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El Aissouq A, Bouachrine M, Bouayyadi L, Ouammou A, Khalil F. Structure-based virtual screening of novel natural products as chalcone derivatives against SARS-CoV-2 M pro. J Biomol Struct Dyn 2023; 41:13235-13249. [PMID: 36752320 DOI: 10.1080/07391102.2023.2172456] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2022] [Accepted: 01/19/2023] [Indexed: 02/09/2023]
Abstract
Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), which is caused by SARS-CoV-2, has spread quickly around the world, causing a global pandemic. It has infected more than 500 million people as of April 28, 2022. Much research has been reported to stop the virus from spreading, but there are currently no approved medicines to treat COVID-19. In this work, a dataset of 142 natural products collected from various medicinal plants was used to perform structure-based virtual screening (SBVS) through the combined application of molecular docking and molecular dynamics (MD) simulation methods. First, the dataset of compounds was optimized using the density functional theory (DFT) approach. The optimized compounds were then submitted to the first screening, which was done by the pKCM web server to look for drug-likeness and the PyRx to look for binding affinity. Among the 142 natural substances, 10 compounds were selected for docking validation. Compounds that interact with CYS145 and LEU141, the essential catalytic residues, as well as compounds with binding affinities less than -8.0 kcal/mol, are considered promising anti-SARS-CoV-2 drug candidates. The top-ranked compounds were then evaluated by MD simulations and MM-GBSA method. These results could help researchers come up with new natural compounds that could be used to treat SARS-CoV-2.Communicated by Ramaswamy H. Sarma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdellah El Aissouq
- Laboratory of Processes, Materials, and Environment (LPME), Faculty of Science and Technology, Sidi Mohamed Ben Abdellah University, Fez, Morocco
| | - Mohammed Bouachrine
- MCNS Laboratory, Faculty of Sciences, Moulay Ismail University, Meknes, Morocco
| | | | - Abdelkrim Ouammou
- LIMOME Laboratory, Faculty of Sciences Dhar El Mahraz, Sidi Mohamed Ben Abdellah University, Fez, Morocco
| | - Fouad Khalil
- Laboratory of Processes, Materials, and Environment (LPME), Faculty of Science and Technology, Sidi Mohamed Ben Abdellah University, Fez, Morocco
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Russell AE, Gines BR. Chalcones: Potential Chemotherapeutic Compounds and Educational Tools for Closing the Loop in STEM. Acc Chem Res 2023. [PMID: 36696370 DOI: 10.1021/acs.accounts.2c00583] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
ConspectusThe study discussed herein describes the synthesis of halogenated chalcones as potential chemotherapeutics. The synthesis work was conducted by undergraduate students participating in an Organic Chemistry II laboratory course at Tuskegee University, while the biological assays were conducted by students enrolled in a Molecular Biology I laboratory course. Chalcones were synthesized via aldol condensation and purified from hot ethanol. The impetus for the work was the fact that Tuskegee University sits positioned within the Black Belt of Alabama which, in addition to being an area of fertile soil and excellent farmland, is also an area rife with health disparities that particularly affect African-Americans. Breast cancer, specifically triple-negative breast cancer, affects African-American women at a higher rate than any other ethnic group. The work described herein addresses a practical problem [teaching undergraduate students about the interface of synthetic techniques, synthesis of specific classes of compounds, functional groups, and their relation to biological activity], as well an existential problem [the prevalence of breast cancer among African-American women, and the need to develop targeted treatments]. One of the chief aims of this approach of integrating these ideas into our laboratory courses was to facilitate the understanding of translational science, i.e. taking chalcones from benchtop to potential therapies for breast cancer. Another aim of the current approach was to, in essence, create a research problem based course and concomitantly use the results of the experiments performed in the course as a way to address the dearth of research funding that HBCUs typically receive. The pharmacological activities of chalcones and their derivatives are well documented. They are an important class of natural products that occur in edible plant derivatives such as spices, teas, fruits and various vegetables. In vitro studies have shown that chalcones inhibit proliferation of breast cancer cells by inducing apoptosis and blocking cell progression. The synthesis of chalcones with aromatic substituents has been investigated, and electron rich chalcones, i.e., chalcones with donors attached to the aromatic rings, have been studied extensively. The effect that adding electron withdrawing groups to the chalcone structural motif has on the antiproliferation ability of chalcones had been only minimally investigated at the time that our studies were being conducted. We examined the introduction of chlorine to the aromatic system of the chalcone and how these electron withdrawing substituents affect the chalcone's antiproliferative ability. It was discovered that (E)-3-(4-chlorophenyl)-1-phenylprop-2-en-1-one inhibited MDA-MB-231 cell progression in a dose dependent manner and outperformed the unsubstituted (E)-1,3-diphenyl-2-propen-1-one (1) at concentrations ranging from 0 μg/mL to 20 μg/mL. Cell death was determined by MTT assay.
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Affiliation(s)
- Albert E Russell
- Department of Chemistry, Tuskegee University, 102 Armstrong Hall, Tuskegee, Alabama 36088, United States
| | - Brandon R Gines
- Department of Chemistry, Tuskegee University, 102 Armstrong Hall, Tuskegee, Alabama 36088, United States
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Mukhtar SS, Saleh FM, Hassaneen HM, Hafez TS, Hassan AS, Morsy NM, Teleb MAM. Synthesis, reaction, antimicrobial, and docking study of new chalcones incorporating isoquinoline moiety. SYNTHETIC COMMUN 2022. [DOI: 10.1080/00397911.2022.2119415] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/14/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Shorouk S. Mukhtar
- Organometallic and Organometalloid Chemistry Department, National Research Centre, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Fatma M. Saleh
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt
| | - Hamdi M. Hassaneen
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt
| | - Taghrid S. Hafez
- Organometallic and Organometalloid Chemistry Department, National Research Centre, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Ashraf S. Hassan
- Organometallic and Organometalloid Chemistry Department, National Research Centre, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Nesrin M. Morsy
- Organometallic and Organometalloid Chemistry Department, National Research Centre, Cairo, Egypt
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El Aissouq A, Bouachrine M, Ouammou A, Khalil F. Homology modeling, virtual screening, molecular docking, molecular dynamic (MD) simulation, and ADMET approaches for identification of natural anti-Parkinson agents targeting MAO-B protein. Neurosci Lett 2022; 786:136803. [PMID: 35842207 DOI: 10.1016/j.neulet.2022.136803] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2022] [Revised: 07/09/2022] [Accepted: 07/11/2022] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Monoamine oxidase-B (MAO-B) is a flavin-dependent enzyme involved in various neurodegenerative disorders. Here, a dataset of 142 chalcone derivatives, collected from various natural plants, was screened by combining structure-based virtual screening and ADMET approaches. The goal is to discover novel natural chalcones as potential MAO-B inhibitors. With the help of the Gaussian 09.5 software, the 3D chemical structures of compounds were optimized using the DFT method. The 3D structure of the hMAO-B enzyme was built using the Modeller software. The optimized structures were subjected to virtual screening by Autodock Vina, implicated in PyRx software. Among the 142 natural substances, 43 were selected based on their binding affinity. Then, the pharmacokinetic proprieties and toxicity of these compounds were evaluated using ADMET analysis. Ten compounds were predicted to have ADMET characteristics with no side effects. The binding modes and interactions of the top selected compounds were then evaluated using AutoDock 4.2. Compounds P60 and P81 were found to be potential inhibitors of MAO-B compared to rasagiline, safinamid, and selegiline, the reference drugs. The stability of the selected compounds was confirmed by MD simulation. Based on this finding, compounds P60 and P81 could be considered potential hMAO-B inhibitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdellah El Aissouq
- Laboratory of Processes, Materials, and Environment (LPME), Faculty of Science and Technology, Sidi Mohamed Ben Abdellah University, Fez, Morocco.
