Savy
- Reproductive and Developmental Biology Laboratory, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, National Institutes of Health, Research Triangle Park, NC 27709, USA
| | - Audrey M. Williams
- Department of Molecular Genetics and Cell Biology, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
| | - Carmen J. Williams
- Reproductive and Developmental Biology Laboratory, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, National Institutes of Health, Research Triangle Park, NC 27709, USA
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16
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New Insights in the IP 3 Receptor and Its Regulation. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2020; 1131:243-270. [PMID: 31646513 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-030-12457-1_10] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
The inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate (IP3) receptor (IP3R) is a Ca2+-release channel mainly located in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER). Three IP3R isoforms are responsible for the generation of intracellular Ca2+ signals that may spread across the entire cell or occur locally in so-called microdomains. Because of their ubiquitous expression, these channels are involved in the regulation of a plethora of cellular processes, including cell survival and cell death. To exert their proper function a fine regulation of their activity is of paramount importance. In this review, we will highlight the recent advances in the structural analysis of the IP3R and try to link these data with the newest information concerning IP3R activation and regulation. A special focus of this review will be directed towards the regulation of the IP3R by protein-protein interaction. Especially the protein family formed by calmodulin and related Ca2+-binding proteins and the pro- and anti-apoptotic/autophagic Bcl-2-family members will be highlighted. Finally, recently identified and novel IP3R regulatory proteins will be discussed. A number of these interactions are involved in cancer development, illustrating the potential importance of modulating IP3R-mediated Ca2+ signaling in cancer treatment.
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17
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González‐Arzola K, Velázquez‐Cruz A, Guerra‐Castellano A, Casado‐Combreras MÁ, Pérez‐Mejías G, Díaz‐Quintana A, Díaz‐Moreno I, De la Rosa MÁ. New moonlighting functions of mitochondrial cytochromecin the cytoplasm and nucleus. FEBS Lett 2019; 593:3101-3119. [DOI: 10.1002/1873-3468.13655] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2019] [Revised: 10/13/2019] [Accepted: 10/15/2019] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Katiuska González‐Arzola
- Institute for Chemical Research (IIQ) Scientific Research Centre Isla de la Cartuja (cicCartuja) University of Seville‐CSIC Spain
| | - Alejandro Velázquez‐Cruz
- Institute for Chemical Research (IIQ) Scientific Research Centre Isla de la Cartuja (cicCartuja) University of Seville‐CSIC Spain
| | - Alejandra Guerra‐Castellano
- Institute for Chemical Research (IIQ) Scientific Research Centre Isla de la Cartuja (cicCartuja) University of Seville‐CSIC Spain
| | - Miguel Á. Casado‐Combreras
- Institute for Chemical Research (IIQ) Scientific Research Centre Isla de la Cartuja (cicCartuja) University of Seville‐CSIC Spain
| | - Gonzalo Pérez‐Mejías
- Institute for Chemical Research (IIQ) Scientific Research Centre Isla de la Cartuja (cicCartuja) University of Seville‐CSIC Spain
| | - Antonio Díaz‐Quintana
- Institute for Chemical Research (IIQ) Scientific Research Centre Isla de la Cartuja (cicCartuja) University of Seville‐CSIC Spain
| | - Irene Díaz‐Moreno
- Institute for Chemical Research (IIQ) Scientific Research Centre Isla de la Cartuja (cicCartuja) University of Seville‐CSIC Spain
| | - Miguel Á. De la Rosa
- Institute for Chemical Research (IIQ) Scientific Research Centre Isla de la Cartuja (cicCartuja) University of Seville‐CSIC Spain
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18
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Cao X, Chen J, Li D, Xie P, Xu M, Lin W, Li S, Pan G, Tang Y, Xu J, Olkkonen VM, Yan D, Zhong W. ORP4L couples IP 3 to ITPR1 in control of endoplasmic reticulum calcium release. FASEB J 2019; 33:13852-13865. [PMID: 31648575 DOI: 10.1096/fj.201900933rr] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Oxysterol-binding protein-related protein (ORP) 4L acts as a scaffold protein assembling CD3-ε, G-αq/11, and PLC-β3 into a complex at the plasma membrane that mediates inositol (1,4,5)-trisphosphate (IP3)-induced endoplasmic reticulum (ER) Ca2+ release and oxidative phosphorylation in T-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia cells. Here, we offer new evidence that ORP4L interacts with the carboxyl terminus of the IP3 receptor type 1 (ITPR1) in Jurkat T cells. ORP4L enables IP3 binding to ITPR1; a truncated construct that lacks the ITPR1-binding region retains the ability to increase IP3 production but fails to mediate IP3 and ITPR1 binding. In association with this ability of ORP4L, it enhances Ca2+ release from the ER and subsequent cytosolic and mitochondrial parallel Ca2+ spike oscillations that stimulate mitochondrial energetics and thus maintains cell survival. These data support a novel model in which ORP4L is a cofactor of ITPR1, which increases ITPR1 sensitivity to IP3 and enables ER Ca2+ release.-Cao, X., Chen, J., Li, D., Xie, P., Xu, M., Lin, W., Li, S., Pan, G., Tang, Y., Xu, J., Olkkonen, V. M., Yan, D., Zhong, W. ORP4L couples IP3 to ITPR1 in control of endoplasmic reticulum calcium release.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiuye Cao
- Department of Biology, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jianuo Chen
- Department of Biology, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Dan Li
- Department of Biology, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Peipei Xie
- Department of Biology, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Mengyang Xu
- Department of Biology, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Weize Lin
- Department of Biology, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Shiqian Li
- Department of Biology, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Guoping Pan
- Department of Biology, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yong Tang
- Department of Biology, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jun Xu
- Research Center for Drug Discovery, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Vesa M Olkkonen
- Minerva Foundation Institute for Medical Research, Biomedicum Helsinki 2U, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Daoguang Yan
- Department of Biology, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Wenbin Zhong
- Department of Biology, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
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19
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Mapping Odor to Action: (Dopaminergic) Timing Is Everything. Cell 2019; 178:5-7. [PMID: 31251917 DOI: 10.1016/j.cell.2019.06.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Animal brains use the relative timing between sensory cues and behaviorally salient events to form predictive associations about their environment. Handler and colleagues provide new mechanistic insights into how differential signaling downstream of dopamine receptors couples this timing to the dynamic reweighting of synapses that link sensation to action.
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20
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Prole DL, Taylor CW. Structure and Function of IP 3 Receptors. Cold Spring Harb Perspect Biol 2019; 11:cshperspect.a035063. [PMID: 30745293 DOI: 10.1101/cshperspect.a035063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 100] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate receptors (IP3Rs), by releasing Ca2+ from the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) of animal cells, allow Ca2+ to be redistributed from the ER to the cytosol or other organelles, and they initiate store-operated Ca2+ entry (SOCE). For all three IP3R subtypes, binding of IP3 primes them to bind Ca2+, which then triggers channel opening. We are now close to understanding the structural basis of IP3R activation. Ca2+-induced Ca2+ release regulated by IP3 allows IP3Rs to regeneratively propagate Ca2+ signals. The smallest of these regenerative events is a Ca2+ puff, which arises from the nearly simultaneous opening of a small cluster of IP3Rs. Ca2+ puffs are the basic building blocks for all IP3-evoked Ca2+ signals, but only some IP3 clusters, namely those parked alongside the ER-plasma membrane junctions where SOCE occurs, are licensed to respond. The location of these licensed IP3Rs may allow them to selectively regulate SOCE.
