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Bhagyalalitha M, Handattu Shankaranarayana A, Arun Kumar S, Singh M, Pujar KG, Bidye D, Veeranna Pujar G. Advances in HER2-Targeted Therapies: From monoclonal antibodies to dual inhibitors developments in cancer treatment. Bioorg Chem 2024; 151:107695. [PMID: 39137598 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2024.107695] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2024] [Revised: 07/28/2024] [Accepted: 08/04/2024] [Indexed: 08/15/2024]
Abstract
HER2 receptors, overexpressed in certain human cancers, have drawn significant attention in cancer research due to their correlation with poor survival rates. Researchers have developed monoclonal antibodies like Trastuzumab and Pertuzumab against HER2 receptors, which have proven highly beneficial in cancer therapy. Bispecific antibodies like Zanidatamab and antibody-drug conjugates like T-DM1 have been developed to overcome the resistance associated with monotherapy. Small molecules such as Lapatinib, Neratinib, and Pyrotinib were initially developed for treating breast cancer. However, ongoing research is investigating their potential use in other types of cancer, often in combination with other medications. EGFR/HER2 dual-targeted drugs have overcome drug resistance associated with HER2-targeted monotherapy. This comprehensive review covers the structural characteristics of HER2, the HER family signaling pathway mechanism, recent findings regarding HER2 receptor involvement in various cancers, and diverse HER2-targeted therapies. This information provides a comprehensive understanding of HER2-targeted strategies in the evolving field of cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meduri Bhagyalalitha
- Computer Aided Drug Design Laboratory, Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, JSS College of Pharmacy, JSS Academy of Higher Education and Research, Sri Shivarathreeshwara Nagara, Mysuru 570015 India
| | - Akshatha Handattu Shankaranarayana
- Computer Aided Drug Design Laboratory, Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, JSS College of Pharmacy, JSS Academy of Higher Education and Research, Sri Shivarathreeshwara Nagara, Mysuru 570015 India
| | - Sethu Arun Kumar
- Computer Aided Drug Design Laboratory, Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, JSS College of Pharmacy, JSS Academy of Higher Education and Research, Sri Shivarathreeshwara Nagara, Mysuru 570015 India
| | - Manisha Singh
- Computer Aided Drug Design Laboratory, Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, JSS College of Pharmacy, JSS Academy of Higher Education and Research, Sri Shivarathreeshwara Nagara, Mysuru 570015 India
| | - Karthik G Pujar
- Computer Aided Drug Design Laboratory, Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, JSS College of Pharmacy, JSS Academy of Higher Education and Research, Sri Shivarathreeshwara Nagara, Mysuru 570015 India
| | - Durgesh Bidye
- Computer Aided Drug Design Laboratory, Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, JSS College of Pharmacy, JSS Academy of Higher Education and Research, Sri Shivarathreeshwara Nagara, Mysuru 570015 India
| | - Gurubasavaraj Veeranna Pujar
- Computer Aided Drug Design Laboratory, Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, JSS College of Pharmacy, JSS Academy of Higher Education and Research, Sri Shivarathreeshwara Nagara, Mysuru 570015 India.
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2
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Hu L, Zhang S, Sienkiewicz J, Zhou H, Berahovich R, Sun J, Li M, Ocampo A, Liu X, Huang Y, Harto H, Xu S, Golubovskaya V, Wu L. HER2-CD3-Fc Bispecific Antibody-Encoding mRNA Delivered by Lipid Nanoparticles Suppresses HER2-Positive Tumor Growth. Vaccines (Basel) 2024; 12:808. [PMID: 39066446 PMCID: PMC11281407 DOI: 10.3390/vaccines12070808] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2024] [Revised: 07/10/2024] [Accepted: 07/18/2024] [Indexed: 07/28/2024] Open
Abstract
The human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2) is a transmembrane tyrosine kinase receptor and tumor-associated antigen abnormally expressed in various types of cancer, including breast, ovarian, and gastric cancer. HER2 overexpression is highly correlated with increased tumor aggressiveness, poorer prognosis, and shorter overall survival. Consequently, multiple HER2-targeted therapies have been developed and approved; however, only a subset of patients benefit from these treatments, and relapses are common. More potent and durable HER2-targeted therapies are desperately needed for patients with HER2-positive cancers. In this study, we developed a lipid nanoparticle (LNP)-based therapy formulated with mRNA encoding a novel HER2-CD3-Fc bispecific antibody (bsAb) for HER2-positive cancers. The LNPs efficiently transfected various types of cells, such as HEK293S, SKOV-3, and A1847, leading to robust and sustained secretion of the HER2-CD3-Fc bsAb with high binding affinity to both HER2 and CD3. The bsAb induced potent T-cell-directed cytotoxicity, along with secretion of IFN-λ, TNF-α, and granzyme B, against various types of HER2-positive tumor cells in vitro, including A549, NCI-H460, SKOV-3, A1847, SKBR3, and MDA-MB-231. The bsAb-mediated antitumor effect is highly specific and strictly dependent on its binding to HER2, as evidenced by the gained resistance of A549 and A1847 her2 knockout cells and the acquired sensitivity of mouse 4T1 cells overexpressing the human HER2 extracellular domain (ECD) or epitope-containing subdomain IV to the bsAb-induced T cell cytotoxicity. The bsAb also relies on its binding to CD3 for T-cell recruitment, as ablation of CD3 binding abolished the bsAb's ability to elicit antitumor activity. Importantly, intratumoral injection of the HER2-CD3-Fc mRNA-LNPs triggers a strong antitumor response and completely blocks HER2-positive tumor growth in a mouse xenograft model of human ovarian cancer. These results indicate that the novel HER2-CD3-Fc mRNA-LNP-based therapy has the potential to effectively treat HER2-positive cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liang Hu
- Promab Biotechnologies, 2600 Hilltop Drive, Richmond, CA 94806, USA; (L.H.); (S.Z.); (J.S.); (H.Z.); (R.B.); (J.S.); (M.L.); (A.O.); (X.L.); (Y.H.); (H.H.); (S.X.)
| | - Shiming Zhang
- Promab Biotechnologies, 2600 Hilltop Drive, Richmond, CA 94806, USA; (L.H.); (S.Z.); (J.S.); (H.Z.); (R.B.); (J.S.); (M.L.); (A.O.); (X.L.); (Y.H.); (H.H.); (S.X.)
| | - John Sienkiewicz
- Promab Biotechnologies, 2600 Hilltop Drive, Richmond, CA 94806, USA; (L.H.); (S.Z.); (J.S.); (H.Z.); (R.B.); (J.S.); (M.L.); (A.O.); (X.L.); (Y.H.); (H.H.); (S.X.)
| | - Hua Zhou
- Promab Biotechnologies, 2600 Hilltop Drive, Richmond, CA 94806, USA; (L.H.); (S.Z.); (J.S.); (H.Z.); (R.B.); (J.S.); (M.L.); (A.O.); (X.L.); (Y.H.); (H.H.); (S.X.)
| | - Robert Berahovich
- Promab Biotechnologies, 2600 Hilltop Drive, Richmond, CA 94806, USA; (L.H.); (S.Z.); (J.S.); (H.Z.); (R.B.); (J.S.); (M.L.); (A.O.); (X.L.); (Y.H.); (H.H.); (S.X.)
| | - Jinying Sun
- Promab Biotechnologies, 2600 Hilltop Drive, Richmond, CA 94806, USA; (L.H.); (S.Z.); (J.S.); (H.Z.); (R.B.); (J.S.); (M.L.); (A.O.); (X.L.); (Y.H.); (H.H.); (S.X.)
| | - Michael Li
- Promab Biotechnologies, 2600 Hilltop Drive, Richmond, CA 94806, USA; (L.H.); (S.Z.); (J.S.); (H.Z.); (R.B.); (J.S.); (M.L.); (A.O.); (X.L.); (Y.H.); (H.H.); (S.X.)
| | - Adrian Ocampo
- Promab Biotechnologies, 2600 Hilltop Drive, Richmond, CA 94806, USA; (L.H.); (S.Z.); (J.S.); (H.Z.); (R.B.); (J.S.); (M.L.); (A.O.); (X.L.); (Y.H.); (H.H.); (S.X.)
| | - Xianghong Liu
- Promab Biotechnologies, 2600 Hilltop Drive, Richmond, CA 94806, USA; (L.H.); (S.Z.); (J.S.); (H.Z.); (R.B.); (J.S.); (M.L.); (A.O.); (X.L.); (Y.H.); (H.H.); (S.X.)
| | - Yanwei Huang
- Promab Biotechnologies, 2600 Hilltop Drive, Richmond, CA 94806, USA; (L.H.); (S.Z.); (J.S.); (H.Z.); (R.B.); (J.S.); (M.L.); (A.O.); (X.L.); (Y.H.); (H.H.); (S.X.)
| | - Hizkia Harto
- Promab Biotechnologies, 2600 Hilltop Drive, Richmond, CA 94806, USA; (L.H.); (S.Z.); (J.S.); (H.Z.); (R.B.); (J.S.); (M.L.); (A.O.); (X.L.); (Y.H.); (H.H.); (S.X.)
| | - Shirley Xu
- Promab Biotechnologies, 2600 Hilltop Drive, Richmond, CA 94806, USA; (L.H.); (S.Z.); (J.S.); (H.Z.); (R.B.); (J.S.); (M.L.); (A.O.); (X.L.); (Y.H.); (H.H.); (S.X.)
| | - Vita Golubovskaya
- Promab Biotechnologies, 2600 Hilltop Drive, Richmond, CA 94806, USA; (L.H.); (S.Z.); (J.S.); (H.Z.); (R.B.); (J.S.); (M.L.); (A.O.); (X.L.); (Y.H.); (H.H.); (S.X.)
| | - Lijun Wu
- Promab Biotechnologies, 2600 Hilltop Drive, Richmond, CA 94806, USA; (L.H.); (S.Z.); (J.S.); (H.Z.); (R.B.); (J.S.); (M.L.); (A.O.); (X.L.); (Y.H.); (H.H.); (S.X.)
- Forevertek Biotechnology, Janshan Road, Changsha Hi-Tech Industrial Development Zone, Changsha 410205, China
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Magalhães PL, Nascente EDP, Faleiro MBR, Almeida AMDS, Alves CEF, de Moura VMBD. Immunostaining and gene expression of epidermal growth factor receptors (HER1/HER2) in canine cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma. Res Vet Sci 2024; 177:105363. [PMID: 39053093 DOI: 10.1016/j.rvsc.2024.105363] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2024] [Revised: 06/27/2024] [Accepted: 07/10/2024] [Indexed: 07/27/2024]
Abstract
Cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma (cSCC) is a neoplasm type often diagnosed in dogs. However, studies focused on further investigating its molecular biology, mainly biomarkers to help implementing new therapies, remain scare in the literature. Thus, immunostaining and the gene expression of epidermal growth factor receptors (HER1 and HER2) in canine cSCC presenting different cell differentiation degrees were herein assessed. Thirty-two (32) canine cSCC were selected, classified based on to their cell differentiation degree and subjected to immunohistochemical study to assess HER1 and HER2 immunostaining intensity and distribution. In addition, HER1 and HER2 gene expression was investigated through real-time PCR. Membranous and cytoplasmic immunostaining were observed in both markers. HER2 prevailed in poorly differentiated cSCC; there was positive protein expression correlation between both markers. Mean HER1 gene expression was higher in moderately differentiated, whereas mean HER2 gene expression was higher in poorly differentiated cSCC. Moreover, there was gene expression correlation between markers, regardless of cell differentiation degree. Thus, HER2 protein immunostaining and gene expression were higher in poorly differentiated canine cSCC and it enabled understanding that increase observed in this epidermal growth factor receptor is proportional to this neoplasm's cell differentiation degree in canine species. Results in the current study helped better understanding canine cSCC's molecular biology; however, it is relevant studying other markers aiming to investigate signaling pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paula Lima Magalhães
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, Federal University of Goiás, Goiânia, Goiás, Brazil
| | - Eduardo de Paula Nascente
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, Federal University of Goiás, Goiânia, Goiás, Brazil
| | - Mariana Batista Rodrigues Faleiro
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, Federal University of Goiás, Goiânia, Goiás, Brazil
| | - Ana Maria de Souza Almeida
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, Federal University of Goiás, Goiânia, Goiás, Brazil
| | - Carlos Eduardo Fonseca Alves
- Department of Veterinary Surgery and Animal Reproduction, School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Botucatu, São Paulo, Brazil
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McNabb L, Durr PA, Lunt R, Barr J, Adams TE, Pearce L, Poon LLM, Perera RAM, Demissie GF, Bowden TR. Development and preliminary validation of a MERS-CoV ELISA for serological testing of camels and alpacas. J Virol Methods 2024; 327:114923. [PMID: 38561124 DOI: 10.1016/j.jviromet.2024.114923] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2023] [Revised: 03/04/2024] [Accepted: 03/30/2024] [Indexed: 04/04/2024]
Abstract
This study describes the development and preliminary validation of a new serological assay using MERS-CoV S1 protein in an indirect enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) format. This assay has the advantage of being able to test MERS-CoV serum samples in a PC2 laboratory without the need for a high-level biocontainment laboratory (PC3 or PC4), which requires highly trained and skilled staff and a high level of resources and equipment. Furthermore, this MERS-CoV S1 ELISA enables a larger number of samples to be tested quickly, with results obtained in approximately five hours. The MERS-CoV S1 ELISA demonstrated high analytical specificity, with no cross-reactivity observed in serum of animals infected with other viruses, including different coronaviruses. We tested 166 positive and 40 negative camel serum samples and have estimated the diagnostic sensitivity (DSe) to be 99.4% (95% CI: 96.7 - 100.0%) and diagnostic specificity (DSp) to be 100% (95% CI: 97.2%-100.0%) relative to the assigned serology results (ppNT and VNT) using a S/P ratio cut-off value of >0.58. The findings of this study showed that our MERS-CoV S1 ELISA was more sensitive than the commercial EUROIMMUN ELISA (Se 99.4% vs 84.9%) and comparable to the ppNT assay, and therefore could be used as a diagnostic aid in countries in the Middle East where MERS-CoV is endemic in dromedary camels. The assay reagents and protocol were easily adapted and transferred from an Australian laboratory to a laboratory in the University of Hong Kong. Thus, the results described here show that the MERS-CoV S1 ELISA represents a cheap, rapid, robust, and reliable assay to support surveillance of MERS-CoV in camels in endemic regions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leanne McNabb
- Australian Centre for Disease Preparedness (ACDP), Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation (CSIRO), East Geelong, Victoria, Australia.
