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Ivanic FM, Butler M, Borón CI, Candal RJ. Assessing the transformation products and fate of Oxytetracycline by simulated aerobic degradation tests. CHEMOSPHERE 2023; 343:140284. [PMID: 37758075 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2023.140284] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2023] [Revised: 09/01/2023] [Accepted: 09/24/2023] [Indexed: 10/01/2023]
Abstract
Oxytetracycline (OTC) is a widely used broad-spectrum antibiotic, whose presence in water and sediments was reported in various regions of the world. The effects of OTC and other tetracyclines on the environment have been intensively studied although many of their transformation products (TPs) formed in the environment and their impact have not been yet fully characterized. Abiotic and biotic degradation tests under aerobic conditions at two pH values were carried out using OTC in artificial water/sediment systems to assess the effect of these variables on the environmental fate of the pollutant. HPLC-MSn was employed to detect and identify the main degradation products and pathways. Several transformations involved in the process were identified including alcohol oxidation, decarbonylation and hydroxylation. Differences in TPs and kinetics were found among degradation conditions, remarking a faster degradation of both OTC and TPs in the presence of microorganisms and at lower pH values. In summary, a total of 44 TPs were detected and structures were proposed for 20 of them, none of them having been previously reported. Furthermore, OTC degradation generated 24 TPs which remained in either solution or sediment, although none of them displayed higher algae toxicity than OTC. These results might be useful for planning future remediation and monitoring strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Federico M Ivanic
- IIIA-UNSAM-CONICET, Instituto de Investigación e Ingeniería Ambiental, Escuela de Hábitat y Sostenibilidad (EHyS), Universidad Nacional de San Martín (UNSAM), Campus Miguelete, 25 de mayo y Francia, 1650-San Martín, Provincia de Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Matías Butler
- IIIA-UNSAM-CONICET, Instituto de Investigación e Ingeniería Ambiental, Escuela de Hábitat y Sostenibilidad (EHyS), Universidad Nacional de San Martín (UNSAM), Campus Miguelete, 25 de mayo y Francia, 1650-San Martín, Provincia de Buenos Aires, Argentina.
| | - Carlos I Borón
- IIIA-UNSAM-CONICET, Instituto de Investigación e Ingeniería Ambiental, Escuela de Hábitat y Sostenibilidad (EHyS), Universidad Nacional de San Martín (UNSAM), Campus Miguelete, 25 de mayo y Francia, 1650-San Martín, Provincia de Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Roberto J Candal
- IIIA-UNSAM-CONICET, Instituto de Investigación e Ingeniería Ambiental, Escuela de Hábitat y Sostenibilidad (EHyS), Universidad Nacional de San Martín (UNSAM), Campus Miguelete, 25 de mayo y Francia, 1650-San Martín, Provincia de Buenos Aires, Argentina
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Damont A, Legrand A, Cao C, Fenaille F, Tabet JC. Hydrogen/deuterium exchange mass spectrometry in the world of small molecules. MASS SPECTROMETRY REVIEWS 2023; 42:1300-1331. [PMID: 34859466 DOI: 10.1002/mas.21765] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2021] [Revised: 11/19/2021] [Accepted: 11/19/2021] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
The combined use of hydrogen/deuterium exchange (HDX) and mass spectrometry (MS), referred to as HDX-MS, is a powerful tool for exploring molecular edifices and has been used for over 60 years. Initially for structural and mechanistic investigation of low-molecular weight organic compounds, then to study protein structure and dynamics, then, the craze to study small molecules by HDX-MS accelerated and has not stopped yet. The purpose of this review is to present its different facets with particular emphasis on recent developments and applications. Reversible H/D exchanges of mobilizable protons as well as stable exchanges of non-labile hydrogen are considered whether they are taking place in solution or in the gas phase, or enzymatically in a biological media. Some fundamental principles are restated, especially for gas-phase processes, and an overview of recent applications, ranging from identification to quantification through the study of metabolic pathways, is given.
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Affiliation(s)
- Annelaure Damont
- Département Médicaments et Technologies pour la Santé (DMTS), MetaboHUB, Université Paris-Saclay, CEA, INRAE, Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - Anaïs Legrand
- Département Médicaments et Technologies pour la Santé (DMTS), MetaboHUB, Université Paris-Saclay, CEA, INRAE, Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - Chenqin Cao
- Département Médicaments et Technologies pour la Santé (DMTS), MetaboHUB, Université Paris-Saclay, CEA, INRAE, Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - François Fenaille
- Département Médicaments et Technologies pour la Santé (DMTS), MetaboHUB, Université Paris-Saclay, CEA, INRAE, Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - Jean-Claude Tabet
- Département Médicaments et Technologies pour la Santé (DMTS), MetaboHUB, Université Paris-Saclay, CEA, INRAE, Gif-sur-Yvette, France
- Faculté des Sciences et de l'Ingénierie, Institut Parisien de Chimie Moléculaire (IPCM), Sorbonne Université, Paris, France
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3
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Accurate determination of four tetracycline residues in chicken meat by isotope dilution-liquid chromatography/tandem mass spectrometry. J Chromatogr A 2023; 1691:463818. [PMID: 36720185 DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2023.463818] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2022] [Revised: 01/19/2023] [Accepted: 01/20/2023] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
An analytical method based on isotope dilution-liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (ID-LC‒MS/MS) was developed to accurately determine four representative tetracyclines (tetracycline, chlortetracycline, doxycycline, and oxytetracycline) in chicken meat. Tetracyclines are known to have a great tendency for epimerization and keto-enol tautomerism, which often provoke major challenges in their determination. Since this isomerization was found to be unavoidable during the whole chain of the current analysis, the total content (µg kg‒1) of individual tetracycline was quantified as a sum of each parent compound and its respective isomeric forms. Using this approach in combination with IDMS analysis, more consistent, accurate, and reproducible measurement results for the four tetracyclines in chicken meat were acquired. LC-MS/MS conditions and sample preparation processes were comprehensively optimized to minimize the chelating effect of tetracyclines and possible co-extracted interferences. Details of the sample preparation scheme, LC‒MS/MS detection, calculation equation, and method validation are described in this article. The method provided very good accuracy (97.7-102.6%) for all analytes across the concentration range of 10-200 µg kg‒1, with relative standard deviations for intra-day and inter-day precision of less than 4%. The limits of quantification were below 0.2 µg kg‒1, demonstrating the high sensitivity of the method. Furthermore, the measurement uncertainty was generally below 5.5%. Hence, the established method exhibits high-order metrological quality with superior performance over various existing methodologies. Moreover, this method can provide references for general food testing laboratories close to and far below the established maximum residue limits (100 µg kg‒1) for animal muscle tissues.
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A Preliminary Study on the Concentration of Oxytetracycline and 4-Epi-Oxytetracycline in Sow Milk. MOLECULES (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 27:molecules27103258. [PMID: 35630734 PMCID: PMC9147040 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27103258] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2022] [Revised: 05/16/2022] [Accepted: 05/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Even though modern analytical chemistry has developed a methodology enabling evaluation of the presence of OTC in milk, data regarding its concentration in the material collected from lactating sows are missing. Therefore, this paper was intended to provide new data on the transmission of OTC and its epimer, 4-epi-oxytetracycline (4-epi-OTC), in the milk of lactating sows after a singular intramuscular administration of a long-acting form of the antibiotic. The determination of OTC and 4-epi-OTC was carried out using ultrahigh-performance liquid chromatography with mass spectrometry (UHPLC–MS/MS). The highest average concentration of antibiotic (1132.2 µgL−1) was observed in samples collected 1 day after the administration of the drug. The average OTC level at day 3 was 358 µgL−1. The average concentration of the antibiotic found on the 21st day was 12.3 µgL−1. The highest average concentration of 4-epi-OTC—i.e., 54 µgL−1—was noted 1 day after the administration. Amongst samples collected at day 3, the average level of the substance in question was 26.4 µgL−1. The average value observed at day 21 was 1.5 µgL−1. Our results indicated considerable OTC and 4-epi-OTC transmission into the milk of lactating sows.
