1
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Pereira R, Silva AMS, Ribeiro D, Silva VLM, Fernandes E. Bis-chalcones: A review of synthetic methodologies and anti-inflammatory effects. Eur J Med Chem 2023; 252:115280. [PMID: 36966653 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2023.115280] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2023] [Revised: 03/03/2023] [Accepted: 03/10/2023] [Indexed: 03/17/2023]
Abstract
Chalcones are bioactive molecules of natural and synthetic sources, whose physicochemical properties, reactivity, and biological activities are well-known among the scientific community. However, there are many molecules strictly related to chalcones with significantly less recognition like bis-chalcones. Several studies indicated that bis-chalcones have advantages over chalcones in specific bioactivities like anti-inflammatory activity. This review article describes the chemical structure and chemical properties of bis-chalcones, as well as the methods reported in the literature for the synthesis of these compounds highlighting the most recent developments. Finally, the anti-inflammatory activity of bis-chalcones is described, emphasizing the active structures found in literature and their mechanisms of action.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rui Pereira
- LAQV-REQUIMTE, Laboratory of Applied Chemistry, Department of Chemical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Porto, 4050-313, Porto, Portugal
| | - Artur M S Silva
- LAQV-REQUIMTE and Department of Chemistry, University of Aveiro, 3810-193, Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Daniela Ribeiro
- LAQV-REQUIMTE, Laboratory of Applied Chemistry, Department of Chemical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Porto, 4050-313, Porto, Portugal; Faculty of Agrarian Sciences and Environment, University of the Azores, 9700-042, Angra Do Heroísmo, Açores, Portugal
| | - Vera L M Silva
- LAQV-REQUIMTE and Department of Chemistry, University of Aveiro, 3810-193, Aveiro, Portugal.
| | - Eduarda Fernandes
- LAQV-REQUIMTE, Laboratory of Applied Chemistry, Department of Chemical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Porto, 4050-313, Porto, Portugal.
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2
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Mechanistic inhibition of non-enzymatic glycation and aldose reductase activity by naringenin: Binding, enzyme kinetics and molecular docking analysis. Int J Biol Macromol 2020; 159:87-97. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2020.04.226] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2020] [Revised: 03/29/2020] [Accepted: 04/25/2020] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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3
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Analgesic activity of flavonoids isolated from Persicaria glabra (wild). ADVANCES IN TRADITIONAL MEDICINE 2020. [DOI: 10.1007/s13596-019-00404-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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4
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Reddy MR, Aidhen IS, Reddy UA, Reddy GB, Ingle K, Mukhopadhyay S. Synthesis of 4-C
-β-D-Glucosylated Isoliquiritigenin and Analogues for Aldose Reductase Inhibition Studies. European J Org Chem 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.201900413] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Indrapal Singh Aidhen
- Department of Chemistry; Indian Institute of Technology Madras; Chennai 600036 1 India1
| | - Utkarsh A. Reddy
- Biochemistry Division; National Institute of Nutrition; 500007 Hyderabad India
| | | | - Kundane Ingle
- NovaLead Pharma Pvt. Ltd.; 411045, Maharashtra India
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5
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Seliger JM, Misuri L, Maser E, Hintzpeter J. The hop-derived compounds xanthohumol, isoxanthohumol and 8-prenylnaringenin are tight-binding inhibitors of human aldo-keto reductases 1B1 and 1B10. J Enzyme Inhib Med Chem 2018; 33:607-614. [PMID: 29532688 PMCID: PMC6010053 DOI: 10.1080/14756366.2018.1437728] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2017] [Revised: 01/25/2018] [Accepted: 02/04/2018] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Xanthohumol (XN), a prenylated chalcone unique to hops (Humulus lupulus) and two derived prenylflavanones, isoxanthohumol (IX) and 8-prenylnaringenin (8-PN) gained increasing attention as potential anti-diabetic and cancer preventive compounds. Two enzymes of the aldo-keto reductase (AKR) superfamily are notable pharmacological targets in cancer therapy (AKR1B10) and in the treatment of diabetic complications (AKR1B1). Our results show that XN, IX and 8-PN are potent uncompetitive, tight-binding inhibitors of human aldose reductase AKR1B1 (Ki = 15.08 μM, 0.34 μM, 0.71 μM) and of human AKR1B10 (Ki = 20.11 μM, 2.25 μM, 1.95 μM). The activity of the related enzyme AKR1A1 was left unaffected by all three compounds. This is the first time these three substances have been tested on AKRs. The results of this study may provide a basis for further quantitative structure?activity relationship models and promising scaffolds for future anti-diabetic or carcinopreventive drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jan Moritz Seliger
- Institute of Toxicology and Pharmacology for Natural Scientists, University Medical School Schleswig-Holstein, Kiel, Germany
| | - Livia Misuri