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Affiliation(s)
- David L Prole
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 1PD, United Kingdom
| | - Colin W Taylor
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 1PD, United Kingdom
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21
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Rossi AM, Taylor CW. IP3 receptors – lessons from analyses ex cellula. J Cell Sci 2018; 132:132/4/jcs222463. [DOI: 10.1242/jcs.222463] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
ABSTRACT
Inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate receptors (IP3Rs) are widely expressed intracellular channels that release Ca2+ from the endoplasmic reticulum (ER). We review how studies of IP3Rs removed from their intracellular environment (‘ex cellula’), alongside similar analyses of ryanodine receptors, have contributed to understanding IP3R behaviour. Analyses of permeabilized cells have demonstrated that the ER is the major intracellular Ca2+ store, and that IP3 stimulates Ca2+ release from this store. Radioligand binding confirmed that the 4,5-phosphates of IP3 are essential for activating IP3Rs, and facilitated IP3R purification and cloning, which paved the way for structural analyses. Reconstitution of IP3Rs into lipid bilayers and patch-clamp recording from the nuclear envelope have established that IP3Rs have a large conductance and select weakly between Ca2+ and other cations. Structural analyses are now revealing how IP3 binding to the N-terminus of the tetrameric IP3R opens the pore ∼7 nm away from the IP3-binding core (IBC). Communication between the IBC and pore passes through a nexus of interleaved domains contributed by structures associated with the pore and cytosolic domains, which together contribute to a Ca2+-binding site. These structural analyses provide evidence to support the suggestion that IP3 gates IP3Rs by first stimulating Ca2+ binding, which leads to pore opening and Ca2+ release.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana M. Rossi
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Cambridge, Tennis Court Road, Cambridge CB2 1PD, UK
| | - Colin W. Taylor
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Cambridge, Tennis Court Road, Cambridge CB2 1PD, UK
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22
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Thillaiappan NB, Chakraborty P, Hasan G, Taylor CW. IP 3 receptors and Ca 2+ entry. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-MOLECULAR CELL RESEARCH 2018; 1866:1092-1100. [PMID: 30448464 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbamcr.2018.11.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2018] [Revised: 11/07/2018] [Accepted: 11/08/2018] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate receptors (IP3R) are the most widely expressed intracellular Ca2+ release channels. Their activation by IP3 and Ca2+ allows Ca2+ to pass rapidly from the ER lumen to the cytosol. The resulting increase in cytosolic [Ca2+] may directly regulate cytosolic effectors or fuel Ca2+ uptake by other organelles, while the decrease in ER luminal [Ca2+] stimulates store-operated Ca2+ entry (SOCE). We are close to understanding the structural basis of both IP3R activation, and the interactions between the ER Ca2+-sensor, STIM, and the plasma membrane Ca2+ channel, Orai, that lead to SOCE. IP3Rs are the usual means through which extracellular stimuli, through ER Ca2+ release, stimulate SOCE. Here, we review evidence that the IP3Rs most likely to respond to IP3 are optimally placed to allow regulation of SOCE. We also consider evidence that IP3Rs may regulate SOCE downstream of their ability to deplete ER Ca2+ stores. Finally, we review evidence that IP3Rs in the plasma membrane can also directly mediate Ca2+ entry in some cells.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Pragnya Chakraborty
- Department of Pharmacology, Tennis Court Road, Cambridge CB2 1PD, United Kingdom; National Centre for Biological Sciences, Tata Institute of Fundamental Research, Bellary Road, Bangalore 560065, India
| | - Gaiti Hasan
- National Centre for Biological Sciences, Tata Institute of Fundamental Research, Bellary Road, Bangalore 560065, India
| | - Colin W Taylor
- Department of Pharmacology, Tennis Court Road, Cambridge CB2 1PD, United Kingdom.
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23
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Yadav VR, Song T, Mei L, Joseph L, Zheng YM, Wang YX. PLCγ1-PKCε-IP 3R1 signaling plays an important role in hypoxia-induced calcium response in pulmonary artery smooth muscle cells. Am J Physiol Lung Cell Mol Physiol 2018; 314:L724-L735. [PMID: 29388468 DOI: 10.1152/ajplung.00243.2017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Hypoxia-induced pulmonary vasoconstriction (HPV) is attributed to an increase in intracellular Ca2+ concentration ([Ca2+]i) in pulmonary artery smooth muscle cells (PASMCs). We have reported that phospholipase C-γ1 (PLCγ1) plays a significant role in the hypoxia-induced increase in [Ca2+]i in PASMCs and attendant HPV. In this study, we intended to determine molecular mechanisms for hypoxic Ca2+ and contractile responses in PASMCs. Our data reveal that hypoxic vasoconstriction occurs in pulmonary arteries, but not in mesenteric arteries. Hypoxia caused a large increase in [Ca2+]i in PASMCs, which is diminished by the PLC inhibitor U73122 and not by its inactive analog U73433 . Hypoxia augments PLCγ1-dependent inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate (IP3) generation. Exogenous ROS, hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), increases PLCγ1 phosphorylation at tyrosine-783 and IP3 production. IP3 receptor-1 (IP3R1) knock-down remarkably diminishes hypoxia- or H2O2-induced increase in [Ca2+]i. Hypoxia or H2O2 increases the activity of IP3Rs, which is significantly reduced in protein kinase C-ε (PKCε) knockout PASMCs. A higher PLCγ1 expression, activity, and basal [Ca2+]i are found in PASMCs, but not in mesenteric artery smooth muscle cells from mice exposed to chronic hypoxia (CH) for 21 days. CH enhances H2O2- and ATP-induced increase in [Ca2+]i in PASMCs and PLC-dependent, norepinephrine-evoked pulmonary vasoconstriction. In conclusion, acute hypoxia uniquely causes ROS-dependent PLCγ1 activation, IP3 production, PKCε activation, IP3R1 opening, Ca2+ release, and contraction in mouse PASMCs; CH enhances PASM PLCγ1 expression, activity, and function, playing an essential role in pulmonary hypertension in mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vishal R Yadav
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Physiology, Albany Medical College , Albany, New York
| | - Tengyao Song
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Physiology, Albany Medical College , Albany, New York
| | - Lin Mei
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Physiology, Albany Medical College , Albany, New York
| | - Leroy Joseph
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Physiology, Albany Medical College , Albany, New York
| | - Yun-Min Zheng
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Physiology, Albany Medical College , Albany, New York
| | - Yong-Xiao Wang
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Physiology, Albany Medical College , Albany, New York
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24
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Law BYK, Mok SWF, Chen J, Michelangeli F, Jiang ZH, Han Y, Qu YQ, Qiu ACL, Xu SW, Xue WW, Yao XJ, Gao JY, Javed MUH, Coghi P, Liu L, Wong VKW. N-Desmethyldauricine Induces Autophagic Cell Death in Apoptosis-Defective Cells via Ca 2+ Mobilization. Front Pharmacol 2017; 8:388. [PMID: 28670281 PMCID: PMC5472688 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2017.00388] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2017] [Accepted: 06/02/2017] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Resistance of cancer cells to chemotherapy remains a significant problem in oncology. Mechanisms regulating programmed cell death, including apoptosis, autophagy or necrosis, in the treatment of cancers have been extensively investigated over the last few decades. Autophagy is now emerging as an important pathway in regulating cell death or survival in cancer therapy. Recent studies demonstrated variety of natural small-molecules could induce autophagic cell death in apoptosis-resistant cancer cells, therefore, discovery of novel autophagic enhancers from natural products could be a promising strategy for treatment of chemotherapy-resistant cancer. By computational virtual docking analysis, biochemical assays, and advanced live-cell imaging techniques, we have identified N-desmethyldauricine (LP-4), isolated from rhizoma of Menispermum dauricum DC as a novel inducer of autophagy. LP-4 was shown to induce autophagy via the Ulk-1-PERK and Ca2+/Calmodulin-dependent protein kinase kinase β (CaMKKβ)-AMPK-mTOR signaling cascades, via mobilizing calcium release through inhibition of SERCA, and importantly, lead to autophagic cell death in a panel of cancer cells, apoptosis-defective and apoptosis-resistant cells. Taken together, this study provides detailed insights into the cytotoxic mechanism of a novel autophagic compound that targeting the apoptosis resistant cancer cells, and new implication on drug discovery from natural products for drug resistant cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Betty Y K Law
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Macau University of Science and TechnologyMacau, China
| | - Simon W F Mok
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Macau University of Science and TechnologyMacau, China
| | - Juan Chen
- The Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology on Infectious Diseases, Ministry of Education, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing Medical UniversityChongqing, China
| | | | - Zhi-Hong Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Macau University of Science and TechnologyMacau, China
| | - Yu Han
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Macau University of Science and TechnologyMacau, China
| | - Yuan Q Qu
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Macau University of Science and TechnologyMacau, China
| | - Alena C L Qiu
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Macau University of Science and TechnologyMacau, China
| | - Su-Wei Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Macau University of Science and TechnologyMacau, China
| | - Wei-Wei Xue
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Lanzhou UniversityLanzhou, China
| | - Xiao-Jun Yao
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Macau University of Science and TechnologyMacau, China.,College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Lanzhou UniversityLanzhou, China
| | - Jia Y Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Macau University of Science and TechnologyMacau, China
| | - Masood-Ul-Hassan Javed
- College of Medicine, King Saud Bin Abdulaziz University for Health SciencesJeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Paolo Coghi
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Macau University of Science and TechnologyMacau, China
| | - Liang Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Macau University of Science and TechnologyMacau, China
| | - Vincent K W Wong
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Macau University of Science and TechnologyMacau, China
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Bubulis A, Garalienė V, Jurėnas V, Navickas J, Giedraitis S. Effect of Low-Intensity Cavitation on the Isolated Human Thoracic Artery In Vitro. ULTRASOUND IN MEDICINE & BIOLOGY 2017; 43:1040-1047. [PMID: 28196770 DOI: 10.1016/j.ultrasmedbio.2016.12.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2016] [Revised: 12/03/2016] [Accepted: 12/14/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Reported here are the results of an experimental study on the response to low-intensity cavitation induced by low-frequency (4-6 W/cm2, 20 kHz and 32.6 kHz) ultrasound of isolated human arterial samples taken during conventional myocardial revascularization operations. Studies have found that low-frequency ultrasound results in a significant (48%-54%) increase in isometric contraction force and does not depend on the number of exposures (10 or 20) or the time passed since the start of ultrasound (0, 10 and 20 min), but does depend on the frequency and location (internal or external) of the blood vessels for the application of ultrasound. Diltiazem (an inhibitor of slow calcium channels) and carbachol (an agonist of muscarinic receptors) used in a concentration-dependent manner did not modify the relaxation dynamics of smooth muscle affected by ultrasound. Thus, ultrasound conditioned to the augmentation of the isometric contraction force the smooth muscle of blood vessels and did not improve endothelial- and calcium channel blocker-dependent relaxation.