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Cheng CW, Lee SY, Chen TY, Yang MJ, Yuann JMP, Chiu CM, Huang ST, Liang JY. A study of the effect of reactive oxygen species induced by violet and blue light from oxytetracycline on the deactivation of Escherichia coli. Photodiagnosis Photodyn Ther 2022; 39:102917. [PMID: 35597444 DOI: 10.1016/j.pdpdt.2022.102917] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2022] [Revised: 05/07/2022] [Accepted: 05/17/2022] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
Oxytetracycline (OTC), a tetracycline antibiotic, is a broad-spectrum antibacterial agent. In this investigation, liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS) is utilized to determine the effects of blue light (λ = 448 nm) illumination (BLIA) and violet light (λ = 403 nm) illumination (VLIA) on conformational changes in OTC at pH 7.8. The photochemical effect of OTC that is exposed to BLIA and VLIA on the deactivation of Escherichia coli (E. coli) is studied. The deactivation of E. coli has an insignificant effect on treatment with OTC alone. OTC is relatively unstable under BLIA and VLIA illumination in an alkaline solution, and OTC has been shown to inactivate E. coli by generating reactive oxygen species (ROS). Less anionic superoxide radicals (O2•-) are generated from OTC that is treated with BLIA than that from VLIA treatment, so OTC is more efficient in inactivating E. coli under VLIA. Inactivation of reduction rates of 0.51 and 3.65 logs in E. coli are achieved using 0.1 mM OTC under BLIA for 120 min and VLIA for 30 min, respectively, under the same illumination intensity (20 W/m2). Two photolytic products of OTC (PPOs) are produced when OTC is exposed to BLIA and VLIA, with molecular ions at m/z 447 and 431, molecular formulae C21H22N2O9 and C21H22N2O8, and masses of 446.44 and 430.44 g/mol, respectively. The results show that when exposed to VLIA, OTC exhibits enhanced inactivation of E. coli, suggesting that the photochemical treatment of OTC is a potential supplement in a hygienic process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chien-Wei Cheng
- Department of Biotechnology, Ming Chuan University, Gui-Shan 33343, Taiwan.
| | - Shwu-Yuan Lee
- Department of Tourism and Leisure, Hsing Wu University, New Taipei City 24452, Taiwan.
| | - Tang-Yu Chen
- Department of Biotechnology, Ming Chuan University, Gui-Shan 33343, Taiwan.
| | - Meei-Ju Yang
- Tea Research and Extension Station, Yangmei 326011, Taiwan.
| | - Jeu-Ming P Yuann
- Department of Biotechnology, Ming Chuan University, Gui-Shan 33343, Taiwan
| | - Chi-Ming Chiu
- Department of Biotechnology, Ming Chuan University, Gui-Shan 33343, Taiwan.
| | - Shiuh-Tsuen Huang
- Department of Science Education and Application, National Taichung University of Education, Taichung 40306, Taiwan; Department of Soil and Environmental Sciences, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung 40200, Taiwan.
| | - Ji-Yuan Liang
- Department of Biotechnology, Ming Chuan University, Gui-Shan 33343, Taiwan.
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Ouyang Z, Lei F, Hu E, Li S, Yao Q, Guo X. New insight into transformation of tetracycline in presence of Mn(II): Oxidation versus photolysis. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2022; 300:118998. [PMID: 35176411 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2022.118998] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2021] [Revised: 02/04/2022] [Accepted: 02/13/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Tetracycline (TC) and Mn(II) is a common antibiotic and metal ion respectively. Nevertheless, literatures involving in the effects of Mn(II) on TC transformation are still insufficient. In this study, the kinetic experiment, spectral analysis, complexation experiment and electrochemical analysis, theoretical calculation and products detection were carried out to probe into oxidation and photolysis of TC with Mn(II). Mn(II) greatly accelerated TC oxidation, preferably tending to complex with TC at O10 - O12 or O2 - O3 site. There were a TC-Mn(II)/TC-Mn(III) redox couple and electron transfer process. Conversely, Mn(II) inhibited photolysis of TC. The photolysis of excited TC could compete with energy dissipation reactions. The electron transfer and complexation reaction easily made excited TC energy transfer, thus slowing down photolysis process. During the TC transformation, the intensity of functional groups was significantly decreased. Simultaneously, the degradation pathways mainly included eight reactions. It is a very interesting and probably overlooked phenomenon, which identifies new transformation of TC with Mn(II). This study helps to further understand fate and environmental behavior of antibiotics and metal ion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhuozhi Ouyang
- College of Natural Resources and Environment, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, China; Key Laboratory of Plant Nutrition and the Agro-environment in Northwest China, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, China
| | - Fadan Lei
- College of Natural Resources and Environment, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, China
| | - Endian Hu
- College of Natural Resources and Environment, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, China
| | - Shuxing Li
- College of Natural Resources and Environment, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, China
| | - Qian Yao
- School of Environment and Energy, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Xuetao Guo
- College of Natural Resources and Environment, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, China; Key Laboratory of Plant Nutrition and the Agro-environment in Northwest China, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, China.
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Zhu P, Zhou L, Jiang K, Su W, Van Schepdael A, Adams E. Diastereomer recognition of three pairs of tetracyclines by electrospray ionization mass spectrometry. RAPID COMMUNICATIONS IN MASS SPECTROMETRY : RCM 2022; 36:e9221. [PMID: 34761454 DOI: 10.1002/rcm.9221] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2021] [Revised: 11/05/2021] [Accepted: 11/08/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
RATIONALE Stereoisomer profiling is always a difficult issue. Based on the difference between diastereomers, usually because of steric hindrance, isomers can be differentiated by mass spectrometry (MS), although it is often not an easy task. In the current study, tetracycline, chlortetracycline and doxycycline could be distinguished from their respective 4-epimers by MS. METHODS The electrospray ionization tandem mass spectrometry (ESI-MSn ) analyses were carried out on a Bruker 3000plus ion trap mass spectrometer. For MS/MS experiments, the collision energy was set between 0.18 and 0.45 V to perform energy-resolved mass spectrometry (ERMS). Test solutions were prepared in methanol/water (90:10, v/v) at a concentration of 10 μg/mL. RESULTS Compared with the collision-induced dissociation (CID) spectrum of protonated tetracycline, the most abundant peak changed from m/z 427 to m/z 410 for 4-epitetracycline. For chlortetracycline and its 4-epimer, differences in relative abundance were observed too. In the CID spectrum of a fragment ion of doxycycline, the abundance of m/z 154 was relatively higher than for the 4-epimer, showing the same trend as in the CID spectra of the other two pairs of tetracyclines. CONCLUSIONS The CID spectra of tetracycline and chlortetracycline were different from those of their 4-epimers. The CID spectra of protonated doxycycline and its 4-epimer showed only a subtle difference, but the m/z 154 fragment ion in the CID spectra of the fragment ion at m/z 428 offers the possibility to differentiate both epimers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peixi Zhu
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University of Technology, Zhejiang, Hangzhou, China
- Pharmaceutical Analysis, Department of Pharmaceutical and Pharmacological Sciences, KU Leuven, University of Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Luxi Zhou
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University of Technology, Zhejiang, Hangzhou, China
| | - Kezhi Jiang
- Key Laboratory of Organosilicon Chemistry and Material Technology, Hangzhou Normal University, Zhejiang, China
| | - Weike Su
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University of Technology, Zhejiang, Hangzhou, China
| | - Ann Van Schepdael
- Pharmaceutical Analysis, Department of Pharmaceutical and Pharmacological Sciences, KU Leuven, University of Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Erwin Adams
- Pharmaceutical Analysis, Department of Pharmaceutical and Pharmacological Sciences, KU Leuven, University of Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
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Stankov V, Stankov MN, Cvetnić M, Sigurnjak Bureš M, Ukić Š, Kučić Grgić D, Lončarić Božić A, Kušić H, Bolanča T. Environmental aspects of UV-C-based processes for the treatment of oxytetracycline in water. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2021; 277:116797. [PMID: 33647807 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2021.116797] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2020] [Revised: 02/16/2021] [Accepted: 02/17/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
This study is focused on oxytetracycline (OTC) degradation by direct photolysis (UV-C) and photobased advanced oxidation processes (AOPs) (UV-C/H2O2 and UV-C/S2O82-). OTC degradation pathways were revealed by LC-MS/MS and GC-MS/MS analyses. The evolution/degradation profiles of 12 detected byproducts were correlated with changes in biodegradability and toxicity toward Vibrio fischeri recorded during the treatment. Both photobased AOPs yielded higher OTC degradation and mineralization rates than direct photolysis. The OTC degradation pathway was found to be rather specific regarding the main reactive species (HO• or SO4•-)/mechanism, yielding different patterns in toxicity changes, while biodegradability profiles were less affected. Biodegradability was correlated with the observed degradation and mineralization kinetics. The recorded toxicity changes indicate that byproducts formed by initial OTC degradation are more toxic than the parent pollutant. The prolonged treatment resulted in the formation of byproducts that contributed to a decrease in toxicity and an increase in biodegradability, as particularly emphasized in the case of UV-C/S2O82-.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vladimir Stankov
- Sample Control D.o.o., Franje Puškarića 18, 10250, Lučko, Croatia; University of Zagreb, Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Marulićev Trg 19, 10000, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Mirjana Novak Stankov
- University of Zagreb, Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Marulićev Trg 19, 10000, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Matija Cvetnić
- University of Zagreb, Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Marulićev Trg 19, 10000, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Marija Sigurnjak Bureš
- University of Zagreb, Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Marulićev Trg 19, 10000, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Šime Ukić
- University of Zagreb, Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Marulićev Trg 19, 10000, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Dajana Kučić Grgić
- University of Zagreb, Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Marulićev Trg 19, 10000, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Ana Lončarić Božić
- University of Zagreb, Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Marulićev Trg 19, 10000, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Hrvoje Kušić
- University of Zagreb, Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Marulićev Trg 19, 10000, Zagreb, Croatia.
| | - Tomislav Bolanča
- University of Zagreb, Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Marulićev Trg 19, 10000, Zagreb, Croatia; University North, Trg Dr. Žarka Dolinara 1, Koprivnica, 48000, Croatia
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Synthesis and evaluation of bisulfate/mesylate-conjugated chlortetracycline with high solubility and bioavailability. ACTA PHARMACEUTICA (ZAGREB, CROATIA) 2020; 70:483-498. [PMID: 32412434 DOI: 10.2478/acph-2020-0041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/24/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
The aim of this work is to improve the solubility and bioavailability of chlortetracycline and the function of the immune response. Chlortetracycline bisulfate and chlortetracycline mesylate were successfully synthesized and characterized with several techniques, including spectroscopy, chromatography and mass spectrometry, which demonstrated that the C4-dimethylamino group of chlortetracycline can accept a proton from sulfuric acid and methanesulfonic acid to form the corresponding salts. In addition, chlortetracycline bisulfate and chlortetracycline mesylate were more soluble in water than chlortetracycline hydrochloride, but the antibacterial activity was not enhanced. The influences of chlortetracycline hydrochloride, chlortetracycline bisulfate and chlortetracycline mesylate on chlortetracycline and immunoglobulin concentrations in mouse serum were also investigated. These results suggested that the chlortetracycline bisulfate and chlortetracycline mesylate have good bioavailability and strong immune response and have potential applications in animal breeding and formulation technologies.