- Department of Biology, Tuscany Region PhD School in Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - Edmund Maser
- Institute of Toxicology and Pharmacology for Natural Scientists, University Medical School Schleswig-Holstein, Kiel, Germany
| | - Jan Hintzpeter
- Institute of Toxicology and Pharmacology for Natural Scientists, University Medical School Schleswig-Holstein, Kiel, Germany
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Hsieh CT, Chang FR, Tsai YH, Wu YC, Hsieh TJ. 2-Bromo-4'-methoxychalcone and 2-Iodo-4'-methoxychalcone Prevent Progression of Hyperglycemia and Obesity via 5'-Adenosine-Monophosphate-Activated Protein Kinase in Diet-Induced Obese Mice. Int J Mol Sci 2018; 19:ijms19092763. [PMID: 30223438 PMCID: PMC6163633 DOI: 10.3390/ijms19092763] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2018] [Revised: 09/12/2018] [Accepted: 09/13/2018] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Obesity and diabetes are global health-threatening issues. Interestingly, the mechanism of these pathologies is quite different among individuals. The discovery and development of new categories of medicines from diverse sources are urgently needed for preventing and treating diabetes and other metabolic disorders. Previously, we reported that chalcones are important for preventing biological disorders, such as diabetes. In this study, we demonstrate that the synthetic halogen-containing chalcone derivatives 2-bromo-4′-methoxychalcone (compound 5) and 2-iodo-4′-methoxychalcone (compound 6) can promote glucose consumption and inhibit cellular lipid accumulation via 5′-adenosine-monophosphate-activated protein kinase (AMPK) activation and acetyl-CoA carboxylase 1 (ACC) phosphorylation in 3T3-L1 adipocytes and C2C12 skeletal myotubes. In addition, the two compounds significantly prevented body weight gain and impaired glucose tolerance, hyperinsulinemia, and insulin resistance, which collectively help to delay the progression of hyperglycemia in high-fat-diet-induced obese C57BL/6 mice. These findings indicate that 2-bromo-4′-methoxychalcone and 2-iodo-4′-methoxychalcone could act as AMPK activators, and may serve as lead compounds for a new class of medicines that target obesity and diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chi-Ting Hsieh
- Graduate Institute of Natural Products, College of Pharmacy, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan.
| | - Fang-Rong Chang
- Graduate Institute of Natural Products, College of Pharmacy, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan.
- Department of Marine Biotechnology and Resources, College of Marine Sciences, National Sun Yat-sen University, Kaohsiung 804, Taiwan.
| | - Yi-Hong Tsai
- Graduate Institute of Natural Products, College of Pharmacy, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan.
| | - Yang-Chang Wu
- Graduate Institute of Natural Products, College of Pharmacy, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan.
| | - Tusty-Jiuan Hsieh
- Department of Marine Biotechnology and Resources, College of Marine Sciences, National Sun Yat-sen University, Kaohsiung 804, Taiwan.
- Graduate Institute of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan.
- Research Center for Environmental Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan.
- Lipid Science and Aging Research Center, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan.
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7
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Chalcones and their pyrazine analogs: synthesis, inhibition of aldose reductase, antioxidant activity, and molecular docking study. MONATSHEFTE FUR CHEMIE 2018. [DOI: 10.1007/s00706-018-2146-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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8
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Rapid Identification and Isolation of Inhibitors of Rat Lens Aldose Reductase and Antioxidant in Maackia amurensis. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2017; 2017:4941825. [PMID: 28484711 PMCID: PMC5397615 DOI: 10.1155/2017/4941825] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2017] [Accepted: 03/02/2017] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Oxidative stress and aldose reductase activity have been implicated in the development of diabetic complications. In this study, the antioxidant and aldose reductase (AR) inhibitory effects of Maackia amurensis (MA) were investigated. The ethyl acetate fraction of the MA extract showed the highest inhibitory activity in antioxidant and rat lens AR (RLAR). To identify and isolate the active components in the ethyl acetate fraction of the MA extract, high-speed countercurrent chromatography and Sephadex LH-20 column chromatography were performed and guided by an offline HPLC-ABTS assay and HPLC microfractionation AR assay. Four antioxidants, namely, piceatannol (IC50 = 6.73 μM), resveratrol (IC50 = 11.05 μM), trans-ferulic acid (IC50 = 13.51 μM), and chlorogenic acid (IC50 = 27.23 μM), and six AR inhibitors, namely, chlorogenic acid (IC50 = 4.2 μM), tectoridin (IC50 = 50.4 μM), genistein (IC50 = 57.1 μM), formononetin (IC50 = 69.2 μM), resveratrol (IC50 = 117.6 μM), and daidzein (IC50 = 151.9 μM), were isolated and identified. The screening results of the offline HPLC-ABTS assay and HPLC microfractionation AR assay matched the activity of isolated compounds. Thus, MA is potentially valuable for antioxidant and AR inhibitor discovery and efficient drug design for the prevention and treatment of diabetic complications.