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26
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Alzayady KJ, Wang L, Chandrasekhar R, Wagner LE, Van Petegem F, Yule DI. Defining the stoichiometry of inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate binding required to initiate Ca2+ release. Sci Signal 2016; 9:ra35. [PMID: 27048566 DOI: 10.1126/scisignal.aad6281] [Citation(s) in RCA: 130] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate (IP3) receptors (IP3Rs) are tetrameric intracellular Ca(2+)-release channels with each subunit containing a binding site for IP3in the amino terminus. We provide evidence that four IP3molecules are required to activate the channel under diverse conditions. Comparing the concentration-response relationship for binding and Ca(2+)release suggested that IP3Rs are maximally occupied by IP3before substantial Ca(2+)release occurs. We showed that ligand binding-deficient subunits acted in a dominant-negative manner when coexpressed with wild-type monomers in the chicken immune cell line DT40-3KO, which lacks all three genes encoding IP3R subunits, and confirmed the same effect in an IP3R-null human cell line (HEK-3KO) generated by CRISPR/Cas9 technology. Using dimeric and tetrameric concatenated IP3Rs with increasing numbers of binding-deficient subunits, we addressed the obligate ligand stoichiometry. The concatenated IP3Rs with four ligand-binding sites exhibited Ca(2+)release and electrophysiological properties of native IP3Rs. However, IP3failed to activate IP3Rs assembled from concatenated dimers consisting of one binding-competent and one binding-deficient mutant subunit. Similarly, IP3Rs containing two monomers of IP3R2short, an IP3binding-deficient splice variant, were nonfunctional. Concatenated tetramers containing only three binding-competent ligand-binding sites were nonfunctional under a wide range of activating conditions. These data provide definitive evidence that IP3-induced Ca(2+)release only occurs when each IP3R monomer within the tetramer is occupied by IP3, thereby ensuring fidelity of Ca(2+)release.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kamil J Alzayady
- Department of Pharmacology and Physiology, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY 14642, USA
| | - Liwei Wang
- Department of Pharmacology and Physiology, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY 14642, USA
| | - Rahul Chandrasekhar
- Department of Pharmacology and Physiology, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY 14642, USA
| | - Larry E Wagner
- Department of Pharmacology and Physiology, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY 14642, USA
| | - Filip Van Petegem
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia V6T 1Z3, Canada
| | - David I Yule
- Department of Pharmacology and Physiology, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY 14642, USA.
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27
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Prole DL, Taylor CW. Inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate receptors and their protein partners as signalling hubs. J Physiol 2016; 594:2849-66. [PMID: 26830355 PMCID: PMC4887697 DOI: 10.1113/jp271139] [Citation(s) in RCA: 107] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2015] [Accepted: 11/06/2015] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Inositol 1,4,5‐trisphosphate receptors (IP3Rs) are expressed in nearly all animal cells, where they mediate the release of Ca2+ from intracellular stores. The complex spatial and temporal organization of the ensuing intracellular Ca2+ signals allows selective regulation of diverse physiological responses. Interactions of IP3Rs with other proteins contribute to the specificity and speed of Ca2+ signalling pathways, and to their capacity to integrate information from other signalling pathways. In this review, we provide a comprehensive survey of the proteins proposed to interact with IP3Rs and the functional effects that these interactions produce. Interacting proteins can determine the activity of IP3Rs, facilitate their regulation by multiple signalling pathways and direct the Ca2+ that they release to specific targets. We suggest that IP3Rs function as signalling hubs through which diverse inputs are processed and then emerge as cytosolic Ca2+ signals.
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Affiliation(s)
- David L Prole
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB2 1PD, UK
| | - Colin W Taylor
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB2 1PD, UK
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28
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Chandrasekhar R, Alzayady KJ, Wagner LE, Yule DI. Unique Regulatory Properties of Heterotetrameric Inositol 1,4,5-Trisphosphate Receptors Revealed by Studying Concatenated Receptor Constructs. J Biol Chem 2016; 291:4846-60. [PMID: 26755721 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m115.705301] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2015] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open
Abstract
The ability of inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate receptors (IP3R) to precisely initiate and generate a diverse variety of intracellular Ca(2+) signals is in part mediated by the differential regulation of the three subtypes (R1, R2, and R3) by key functional modulators (IP3, Ca(2+), and ATP). However, the contribution of IP3R heterotetramerization to Ca(2+) signal diversity has largely been unexplored. In this report, we provide the first definitive biochemical evidence of endogenous heterotetramer formation. Additionally, we examine the contribution of individual subtypes within defined concatenated heterotetramers to the shaping of Ca(2+) signals. Under conditions where key regulators of IP3R function are optimal for Ca(2+) release, we demonstrate that individual monomers within heteromeric IP3Rs contributed equally toward generating a distinct 'blended' sensitivity to IP3 that is likely dictated by the unique IP3 binding affinity of the heteromers. However, under suboptimal conditions where [ATP] were varied, we found that one subtype dictated the ATP regulatory properties of heteromers. We show that R2 monomers within a heterotetramer were both necessary and sufficient to dictate the ATP regulatory properties. Finally, the ATP-binding site B in R2 critical for ATP regulation was mutated and rendered non-functional to address questions relating to the stoichiometry of IP3R regulation. Two intact R2 monomers were sufficient to maintain ATP regulation in R2 homotetramers. In summary, we demonstrate that heterotetrameric IP3R do not necessarily behave as the sum of the constituent subunits, and these properties likely extend the versatility of IP3-induced Ca(2+) signaling in cells expressing multiple IP3R isoforms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rahul Chandrasekhar
- From the Department of Pharmacology and Physiology, University of Rochester, Rochester, New York 14642
| | - Kamil J Alzayady
- From the Department of Pharmacology and Physiology, University of Rochester, Rochester, New York 14642
| | - Larry E Wagner
- From the Department of Pharmacology and Physiology, University of Rochester, Rochester, New York 14642
| | - David I Yule
- From the Department of Pharmacology and Physiology, University of Rochester, Rochester, New York 14642
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29
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Shah SZA, Zhao D, Khan SH, Yang L. Regulatory Mechanisms of Endoplasmic Reticulum Resident IP3 Receptors. J Mol Neurosci 2015; 56:938-948. [PMID: 25859934 DOI: 10.1007/s12031-015-0551-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2015] [Accepted: 03/23/2015] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Dysregulated calcium signaling and accumulation of aberrant proteins causing endoplasmic reticulum stress are the early sign of intra-axonal pathological events in many neurodegenerative diseases, and apoptotic signaling is initiated when the stress goes beyond the maximum threshold level of endoplasmic reticulum. The fate of the cell to undergo apoptosis is controlled by Ca2(+) signaling and dynamics at the level of the endoplasmic reticulum. Endoplasmic reticulum resident inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate receptors (IP3R) play a pivotal role in cell death signaling by mediating Ca2(+) flux from the endoplasmic reticulum into the cytosol and mitochondria. Hence, many prosurvival and prodeath signaling pathways and proteins affect Ca2(+) signaling by directly targeting IP3R channels, which can happen in an IP3R-isoform-dependent manner. Here, in this review, we summarize the regulatory mechanisms of inositol triphosphate receptors in calcium regulation and initiation of apoptosis during unfolded protein response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Syed Zahid Ali Shah
- State Key Laboratories for Agrobiotechnology, Key Lab of Animal Epidemiology and Zoonosis, Ministry of Agriculture, National Animal Transmissible Spongiform Encephalopathy Laboratory, College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Deming Zhao
- State Key Laboratories for Agrobiotechnology, Key Lab of Animal Epidemiology and Zoonosis, Ministry of Agriculture, National Animal Transmissible Spongiform Encephalopathy Laboratory, College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Sher Hayat Khan
- State Key Laboratories for Agrobiotechnology, Key Lab of Animal Epidemiology and Zoonosis, Ministry of Agriculture, National Animal Transmissible Spongiform Encephalopathy Laboratory, College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Lifeng Yang
- State Key Laboratories for Agrobiotechnology, Key Lab of Animal Epidemiology and Zoonosis, Ministry of Agriculture, National Animal Transmissible Spongiform Encephalopathy Laboratory, College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China.
