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El-maadawy EA, Bakry RM, Moussa MM, El-Naby SH, Talaat RM. Genetic variation in FOXP3 and ROR-γ genes in pediatric acute lymphocytic leukemia (ALL) patients: correlation with associated cytokines. Discov Oncol 2022; 13:86. [PMID: 36083385 PMCID: PMC9463430 DOI: 10.1007/s12672-022-00549-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2022] [Accepted: 07/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND FOXP3 and ROR-γ genes are master regulators of the Treg and Th17 differentiation, respectively. This work was planned to investigate the impact of FOXP3 (rs3761548C/A and rs3761549C/T) and ROR-γ (rs9017A/G & rs9826A/G) gene polymorphism on the vulnerability of pediatric Egyptians to acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL). Furthermore, we evaluated the impact of these genetic variations on Treg/Th17-related cytokines. METHODS FOXP3 SNPs were genotyped using PCR-based restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP), while ROR-γ SNPs polymorphism were performed by PCR-sequence-specific primer (PCR-SSP). An Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) was used to assess the levels of Treg/Th17 associated cytokines on 128 ALL children and 124 healthy donors. RESULTS Compared to controls, patients had a significant increase (p < 0.01/p < 0.05) in FOXP3rs3761548CC genotype and a significant decrease (p < 0.001/p < 0.01) inrs3761548CA genotype. A significant elevation (p < 0.001/p < 0.01) in ROR-γ rs9017AA genotype and a significant reduction (p < 0.01/p < 0.05) in rs9017AG genotype were detected in ALL patients versus controls. An insignificant change in FOXP3 (rs3761549C/T) and ROR-γ (rs9826A/G) genotypes was demonstrated between both groups. ROR-γ GG and GA haplotypes were significantly decreased (p < 0.05/p < 0.05; p < 0.05/p < 0.05) in ALL subjects compared to healthy ones. Relapsed patients had a significantly higher (p < 0.05/P < 0.05) frequency of FOXP3 rs3761548CA genotype than non-relapsed subjects. ROR-γ rs9017AG and rs9826GG genotypes might be associated with the increase in IL-23 plasma level. CONCLUSIONS Our preliminary data provided evidence for the impact ofFOXP3 (rs3761548C/A) and ROR-γ (rs9017A/G) gene polymorphisms and the occurrence of ALL in Egyptian children. Another large-scale prospective study should be conducted to validate these findings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eman A. El-maadawy
- Molecular Biology Department, Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology Research Institute (GEBRI], University of Sadat City, El Sadat City, Egypt
| | - Rania M. Bakry
- South Egypt Cancer Institute, Assiut University, Assiut, Egypt
| | - Mohamed M. Moussa
- Clinical Hematology and Bone Marrow Transplantation, Ain-Shams University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Sobhy Hasab El-Naby
- Zoology Department, Faculty of Science, Menoufiya University, Menoufiya, Egypt
| | - Roba M. Talaat
- Molecular Biology Department, Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology Research Institute (GEBRI], University of Sadat City, El Sadat City, Egypt
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2
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Guan B, Xu T, Zhao Y, Li Y, Dong X. A random grouping-based self-regulating artificial bee colony algorithm for interactive feature detection. Knowl Based Syst 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.knosys.2022.108434] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
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3
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Martin LJ, Meng Q, Blencowe M, Lagarrigue S, Xiao S, Pan C, Wier J, Temple WC, Devaskar SU, Lusis AJ, Yang X. Maternal High-Protein and Low-Protein Diets Perturb Hypothalamus and Liver Transcriptome and Metabolic Homeostasis in Adult Mouse Offspring. Front Genet 2018; 9:642. [PMID: 30619467 PMCID: PMC6297185 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2018.00642] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2018] [Accepted: 11/27/2018] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Early life nutritional imbalances are risk factors for metabolic dysfunctions in adulthood, but the long term effects of perinatal exposure to high versus low protein diets are not completely understood. We exposed C57BL/6J offspring to a high protein/low carbohydrate (HP/LC) or low protein/high carbohydrate (LP/HC) diet during gestation and lactation, and measured metabolic phenotypes between birth and 10 months of age in male offspring. Perinatal HP/LC and LP/HC exposures resulted