| | - Mohammed Bouachrine
- MCNS Laboratory, Faculty of Sciences, Moulay Ismail University, Meknes, Morocco
| | - Abdelkrim Ouammou
- LIMOME Laboratory, Faculty of Sciences Dhar El Mahraz, Sidi Mohamed Ben Abdellah University, Fez, Morocco
| | - Fouad Khalil
- Laboratory of Processes, Materials, and Environment (LPME), Faculty of Science and Technology, Sidi Mohamed Ben Abdellah University, Fez, Morocco
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Kretzer C, Jordan PM, Meyer KPL, Hoff D, Werner M, Hofstetter RK, Koeberle A, Cala Peralta A, Viault G, Seraphin D, Richomme P, Helesbeux JJ, Stuppner H, Temml V, Schuster D, Werz O. Natural chalcones elicit formation of specialized pro-resolving mediators and related 15-lipoxygenase products in human macrophages. Biochem Pharmacol 2022; 195:114825. [PMID: 34762841 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2021.114825] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2021] [Revised: 11/01/2021] [Accepted: 11/02/2021] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Specialized pro-resolving mediators (SPMs) comprise lipid mediators (LMs) produced from polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) via stereoselective oxygenation particularly involving 12/15-lipoxygenases (LOXs). In contrast to pro-inflammatory LMs such as leukotrienes formed by 5-LOX and prostaglandins formed by cyclooxygenases, the SPMs have anti-inflammatory and inflammation-resolving properties. Although glucocorticoids and non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) that block prostaglandin production are still prime therapeutics for inflammation-related diseases despite severe side effects, novel concepts focus on SPMs as immunoresolvents for anti-inflammatory pharmacotherapy. Here, we studied the natural chalcone MF-14 and the corresponding dihydrochalcone MF-15 from Melodorum fruticosum, for modulating the biosynthesis of LM including leukotrienes, prostaglandins, SPM and their 12/15-LOX-derived precursors in human monocyte-derived macrophage (MDM) M1- and M2-like phenotypes. In MDM challenged with Staphylococcus aureus-derived exotoxins both compounds (10 µM) significantly suppressed 5-LOX product formation but increased the biosynthesis of 12/15-LOX products, especially in M2-MDM. Intriguingly, in resting M2-MDM, MF-14 and MF-15 strikingly evoked generation of 12/15-LOX products and of SPMs from liberated PUFAs, along with translocation of 15-LOX-1 to membranous compartments. Enhanced 12/15-LOX product formation by the chalcones was evident also when exogenous PUFAs were supplied, excluding increased substrate supply as sole underlying mechanism. Rather, MF-14 and MF-15 stimulate the activity of 15-LOX-1, supported by experiments with HEK293 cells transfected with either 5-LOX, 15-LOX-1 or 15-LOX-2. Together, the natural chalcone MF-14 and the dihydrochalcone MF-15 favorably modulate LM biosynthesis in human macrophages by suppressing pro-inflammatory leukotrienes but stimulating formation of SPMs by differential interference with 5-LOX and 15-LOX-1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christian Kretzer
- Department of Pharmaceutical/Medicinal Chemistry, Institute of Pharmacy, Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Philosophenweg 14, Jena 07743, Germany
| | - Paul M Jordan
- Department of Pharmaceutical/Medicinal Chemistry, Institute of Pharmacy, Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Philosophenweg 14, Jena 07743, Germany
| | - Katharina P L Meyer
- Department of Pharmaceutical/Medicinal Chemistry, Institute of Pharmacy, Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Philosophenweg 14, Jena 07743, Germany
| | - Daniel Hoff
- Department of Pharmaceutical/Medicinal Chemistry, Institute of Pharmacy, Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Philosophenweg 14, Jena 07743, Germany
| | - Markus Werner
- Department of Pharmaceutical/Medicinal Chemistry, Institute of Pharmacy, Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Philosophenweg 14, Jena 07743, Germany
| | - Robert Klaus Hofstetter
- Department of Pharmaceutical/Medicinal Chemistry, Institute of Pharmacy, Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Philosophenweg 14, Jena 07743, Germany
| | - Andreas Koeberle
- Department of Pharmaceutical/Medicinal Chemistry, Institute of Pharmacy, Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Philosophenweg 14, Jena 07743, Germany; Michael Popp Institute and Center for Molecular Biosciences Innsbruck (CMBI), University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck 6020, Austria
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Hermann Stuppner
- Institute of Pharmacy/Pharmacognosy, Center for Molecular Biosciences Innsbruck (CMBI), University of Innsbruck, Innrain 80/82, Innsbruck 6020, Austria
| | - Veronika Temml
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Medicinal Chemistry, Paracelsus Medical University Salzburg, Salzburg 5020, Austria
| | - Daniela Schuster
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Medicinal Chemistry, Paracelsus Medical University Salzburg, Salzburg 5020, Austria
| | - Oliver Werz
- Department of Pharmaceutical/Medicinal Chemistry, Institute of Pharmacy, Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Philosophenweg 14, Jena 07743, Germany.