| | - Peter A Durr
- Australian Centre for Disease Preparedness (ACDP), Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation (CSIRO), East Geelong, Victoria, Australia
| | - Ross Lunt
- Australian Centre for Disease Preparedness (ACDP), Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation (CSIRO), East Geelong, Victoria, Australia
| | - Jennifer Barr
- Australian Centre for Disease Preparedness (ACDP), Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation (CSIRO), East Geelong, Victoria, Australia
| | | | | | - Leo L M Poon
- School of Public Health, LKS Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, 999077, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of China
| | - Ranawaka Ap M Perera
- School of Public Health, LKS Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, 999077, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of China
| | - Getnet Fekadu Demissie
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Department of Veterinary Epidemiology, Microbiology and Public Health, Haramaya University, Haramaya, Ethiopia
| | - Timothy R Bowden
- Australian Centre for Disease Preparedness (ACDP), Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation (CSIRO), East Geelong, Victoria, Australia
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5
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Yang F, Yan L, Ji J, Lou Y, Zhu J. HER2 puzzle pieces: Non-Coding RNAs as keys to mechanisms, chemoresistance, and clinical outcomes in Ovarian cancer. Pathol Res Pract 2024; 258:155335. [PMID: 38723327 DOI: 10.1016/j.prp.2024.155335] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2024] [Revised: 04/23/2024] [Accepted: 04/27/2024] [Indexed: 05/29/2024]
Abstract
Ovarian cancer (OC) presents significant challenges, characterized by limited treatment options and therapy resistance often attributed to dysregulation of the HER2 signaling pathway. Non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) have emerged as key players in regulating gene expression in OC. This comprehensive review underscores the pivotal role of ncRNAs in modulating HER2 signaling, with a specific focus on their mechanisms, impact on chemoresistance, and prognostic/diagnostic implications. MicroRNAs, long non-coding RNAs, and circular RNAs have been identified as essential regulators in the modulation of the HER2 pathway. By directly targeting key components of the HER2 axis, these ncRNAs influence its activation and downstream signaling cascades. Dysregulated ncRNAs have been closely associated with chemoresistance, leading to treatment failures and disease progression in OC. Furthermore, distinct expression profiles of ncRNAs hold promise as reliable prognostic and diagnostic markers, facilitating personalized treatment strategies and enhancing disease outcome assessments. A comprehensive understanding of how ncRNAs intricately modulate HER2 signaling is imperative for the development of targeted therapies and the improvement of patient outcomes. The integration of ncRNA profiles into clinical practice has the potential to enhance prognostic and diagnostic accuracy in the management of ovarian cancer. Further research efforts are essential to validate the clinical utility of ncRNAs and elucidate their precise roles in the regulation of HER2 signaling. In conclusion, ncRNAs play a crucial role in governing HER2 signaling in ovarian cancer, impacting chemoresistance and providing valuable prognostic and diagnostic insights. The exploration of ncRNA-mediated HER2 modulation offers promising avenues for the development of personalized treatment approaches, ultimately advancing patient care and outcomes in OC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fangwei Yang
- Obstetrical Department, Yiwu Central Hospital, Yiwu, Zhejiang 322000, China.
| | - Lixiang Yan
- Obstetrical Department, Yiwu Central Hospital, Yiwu, Zhejiang 322000, China
| | - Junnan Ji
- Obstetrical Department, Yiwu Central Hospital, Yiwu, Zhejiang 322000, China
| | - Yunxia Lou
- Obstetrical Department, Yiwu Central Hospital, Yiwu, Zhejiang 322000, China
| | - Jinlu Zhu
- Obstetrical Department, Yiwu Central Hospital, Yiwu, Zhejiang 322000, China
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Ujlaky-Nagy L, Szöllősi J, Vereb G. Disrupting EGFR-HER2 Transactivation by Pertuzumab in HER2-Positive Cancer: Quantitative Analysis Reveals EGFR Signal Input as Potential Predictor of Therapeutic Outcome. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:5978. [PMID: 38892166 PMCID: PMC11173106 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25115978] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2024] [Revised: 05/26/2024] [Accepted: 05/27/2024] [Indexed: 06/21/2024] Open
Abstract
Pertuzumab (Perjeta®), a humanized antibody binding to the dimerization arm of HER2 (Human epidermal growth factor receptor-2), has failed as a monotherapy agent in HER2 overexpressing malignancies. Since the molecular interaction of HER2 with ligand-bound EGFR (epidermal growth factor receptor) has been implied in mitogenic signaling and malignant proliferation, we hypothesized that this interaction, rather than HER2 expression and oligomerization alone, could be a potential molecular target and predictor of the efficacy of pertuzumab treatment. Therefore, we investigated static and dynamic interactions between HER2 and EGFR molecules upon EGF stimulus in the presence and absence of pertuzumab in HER2+ EGFR+ SK-BR-3 breast tumor cells using Förster resonance energy transfer (FRET) microscopy and fluorescence correlation and cross-correlation spectroscopy (FCS/FCCS). The consequential activation of signaling and changes in cell proliferation were measured by Western blotting and MTT assay. The autocorrelation functions of HER2 diffusion were best fitted by a three-component model corrected for triplet formation, and among these components the slowly diffusing membrane component revealed aggregation induced by EGFR ligand binding, as evidenced by photon-counting histograms and co-diffusing fractions. This aggregation has efficiently been prevented by pertuzumab treatment, which also inhibited the post-stimulus interaction of EGFR and HER2, as monitored by changes in FRET efficiency. Overall, the data demonstrated that pertuzumab, by hindering post-stimulus interaction between EGFR and HER2, inhibits EGFR-evoked HER2 aggregation and phosphorylation and leads to a dose-dependent decrease in cell proliferation, particularly when higher amounts of EGF are present. Consequently, we propose that EGFR expression on HER2-positive tumors could be taken into consideration as a potential biomarker when predicting the outcome of pertuzumab treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- László Ujlaky-Nagy
- Department of Biophysics and Cell Biology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, Egyetem tér 1, H-4032 Debrecen, Hungary
- HUN-REN-UD Cell Biology and Signaling Research Group, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, Egyetem tér 1, H-4032 Debrecen, Hungary
| | - János Szöllősi
- Department of Biophysics and Cell Biology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, Egyetem tér 1, H-4032 Debrecen, Hungary
- HUN-REN-UD Cell Biology and Signaling Research Group, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, Egyetem tér 1, H-4032 Debrecen, Hungary
| | - György Vereb
- Department of Biophysics and Cell Biology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, Egyetem tér 1, H-4032 Debrecen, Hungary
- HUN-REN-UD Cell Biology and Signaling Research Group, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, Egyetem tér 1, H-4032 Debrecen, Hungary
- Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Debrecen, Egyetem tér 1, H-4032 Debrecen, Hungary
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Odintsov I, Makarem M, Nishino M, Bachert SE, Zhang T, LoPiccolo J, Paweletz CP, Gokhale PC, Ivanova E, Saldanha A, Rudin CM, Lockwood WW, Ladanyi M, Somwar R, Jänne PA, Sholl LM. Prevalence and Therapeutic Targeting of High-Level ERBB2 Amplification in NSCLC. J Thorac Oncol 2024; 19:732-748. [PMID: 38154514 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtho.2023.12.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2023] [Revised: 12/12/2023] [Accepted: 12/16/2023] [Indexed: 12/30/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION ERBB2 amplification in lung cancer remains poorly characterized. HER2 (encoded by ERBB2) is a transmembrane tyrosine kinase capable of ligand-independent dimerization and signaling when overexpressed, and a common cause of HER2 overexpression is ERBB2 amplification. Here, we evaluated the clinicopathologic and genomic characteristics of ERBB2-amplified NSCLC and explored a HER2 antibody-drug conjugate (ADC) therapeutic strategy. METHODS Our institutional next-generation DNA sequencing data (OncoPanel) from 5769 NSCLC samples (5075 patients) were queried for cases having high-level ERBB2 amplification (≥6 copies). Clinical and demographic characteristics were extracted from the electronic medical records. Efficacy of the pan-ERBB inhibitor afatinib or HER2 ADCs (trastuzumab deruxtecan and trastuzumab emtansine) was evaluated in NSCLC preclinical models and patients with ERBB2 amplification. RESULTS High-level ERBB2 amplification was identified in 0.9% of lung adenocarcinomas and reliably predicted overexpression of HER2. ERBB2 amplification events are detected in two distinct clinicopathologic and genomic subsets of NSCLC: as the sole mitogenic driver in tumors arising in patients with a smoking history or as a concomitant alteration with other mitogenic drivers in patients with a light or never smoking history. We further reveal that trastuzumab deruxtecan is effective therapy in in vitro and in vivo preclinical models of NSCLC harboring ERBB2 amplification and report two cases of clinical activity of an anti-HER2 ADC in patients who acquired ERBB2 amplification after previous targeted therapy. CONCLUSIONS High-level ERBB2 amplification reliably predicts HER2 overexpression in patients with NSCLC, and HER2 ADC is effective therapy in this population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Igor Odintsov
- Department of Pathology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Maisam Makarem
- Lowe Center for Thoracic Oncology and Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Mizuki Nishino
- Department of Radiology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Sara Emily Bachert
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky
| | - Tom Zhang
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York; School of Medicine, New York Medical College, Valhalla, New York
| | - Jaclyn LoPiccolo
- Lowe Center for Thoracic Oncology and Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Cloud P Paweletz
- Lowe Center for Thoracic Oncology and Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Prafulla C Gokhale
- Lowe Center for Thoracic Oncology and Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Elena Ivanova
- Lowe Center for Thoracic Oncology and Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Aisha Saldanha
- Lowe Center for Thoracic Oncology and Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Charles M Rudin
- Department of Medicine, Thoracic Oncology Service, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York
| | - William W Lockwood
- Department of Pathology & Laboratory Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Marc Ladanyi
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York; Department of Integrative Oncology, BC Cancer Research Institute, Vancouver, BC, Canada; Human Oncology and Pathogenesis Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York
| | - Romel Somwar
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York; Department of Integrative Oncology, BC Cancer Research Institute, Vancouver, BC, Canada; Human Oncology and Pathogenesis Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York
| | - Pasi A Jänne
- Lowe Center for Thoracic Oncology and Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Lynette M Sholl
- Department of Pathology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts.
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O’Neill CE, Sun K, Sundararaman S, Chang JC, Glynn SA. The impact of nitric oxide on HER family post-translational modification and downstream signaling in cancer. Front Physiol 2024; 15:1358850. [PMID: 38601214 PMCID: PMC11004480 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2024.1358850] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2023] [Accepted: 02/16/2024] [Indexed: 04/12/2024] Open
Abstract
The human epidermal growth factor receptor (HER) family consists of four members, activated by two families of ligands. They are known for mediating cell-cell interactions in organogenesis, and their deregulation has been associated with various cancers, including breast and esophageal cancers. In particular, aberrant epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) and HER2 signaling drive disease progression and result in poorer patient outcomes. Nitric oxide (NO) has been proposed as an alternative activator of the HER family and may play a role in this aberrant activation due to its ability to induce s-nitrosation and phosphorylation of the EGFR. This review discusses the potential impact of NO on HER family activation and downstream signaling, along with its role in the efficacy of therapeutics targeting the family.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ciara E. O’Neill
- Lambe Institute for Translational Research, Discipline of Pathology, School of Medicine, University of Galway, Galway, Ireland
| | - Kai Sun
- Houston Methodist Research Institute, Houston, TX, United States
- Dr Mary and Ron Neal Cancer Center, Houston Methodist Hospital, Houston, TX, United States
| | | | - Jenny C. Chang
- Houston Methodist Research Institute, Houston, TX, United States
- Dr Mary and Ron Neal Cancer Center, Houston Methodist Hospital, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Sharon A. Glynn
- Lambe Institute for Translational Research, Discipline of Pathology, School of Medicine, University of Galway, Galway, Ireland
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Ten Haaft BH, Pedregal M, Prato J, Klümpen HJ, Moreno V, Lamarca A. Revolutionizing anti-HER2 therapies for extrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma and gallbladder cancer: Current advancements and future perspectives. Eur J Cancer 2024; 199:113564. [PMID: 38266541 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejca.2024.113564] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2023] [Revised: 01/10/2024] [Accepted: 01/15/2024] [Indexed: 01/26/2024]
Abstract
Biliary tract cancers (BTCs) encompass a heterogeneous group of rare tumors, including intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (iCCA), extrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (eCCA), gallbladder cancer (GBC) and ampullary cancer (AC). The present first-line palliative treatment regimen comprises gemcitabine and cisplatin in combination with immunotherapy based on two randomized controlled studies. Despite the thorough investigation of these palliative treatments, long-term survival remains low. Moving beyond conventional chemotherapies and immunotherapies, the realm of precision medicine has demonstrated remarkable efficacy in malignancies such as breast and gastric cancers, characterized by notable HER2 overexpression rates. In the context of biliary tract cancer, significant HER2 alterations are observed, particularly within eCCA and GBC, heightening the interest in precision medicine. Various anti-HER2 therapies, including trastuzumab, pertuzumab, trastuzumab-deruxtecan, zanidatamab and neratinib, have undergone investigation. The objective of this review is to summarize the current evidence and outline future directions of targeted HER2 treatment therapy in patients with biliary tract tumors, specially extrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma and gallbladder cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Britte Hea Ten Haaft
- Amsterdam UMC, location University of Amsterdam, Department of Surgery, Amsterdam, the Netherlands; Cancer Center Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Manuel Pedregal
- START Madrid-FJD Phase I Unit, Department of Medical Oncology, Fundación Jiménez Díaz University Hospital, Madrid Spain
| | - Javier Prato
- START Madrid-FJD Phase I Unit, Department of Medical Oncology, Fundación Jiménez Díaz University Hospital, Madrid Spain
| | - Heinz-Josef Klümpen
- Cancer Center Amsterdam, the Netherlands; Amsterdam UMC, location University of Amsterdam, Department of Medical Oncology, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Victor Moreno
- START Madrid-FJD Phase I Unit, Department of Medical Oncology, Fundación Jiménez Díaz University Hospital, Madrid Spain
| | - Angela Lamarca
- Department of Oncology, OncoHealth Institute, Fundación Jiménez Díaz University Hospital, Madrid Spain; Department of Medical Oncology, The Christie NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester, United Kingdom.