in a decreased ability to clear glucose in the offspring, with reduced baseline insulin and glucose concentrations in the LP/HC group and a reduced insulin response post-glucose challenge in the HP/LC group. The LP/HC diet group also showed reduced birth and weanling weights, whereas the HP/LC offspring displayed increased weanling weight with increased adiposity beyond 5 months of age. Gene expression profiling of hypothalamus and liver revealed alterations in diverse molecular pathways by both diets. Specifically, hypothalamic transcriptome and pathway analyses demonstrated perturbations of MAPK and hedgehog signaling, processes associated with neural restructuring and transmission, and phosphate metabolism by perinatal protein imbalances. Liver transcriptomics revealed changes in purine and phosphate metabolism, hedgehog signaling, and circadian rhythm pathways. Our results indicate maternal protein imbalances perturbing molecular pathways in central and peripheral metabolic tissues, thereby predisposing the male offspring to metabolic dysfunctions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lisa J Martin
- Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiology, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | - Qingying Meng
- Department of Integrative Biology and Physiology, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | - Montgomery Blencowe
- Department of Integrative Biology and Physiology, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | | | - Sheila Xiao
- Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiology, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | - Calvin Pan
- Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiology, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | - Julian Wier
- Department of Integrative Biology and Physiology, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | - William C Temple
- Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiology, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | - Sherin U Devaskar
- Department of Pediatrics, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | - Aldons J Lusis
- Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiology, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, United States.,Department of Human Genetics, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, United States.,Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Molecular Genetics, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | - Xia Yang
- Department of Integrative Biology and Physiology, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, United States
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Lin E, Kuo PH, Liu YL, Yang AC, Kao CF, Tsai SJ. Effects of circadian clock genes and health-related behavior on metabolic syndrome in a Taiwanese population: Evidence from association and interaction analysis. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0173861. [PMID: 28296937 PMCID: PMC5352001 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0173861] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2016] [Accepted: 02/28/2017] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Increased risk of developing metabolic syndrome (MetS) has been associated with the circadian clock genes. In this study, we assessed whether 29 circadian clock-related genes (including ADCYAP1, ARNTL, ARNTL2, BHLHE40, CLOCK, CRY1, CRY2, CSNK1D, CSNK1E, GSK3B, HCRTR2, KLF10, NFIL3, NPAS2, NR1D1, NR1D2, PER1, PER2, PER3, REV1, RORA, RORB, RORC, SENP3, SERPINE1, TIMELESS, TIPIN, VIP, and VIPR2) are associated with MetS and its individual components independently and/or through complex interactions in a Taiwanese population. We also analyzed the interactions between environmental factors and these genes in influencing MetS and its individual components. A total of 3,000 Taiwanese subjects from the Taiwan Biobank were assessed in this study. Metabolic traits such as waist circumference, triglyceride, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, systolic and diastolic blood pressure, and fasting glucose were measured. Our data showed a nominal association of MetS with several single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in five key circadian clock genes including ARNTL, GSK3B, PER3, RORA, and RORB; but none of these SNPs persisted significantly after performing Bonferroni correction. Moreover, we identified the effect of GSK3B rs2199503 on high fasting glucose (P = 0.0002). Additionally, we found interactions among the ARNTL rs10832020, GSK3B rs2199503, PER3 rs10746473, RORA rs8034880, and RORB rs972902 SNPs influenced MetS (P < 0.001 ~ P = 0.002). Finally, we investigated the influence of interactions between ARNTL rs10832020, GSK3B rs2199503, PER3 rs10746473, and RORB rs972902 with environmental factors such as alcohol consumption, smoking status, and physical activity on MetS and its individual components (P < 0.001 ~ P = 0.002). Our study indicates that circadian clock genes such as ARNTL, GSK3B, PER3, RORA, and RORB genes may contribute to the risk of MetS independently as well as through gene-gene and gene-environment interactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eugene Lin