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Jaggavarapu RMR, Muvvala V, Reddy G V, Cheedarala RK. Isolation, characterization, and docking studies of (Z)-isopropyl 7-((1R, 2R, 3R, 5S)-2-((1E, 3Z)-3-fluoro-4-phenoxybuta-1, 3-dienyl)-3,5- dihydroxycyclopentyl) hept-5-enoate, an Impurity of Tafluprost. Curr Org Synth 2020; 19:10-15. [PMID: 33297916 DOI: 10.2174/1570179417666201209141222] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2020] [Revised: 10/16/2020] [Accepted: 10/20/2020] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The origin, isolation, and characterization of (Z)-isopropyl 7-((1R, 2R, 3R, 5S)-2-((1E, 3Z)-3-fluoro4-phenoxybuta-1, 3-dienyl)-3, 5-dihydroxycyclopentyl) hept-5-enoate, an impurity found in the preparation of an antiglaucoma agent-Tafluprost has been described. MATERIALS AND METHODS Further, an enantiospecific synthesis of (Z)-isopropyl 7-((1R, 2R, 3R, 5S)-2-((1E, 3Z)-3-fluoro-4- phenoxybuta-1, 3-dienyl)-3, 5-dihydroxycyclopentyl) hept-5-enoate has been revealed using deoxofluorination as a key transformation of the strategy. RESULTS AND DISCUSSIONS Moreover, the impurity showing anti-glaucoma properties in docking studies with respect to bimatoprost. CONCLUSION The extent of our work towards docking studies, the present impurity molecule showing almost the same biological activity with respect to Tafluprost.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rama Mohana Reddy Jaggavarapu
- Department of Chemistry, Gitam School of Science, GITAM (Deemed to be University), Hyderabad, Telangana-502329. India
| | - Venkatanarayana Muvvala
- Department of Chemistry, Gitam School of Science, GITAM (Deemed to be University), Hyderabad, Telangana-502329. India
| | | | - Ravi Kumar Cheedarala
- Department of Chemistry, Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH), SAN31, Hyoja-dong. South Korea
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7
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Lim YH, Oo CW, Koh RY, Voon GL, Yew MY, Yam MF, Loh YC. Synthesis, characterization, and anti-cancer activity of new chalcone derivatives containing naphthalene and fluorine moieties. Drug Dev Res 2020; 81:994-1003. [PMID: 32720715 DOI: 10.1002/ddr.21715] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2020] [Revised: 05/25/2020] [Accepted: 06/21/2020] [Indexed: 11/30/2023]
Abstract
In recent years, chalcones and their derivatives have become the focus of global scientists due to increasing evidence reported towards their potency in antitumor and anti-cancer. Here, the chalcones designed and synthesized in our present study were derived from the derivatives of naphthaldehyde and acetophenone. Both these precursors have been reported in demonstrating a certain degree of anticancer property. Also, the substituents on these precursors such as hydroxyl, methoxy, prenyl, and chloro were shown able to enhance the anticancer efficiency. Hence, it is the interest of the current study to investigate the anticancer potential of the hybrid molecules (chalcones) consisting of these precursors with different alkoxy substituents and with or without the fluorine moiety. Two series of chalcone derivatives were designed, synthesized, and characterized using the elemental analysis, IR, 1 H and 13 C NMR spectroscopy, subsequently evaluated for their anti-cancer activity. Interestingly, the results showed that the fluorinated chalcones 11-15 exhibited stronger cytotoxic activity towards the breast cancer cell lines (4T1) compared to non-fluorinated chalcone derivatives. Remarkably, the selectivity index obtained for these fluorinated chalcones derivatives against the breast cancer 4T1 cell line was higher than those exhibited by cisplatin, which is one of the most frequently deployed chemotherapy agents in current medical practice. These findings could provide an insight towards the potential of fluorinated chalcones being developed as an anti-cancer agent with moderate activity towards breast cancer cell and low inhibition of fibroblast cell at a concentration of 100 μM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yeong Hui Lim
- School of Chemical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, 11800, Minden, Penang, Malaysia
| | - Chuan Wei Oo
- School of Chemical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, 11800, Minden, Penang, Malaysia
| | - Rhun Yian Koh
- School of Medicine, International Medical University, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Gah Leong Voon
- School of Medicine, International Medical University, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Mei Yeng Yew
- School of Medicine, International Medical University, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Mun Fei Yam
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, 11800 Minden, Penang, Malaysia
| | - Yean Chun Loh
- School of Chemical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, 11800, Minden, Penang, Malaysia
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Xu M, Wu P, Shen F, Ji J, Rakesh KP. Chalcone derivatives and their antibacterial activities: Current development. Bioorg Chem 2019; 91:103133. [PMID: 31374524 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2019.103133] [Citation(s) in RCA: 106] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2019] [Revised: 06/27/2019] [Accepted: 07/18/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
The increase in antibiotic resistance due to various factors has encouraged the look for novel compounds which are active against multidrug-resistant pathogens. In this framework, chalcone-based compounds showed a diversity of pharmacological properties, and its derivatives possess a high degree of structural diversity, and it is helpful for the discovery of new therapeutic agents. The growing resistance to antibiotics worldwide has endangered their efficacy. This has led to a surging interest in the discovery of new antibacterial agents. Thus, there is an urgent need for new antibacterial drug candidates with increased strength, new targets, low cost, superior pharmacokinetic properties, and minimum side effects. The present review concluded and focuses on the recent developments in the area of medicinal chemistry to explore the diverse chemical structures of potent antibacterial agents and also describes its structure-activity relationships studies. The various synthetic structures leading to this class of neutral protective compound is common and additional structural optimization is promising for potential drug discovery and development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Man Xu
- Engineering Research Center of Environmental Materials and Membrane Technology of Hubei Province, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Wuhan Institute of Technology, Wuhan 430205, PR China
| | - Piye Wu
- Engineering Research Center of Environmental Materials and Membrane Technology of Hubei Province, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Wuhan Institute of Technology, Wuhan 430205, PR China
| | - Fan Shen
- Engineering Research Center of Environmental Materials and Membrane Technology of Hubei Province, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Wuhan Institute of Technology, Wuhan 430205, PR China
| | - Jiayou Ji
- Engineering Research Center of Environmental Materials and Membrane Technology of Hubei Province, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Wuhan Institute of Technology, Wuhan 430205, PR China
| | - K P Rakesh
- Engineering Research Center of Environmental Materials and Membrane Technology of Hubei Province, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Wuhan Institute of Technology, Wuhan 430205, PR China.