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10
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Odintsov I, Sholl LM. Prognostic and predictive biomarkers in non-small cell lung carcinoma. Pathology 2024; 56:192-204. [PMID: 38199926 DOI: 10.1016/j.pathol.2023.11.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2023] [Revised: 11/21/2023] [Accepted: 11/22/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2024]
Abstract
Lung cancer is the most common cause of cancer-related deaths globally, with the highest mortality rates among both men and women. Most lung cancers are diagnosed at late stages, necessitating systemic therapy. Modern clinical management of lung cancer relies heavily upon application of biomarkers, which guide the selection of systemic treatment. Here, we provide an overview of currently approved and emerging biomarkers of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), including EGFR, ALK, ROS1, RET, NTRK1-3, KRAS, BRAF, MET, ERBB2/HER2, NRG1, PD-L1, TROP2, and CEACAM5. For practical purposes, we divide these biomarkers into genomic and protein markers, based on the tested substrate. We review the biology and epidemiology of the genomic and proteomic biomarkers, discuss optimal diagnostic assays for their detection, and highlight their contribution to the contemporary clinical management of NSCLC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Igor Odintsov
- Department of Pathology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Lynette M Sholl
- Department of Pathology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
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11
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Rubin E, Shan KS, Dalal S, Vu DUD, Milillo-Naraine AM, Guaqueta D, Ergle A. Molecular Targeting of the Human Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor-2 (HER2) Genes across Various Cancers. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:1064. [PMID: 38256137 PMCID: PMC10816365 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25021064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2023] [Revised: 01/08/2024] [Accepted: 01/11/2024] [Indexed: 01/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2) belongs to the ErbB family, a group of four transmembrane glycoproteins with tyrosine kinase activity, all structurally related to epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR). These tyrosine kinases are involved in the transmission of cellular signals controlling normal cell growth and differentiation. If this transmission goes awry, it can lead to dysregulated growth of the cell. HER2 specifically can be implicated in the pathogenesis of at least eight malignancies. HER2 positivity quickly became a well-characterized indicator of aggressiveness and poor prognosis, with high rates of disease progression and mortality. After realizing the implication of HER2, it first became investigated as a target for treatment in breast cancer, and later expanded to areas of research in other cancer types. To this day, the most therapeutic advancements of anti-HER2 therapy have been in breast cancer; however, there have been strong advancements made in the incorporation of anti-HER2 therapy in other cancer types as well. This comprehensive review dissects HER2 to its core, incorporating the most up to date information. The topics touched upon are discussed in detail and up to 200 published sources from the most highly recognized journals have been integrated. The importance of knowing about HER2 is exemplified by the groundbreaking advancements that have been made, and the change in treatment plans it has brought to the oncological world in the last twenty years. Since its groundbreaking discovery there have been significant breakthroughs in knowledge regarding the actual receptor, the receptors biology, its mechanism of action, and advancements in tests to detect HER2 and significant strides on how to best incorporate targeted treatment. Due to the success of this field thus far, the review concludes by discussing the future of novel anti-HER2 therapy currently in development that everyone should be aware of.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elizabeth Rubin
- Memorial Cancer Institute, Pembroke Pines, FL 33028, USA; (K.S.S.); (S.D.); (D.U.D.V.); (A.M.M.-N.); (D.G.); (A.E.)
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12
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Tanaka T, Suzuki H, Ohishi T, Kaneko MK, Kato Y. Antitumor activities against breast cancers by an afucosylated anti-HER2 monoclonal antibody H 2 Mab-77-mG 2a -f. Cancer Sci 2024; 115:298-309. [PMID: 37942574 PMCID: PMC10823288 DOI: 10.1111/cas.16008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2023] [Revised: 10/14/2023] [Accepted: 10/22/2023] [Indexed: 11/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Breast cancer patients with high levels of human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2) expression have worse clinical outcomes. Anti-HER2 monoclonal antibody (mAb) is the most important therapeutic modality for HER2-positive breast cancer. We previously immunized mice with the ectodomain of HER2 to create the anti-HER2 mAb, H2 Mab-77 (mouse IgG1 , kappa). This was then altered to produce H2 Mab-77-mG2a -f, an afucosylated mouse IgG2a . In the present work, we examined the reactivity of H2 Mab-77-mG2a -f and antitumor effects against breast cancers in vitro and in vivo. BT-474, an endogenously HER2-expressing breast cancer cell line, was identified by H2 Mab-77-mG2a -f with a strong binding affinity (a dissociation constant [KD ]: 5.0 × 10-9 M). H2 Mab-77-mG2a -f could stain HER2 of breast cancer tissues in immunohistochemistry and detect HER2 protein in Western blot analysis. Furthermore, H2 Mab-77-mG2a -f demonstrated strong antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity (ADCC) and complement-dependent cytotoxicity (CDC) for BT-474 cells. MDA-MB-468, a HER2-negative breast cancer cell line, was unaffected by H2 Mab-77-mG2a -f. Additionally, in the BT-474-bearing tumor xenograft model, H2 Mab-77-mG2a -f substantially suppressed tumor development when compared with the control mouse IgG2a mAb. In contrast, the HER2-negative MDA-MB-468-bearing tumor xenograft model showed no response to H2 Mab-77-mG2a -f. These findings point to the possibility of H2 Mab-77-mG2a -f as a treatment regimen by showing that it has antitumor effects on HER2-positive breast tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomohiro Tanaka
- Department of Molecular PharmacologyTohoku University Graduate School of MedicineSendaiMiyagiJapan
| | - Hiroyuki Suzuki
- Department of Molecular PharmacologyTohoku University Graduate School of MedicineSendaiMiyagiJapan
- Department of Antibody Drug DevelopmentTohoku University Graduate School of MedicineSendaiMiyagiJapan
| | - Tomokazu Ohishi
- Institute of Microbial Chemistry (BIKAKEN), NumazuMicrobial Chemistry Research FoundationShizuokaJapan
- Institute of Microbial Chemistry (BIKAKEN), Laboratory of OncologyMicrobial Chemistry Research FoundationTokyoJapan
| | - Mika K. Kaneko
- Department of Molecular PharmacologyTohoku University Graduate School of MedicineSendaiMiyagiJapan
- Department of Antibody Drug DevelopmentTohoku University Graduate School of MedicineSendaiMiyagiJapan
| | - Yukinari Kato
- Department of Molecular PharmacologyTohoku University Graduate School of MedicineSendaiMiyagiJapan
- Department of Antibody Drug DevelopmentTohoku University Graduate School of MedicineSendaiMiyagiJapan
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13
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Zhang Y. Targeting Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor for Cancer Treatment: Abolishing Both Kinase-Dependent and Kinase-Independent Functions of the Receptor. Pharmacol Rev 2023; 75:1218-1232. [PMID: 37339882 PMCID: PMC10595022 DOI: 10.1124/pharmrev.123.000906] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2023] [Revised: 06/11/2023] [Accepted: 06/13/2023] [Indexed: 06/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR), a receptor tyrosine kinase, is activated by ligand binding, overexpression, or mutation. It is well known for its tyrosine kinase-dependent oncogenic activities in a variety of human cancers. A large number of EGFR inhibitors have been developed for cancer treatment, including monoclonal antibodies, tyrosine kinase inhibitors, and a vaccine. The EGFR inhibitors are aimed at inhibiting the activation or the activity of EGFR tyrosine kinase. However, these agents have shown efficacy in only a few types of cancers. Drug resistance, both intrinsic and acquired, is common even in cancers where the inhibitors have shown efficacy. The drug resistance mechanism is complex and not fully known. The key vulnerability of cancer cells that are resistant to EGFR inhibitors has not been identified. Nevertheless, it has been increasingly recognized in recent years that EGFR also possesses kinase-independent oncogenic functions and that these noncanonical functions may play a crucial role in cancer resistance to EGFR inhibitors. In this review, both kinase-dependent and -independent activities of EGFR are discussed. Also discussed are the mechanisms of actions and therapeutic activities of clinically used EGFR inhibitors and sustained EGFR overexpression and EGFR interaction with other receptor tyrosine kinases to counter the EGFR inhibitors. Moreover, this review discusses emerging experimental therapeutics that have shown potential for overcoming the limitation of the current EGFR inhibitors in preclinical studies. The findings underscore the importance and feasibility of targeting both kinase-dependent and -independent functions of EGFR to enhance therapeutic efficacy and minimize drug resistance. SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT: EGFR is a major oncogenic driver and therapeutic target, but cancer resistance to current EGFR inhibitors remains a significant unmet clinical problem. This article reviews the cancer biology of EGFR as well as the mechanisms of actions and the therapeutic efficacies of current and emerging EGFR inhibitors. The findings could potentially lead to development of more effective treatments for EGFR-positive cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuesheng Zhang
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Medicine, and Massey Comprehensive Cancer Center, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia
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14
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Androutsopoulos G, Styliara I, Zarogianni E, Lazurko N, Valasoulis G, Michail G, Adonakis G. The ErbB Signaling Network and Its Potential Role in Endometrial Cancer. EPIGENOMES 2023; 7:24. [PMID: 37873809 PMCID: PMC10594534 DOI: 10.3390/epigenomes7040024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2023] [Revised: 09/24/2023] [Accepted: 09/26/2023] [Indexed: 10/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Endometrial cancer (EC) is the second most common malignancy of the female reproductive system worldwide. The updated EC classification emphasizes the significant role of various signaling pathways such as PIK3CA-PIK3R1-PTEN and RTK/RAS/β-catenin in EC pathogenesis. Some of these pathways are part of the EGF system signaling network, which becomes hyperactivated by various mechanisms and participates in cancer pathogenesis. In EC, the expression of ErbB receptors is significantly different, compared with the premenopausal and postmenopausal endometrium, mainly because of the increased transcriptional activity of ErbB encoding genes in EC cells. Moreover, there are some differences in ErbB-2 receptor profile among EC subgroups that could be explained by the alterations in pathophysiology and clinical behavior of various EC histologic subtypes. The fact that ErbB-2 receptor expression is more common in aggressive EC histologic subtypes (papillary serous and clear cell) could indicate a future role of ErbB-targeted therapies in well-defined EC subgroups with overexpression of ErbB receptors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Georgios Androutsopoulos
- Gynaecological Oncology Unit, Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, School of Medicine, University of Patras, 26504 Rion, Greece
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, School of Medicine, University of Patras, 26504 Rion, Greece; (I.S.); (E.Z.); (N.L.); (G.M.); (G.A.)
| | - Ioanna Styliara
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, School of Medicine, University of Patras, 26504 Rion, Greece; (I.S.); (E.Z.); (N.L.); (G.M.); (G.A.)
| | - Evgenia Zarogianni
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, School of Medicine, University of Patras, 26504 Rion, Greece; (I.S.); (E.Z.); (N.L.); (G.M.); (G.A.)
| | - Nadia Lazurko
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, School of Medicine, University of Patras, 26504 Rion, Greece; (I.S.); (E.Z.); (N.L.); (G.M.); (G.A.)
| | - George Valasoulis
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Medical School, University of Thessaly, 41334 Larisa, Greece;
- Hellenic National Public Health Organization—ECDC, 15123 Athens, Greece
| | - Georgios Michail
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, School of Medicine, University of Patras, 26504 Rion, Greece; (I.S.); (E.Z.); (N.L.); (G.M.); (G.A.)
| | - Georgios Adonakis
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, School of Medicine, University of Patras, 26504 Rion, Greece; (I.S.); (E.Z.); (N.L.); (G.M.); (G.A.)