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
- Vita Genomics, Inc., Taipei, Taiwan
- TickleFish Systems Corporation, Seattle, Western Australia, United States of America
- * E-mail: (EL); (SJT)
| | - Po-Hsiu Kuo
- Department of Public Health, Institute of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Li Liu
- Center for Neuropsychiatric Research, National Health Research Institutes, Miaoli County, Taiwan
| | - Albert C. Yang
- Department of Psychiatry, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
- Division of Psychiatry, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chung-Feng Kao
- Department of Agronomy, College of Agriculture & Natural Resources, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Shih-Jen Tsai
- Department of Psychiatry, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
- Division of Psychiatry, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan
- * E-mail: (EL); (SJT)
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Paradowska-Gorycka A, Stypinska B, Pawlik A, Romanowska-Prochnicka K, Haladyj E, Manczak M, Olesinska M. RORC2 Genetic Variants and Serum Levels in Patients with Rheumatoid Arthritis. Int J Mol Sci 2016; 17:488. [PMID: 27043554 PMCID: PMC4848944 DOI: 10.3390/ijms17040488] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2016] [Revised: 03/17/2016] [Accepted: 03/21/2016] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: In the present study, we aimed to evaluate whether polymorphisms within the RORc2 gene are involved in the risk and severity of rheumatoid arthritis (RA). Methods: 591 RA patients and 341 healthy individuals were examined for RORc2 gene polymorphisms. Serum retinoic acid receptor-related orphan receptor C (RORc) levels were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Results: The rs9826 A/G, rs12045886 T/C and rs9017 G/A RORc2 gene SNPs show no significant differences in the proportion of cases and control. Overall, rs9826 and rs9017 were in high linkage disequilibrium (LD) with D’ = 0.952 and r2 = 0.874, except rs9826 and rs12045886; and rs12045886 and rs9017 in weak LD. The genotype–phenotype analysis showed a significant association between RORc2 rs9826 A/G and rs9017 G/A single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) and median of C-reactive protein (CRP). Serum RORc levels was higher in RA patients with rs9826AA, rs12045886TT and -TC, and rs9017AA genotypes compared to healthy subjects with the same genotypes (p = 0.02, p = 0.04 and p = 0.01, respectively). Moreover, the median of RORc protein level was higher in RA patients with number of swollen joints bigger then 3 (p = 0.04) and with Health Assessment Questionnaires (HAQ) score bigger then 1.5 (0.049). Conclusions: Current findings indicated that the RORc2 genetic polymorphism and the RORc2 protein level may be associated with severity of RA in the Polish population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Agnieszka Paradowska-Gorycka
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, National Institute of Geriatrics, Rheumatology and Rehabilitation, Spartańska 1, 02-637 Warsaw, Poland.
| | - Barbara Stypinska
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, National Institute of Geriatrics, Rheumatology and Rehabilitation, Spartańska 1, 02-637 Warsaw, Poland.
| | - Andrzej Pawlik
- Department of Pharmacology, Pomeranian Medical University, 70-111 Szczecin, Poland.
| | - Katarzyna Romanowska-Prochnicka
- Department of Connective Tissue Diseases, National Institute of Geriatrics, Rheumatology and Rehabilitation, 02-637 Warsaw, Poland.
| | - Ewa Haladyj
- Department of Connective Tissue Diseases, National Institute of Geriatrics, Rheumatology and Rehabilitation, 02-637 Warsaw, Poland.
| | - Malgorzata Manczak
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Promotion, National Institute of Geriatrics, Rheumatology and Rehabilitation, 02-637 Warsaw, Poland.
| | - Marzena Olesinska
- Department of Connective Tissue Diseases, National Institute of Geriatrics, Rheumatology and Rehabilitation, 02-637 Warsaw, Poland.