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Synthesis, Characterization and Antibacterial Activities of New Fluorinated Chalcones. CHEMISTRY AFRICA-A JOURNAL OF THE TUNISIAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY 2019. [DOI: 10.1007/s42250-019-00043-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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Silva-Nigenda E, Martínez-Gómez A, Cruz-de la Cruz J, Barroso-Flores J, González-Romero C, Fuentes-Benites A, Jankowski CK, Cuevas-Yáñez E, Díaz-Torres E, Corona-Becerril D. Long range 1H19F coupling through multiple bond in thienopyridines, isoquinolines and 2-aza-carbazoles derivatives. J Mol Struct 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molstruc.2018.08.084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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El-Desoky ESI, Keshk EM, El-Sawi AA, Abozeid MA, Abouzeid LA, Abdel-Rahman ARH. Synthesis, biological evaluation and in silico molecular docking of novel 1-hydroxy-naphthyl substituted heterocycles. Saudi Pharm J 2018; 26:852-859. [PMID: 30202227 PMCID: PMC6128714 DOI: 10.1016/j.jsps.2018.03.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2017] [Accepted: 03/25/2018] [Indexed: 01/23/2023] Open
Abstract
The versatile precursor 2-acetyl-4-allyl-1-hydroxy naphthalene was synthesized efficiently via Claisen rearrangement 2-acetyl-1-allyloxynaphthalene. The Claisen-Schmidt condensation of latter precursor afforded the corresponding chalcones which were exploited to synthesize a series of potential heterocycles such as pyrazoline, isoxazoline, benzocoumarin and benzoflavone. The synthesized products showed potent antioxidant and antimicrobial activities. Chalcone 3c, naphthyl pyrazoline 6b and hydroxycoumarin 13 exhibited the highest activity as antioxidants. Their binding mode showed specialized recognition of hydroxycoumarin 13 with the triad key amino acids at the active site of the oxidoreductase enzyme (PDB code 1DXO). 1-Hydroxynaphth-2-yl pyrazoline (6b) revealed the highest efficacy against both Gram positive and negative bacterial species. In silico molecular docking of pyrazoline 6b endorsed its proper binding at the active site of the 2EX6 enzyme which explains its potent antibacterial activity in comparison with standard ampicillin.
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Affiliation(s)
- El-Sayed I. El-Desoky
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Mansoura University, El-Gomhoria St., Mansoura 35516, Egypt
| | - Eman M. Keshk
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Mansoura University, El-Gomhoria St., Mansoura 35516, Egypt
| | - Aya A. El-Sawi
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Mansoura University, El-Gomhoria St., Mansoura 35516, Egypt
| | - Mohamed A. Abozeid
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Mansoura University, El-Gomhoria St., Mansoura 35516, Egypt
| | - Laila A. Abouzeid
- Department of Pharmaceutical Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mansoura University, El-Gomhoria Street, Mansoura 35516, Egypt
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Delta University, Mansoura-Gamassa, Egypt
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Jung JC, Lee Y, Min D, Jung M, Oh S. Practical Synthesis of Chalcone Derivatives and Their Biological Activities. Molecules 2017; 22:molecules22111872. [PMID: 29104222 PMCID: PMC6150315 DOI: 10.3390/molecules22111872] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2017] [Revised: 10/21/2017] [Accepted: 10/24/2017] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Practical synthesis and biological activities of 4-hydroxy-3-methoxy-2-propene derivatives are described. The novel chalcone derivatives were prepared by acid catalysed one-step condensation of 1,3- or 1,4-diacetylbenzene and 1,3,5-triacetylbenzene with 4-hydroxy-3-methoxybenzaldehyde. They were then evaluated for free radical scavenging activity, suppression of lipopolysaccharides (LPS)-induced NO generation, and anti-excitotoxicity in vitro. It was found that all compounds showed good effects for 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) free radical scavenging, LPS-induced NO generation, and anti-neurotoxicity. Compounds 6 and 7 were potent suppressor of NO generation with the concentration range 10 µM and especially compound 8 showed very potent anti-inflammatory activity with 1 µM. In addition, the di- and tri-acetylbenzyl derivatives 6, 7, and 8 showed enhanced anti-neurotoxicity activity in cultured cortical neurons. Molecular modelling studies to investigate the chemical structural characteristics required for the enhanced biological activities interestingly revealed that compound 8 has the smallest highest occupied molecular orbital-lowest energy unoccupied molecular orbital (HOMO-LUMO) gap, which signifies easy electron and radical transfer between HOMO and LUMO in model studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jae-Chul Jung
- Department of Molecular Medicine, School of Medicine, Ewha Womans University, Seoul 07985, Korea.
| | - Yongnam Lee
- Department of Chemistry, Yonsei University, Seoul 03722, Korea.
| | - Dongguk Min
- Department of Chemistry, Yonsei University, Seoul 03722, Korea.
| | - Mankil Jung
- Department of Chemistry, Yonsei University, Seoul 03722, Korea.
| | - Seikwan Oh
- Department of Molecular Medicine, School of Medicine, Ewha Womans University, Seoul 07985, Korea.
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Synthesis and pharmacological properties of chalcones: a review. RESEARCH ON CHEMICAL INTERMEDIATES 2017. [DOI: 10.1007/s11164-017-2977-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
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Synthesis and structure elucidation of 1-(2,5/3,5-difluorophenyl)-3-(2,3/2,4/2,5/3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)-2-propen-1-ones as anticancer agents. Med Chem Res 2017. [DOI: 10.1007/s00044-017-1911-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Arshad S, Pillai RR, Zainuri DA, Khalib NC, Razak IA, Armaković S, Armaković SJ, Panicker CY, Van Alsenoy C. Synthesis, crystal structure, Hirshfeld surface analysis, spectroscopic characterization, reactivity study by DFT and MD approaches and molecular docking study of a novel chalcone derivative. J Mol Struct 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molstruc.2017.01.080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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Inhibition of LPS-stimulated ROS production by fluorinated and hydroxylated chalcones in RAW 264.7 macrophages with structure-activity relationship study. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2017; 27:1205-1209. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2017.01.061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2016] [Revised: 01/11/2017] [Accepted: 01/19/2017] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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Conformation analysis of a novel fluorinated chalcone. J Mol Model 2017; 23:97. [PMID: 28251413 DOI: 10.1007/s00894-017-3245-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2016] [Accepted: 01/23/2017] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
Chalcones are an important class of natural compounds that exhibit numerous biological activities. In this paper, we report the synthesis and characterization of new fluorinated chalcone (FCH). The molecular geometry was determined by means of single crystal X-ray diffraction, and density functional theory (DFT) at B3LYP, M06-2X functionals and MP2 method, with the 6-311++G(d,p) basis set, was applied to optimize the ground state geometry and to study the molecular conformational stability. The molecular electrostatic potential (MEP) was also investigated at the same level of theory in order to identify and quantify the possible reactive sites. The FCH crystallizes in the centrossymmetric space group [Formula: see text] with two independent conformers (α and β) in the asymmetric unit cell. The α conformer is arranged in planar layer whereas the β creates a layer of non-classical dimer along c axis, that differ from α in about 11° in the orientation of phenyl groups. The stabilization of the β conformer is achieved by C-H···π arrangement. The small energy difference between the conformers (0.086 kcal mol-1) and the absence of activation energy indicates that the conversion between them can takes place at room temperature and the β isomer is stable only in solid state. The FCH most electrophilic site occurs on the oxygen atom from the carboxyl group with absolute MEP value of about -52 kcal mol-1 whereas the MEP value calculated for F site is about -23 kcal mol-1.