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15
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Blasquez L, Bouzinba‐Segard H, Bourdoulous S, Faure C. Ebselen oxide and derivatives are new allosteric HER2 inhibitors for HER2-positive cancers. Mol Oncol 2023; 17:1981-1999. [PMID: 36912768 PMCID: PMC10552892 DOI: 10.1002/1878-0261.13419] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2022] [Revised: 02/07/2023] [Accepted: 03/10/2023] [Indexed: 03/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (ErbB2/HER2) is a tyrosine kinase receptor that is overexpressed in 25% of primary human breast cancers, as well as in multiple other cancers. HER2-targeted therapies improved progression-free and overall survival in patients with HER2+ breast cancers. However, associated resistance mechanisms and toxicity highlight the need for new therapeutic approaches for these cancers. We recently established that, in normal cells, HER2 is stabilized in a catalytically repressed state by direct interaction with members of the ezrin/radixin/moesin (ERM) family. In HER2-overexpressing tumors, the low expression of moesin contributes to the aberrant activation of HER2. Through a screen designed to find moesin-mimicking compounds, we identified ebselen oxide. We show that ebselen oxide, and some derivatives, conferred an efficient allosteric inhibition of overexpressed HER2, as well as mutated and truncated oncogenic forms of HER2, which are resistant to current therapies. Ebselen oxide selectively inhibited anchorage-dependent and -independent proliferation of HER2+ cancer cells and showed a significant benefit in combination with current anti-HER2 therapeutic agents. Finally, ebselen oxide significantly blocked HER2+ breast tumor progression in vivo. Collectively, these data provide evidence that ebselen oxide is a newly identified allosteric inhibitor of HER2 to be considered for therapeutic intervention on HER2+ cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucas Blasquez
- Université Paris Cité, CNRS, INSERM, Institut CochinParisFrance
| | | | | | - Camille Faure
- Université Paris Cité, CNRS, INSERM, Institut CochinParisFrance
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16
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Benhaghnazar RL, Medina-Kauwe L. Adenovirus-Derived Nano-Capsid Platforms for Targeted Delivery and Penetration of Macromolecules into Resistant and Metastatic Tumors. Cancers (Basel) 2023; 15:3240. [PMID: 37370850 PMCID: PMC10296971 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15123240] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2023] [Revised: 05/31/2023] [Accepted: 06/15/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Macromolecular therapeutics such as nucleic acids, peptides, and proteins have the potential to overcome treatment barriers for cancer. For example, nucleic acid or peptide biologics may offer an alternative strategy for attacking otherwise undruggable therapeutic targets such as transcription factors and similar oncologic drivers. Delivery of biological therapeutics into tumor cells requires a robust system of cell penetration to access therapeutic targets within the cell interior. A highly effective means of accomplishing this may be borrowed from cell-penetrating pathogens such as viruses. In particular, the cell entry function of the adenovirus penton base capsid protein has been effective at penetrating tumor cells for the intracellular deposition of macromolecular therapies and membrane-impermeable drugs. Here, we provide an overview describing the evolution of tumor-targeted penton-base-derived nano-capsids as a framework for discussing the requirements for overcoming key barriers to macromolecular delivery. The development and pre-clinical testing of these proteins for therapeutic delivery has begun to also uncover the elusive mechanism underlying the membrane-penetrating function of the penton base. An understanding of this mechanism may unlock the potential for macromolecular therapeutics to be effectively delivered into cancer cells and to provide a treatment option for tumors resisting current clinical therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Lali Medina-Kauwe
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA 90048, USA;
- Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
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17
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Popović M, Silovski T, Križić M, Dedić Plavetić N. HER2 Low Breast Cancer: A New Subtype or a Trojan for Cytotoxic Drug Delivery? Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24098206. [PMID: 37175916 PMCID: PMC10179462 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24098206] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2023] [Revised: 04/23/2023] [Accepted: 04/28/2023] [Indexed: 05/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Despite the great progress made in the understanding of the biological behavior of certain types of invasive breast cancer, there is still no single histological or molecular classification that encompasses such diversity and accurately predicts the clinical course of distinct breast cancer subtypes. The long-lasting classification of breast cancer as HER2-positive vs. HER2-negative has recently come into question with the discovery of new antibody drug conjugates (ADC), which are proven to be remarkably efficient in treating HER2-low breast cancer. The HER2-low paradigm has challenged the traditional understanding of HER2 overexpression and emphasized the need for more robust HER2 testing in order to encompass HER2 intratumoral heterogeneity and spatial distribution more accurately. It is yet to be seen if low HER2 will remain merely a marker of HER2-equipped tumors targetable with ADCs or if distinctive molecular and phenotypic groups within HER2-low tumors will eventually be discerned.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marina Popović
- Department of Oncology, University Hospital Centre Zagreb, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
- School of Medicine, University of Zagreb, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Tajana Silovski
- Department of Oncology, University Hospital Centre Zagreb, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Marija Križić
- Department of Oncology, University Hospital Centre Zagreb, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Natalija Dedić Plavetić
- Department of Oncology, University Hospital Centre Zagreb, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
- School of Medicine, University of Zagreb, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
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18
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Bai JW, Qiu SQ, Zhang GJ. Molecular and functional imaging in cancer-targeted therapy: current applications and future directions. Signal Transduct Target Ther 2023; 8:89. [PMID: 36849435 PMCID: PMC9971190 DOI: 10.1038/s41392-023-01366-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2022] [Revised: 01/19/2023] [Accepted: 02/14/2023] [Indexed: 03/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Targeted anticancer drugs block cancer cell growth by interfering with specific signaling pathways vital to carcinogenesis and tumor growth rather than harming all rapidly dividing cells as in cytotoxic chemotherapy. The Response Evaluation Criteria in Solid Tumor (RECIST) system has been used to assess tumor response to therapy via changes in the size of target lesions as measured by calipers, conventional anatomically based imaging modalities such as computed tomography (CT), and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), and other imaging methods. However, RECIST is sometimes inaccurate in assessing the efficacy of targeted therapy drugs because of the poor correlation between tumor size and treatment-induced tumor necrosis or shrinkage. This approach might also result in delayed identification of response when the therapy does confer a reduction in tumor size. Innovative molecular imaging techniques have rapidly gained importance in the dawning era of targeted therapy as they can visualize, characterize, and quantify biological processes at the cellular, subcellular, or even molecular level rather than at the anatomical level. This review summarizes different targeted cell signaling pathways, various molecular imaging techniques, and developed probes. Moreover, the application of molecular imaging for evaluating treatment response and related clinical outcome is also systematically outlined. In the future, more attention should be paid to promoting the clinical translation of molecular imaging in evaluating the sensitivity to targeted therapy with biocompatible probes. In particular, multimodal imaging technologies incorporating advanced artificial intelligence should be developed to comprehensively and accurately assess cancer-targeted therapy, in addition to RECIST-based methods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing-Wen Bai
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Precision Diagnosis and Treatment in Breast Cancer, Xiang'an Hospital of Xiamen University, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, 361100, Xiamen, China
- Xiamen Key Laboratory of Endocrine-Related Cancer Precision Medicine, Xiang'an Hospital of Xiamen University, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, 361100, Xiamen, China
- Xiamen Research Center of Clinical Medicine in Breast and Thyroid Cancers, Xiang'an Hospital of Xiamen University, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, 361100, Xiamen, China
- Department of Breast-Thyroid-Surgery and Cancer Center, Xiang'an Hospital of Xiamen University, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, 361100, Xiamen, China
- Department of Medical Oncology, Xiang'an Hospital of Xiamen University, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, 361100, Xiamen, China
- Cancer Research Center of Xiamen University, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, 361100, Xiamen, China
| | - Si-Qi Qiu
- Diagnosis and Treatment Center of Breast Diseases, Clinical Research Center, Shantou Central Hospital, 515041, Shantou, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory for Breast Cancer Diagnosis and Treatment, Shantou University Medical College, 515041, Shantou, China
| | - Guo-Jun Zhang
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Precision Diagnosis and Treatment in Breast Cancer, Xiang'an Hospital of Xiamen University, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, 361100, Xiamen, China.
- Xiamen Key Laboratory of Endocrine-Related Cancer Precision Medicine, Xiang'an Hospital of Xiamen University, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, 361100, Xiamen, China.
- Xiamen Research Center of Clinical Medicine in Breast and Thyroid Cancers, Xiang'an Hospital of Xiamen University, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, 361100, Xiamen, China.
- Department of Breast-Thyroid-Surgery and Cancer Center, Xiang'an Hospital of Xiamen University, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, 361100, Xiamen, China.
- Cancer Research Center of Xiamen University, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, 361100, Xiamen, China.
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19
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Wu S, Xu P, Zhang F. Advances in targeted therapy for gastric cancer based on tumor driver genes. Zhejiang Da Xue Xue Bao Yi Xue Ban 2023; 53:73-83. [PMID: 38413217 PMCID: PMC10938109 DOI: 10.3724/zdxbyxb-2023-0522] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2023] [Accepted: 01/23/2024] [Indexed: 02/29/2024]
Abstract
As the understanding of the pathogenic mechanisms of gastric cancer deepens and the identification of gastric cancer driver genes advances, drugs targeting gastric cancer driver genes have been applied in clinical practice. Among them, trastuzumab, as the first targeted drug for gastric cancer, effectively inhibits the proliferation and metastasis of tumor cells by targeting overexpressed human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2). Trastuzumab has become the standard treatment for HER2-positive gastric cancer patients. Ramucirumab, on the other hand, inhibits tumor angiogenesis by targeting vascular endothelial growth factor receptor 2 (VEGFR2) and has been used as second-line therapy for advanced gastric cancer patients. In addition, bemarituzumab targets overexpressed fibroblast growth factor receptor 2 (FGFR2), while zolbetuximab targets overexpressed claudin 18.2 (CLDN18.2), significantly extending progression-free survival and overall survival in patients with gastric cancer in clinical trials. This article reviews the roles of tumor driver genes in the progression of gastric cancer, and the treatment strategies for gastric cancer primarily based on targeting HER2, VEGF, FGFR2, CLDN18.2 and MET. This provides a reference for clinical application of targeted therapy for gastric cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shiying Wu
- College of Food Science and Biotechnology, Zhejiang Gongshang University, Hangzhou 310018, China.
- Key Laboratory of Biosystems Homeostasis and Protection, Ministry of Education, Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory for Cancer Molecular Cell Biology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China.
| | - Pinglong Xu
- Key Laboratory of Biosystems Homeostasis and Protection, Ministry of Education, Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory for Cancer Molecular Cell Biology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China.
- Institute of Intelligent Medicine, Hangzhou Global Scientific and Technological Innovation Center, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 311200, China.
- Life Sciences Institute, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China.
- Cancer Center, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China.
| | - Fei Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Biosystems Homeostasis and Protection, Ministry of Education, Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory for Cancer Molecular Cell Biology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China.
- Institute of Intelligent Medicine, Hangzhou Global Scientific and Technological Innovation Center, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 311200, China.
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20
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Bai X, Sun P, Wang X, Long C, Liao S, Dang S, Zhuang S, Du Y, Zhang X, Li N, He K, Zhang Z. Structure and dynamics of the EGFR/HER2 heterodimer. Cell Discov 2023; 9:18. [PMID: 36781849 PMCID: PMC9925823 DOI: 10.1038/s41421-023-00523-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2022] [Accepted: 01/15/2023] [Indexed: 02/15/2023] Open
Abstract
HER2 belongs to the human epidermal growth factor receptor tyrosine kinase family. Its overexpression or hyperactivation is a leading cause for multiple types of cancers. HER2 functions mainly through dimerization with other family members, such as EGFR. However, the molecular details for heterodimer assembly have not been completely understood. Here, we report cryo-EM structures of the EGF- and epiregulin-bound EGFR/HER2 ectodomain complexes at resolutions of 3.3 Å and 4.5 Å, respectively. Together with the functional analyses, we demonstrate that only the dimerization arm of HER2, but not that of EGFR, is essential for their heterodimer formation and signal transduction. Moreover, we analyze the differential membrane dynamics and transient interactions of endogenous EGFR and HER2 molecules in genome-edited cells using single-molecule live-cell imaging. Furthermore, we show that the interaction with HER2 could allow EGFR to resist endocytosis. Together, this work deepens our understanding of the unique structural properties and dynamics of the EGFR/HER2 complex.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xue Bai
- grid.11135.370000 0001 2256 9319State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology, School of Life Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Pengyu Sun
- grid.9227.e0000000119573309State Key Laboratory of Molecular Developmental Biology, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China ,grid.410726.60000 0004 1797 8419University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Xinghao Wang
- grid.9227.e0000000119573309State Key Laboratory of Molecular Developmental Biology, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China ,grid.410726.60000 0004 1797 8419University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Changkun Long
- grid.11135.370000 0001 2256 9319State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology, School of Life Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Shuyun Liao
- grid.11135.370000 0001 2256 9319Center for Life Sciences, Academy for Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Song Dang
- grid.9227.e0000000119573309State Key Laboratory of Molecular Developmental Biology, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Shangshang Zhuang
- grid.9227.e0000000119573309State Key Laboratory of Molecular Developmental Biology, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China ,grid.410726.60000 0004 1797 8419University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Yongtao Du
- grid.9227.e0000000119573309State Key Laboratory of Molecular Developmental Biology, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China ,grid.410726.60000 0004 1797 8419University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Xinyi Zhang
- grid.9227.e0000000119573309State Key Laboratory of Molecular Developmental Biology, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China ,grid.410726.60000 0004 1797 8419University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Nan Li
- grid.9227.e0000000119573309State Key Laboratory of Molecular Developmental Biology, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Kangmin He
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Developmental Biology, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China. .,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.
| | - Zhe Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology, School of Life Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, China. .,Center for Life Sciences, Academy for Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies, Peking University, Beijing, China.