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30
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Guisoni N, Ferrero P, Layana C, Diambra L. Abortive and propagating intracellular calcium waves: analysis from a hybrid model. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0115187. [PMID: 25602295 PMCID: PMC4300085 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0115187] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2014] [Accepted: 11/10/2014] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The functional properties of inositol(1,4,5)-triphosphate (IP3) receptors allow a variety of intracellular Ca(2+) phenomena. In this way, global phenomena, such as propagating and abortive Ca(2+) waves, as well as local events such as puffs, have been observed. Several experimental studies suggest that many features of global phenomena (e.g., frequency, amplitude, speed wave) depend on the interplay of biophysical processes such as diffusion, buffering, efflux and influx rates, which in turn depend on parameters such as buffer concentration, Ca(2+) pump density, cytosolic IP3 level, and intercluster distance. Besides, it is known that cells are able to modify some of these parameters in order to regulate the Ca(2+) signaling. By using a hybrid model, we analyzed different features of the hierarchy of calcium events as a function of two relevant parameters for the calcium signaling, the intercluster distance and the pump strength or intensity. In the space spanned by these two parameters, we found two modes of calcium dynamics, one dominated by abortive calcium waves and the other by propagating waves. Smaller distances between the release sites promote propagating calcium waves, while the increase of the efflux rate makes the transition from propagating to abortive waves occur at lower values of intercluster distance. We determined the frontier between these two modes, in the parameter space defined by the intercluster distance and the pump strength. Furthermore, we found that the velocity of simulated calcium waves accomplishes Luther's law, and that an effective rate constant for autocatalytic calcium production decays linearly with both the intercluster distance and the pump strength.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nara Guisoni
- Instituto de Física de Líquidos y Sistemas Biológicos (IFLYSIB), Universidad Nacional de La Plata, CONICET CCT-La Plata; Calle 59–789 (1900) La Plata, Argentina
- * E-mail: (NG); (LD)
| | - Paola Ferrero
- Centro de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares, Facultad de Ciencias Médicas; 60 y 120 (1900) La Plata, Argentina
| | - Carla Layana
- Centro Regional de Estudios Genómicos (CREG), Universidad Nacional de La Plata; Blvd 120 N 1461 (1900) La Plata, Argentina
| | - Luis Diambra
- Centro Regional de Estudios Genómicos (CREG), Universidad Nacional de La Plata; Blvd 120 N 1461 (1900) La Plata, Argentina
- * E-mail: (NG); (LD)
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31
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Galione A. A primer of NAADP-mediated Ca(2+) signalling: From sea urchin eggs to mammalian cells. Cell Calcium 2014; 58:27-47. [PMID: 25449298 DOI: 10.1016/j.ceca.2014.09.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 98] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2014] [Revised: 09/28/2014] [Accepted: 09/29/2014] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Since the discovery of the Ca(2+) mobilizing effects of the pyridine nucleotide metabolite, nicotinic acid adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NAADP), this molecule has been demonstrated to function as a Ca(2+) mobilizing intracellular messenger in a wide range of cell types. In this review, I will briefly summarize the distinct principles behind NAADP-mediated Ca(2+) signalling before going on to outline the role of this messenger in the physiology of specific cell types. Central to the discussion here is the finding that NAADP principally mobilizes Ca(2+) from acidic organelles such as lysosomes and it is this property that allows NAADP to play a unique role in intracellular Ca(2+) signalling. Lysosomes and related organelles are small Ca(2+) stores but importantly may also initiate a two-way dialogue with other Ca(2+) storage organelles to amplify Ca(2+) release, and may be strategically localized to influence localized Ca(2+) signalling microdomains. The study of NAADP signalling has created a new and fruitful focus on the lysosome and endolysosomal system as major players in calcium signalling and pathophysiology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antony Galione
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Oxford, Mansfield Road, Oxford OX1 3QT, UK.