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9
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Antidiabetic and allied biochemical roles of new chromeno-pyrano pyrimidine compounds: synthesis, in vitro and in silico analysis. Med Chem Res 2017. [DOI: 10.1007/s00044-017-1794-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
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10
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Nguyen GTT, Erlenkamp G, Jäck O, Küberl A, Bott M, Fiorani F, Gohlke H, Groth G. Chalcone-based Selective Inhibitors of a C4 Plant Key Enzyme as Novel Potential Herbicides. Sci Rep 2016; 6:27333. [PMID: 27263468 PMCID: PMC4893628 DOI: 10.1038/srep27333] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2016] [Accepted: 05/18/2016] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
Weeds are a challenge for global food production due to their rapidly evolving resistance against herbicides. We have identified chalcones as selective inhibitors of phosphoenolpyruvate carboxylase (PEPC), a key enzyme for carbon fixation and biomass increase in the C4 photosynthetic pathway of many of the world's most damaging weeds. In contrast, many of the most important crop plants use C3 photosynthesis. Here, we show that 2',3',4',3,4-Pentahydroxychalcone (IC50 = 600 nM) and 2',3',4'-Trihydroxychalcone (IC50 = 4.2 μM) are potent inhibitors of C4 PEPC but do not affect C3 PEPC at a same concentration range (selectivity factor: 15-45). Binding and modeling studies indicate that the active compounds bind at the same site as malate/aspartate, the natural feedback inhibitors of the C4 pathway. At the whole plant level, both substances showed pronounced growth-inhibitory effects on the C4 weed Amaranthus retroflexus, while there were no measurable effects on oilseed rape, a C3 plant. Growth of selected soil bacteria was not affected by these substances. Our chalcone compounds are the most potent and selective C4 PEPC inhibitors known to date. They offer a novel approach to combat C4 weeds based on a hitherto unexplored mode of allosteric inhibition of a C4 plant key enzyme.
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Affiliation(s)
- G. T. T. Nguyen
- Biochemical Plant Physiology, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf and Bioeconomy Science Center (BioSC), Universitätsstr.1, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - G. Erlenkamp
- Pharmaceutical and Medicinal Chemistry, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf and Bioeconomy Science Center (BioSC), Universitätsstr.1, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - O. Jäck
- Institute of Bio- and Geosciences, IBG-2: Plant Sciences, Forschungszentrum Jülich and Bioeconomy Science Center (BioSC), Wilhelm-Johnen-Straße, 52425 Jülich, Germany
| | - A. Küberl
- Institute of Bio- and Geosciences, IBG-1: Biotechnology, Forschungszentrum Jülich and Bioeconomy Science Center (BioSC), Wilhelm-Johnen-Straße, 52425 Jülich, Germany
| | - M. Bott
- Institute of Bio- and Geosciences, IBG-1: Biotechnology, Forschungszentrum Jülich and Bioeconomy Science Center (BioSC), Wilhelm-Johnen-Straße, 52425 Jülich, Germany
| | - F. Fiorani
- Institute of Bio- and Geosciences, IBG-2: Plant Sciences, Forschungszentrum Jülich and Bioeconomy Science Center (BioSC), Wilhelm-Johnen-Straße, 52425 Jülich, Germany
| | - H. Gohlke
- Pharmaceutical and Medicinal Chemistry, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf and Bioeconomy Science Center (BioSC), Universitätsstr.1, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - G. Groth
- Biochemical Plant Physiology, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf and Bioeconomy Science Center (BioSC), Universitätsstr.1, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany
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11
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Abstract
Natural or synthetic chalcones with different substituents have revealed a variety of biological activities that may benefit human health. The underlying mechanisms of action, particularly with respect to the direct cellular targets and the modes of interaction with the targets, have not been rigorously characterized, which imposes challenges to structure-guided rational development of therapeutic agents or chemical probes with acceptable target-selectivity profile. This review summarizes literature evidence on chalcones’ direct molecular targets in the context of their biological activities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bo Zhou
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, USA
| | - Chengguo Xing
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, USA
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12