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21
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Antibody-drug conjugates in lung cancer: dawn of a new era? NPJ Precis Oncol 2023; 7:5. [PMID: 36631624 PMCID: PMC9834242 DOI: 10.1038/s41698-022-00338-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2022] [Accepted: 12/08/2022] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Antibody-drug conjugates (ADCs) are one of fastest growing classes of oncology drugs in modern drug development. By harnessing the powers of both cytotoxic chemotherapy and targeted therapy, ADCs are unique in offering the potential to deliver highly potent cytotoxic agents to cancer cells which express a pre-defined cell surface target. In lung cancer, the treatment paradigm has shifted dramatically in recent years, and now ADCs are now joining the list as potential options for lung cancer patients. Since 2020, the first ADC for NSCLC patients has been FDA-approved (trastuzumab deruxtecan) and two ADCs have been granted FDA Breakthrough Therapy Designation, currently under evaluation (patritumab deruxtecan, telisotuzumab vedotin). Furthermore, several early-phase trials are assessing various novel ADCs, either as monotherapy or in combinations with advanced lung cancer, and more selective and potent ADCs are expected to become therapeutic options in clinic soon. In this review, we discuss the structure and mechanism of action of ADCs, including insights from pre-clinical work; we summarize the ADCs' recent progress in lung cancer, describe toxicity profiles of ADCs, and explore strategies designed to enhance ADC potency and overcome resistance. In addition, we discuss novel ADC strategies of interest in lung cancer, including non-cytotoxic payloads, such as immunomodulatory and anti-apoptotic agents.
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22
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Tsutsumi H, Iwama E, Ibusuki R, Shimauchi A, Ota K, Yoneshima Y, Inoue H, Tanaka K, Nakanishi Y, Okamoto I. Mutant forms of EGFR promote HER2 trafficking through efficient formation of HER2-EGFR heterodimers. Lung Cancer 2023; 175:101-111. [PMID: 36495783 DOI: 10.1016/j.lungcan.2022.11.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2022] [Revised: 11/21/2022] [Accepted: 11/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2) forms homodimers and is retained at the surface of cancer cells positive for HER2 amplification. The dimerization, internalization, and intracellular trafficking of HER2 in cancer cells without HER2 amplification have remained uncharacterized, however. MATERIALS AND METHODS HER2 homodimers and heterodimers were detected in various cell lines with the use of an in situ proximity ligation assay. The effects of wild-type or mutant forms of epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) on intracellular trafficking of HER2 were examined by live-cell imaging. The sensitivity of cell lines without HER2 amplification to ado-trastuzumab emtansine (T-DM1), an anti-HER2 (trastuzumab)-cytotoxic drug conjugate (ADC) was also investigated. RESULTS HER2 preferentially formed heterodimers with EGFR rather than homodimers and was rapidly internalized together with EGFR in cells without HER2 amplification. HER2-EGFR heterodimers were more abundant and HER2 was more efficiently transferred to lysosomes in such cells with than in those without EGFR activating mutations. T-DM1 showed a high cytotoxic efficacy in the cells with EGFR mutations, suggesting that mutant forms of EGFR promote the transfer of HER2-bound T-DM1 to lysosomes through efficient formation of HER2-EGFR heterodimers. CONCLUSION Our findings reveal that HER2 trafficking is affected by EGFR, especially by mutant forms of the receptor, and they provide a rationale for the use of HER2-targeting ADCs in the treatment of EGFR-mutated lung cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hirono Tsutsumi
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Eiji Iwama
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan.
| | - Ritsu Ibusuki
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Atsushi Shimauchi
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Keiichi Ota
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Yasuto Yoneshima
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Inoue
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan; Department of Respiratory Medicine, Fukuoka University School of Medicine, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Kentaro Tanaka
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Yoichi Nakanishi
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Isamu Okamoto
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
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23
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Collins SJ, Guo J, Rizzo RC, Miller WT. Inhibition of mutationally activated HER2. Chem Biol Drug Des 2023; 101:87-102. [PMID: 36029027 PMCID: PMC9879383 DOI: 10.1111/cbdd.14125] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2022] [Revised: 06/24/2022] [Accepted: 07/30/2022] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
Human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2) is an oncogenic driver and key therapeutic target for human cancers. Current therapies targeting HER2 are primarily based on overexpression of the wild-type form of HER2. However, kinase domain mutations have been identified that can increase the activity of HER2 even when expressed at basal levels. Using purified enzymes, we confirmed the hyperactivity of two HER2 mutants (D769Y and P780insGSP). To identify small molecule inhibitors against these cancer-associated variants, we used a combined approach consisting of biochemical testing, similarity-based searching, and in silico modeling. These approaches resulted in the identification of a candidate molecule that inhibits mutant forms of HER2 in vitro and in cell-based assays. Our structural model predicts that the compound takes advantage of water-mediated interactions in the HER2 kinase binding pocket.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephen J. Collins
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York, USA
| | - Jiaye Guo
- Department of Applied Mathematics & Statistics, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York, USA
| | - Robert C. Rizzo
- Department of Applied Mathematics & Statistics, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York, USA,Laufer Center for Physical & Quantitative Biology, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York, USA,Institute of Chemical Biology & Drug Discovery, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York, USA
| | - W. Todd Miller
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York, USA,Institute of Chemical Biology & Drug Discovery, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York, USA,Department of Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Northport, New York, USA
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24
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Alrhmoun S, Sennikov S. The Role of Tumor-Associated Antigen HER2/neu in Tumor Development and the Different Approaches for Using It in Treatment: Many Choices and Future Directions. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:cancers14246173. [PMID: 36551661 PMCID: PMC9776683 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14246173] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2022] [Revised: 12/10/2022] [Accepted: 12/11/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
The treatment of HER2-positive cancers has changed significantly over the past ten years thanks to a significant number of promising new approaches that have been added to our arsenal in the fight against cancer, including monoclonal antibodies, inhibitors of tyrosine kinase, antibody-drug conjugates, vaccination, and particularly, adoptive-T-cell therapy after its great success in hematological malignancies. Equally important is the new methodology for determining patients eligible for targeted HER2 therapy, which has doubled the number of patients who can benefit from these treatments. However, despite the initial enthusiasm, there are still several problems in this field represented by drug resistance and tumor recurrence that require the further development of new more efficient drugs. In this review, we discuss various approaches for targeting the HER2 molecule in cancer treatment, highlighting their benefits and drawbacks, along with the different mechanisms responsible for resistance to HER2-targeted therapies and how to overcome them.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saleh Alrhmoun
- Laboratory of Molecular Immunology, Federal State Budgetary Scientific Institution Research Institute of Fundamental and Clinical Immunology, 630099 Novosibirsk, Russia
- Faculty of Natural Sciences, Novosibirsk State University, 630090 Novosibirsk, Russia
| | - Sergey Sennikov
- Laboratory of Molecular Immunology, Federal State Budgetary Scientific Institution Research Institute of Fundamental and Clinical Immunology, 630099 Novosibirsk, Russia
- Department of Immunology, V. Zelman Institute for Medicine and Psychology, Novosibirsk State University, 630090 Novosibirsk, Russia
- Correspondence:
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25
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Emerging Role of ERBB2 in Targeted Therapy for Metastatic Colorectal Cancer: Signaling Pathways to Therapeutic Strategies. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:cancers14205160. [PMID: 36291943 PMCID: PMC9600272 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14205160] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2022] [Revised: 10/16/2022] [Accepted: 10/18/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the third most commonly diagnosed malignancy and the second most common cause of cancer-related mortality worldwide. Currently available targeted therapies for metastatic CRC mainly target vascular endothelial growth factor and epidermal growth factor receptor in RAS wild-type tumors. Although Erb-B2 receptor tyrosine kinase 2 (ERBB2/human epidermal growth factor receptor 2) plays a significant therapeutic role in breast and gastric cancers, there are no licensed ERBB2-targeted therapies for metastatic CRC. This review aims to outline the molecular biology of ERBB2-positive metastatic CRC and potential targeted therapeutic strategies. Abstract Despite recent improvements in the comprehensive therapy of malignancy, metastatic colorectal cancer (mCRC) continues to have a poor prognosis. Notably, 5% of mCRC cases harbor Erb-B2 receptor tyrosine kinase 2 (ERBB2) alterations. ERBB2, commonly referred to as human epidermal growth factor receptor 2, is a member of the human epidermal growth factor receptor family of protein tyrosine kinases. In addition to being a recognized therapeutic target in the treatment of gastric and breast malignancies, it is considered crucial in the management of CRC. In this review, we describe the molecular biology of ERBB2 from the perspective of biomarkers for mCRC-targeted therapy, including receptor structures, signaling pathways, gene alterations, and their detection methods. We also discuss the relationship between ERBB2 aberrations and the underlying mechanisms of resistance to anti-EGFR therapy and immunotherapy tolerance in these patients with a focus on novel targeted therapeutics and ongoing clinical trials. This may aid the development of a new standard of care in patients with ERBB2-positive mCRC.
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26
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Wu X, Yang H, Yu X, Qin JJ. Drug-resistant HER2-positive breast cancer: Molecular mechanisms and overcoming strategies. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:1012552. [PMID: 36210846 PMCID: PMC9540370 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.1012552] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2022] [Accepted: 09/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Breast cancer is one of the most common malignancies and the leading cause of cancer-related death in women. HER2 overexpression is a factor for poor prognosis in breast cancer, and anti-HER2 therapy improves survival in these patients. A dual-targeted combination of pertuzumab and trastuzumab, alongside cytotoxic chemotherapy, constitutes the primary treatment option for individuals with early-stage, HER2-positive breast cancer. Antibody-drug conjugate (ADC) and tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKI) also increase the prognosis for patients with metastatic breast cancer. However, resistance to targeted therapy eventually occurs. Therefore, it is critical to investigate how HER2-positive breast cancer is resistant to targeted therapy and to develop novel drugs or strategies to overcome the resistance simultaneously. This review aims to provide a comprehensive discussion of the HER2-targeted agents currently in clinical practice, the molecular mechanisms of resistance to these drugs, and the potential strategies for overcoming resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Xingfei Yu
- *Correspondence: Xingfei Yu, ; Jiang-Jiang Qin,
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27
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Rogers MA, Campaña MB, Long R, Fantauzzo KA. PDGFR dimer-specific activation, trafficking and downstream signaling dynamics. J Cell Sci 2022; 135:jcs259686. [PMID: 35946433 PMCID: PMC9482349 DOI: 10.1242/jcs.259686] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2021] [Accepted: 08/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Signaling through the platelet-derived growth factor receptors (PDGFRs) plays a critical role in multiple cellular processes during development. The two PDGFRs, PDGFRα and PDGFRβ, dimerize to form homodimers and/or heterodimers. Here, we overcome previous limitations in studying PDGFR dimer-specific dynamics by generating cell lines stably expressing C-terminal fusions of each PDGFR with bimolecular fluorescence complementation (BiFC) fragments corresponding to the N-terminal or C-terminal regions of the Venus fluorescent protein. We find that PDGFRβ receptors homodimerize more quickly than PDGFRα receptors in response to PDGF ligand, with increased levels of autophosphorylation. Furthermore, we demonstrate that PDGFRα homodimers are trafficked and degraded more quickly, whereas PDGFRβ homodimers are more likely to be recycled back to the cell membrane. We show that PDGFRβ homodimer activation results in a greater amplitude of phospho-ERK1/2 and phospho-AKT signaling, as well as increased proliferation and migration. Finally, we demonstrate that inhibition of clathrin-mediated endocytosis leads to changes in cellular trafficking and downstream signaling, particularly for PDGFRα homodimers. Collectively, our findings provide significant insight into how biological specificity is introduced to generate unique responses downstream of PDGFR engagement. This article has an associated First Person interview with the first author of the paper.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Katherine A. Fantauzzo
- Department of Craniofacial Biology, School of Dental Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
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28
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Abstract
The epidermal growth factor (EGF) system has allowed chemists, biologists, and clinicians to improve our understanding of cell production and cancer therapy. The discovery of EGF led to the recognition of cell surface receptors capable of controlling the proliferation and survival of cells. The detailed structures of the EGF-like ligand and the responses of their receptors (EGFR-family) has revealed the conformational and aggregation changes whereby ligands activate the intracellular kinase domains. Biophysical analysis has revealed the preformed clustering of different EGFR-family members and the processes which occur on ligand binding. Understanding these receptor activation processes and the consequential cytoplasmic signaling has allowed the development of inhibitors which are revolutionizing cancer therapy. This Review describes the recent progress in our understanding of the activation of the EGFR-family, the effects of signaling from the EGFR-family on cell proliferation, and the targeting of the EGFR-family in cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antony W Burgess
- Honorary Laboratory Head, Personalized Oncology Division, WEHI, Parkville3050, Australia.,Professor Emeritus, Departments of Medical Biology and Surgery (Royal Melbourne Hospital), University of Melbourne, Melbourne3052, Australia.,The Brain Cancer Centre at WEHI, Parkville3052, Australia
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29
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Pitcher JL, Alexander N, Miranda PJ, Johns TG. ErbB4 in the brain: Focus on high grade glioma. Front Oncol 2022; 12:983514. [PMID: 36119496 PMCID: PMC9471956 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2022.983514] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2022] [Accepted: 07/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) family of receptor tyrosine kinases (RTKs) consists of EGFR, ErbB2, ErbB3, and ErbB4. These receptors play key roles in cell proliferation, angiogenesis, cell migration, and in some cases, tumor promotion. ErbB4 is a unique member of the EGFR family, implicated not only in pro-tumorigenic mechanisms, such as cell proliferation and migration, but also in anti-tumorigenic activities, including cell differentiation and apoptosis. ErbB4 is differentially expressed in a wide variety of tissues, and interestingly, as different isoforms that result in vastly different signalling outcomes. Most studies have either ignored the presence of these isoforms or used overexpression models that may mask the true function of ErbB4. ErbB4 is widely expressed throughout the body with significant expression in skeletal tissue, mammary glands, heart, and brain. Knockout models have demonstrated embryonic lethality due to disrupted heart and brain development. Despite high expression in the brain and a critical role in brain development, remarkably little is known about the potential signalling activity of ErbB4 in brain cancer.This review focuses on the unique biology of ErbB4 in the brain, and in particular, highlights brain cancer research findings. We end the review with a focus on high grade gliomas, primarily glioblastoma, a disease that has been shown to involve EGFR and its mutant forms. The role of the different ErbB4 isotypes in high grade gliomas is still unclear and future research will hopefully shed some light on this question.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jamie-Lee Pitcher
- Oncogenic Signalling Laboratory, Telethon Kids Institute, Nedlands, WA, Australia
- School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Western Australia, Crawley, WA, Australia
- *Correspondence: Jamie-Lee Pitcher,
| | - Naomi Alexander
- Oncogenic Signalling Laboratory, Telethon Kids Institute, Nedlands, WA, Australia
| | - Panimaya Jeffreena Miranda
- Oncogenic Signalling Laboratory, Telethon Kids Institute, Nedlands, WA, Australia
- Division of Paediatrics/Centre for Child Health Research, University of Western Australia, Crawley, WA, Australia
| | - Terrance G. Johns
- Oncogenic Signalling Laboratory, Telethon Kids Institute, Nedlands, WA, Australia
- Division of Paediatrics/Centre for Child Health Research, University of Western Australia, Crawley, WA, Australia
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30
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Martelli V, Pastorino A, Sobrero AF. Prognostic and predictive molecular biomarkers in advanced colorectal cancer. Pharmacol Ther 2022; 236:108239. [PMID: 35780916 DOI: 10.1016/j.pharmthera.2022.108239] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2022] [Revised: 06/21/2022] [Accepted: 06/27/2022] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
Abstract
The revolution of precision medicine has produced unprecedented seismic shifts in the treatment paradigm of advanced cancers. Among the major killers, colorectal cancer (CRC) is far behind the others. In fact, the great successes obtained in breast, NSCLC, melanoma, and genitourinary tract tumors have been observed only in fewer than 5 % metastatic colorectal cancer (mCRC): those with the mismatch repair deficiency (dMMR), a well-known predictive factor for to the outstanding efficacy of checkpoint inhibitors (CPI). The treatment of the remaining vast majority mCRC patients is still based upon only two molecular determinants: the RAS and BRAF mutational status. New promising biomarkers include HER2, tumor mutational burden (TMB) for its possible implications on CPI efficacy, and the extremely rare NTRK fusions. The Consensus Molecular Subtypes classification (CMS) is a good example of the efforts to combine different molecular features of this disease, although its relevance in clinical practice is still under investigation. In this Review, we focus on all these prognostic and predictive biomarkers, analyzing data from the most important clinical trials of the last years. We also try to rank them according to their prognostic and predictive power.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valentino Martelli
- Medical Oncology Unit 1, Ospedale Policlinico San Martino - IRCCS, Largo Rosanna Benzi 10, 16132 Genoa, Italy
| | - Alessandro Pastorino
- Medical Oncology Unit 1, Ospedale Policlinico San Martino - IRCCS, Largo Rosanna Benzi 10, 16132 Genoa, Italy
| | - Alberto F Sobrero
- Medical Oncology Unit 1, Ospedale Policlinico San Martino - IRCCS, Largo Rosanna Benzi 10, 16132 Genoa, Italy.
