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Orimoloye HT, He D, Li T, Janzen C, Barjaktarevic I, Wang X, Hansen J, Heck JE. Alpha-1 antitrypsin deficiency and pregnancy complications and birth outcomes: A population-based cohort study in Denmark. PLoS One 2024; 19:e0296434. [PMID: 38166066 PMCID: PMC10760838 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0296434] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2023] [Accepted: 12/13/2023] [Indexed: 01/04/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Alpha-1 antitrypsin deficiency (AATD) is related to developing lung and liver disease, but no large-scale studies examine its association with birth outcomes. OBJECTIVE We investigated the risk of pregnancy complications and adverse birth outcomes in mothers and children with AATD. METHODS Using a large cohort data of Danish mothers and children with AATD from 1973 to 2013 (n = 2,027,229), with 559 cases (305 mothers and 254 children). We conducted Poisson regression to examine associations between alpha-1 antitrypsin deficiency, adverse birth outcomes, and pregnancy complications in mothers and children. RESULTS AATD was related to term low birth weight [<2500g; Risk Ratio(RR) = 2.04, 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.50-2.79], lowest quartile of abdominal circumference at birth in children of non-smoking mothers (RR = 1.55, 95% CI: 1.14-2.11), delivery via Cesarean-section (RR = 1.59, 95% CI: 1.05-2.40), preterm birth (RR = 1.54, 95% CI: 1.19-2.00) and preeclampsia (RR = 2.64, 95% CI: 1.76-3.94). CONCLUSIONS This emphasizes the need for mothers with AATD to be monitored closely during pregnancy to reduce the risk of adverse birth outcomes. Routine screening for alpha-1 antitrypsin in pregnancy may be considered among mothers with a pulmonary and liver disease history.
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Affiliation(s)
- Helen T. Orimoloye
- Department of Rehabilitation and Health Services, University of North Texas, Denton, Texas, United States of America
| | - Di He
- Department of Epidemiology, Fielding School of Public Health, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, United States of America
| | - Tong Li
- Department of Epidemiology, Fielding School of Public Health, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, United States of America
| | - Carla Janzen
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, United States of America
| | - Igor Barjaktarevic
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, United States of America
| | - Xuexia Wang
- Department of Biostatistics, Florida International University, Miami, Florida, United States of America
| | | | - Julia E. Heck
- Department of Rehabilitation and Health Services, University of North Texas, Denton, Texas, United States of America
- Department of Epidemiology, Fielding School of Public Health, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, United States of America
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Yang M, Chen Q, Mei L, Wen G, An W, Zhou X, Niu K, Liu C, Ren M, Sun K, Xiao Q, Zhang L. Neutrophil elastase promotes neointimal hyperplasia by targeting toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4)-NF-κB signalling. Br J Pharmacol 2021; 178:4048-4068. [PMID: 34076894 DOI: 10.1111/bph.15583] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2021] [Revised: 05/18/2021] [Accepted: 05/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Neointimal hyperplasia (NIH) is the fundamental cause for vascular diseases and vascular smooth muscle cell (VSMC) dysregulation has been widely implicated in NIH. Neutrophil elastase is a potential therapeutic target for multiple diseases. We investigated the role of neutrophil elastase in VSMC functions and injury-induced NIH and explored the therapeutic potential of targeting neutrophil elastase in NIH. EXPERIMENTAL APPROACH VSMCs were used to analyse the effects of neutrophil elastase. Proteomic analysis was used to identify potential neutrophil elastase targets. Artery injury model and neutrophil elastase inhibitor GW311616A were used to investigate the role of neutrophil elastase in NIH. KEY RESULTS TNF-α up-regulated neutrophil elastase in VSMCs through modulating GAPBα/Runx1/CEBPα/c-Myb signalling. Up-regulated neutrophil elastase promoted VSMC migration, proliferation and inflammation. Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) was identified as a target protein for neutrophil elastase in VSMCs and the TLR4/MyD88/IRAK1/TRAF6/NF-κB regulatory axis was shown to be the signalling pathway for neutrophil elastase in VSMC pathology. Importantly, TLR4 inhibition abolished neutrophil elastase-mediated VSMC dysregulation. Injury-induced NIH was significantly reduced in both neutrophil elastase-deficient mice and mice treated with GW311616A. The formation of neutrophil extracellular traps was impaired in injured arteries from neutrophil elastase-deficient mice. Finally, a similar role for neutrophil elastase in human VSMC pathology was confirmed and we observed higher expression levels of neutrophil elastase but lower expression levels of TLR4 in human atherosclerotic lesions. CONCLUSION AND IMPLICATIONS We provide new insight into the molecular mechanisms underlying NIH and identify neutrophil elastase as a potential therapeutic target for vascular disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mei Yang