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Rapid liquid chromatographic method for the control of doxycycline and tiamulin residues and their metabolites in vivo assays with pigs: Treatment and depletion. J Pharm Biomed Anal 2020; 190:113428. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jpba.2020.113428] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2020] [Revised: 06/11/2020] [Accepted: 06/12/2020] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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11
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Li Z, Sun Y, Yang Y, Han Y, Wang T, Chen J, Tsang DCW. Comparing biochar- and bentonite-supported Fe-based catalysts for selective degradation of antibiotics: Mechanisms and pathway. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2020; 183:109156. [PMID: 32000003 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2020.109156] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2019] [Revised: 01/16/2020] [Accepted: 01/19/2020] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
The selective degradation of recalcitrant antibiotics into byproducts with low toxicity and high biodegradability has been increasingly popular using peroxymonosulfate (PMS) based advanced oxidation processes (AOPs). In this paper, two Fe-based heterogeneous catalysts, bentonite supported Fe-Ni composite (BNF) and biochar-supported Fe composite (Fe/C), were tailored and comprehensively characterized for distinctive physicochemical properties, crystalline structures, and interfacial behaviors. Two widely used antibiotics, sulfapyridine (SPY) and oxytetracycline (OTCs) at their common concentrations in pharmaceutical wastewaters (250 and 10 mg L-1) were tested for degradation in three PMS-based oxidation processes, i.e., PMS, PMS-BNF, and PMS-Fe/C, respectively. Results demonstrated that a large amount of PMS (10 and 1 mM) could effectively remove SPY (0.385 min-1, 100% removal) and OTC (2.737 min-1, 100% removal) via1O2 derived from PMS self-decomposition and non-radical pathway, respectively. Additional Fe-based catalysts (0.5 g L-1 Fe/C and BNF) significantly reduced the PMS consumption (1 and 0.25 mM) and accelerated the reaction rate (1.08 and 5.05 min-1) of SPY and OTC removal. Moreover, the supplementary catalysts shifted the degradation route. The biochar matrix in Fe/C composite contributed to predominant interaction with PMS forming 1O2, which preferably attacked SPY via hydroxylation. In contrast, the redox-active Fe-Ni pairs induced SO4- formation, which could selectively degrade OTC through decarboxylation. Thus, these results are conducive to tailoring advanced yet low-cost heterogeneous catalysts for eco-friendly treatment of antibiotics-rich industrial wastewaters.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhe Li
- State Key Laboratory of Biogeology and Environmental Geology, China University of Geosciences, Beijing, 100083, China; School of Earth Sciences and Resources, China University of Geosciences, Beijing, 100083, China; Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom Kowloon, Hong Kong, China
| | - Yuqing Sun
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom Kowloon, Hong Kong, China
| | - Yang Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Biogeology and Environmental Geology, China University of Geosciences, Beijing, 100083, China; School of Earth Sciences and Resources, China University of Geosciences, Beijing, 100083, China
| | - Yitong Han
- State Key Laboratory of Biogeology and Environmental Geology, China University of Geosciences, Beijing, 100083, China; School of Earth Sciences and Resources, China University of Geosciences, Beijing, 100083, China
| | - Tongshuai Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Biogeology and Environmental Geology, China University of Geosciences, Beijing, 100083, China; School of Earth Sciences and Resources, China University of Geosciences, Beijing, 100083, China
| | - Jiawei Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Biogeology and Environmental Geology, China University of Geosciences, Beijing, 100083, China; School of Earth Sciences and Resources, China University of Geosciences, Beijing, 100083, China.
| | - Daniel C W Tsang
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom Kowloon, Hong Kong, China.
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Zhu P, Jiang K, Hong L, Su W, Van Schepdael A, Adams E. Diastereomer recognition of oxytetracycline and its 4-epimer by electrospray ionization mass spectrometry and mechanistic investigation. JOURNAL OF MASS SPECTROMETRY : JMS 2019; 54:1013-1018. [PMID: 31734954 DOI: 10.1002/jms.4476] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2019] [Revised: 11/05/2019] [Accepted: 11/11/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Peixi Zhu
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, 310014, Zhejiang, China
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Pharmacological Sciences, Pharmaceutical Analysis, KU Leuven, University of Leuven, Herestraat 49, O&N2, PB 923, 3000, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Kezhi Jiang
- Key Laboratory of Organosilicon Chemistry and Material Technology, Hangzhou Normal University, Zhejiang, China
| | - Liya Hong
- Zhejiang Institute for Food and Drug Control, Hangzhou, 310053, Zhejiang, China
| | - Weike Su
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, 310014, Zhejiang, China
| | - Ann Van Schepdael
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Pharmacological Sciences, Pharmaceutical Analysis, KU Leuven, University of Leuven, Herestraat 49, O&N2, PB 923, 3000, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Erwin Adams
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Pharmacological Sciences, Pharmaceutical Analysis, KU Leuven, University of Leuven, Herestraat 49, O&N2, PB 923, 3000, Leuven, Belgium
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Forced degradation behavior of two-drug combinations: Isolation and characterization of major degradation products by LC-MS. Microchem J 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.microc.2019.104074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
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14
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Cherifi Y, Addad A, Vezin H, Barras A, Ouddane B, Chaouchi A, Szunerits S, Boukherroub R. PMS activation using reduced graphene oxide under sonication: Efficient metal-free catalytic system for the degradation of rhodamine B, bisphenol A, and tetracycline. ULTRASONICS SONOCHEMISTRY 2019; 52:164-175. [PMID: 30477793 DOI: 10.1016/j.ultsonch.2018.11.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2018] [Revised: 10/27/2018] [Accepted: 11/12/2018] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
This study addresses the influence of ultrasound irradiation on the activation of peroxymonosulfate (PMS) using reduced graphene oxide (rGO) under metal-free conditions for the catalytic degradation of rhodamine B (RhB), bisphenol A (BPA) and tetracycline (TC). Our results revealed that the combination of PMS/rGO and ultrasonication enhanced significantly the degradation rate, reaching full degradation in relatively short times with total organic carbon (TOC) removal exceeding 85% of the investigated pollutants. In contrast, under these experimental conditions, rGO/ultrasound and PMS/ultrasound achieved less than 20% degradation of the same pollutants. Electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) studies along with quenching experiments suggested that hydroxyl radicals (OH) are the dominant reactive species in the degradation process. Furthermore, inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectroscopy (ICP-AES) and EPR data revealed the presence of trace manganese (Mn) in rGO. To elucidate the role of Mn on the degradation process, rGO was subjected to hot acid treatment for 48 h to remove trace Mn. While the chemical composition of rGO was not significantly altered by this chemical treatment, the degradation efficiency decreased upon Mn dissolution. The result suggests that trace metal in rGO might account for the efficiency of PMS activation. Finally, plausible degradation pathways were proposed based on LC-MS analysis of the reaction intermediates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yacine Cherifi
- Univ. Lille, CNRS, Centrale Lille, ISEN, Univ. Valenciennes, UMR 8520 - IEMN, F-59000 Lille, France; Laboratoire de Chimie Appliquée et Génie Chimique de l'Université Mouloud Mammeri de Tizi-Ouzou, Algeria
| | - Ahmed Addad
- Univ. Lille, CNRS, UMR 8207 - UMET, F-59000 Lille, France
| | - Hervé Vezin
- Univ. Lille, UMR CNRS 8516-LASIR Laboratoire de Spectrochimie Infrarouge et Raman 59655 Villeneuve d'Ascq, France
| | - Alexandre Barras
- Univ. Lille, CNRS, Centrale Lille, ISEN, Univ. Valenciennes, UMR 8520 - IEMN, F-59000 Lille, France
| | - Baghdad Ouddane
- Univ. Lille, UMR CNRS 8516-LASIR Laboratoire de Spectrochimie Infrarouge et Raman 59655 Villeneuve d'Ascq, France
| | - Ahcène Chaouchi
- Laboratoire de Chimie Appliquée et Génie Chimique de l'Université Mouloud Mammeri de Tizi-Ouzou, Algeria
| | - Sabine Szunerits
- Univ. Lille, CNRS, Centrale Lille, ISEN, Univ. Valenciennes, UMR 8520 - IEMN, F-59000 Lille, France
| | - Rabah Boukherroub
- Univ. Lille, CNRS, Centrale Lille, ISEN, Univ. Valenciennes, UMR 8520 - IEMN, F-59000 Lille, France.