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de Barros LS, Chaves OA, Schaeffer E, Sant’Anna CMR, Ferreira AB, Cesarin-Sobrinho D, da Silva FA, Netto-Ferreira JC. Evaluating the interaction between di-fluorinated chalcones and plasmatic albumin. J Fluor Chem 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jfluchem.2016.09.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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Ötvös SB, Hsieh CT, Wu YC, Li JH, Chang FR, Fülöp F. Continuous-Flow Synthesis of Deuterium-Labeled Antidiabetic Chalcones: Studies towards the Selective Deuteration of the Alkynone Core. Molecules 2016; 21:318. [PMID: 26959006 PMCID: PMC6273355 DOI: 10.3390/molecules21030318] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2016] [Accepted: 02/24/2016] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Flow chemistry-based syntheses of deuterium-labeled analogs of important antidiabetic chalcones were achieved via highly controlled partial C≡C bond deuteration of the corresponding 1,3-diphenylalkynones. The benefits of a scalable continuous process in combination with on-demand electrolytic D2 gas generation were exploited to suppress undesired over-reactions and to maximize reaction rates simultaneously. The novel deuterium-containing chalcone derivatives may have interesting biological effects and improved metabolic properties as compared with the parent compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sándor B Ötvös
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, University of Szeged, Eötvös u. 6, H-6720 Szeged, Hungary.
- MTA-SZTE Stereochemistry Research Group, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Eötvös u. 6, H-6720 Szeged, Hungary.
| | - Chi-Ting Hsieh
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, University of Szeged, Eötvös u. 6, H-6720 Szeged, Hungary.
- Graduate Institute of Natural Products, College of Pharmacy, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan.
| | - Yang-Chang Wu
- School of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, China Medical University, Taichung 40402, Taiwan.
- Chinese Medicine Research and Development Center, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung 40447, Taiwan.
| | - Jih-Heng Li
- Ph.D. Program in Toxicology and School of Pharmacy, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan.
| | - Fang-Rong Chang
- Graduate Institute of Natural Products, College of Pharmacy, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan.
- Center for Infectious Disease and Cancer Research, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan.
| | - Ferenc Fülöp
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, University of Szeged, Eötvös u. 6, H-6720 Szeged, Hungary.
- MTA-SZTE Stereochemistry Research Group, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Eötvös u. 6, H-6720 Szeged, Hungary.
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Saha S, Rajput L, Joseph S, Mishra MK, Ganguly S, Desiraju GR. IR spectroscopy as a probe for C–H⋯X hydrogen bonded supramolecular synthons. CrystEngComm 2015. [DOI: 10.1039/c4ce02034k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
We describe a five step IR spectroscopic method that identifies supramolecular synthons in weak hydrogen bonded dimer assemblies, bifurcated systems, and π-electron mediated synthons.
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Affiliation(s)
- Subhankar Saha
- Solid State and Structural Chemistry Unit
- Indian Institute of Science
- Bangalore 560 012, India
| | - Lalit Rajput
- Solid State and Structural Chemistry Unit
- Indian Institute of Science
- Bangalore 560 012, India
| | - Sumy Joseph
- Solid State and Structural Chemistry Unit
- Indian Institute of Science
- Bangalore 560 012, India
| | - Manish Kumar Mishra
- Solid State and Structural Chemistry Unit
- Indian Institute of Science
- Bangalore 560 012, India
| | - Somnath Ganguly
- Solid State and Structural Chemistry Unit
- Indian Institute of Science
- Bangalore 560 012, India
| | - Gautam R. Desiraju
- Solid State and Structural Chemistry Unit
- Indian Institute of Science
- Bangalore 560 012, India
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Pan T, Khare S, Ackah F, Huang B, Zhang W, Gabos S, Jin C, Stampfl M. In vitro cytotoxicity assessment based on KC50 with real-time cell analyzer (RTCA) assay. Comput Biol Chem 2013; 47:113-20. [DOI: 10.1016/j.compbiolchem.2013.08.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2013] [Revised: 08/23/2013] [Accepted: 08/23/2013] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Vitorović-Todorović MD, Erić-Nikolić A, Kolundžija B, Hamel E, Ristić S, Juranić IO, Drakulić BJ. (E)-4-aryl-4-oxo-2-butenoic acid amides, chalcone-aroylacrylic acid chimeras: design, antiproliferative activity and inhibition of tubulin polymerization. Eur J Med Chem 2013; 62:40-50. [PMID: 23353745 PMCID: PMC3622813 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2013.01.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2012] [Revised: 12/29/2012] [Accepted: 01/04/2013] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Antiproliferative activity of twenty-nine (E)-4-aryl-4-oxo-2-butenoic acid amides against three human tumor cell lines (HeLa, FemX, and K562) is reported. Compounds showed antiproliferative activity in one-digit micromolar to submicromolar concentrations. The most active derivatives toward all the cell lines tested bear alkyl substituents on the aroyl moiety of the molecules. Fourteen compounds showed tubulin assembly inhibition at concentrations <20 μM. The most potent inhibitor of tubulin assembly was unsubstituted compound 1, with IC50 = 2.9 μM. Compound 23 had an oral LD50in vivo of 45 mg/kg in mice. Cell cycle analysis on K562 cells showed that compounds 1, 2 and 23 caused accumulation of cells in the G2/M phase, but inhibition of microtubule polymerization is not the principal mode of action of the compounds. Nevertheless, they may be useful leads for the design of a new class of antitubulin agents.