- Department of Cardiology and Institute for Developmental and Regenerative Cardiovascular Medicine, Xinhua Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Centre for Clinical Pharmacology, William Harvey Research Institute, Barts and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK
| | - Qishan Chen
- Centre for Clinical Pharmacology, William Harvey Research Institute, Barts and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK
| | - Li Mei
- Department of Cardiology and Institute for Developmental and Regenerative Cardiovascular Medicine, Xinhua Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Guanmei Wen
- Guangzhou Municipal and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Protein Modification and Degradation, State Key Lab of Respiratory Disease, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Weiwei An
- Centre for Clinical Pharmacology, William Harvey Research Institute, Barts and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK
| | - Xinmiao Zhou
- Centre for Clinical Pharmacology, William Harvey Research Institute, Barts and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK
| | - Kaiyuan Niu
- Centre for Clinical Pharmacology, William Harvey Research Institute, Barts and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK
| | - Chenxin Liu
- Centre for Clinical Pharmacology, William Harvey Research Institute, Barts and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK
| | - Meixia Ren
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Geriatrics, Department of Geriatric Medicine, Fujian Provincial Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Kun Sun
- Department of Pediatric Cardiology and Institute for Developmental and Regenerative Cardiovascular Medicine, Xinhua Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Qingzhong Xiao
- Centre for Clinical Pharmacology, William Harvey Research Institute, Barts and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK
- Guangzhou Municipal and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Protein Modification and Degradation, State Key Lab of Respiratory Disease, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Li Zhang
- Department of Cardiology and Institute for Developmental and Regenerative Cardiovascular Medicine, Xinhua Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
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Akinaga LMY, Lichtenfels AJ, Carvalho-Oliveira R, Caldini EG, Dolhnikoff M, Silva LFF, Bueno HMDS, Pereira LAA, Saldiva PHN, Garcia MLB. Effects of chronic exposure to air pollution from Sao Paulo city on coronary of Swiss mice, from birth to adulthood. Toxicol Pathol 2009; 37:306-14. [PMID: 19252180 DOI: 10.1177/0192623309332994] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
To explore the hypothesis that air pollution promotes cardiovascular changes, Swiss mice were continuously exposed, since birth, in two open-top chambers (filtered and nonfiltered for airborne particles <or= 0.3 microm) placed 20 m from a street with heavy traffic in downtown Sao Paulo, twenty-four hours per day for four months. Fine particle (PM(2.5)) concentration was determined gravimetrically; hearts were analyzed by morphometry. There was a reduction of the PM(2.5) inside the filtered chamber (filtered = 8.61+/-0.79 microg/m(3), nonfiltered = 18.05+/-1.25 microg/m(3), p < .001). Coronary arteries showed no evidence of luminal narrowing in the exposed group but presented higher collagen content in the adventitia of LV large-sized and RV midsized vessels (p = .001) and elastic fibers in both tunicae adventitia and intima-media of almost all sized arterioles from both ventricles (p = .03 and p = .001, respectively). We concluded that chronic exposure to urban air since birth induces mild but significant vascular structural alterations in normal individuals, presented as coronary arteriolar fibrosis and elastosis. These results might contribute to altered vascular response and ischemic events in the adulthood.
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Karowicz-Bilinska A, Kedziora-Kornatowska K, Bartosz G. Indices of oxidative stress in pregnancy with fetal growth restriction. Free Radic Res 2007; 41:870-3. [PMID: 17654043 DOI: 10.1080/10715760701291647] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
Intrauterine fetal growth restriction (IUGR), the main cause of premature delivery and fetal mortality, has been suggested to involve oxidative stress. We found elevated values of indices of oxidative stress in the blood serum of pregnant women with IUGR: increased levels of malondialdehyde and 4-hydroxyalkenals, decreased activity of alpha-1-antitrypsin and decreased total antioxidant capacity of the serum, with respect to healthy pregnancy. Twenty day treatment with 3 g of l-arginine and 75 mg of acetylsalicylic acid daily resulted in a decrease of the level of lipid peroxidation products and augmentation of alpha-1-antitrypsin activity. This study confirms the occurrence of oxidative stress in IUGR and demonstrates the beneficial effect of arginine/acetylsalicylic acid therapy in reducing oxidative stress in IUGR.