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32
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Jia C, Jiang D, Qian M. An allosteric model of the inositol trisphosphate receptor with nonequilibrium binding. Phys Biol 2014; 11:056001. [PMID: 25118617 DOI: 10.1088/1478-3975/11/5/056001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
The inositol trisphosphate receptor (IPR) is a crucial ion channel that regulates the Ca(2+) influx from the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) to the cytoplasm. A thorough study of the IPR channel contributes to a better understanding of calcium oscillations and waves. It has long been observed that the IPR channel is a typical biological system which performs adaptation. However, recent advances on the physical essence of adaptation show that adaptation systems with a negative feedback mechanism, such as the IPR channel, must break detailed balance and always operate out of equilibrium with energy dissipation. Almost all previous IPR models are equilibrium models assuming detailed balance and thus violate the dissipative nature of adaptation. In this article, we constructed a nonequilibrium allosteric model of single IPR channels based on the patch-clamp experimental data obtained from the IPR in the outer membranes of isolated nuclei of the Xenopus oocyte. It turns out that our model reproduces the patch-clamp experimental data reasonably well and produces both the correct steady-state and dynamic properties of the channel. Particularly, our model successfully describes the complicated bimodal [Ca(2+)] dependence of the mean open duration at high [IP3], a steady-state behavior which fails to be correctly described in previous IPR models. Finally, we used the patch-clamp experimental data to validate that the IPR channel indeed breaks detailed balance and thus is a nonequilibrium system which consumes energy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chen Jia
- LMAM, School of Mathematical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100871, People's Republic of China. Beijing International Center for Mathematical Research, Beijing 100871, People's Republic of China
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33
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Ivanova H, Vervliet T, Missiaen L, Parys JB, De Smedt H, Bultynck G. Inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate receptor-isoform diversity in cell death and survival. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-MOLECULAR CELL RESEARCH 2014; 1843:2164-83. [PMID: 24642269 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbamcr.2014.03.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 142] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2013] [Revised: 03/06/2014] [Accepted: 03/09/2014] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
Cell-death and -survival decisions are critically controlled by intracellular Ca(2+) homeostasis and dynamics at the level of the endoplasmic reticulum (ER). Inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate (IP3) receptors (IP3Rs) play a pivotal role in these processes by mediating Ca(2+) flux from the ER into the cytosol and mitochondria. Hence, it is clear that many pro-survival and pro-death signaling pathways and proteins affect Ca(2+) signaling by directly targeting IP3R channels, which can happen in an IP3R-isoform-dependent manner. In this review, we will focus on how the different IP3R isoforms (IP3R1, IP3R2 and IP3R3) control cell death and survival. First, we will present an overview of the isoform-specific regulation of IP3Rs by cellular factors like IP3, Ca(2+), Ca(2+)-binding proteins, adenosine triphosphate (ATP), thiol modification, phosphorylation and interacting proteins, and of IP3R-isoform specific expression patterns. Second, we will discuss the role of the ER as a Ca(2+) store in cell death and survival and how IP3Rs and pro-survival/pro-death proteins can modulate the basal ER Ca(2+) leak. Third, we will review the regulation of the Ca(2+)-flux properties of the IP3R isoforms by the ER-resident and by the cytoplasmic proteins involved in cell death and survival as well as by redox regulation. Hence, we aim to highlight the specific roles of the various IP3R isoforms in cell-death and -survival signaling. This article is part of a Special Issue entitled: Calcium signaling in health and disease. Guest Editors: Geert Bultynck, Jacques Haiech, Claus W. Heizmann, Joachim Krebs, and Marc Moreau.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hristina Ivanova
- KU Leuven Lab. of Molecular and Cellular Signaling, Dept. of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Campus Gasthuisberg O&N I Box 802, Herestraat 49, BE-3000 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Tim Vervliet
- KU Leuven Lab. of Molecular and Cellular Signaling, Dept. of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Campus Gasthuisberg O&N I Box 802, Herestraat 49, BE-3000 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Ludwig Missiaen
- KU Leuven Lab. of Molecular and Cellular Signaling, Dept. of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Campus Gasthuisberg O&N I Box 802, Herestraat 49, BE-3000 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Jan B Parys
- KU Leuven Lab. of Molecular and Cellular Signaling, Dept. of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Campus Gasthuisberg O&N I Box 802, Herestraat 49, BE-3000 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Humbert De Smedt
- KU Leuven Lab. of Molecular and Cellular Signaling, Dept. of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Campus Gasthuisberg O&N I Box 802, Herestraat 49, BE-3000 Leuven, Belgium.
| | - Geert Bultynck
- KU Leuven Lab. of Molecular and Cellular Signaling, Dept. of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Campus Gasthuisberg O&N I Box 802, Herestraat 49, BE-3000 Leuven, Belgium.
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34
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Gonzales AL, Earley S. Regulation of cerebral artery smooth muscle membrane potential by Ca²⁺-activated cation channels. Microcirculation 2013; 20:337-47. [PMID: 23116477 DOI: 10.1111/micc.12023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2012] [Accepted: 10/26/2012] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Arterial tone is dependent on the depolarizing and hyperpolarizing currents regulating membrane potential and governing the influx of Ca²⁺ needed for smooth muscle contraction. Several ion channels have been proposed to contribute to membrane depolarization, but the underlying molecular mechanisms are not fully understood. In this review, we will discuss the historical and physiological significance of the Ca²⁺-activated cation channel, TRPM4, in regulating membrane potential of cerebral artery smooth muscle cells. As a member of the recently described transient receptor potential super family of ion channels, TRPM4 possesses the biophysical properties and upstream cellular signaling and regulatory pathways that establish it as a major physiological player in smooth muscle membrane depolarization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Albert L Gonzales
- Vascular Physiology Research Group, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado, USA
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35
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Millard C, Watson P, Celardo I, Gordiyenko Y, Cowley S, Robinson C, Fairall L, Schwabe J. Class I HDACs share a common mechanism of regulation by inositol phosphates. Mol Cell 2013; 51:57-67. [PMID: 23791785 PMCID: PMC3710971 DOI: 10.1016/j.molcel.2013.05.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 268] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2013] [Revised: 04/23/2013] [Accepted: 05/16/2013] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Class I histone deacetylases (HDAC1, HDAC2, and HDAC3) are recruited by cognate corepressor proteins into specific transcriptional repression complexes that target HDAC activity to chromatin resulting in chromatin condensation and transcriptional silencing. We previously reported the structure of HDAC3 in complex with the SMRT corepressor. This structure revealed the presence of inositol-tetraphosphate [Ins(1,4,5,6)P4] at the interface of the two proteins. It was previously unclear whether the role of Ins(1,4,5,6)P4 is to act as a structural cofactor or a regulator of HDAC3 activity. Here we report the structure of HDAC1 in complex with MTA1 from the NuRD complex. The ELM2-SANT domains from MTA1 wrap completely around HDAC1 occupying both sides of the active site such that the adjacent BAH domain is ideally positioned to recruit nucleosomes to the active site of the enzyme. Functional assays of both the HDAC1 and HDAC3 complexes reveal that Ins(1,4,5,6)P4 is a bona fide conserved regulator of class I HDAC complexes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christopher J. Millard
- Henry Wellcome Laboratories of Structural Biology, Department of Biochemistry, University of Leicester, Leicester, LE1 9HN, UK
| | - Peter J. Watson
- Henry Wellcome Laboratories of Structural Biology, Department of Biochemistry, University of Leicester, Leicester, LE1 9HN, UK
| | - Ivana Celardo
- Henry Wellcome Laboratories of Structural Biology, Department of Biochemistry, University of Leicester, Leicester, LE1 9HN, UK
| | - Yuliya Gordiyenko
- Chemistry Research Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX1 3TA, UK
| | - Shaun M. Cowley
- Henry Wellcome Laboratories of Structural Biology, Department of Biochemistry, University of Leicester, Leicester, LE1 9HN, UK
| | - Carol V. Robinson
- Chemistry Research Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX1 3TA, UK
| | - Louise Fairall
- Henry Wellcome Laboratories of Structural Biology, Department of Biochemistry, University of Leicester, Leicester, LE1 9HN, UK
| | - John W.R. Schwabe
- Henry Wellcome Laboratories of Structural Biology, Department of Biochemistry, University of Leicester, Leicester, LE1 9HN, UK
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36
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Lock JT, Sinkins WG, Schilling WP. Protein S-glutathionylation enhances Ca2+-induced Ca2+ release via the IP3 receptor in cultured aortic endothelial cells. J Physiol 2013. [PMID: 22855054 DOI: 10.1113/jphysiol.2012.230656] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