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Fang X, Yang B, Cheng Z, Yang M, Su N, Zhou L, Zhou J. Synthesis and Antitumor Activity of Novel Nitrogen Mustard-Linked Chalcones. Arch Pharm (Weinheim) 2013; 346:292-9. [DOI: 10.1002/ardp.201200443] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2012] [Revised: 12/25/2012] [Accepted: 01/18/2013] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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Pan T, Huang B, Zhang W, Gabos S, Huang DY, Devendran V. Cytotoxicity assessment based on the AUC50 using multi-concentration time-dependent cellular response curves. Anal Chim Acta 2013; 764:44-52. [DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2012.12.047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2012] [Revised: 12/23/2012] [Accepted: 12/28/2012] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
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Eddarir S, Kajjout M, Rolando C. An efficient synthesis of (Z)-α-fluorochalcones via the palladium-catalyzed cross-coupling reaction of (Z)-α-fluorocinnamoyl chloride with boronic acids. Tetrahedron 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2012.12.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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26
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Jasinski JP, Butcher RJ, Siddaraju BP, Narayana B, Yathirajan HS. (2E)-3-[4-(Dimethyl-amino)-phen-yl]-1-(4-fluoro-phen-yl)prop-2-en-1-one. Acta Crystallogr Sect E Struct Rep Online 2011; 67:o313-4. [PMID: 21523001 PMCID: PMC3051752 DOI: 10.1107/s1600536811000377] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2011] [Accepted: 01/05/2011] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
The mean planes of the two benzene rings in the title compound, C(17)H(16)FNO, are twisted slightly, making a dihedral angle of 7.8 (1)°. The prop-2-en-1-one group is also twisted slightly with a C-C-C-O torsion angle of -11.6 (3)°. In the crystal, weak inter-molecular C-H⋯O inter-actions link pairs of mol-ecules, forming centrosymmetric dimers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jerry P. Jasinski
- Department of Chemistry, Keene State College, 229 Main Street, Keene, NH 03435-2001, USA
| | - Ray J. Butcher
- Department of Chemistry, Howard University, 525 College Street NW, Washington, DC 20059, USA
| | - B. P. Siddaraju
- Department of Studies in Chemistry, University of Mysore, Manasagangotri, Mysore 570 006, India
| | - B. Narayana
- Department of Studies in Chemistry, Mangalore University, Mangalagangotri 574 199, India
| | - H. S. Yathirajan
- Department of Studies in Chemistry, University of Mysore, Manasagangotri, Mysore 570 006, India
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Padhye S, Ahmad A, Oswal N, Dandawate P, Rub RA, Deshpande J, Swamy KV, Sarkar FH. Fluorinated 2'-hydroxychalcones as garcinol analogs with enhanced antioxidant and anticancer activities. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2010; 20:5818-21. [PMID: 20729081 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2010.07.128] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2010] [Revised: 07/27/2010] [Accepted: 07/28/2010] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Chalcones are involved in the synthesis of flavonoids and are themselves known to exhibit multiple pharmacological properties. However, compared to other structurally similar phytochemicals like garcinol and curcumin, the therapeutic use of chalcones is limited because of their lower bioavailability and rapid metabolic clearance from biological system. In the present work, we have attempted to overcome these limitations in case of 2'-hydroxychalcones through bioisosteric substitution of fluoro groups in place of phenolic hydroxyls. The fluorinated chalcones were found to be more potent antioxidant and anti-proliferative compounds than their hydroxyl counterparts indicating the influence of metabolically stable C-F bonds towards bioavailability. The difluoro derivatives were found to be most effective against human pancreatic BxPC-3 cancer cells which possess up-regulated COX-2 expression and also showed activity against human breast cancer BT-20 cells with triple negative phenotype, suggesting that these compounds will have broader application in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Subhash Padhye
- Department of Pathology, Barbara Ann Karmanos Cancer Center and Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, MI 48201, USA
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Synthesis and biological evaluation of anti-inflammatory activity of 1,3 diphenyl propenone derivatives. Med Chem Res 2010. [DOI: 10.1007/s00044-010-9339-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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Abstract
AbstractA series of chalcones and their derivatives have been synthesized. Chalcones, 1-(1,3-benzodioxol-5-yl)-3-(aryl)-prop-2-en-1-ones were prepared by the aldol condensation of 1-(1,3-benzodioxol-5-yl)ethanones and aryl aldehydes. Based-catalyzed condensation of 1-(1,3-benzodioxol-5-yl)-3-(aryl)prop-2-en-1-ones with ethyl acetoacetate yields corresponding ethyl 4-(1,3-benzodioxol-5-yl)-6-(aryl)-2-oxocyclohex-3-ene-1-carboxylates. Some of the synthesized chalcones were reported in the literature; the newly synthesized compounds were characterized by single crystal X-ray studies, IR, 1H-NMR and LCMS mass spectral analysis.
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Jasinski JP, Butcher RJ, Narayana B, Samshuddin S, Yathirajan HS. A monoclinic polymorph of 1-(4-chloro-phen-yl)-3-(4-methoxy-phen-yl)prop-2-en-1-one. Acta Crystallogr Sect E Struct Rep Online 2010; 66:o269-70. [PMID: 21579708 PMCID: PMC2979778 DOI: 10.1107/s1600536809054956] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2009] [Accepted: 12/21/2009] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
The crystal structure of the title compound, C16H13ClO2 (II), (space group P21/c,) is a polymorph of the structure, (I), reported by Harrison, Yathirajan, Sarojini, Narayana & Indira [Acta Cryst. (2006), E62, o1647–o1649] in the orthorhombic space group Pna21. The dihedral angle between the mean planes of the 4-chloro- and 4-methoxy-substituted benzene rings is 52.9 (1)° in (II) compared to 21.82 (6)° for polymorph (I). The dihedral angles between the mean planes of the prop-2-en-1-one group and those of the 4-chlorophenyl and 4-methoxyphenyl rings are 23.3 (3) and 33.7 (1)°, respectively. in (II). The corresponding values are 17.7 (1) and 6.0 (3)°, respectively, in polymorph (I). In the crystal, weak C—H⋯π interactions are observed.
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Aparoy P, Kumar Reddy K, Kalangi SK, Chandramohan Reddy T, Reddanna P. Pharmacophore modeling and virtual screening for designing potential 5-lipoxygenase inhibitors. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2009; 20:1013-8. [PMID: 20045317 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2009.12.047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2009] [Revised: 12/09/2009] [Accepted: 12/11/2009] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Inhibitors of the 5-Lipoxygenase (5-LOX) pathway have a therapeutic potential in a variety of inflammatory disorders such as asthma. In this study, chemical feature based pharmacophore models of inhibitors of 5-LOX have been developed with the aid of HipHop and HypoGen modules within Catalyst program package. The best quantitative pharmacophore model, Hypo1, which has the highest correlation coefficient (0.97), consists of two hydrogen-bond acceptors, one hydrophobic feature and one ring aromatic feature. Hypo1 was further validated by test set and cross validation method. The application of the model shows great success in predicting the activities of 65 known 5-LOX inhibitors in our test set with a correlation coefficient of 0.85 with a cross validation of 95% confidence level, proving that the model is reliable in identifying structurally diverse compounds for inhibitory activity against 5-LOX. Furthermore, Hypo1 was used as a 3D query for screening Maybridge and NCI databases within catalyst and also drug like compounds obtained from Enamine Ltd, which follow Lipinski's rule of five. The hit compounds were subsequently subjected to filtering by docking and visualization, to identify the potential lead molecules. Finally 5 potential lead compounds, identified in the above process, were evaluated for their inhibitory activities. These studies resulted in the identification of two compounds with potent inhibition of 5-LOX activity with IC(50) of 14 microM and 35 microM, respectively. These studies thus validate the pharmacophore model generated and suggest the usefulness of the model in screening of various small molecule libraries and identification of potential lead compounds for 5-LOX inhibition.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Aparoy
- School of Life Sciences, University of Hyderabad, Hyderabad 500 046, India
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Padhye S, Ahmad A, Oswal N, Sarkar FH. Emerging role of Garcinol, the antioxidant chalcone from Garcinia indica Choisy and its synthetic analogs. J Hematol Oncol 2009; 2:38. [PMID: 19725977 PMCID: PMC2743703 DOI: 10.1186/1756-8722-2-38] [Citation(s) in RCA: 120] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2009] [Accepted: 09/02/2009] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Garcinol, harvested from Garcinia indica, has traditionally been used in tropical regions and appreciated for centuries; however its biological properties are only beginning to be elucidated. There is ample data to suggest potent antioxidant properties of this compound which have been used to explain most of its observed biological activities. However, emerging evidence suggests that garcinol could be useful as an anti-cancer agent, and it is increasingly being realized that garcinol is a pleiotropic agent capable of modulating key regulatory cell signaling pathways. Here we have summarized the progress of our current research knowledge on garcinol and its observed biological activities. We have also provided an explanation of observed properties based on its chemical structure and provided an insight into the structure and properties of chalcones, the precursors of garcinol. The available data is promising but more detailed investigations into the various properties of this compound, particularly its anti-cancer activity are urgently needed, and it is our hope that this review will stimulate further research for elucidating and appreciating the value of this nature's wonder agent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Subhash Padhye
- Department of Pathology, Barbara Ann Karmanos Cancer Center and Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, MI 48201, USA.