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Binding Mode Investigation of Polyphenols fromScrophulariaTargeting Human Aldose Reductase Using Molecular Docking and Molecular Dynamics Simulations. J CHEM-NY 2015. [DOI: 10.1155/2015/434256] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Aldose reductase (ALR2), a vital enzyme involved in polyol pathway, has befitted as a novel drug target in antidiabetes drug discovery process. In the present study, the binding mode and pharmacokinetic properties of potential polyphenolic compounds with reported aldose reductase inhibitory activity from the genusScrophulariahave been investigated. The human ALR2 enzyme (PDB ID: 2FZD) acted as the receptor in the current study. Among the compounds investigated, acacetin, a methoxy flavonoid, displayed the stable binding to the active site of ALR2 with least binding energy value. Molecular interaction analysis revealed that acacetin interrupts the proton donation mechanism, necessary for the catalytic activity of ALR2, by forming H-bond with Tyr48 (proton donor). In addition, acacetin also possessed favorable ADME properties and complies with Lipinski’s rule of 5 representing the possible drug-like nature compared to other polyphenols. Interestingly, the biological activity predictions also ranked acacetin with higher probability score for aldose reductase inhibition activity. Moreover, the molecular dynamics simulation of ALR2-acacetin complex was validated for the stability of ligand binding and the refined complex was used for generation of receptor-ligand pharmacophore model. Thus, the molecular insights of receptor-ligand interactions gained from the present study can be utilized for the development of novel aldose reductase inhibitors fromScrophularia.
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13
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Zhang Y, Wang D, Yang L, Zhou D, Zhang J. Purification and characterization of flavonoids from the leaves of Zanthoxylum bungeanum and correlation between their structure and antioxidant activity. PLoS One 2014; 9:e105725. [PMID: 25157400 PMCID: PMC4144902 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0105725] [Citation(s) in RCA: 98] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2014] [Accepted: 07/23/2014] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Nine flavonoids were isolated and characterized from the leaves of Zanthoxylum bungeanum. Their structures were elucidated by spectroscopic techniques as quercetin (1), afzelin (2), quercitrin (3), trifolin (4), quercetin-3-O-β-D-glucoside (5), isorhamnetin 3-O-α-L-rhamnoside (6), hyperoside (7), vitexin (8) and rutin (9). All compounds were isolated from the leaves of Z. bungeanum for the first time. Five compounds (2, 4, 5, 6 and 8) were found for the first time in the genus Zanthoxylum. To learn the mechanisms underlying its health benefits, in vitro (DPPH, ABTS, FRAP and lipid peroxidation inhibition assays) and in vivo (protective effect on Escherichia coli under peroxide stress) antioxidant activities of the nine flavonoids were measured. Quercetin and quercetin glycosides (compounds 1, 3, 5, 7, 9) showed the highest antioxidant activity. Structure-activity relationships indicated that the -OH in 4′ position on the B ring and the -OH in 7 position on the A ring possessed high antioxidant activity; B ring and/or A ring with adjacent -OH groups could greatly increase their antioxidant ability. Also, due to the different structures of various flavonoids, they will certainly exhibit different antioxidant capacity when the reactions occur in solution or in oil-in-water emulsion. These findings suggest that Z. bungeanum leaves may have health benefits when consumed. It could become a useful supplement for pharmaceutical products and functional food ingredients in both nutraceutical and food industries as a potential source of natural antioxidants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yujuan Zhang
- College of Forestry, Northwest A & F University, Yangling, China
| | - Dongmei Wang
- College of Forestry, Northwest A & F University, Yangling, China
- * E-mail:
| | - Lina Yang
- College of Forestry, Northwest A & F University, Yangling, China
| | - Dan Zhou
- College of Forestry, Northwest A & F University, Yangling, China
| | - Jingfang Zhang
- College of Forestry, Northwest A & F University, Yangling, China
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14
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Cousido-Siah A, Ruiz FX, Mitschler A, Porté S, de Lera ÁR, Martín MJ, Manzanaro S, de la Fuente JA, Terwesten F, Betz M, Klebe G, Farrés J, Parés X, Podjarny A. Identification of a novel polyfluorinated compound as a lead to inhibit the human enzymes aldose reductase and AKR1B10: structure determination of both ternary complexes and implications for drug design. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2014; 70:889-903. [PMID: 24598757 DOI: 10.1107/s1399004713033452] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2013] [Accepted: 12/10/2013] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Aldo-keto reductases (AKRs) are mostly monomeric enzymes which fold into a highly conserved (α/β)8 barrel, while their substrate specificity and inhibitor selectivity are determined by interaction with residues located in three highly variable external loops. The closely related human enzymes aldose reductase (AR or AKR1B1) and AKR1B10 are of biomedical interest because of their involvement in secondary diabetic complications (AR) and in cancer, e.g. hepatocellular carcinoma and smoking-related lung cancer (AKR1B10). After characterization of the IC50 values of both AKRs with a series of polyhalogenated compounds, 2,2',3,3',5,5',6,6'-octafluoro-4,4'-biphenyldiol (JF0064) was identified as a lead inhibitor of both enzymes with a new scaffold (a 1,1'-biphenyl-4,4'-diol). An ultrahigh-resolution X-ray structure of the AR-NADP(+)-JF0064 complex has been determined at 0.85 Å resolution, allowing it to be observed that JF0064 interacts with the catalytic residue Tyr48 through a negatively charged hydroxyl group (i.e. the acidic phenol). The non-competitive inhibition pattern observed for JF0064 with both enzymes suggests that this acidic hydroxyl group is also present in the case of AKR1B10. Moreover, the combination of surface lysine methylation and the introduction of K125R and V301L mutations enabled the determination of the X-ray crystallographic structure of the corresponding AKR1B10-NADP(+)-JF0064 complex. Comparison of the two structures has unveiled some important hints for subsequent structure-based drug-design efforts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexandra Cousido-Siah
- Department of Integrative Biology, Institut de Génétique et de Biologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire, CNRS/INSER/UdS, 1 Rue Laurent Fries, 67404 Illkirch CEDEX, France
| | - Francesc X Ruiz
- Department of Integrative Biology, Institut de Génétique et de Biologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire, CNRS/INSER/UdS, 1 Rue Laurent Fries, 67404 Illkirch CEDEX, France
| | - André Mitschler
- Department of Integrative Biology, Institut de Génétique et de Biologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire, CNRS/INSER/UdS, 1 Rue Laurent Fries, 67404 Illkirch CEDEX, France
| | - Sergio Porté
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, 08193 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Ángel R de Lera
- Departamento de Química Orgánica, Universidade de Vigo, 36310 Vigo, Spain
| | - María J Martín
- Biomar Microbial Technologies S.A., Parque Tecnológico de León, 24009 León, Spain
| | - Sonia Manzanaro
- Biomar Microbial Technologies S.A., Parque Tecnológico de León, 24009 León, Spain
| | - Jesús A de la Fuente
- Biomar Microbial Technologies S.A., Parque Tecnológico de León, 24009 León, Spain
| | - Felix Terwesten
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, University of Marburg, Marbacher Weg 6, 35032 Marburg, Germany
| | - Michael Betz
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, University of Marburg, Marbacher Weg 6, 35032 Marburg, Germany
| | - Gerhard Klebe
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, University of Marburg, Marbacher Weg 6, 35032 Marburg, Germany
| | - Jaume Farrés
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, 08193 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Xavier Parés
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, 08193 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Alberto Podjarny
- Department of Integrative Biology, Institut de Génétique et de Biologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire, CNRS/INSER/UdS, 1 Rue Laurent Fries, 67404 Illkirch CEDEX, France
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15
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Avram SI, Crisan L, Pacureanu LM, Bora A, Seclaman E, Balint M, Kurunczi LG. Challenges in docking 2′-hydroxy and 2′,4′-dihydroxychalcones into the binding site of ALR2. Med Chem Res 2012. [DOI: 10.1007/s00044-012-0367-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
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16
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Tazoo D, Oniga O, Bohle DS, Chua Z, Dongo E. General Two-Step Preparation of Chalcones Containing Thiazole. J Heterocycl Chem 2012. [DOI: 10.1002/jhet.853] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Ovidiu Oniga
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry; University of Medicine and Pharmacy “Iuliu Hatieganu,”; 12 Ion Creanga Street; Cluj-Napoca; 400010; Romania
| | - D. Scott Bohle
- Department of Chemistry; McGill University; 801 Sherbrooke Street West; Montreal; Quebec; Canada; H3A 2K6
| | - Zhijie Chua
- Department of Chemistry; McGill University; 801 Sherbrooke Street West; Montreal; Quebec; Canada; H3A 2K6
| | - Etienne Dongo
- Department of Organic Chemistry; University of Yaounde I; P.O. Box: 812; Yaounde; Cameroon
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17
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Muller TJ, Conradie J, Erasmus E. A spectroscopic, electrochemical and DFT study of para-substituted ferrocene-containing chalcone derivatives: Structure of FcCOCHCH(p-tBuC6H4). Polyhedron 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/j.poly.2011.11.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/14/2022]