In non-excitable cells, thiol-oxidizing agents have been shown to evoke oscillations in cytosolic free Ca(2+) concentration ([Ca(2+)](i)) by increasing the sensitivity of the inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate (IP(3)) receptor (IP(3)R) to IP(3). Although thiol modification of the IP(3)R is implicated in this response, the molecular nature of the modification(s) responsible for changes in channel activity is still not well understood. Diamide is a chemical oxidant that selectively converts reduced glutathione (GSH) to its disulfide (GSSG) and promotes the formation of protein–glutathione (P-SSG) mixed disulfide, i.e. glutathionylation. In the present study, we examined the effect of diamide, and the model oxidant hydrogen peroxide (H(2)O(2)), on oscillations in [Ca(2+)](i) in fura-2-loaded bovine (BAECs) and human (HAECs) aortic endo-thelial cells using time-lapse fluorescence video microscopy. In the absence of extracellular Ca(2+), acute treatment with either diamide or H(2)O(2) increased the number of BAECs exhibiting asynchronous Ca(2+) oscillations, whereas HAECs were unexpectedly resistant. Diamide pretreatment increased the sensitivity of HAECs to histamine-stimulated Ca(2+) oscillations and BAECs to bradykinin-stimulated Ca(2+) oscillations. Moreover, in both HAECs and BAECs, diamide dramatically increased both the rate and magnitude of the thapsigargin-induced Ca(2+) transient suggesting that Ca(2+)-induced Ca(2+) release (CICR) via the IP(3)R is enhanced by glutathionylation. Similar to diamide, H(2)O(2) increased the sensitivity of HAECs to both histamine and thapsigargin. Lastly, biochemical studies showed that glutathionylation of native IP(3)R(1) is increased in cells challenged with H(2)O(2). Collectively our results reveal that thiol-oxidizing agents primarily increase the sensitivity of the IP(3)R to Ca(2+), i.e. enhanced CICR, and suggest that glutathionylation may represent a fundamental mechanism for regulating IP(3)R activity during physiological redox signalling and during pathologicalical oxidative stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeffrey T Lock
- W. P. Schilling: Rammelkamp Center, Rm R-322, MetroHealth Medical Center, 2500 MetroHealth Drive, Cleveland, OH 44109, USA
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37
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Lock JT, Sinkins WG, Schilling WP. Protein S-glutathionylation enhances Ca2+-induced Ca2+ release via the IP3 receptor in cultured aortic endothelial cells. J Physiol 2013; 590:3631-2. [PMID: 22855054 DOI: 10.1113/jphysiol.2012.232645] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
In non-excitable cells, thiol-oxidizing agents have been shown to evoke oscillations in cytosolic free Ca(2+) concentration ([Ca(2+)](i)) by increasing the sensitivity of the inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate (IP(3)) receptor (IP(3)R) to IP(3). Although thiol modification of the IP(3)R is implicated in this response, the molecular nature of the modification(s) responsible for changes in channel activity is still not well understood. Diamide is a chemical oxidant that selectively converts reduced glutathione (GSH) to its disulfide (GSSG) and promotes the formation of protein–glutathione (P-SSG) mixed disulfide, i.e. glutathionylation. In the present study, we examined the effect of diamide, and the model oxidant hydrogen peroxide (H(2)O(2)), on oscillations in [Ca(2+)](i) in fura-2-loaded bovine (BAECs) and human (HAECs) aortic endo-thelial cells using time-lapse fluorescence video microscopy. In the absence of extracellular Ca(2+), acute treatment with either diamide or H(2)O(2) increased the number of BAECs exhibiting asynchronous Ca(2+) oscillations, whereas HAECs were unexpectedly resistant. Diamide pretreatment increased the sensitivity of HAECs to histamine-stimulated Ca(2+) oscillations and BAECs to bradykinin-stimulated Ca(2+) oscillations. Moreover, in both HAECs and BAECs, diamide dramatically increased both the rate and magnitude of the thapsigargin-induced Ca(2+) transient suggesting that Ca(2+)-induced Ca(2+) release (CICR) via the IP(3)R is enhanced by glutathionylation. Similar to diamide, H(2)O(2) increased the sensitivity of HAECs to both histamine and thapsigargin. Lastly, biochemical studies showed that glutathionylation of native IP(3)R(1) is increased in cells challenged with H(2)O(2). Collectively our results reveal that thiol-oxidizing agents primarily increase the sensitivity of the IP(3)R to Ca(2+), i.e. enhanced CICR, and suggest that glutathionylation may represent a fundamental mechanism for regulating IP(3)R activity during physiological redox signalling and during pathologicalical oxidative stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeffrey T Lock
- W. P. Schilling: Rammelkamp Center, Rm R-322, MetroHealth Medical Center, 2500 MetroHealth Drive, Cleveland, OH 44109, USA
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Baker KD, Edwards TM, Rickard NS. The role of intracellular calcium stores in synaptic plasticity and memory consolidation. Neurosci Biobehav Rev 2013; 37:1211-39. [PMID: 23639769 DOI: 10.1016/j.neubiorev.2013.04.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 74] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2013] [Revised: 04/18/2013] [Accepted: 04/22/2013] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Memory processing requires tightly controlled signalling cascades, many of which are dependent upon intracellular calcium (Ca(2+)). Despite this, most work investigating calcium signalling in memory formation has focused on plasma membrane channels and extracellular sources of Ca(2+). The intracellular Ca(2+) release channels, ryanodine receptors (RyRs) and inositol (1,4,5)-trisphosphate receptors (IP3Rs) have a significant capacity to regulate intracellular Ca(2+) signalling. Evidence at both cellular and behavioural levels implicates both RyRs and IP3Rs in synaptic plasticity and memory formation. Pharmacobehavioural experiments using young chicks trained on a single-trial discrimination avoidance task have been particularly useful by demonstrating that RyRs and IP3Rs have distinct roles in memory formation. RyR-dependent Ca(2+) release appears to aid the consolidation of labile memory into a persistent long-term memory trace. In contrast, IP3Rs are required during long-term memory. This review discusses various functions for RyRs and IP3Rs in memory processing, including neuro- and glio-transmitter release, dendritic spine remodelling, facilitating vasodilation, and the regulation of gene transcription and dendritic excitability. Altered Ca(2+) release from intracellular stores also has significant implications for neurodegenerative conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kathryn D Baker
- School of Psychology and Psychiatry, Monash University, Clayton 3800, Victoria, Australia.
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Comparison of models for IP3 receptor kinetics using stochastic simulations. PLoS One 2013; 8:e59618. [PMID: 23630568 PMCID: PMC3629942 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0059618] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2012] [Accepted: 02/15/2013] [Indexed: 12/07/2022] Open
Abstract
Inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate receptor (IP3R) is a ubiquitous intracellular calcium (Ca2+) channel which has a major role in controlling Ca2+ levels in neurons. A variety of computational models have been developed to describe the kinetic function of IP3R under different conditions. In the field of computational neuroscience, it is of great interest to apply the existing models of IP3R when modeling local Ca2+ transients in dendrites or overall Ca2+ dynamics in large neuronal models. The goal of this study was to evaluate existing IP3R models, based on electrophysiological data. This was done in order to be able to suggest suitable models for neuronal modeling. Altogether four models (Othmer and Tang, 1993; Dawson etal., 2003; Fraiman and Dawson, 2004; Doi etal., 2005) were selected for a more detailed comparison. The selection was based on the computational efficiency of the models and the type of experimental data that was used in developing the model. The kinetics of all four models were simulated by stochastic means, using the simulation software STEPS, which implements the Gillespie stochastic simulation algorithm. The results show major differences in the statistical properties of model functionality. Of the four compared models, the one by Fraiman and Dawson (2004) proved most satisfactory in producing the specific features of experimental findings reported in literature. To our knowledge, the present study is the first detailed evaluation of IP3R models using stochastic simulation methods, thus providing an important setting for constructing a new, realistic model of IP3R channel kinetics for compartmental modeling of neuronal functions. We conclude that the kinetics of IP3R with different concentrations of Ca2+ and IP3 should be more carefully addressed when new models for IP3R are developed.
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Abstract
Binding of IP3 (inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate) to the IP3-binding core (residues 224–604) of IP3Rs (IP3 receptors) initiates opening of these ubiquitous intracellular Ca2+ channels. The mechanisms are unresolved, but require conformational changes to pass through the suppressor domain (residues 1–223). A calmodulin-binding peptide derived from myosin light chain kinase uncouples these events. We identified a similar conserved 1-8-14 calmodulin-binding motif within the suppressor domain of IP3R1 and, using peptides and mutagenesis, we demonstrate that it is essential for IP3R activation, whether assessed by IP3-evoked Ca2+ release or patch-clamp recoding of nuclear IP3R. Mimetic peptides specifically inhibit activation of IP3R by uncoupling the IP3-binding core from the suppressor domain. Mutations of key hydrophobic residues within the endogenous 1-8-14 motif mimic the peptides. Our results show that an endogenous 1-8-14 motif mediates conformational changes that are essential for IP3R activation. The inhibitory effects of calmodulin and related proteins may result from disruption of this essential interaction.
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Abstract
InsP3-mediated puffs are fundamental building blocks of cellular Ca2+ signalling, and arise through the concerted opening of clustered InsP3Rs (InsP3 receptors) co-ordinated via Ca2+-induced Ca2+ release. Although the Ca2+ dependency of InsP3Rs has been extensively studied at the single channel level, little is known as to how changes in basal cytosolic [Ca2+] would alter the dynamics of InsP3-evoked Ca2+ signals in intact cells. To explore this question, we expressed Ca2+-permeable channels (nicotinic acetylcholine receptors) in the plasma membrane of voltage-clamped Xenopus oocytes to regulate cytosolic [Ca2+] by changing the electrochemical gradient for extracellular Ca2+ entry, and imaged Ca2+ liberation evoked by photolysis of caged InsP3. Elevation of basal cytosolic [Ca2+] strongly increased the amplitude and shortened the latency of global Ca2+ waves. In oocytes loaded with EGTA to localize Ca2+ signals, the number of sites at which puffs were observed and the frequency and latency of puffs were strongly dependent on cytosolic [Ca2+], whereas puff amplitudes were only weakly affected. The results of the present study indicate that basal cytosolic [Ca2+] strongly affects the triggering of puffs, but has less of an effect on puffs once they have been initiated.