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Jasinski JP, Butcher RJ, Veena K, Narayana B, Yathirajan HS. A second polymorph of (2E)-1-(4-fluoro-phen-yl)-3-(3,4,5-trimethoxy-phen-yl)prop-2-en-1-one. Acta Crystallogr Sect E Struct Rep Online 2009; 65:o1965-6. [PMID: 21583642 PMCID: PMC2977262 DOI: 10.1107/s1600536809028517] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2009] [Accepted: 07/19/2009] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The crystal structure of the title compound, C18H17FO4, reported here is a polymorph of the structure first reported by Patil et al. [Mol. Cryst. Liq. Cryst. Sci. Technol. Sect. A (2007), 461, 123–130]. It is a chalcone analog and consists of substituted phenyl rings bonded at the opposite ends of a propenone group, the biologically active region. The dihedral angle between the mean planes of the aromatic rings within the 4-fluorophenyl and trimethoxyphenyl groups is 28.7 (1)° compared to 20.8 (6)° in the published structure. The angles between the mean plane of the prop-2-ene-1-one group and the mean plane of aromatic rings within the 4-fluorophenyl and trimethoxyphenyl groups are 30.3 (4) and 7.4 (7)°, respectively, in contast to 10.7 (3) and 12.36° for the polymorph. While the two 3-methoxy groups are in the plane of the trimethoxy-substituted ring, the 4-methoxy group is in a synclinical [−sc = −78.1 (2)°] or anticlinical [+ac = 104.0 (4)°] position, compared to a +sc [53.0 (4)°] or −ac [−132.4 (7)°] position. While no classical hydrogen bonds are present, weak intermolecular C—H⋯π-ring interactions are observed which contribute to the stability of the crystal packing. The two polymorphs crystallize in the same space group, P21/c, but have different cell parameters for the a, b and c axes and the β angle. A comparison of the molecular geometries of both polymorphs to a geometry optimized density functional theory (DFT) calculation at the B3-LYP/6–311+G(d,p) level for each structure provides additional support to these observations.
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Sasayama T, Tanaka K, Mizukawa K, Kawamura A, Kondoh T, Hosoda K, Kohmura E. Trans-4-lodo,4′-boranyl-chalcone induces antitumor activity against malignant glioma cell lines in vitro and in vivo. J Neurooncol 2007; 85:123-32. [PMID: 17530176 DOI: 10.1007/s11060-007-9395-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2007] [Accepted: 04/20/2007] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
Chalcones are considered the precursors of flavonoids and have been identified as interesting compounds with antitumor properties. Boronic-chalcone derivatives are more toxic to breast cancer cells compared to normal breast cells. Here, we studied the antitumor activities of trans-4-lodo,4'-boranyl-chalcone (TLBC), which is a boronic-chalcone derivative, in several glioma cell lines. TLBC showed a dose-dependent inhibition with inhibitory concentration 50% value in the muM range (5.5-25.5 microM) in various glioma cell lines. Flow cytometric and western blot assay demonstrated that TLBC induced apoptosis independent of changes to the tumor suppressor p53. This cytotoxic effect was the caspase-dependent manner. Also, TLBC lowered levels of anti-apoptotic Bcl-2 and/or Bcl-X(L) protein in several of the cell lines. To examine the antitumor effect of TLBC in vivo, we used a malignant glioma xenograft model. This result showed that in the mice treated with TLBC at 20 mg/kg, mean tumor volume was reduced by 43.9% (P < 0.01) in comparison with the control group. Immunohistochemical and western blot analysis showed that Bcl-2 protein levels were decreased and Bax protein levels were slightly increased in the tumors injected with 20 mg/kg TLBC compared with the control tumors. Therefore, we conclude that TLBC may be a potential chemotherapeutic agent for human glioma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takashi Sasayama
- Department of Neurosurgery, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, 7-5-1, Kusunoki-cho, Chuo-ku, Kobe, 650-0017, Japan.