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31
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Brockhoff G. "Shedding" light on HER4 signaling in normal and malignant breast tissues. Cell Signal 2022; 97:110401. [PMID: 35820544 DOI: 10.1016/j.cellsig.2022.110401] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2022] [Revised: 07/05/2022] [Accepted: 07/06/2022] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Receptor Tyrosine Kinases of the Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor Family play a pivotal role as drivers of carcinogenesis and uncontrolled cell growth for a variety of malignancies, not least for breast cancer. Besides the estrogen receptor, the HER2 receptor was and still is a representative marker for advanced taxonomic sub-differentiation of breast cancer and emerged as one of the first therapeutic targets for antibody based therapies. Since the approval of trastuzumab for the therapy of HER2-positive breast cancer in 1998 anti-HER2 treatment strategies are being modified, refined, and successfully combined with complementary treatments, nevertheless there is still potential for improvement. The HER2 relatives, namely HER1 (i.e., EGFR), HER3 and HER4 share a high degree of molecular homology and together form a functional unit for signal transmission. Under regular conditions, receptor coexpression patterns and receptor interaction represent key parameters for signaling robustness, which ensures cellular growth control and enables tissue differentiation. In addition, treatment efficiency of e.g., an anti-HER2 targeting is substantially determined by the expression pattern of HER receptors on target cells. Within the receptor family, the HER4 plays a particular role and is engaged in exceptional signaling activities. A favorable prognostic impact has been attributed to HER4 expression in breast cancer under specific molecular conditions. HER4-specific cellular effects are initially determined by a ligand-dependent or -independent receptor activation. Essential processes as cell growth and proliferation, cell differentiation, and apoptotic cell death can be initiated by this receptor. This review gives an overview of the role of HER4 in normal and malignant breast epithelial cells and tissues. Specific mechanism of HER4 activation and subsequent intracellular signaling will be described by taking a focus on effects provoked by receptor shedding. HER4 activities and specific effects will be correlated to breast cancer subtypes and the impact of HER4 on course and outcome of disease will be considered. Moreover, current and potential therapeutic approaches will be discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gero Brockhoff
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, University Medical Center Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany.
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32
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Rau A, Janssen N, Kühl L, Sell T, Kalmykova S, Mürdter TE, Dahlke MH, Sers C, Morkel M, Schwab M, Kontermann RE, Olayioye MA. Triple Targeting of HER Receptors Overcomes Heregulin-mediated Resistance to EGFR Blockade in Colorectal Cancer. Mol Cancer Ther 2022; 21:799-809. [PMID: 35247930 DOI: 10.1158/1535-7163.mct-21-0818] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2021] [Revised: 01/12/2022] [Accepted: 02/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Current treatment options for patients with advanced colorectal cancers include anti-EGFR/HER1 therapy with the blocking antibody cetuximab. Although a subset of patients with KRAS WT disease initially respond to the treatment, resistance develops in almost all cases. Relapse has been associated with the production of the ligand heregulin (HRG) and/or compensatory signaling involving the receptor tyrosine kinases HER2 and HER3. Here, we provide evidence that triple-HER receptor blockade based on a newly developed bispecific EGFR×HER3-targeting antibody (scDb-Fc) together with the HER2-blocking antibody trastuzumab effectively inhibited HRG-induced HER receptor phosphorylation, downstream signaling, proliferation, and stem cell expansion of DiFi and LIM1215 colorectal cancer cells. Comparative analyses revealed that the biological activity of scDb-Fc plus trastuzumab was sometimes even superior to that of the combination of the parental antibodies, with PI3K/Akt pathway inhibition correlating with improved therapeutic response and apoptosis induction as seen by single-cell analysis. Importantly, growth suppression by triple-HER targeting was recapitulated in primary KRAS WT patient-derived organoid cultures exposed to HRG. Collectively, our results provide strong support for a pan-HER receptor blocking approach to combat anti-EGFR therapy resistance of KRAS WT colorectal cancer tumors mediated by the upregulation of HRG and/or HER2/HER3 signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexander Rau
- Institute of Cell Biology and Immunology, University of Stuttgart, Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Nicole Janssen
- Dr. Margarete Fischer-Bosch-Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Stuttgart, Germany.,University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Lennart Kühl
- Institute of Cell Biology and Immunology, University of Stuttgart, Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Thomas Sell
- Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Berlin, Germany.,IRI Life Sciences and Institute of Theoretical Biology, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Svetlana Kalmykova
- Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Berlin, Germany.,IRI Life Sciences and Institute of Theoretical Biology, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Thomas E Mürdter
- Dr. Margarete Fischer-Bosch-Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Stuttgart, Germany.,University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Marc-H Dahlke
- Department of General and Visceral Surgery, Robert-Bosch-Hospital, Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Christine Sers
- Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Berlin, Germany.,German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Partner Site Berlin and German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Markus Morkel
- Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Berlin, Germany.,German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Partner Site Berlin and German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Matthias Schwab
- Dr. Margarete Fischer-Bosch-Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Stuttgart, Germany.,German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Partner Site Tübingen and German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany.,Departments of Clinical Pharmacology, and of Biochemistry and Pharmacy, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany.,Cluster of Excellence iFIT (EXC 2180) "Image-Guided and Functionally Instructed Tumor Therapies," University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Roland E Kontermann
- Institute of Cell Biology and Immunology, University of Stuttgart, Stuttgart, Germany.,Stuttgart Research Center Systems Biology (SRCSB), University of Stuttgart, Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Monilola A Olayioye
- Institute of Cell Biology and Immunology, University of Stuttgart, Stuttgart, Germany.,Stuttgart Research Center Systems Biology (SRCSB), University of Stuttgart, Stuttgart, Germany
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The HER family as therapeutic targets in colorectal cancer. Crit Rev Oncol Hematol 2022; 174:103681. [PMID: 35462030 DOI: 10.1016/j.critrevonc.2022.103681] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2021] [Revised: 03/30/2022] [Accepted: 04/07/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
The human epidermal growth factor receptor (HER, ErbB) family has four members, epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR), HER2, HER3, and HER4. Although distinct in ligands and functions, all of the HER family members are receptor tyrosine kinases playing important roles in the pathogenesis of cancers. In the era of precision medicine, the HER family is one of the most important and successful cancer therapeutic targets, hallmarked by the approval of anti-EGFR therapies for the treatment of colorectal cancer and non-small cell lung cancer, and anti-HER2 therapies for the treatment of breast cancer and gastric cancer. This review briefly discusses how HER family members were discovered, their functions and roles in cancer, and most importantly, the developmental history and recent updates of therapies targeting HER family members, with colorectal cancer as a focus. We also discussed the patient selection and drug resistance to anti-EGFR therapies in the treatment of colorectal cancer.
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Zhang X, Wang Y, Meng L. Comparative genomic analysis of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma and adenocarcinoma: New opportunities towards molecularly targeted therapy. Acta Pharm Sin B 2022; 12:1054-1067. [PMID: 35530133 PMCID: PMC9069403 DOI: 10.1016/j.apsb.2021.09.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2021] [Revised: 08/23/2021] [Accepted: 08/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Esophageal cancer is one of the most lethal cancers worldwide because of its rapid progression and poor prognosis. Esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) and esophageal adenocarcinoma (EAC) are two major subtypes of esophageal cancer. ESCC predominantly affects African and Asian populations, which is closely related to chronic smoking and alcohol consumption. EAC typically arises in Barrett's esophagus with a predilection for Western countries. While surgical operation and chemoradiotherapy have been applied to combat this deadly cancer, molecularly targeted therapy is still at the early stages. With the development of large-scale next-generation sequencing, various genomic alterations in ESCC and EAC have been revealed and their potential roles in the initiation and progression of esophageal cancer have been studied. Potential therapeutic targets have been identified and novel approaches have been developed to combat esophageal cancer. In this review, we comprehensively analyze the genomic alterations in EAC and ESCC and summarize the potential role of the genetic alterations in the development of esophageal cancer. Progresses in the therapeutics based on the different tissue types and molecular signatures have also been reviewed and discussed.
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It Takes More than Two to Tango: Complex, Hierarchal, and Membrane-Modulated Interactions in the Regulation of Receptor Tyrosine Kinases. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:cancers14040944. [PMID: 35205690 PMCID: PMC8869822 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14040944] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2022] [Revised: 02/09/2022] [Accepted: 02/12/2022] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The search for an understanding of how cell fate and motility are regulated is not a purely scientific undertaking, but it can also lead to rationally designed therapies against cancer. The discovery of tyrosine kinases about half a century ago, the subsequent characterization of certain transmembrane receptors harboring tyrosine kinase activity, and their connection to the development of human cancer ushered in a new age with the hope of finding a treatment for malignant diseases in the foreseeable future. However, painstaking efforts were required to uncover the principles of how these receptors with intrinsic tyrosine kinase activity are regulated. Developments in molecular and structural biology and biophysical approaches paved the way towards better understanding of these pathways. Discoveries in the past twenty years first resulted in the formulation of textbook dogmas, such as dimerization-driven receptor association, which were followed by fine-tuning the model. In this review, the role of molecular interactions taking place during the activation of receptor tyrosine kinases, with special attention to the epidermal growth factor receptor family, will be discussed. The fact that these receptors are anchored in the membrane provides ample opportunities for modulatory lipid-protein interactions that will be considered in detail in the second part of the manuscript. Although qualitative and quantitative alterations in lipids in cancer are not sufficient in their own right to drive the malignant transformation, they both contribute to tumor formation and also provide ways to treat cancer. The review will be concluded with a summary of these medical aspects of lipid-protein interactions.