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6
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Takatsuji Y, Wakabayashi R, Sakakura T, Haruyama T. A “Swingable” straight-chain affinity molecule immobilized on a semi-conductor electrode for photo-excited current-based molecular sensing. Electrochim Acta 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.electacta.2015.08.111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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Ratajewski M, Walczak-Drzewiecka A, Sałkowska A, Dastych J. Upstream Stimulating Factors Regulate the Expression of RORγT in Human Lymphocytes. THE JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY 2012; 189:3034-42. [DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.1200519] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
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8
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Yang YL, Xiang RL, Yang C, Liu XJ, Shen WJ, Zuo J, Chang YS, Fang FD. Gene expression profile of human skeletal muscle and adipose tissue of Chinese Han patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. BIOMEDICAL AND ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES : BES 2009; 22:359-368. [PMID: 20163059 DOI: 10.1016/s0895-3988(10)60012-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To study the differential patterns of gene expression in skeletal muscle and adipose tissue between type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) patients and healthy subjects using DNA microarray analysis. METHODS T2DM patiens were divided into female group, young male group and old male group. DNA microarray analysis and quantitative real-time PCR were carried out to analyze the relation between gene expressions and T2DM. RESULTS The mRNA expression of 298, 578, and 350 genes was changed in the skeletal muscle of diabetes mellitus patients compared with control subjects. The 1320, 1143, and 2847 genes were modified in adipose tissue of the three groups. Among the genes surveyed, the change of 25 and 39 gene transcripts in skeletal muscle and adipose tissue was > or = 2 folds. These differentially expressed genes were classified into 15 categories according to their functions. CONCLUSION New genes are found and T2DM can be prevented or cured.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan-Li Yang
- Department of Internal Medicine, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Peking Union Medical College & Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing 100730, China
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9
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Hasstedt SJ, Chu WS, Das SK, Wang H, Elbein SC. Type 2 diabetes susceptibility genes on chromosome 1q21-24. Ann Hum Genet 2008; 72:163-9. [PMID: 18269685 DOI: 10.1111/j.1469-1809.2007.00416.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Type 2 diabetes (T2D) has been linked to chromosome 1q21-24 in multiple samples, including a Utah family sample. Variants in 13 of the numerous candidate genes in the 1q region were tested for association with T2D in a Utah case-control sample. The most promising, 19 variants in 6 candidates, were genotyped on the Utah family sample. Herein, we tested the 19 variants individually and in pairs for an effect on T2D risk in family members using a logistic regression model that accounted for gender, age, and BMI and attributed residual genetic effects to a polygenic component. Seven variants increased risk significantly through 5 pairs of interactions. The significant variant pairs were apolipoprotein A-II (APOA2) rs6413453 interacting with calsequestrin 1 (CASQ1) rs617698, dual specificity phosphatase 12 (DUSP12) rs1503814, and retinoid X receptor gamma (RXRG) rs10918169, a poly-T insertion-deletion polymorphism in liver pyruvate kinase (PKLR) interacting with APOA2 rs12143180, and DUSP12 rs1027702 interacting with RXRG rs10918169. Genotypes of these 5 variant pairs accounted for 25.8% of the genetic variance in T2D in these pedigrees.
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Affiliation(s)
- S J Hasstedt
- Department of Human Genetics, University of Utah, 15 N. 2030 E., Salt Lake City, UT 84112, USA.
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10
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Elbein SC. Evaluation of polymorphisms known to contribute to risk for diabetes in African and African-American populations. Curr Opin Clin Nutr Metab Care 2007; 10:415-9. [PMID: 17563458 DOI: 10.1097/mco.0b013e3281e2c99a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW Populations of direct African ancestry have much greater genetic diversity than do other populations. African-American populations exhibit twice the prevalence of type 2 diabetes as compared with their Caucasian counterparts. African-American populations are likely to have unique genetic susceptibility to type 2 diabetes. This review addresses current knowledge of susceptibility genes that are shared with other groups and those that are unique to populations of African descent. RECENT FINDINGS When compared with the plethora of Caucasian studies, relatively few studies have been conducted in African or African-American populations. The most exciting findings have been family-based linkage studies, which point to multiple regions that may harbor susceptibility genes. Recent work suggests that the major Caucasian locus, TCF7L2, plays a role in some African-based populations, whereas unique factors remain to be confirmed. SUMMARY Although progress has been made in finding the genetic cause of type 2 diabetes in African and African-American populations, at this time no variant can be considered unequivocally confirmed as a diabetes susceptibility locus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Steven C Elbein
- Medicine and Research Services, Central Arkansas Veterans Affairs Healthcare System, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR 72205, USA.
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Kaput J, Dawson K. Complexity of type 2 diabetes mellitus data sets emerging from nutrigenomic research: a case for dimensionality reduction? Mutat Res 2007; 622:19-32. [PMID: 17559889 PMCID: PMC1994901 DOI: 10.1016/j.mrfmmm.2007.02.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2006] [Accepted: 02/13/2007] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Nutrigenomics promises personalized nutrition and an improvement in preventing, delaying, and reducing the symptoms of chronic diseases such as diabetes. Nutritional genomics is the study of how foods affect the expression of genetic information in an individual and how an individual's genetic makeup affects the metabolism and response to nutrients and other bioactive components in food. The path to those promises has significant challenges, from experimental designs that include analysis of genetic heterogeneity to the complexities of food and environmental factors. One of the more significant complications in developing the knowledge base and potential applications is how to analyze high-dimensional datasets of genetic, nutrient, metabolomic (clinical), and other variables influencing health and disease processes. Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is used as an illustration of the challenges in studying complex phenotypes with nutrigenomics concepts and approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jim Kaput
- Center of Excellence in Nutritional Genomics, University of California at Davis, Davis, CA 95616, USA.