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Gajda A, Nowacka-Kozak E, Gbylik-Sikorska M, Posyniak A. Multi-residues UHPLC–MS/MS analysis of 53 antibacterial compounds in poultry feathers as an analytical tool in food safety assurance. J Chromatogr B Analyt Technol Biomed Life Sci 2019; 1104:182-189. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jchromb.2018.11.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2018] [Revised: 10/14/2018] [Accepted: 11/15/2018] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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Mistarz UH, Rand KD. Installation, validation, and application examples of two instrumental setups for gas-phase HDX-MS analysis of peptides and proteins. Methods 2018; 144:113-124. [PMID: 29753788 DOI: 10.1016/j.ymeth.2018.05.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2018] [Revised: 04/17/2018] [Accepted: 05/04/2018] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Gas-phase hydrogen/deuterium exchange measured by mass spectrometry in a millisecond timeframe after ESI (gas-phase HDX-MS) is a fast and sensitive, yet unharnessed method to analyze the primary- and higher-order structure, intramolecular and intermolecular interactions, surface properties, and charge location of peptides and proteins. During a gas-phase HDX-MS experiment, heteroatom-bound non-amide hydrogens are made to exchange with deuterium during a millisecond timespan after electrospray ionization (ESI) by reaction with the highly basic reagent ND3, enabling conformational analysis of protein states that are pertinent to the native solution-phase. Here, we describe two different instrumental approaches to enable gas-phase HDX-MS for analysis of peptides and proteins on high-resolution Q-TOF mass spectrometers. We include a description of the procedure and equipment required for successful installation as well as suggested procedures for testing, validation, and troubleshooting of a gas-phase HDX-MS setup. In the two described approaches, gas-phase HDX-MS are performed either immediately after ESI in the cone exit region by leading N2-gas over a deuterated ND3/D2O solution, or by leading purified ND3-gas into different traveling wave ion guides (TWIG) of the mass spectrometer. We envision that a detailed description of the two gas-phase HDX-MS setups and their practical implementation and validation can pave the way for gas-phase HDX-MS to become a more routinely used MS technique for structural analysis of peptides and proteins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ulrik H Mistarz
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Kasper D Rand
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.
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Acter T, Lee S, Cho E, Jung MJ, Kim S. Design and Validation of In-Source Atmospheric Pressure Photoionization Hydrogen/Deuterium Exchange Mass Spectrometry with Continuous Feeding of D 2O. JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN SOCIETY FOR MASS SPECTROMETRY 2018; 29:85-94. [PMID: 29080204 DOI: 10.1007/s13361-017-1831-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2017] [Revised: 09/24/2017] [Accepted: 10/01/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
In this study, continuous in-source hydrogen/deuterium exchange (HDX) atmospheric pressure photoionization (APPI) mass spectrometry (MS) with continuous feeding of D2O was developed and validated. D2O was continuously fed using a capillary line placed on the center of a metal plate positioned between the UV lamp and nebulizer. The proposed system overcomes the limitations of previously reported APPI HDX-MS approaches where deuterated solvents were premixed with sample solutions before ionization. This is particularly important for APPI because solvent composition can greatly influence ionization efficiency as well as the solubility of analytes. The experimental parameters for APPI HDX-MS with continuous feeding of D2O were optimized, and the optimized conditions were applied for the analysis of nitrogen-, oxygen-, and sulfur-containing compounds. The developed method was also applied for the analysis of the polar fraction of a petroleum sample. Thus, the data presented in this study clearly show that the proposed HDX approach can serve as an effective analytical tool for the structural analysis of complex mixtures. Graphical abstract ᅟ.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thamina Acter
- Department of Chemistry, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, 702-701, Republic of Korea
| | - Seulgidaun Lee
- Department of Chemistry, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, 702-701, Republic of Korea
| | - Eunji Cho
- Department of Chemistry, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, 702-701, Republic of Korea
| | - Maeng-Joon Jung
- Department of Chemistry, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, 702-701, Republic of Korea
| | - Sunghwan Kim
- Department of Chemistry, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, 702-701, Republic of Korea.
- Department of Chemistry, Green Nano Center, Daegu, 702-701, Republic of Korea.
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Kwak J, Yoon S, Mahanty B, Kim CG. Redox-mediator-free degradation of sulfathiazole and tetracycline using Phanerochaete chrysosporium. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND HEALTH. PART A, TOXIC/HAZARDOUS SUBSTANCES & ENVIRONMENTAL ENGINEERING 2017; 52:1211-1217. [PMID: 28910590 DOI: 10.1080/10934529.2017.1356191] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
The removal of two of the most commonly used antibiotics, tetracycline (TC) and sulfathiazole (STZ), using laccase-producing Phanerochaete chrysosporium was studied in liquid-phase batch experiments in the absence of any synthetic redox mediator. The removal of STZ and TC from single antibiotic spikes varied from 97.8% to 15.4% and 98.8% to 31%, respectively, with increasing initial doses of 10-250 mg L-1 within 14 days of incubation. The enzyme activity of P. chrysosporium was only minimally influenced by the concentrations of these antibiotics. The degradation of antibiotics initiated before an appreciable extracellular enzyme activity was noted in the fungal culture. The appearance of low-molecular weight molecular fragments from parent antibiotics in liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry confirmed the biodegradation process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jehun Kwak
- a Department of Environment Engineering , INHA University , Nam-gu, Incheon , Republic of Korea
| | - Soonuk Yoon
- a Department of Environment Engineering , INHA University , Nam-gu, Incheon , Republic of Korea
| | - Biswanath Mahanty
- b Department of Biotechnology , Karunya University , Coimbatore , Tamil Nadu , India
| | - Chang-Gyun Kim
- a Department of Environment Engineering , INHA University , Nam-gu, Incheon , Republic of Korea
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Green and low cost tetracycline degradation processes by nanometric and immobilized TiO 2 systems. Catal Today 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cattod.2016.08.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/07/2022]
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20
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Liu Y, He X, Duan X, Fu Y, Fatta-Kassinos D, Dionysiou DD. Significant role of UV and carbonate radical on the degradation of oxytetracycline in UV-AOPs: Kinetics and mechanism. WATER RESEARCH 2016; 95:195-204. [PMID: 27131094 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2016.03.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 135] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2015] [Revised: 03/02/2016] [Accepted: 03/04/2016] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
Carbonate radical (CO3(•-)), a selective oxidant, reacts readily with electron-rich compounds through electron transfer and/or hydrogen abstraction. In this study, the role of CO3(•-) in degrading oxytetracycline (OTC) by UV only, UV/H2O2 and UV/persulfate (UV/PS) advanced oxidation processes (AOPs) in the presence of HCO3(-) or CO3(2-) was investigated. For UV only process, the presence of photosensitizers, i.e., nitrate (NO3(-)) and natural organic matter (NOM), had different impacts on OTC degradation, i.e., an enhancing effect by NO3(-) due to the generation of HO(•) and a slight inhibiting effect by NOM possibly due to a light scattering effect. Differently for UV/H2O2 and UV/PS processes, the presence of NO3(-) hardly influenced the destruction of OTC. Generation of CO3(•-) presented a positive role on OTC degradation by UV/NO3(-)/HCO3(-). Such influence was also observed in the two studied AOPs in the presence of both bicarbonate and other natural water constituents. When various natural water samples from different sources were used as reaction matrices, UV only and UV/H2O2 showed an inhibiting effect while UV/PS demonstrated a comparable or even promoting effect in OTC decomposition. After elucidating the potential contribution of UV direct photolysis via excited state OTC* at an elevated reaction pH condition, putative OTC transformation byproducts via CO3(•-) reaction were identified by ultra-high definition accurate-mass quadrupole time-of-flight tandem mass spectrometry (QTOF/MS). Five different reaction pathways were subsequently proposed, including hydroxylation (+16 Da), quinonization (+14 Da), demethylation (-14 Da), decarbonylation (-28 Da) and dehydration (-18 Da). The significant role of UV at high pH and CO3(•-) on OTC removal from contaminated water was therefore demonstrated both kinetically and mechanistically.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yiqing Liu
- Faculty of Geosciences and Environmental Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu, 611756, China; Environmental Engineering and Science Program, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH, 45221-0012, United States
| | - Xuexiang He
- Environmental Engineering and Science Program, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH, 45221-0012, United States
| | - Xiaodi Duan
- Environmental Engineering and Science Program, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH, 45221-0012, United States
| | - Yongsheng Fu
- Faculty of Geosciences and Environmental Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu, 611756, China.
| | - Despo Fatta-Kassinos
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, School of Engineering, University of Cyprus, PO Box 20537, 1678, Nicosia, Cyprus; Nireas-International Water Research Centre, School of Engineering, University of Cyprus, PO Box 20537, 1678, Nicosia, Cyprus
| | - Dionysios D Dionysiou
- Environmental Engineering and Science Program, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH, 45221-0012, United States; Nireas-International Water Research Centre, School of Engineering, University of Cyprus, PO Box 20537, 1678, Nicosia, Cyprus.