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Lote H, Chau I. Emerging HER2-directed therapeutic agents for gastric cancer in early phase clinical trials. Expert Opin Investig Drugs 2022; 31:59-78. [PMID: 35034511 DOI: 10.1080/13543784.2022.2030311] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION HER2 positive gastric cancer is a distinct subgroup overexpressing the HER2 receptor. For a decade, first-line Trastuzumab was the only licensed HER2-directed therapy for HER2 positive advanced gastric cancer following results from the ToGA trial in 2010 demonstrating a survival benefit when added to chemotherapy. Within the last year, significant advances have taken place in the field of HER2-directed gastric cancer therapy. AREAS COVERED This review discusses pivotal clinical trial results and summarises current clinical trials of HER2-directed therapy in gastric cancer. Evidence for HER2-directed antibodies, immunotherapy, immune stimulating antibody conjugates, antibody-drug conjugates (including DESTINY trial results) and tyrosine kinase inhibitors are placed into clinical context. Key challenges including resistance mechanisms and drug toxicities are outlined. Search terms 'HER2' and 'gastric cancer' were entered into ClinicalTrials.gov, Pubmed and Google. Only English-language studies were included. EXPERT OPINION Clinical management of HER2 positive gastric cancer patients is likely to change significantly over the next 5 years. Checkpoint inhibition is likely to be used alongside HER2-directed therapy and chemotherapy first-line in advanced disease. Trastuzumab deruxtecan is likely to be offered second-line and beyond. The sheer number of clinical trials of HER2-directed therapy in gastric cancer are testament to progress and potential.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hazel Lote
- Department of Medicine, Royal Marsden Hospital, London and Surrey, United Kingdom.,Department Molecular Pathology, The Institute of Cancer Research, London and Surrey, United Kingdom
| | - Ian Chau
- Department of Medicine, Royal Marsden Hospital, London and Surrey, United Kingdom
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Abstract
ABSTRACT Work over the past several decades has identified that aberrations in the ErbB signaling pathways are key drivers of oncogenesis, and concurrent efforts to discover targetable vulnerabilities to counter this aberrant oncogenic signaling offer tremendous promise in treating a host of human cancers. These efforts have been centered primarily on EGFR (also known as HER1), leading to the discovery of the first targeted therapies approved for head and neck cancer. More recently, HER2 and HER3 signaling pathways have been identified as highly dysregulated in head and neck cancer. This review highlights the HER2 and HER3 signaling pathways and clinical efforts to target these receptors and their aberrant signaling to treat head and neck squamous cell carcinomas and other head and neck malignancies, including salivary gland carcinomas. This includes the use of small molecule inhibitors and blocking antibodies, both as single agents or as part of multimodal precision targeted and immunotherapies.
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Varlet P, Bouffet E, Casanova M, Giangaspero F, Antonelli M, Hargrave D, Ladenstein R, Pearson A, Hawkins C, König FB, Rüschoff J, Schmauch C, Bühnemann C, Garin-Chesa P, Schweifer N, Uttenreuther-Fischer M, Gibson N, Ittrich C, Krämer N, Solca F, Stolze B, Geoerger B. Comprehensive analysis of the ErbB receptor family in pediatric nervous system tumors and rhabdomyosarcoma. Pediatr Blood Cancer 2022; 69:e29316. [PMID: 34546642 DOI: 10.1002/pbc.29316] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2021] [Revised: 07/05/2021] [Accepted: 08/01/2021] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND There is a paucity of knowledge regarding pediatric biomarkers, including the relevance of ErbB pathway aberrations in pediatric tumors. We investigated the occurrence of ErbB receptor aberrations across different pediatric malignancies, to identify patterns of ErbB dysregulation and define biomarkers suitable for patient enrichment in clinical studies. PROCEDURE Tissue samples from 297 patients with nervous system tumors and rhabdomyosarcoma were analyzed for immunohistochemical expression or gene amplification of epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) and human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2). Exploratory analyses of HER3/HER4 expression, and mRNA expression of ErbB receptors/ligands (NanoString) were performed. Assay validation followed general procedures, with additional validation to address Clinical Laboratory Improvement Amendments (CLIA) requirements. RESULTS In most tumor types, samples with high ErbB receptor expression were found with heterogeneous distribution. We considered increased/aberrant ErbB pathway activation when greater than or equal to two EGFR/HER2 markers were simultaneously upregulated. ErbB pathway dysregulation was identified in ∼20%-30% of samples for most tumor types (medulloblastoma/primitive neuroectodermal tumors 31.1%, high-grade glioma 27.1%, neuroblastoma 22.7%, rhabdomyosarcoma 23.1%, ependymoma 18.8%), 4.2% of diffuse intrinsic pontine gliomas, and no recurrent or refractory low-grade astrocytomas. In medulloblastoma/primitive neuroectodermal tumors and neuroblastoma, this was attributed mainly to high EGFR polysomy/HER2 amplification, whereas EGFR gene amplification was observed in some high-grade glioma samples. EGFR/HER2 overexpression was most prevalent in ependymoma. CONCLUSIONS Overexpression and/or amplification of EGFR/HER2 were identified as potential enrichment biomarkers for clinical trials of ErbB-targeted drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pascale Varlet
- GHU Psychiatrie et Neurosciences, site Sainte-Anne, service de Neuropathologie, Paris, France
| | - Eric Bouffet
- The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | | | | | | | - Darren Hargrave
- Great Ormond Street Hospital for Children NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
| | - Ruth Ladenstein
- Department of Paediatrics, St. Anna Children's Cancer Research Institute, Medical University, Vienna, Austria
| | - Andy Pearson
- Paediatric Drug Development, Children and Young People's Unit, Royal Marsden Hospital, London, UK.,Division of Clinical Studies, Institute of Cancer Research, London, UK
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Pilar Garin-Chesa
- Staburo GmbH, Munich, Germany, on behalf of Boehringer Ingelheim Pharma GmbH & Co. KG, Biberach, Germany
| | - Norbert Schweifer
- Staburo GmbH, Munich, Germany, on behalf of Boehringer Ingelheim Pharma GmbH & Co. KG, Biberach, Germany
| | | | - Neil Gibson
- Boehringer Ingelheim Pharma GmbH & Co. KG, Biberach, Germany
| | - Carina Ittrich
- Boehringer Ingelheim Pharma GmbH & Co. KG, Biberach, Germany
| | - Nicole Krämer
- Staburo GmbH, Munich, Germany, on behalf of Boehringer Ingelheim Pharma GmbH & Co. KG, Biberach, Germany
| | - Flavio Solca
- Boehringer Ingelheim RCV GmbH & Co. KG, Vienna, Austria
| | - Britta Stolze
- Boehringer Ingelheim Pharma GmbH & Co. KG, Biberach, Germany
| | - Birgit Geoerger
- Gustave Roussy Cancer Center, Department of Pediatric and Adolescent Oncology, INSERM U1015, Université Paris Saclay, Villejuif, France
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Lucas LM, Dwivedi V, Senfeld JI, Cullum RL, Mill CP, Piazza JT, Bryant IN, Cook LJ, Miller ST, Lott JH, Kelley CM, Knerr EL, Markham JA, Kaufmann DP, Jacobi MA, Shen J, Riese DJ. The Yin and Yang of ERBB4: Tumor Suppressor and Oncoprotein. Pharmacol Rev 2022; 74:18-47. [PMID: 34987087 PMCID: PMC11060329 DOI: 10.1124/pharmrev.121.000381] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2021] [Accepted: 08/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
ERBB4 (HER4) is a member of the ERBB family of receptor tyrosine kinases, a family that includes the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR/ERBB1/HER1), ERBB2 (Neu/HER2), and ERBB3 (HER3). EGFR and ERBB2 are oncoproteins and validated targets for therapeutic intervention in a variety of solid tumors. In contrast, the role that ERBB4 plays in human malignancies is ambiguous. Thus, here we review the literature regarding ERBB4 function in human malignancies. We review the mechanisms of ERBB4 signaling with an emphasis on mechanisms of signaling specificity. In the context of this signaling specificity, we discuss the hypothesis that ERBB4 appears to function as a tumor suppressor protein and as an oncoprotein. Next, we review the literature that describes the role of ERBB4 in tumors of the bladder, liver, prostate, brain, colon, stomach, lung, bone, ovary, thyroid, hematopoietic tissues, pancreas, breast, skin, head, and neck. Whenever possible, we discuss the possibility that ERBB4 mutants function as biomarkers in these tumors. Finally, we discuss the potential roles of ERBB4 mutants in the staging of human tumors and how ERBB4 function may dictate the treatment of human tumors. SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT: This articles reviews ERBB4 function in the context of the mechanistic model that ERBB4 homodimers function as tumor suppressors, whereas ERBB4-EGFR or ERBB4-ERBB2 heterodimers act as oncogenes. Thus, this review serves as a mechanistic framework for clinicians and scientists to consider the role of ERBB4 and ERBB4 mutants in staging and treating human tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lauren M Lucas
- Department of Drug Discovery and Development, Harrison School of Pharmacy (L.M.L., V.D., J.I.S., R.L.C., C.P.M., J.T.P., L.J.C., S.T.M., J.H.L., C.M.K., E.L.K., J.A.M., D.P.K., M.A.J., J.S., D.J.R.), and Department of Chemical Engineering, Samuel Ginn College of Engineering (R.L.C.), Auburn University, Auburn, Alabama; The University of Texas M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas (C.P.M.); Office of the Executive Vice President for Research and Partnerships, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana (I.N.B.); and Cancer Biology and Immunology Program, O'Neal Comprehensive Cancer Center, The University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama (D.J.R.)
| | - Vipasha Dwivedi
- Department of Drug Discovery and Development, Harrison School of Pharmacy (L.M.L., V.D., J.I.S., R.L.C., C.P.M., J.T.P., L.J.C., S.T.M., J.H.L., C.M.K., E.L.K., J.A.M., D.P.K., M.A.J., J.S., D.J.R.), and Department of Chemical Engineering, Samuel Ginn College of Engineering (R.L.C.), Auburn University, Auburn, Alabama; The University of Texas M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas (C.P.M.); Office of the Executive Vice President for Research and Partnerships, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana (I.N.B.); and Cancer Biology and Immunology Program, O'Neal Comprehensive Cancer Center, The University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama (D.J.R.)
| | - Jared I Senfeld
- Department of Drug Discovery and Development, Harrison School of Pharmacy (L.M.L., V.D., J.I.S., R.L.C., C.P.M., J.T.P., L.J.C., S.T.M., J.H.L., C.M.K., E.L.K., J.A.M., D.P.K., M.A.J., J.S., D.J.R.), and Department of Chemical Engineering, Samuel Ginn College of Engineering (R.L.C.), Auburn University, Auburn, Alabama; The University of Texas M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas (C.P.M.); Office of the Executive Vice President for Research and Partnerships, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana (I.N.B.); and Cancer Biology and Immunology Program, O'Neal Comprehensive Cancer Center, The University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama (D.J.R.)
| | - Richard L Cullum
- Department of Drug Discovery and Development, Harrison School of Pharmacy (L.M.L., V.D., J.I.S., R.L.C., C.P.M., J.T.P., L.J.C., S.T.M., J.H.L., C.M.K., E.L.K., J.A.M., D.P.K., M.A.J., J.S., D.J.R.), and Department of Chemical Engineering, Samuel Ginn College of Engineering (R.L.C.), Auburn University, Auburn, Alabama; The University of Texas M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas (C.P.M.); Office of the Executive Vice President for Research and Partnerships, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana (I.N.B.); and Cancer Biology and Immunology Program, O'Neal Comprehensive Cancer Center, The University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama (D.J.R.)
| | - Christopher P Mill
- Department of Drug Discovery and Development, Harrison School of Pharmacy (L.M.L., V.D., J.I.S., R.L.C., C.P.M., J.T.P., L.J.C., S.T.M., J.H.L., C.M.K., E.L.K., J.A.M., D.P.K., M.A.J., J.S., D.J.R.), and Department of Chemical Engineering, Samuel Ginn College of Engineering (R.L.C.), Auburn University, Auburn, Alabama; The University of Texas M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas (C.P.M.); Office of the Executive Vice President for Research and Partnerships, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana (I.N.B.); and Cancer Biology and Immunology Program, O'Neal Comprehensive Cancer Center, The University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama (D.J.R.)
| | - J Tyler Piazza
- Department of Drug Discovery and Development, Harrison School of Pharmacy (L.M.L., V.D., J.I.S., R.L.C., C.P.M., J.T.P., L.J.C., S.T.M., J.H.L., C.M.K., E.L.K., J.A.M., D.P.K., M.A.J., J.S., D.J.R.), and Department of Chemical Engineering, Samuel Ginn College of Engineering (R.L.C.), Auburn University, Auburn, Alabama; The University of Texas M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas (C.P.M.); Office of the Executive Vice President for Research and Partnerships, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana (I.N.B.); and Cancer Biology and Immunology Program, O'Neal Comprehensive Cancer Center, The University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama (D.J.R.)
| | - Ianthe N Bryant
- Department of Drug Discovery and Development, Harrison School of Pharmacy (L.M.L., V.D., J.I.S., R.L.C., C.P.M., J.T.P., L.J.C., S.T.M., J.H.L., C.M.K., E.L.K., J.A.M., D.P.K., M.A.J., J.S., D.J.R.), and Department of Chemical Engineering, Samuel Ginn College of Engineering (R.L.C.), Auburn University, Auburn, Alabama; The University of Texas M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas (C.P.M.); Office of the Executive Vice President for Research and Partnerships, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana (I.N.B.); and Cancer Biology and Immunology Program, O'Neal Comprehensive Cancer Center, The University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama (D.J.R.)
| | - Laura J Cook
- Department of Drug Discovery and Development, Harrison School of Pharmacy (L.M.L., V.D., J.I.S., R.L.C., C.P.M., J.T.P., L.J.C., S.T.M., J.H.L., C.M.K., E.L.K., J.A.M., D.P.K., M.A.J., J.S., D.J.R.), and Department of Chemical Engineering, Samuel Ginn College of Engineering (R.L.C.), Auburn University, Auburn, Alabama; The University of Texas M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas (C.P.M.); Office of the Executive Vice President for Research and Partnerships, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana (I.N.B.); and Cancer Biology and Immunology Program, O'Neal Comprehensive Cancer Center, The University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama (D.J.R.)
| | - S Tyler Miller
- Department of Drug Discovery and Development, Harrison School of Pharmacy (L.M.L., V.D., J.I.S., R.L.C., C.P.M., J.T.P., L.J.C., S.T.M., J.H.L., C.M.K., E.L.K., J.A.M., D.P.K., M.A.J., J.S., D.J.R.), and Department of Chemical Engineering, Samuel Ginn College of Engineering (R.L.C.), Auburn University, Auburn, Alabama; The University of Texas M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas (C.P.M.); Office of the Executive Vice President for Research and Partnerships, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana (I.N.B.); and Cancer Biology and Immunology Program, O'Neal Comprehensive Cancer Center, The University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama (D.J.R.)