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18
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Jung HA, Islam MN, Kwon YS, Jin SE, Son YK, Park JJ, Sohn HS, Choi JS. Extraction and identification of three major aldose reductase inhibitors from Artemisia montana. Food Chem Toxicol 2011; 49:376-84. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2010.11.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 83] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2010] [Revised: 11/05/2010] [Accepted: 11/10/2010] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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19
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Seth SK, Sarkar D, Kar T. Use of π–π forces to steer the assembly of chromone derivatives into hydrogen bonded supramolecular layers: crystal structures and Hirshfeld surface analyses. CrystEngComm 2011. [DOI: 10.1039/c1ce05037k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 185] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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20
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Jung HA, Yoon NY, Kang SS, Kim YS, Choi JS. Inhibitory activities of prenylated flavonoids from Sophora flavescens against aldose reductase and generation of advanced glycation endproducts. J Pharm Pharmacol 2010; 60:1227-36. [DOI: 10.1211/jpp.60.9.0016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/31/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Important targets for the prevention and treatment of diabetic complications include aldose reductase (AR) inhibitors (ARIs) and inhibitors of advanced glycation endproduct (AGE) formation. Here we evaluate the inhibitory activities of prenylated flavonoids isolated from Sophora flavescens, a traditional herbal medicine, on rat lens AR (RLAR), human recombinant AR (HRAR) and AGE formation. Among the tested compounds, two prenylated chalcones — desmethylanhydroicaritin (1) and 8-lavandulylkaempferol (2) — along with five prenylated flavanones — kurarinol (8), kurarinone (9), (2S)-2′-methoxykurarinone (10), (2S)-3β,7,4′-trihydroxy-5-methoxy-8-(γ,γ-dimethylally)-flavanone (11), and kushenol E (13) were potent inhibitors of RLAR, with IC50 values of 0.95, 3.80, 2.13, 2.99, 3.77, 3.63 and 7.74 μM, respectively, compared with quercetin (IC50 7.73 μM). In the HRAR assay, most of the prenylated flavonoids tested showed marked inhibitory activity compared with quercetin (IC50 2.54 μM). In particular, all tested prenylated flavonols, such as desmethylanhydroicaritin (1, IC50 0.45 μM), 8-lavandulylkaempferol (2, IC50 0.79 μM) and kushenol C (3, IC50 0.85 μM), as well as a prenylated chalcone, kuraridin (5, IC50 0.27 μM), and a prenylated flavanone, (2S)-7,4′-dihydroxy-5-methoxy-8-(γ,γ-dimethylally)-flavanone (12, IC50 0.37 μM), showed significant inhibitory activities compared with the potent AR inhibitor epalrestat (IC50 0.28 μM). Interestingly, prenylated flavonoids 1 (IC50 104.3 μgmL−1), 2 (IC50 132.1 μgmL−1), 3 (IC50 84.6 μgmL−1) and 11 (IC50 261.0 μgmL−1), which harbour a 3-hydroxyl group, also possessed good inhibitory activity toward AGE formation compared with the positive control aminoguanidine (IC50 115.7 μgmL−1). Thus, S. flavescens and its prenylated flavonoids inhibit the processes that underlie diabetic complications and related diseases and may therefore have therapeutic benefit.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyun Ah Jung
- Division of Food Science and Biotechnology, Pukyong National University, Busan 608–737, South Korea
| | - Na Young Yoon
- Division of Food Science and Biotechnology, Pukyong National University, Busan 608–737, South Korea
| | - Sam Sik Kang
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Seoul National University, Seoul 151–742, South Korea
| | - Yeong Shik Kim
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Seoul National University, Seoul 151–742, South Korea
| | - Jae Sue Choi
- Division of Food Science and Biotechnology, Pukyong National University, Busan 608–737, South Korea
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21