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de Campos-Buzzi F, Pereira de Campos J, Pozza Tonini P, Corrêa R, Augusto Yunes R, Boeck P, Cechinel-Filho V. Antinociceptive Effects of Synthetic Chalcones Obtained from Xanthoxyline. Arch Pharm (Weinheim) 2006; 339:361-5. [PMID: 16838282 DOI: 10.1002/ardp.200600049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
A wide variety of noxious stimuli are known to induce a sensation of pain evoked in a remote region of the body. Here, we show that chalcones can inhibit the pain provoked by the administration of an intraperitoneal acetic acid (AA). This study investigates the effects of 17 synthetic chalcones in the writhing test, a visceral pain model in mice. The majority of these compounds proved more active than some analgesic drugs, such as aspirin and acetaminophen, two reference drugs used here for comparison. Four chalcones, 9, 10, 16, and 17, were selected for more detailed studies, since they exhibited significant antinociceptive activities and chemical structures of interest. They caused dose-related inhibitions, proving about 15-, 10-, 9-, and 8-fold more active than the standard drugs. When administrated orally, only chalcone 9 proved to be effective. These chalcones might be further used as a model to obtain new and more potent analgesic drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fátima de Campos-Buzzi
- Programa de Mestrado em Ciências Farmacêuticas e Núcleo de Investigações Químico-Farmacêuticas (NIQFAR)/CCS, Universidade do Vale do Itajaí (UNIVALI), Itajaí-SC, Brazil
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Nakagawa H, Takusagawa M, Arima H, Furukawa K, Kinoshita T, Ozawa T, Ikota N. Selective scavenging property of the indole moiety for the nitrating species of peroxynitrite. Chem Pharm Bull (Tokyo) 2004; 52:146-9. [PMID: 14709885 DOI: 10.1248/cpb.52.146] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
The inhibitory effect on tyrosine nitration and oxidation of peroxynitrite was evaluated for more than 40 reagents including natural and synthetic compounds, and the inhibiting efficiency of each compound for nitration was compared with that for oxidation, to characterize its property as a peroxynitrite scavenger. In the presence of various concentrations of testing compounds, the nitrating and oxidizing activities were measured by monitoring the formation of 3-nitrotyrosine and dityrosine with an HPLC-UV-fluorescence detector. The IC(50) values for nitration and oxidation were determined, and the ratio of these two IC(50) values was calculated for each compound. Although the IC(50) values varied from compound to compound, it was revealed that the ratio of two IC(50) values (IC(50) for oxidation/IC(50) for nitration) was 1 in almost all the compounds tested, except five indole derivatives (L-tryptophan, melatonin, 5-methoxytryptamine, tryptamine, and tetrahydro-beta-carboline) and one synthetic selenium-containing compound ((2R,3R,4S)-2-amino-3,4-dihydroxy-5-phenylselenopentan-1-ol, ADPP). The indole derivatives showed a specific inhibitory effect on tyrosine nitration without affecting the oxidation. ADPP was confirmed to have a preferable inhibitory activity for tyrosine oxidation. It was suggested that compounds showing an IC(50) value ratio of 1 scavenged the common species for nitration and oxidation, while the indole derivatives and ADPP preferably scavenged the nitrating and oxidizing species, respectively. From a stopped flow study, it was also revealed that the nitrotyrosine formation was relatively slow, unlike an OH radical reaction. These results imply that the peroxynirite reaction at least partly proceeds through specific species for nitration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hidehiko Nakagawa
- Redox Regulation Research Group, National Institute of Radiological Sciences, 4-9-1 Anagawa, Inage-ku, Chiba 263-8555, Japan
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Baell JB, Gable RW, Harvey AJ, Toovey N, Herzog T, Hänsel W, Wulff H. Khellinone derivatives as blockers of the voltage-gated potassium channel Kv1.3: synthesis and immunosuppressive activity. J Med Chem 2004; 47:2326-36. [PMID: 15084131 DOI: 10.1021/jm030523s] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
The voltage-gated potassium channel Kv1.3 constitutes a promising new target for the treatment of T-cell-mediated autoimmune diseases such as multiple sclerosis. In this study, we report the discovery of two new classes of Kv1.3 blockers based on the naturally occurring compound khellinone, 5-acetyl-4,7-dimethoxy-6-hydroxybenzofuran: (1) khellinone dimers linked via the alkylation of the 6-hydroxy groups and (2) chalcone derivatives of khellinone formed by Claisen-Schmidt condensation of the 5-acetyl group with aryl aldehydes. In particular, the chalcone 3-(4,7-dimethoxy-6-hydroxybenzofuran-5-yl)-1-phenyl-3-oxopropene (16) and several of its derivatives inhibited Kv1.3 with K(d) values of 300-800 nM and a Hill coefficient of 2, displayed moderate selectivity over other Kv1-family K(+) channels, suppressed T-lymphocyte proliferation at submicromolar concentrations, and showed no signs of acute toxicity in mice. Because of their relatively low molecular weight and lipophilicity and their high affinity to Kv1.3, aryl-substituted khellinone derivatives represent attractive lead compounds for the development of more potent and selective Kv1.3 blocking immunosuppressants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jonathan B Baell
- The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research Biotechnology Centre, 4 Research Avenue, La Trobe R&D Park, Bundoora 3086, Australia.
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Meng CQ, Zheng XS, Ni L, Ye Z, Simpson JE, Worsencroft KJ, Hotema MR, Weingarten MD, Skudlarek JW, Gilmore JM, Hoong LK, Hill RR, Marino EM, Suen KL, Kunsch C, Wasserman MA, Sikorski JA. Discovery of novel heteroaryl-substituted chalcones as inhibitors of TNF-α-induced VCAM-1 expression. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2004; 14:1513-7. [PMID: 15006393 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2004.01.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2003] [Accepted: 01/02/2004] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Novel chalcone derivatives have been discovered as potent inhibitors of TNF-alpha-induced VCAM-1 expression. Thienyl or benzothienyl substitution at the meta-position of ring B helps boost potency while large substitution at the para-position on ring B is detrimental. Various substitutions are tolerated on ring A. A lipophilicity-potency relationship has been observed in several sub-series of compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Charles Q Meng
- AtheroGenics, Inc., 8995 Westside Parkway, Alpharetta, GA 30004, USA.
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Zheng X, Cao JG, Meng WD, Qing FL. Synthesis and anticancer effect of B-ring trifluoromethylated flavonoids. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2004; 13:3423-7. [PMID: 14505641 DOI: 10.1016/s0960-894x(03)00752-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
A series of B-ring trifluoromethylated flavonoids derivatives were prepared and tested in vitro against human gastric adenocarcinoma cell line (SGC-7901). Among these derivatives, 5,7-dipropoxy-2-(4'-trifluoromethylphenyl)-chromen-4-one 5c had the strongest activity against SGC-7901 cell.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xing Zheng
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Donghua University, 1882 West Yanan Lu, Shanghai 200051, China
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Viana GSB, Bandeira MAM, Matos FJA. Analgesic and antiinflammatory effects of chalcones isolated from Myracrodruon urundeuva allemão. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2003; 10:189-195. [PMID: 12725575 DOI: 10.1078/094471103321659924] [Citation(s) in RCA: 159] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
The present work showed analgesic and antiinflammatory activities from a fraction containing three dimeric chalcones (chalcone enriched fraction - CEF), isolated from the stem-bark ethyl acetate extract of Myracrodruon urundeuva Allemao (Anacardiaceae). M. urundeuva is a popular medicinal plant used widely in Northeast Brazil, mainly as a topical female genital tract antiinflammatory. We observed that the CEF (5 and 10 mg/kg body wt., i.p. or p.o.) inhibited acetic acid-induced abdominal contractions in mice. In the formalin test, the CEF (5 and 10 mg/kg body wt.) was more effective intraperitoneally and inhibited predominantly the second phase of response. Naloxone reversed this effect, indicating an involvement of the opioid system. The CEF (10 and 20 mg/kg body wt.) also increased the reaction time to thermal stimuli in the hot-plate test in mice, after i.p. but not after p.o. administration. In the carrageenan-induced paw edema test in mice, the CEF (20 and 40 mg/kg body wt.) decreased paw volume significantly, after i.p. administration 2-4 hours after carrageenan injection. The CEF (40 mg/kg body wt.) was also active orally during the same period of time. The present work is the first report on peripheral and central analgesic effects and antiinflammatory activity of natural dimeric chalcones.
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Affiliation(s)
- G S B Viana
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, and Department of Organic Chemistry, Federal University of Ceará, Brazil.
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