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Ganaha F, Ohashi K, Do YS, Lee J, Sugimoto K, Minamiguchi H, Elkins CJ, Sameni D, Modanlou S, Ali M, Kao EY, Kay MA, Waugh JM, Dake MD. Efficient inhibition of in-stent restenosis by controlled stent-based inhibition of elastase: a pilot study. J Vasc Interv Radiol 2005; 15:1287-93. [PMID: 15525749 DOI: 10.1097/01.rvi.0000141340.67588.4f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE It is proposed that local elastase inhibition could suppress the extracellular matrix (ECM) degradation and subsequent smooth muscle cell migration and limit subsequent in-stent restenosis. This study evaluated the effect of stent-based controlled elastase inhibition on restenosis after stent implantation in a rabbit model. MATERIALS AND METHODS Biodegradable microspheres containing the potent elastase inhibitor alpha-1-antitrypsin (AAT) were prepared. Daily release of AAT from the microspheres was confirmed in vitro. The microspheres were loaded into stents with an abluminal polymer reservoir. Implantation of the stent with AAT microspheres and blank microspheres (control) was performed in the abdominal aortae of six rabbits in each group. After stent deployment, all stents were overdilated to 125% diameter. Stent-implanted arteries were harvested after 7 days (n = 3 each) or 28 days (n = 3 each). To assess the effect of local delivery of AAT, elastase activity and elastin content of the stent-implanted aortae were analyzed. As an endpoint, intima-to-media (I/M) ratio was determined in the 7-day and 28-day specimens. RESULTS Significant inhibition of elastase was confirmed in treated vessels versus controls at 7 days after stent implantation (P < .05). This reduction in elastase activity was sufficient to afford early and late reduction of in-stent neointima. Plaque progression in the 28-day specimens decreased to 67% with elastase inhibition relative to controls (P < .05). CONCLUSION Stent-based controlled release of elastase inhibitor may significantly reduce ECM degradation and might limit in-stent restenosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fumikiyo Ganaha
- Department of Cardiovascular and Interventional Radiology, Program in Human Gene Therapy, Stanford University School of Medicine, 300 Pasteur Drive, H3648, Stanford, California 94305, USA
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Song S, Goudy K, Campbell-Thompson M, Wasserfall C, Scott-Jorgensen M, Wang J, Tang Q, Crawford JM, Ellis TM, Atkinson MA, Flotte TR. Recombinant adeno-associated virus-mediated alpha-1 antitrypsin gene therapy prevents type I diabetes in NOD mice. Gene Ther 2004; 11:181-6. [PMID: 14712302 DOI: 10.1038/sj.gt.3302156] [Citation(s) in RCA: 85] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Type I diabetes results from an autoimmune destruction of the insulin-producing pancreatic beta cells. Although the exact immunologic processes underlying this disease are unclear, increasing evidence suggests that immunosuppressive, immunoregulatory and anti-inflammatory agents can interrupt the progression of the disease. Alpha 1 antitrypsin (AAT) is a multifunctional serine proteinase inhibitor (serpin) that also displays a wide range of anti-inflammatory properties. To test the ability of AAT to modulate the development of type I diabetes, we performed a series of investigations involving recombinant adeno-associated virus vector (rAAV)-mediated gene delivery of human alpha-1 antitrypsin (hAAT) to nonobese diabetic (NOD) mice. Recombinant AAV-expressing hAAT (rAAV2-CB-AT) was administered intramuscularly to 4-week-old female NOD mice (1 x 10(10) i.u./mouse). A single injection of this vector reduced the intensity of insulitis, the levels of insulin autoantibodies, and the frequency of overt type I diabetes (30% (3/10) at 32 weeks of age versus 70% (7/10) in controls). Transgene expression at the injection sites was confirmed by immunostaining. Interestingly, antibodies against hAAT were present in a majority of the vector-injected mice and circulating hAAT was undetectable when assessed 10 weeks postinjection. This study suggests a potential therapeutic role for AAT in preventing type I diabetes as well as the ability of AAV gene therapy-based approaches to ameliorate disease effectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Song
- Department of Pharmaceutics, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32610, USA