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Saleem H, Tovey SC, Rahman T, Riley AM, Potter BVL, Taylor CW. Stimulation of inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate (IP3) receptor subtypes by analogues of IP3. PLoS One 2013; 8:e54877. [PMID: 23372785 PMCID: PMC3556037 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0054877] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2012] [Accepted: 12/17/2012] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Most animal cells express mixtures of the three subtypes of inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate receptor (IP(3)R) encoded by vertebrate genomes. Activation of each subtype by different agonists has not hitherto been examined in cells expressing defined homogenous populations of IP(3)R. Here we measure Ca(2+) release evoked by synthetic analogues of IP(3) using a Ca(2+) indicator within the lumen of the endoplasmic reticulum of permeabilized DT40 cells stably expressing single subtypes of mammalian IP(3)R. Phosphorylation of (1,4,5)IP(3) to (1,3,4,5)IP(4) reduced potency by ~100-fold. Relative to (1,4,5)IP(3), the potencies of IP(3) analogues modified at the 1-position (malachite green (1,4,5)IP(3)), 2-position (2-deoxy(1,4,5)IP(3)) or 3-position (3-deoxy(1,4,5)IP(3), (1,3,4,5)IP(4)) were similar for each IP(3)R subtype. The potency of an analogue, (1,4,6)IP(3), in which the orientations of the 2- and 3-hydroxyl groups were inverted, was also reduced similarly for all three IP(3)R subtypes. Most analogues of IP(3) interact similarly with the three IP(3)R subtypes, but the decrease in potency accompanying removal of the 1-phosphate from (1,4,5)IP(3) was least for IP(3)R3. Addition of a large chromophore (malachite green) to the 1-phosphate of (1,4,5)IP(3) only modestly reduced potency suggesting that similar analogues could be used to measure (1,4,5)IP(3) binding optically. These data provide the first structure-activity analyses of key IP(3) analogues using homogenous populations of each mammalian IP(3)R subtype. They demonstrate broadly similar structure-activity relationships for all mammalian IP(3)R subtypes and establish the potential utility of (1,4,5)IP(3) analogues with chromophores attached to the 1-position.
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MESH Headings
- Amino Acid Sequence
- Animals
- Calcium/metabolism
- Cell Line
- Gene Expression
- Inositol 1,4,5-Trisphosphate/chemistry
- Inositol 1,4,5-Trisphosphate/metabolism
- Inositol 1,4,5-Trisphosphate Receptors/chemistry
- Inositol 1,4,5-Trisphosphate Receptors/genetics
- Inositol 1,4,5-Trisphosphate Receptors/metabolism
- Kinetics
- Ligands
- Mice
- Models, Molecular
- Molecular Docking Simulation
- Molecular Sequence Data
- Molecular Structure
- Protein Binding
- Rats
- Recombinant Proteins/chemistry
- Recombinant Proteins/genetics
- Recombinant Proteins/metabolism
- Structure-Activity Relationship
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Affiliation(s)
- Huma Saleem
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Stephen C. Tovey
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Taufiq Rahman
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Andrew M. Riley
- Wolfson Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry, Department of Pharmacy and Pharmacology, University of Bath, Bath, United Kingdom
| | - Barry V. L. Potter
- Wolfson Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry, Department of Pharmacy and Pharmacology, University of Bath, Bath, United Kingdom
| | - Colin W. Taylor
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
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Ullah G, Mak DOD, Pearson JE. A data-driven model of a modal gated ion channel: the inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate receptor in insect Sf9 cells. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2012; 140:159-73. [PMID: 22851676 PMCID: PMC3409100 DOI: 10.1085/jgp.201110753] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
The inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate (IP(3)) receptor (IP(3)R) channel is crucial for the generation and modulation of intracellular Ca(2+) signals in animal cells. To gain insight into the complicated ligand regulation of this ubiquitous channel, we constructed a simple quantitative continuous-time Markov-chain model from the data. Our model accounts for most experimentally observed gating behaviors of single native IP(3)R channels from insect Sf9 cells. Ligand (Ca(2+) and IP(3)) dependencies of channel activity established six main ligand-bound channel complexes, where a complex consists of one or more states with the same ligand stoichiometry and open or closed conformation. Channel gating in three distinct modes added one complex and indicated that three complexes gate in multiple modes. This also restricted the connectivity between channel complexes. Finally, latencies of channel responses to abrupt ligand concentration changes defined a model with specific network topology between 9 closed and 3 open states. The model with 28 parameters can closely reproduce the equilibrium gating statistics for all three gating modes over a broad range of ligand concentrations. It also captures the major features of channel response latency distributions. The model can generate falsifiable predictions of IP(3)R channel gating behaviors and provide insights to both guide future experiment development and improve IP(3)R channel gating analysis. Maximum likelihood estimates of the model parameters and of the parameters in the De Young-Keizer model yield strong statistical evidence in favor of our model. Our method is simple and easily applicable to the dynamics of other ion channels and molecules.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ghanim Ullah
- Theoretical Biology and Biophysics, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87544, USA
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Narayanan D, Adebiyi A, Jaggar JH. Inositol trisphosphate receptors in smooth muscle cells. Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol 2012; 302:H2190-210. [PMID: 22447942 DOI: 10.1152/ajpheart.01146.2011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate receptors (IP(3)Rs) are a family of tetrameric intracellular calcium (Ca(2+)) release channels that are located on the sarcoplasmic reticulum (SR) membrane of virtually all mammalian cell types, including smooth muscle cells (SMC). Here, we have reviewed literature investigating IP(3)R expression, cellular localization, tissue distribution, activity regulation, communication with ion channels and organelles, generation of Ca(2+) signals, modulation of physiological functions, and alterations in pathologies in SMCs. Three IP(3)R isoforms have been identified, with relative expression and cellular localization of each contributing to signaling differences in diverse SMC types. Several endogenous ligands, kinases, proteins, and other modulators control SMC IP(3)R channel activity. SMC IP(3)Rs communicate with nearby ryanodine-sensitive Ca(2+) channels and mitochondria to influence SR Ca(2+) release and reactive oxygen species generation. IP(3)R-mediated Ca(2+) release can stimulate plasma membrane-localized channels, including transient receptor potential (TRP) channels and store-operated Ca(2+) channels. SMC IP(3)Rs also signal to other proteins via SR Ca(2+) release-independent mechanisms through physical coupling to TRP channels and local communication with large-conductance Ca(2+)-activated potassium channels. IP(3)R-mediated Ca(2+) release generates a wide variety of intracellular Ca(2+) signals, which vary with respect to frequency, amplitude, spatial, and temporal properties. IP(3)R signaling controls multiple SMC functions, including contraction, gene expression, migration, and proliferation. IP(3)R expression and cellular signaling are altered in several SMC diseases, notably asthma, atherosclerosis, diabetes, and hypertension. In summary, IP(3)R-mediated pathways control diverse SMC physiological functions, with pathological alterations in IP(3)R signaling contributing to disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Damodaran Narayanan
- Department of Physiology, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, 38163, USA
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Abstract
The Ca(2) (+) signals evoked by inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate (IP(3)) are built from elementary Ca(2) (+) release events involving progressive recruitment of IP(3) receptors (IP(3)R), intracellular Ca(2) (+) channels that are expressed in almost all animal cells. The smallest events ('blips') result from opening of single IP(3)R. Larger events ('puffs') reflect the near-synchronous opening of a small cluster of IP(3)R. These puffs become more frequent as the stimulus intensity increases and they eventually trigger regenerative Ca(2) (+) waves that propagate across the cell. This hierarchical recruitment of IP(3)R is important in allowing Ca(2) (+) signals to be delivered locally to specific target proteins or more globally to the entire cell. Co-regulation of IP(3)R by Ca(2) (+) and IP(3), the ability of a single IP(3)R rapidly to mediate a large efflux of Ca(2) (+) from the endoplasmic reticulum, and the assembly of IP(3)R into clusters are key features that allow IP(3)R to propagate Ca(2) (+) signals regeneratively. We review these properties of IP(3)R and the structural basis of IP(3)R behavior.