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Abstract
The unbiased approach of genome-wide linkage analysis has shown evidence for linkage of type 2 diabetes mellitus to the chromosome 1q21-25 region in at least eight independent studies. More than 26 candidate genes have already been evaluated, but to date none explain the evidence for linkage in this gene-dense region. Considerable data suggest that multiple genes account for this linkage result. The search for these genes is now the focus of an international consortium of groups reporting linkage of type 2 diabetes to this region of chromosome 1q21-q25.
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Affiliation(s)
- Swapan Kumar Das
- John L. McClellan Veterans Hospital, Endocrinology 111J-1/LR, 4301 West 7th Street, Little Rock, AR 72205, USA
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13
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Abstract
The aim of the present study was to determine the existence of melatonin membrane receptors and to examine the mRNA expression of nuclear orphan receptors in human pancreatic tissue, in an effort to explain differences between type 2 diabetic and metabolically healthy patients. Molecular and immunocytochemical investigations established the presence of the melatonin membrane receptors MT1 and MT2 in human pancreatic tissue and, notably, also in the islets of Langerhans. Results of a calculation model to determine mRNA expression ratios, as well as subjective analysis of immunoreactions, showed elevated MT1 receptor expression in comparison with MT2 expression. mRNA transcript levels of melatonin receptors appeared to be significantly higher in type 2 diabetic patients than in a control group. An upregulation of receptor expression in type 2 diabetic patients was also observed in immunocytochemical investigations. In addition, transcripts of the nuclear orphan receptors RORalpha, RZRbeta, RORgamma and RevErbalpha were detected in human pancreatic tissue and islets. In correlation with membrane melatonin receptors, data indicate increased mRNA expression levels of RORalpha, RZRbeta, and RORgamma in type 2 diabetic patients. Thus, our data demonstrate the existence of the melatonin membrane receptors MT1 and MT2 as well as mRNA expression of nuclear orphan receptors in human pancreatic tissue, with upregulated expression levels in type 2 diabetic patients.
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MESH Headings
- Adult
- Aged
- Base Sequence
- Case-Control Studies
- DNA Primers/genetics
- DNA-Binding Proteins/genetics
- DNA-Binding Proteins/metabolism
- Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2/etiology
- Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2/genetics
- Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2/metabolism
- Female
- Humans
- Immunohistochemistry
- Male
- Melatonin/metabolism
- Middle Aged
- Nuclear Receptor Subfamily 1, Group D, Member 1
- Nuclear Receptor Subfamily 1, Group F, Member 1
- Nuclear Receptor Subfamily 1, Group F, Member 2
- Nuclear Receptor Subfamily 1, Group F, Member 3
- Pancreas/metabolism
- RNA, Messenger/genetics
- RNA, Messenger/metabolism
- Receptor, Melatonin, MT1/genetics
- Receptor, Melatonin, MT1/metabolism
- Receptor, Melatonin, MT2/genetics
- Receptor, Melatonin, MT2/metabolism
- Receptors, Cytoplasmic and Nuclear/genetics
- Receptors, Cytoplasmic and Nuclear/metabolism
- Receptors, Retinoic Acid/genetics
- Receptors, Retinoic Acid/metabolism
- Receptors, Thyroid Hormone/genetics
- Receptors, Thyroid Hormone/metabolism
- Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction
- Trans-Activators/genetics
- Trans-Activators/metabolism
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Affiliation(s)
- Elmar Peschke
- Institute of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Halle, Germany.