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Rotmans JI, Velema E, Verhagen HJM, Blankensteijn JD, de Kleijn DPV, Stroes ESG, Pasterkamp G. Matrix metalloproteinase inhibition reduces intimal hyperplasia in a porcine arteriovenous-graft model. J Vasc Surg 2004; 39:432-9. [PMID: 14743149 DOI: 10.1016/j.jvs.2003.07.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The patency of arteriovenous (AV) polytetrafluoroethylene grafts for hemodialysis is impaired by intimal hyperplasia (IH) at the venous outflow tract. IH mainly consists of vascular smooth muscle cells, fibroblasts, and extracellular matrix proteins. Because matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) are enzymes able to degrade extracellular matrix proteins such as elastin and collagen and also stimulate migration of vascular smooth muscle cells, we hypothesized that BB2983 (a broad-spectrum MMP inhibitor) could reduce IH in AV grafts. METHODS In 12 pigs, AV grafts were created bilaterally between the carotid artery and the jugular vein. Six pigs received the oral MMP inhibitor (MMPi), and six pigs served as a control. Four weeks after AV shunting, the grafts and adjacent vessels were excised and underwent histologic analysis. Quantification of elastin content was performed on Elastin von Gieson-stained sections. RESULTS At the venous outflow tract, IH was strongly inhibited after MMPi when compared with the control group (1.02 +/- 0.26 mm(2) vs 2.14 +/- 0.38 mm(2); P =.027). The medial area did not differ significantly. In the control group elastin density decreased compared with nonoperated veins. This decrease was not observed in the MMPi group (nonoperated, 6.3% +/- 0.4%; MMPi, 7.2% +/- 0.7% vs untreated, 3.6% +/- 0.5%; P =.0004). Outward remodeling of the vein was not influenced by MMP inhibition. CONCLUSION MMPi reduces IH formation at the venous outflow tract of AV grafts in pigs, probably by inhibiting elastin degradation. These data suggest that MMP inhibitors might be useful for minimizing IH in AV grafts, thus prolonging patency rates of AV grafts in patients on hemodialysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joris I Rotmans
- Department of Experimental Cardiology, University Medical Center, Utrecht, The Netherlands
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Thai SF, Allen JW, DeAngelo AB, George MH, Fuscoe JC. Altered gene expression in mouse livers after dichloroacetic acid exposure. Mutat Res 2003; 543:167-80. [PMID: 12644186 DOI: 10.1016/s1383-5742(03)00014-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Dichloroacetic acid (DCA) is a major by-product of water disinfection by chlorination. Several studies have demonstrated that DCA exhibits hepatocarcinogenic effects in rodents when administered in drinking water. This chemical does not appear to be highly mutagenic, and the mechanism(s) involved in DCA induction of cancer are not clear. The present work was aimed at identifying changes in gene expression which may indicate critical alterations/pathways involved in this chemical's carcinogenic activities. We used cDNA microarray methods for analyses of gene expression in livers of mice treated with the tumorigenic dose of 2 g/l DCA in drinking water for 4 weeks. Total RNA samples obtained from livers of the control and DCA-treated mice were evaluated for gene expression patterns with Clontech Atlas Mouse 1.2 cDNA and Atlas mouse stress/toxicology arrays, and the data analyzed with AtlasImage 2.01 and one-way ANOVA in JMP4 software. From replicate experiments, we identified 24 genes with altered expression, of which 15 were confirmed by Northern blot analysis. Of the 15 genes, 14 revealed expression suppressed two- to five-fold; they included the following: MHR 23A, cytochrome P450 (CYP) 2C29, CYP 3A11, serum paraoxonase/arylesterase 1 (PON 1), liver carboxylesterase, alpha-1 antitrypsin, ER p72, glutathione S-transferase (GST) Pi 1, angiogenin, vitronectin precursor, cathepsin D (CTSD), plasminogen precursor (contains angiostatin), prothrombin precursor and integrin alpha 3 precursor (ITGA 3). An additional gene, CYP 2A4/5, had a two-fold elevation in expression. Further, in ancillary Northern analyses of total RNA isolated from DCA-induced hepatocellular carcinomas (from earlier reported studies of mice treated with 3.5 g/l DCA for 93 weeks), many of the same genes (11 of 15) noted above showed a similar alteration in expression. In summary, we have identified specific genes involved in the functional categories of cell growth, tissue remodeling, apoptosis, cancer progression and xenobiotic metabolism that have altered levels of expression following exposures to DCA. These findings serve to highlight new pathways in which to further probe DCA effects that may be critical to its tumorigenic activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sheau-Fung Thai
- Environmental Carcinogenesis Division, National Health and Environmental Effects Research Laboratory, Mail Drop 68, US Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, NC 27711, USA.
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