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Affiliation(s)
- Colin W Taylor
- Department of Pharmacology, Tennis Court Road, CB2 1PD, Cambridge, UK,
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Rossi AM, Tovey SC, Rahman T, Prole DL, Taylor CW. Analysis of IP3 receptors in and out of cells. Biochim Biophys Acta Gen Subj 2011; 1820:1214-27. [PMID: 22033379 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbagen.2011.10.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2011] [Revised: 10/07/2011] [Accepted: 10/08/2011] [Indexed: 10/16/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate receptors (IP3R) are expressed in almost all animal cells. Three mammalian genes encode closely related IP3R subunits, which assemble into homo- or hetero-tetramers to form intracellular Ca2+ channels. SCOPE OF THE REVIEW In this brief review, we first consider a variety of complementary methods that allow the links between IP3 binding and channel gating to be defined. How does IP3 binding to the IP3-binding core in each IP3R subunit cause opening of a cation-selective pore formed by residues towards the C-terminal? We then describe methods that allow IP3, Ca2+ signals and IP3R mobility to be examined in intact cells. A final section briefly considers genetic analyses of IP3R signalling. MAJOR CONCLUSIONS All IP3R are regulated by both IP3 and Ca2+. This allows them to initiate and regeneratively propagate intracellular Ca2+ signals. The elementary Ca2+ release events evoked by IP3 in intact cells are mediated by very small numbers of active IP3R and the Ca2+-mediated interactions between them. The spatial organization of these Ca2+ signals and their stochastic dependence on so few IP3Rs highlight the need for methods that allow the spatial organization of IP3R signalling to be addressed with single-molecule resolution. GENERAL SIGNIFICANCE A variety of complementary methods provide insight into the structural basis of IP3R activation and the contributions of IP3-evoked Ca2+ signals to cellular physiology. This article is part of a Special Issue entitled Biochemical, biophysical and genetic approaches to intracellular calcium signaling.
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Mechanistic basis of bell-shaped dependence of inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate receptor gating on cytosolic calcium. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2011; 108:15486-91. [PMID: 21876165 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1101677108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
The inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate (IP(3)) receptor (IP(3)R) is an intracellular Ca(2+) release channel, and its opening is controlled by IP(3) and Ca(2+). A single IP(3) binding site and multiple Ca(2+) binding sites exist on single subunits, but the precise nature of the interplay between these two ligands in regulating biphasic dependence of channel activity on cytosolic Ca(2+) is unknown. In this study, we visualized conformational changes in IP(3)R evoked by various concentrations of ligands by using the FRET between two fluorescent proteins fused to the N terminus of individual subunits. IP(3) and Ca(2+) have opposite effects on the FRET signal change, but the combined effect of these ligands is not a simple summative response. The bell-shaped Ca(2+) dependence of FRET efficiency was observed after the subtraction of the component corresponding to the FRET change evoked by Ca(2+) alone from the FRET changes evoked by both ligands together. A mutant IP(3)R containing a single amino acid substitution at K508, which is critical for IP(3) binding, did not exhibit this bell-shaped Ca(2+) dependence of the subtracted FRET efficiency. Mutation at E2100, which is known as a Ca(2+) sensor, resulted in ∼10-fold reduction in the Ca(2+) dependence of the subtracted signal. These results suggest that the subtracted FRET signal reflects IP(3)R activity. We propose a five-state model, which implements a dual-ligand competition response without complex allosteric regulation of Ca(2+) binding affinity, as the mechanism underlying the IP(3)-dependent regulation of the bell-shaped relationship between the IP(3)R activity and cytosolic Ca(2+).
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Pantazaka E, Taylor CW. Differential distribution, clustering, and lateral diffusion of subtypes of the inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate receptor. J Biol Chem 2011; 286:23378-87. [PMID: 21550988 PMCID: PMC3123102 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m111.236372] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2011] [Revised: 04/27/2011] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Regulation of inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate (IP(3)) receptors (IP(3)R) by IP(3) and Ca(2+) allows them to initiate and regeneratively propagate intracellular Ca(2+) signals. The distribution and mobility of IP(3)R determines the spatial organization of these Ca(2+) signals. Until now, there has been no systematic comparison of the distribution and mobility of the three mammalian IP(3)R subtypes in a uniform background. We used confocal microscopy and fluorescence recovery after photobleaching to define these properties for each IP(3)R subtype expressed heterologously in COS-7 cells. IP(3)R1 and IP(3)R3 were uniformly distributed within the membranes of the endoplasmic reticulum (ER), but the distribution of IP(3)R2 was punctate. The mobile fractions (M(f) = 84 ± 2 and 80 ± 2%) and diffusion coefficients (D = 0.018 ± 0.001 and 0.016 ± 0.002 μm(2)/s) of IP(3)R1 and IP(3)R3 were similar. Other ER membrane proteins (ryanodine receptor type 1 and sarco/endoplasmic reticulum Ca(2+)-ATPase type 1) and a luminal protein (enhanced GFP with a KDEL retrieval sequence) had similar mobile fractions, suggesting that IP(3)R1 and IP(3)R3 move freely within an ER that is largely, although not entirely, continuous. IP(3)R2 was less mobile, but IP(3)R2 mobility differed between perinuclear (M(f) = 47 ± 4% and D = 0.004 ± 0.001 μm(2)/s) and near-plasma membrane (M(f) = 64 ± 6% and D = 0.013 ± 0.004 μm(2)/s) regions, whereas IP(3)R3 behaved similarly in both regions. We conclude that IP(3)R1 and IP(3)R3 diffuse freely within a largely continuous ER, but IP(3)R2 is more heterogeneously distributed and less mobile, and its mobility differs between regions of the cell.
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Affiliation(s)
- Evangelia Pantazaka
- From the Department of Pharmacology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 1PD, United Kingdom
| | - Colin W. Taylor
- From the Department of Pharmacology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 1PD, United Kingdom
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Goto JI, Mikoshiba K. Inositol 1,4,5-Trisphosphate Receptor-Mediated Calcium Release in Purkinje Cells: From Molecular Mechanism to Behavior. THE CEREBELLUM 2011; 10:820-33. [DOI: 10.1007/s12311-011-0270-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
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Enhanced ER Ca2+ store filling by overexpression of SERCA2b promotes IP3-evoked puffs. Cell Calcium 2011; 50:36-41. [PMID: 21616533 DOI: 10.1016/j.ceca.2011.04.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2011] [Revised: 04/22/2011] [Accepted: 04/30/2011] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Liberation of Ca(2+) from the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) through inositol trisphosphate receptors (IP(3)R) is modulated by the ER Ca(2+) content, and overexpression of SERCA2b to accelerate Ca(2+) sequestration into the ER has been shown to potentiate the frequency and amplitude of IP(3)-evoked Ca(2+) waves in Xenopus oocytes. Here, we examined the effects of SERCA overexpression on the elementary IP(3)-evoked puffs to elucidate whether ER [Ca(2+)] may modulate IP(3)R function via luminal regulatory sites in addition to simply determining the size of the available store and electrochemical driving force for Ca(2+) release. SERCA2b and Ca(2+) permeable nicotinic plasmalemmal channels were expressed in oocytes, and hyperpolarizing pulses were delivered to induce Ca(2+) influx and thereby load ER stores. Puffs evoked by photoreleased IP(3) were significantly potentiated in terms of numbers of responding sites, frequency and amplitude following transient Ca(2+) influx in SERCA-overexpressing cells, whereas little change was evident with SERCA overexpression alone or following Ca(2+) influx in control cells not overexpressing SERCA. Intriguingly, we observed the appearance of a new population of puffs that arose after long latencies and had prolonged durations supporting the notion of luminal regulation of IP(3)R gating kinetics.
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