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Wang J, Gao F, Wang H, Su W. Characterization of the Oxidation Degradation Products in Tigecycline by Column-Switching and Online Demineralization Technique for Dual Gradient Liquid Chromatography Combined With Q Orbitrap Mass Spectrometry. Chromatographia 2016. [DOI: 10.1007/s10337-016-3070-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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22
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Cho Y, Choi MH, Kim B, Kim S. Supercritical fluid chromatography coupled with in-source atmospheric pressure ionization hydrogen/deuterium exchange mass spectrometry for compound speciation. J Chromatogr A 2016; 1444:123-8. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2016.03.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2015] [Revised: 02/27/2016] [Accepted: 03/06/2016] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
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Liu Y, He X, Fu Y, Dionysiou DD. Kinetics and mechanism investigation on the destruction of oxytetracycline by UV-254nm activation of persulfate. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2016; 305:229-239. [PMID: 26686482 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2015.11.043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 162] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2015] [Revised: 10/19/2015] [Accepted: 11/21/2015] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Oxytetracycline (OTC), an important broad-spectrum antibiotic, has been detected extensively in various environmental systems, which may have a detrimental impact on ecosystem and human health through the development of drug resistant bacteria and pathogens. In this study, the degradation of OTC was evaluated by UV-254nm activated persulfate (PS). The observed UV fluence based pseudo first-order rate constant (kobs) was found to be the highest at near neutral pH conditions (pH 5.5-8.5). Presence of various natural water constituents had different effects on OTC degradation, with a significant enhancement in the presence of bicarbonate or Cu(2+). Limited elimination of total organic carbon (TOC) and PS was observed during the mineralization of OTC. Transformation byproducts in the presence and absence of hydroxyl radical scavenging agent tert-butanol (t-BuOH) were identified using ultra-high definition accurate-mass quadrupole time-of-flight liquid chromatography/mass spectrometer (LC-QTOF/MS). Potential OTC degradation mechanism was subsequently proposed revealing four different reaction pathways by SO4(-) reaction including hydroxylation (+16Da), demethylation (-14Da), decarbonylation (-28Da) and dehydration (-18Da). This study suggests that UV-254nm/PS is a promising treatment technology for the control of water pollution caused by emerging contaminants such as OTC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yiqing Liu
- Faculty of Geosciences and Environmental Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu 611756, China; Environmental Engineering and Science Program, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH 45221-0012, United States
| | - Xuexiang He
- Environmental Engineering and Science Program, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH 45221-0012, United States
| | - Yongsheng Fu
- Faculty of Geosciences and Environmental Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu 611756, China
| | - Dionysios D Dionysiou
- Environmental Engineering and Science Program, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH 45221-0012, United States.
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24
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Acter T, Kim D, Ahmed A, Jin JM, Yim UH, Shim WJ, Kim YH, Kim S. Optimization and application of atmospheric pressure chemical and photoionization hydrogen–deuterium exchange mass spectrometry for speciation of oxygen-containing compounds. Anal Bioanal Chem 2016; 408:3281-93. [DOI: 10.1007/s00216-016-9399-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2015] [Revised: 12/30/2015] [Accepted: 02/08/2016] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
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25
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Šala M, Kočar D, Lukežič T, Kosec G, Hodošček M, Petković H. Rapid identification of atypical tetracyclines using tandem mass spectrometric fragmentation patterns. RAPID COMMUNICATIONS IN MASS SPECTROMETRY : RCM 2015; 29:1556-1562. [PMID: 28339151 DOI: 10.1002/rcm.7252] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2015] [Revised: 05/22/2015] [Accepted: 06/11/2015] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
RATIONALE When applying biosynthetic engineering approaches at the early stages of drug discovery, e.g. aiming to develop novel tetracycline analogues, target compounds are generally produced by engineered microorganisms in low yields. Rapid and reliable identification of metabolites with desired structural modification directly from bacterial cultures is therefore of great importance. METHODS Structural elucidation of atypical tetracyclines was carried out by fragmentation applying electrospray ionisation tandem mass spectrometry (ESI-MS/MS) (triple quadrupole - linear ion trap; Applied Biosystems 4000 QTRAP) and a high-resolution mass spectrometer (Agilent Technologies 6224 TOF). Fragmentation patterns were obtained either with direct injection or by applying separation of target compounds with high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) prior to mass spectrometry. In-source and CID fragmentation were compared. Theoretical calculations of target structures using the Gaussian programme suite were carried out with the aim of strengthening experimental structural elucidation. RESULTS Recombinant strains of Amycolatopsis sulphurea producing atypical tetracyclines chelocardin, modified chelocardin analogues (9-demethylchelocardin and 2-carboxyamido-2-deacetyl-chelocardin (CDCHD), and anhydrotetracycline (ATC) were analysed by collision-induced dissociation (CID) fragmentation with higher collision energies to yield structurally important fragments which were identified. We have demonstrated that ATC is more prone to fragmentation compared to its epimer, which was further supported by comparison of both structures calculated with ab initio calculations. CONCLUSIONS We have demonstrated that fragmentation patterns of atypical tetracyclines in CID-MS spectra enable rapid structural elucidation of target metabolites produced by cultures of genetically engineered bacteria. This method is of significant importance for early stages of drug development considering that isolation of target metabolites produced at low concentration is challenging. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martin Šala
- National Institute of Chemistry, Hajdrihova 19, SI-1000, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Drago Kočar
- Faculty of Chemistry and Chemical Technology, University of Ljubljana, Aškerčeva cesta 5, SI-1000, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Tadeja Lukežič
- Acies Bio, d.o.o., Tehnološki park 21, SI-1000, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Gregor Kosec
- Acies Bio, d.o.o., Tehnološki park 21, SI-1000, Ljubljana, Slovenia
- Centre of Excellence for Integrated Approaches in Chemistry and Biology of Proteins, (CIPKeBiP), Jamova cesta 39, SI-1000, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Milan Hodošček
- National Institute of Chemistry, Hajdrihova 19, SI-1000, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Hrvoje Petković
- Acies Bio, d.o.o., Tehnološki park 21, SI-1000, Ljubljana, Slovenia
- Instituto de Biomedicina y Biotecnología de Cantabria (IBBTEC), Universidad de Cantabria, CSIC, C/Albert Einstein, 22, 39011, Santander, Spain
- Biotechnical Faculty, University of Ljubljana, Jamnikarjeva 101, SI-1000, Ljubljana, Slovenia
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Acter T, Cho Y, Kim S, Ahmed A, Kim B, Kim S. Optimization and Application of APCI Hydrogen-Deuterium Exchange Mass Spectrometry (HDX MS) for the Speciation of Nitrogen Compounds. JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN SOCIETY FOR MASS SPECTROMETRY 2015; 26:1522-31. [PMID: 26115964 DOI: 10.1007/s13361-015-1166-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2015] [Revised: 04/09/2015] [Accepted: 04/10/2015] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
A systematic study was performed to investigate the utility of atmospheric pressure chemical ionization hydrogen-deuterium exchange mass spectrometry (APCI HDX MS) to identify the structures of nitrogen-containing aromatic compounds. First, experiments were performed to determine the optimized experimental conditions, with dichloromethane and CH(3)OD found to be good cosolvents for APCI HDX. In addition, a positive correlation between the heated capillary temperature and the observed HDX signal was observed, and it was suggested that the HDX reaction occurred when molecules were contained in the solvent cluster. Second, 20 standard nitrogen-containing compounds were analyzed to investigate whether speciation could be determined based on the different types of ions produced from nitrogen-containing compounds with various functional groups. The number of exchanges occurring within the compounds correlated well with the number of active hydrogen atoms attached to nitrogen, and it was confirmed that APCI HDX MS could be used to determine speciation. The results obtained by APCI HDX MS were combined with the subsequent investigation of the double bond equivalence distribution and indicated that resins of shale oil extract contained mostly pyridine type nitrogen compounds. This study confirmed that APCI HDX MS can be added to previously reported chemical ionization, electrospray ionization, and atmospheric pressure photo ionization-based HDX methods, which can be used for structural elucidation by mass spectrometry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thamina Acter
- Department of Chemistry, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, 702-701, Republic of Korea
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Zhang F, Qin W, Zhang JP, Hu CQ. Antibiotic toxicity and absorption in zebrafish using liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0124805. [PMID: 25938774 PMCID: PMC4418659 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0124805] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2014] [Accepted: 03/18/2015] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Evaluation of drug toxicity is necessary for drug safety, but in vivo drug absorption is varied; therefore, a rapid, sensitive and reliable method for measuring drugs is needed. Zebrafish are acceptable drug toxicity screening models; we used these animals with a liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) method in a multiple reaction monitoring mode to quantify drug uptake in zebrafish to better estimate drug toxicity. Analytes were recovered from zebrafish homogenate by collecting supernatant. Measurements were confirmed for drugs in the range of 10-1,000 ng/mL. Four antibiotics with different polarities were tested to explore any correlation of drug polarity, absorption, and toxicity. Zebrafish at 3 days post-fertilization (dpf) absorbed more drug than those at 6 h post-fertilization (hpf), and different developmental periods appeared to be differentially sensitive to the same compound. By observing abnormal embryos and LD50 values, zebrafish embryos at 6 hpf were considered to be suitable for evaluating embryotoxicity. Also, larvae at 3 dpf were adapted to measure acute drug toxicity in adult mammals. Thus, we can exploit zebrafish to study drug toxicity and can reliably quantify drug uptake with LC-MS/MS. This approach will be helpful for future studies of toxicology in zebrafish.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fan Zhang