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Lim SS, Jung SH, Ji J, Shin KH, Keum SR. Synthesis of flavonoids and their effects on aldose reductase and sorbitol accumulation in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rat tissues. J Pharm Pharmacol 2010; 53:653-68. [PMID: 11370705 DOI: 10.1211/0022357011775983] [Citation(s) in RCA: 92] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Aldose reductase, the key enzyme of the polyol pathway, and oxidative stress are known to play important roles in the complications of diabetes. A drug with potent inhibition of aldose reductase and oxidative stress, therefore, would be a most promising drug for the prevention of diabetic complications. The purpose of this study was to develop new compounds with these dual-effects through synthesis of chalcone derivatives and by examining the structure-activity relationships on the inhibition of rat lens aldose reductase as well as on antioxidant effects. A series of 35 flavonoid derivatives were synthesized by Winget's condensation, oxidation, and reduction of appropriate acetophenones with appropriate benzaldehydes. The inhibitory activity of these derivatives on rat lens aldose reductase and their antioxidant effects, measured using Cu2+ chelation and radical scavenging activities on 1,1-diphenyl-picrylhydrazyl in-vitro, were evaluated. Their effect on sorbitol accumulation in the red blood cells, lenses and sciatic nerves of streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats was also estimated. Among the new flavonoid derivatives synthesized, those with the 2′,4′-dihydroxyl groups in the A ring such as 2,4,2′,4′-tetrahydroxychalcone (22), 2,2′,4′-trihydroxychalcone (11), 2′,4′-dihydroxy-2,4-dimethylchalcone (21) and 3,4,2′,4′-tetrahydroxychalcone (18) were found to possess the highest rat lens aldose reductase inhibitory activity in-vitro, their IC50 values (concentration of inhibitors giving 50% inhibition of enzyme activity) being 1.6 times 10−7, 3.8 times 10−7, 4.0 times 10−7 and 4.6 times 10−7 M, respectively. All of the chalcones tested except 3, 18, 23 with o-dihydroxy or hydroquinone moiety showed a weak free radical scavenging activity. In the in-vivo experiments, however, compound 18 with o-dihydroxy moiety in the B ring showed the strongest inhibitory activity in the accumulation of sorbitol in the tissues. It also showed the strongest activity in transition metal chelation and free radical scavenging activity. Of the 35 4,2′-dihydroxyl and 2′,4′-dihydroxyl derivatives of flavonoid synthesized, including chalcone, flavone, flavanone, flavonol and dihydrochalcone, some chalcone derivatives synthesized were found to possess aldose reductase inhibition and antioxidant activities in-vitro as well as inhibition in the accumulation of sorbitol in the tissues in-vivo. 3,4,2′,4′-Tetrahydroxychalcone (18, butein) was the most promising compound for the prevention or treatment of diabetic complications.
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Affiliation(s)
- S S Lim
- Natural Products Research Institute, Seoul National University, Korea
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22
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Somogyi L. Synthesis and reactivity of spiro[1,3,4-thiadiazoline-2,4′-thioflavans] and analogues. J Heterocycl Chem 2009. [DOI: 10.1002/jhet.25] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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23
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Logendra S, Ribnicky DM, Yang H, Poulev A, Ma J, Kennelly EJ, Raskin I. Bioassay-guided isolation of aldose reductase inhibitors from Artemisia dracunculus. PHYTOCHEMISTRY 2006; 67:1539-46. [PMID: 16806328 DOI: 10.1016/j.phytochem.2006.05.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 75] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2005] [Revised: 05/05/2006] [Accepted: 05/10/2006] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
An ethanolic extract of Artemisia dracunculus L. having antidiabetic activity was examined as a possible aldose reductase (ALR2) inhibitor, a key enzyme involved in diabetic complications. At 3.75 microg/mL, the total extract inhibited ALR2 activity by 40%, while quercitrin, a known ALR2 inhibitor, inhibited its activity by 54%. Bioactivity guided fractionation and isolation of the compounds that inhibit ALR2 activity was carried out with the total ethanolic extract yielding four bioactive compounds with ALR2 inhibitory activity ranging from 58% to 77% at 3.75 microg/mL. Using LC/MS, (1)H NMR, (13)C NMR and 2D NMR spectroscopic analyses, the four compounds were identified as 4,5-di-O-caffeoylquinic acid, davidigenin, 6-demethoxycapillarisin and 2',4'-dihydroxy-4-methoxydihydrochalcone. This is the first report on their isolation from A. dracunculus and the ALR2 inhibitory activity of 4,5-di-O-caffeoylquinic acid, 6-demethoxycapillarisin and 2',4'-dihydroxy-4-methoxydihydrochalcone. These results suggest a use of the extract of A. dracunculus for ameliorating diabetic complications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sithes Logendra
- Biotech Center, Cook College, Rutgers University, 59 Dudley Road, New Brunswick, NJ 08901-8520, USA
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24
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Du ZY, Bao YD, Liu Z, Qiao W, Ma L, Huang ZS, Gu LQ, Chan ASC. Curcumin Analogs as Potent Aldose Reductase Inhibitors. Arch Pharm (Weinheim) 2006; 339:123-8. [PMID: 16528793 DOI: 10.1002/ardp.200500205] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