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14
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Application of nutrigenomic concepts to Type 2 diabetes mellitus. Nutr Metab Cardiovasc Dis 2007; 17:89-103. [PMID: 17276047 DOI: 10.1016/j.numecd.2006.11.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2006] [Revised: 11/27/2006] [Accepted: 11/28/2006] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
The genetic makeup that individuals inherit from their ancestors is responsible for variation in responses to food and susceptibility to chronic diseases such as Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Common variations in gene sequences, such as single nucleotide polymorphisms, produce differences in complex traits such as height or weight potential, food metabolism, food-gene interactions, and disease susceptibilities. Nutritional genomics, or nutrigenomics, is the study of how foods affect the expression of genetic information in an individual and how an individual's genetic makeup affects the metabolism and response to nutrients and other bioactive components in food. Since both diet and genes alter one's health and susceptibility to disease, identifying genes that are regulated by diet and that cause or contribute to chronic diseases could result in the development of diagnostic tools, individualized intervention, and eventually strategies for maintaining health. Translating this research through clinical studies promises contributions to the development of personalized medicine that includes nutritional as well as drug interventions. Reviewed here are the key nutrigenomic concepts that help explain aspects of the development and complexity of T2DM.
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Barendse W, Bunch RJ, Kijas JW, Thomas MB. The effect of genetic variation of the retinoic acid receptor-related orphan receptor C gene on fatness in cattle. Genetics 2006; 175:843-53. [PMID: 17151246 PMCID: PMC1800623 DOI: 10.1534/genetics.106.064535] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Genotypes at the retinoic acid receptor-related orphan receptor C (RORC) gene were associated with fatness in 1750 cattle. Ten SNPs were genotyped in RORC and the adjacent gene leucine-rich repeat neuronal 6D (LRRN6D) to map the QTL, 7 of which are in a 4.2-kb sequence around the ligand-binding domain of the RORC gene. Of the 29 inferred haplotypes for these SNPs, 2 have a combined frequency of 54.6% while the top 5 haplotypes have a combined frequency of 85.3%. The average D' value of linkage disequilibrium was 0.92 although the average r2 was a low 0.18. The RORC:g.3290T>G SNP had the strongest association with marbling. The inferred haplotypes were significantly associated with marbling and the difference between the most divergent haplotypes was 0.35 sigma(p) of marbling and 0.28 sigma(p) of rump fat, explaining the previously reported QTL effect. cDNA for RORC were sequenced and 2 new alternative transcripts were found. Fetal tissue shows 40 times greater transcription of RORC than adult tissue. The highest expression in fetal tissue was found in liver and kidney, but in adults the longissimus muscle had the greatest expression of the tissues tested.
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Affiliation(s)
- W Barendse
- CSIRO Livestock Industries, Queensland Bioscience Precinct, Saint Lucia, Queensland 4067, Australia.
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Schiekofer S, Galasso G, Sato K, Kraus BJ, Walsh K. Impaired revascularization in a mouse model of type 2 diabetes is associated with dysregulation of a complex angiogenic-regulatory network. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 2005; 25:1603-9. [PMID: 15920034 DOI: 10.1161/01.atv.0000171994.89106.ca] [Citation(s) in RCA: 95] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Diabetes is a risk factor for the development of cardiovascular diseases associated with impaired angiogenesis or increased endothelial cell apoptosis. METHODS AND RESULTS Here it is shown that angiogenic repair of ischemic hindlimbs was impaired in Lepr(db/db) mice, a leptin receptor-deficient model of diabetes, compared with wild-type (WT) C57BL/6 mice, as evaluated by laser Doppler flow and capillary density analyses. To identify molecular targets associated with this disease process, hindlimb cDNA expression profiles were created from adductor muscle of Lepr(db/db) and WT mice before and after hindlimb ischemia using Affymetrix GeneChip Mouse Expression Set microarrays. The expression patterns of numerous angiogenesis-related proteins were altered in Lepr(db/db) versus WT mice after ischemic injury. These transcripts included neuropilin-1, vascular endothelial growth factor-A, placental growth factor, elastin, and matrix metalloproteinases implicated in blood vessel growth and maintenance of vessel wall integrity. CONCLUSIONS These data illustrate that impaired ischemia-induced neovascularization in type 2 diabetes is associated with the dysregulation of a complex angiogenesis-regulatory network.