- National Institutes for Food and Drug Control, Graduate School of Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Wei Qin
- Institute of Medicinal Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Graduate School of Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Jing-Pu Zhang
- Institute of Medicinal Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Graduate School of Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Chang-Qin Hu
- National Institutes for Food and Drug Control, Graduate School of Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
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Lee MS, Huong NL, Hoang NH, Shrestha A, Won Park J. Ultra-High Performance Liquid Chromatography with Electrospray Ionization Tandem Mass Spectrometry for the Determination of Caffeine in Energy Drinks. ANAL LETT 2014. [DOI: 10.1080/00032719.2014.888730] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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29
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Kim SH, Shrestha A, Hoang NH, Huong NL, Park JW. Ultra-Performance Liquid Chromatography with Electrospray Ionization Tandem Mass Spectrometry for the Determination of Ketoconazole in Anti-Dandruff Shampoo. ANAL LETT 2014. [DOI: 10.1080/00032719.2013.874013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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30
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Geis-Asteggiante L, Nuñez A, Lehotay SJ, Lightfield AR. Structural characterization of product ions by electrospray ionization and quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry to support regulatory analysis of veterinary drug residues in foods. RAPID COMMUNICATIONS IN MASS SPECTROMETRY : RCM 2014; 28:1061-1081. [PMID: 24711270 DOI: 10.1002/rcm.6871] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2013] [Revised: 02/14/2014] [Accepted: 02/15/2014] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
RATIONALE Monitoring of veterinary drug residues in foods is often conducted using liquid chromatography/tandem mass spectrometry (LC/MS/MS). Results have high economic stakes for producers, but the ions monitored are usually selected due to signal intensities without structural interpretation. In this study, the ion transitions were characterized by high-resolution mass spectrometry. METHODS The 62 veterinary drugs from the LC/MS/MS method consisted of sulfonamides, β-lactams, phenicols, macrolides, tetracyclines, fluoroquinolones, non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), and corticosteroids. They were individually infused into a quadrupole time-of-flight (Q-TOF) mass spectrometer using electrospray ionization (ESI) operated in positive mode. The MS and collision-induced dissociation (CID) MS/MS spectra for each analyte were obtained for structural elucidation. The Q-TOF instrument was calibrated to obtain a mass accuracy error <5 ppm for the MS and MS/MS spectra. RESULTS The use of high-resolution ESI-Q-TOF-MS for the generation of the MS/MS product ions allowed for the determination of chemical formulae for the analytes, some of which led to new findings. Assigned structures were based on rational interpretation of the most stable possible products with comparison with the scientific literature. In difficult cases, isotopically labeled drugs or hydrogen/deuterium (H/D) exchange experiments were used to help confirm the structures of the product ions. CONCLUSIONS The use of ESI-Q-TOF-MS in this study has allowed structure elucidation of 186 MS/MS product ions previously selected for the LC/MS/MS analysis of 62 veterinary drugs. This serves to reduce the chances of false positives and negatives in the monitoring program, and provides justification and defense in regulatory enforcement actions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucía Geis-Asteggiante
- US Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service, Eastern Regional Research Center, 600 East Mermaid Lane, Wyndmoor, PA, 19038, USA; Cátedra de Farmacognosia y Productos Naturales, DQO, Facultad de Química, UdelaR, General Flores 2124, 12800, Montevideo, Uruguay
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Attygalle AB, Gangam R, Pavlov J. Real-Time Monitoring of In Situ Gas-Phase H/D Exchange Reactions of Cations by Atmospheric Pressure Helium Plasma Ionization Mass Spectrometry (HePI-MS). Anal Chem 2013; 86:928-35. [DOI: 10.1021/ac403634t] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Athula B. Attygalle
- Center for
Mass Spectrometry, Department of Chemistry, Chemical Biology and Biomedical
Engineering, Stevens Institute of Technology, Hoboken, New Jersey 07030, United States
| | - Rekha Gangam
- Center for
Mass Spectrometry, Department of Chemistry, Chemical Biology and Biomedical
Engineering, Stevens Institute of Technology, Hoboken, New Jersey 07030, United States
| | - Julius Pavlov
- Center for
Mass Spectrometry, Department of Chemistry, Chemical Biology and Biomedical
Engineering, Stevens Institute of Technology, Hoboken, New Jersey 07030, United States
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Wang Y, Zhang H, Zhang J, Lu C, Huang Q, Wu J, Liu F. Degradation of tetracycline in aqueous media by ozonation in an internal loop-lift reactor. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2011; 192:35-43. [PMID: 21616591 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2011.04.086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2010] [Revised: 04/02/2011] [Accepted: 04/19/2011] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
The degradation of tetracycline by ozone was investigated in this paper. In the laboratory scale experiments, the effect of major parameters, including pH, gas flow rate, gaseous ozone concentration, hydrogen peroxide concentration and hydroxyl radical scavenger (tert-butyl alcohol) on the degradation of tetracycline was studied. A pseudo-first order kinetic model was used to simulate the experimental results. The results indicated that the tetracycline degradation rate increased with pH, gaseous ozone concentration and gas flow rate. The addition of hydrogen peroxide or hydroxyl radical scavenger had little effect on tetracycline removal, indicating that the direct oxidation of tetracycline by ozone was dominant process and the radical contribution to the tetracycline oxidation could be neglected. The main intermediates were separated and identified as well as the simple degradation pathway of tetracycline was proposed. The COD removal reached to 35% after 90 min reaction. The acute toxicity experiments illustrated that the Daphnia magna mortality reached the maximum after 25 min ozonation and then decreased to zero after 90 min ozonation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Wang
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Wuhan University, P.O. Box C319, Luoyu Road 129#, Wuhan 430079, China
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Hubert-Roux M, Bounoure F, Skiba M, Bozec P, Churlaud F, Lange CM. Fragmentation pathways of metopimazine and its metabolite using ESI-MS(n), HR-MS and H/D exchange. JOURNAL OF MASS SPECTROMETRY : JMS 2010; 45:1121-1129. [PMID: 20690157 DOI: 10.1002/jms.1790] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
Metopimazine (MPZ) is a phenothiazine derivative used to prevent emesis during chemotherapy where few structural analysis of the aforementioned compound have been described in the literature. Thus, this work reports, for the first time, the detailed study of fragmentation pathways of MPZ and its metabolite (AMPZ) using electrospray ionization (EI) with multistage mass spectrometry (ESI-MS(n)) in positive-ion mode. The structures of 21 product ions were identified and their accurate masses were determined using high resolution mass spectrometry (HRMS) experiments. Characteristic product ions of these two phenothiazine derivatives are more particularly displayed along with differences between their relative abundances and their structures checked by H/D exchange experiments.
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A liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry confirmatory assay for the simultaneous determination of several tetracyclines in milk considering keto–enol tautomerism and epimerization phenomena. Anal Chim Acta 2009; 656:72-84. [DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2009.10.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2009] [Revised: 08/28/2009] [Accepted: 10/09/2009] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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35
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Nagy K, Redeuil K, Rezzi S. Online Hydrogen/Deuterium Exchange Performed in the Ion Mobility Cell of a Hybrid Mass Spectrometer. Anal Chem 2009; 81:9365-71. [DOI: 10.1021/ac901736j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Kornél Nagy
- Metabonomics and Biomarkers Group, BioAnalytical Science Department, Nestlé Research Centre, Nestec Limited, Vers-Chez-les-Blanc, 1000 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Karine Redeuil
- Metabonomics and Biomarkers Group, BioAnalytical Science Department, Nestlé Research Centre, Nestec Limited, Vers-Chez-les-Blanc, 1000 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Serge Rezzi
- Metabonomics and Biomarkers Group, BioAnalytical Science Department, Nestlé Research Centre, Nestec Limited, Vers-Chez-les-Blanc, 1000 Lausanne, Switzerland
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36
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Mannargudi B, McNally D, Reynolds W, Uetrecht J. Bioactivation of minocycline to reactive intermediates by myeloperoxidase, horseradish peroxidase, and hepatic microsomes: implications for minocycline-induced lupus and hepatitis. Drug Metab Dispos 2009; 37:1806-18. [PMID: 19505990 DOI: 10.1124/dmd.109.027292] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Of the tetracyclines, minocycline is unique in causing a significant incidence of a lupus-like syndrome and autoimmune hepatitis. It is also unique among the tetracyclines in having a para-N,N-dimethylaminophenol ring. Many drugs that cause autoimmune reactions are oxidized to reactive metabolites by the myeloperoxidase (MPO) system of macrophages. In this study, we showed that minocycline is oxidized to reactive intermediates by MPO/H(2)O(2)/Cl(-), HOCl, horseradish peroxidase/H(2)O(2), or hepatic microsomes. When trapped with N-acetylcysteine (NAC), two adducts with protonated molecular ions at m/z 619 were isolated and analyzed by NMR. One represents attack of the aromatic D ring by NAC meta to the N,N-dimethylamino group, which implies that the reactive intermediate was a quinone iminium ion. The NMR of the other adduct, which was not observed when minocycline was oxidized by hepatic microsomes, indicates that the NAC is attached at the junction of the B and C rings. In the oxidation by HOCl, we found an intermediate with a protonated molecular ion of m/z 510 that represents the addition of HOCl to minocycline. The HOCl presumably adds across the double bond of the B ring, and reaction of this intermediate with NAC led to the second NAC adduct. We were surprised to find that the same NAC adduct was not observed after oxidation of tetracycline with HOCl, even though this part of the tetracycline structure is the same as for minocycline. We propose that one or more of these reactive metabolites are responsible for the idiosyncratic drug reactions that are specific to this tetracycline.