In the present study, curcuminoids isolated from curcuma longa were demonstrated to possess inhibitory activities on bovine lens aldose reductase. In order to find more potent aldose reductase inhibitor, curcumin analogs were synthesized and evaluated for their ability to inhibit bovine lens aldose reductase enzyme. The results indicated that the compounds with tetrahydroxyl groups, 2,6-bis(3,4-dihydroxybenzylidene)cyclohexanone (A(2)), 2,5-bis(3,4-dihydroxybenzylidene)cyclopentanone (B(2)), 1,5-bis(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-1,4-pentadiene-3-one (C(2)), and 3,5-bis(3,4-dihydroxybenzylidene)-4-piperidone (D(2)) showed remarkably potent inhibitory effects on aldose reductase with IC(50) of 2.9 microM, 2.6 microM, 3.4 microM, and 4.9 microM, respectively. The structure-activity relationship revealed that the curcumin analogs with ortho-dihydroxyl groups could form a more tight affinity with aldose reductase to exert more potential inhibitory activities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhi-Yun Du
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
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25
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Wu X, Tiekink ERT, Kostetski I, Kocherginsky N, Tan ALC, Khoo SB, Wilairat P, Go ML. Antiplasmodial activity of ferrocenyl chalcones: Investigations into the role of ferrocene. Eur J Pharm Sci 2006; 27:175-87. [PMID: 16269240 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejps.2005.09.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 98] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2005] [Revised: 08/02/2005] [Accepted: 09/22/2005] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
A series of ferrocenyl chalcones were synthesized and evaluated in vitro against Plasmodium falciparum (K1) in a [3H] hypoxanthine uptake assay. Appropriate size, electronic, lipophilic and electrochemical parameters were determined for QSAR analysis. The results showed that the location of ferrocene influenced the ease of oxidation of Fe2+ in ferrocene and the polarity of the carbonyl linkage. These parameters were found to influence antiplasmodial activity. A general trend was noted in which compounds with ferrocene adjacent to the carbonyl linkage (series A) were associated with more selective and potent antiplasmodial activities. These compounds had polarized carbonyl linkages, lower lipophilicities and ferrocene rings that were less readily oxidized. The most active analogue was 1-ferrocenyl-3-(4-nitrophenyl)prop-2-en-1-one (28) (IC50 4.6 microM, selectivity index 37 against KB3-1 cells). To understand how the redox properties of ferrocene might influence antiplasmodial activity, the oxidant properties of selected compounds were investigated in antioxidant (ABTS+) and EPR experiments. The incorporation of ferrocene in the chalcone template was found to enhance its role in processes that involved the quenching and generation of free radicals. Thus, ferrocene may participate in redox cycling and this process may contribute to the antiplasmodial activity of ferrocenyl chalcones. However, the extent to which this property is manifested is also influenced by other physicochemical properties (lipophilicity, polarity, and planarity) of the compound.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiang Wu
- Department of Pharmacy and Medicinal Chemistry Program of Office of Life Sciences, National University of Singapore, 18 Science Drive 4, Singapore 117543, Singapore
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26
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Costantino L, Del Corso A, Rastelli G, Petrash JM, Mura U. 7-Hydroxy-2-substituted-4-H-1-benzopyran-4-one derivatives as aldose reductase inhibitors: a SAR study. Eur J Med Chem 2001; 36:697-703. [PMID: 11672879 DOI: 10.1016/s0223-5234(01)01272-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
On the basis of the results of molecular modelling studies performed on the aldose reductase (ALR2) inhibitor 7-hydroxy-2-(4'-hydroxybenzyl)-4H-1-benzopyran-4-one (compound A) bound at the active site of the enzyme, we synthesised and tested on bovine and human ALR2 several derivatives modified at position 2 of the benzopyran moiety, in order to confirm the hypothesised binding mode of this compound. The substitution of the methylene bridge with the isosteric sulphur substituent gives an active derivative, while substitution with a polar NH causes a decrease in inhibitory activity; this is in accordance to the previously reported structure in which the methylene linker was found to be adjacent to a hydrophobic aminoacid (Leu300). Among the substituents at 4' position examined, the most favourable for inhibitory activity are those able to act as hydrogen bond donors, supporting the hypothesis of the importance of the interaction with Thr113 for the inhibition of the enzyme.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Costantino
- Dipartimento di Scienze Farmaceutiche, Modena e Reggio Emilia University, Via Campi 183, I-41100 Modena, Italy.
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