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MESH Headings
- Animals
- Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2/genetics
- Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2/metabolism
- Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2/physiopathology
- Diabetic Angiopathies/genetics
- Diabetic Angiopathies/metabolism
- Diabetic Angiopathies/physiopathology
- Disease Models, Animal
- Elastin/genetics
- Gene Expression Profiling
- Hindlimb/blood supply
- Ischemia/genetics
- Ischemia/metabolism
- Ischemia/physiopathology
- Leptin/genetics
- Mice
- Mice, Inbred C57BL
- Mice, Mutant Strains
- Microcirculation/physiology
- Muscle, Skeletal/blood supply
- Muscle, Skeletal/physiology
- Neovascularization, Physiologic/genetics
- Neuropilin-1/genetics
- Oligonucleotide Array Sequence Analysis
- Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction
- Transcription, Genetic/physiology
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephan Schiekofer
- Molecular Cardiology/Whitaker Cardiovascular Institute, Boston University School of Medicine, 715 Albany St, W611 Boston, MA 02118, USA
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Suh Y, Vijg J. SNP discovery in associating genetic variation with human disease phenotypes. Mutat Res 2005; 573:41-53. [PMID: 15829236 DOI: 10.1016/j.mrfmmm.2005.01.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 127] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2004] [Revised: 01/10/2005] [Accepted: 01/11/2005] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
With the completion of the human genome project, attention is now rapidly shifting towards the study of individual genetic variation. The most abundant source of genetic variation in the human genome is represented by single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs), which can account for heritable inter-individual differences in complex phenotypes. Identification of SNPs that contribute to susceptibility to common diseases will provide highly accurate diagnostic information that will facilitate early diagnosis, prevention, and treatment of human diseases. Over the past several years, the advancement of increasingly high-throughput and cost-effective methods to discover and measure SNPs has begun to open the door towards this endeavor. Genetic association studies are considered to be an effective approach towards the detection of SNPs with moderate effects, as in most common diseases with complex phenotypes. This requires careful study design, analysis and interpretation. In this review, we discuss genetic association studies and address the prospect for candidate gene association studies, comparing the strengths and weaknesses of indirect and direct study designs. Our focus is on the continuous need for SNP discovery methods and the use of currently available prescreening methods for large-scale genetic epidemiological research until more advanced sequencing methods currently under development will become available.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yousin Suh
- Department of Physiology, Barshop Institute for Longevity and Aging Studies, University of Texas Health Science Center, 15355 Lambda Drive, San Antonio, TX 78245, USA.
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Das SK, Hasstedt SJ, Zhang Z, Elbein SC. Linkage and association mapping of a chromosome 1q21-q24 type 2 diabetes susceptibility locus in northern European Caucasians. Diabetes 2004; 53:492-9. [PMID: 14747303 DOI: 10.2337/diabetes.53.2.492] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
We have identified a region on chromosome 1q21-q24 that was significantly linked to type 2 diabetes in multiplex families of Northern European ancestry and also in Pima Indians, Amish families, and families from France and England. We sought to narrow and map this locus using a combination of linkage and association approaches by typing microsatellite markers at 1.2 and 0.5 cM densities, respectively, over a region of 37 cM (23.5 Mb). We tested linkage by parametric and nonparametric approaches and association using both case-control and family-based methods. In the 40 multiplex families that provided the previous evidence for linkage, the highest parametric, recessive logarithm of odds (LOD) score was 5.29 at marker D1S484 (168.5 cM, 157.5 Mb) without heterogeneity. Nonparametric linkage (NPL) statistics (P = 0.00009), SimWalk2 Statistic A (P = 0.0002), and sib-pair analyses (maximum likelihood score = 6.07) all mapped to the same location. The one LOD CI was narrowed to 156.8-158.9 Mb. Under recessive, two-point linkage analysis, adjacent markers D1S2675 (171.5 cM, 158.9 Mb) and D1S1679 (172 cM, 159.1 Mb) showed LOD scores >3.0. Nonparametric analyses revealed a second linkage peak at 180 cM near marker D1S1158 (163.3 Mb, NPL score 3.88, P = 0.0001), which was also supported by case-control (marker D1S194, 178 cM, 162.1 Mb; P = 0.003) and family-based (marker ATA38A05, 179 cM, 162.5 Mb; P = 0.002) association studies. We propose that the replicated linkage findings actually encompass at least two closely spaced regions, with a second susceptibility region located telomeric at 162.5-164.7 Mb.
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Affiliation(s)
- Swapan Kumar Das
- Department of Medicine, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, Arkansas, USA
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