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Werner E, Heilier JF, Ducruix C, Ezan E, Junot C, Tabet JC. Mass spectrometry for the identification of the discriminating signals from metabolomics: Current status and future trends. J Chromatogr B Analyt Technol Biomed Life Sci 2008; 871:143-63. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jchromb.2008.07.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 136] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2008] [Revised: 06/20/2008] [Accepted: 07/01/2008] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
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38
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Xu JZ, Ding T, Wu B, Yang WQ, Zhang XY, Liu Y, Shen CY, Jiang Y. Analysis of tetracycline residues in royal jelly by liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry. J Chromatogr B Analyt Technol Biomed Life Sci 2008; 868:42-8. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jchromb.2008.04.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2007] [Revised: 04/01/2008] [Accepted: 04/13/2008] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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39
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Debayle D, Dessalces G, Grenier-Loustalot MF. Multi-residue analysis of traces of pesticides and antibiotics in honey by HPLC-MS-MS. Anal Bioanal Chem 2008; 391:1011-20. [DOI: 10.1007/s00216-008-2003-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2007] [Revised: 02/11/2008] [Accepted: 02/20/2008] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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40
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Hammel YA, Mohamed R, Gremaud E, LeBreton MH, Guy PA. Multi-screening approach to monitor and quantify 42 antibiotic residues in honey by liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry. J Chromatogr A 2008; 1177:58-76. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2007.10.112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 145] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2007] [Revised: 10/31/2007] [Accepted: 10/31/2007] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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Kamel A, Munson B. Collision induced dissociation studies of alkali metal adducts of tetracyclines and antiviral agents by electrospray ionization, hydrogen/deuterium exchange and multiple stage mass spectrometry. EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF MASS SPECTROMETRY (CHICHESTER, ENGLAND) 2008; 14:281-297. [PMID: 19023146 DOI: 10.1255/ejms.933] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
The collision induced dissociation (CID) mass spectra were obtained for the X(+)-adducts (X=Na(+) or Li(+)) of five tetracyclines, four pyrimidine and three purine derivatives and their fully D-exchanged species in which the labile hydrogens were replaced by deuterium by either gas phase or liquid phase exchange. The CID spectra were obtained for [M + Na](+) and [M + Li](+) and the exchanged analogs, [M(D) + Na](+) and [M(D) + Li](+), and compositions of product ions and mechanisms of decomposition were determined by comparison of the MS(n) spectra of the undeuterated and deuterated species. Metal ions are bound to the base of purine and pyrimidine antiviral agents and dissociate primarily to give the metal complexes of the base [B + X](+). For vidarabine monophosphate, however, the metal ions are bound to the phosphate group, resulting in unique and characteristic cleavage reactions not observed in the uncomplexed system, and dissociate through the loss of phosphate and/or phosphate metal ion complex. The [B + X](+) of these antiviral agents are relatively stable and show no or little fragmentation compared to [B + H](+). The CID of [B + X](+) of guanine derivative occurs mainly through elimination of NH(3) and that of trifluoromethyl uracil dissociates primarily through the loss of HF. For tetracyclines, metal ions are bound to ring A at the tricarbonylmethyl group and dissociate initially by the loss of NH(3)/ND(3) from [M(H) + X](+) and [M(D) + X](+). The CID spectra of [M + X](+) of tetracyclines are somewhat similar to those of [M + H](+). The dominant fragments from the metal complexes of these compounds are charge remote decompositions involving molecular rearrangements and the loss of small stable molecules. Additionally, tetracyclines and the antiviral agents show more selectivity towards Li+ ion than the corresponding complexes with Na(+) or K(+).
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Affiliation(s)
- Amin Kamel
- Department of Exploratory Medicinal Sciences, Pfizer Global Research and Development, Groton Laboratories, Eastern Point Road, Groton, Connecticut 06340, USA.
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42
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Kamel AM, Munson B. Collisionally-induced dissociation of substituted pyrimidine antiviral agents: mechanisms of ion formation using gas phase hydrogen/deuterium exchange and electrospray ionization tandem mass spectrometry. JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN SOCIETY FOR MASS SPECTROMETRY 2007; 18:1477-92. [PMID: 17583534 DOI: 10.1016/j.jasms.2007.05.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2006] [Revised: 05/04/2007] [Accepted: 05/05/2007] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
ESI and CID mass spectra were obtained for four pyrimidine nucleoside antiviral agents and the corresponding compounds in which the labile hydrogens were replaced by deuterium using gas-phase exchange. The number of labile hydrogens, x, was determined from a comparison of ESI spectra obtained with N(2) and with ND(3) as the nebulizer gas. CID mass spectra were obtained for [M + H](+) and [M - H](-) ions and the exchanged analogs, [M(D(x)) + D](+) and [M(D(x)) - D](-), produced by ESI using a SCIEX API-III(plus) mass spectrometer. Protonated pyrimidine antiviral agents dissociate through rearrangement decompositions of base-protonated [M + H](+) ions by cleavage of the glycosidic bonds to give the protonated bases with a sugar moiety as the neutral fragment. Cleavage of the glycosidic bonds with charge retention on the sugar moiety eliminates the base moiety as a neutral molecule and produces characteristic sugar ions. CID of protonated pyrimidine bases, [B + H](+), occurs through three major pathways: (1) elimination of NH(3) (ND(3)), (2) loss of H(2)O (D(2)O), and (3) elimination of HNCO (DNCO). Protonated trifluoromethyl uracil, however, dissociates primarily through elimination of HF followed by the loss of HNCO. CID mass spectra of [M - H](-) ions of all four antiviral agents show NCO(-) as the principal decomposition product. A small amount of deprotonated base is also observed, but no sugar ions. Elimination of HNCO, HN(3), HF, CO, and formation of iodide ion are minor dissociation pathways from [M - H](-) ions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amin M Kamel
- Department of Exploratory Medical Sciences, Pfizer Global Research and Development, Groton Laboratories, Groton, Connecticut 06340, USA.
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43
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O’Connor S, Aga DS. Analysis of tetracycline antibiotics in soil: Advances in extraction, clean-up, and quantification. Trends Analyt Chem 2007. [DOI: 10.1016/j.trac.2007.02.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 95] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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44
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Hoffmann M, DeMaio W, Jordan RA, Talaat R, Harper D, Speth J, Scatina J. Metabolism, excretion, and pharmacokinetics of [14C]tigecycline, a first-in-class glycylcycline antibiotic, after intravenous infusion to healthy male subjects. Drug Metab Dispos 2007; 35:1543-53. [PMID: 17537869 DOI: 10.1124/dmd.107.015735] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Tigecycline, a novel, first-in-class glycylcycline antibiotic, has been approved for the treatment of complicated intra-abdominal infections and complicated skin and skin structure infections. The pharmacokinetics, metabolism, and excretion of [(14)C]tigecycline were examined in healthy male volunteers. Tigecycline has been shown to bind to bone; thus, to minimize the amount of radioactivity binding to bone and to maximize the recovery of radioactivity, tigecycline was administered intravenously (30-min infusion) as a single 100-mg dose, followed by six 50-mg doses, every 12 h, with the last dose being [(14)C]tigecycline (50 microCi). After the final dose, the pharmacokinetics of tigecycline in serum showed a long half-life (55.8 h) and a large volume of distribution (21.0 l/kg), whereas radioactivity in serum had a shorter half-life (6.9 h) and a smaller volume of distribution (3.3 l/kg). The major route of elimination was feces, containing 59% of the radioactive dose, whereas urine contained 32%. Unchanged tigecycline was the predominant drug-related compound in serum, urine, and feces. The major metabolic pathways identified were glucuronidation of tigecycline and amide hydrolysis followed by N-acetylation to form N-acetyl-9-aminominocycline. The glucuronide metabolites accounted for 5 to 20% of serum radioactivity, and approximately 9% of the dose was excreted as glucuronide conjugates within 48 h. Concentrations of N-acetyl-9-aminominocycline were approximately 6.5% and 11% of the tigecycline concentrations in serum and urine, respectively. Excretion of unchanged tigecycline into feces was the primary route of elimination, and the secondary elimination pathways were renal excretion of unchanged drug and metabolism to glucuronide conjugates and N-acetyl-9-aminominocycline.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew Hoffmann
- Department of Biotransformation, Wyeth Research, 500 Arcola Road/S3226, Collegeville, PA 19426, USA.
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Dalmázio I, Almeida MO, Augusti R, Alves TMA. Monitoring the degradation of tetracycline by ozone in aqueous medium via atmospheric pressure ionization mass spectrometry. JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN SOCIETY FOR MASS SPECTROMETRY 2007; 18:679-87. [PMID: 17234428 DOI: 10.1016/j.jasms.2006.12.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2006] [Revised: 11/30/2006] [Accepted: 12/03/2006] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
The degradation of tetracycline (1) by ozone in aqueous solution was investigated. High performance liquid chromatography (HPLC), UV-visible spectroscopy (UV-Vis), and total organic carbon (TOC) analyses revealed that although tetracycline was quickly consumed under this oxidative condition, it did not mineralize at all. Continuous monitoring by electrospray ionization mass spectrometry in the positive ion mode, ESI(+)-MS, revealed that tetracycline (1), detected in its protonated form ([1 + H]+) of m/z 445, reacted to yield almost exclusively two unprecedented oxidation products (2 and 3) via a net insertion of one and two oxygen atoms, respectively. Compound 2, suggested to be formed via an initial 1,3-dipolar cycloaddition of ozone at the C11a-C12 double-bond of 1, and Compound 3, proposed to be produced via a subsequent ozone attack at the C2-C3 double-bond of 2, were detected in their protonated forms in the ESI(+)-MS, i.e., [2 + H]+ of m/z 461 and [3 + H]+ of m/z 477, and were further characterized by ESI(+)-MS(n). LC-APCI(+)-MS (liquid chromatography coupled with atmospheric pressure chemical ionization mass spectrometry in the positive ion mode) experiments corroborated the results.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ilza Dalmázio
- Departamento de Química, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
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O’Connor S, Locke J, Aga DS. Addressing the challenges of tetracycline analysis in soil: extraction, clean-up, and matrix effects in LC-MS. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2007; 9:1254-62. [DOI: 10.1039/b711731k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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47
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Shao B, Jia X, Wu Y, Hu J, Tu X, Zhang J. Multi-class confirmatory method for analyzing trace levels of tetracyline and quinolone antibiotics in pig tissues by ultra-performance liquid chromatography coupled with tandem mass spectrometry. RAPID COMMUNICATIONS IN MASS SPECTROMETRY : RCM 2007; 21:3487-3496. [PMID: 17922489 DOI: 10.1002/rcm.3236] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
An ultra-performance liquid chromatography coupled with tandem mass spectrometry (UPLC/MS/MS) method was developed to screen and confirm multi-class veterinary drug residues in pig tissues including pig kidney, liver and meat. Twenty-one drugs of two different classes including seven tetracyclines and four types of quinolones (quinoline, naphthyridine, pyridopyrimidine and cinoline) were determined simultaneously in a single run. The homogenized sample tissues were extracted with EDTA-McIlvaine buffer solution and further purified using a polymer-based Oasis HLB solid-phase extraction (SPE) cartridge. An ACQUITY UPLC BEH C18 column was used to separate the analytes followed by tandem mass spectrometry using an electrospray ionization source. MS data acquisition was performed in the positive ion multiple reaction monitoring mode, selecting two ion transitions for each target compound. Recovery studies were performed at different fortification levels. The overall average recoveries from pig muscle, kidney, and liver fortified with quinolones and tetracyclines at three levels ranged from 80.2 to 117.8% based on the use of matrix-fortified calibration with the coefficients of variation ranging from 2.1 to 17.8% (n=6). The limits of quantitation (LOQs) of quinolones and tetracyclines in different tissues ranged from 0.03-4.50 microg/kg and 0.16-10.00 microg/kg, respectively. The effects of the extraction solvent, SPE cartridge, elution solvent and sample matrix on the analyte recovery as well as the effects of the mobile phase composition and column temperature on the chromatographic behavior were also studied.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bing Shao
- Beijing Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 100013, China.
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48
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Zhou H, Jiang H, Yao T, Zeng S. Fragmentation study on the phenolic alkaloid neferine and its analogues with anti-HIV activities by electrospray ionization tandem mass spectrometry with hydrogen/deuterium exchange and its application for rapid identification of in vitro microsomal metabolites of neferine. RAPID COMMUNICATIONS IN MASS SPECTROMETRY : RCM 2007; 21:2120-8. [PMID: 17546644 DOI: 10.1002/rcm.3070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
The application of mass spectrometry in drug discovery, especially in drug metabolites, is very important. This present paper is at first focused on the elucidation of fragmentation patterns of the phenolic bisbenzyltetrahydroisoquinoline alkaloid, neferine, together with its analogues isoliensinine and liensinine with anti-HIV activities using electrospray ionization tandem mass spectrometry (ESI-MS/MS) and hydrogen/deuterium (H/D) exchange. All title compounds displayed major diagnostic fragments that formed by the cleavage of the C1'--C9' bond resulting in positive group CD, and the loss of 4-ethyl-1-phenol or 4-ethyl-1-methoxybenzene following rearrangements. Their ESI-MS/MS spectra also showed the relatively stable fragment ions formed by the elimination of H2O, CH3NH2, CH3OH, and CH3-N==CH2. Secondly, the metabolites of neferine from dog hepatic microsomal incubations were analyzed and characterized by high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) and data-dependent ESI-MS/MS. Based on fragmentation patterns and compared with their retention times in LC, molecular weights and ultraviolet (UV) absorbances with standard compounds, six metabolites were identified as isoliensinine, liensinine and four novel bisbenzyltetrahydroisoquinoline alkaloids named as 6-O-desmethylneferine, 2'-N-desmethylneferine, 2'-N-6-O-didesmethylneferine, and 6,13-O-didesmethylneferine. All metabolites were desmethyl or didesmethyl products of neferine. The possible metabolic pathways for neferine have been proposed. The results suggest that N-demethylation and O-demethylation are two important metabolic pathways of neferine in dog hepatic microsomal incubations. This is critical for screening and development of phenolic bisbenzyltetrahydroisoquinoline alkaloids with anti-HIV activities such as neferine and its analogues isoliensinine and liensinine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Zhou
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis and Drug Metabolism, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, P. R. China
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Heller DN, Nochetto CB, Rummel NG, Thomas MH. Development of multiclass methods for drug residues in eggs: hydrophilic solid-phase extraction cleanup and liquid chromatography/tandem mass spectrometry analysis of tetracycline, fluoroquinolone, sulfonamide, and beta-lactam residues. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2006; 54:5267-78. [PMID: 16848505 DOI: 10.1021/jf0605502] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
A method was developed for detection of a variety of polar drug residues in eggs via liquid chromatography/tandem mass spectrometry (LC/MS/MS) with electrospray ionization (ESI). A total of twenty-nine target analytes from four drug classes-sulfonamides, tetracyclines, fluoroquinolones, and beta-lactams-were extracted from eggs using a hydrophilic-lipophilic balance polymer solid-phase extraction (SPE) cartridge. The extraction technique was developed for use at a target concentration of 100 ng/mL (ppb), and it was applied to eggs containing incurred residues from dosed laying hens. The ESI source was tuned using a single, generic set of tuning parameters, and analytes were separated with a phenyl-bonded silica cartridge column using an LC gradient. In a related study, residues of beta-lactam drugs were not found by LC/MS/MS in eggs from hens dosed orally with beta-lactam drugs. LC/MS/MS performance was evaluated on two generations of ion trap mass spectrometers, and key operational parameters were identified for each instrument. The ion trap acquisition methods could be set up for screening (a single product ion) or confirmation (multiple product ions). The lower limit of detection for screening purposes was 10-50 ppb (sulfonamides), 10-20 ppb (fluoroquinolones), and 10-50 ppb (tetracyclines), depending on the drug, instrument, and acquisition method. Development of this method demonstrates the feasibility of generic SPE, LC, and MS conditions for multiclass LC/MS residue screening.
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Affiliation(s)
- David N Heller
- Center for Veterinary Medicine, U.S. Food and Drug Administration, Laurel, Maryland 20708, USA.
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Díaz-Cruz MS, Barceló D. Determination of antimicrobial residues and metabolites in the aquatic environment by liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry. Anal Bioanal Chem 2006; 386:973-85. [PMID: 16708197 DOI: 10.1007/s00216-006-0444-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 92] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2006] [Revised: 03/16/2006] [Accepted: 03/17/2006] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Antimicrobials are used in large quantities in human and veterinary medicine. Their environmental occurrence is of particular concern due to the potential spread and maintenance of bacterial resistance. After intake by the organisms, the unchanged drug and its metabolized forms are excreted and enter wastewater treatment plants where they are mostly incompletely eliminated, and are therefore eventually released into the aquatic environment. The reliable detection of several antimicrobials in different environmental aqueous compartments is the result of great improvements achieved in analytical chemistry. This article provides an overview of the more outstanding analytical methods based on liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry, developed and applied to determine antimicrobial residues and metabolites present in surface, waste, and ground waters.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Silvia Díaz-Cruz
- Department of Environmental Chemistry, IIQAB-CSIC, c/ Jordi Girona 18-26, 08034, Barcelona, Spain.
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