| | - James H Lott
- Department of Drug Discovery and Development, Harrison School of Pharmacy (L.M.L., V.D., J.I.S., R.L.C., C.P.M., J.T.P., L.J.C., S.T.M., J.H.L., C.M.K., E.L.K., J.A.M., D.P.K., M.A.J., J.S., D.J.R.), and Department of Chemical Engineering, Samuel Ginn College of Engineering (R.L.C.), Auburn University, Auburn, Alabama; The University of Texas M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas (C.P.M.); Office of the Executive Vice President for Research and Partnerships, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana (I.N.B.); and Cancer Biology and Immunology Program, O'Neal Comprehensive Cancer Center, The University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama (D.J.R.)
| | - Connor M Kelley
- Department of Drug Discovery and Development, Harrison School of Pharmacy (L.M.L., V.D., J.I.S., R.L.C., C.P.M., J.T.P., L.J.C., S.T.M., J.H.L., C.M.K., E.L.K., J.A.M., D.P.K., M.A.J., J.S., D.J.R.), and Department of Chemical Engineering, Samuel Ginn College of Engineering (R.L.C.), Auburn University, Auburn, Alabama; The University of Texas M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas (C.P.M.); Office of the Executive Vice President for Research and Partnerships, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana (I.N.B.); and Cancer Biology and Immunology Program, O'Neal Comprehensive Cancer Center, The University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama (D.J.R.)
| | - Elizabeth L Knerr
- Department of Drug Discovery and Development, Harrison School of Pharmacy (L.M.L., V.D., J.I.S., R.L.C., C.P.M., J.T.P., L.J.C., S.T.M., J.H.L., C.M.K., E.L.K., J.A.M., D.P.K., M.A.J., J.S., D.J.R.), and Department of Chemical Engineering, Samuel Ginn College of Engineering (R.L.C.), Auburn University, Auburn, Alabama; The University of Texas M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas (C.P.M.); Office of the Executive Vice President for Research and Partnerships, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana (I.N.B.); and Cancer Biology and Immunology Program, O'Neal Comprehensive Cancer Center, The University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama (D.J.R.)
| | - Jessica A Markham
- Department of Drug Discovery and Development, Harrison School of Pharmacy (L.M.L., V.D., J.I.S., R.L.C., C.P.M., J.T.P., L.J.C., S.T.M., J.H.L., C.M.K., E.L.K., J.A.M., D.P.K., M.A.J., J.S., D.J.R.), and Department of Chemical Engineering, Samuel Ginn College of Engineering (R.L.C.), Auburn University, Auburn, Alabama; The University of Texas M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas (C.P.M.); Office of the Executive Vice President for Research and Partnerships, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana (I.N.B.); and Cancer Biology and Immunology Program, O'Neal Comprehensive Cancer Center, The University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama (D.J.R.)
| | - David P Kaufmann
- Department of Drug Discovery and Development, Harrison School of Pharmacy (L.M.L., V.D., J.I.S., R.L.C., C.P.M., J.T.P., L.J.C., S.T.M., J.H.L., C.M.K., E.L.K., J.A.M., D.P.K., M.A.J., J.S., D.J.R.), and Department of Chemical Engineering, Samuel Ginn College of Engineering (R.L.C.), Auburn University, Auburn, Alabama; The University of Texas M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas (C.P.M.); Office of the Executive Vice President for Research and Partnerships, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana (I.N.B.); and Cancer Biology and Immunology Program, O'Neal Comprehensive Cancer Center, The University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama (D.J.R.)
| | - Megan A Jacobi
- Department of Drug Discovery and Development, Harrison School of Pharmacy (L.M.L., V.D., J.I.S., R.L.C., C.P.M., J.T.P., L.J.C., S.T.M., J.H.L., C.M.K., E.L.K., J.A.M., D.P.K., M.A.J., J.S., D.J.R.), and Department of Chemical Engineering, Samuel Ginn College of Engineering (R.L.C.), Auburn University, Auburn, Alabama; The University of Texas M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas (C.P.M.); Office of the Executive Vice President for Research and Partnerships, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana (I.N.B.); and Cancer Biology and Immunology Program, O'Neal Comprehensive Cancer Center, The University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama (D.J.R.)
| | - Jianzhong Shen
- Department of Drug Discovery and Development, Harrison School of Pharmacy (L.M.L., V.D., J.I.S., R.L.C., C.P.M., J.T.P., L.J.C., S.T.M., J.H.L., C.M.K., E.L.K., J.A.M., D.P.K., M.A.J., J.S., D.J.R.), and Department of Chemical Engineering, Samuel Ginn College of Engineering (R.L.C.), Auburn University, Auburn, Alabama; The University of Texas M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas (C.P.M.); Office of the Executive Vice President for Research and Partnerships, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana (I.N.B.); and Cancer Biology and Immunology Program, O'Neal Comprehensive Cancer Center, The University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama (D.J.R.)
| | - David J Riese
- Department of Drug Discovery and Development, Harrison School of Pharmacy (L.M.L., V.D., J.I.S., R.L.C., C.P.M., J.T.P., L.J.C., S.T.M., J.H.L., C.M.K., E.L.K., J.A.M., D.P.K., M.A.J., J.S., D.J.R.), and Department of Chemical Engineering, Samuel Ginn College of Engineering (R.L.C.), Auburn University, Auburn, Alabama; The University of Texas M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas (C.P.M.); Office of the Executive Vice President for Research and Partnerships, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana (I.N.B.); and Cancer Biology and Immunology Program, O'Neal Comprehensive Cancer Center, The University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama (D.J.R.)
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40
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Asano T, Takei J, Suzuki H, Kaneko MK, Kato Y. Epitope Mapping of an Anti-HER2 Monoclonal Antibody (H 2Mab-181) Using Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay. Monoclon Antib Immunodiagn Immunother 2021; 40:255-260. [PMID: 34958275 DOI: 10.1089/mab.2021.0029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2) is a type I transmembrane 185 kDa protein expressed in various types of normal or cancer cells. Overexpression of HER2 is found in many cancers and is related to cell proliferation, differentiation, and migration. We recently developed a novel anti-HER2 monoclonal antibody, H2Mab-181, by immunizing mice with the purified recombinant extracellular domain of HER2. H2Mab-181 can specifically and sensitively detect HER2 not only in flow cytometry and Western blotting for gastric cancer cell lines, but also in immunohistochemical analyses for gastric cancer tissues. In this study, we analyzed the binding epitope of H2Mab-181 to HER2 using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Results showed that the H2Mab-181 epitope was determined to be Gly383, Asp384, Ala386, Asn388, and Pro391 by ELISA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Teizo Asano
- Department of Antibody Drug Development and Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan
| | - Junko Takei
- Department of Antibody Drug Development and Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Suzuki
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan
| | - Mika K Kaneko
- Department of Antibody Drug Development and Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan
| | - Yukinari Kato
- Department of Antibody Drug Development and Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan.,Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan
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41
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Vathiotis IA, Charpidou A, Gavrielatou N, Syrigos KN. HER2 Aberrations in Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer: From Pathophysiology to Targeted Therapy. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2021; 14:1300. [PMID: 34959700 PMCID: PMC8705364 DOI: 10.3390/ph14121300] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2021] [Revised: 12/06/2021] [Accepted: 12/10/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
While human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2) aberrations have long been described in patients with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), they have only recently been effectively targeted. Unlike patients with breast cancer, NSCLC patients can harbor either HER2-activating mutations or HER2 amplification coupled with protein overexpression. The latter has also been the case for patients with acquired resistance to epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs). As preclinical data continue to accumulate, clinical trials evaluating novel agents that target HER2 have produced promising preliminary results. Here, we review existing data on HER2 aberrations in NSCLC. Starting from HER2 biology in normal and disease processes, we summarize discrepancies in HER2 diagnostic assays between breast cancer and NSCLC. Finally, to dissect the therapeutic implications of HER2-activating mutations versus gene amplification and/or protein overexpression, we present data from prospective clinical trials that have employed distinct classes of agents to target HER2 in patients with NSCLC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ioannis A. Vathiotis
- Section of Medical Oncology, Third Department of Internal Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 11527 Athens, Greece; (A.C.); (K.N.S.)
- Department of Pathology, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06510, USA;
| | - Andriani Charpidou
- Section of Medical Oncology, Third Department of Internal Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 11527 Athens, Greece; (A.C.); (K.N.S.)
| | - Niki Gavrielatou
- Department of Pathology, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06510, USA;
| | - Konstantinos N. Syrigos
- Section of Medical Oncology, Third Department of Internal Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 11527 Athens, Greece; (A.C.); (K.N.S.)
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42
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Diwanji D, Trenker R, Thaker TM, Wang F, Agard DA, Verba KA, Jura N. Structures of the HER2-HER3-NRG1β complex reveal a dynamic dimer interface. Nature 2021; 600:339-343. [PMID: 34759323 PMCID: PMC9298180 DOI: 10.1038/s41586-021-04084-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2021] [Accepted: 09/29/2021] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2) and HER3 form a potent pro-oncogenic heterocomplex1-3 upon binding of growth factor neuregulin-1β (NRG1β). The mechanism by which HER2 and HER3 interact remains unknown in the absence of any structures of the complex. Here we isolated the NRG1β-bound near full-length HER2-HER3 dimer and, using cryo-electron microscopy, reconstructed the extracellulardomain module, revealing unexpected dynamics at the HER2-HER3 dimerization interface. We show that the dimerization arm of NRG1β-bound HER3 is unresolved because the apo HER2 monomer does not undergo a ligand-induced conformational change needed to establish a HER3 dimerization arm-binding pocket. In a structure of the oncogenic extracellular domain mutant HER2(S310F), we observe a compensatory interaction with the HER3 dimerization arm that stabilizes the dimerization interface. Both HER2-HER3 and HER2(S310F)-HER3 retain the capacity to bind to the HER2-directed therapeutic antibody trastuzumab, but the mutant complex does not bind to pertuzumab. Our structure of the HER2(S310F)-HER3-NRG1β-trastuzumab Fab complex reveals that the receptor dimer undergoes a conformational change to accommodate trastuzumab. Thus, similar to oncogenic mutations, therapeutic agents exploit the intrinsic dynamics of the HER2-HER3 heterodimer. The unique features of a singly liganded HER2-HER3 heterodimer underscore the allosteric sensing of ligand occupancy by the dimerization interface and explain why extracellular domains of HER2 do not homo-associate via a canonical active dimer interface.
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Affiliation(s)
- Devan Diwanji
- Cardiovascular Research Institute, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA,Medical Scientist Training Program, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA
| | - Raphael Trenker
- Cardiovascular Research Institute, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA
| | - Tarjani M. Thaker
- Cardiovascular Research Institute, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA,Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The University of Arizona, AZ 85721, USA
| | - Feng Wang
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, University of California San Francisco, CA 94158, USA
| | - David A. Agard
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, University of California San Francisco, CA 94158, USA
| | - Kliment A. Verba
- Quantitative Biosciences Institute (QBI), University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA,Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA,Correspondence should be addressed to K.A.V. () or N.J. ()
| | - Natalia Jura
- Cardiovascular Research Institute, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA. .,Department of Cellular and Molecular Pharmacology, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA.
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43
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Faure C, Djerbi-Bouillié R, Domingot A, Bouzinba-Segard H, Taouji S, Saidi Y, Bernard S, Carallis F, Rothe-Walther R, Lenormand JL, Chevet E, Bourdoulous S. Allosteric Inhibition of HER2 by Moesin-Mimicking Compounds Targets HER2-Positive Cancers and Brain Metastases. Cancer Res 2021; 81:5464-5476. [PMID: 34493594 DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.can-21-0162] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2021] [Revised: 07/27/2021] [Accepted: 09/02/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Therapies targeting the tyrosine kinase receptor HER2 have significantly improved survival of patients with HER2+ cancer. However, both de novo and acquired resistance remain a challenge, particularly in the brain metastatic setting. Here we report that, unlike other HER tyrosine kinase receptors, HER2 possesses a binding motif in its cytosolic juxtamembrane region that allows interaction with members of the Ezrin/Radixin/Moesin (ERM) family. Under physiologic conditions, this interaction controls the localization of HER2 in ERM-enriched domains and stabilizes HER2 in a catalytically repressed state. In HER2+ breast cancers, low expression of Moesin correlated with increased HER2 expression. Restoring expression of ERM proteins in HER2+ breast cancer cells was sufficient to revert HER2 activation and inhibit HER2-dependent proliferation. A high-throughput assay recapitulating the HER2-ERM interaction allowed for screening of about 1,500 approved drugs. From this screen, we found Zuclopenthixol, an antipsychotic drug that behaved as a Moesin-mimicking compound, because it directly binds the juxtamembrane region of HER2 and specifically inhibits HER2 activation in HER2+ cancers, as well as activation of oncogenic mutated and truncated forms of HER2. Zuclopenthixol efficiently inhibited HER2+ breast tumor progression in vitro and in vivo and, more importantly, showed significant activity on HER2+ brain tumor progression. Collectively, these data reveal a novel class of allosteric HER2 inhibitors, increasing the number of approaches to consider for intervention on HER2+ breast cancers and brain metastases. SIGNIFICANCE: This study demonstrates the functional role of Moesin in maintaining HER2 in a catalytically repressed state and provides novel therapeutic approaches targeting HER2+ breast cancers and brain metastasis using Moesin-mimicking compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Camille Faure
- Université de Paris, Institut Cochin, Inserm, CNRS, Paris, France.
| | | | - Anaïs Domingot
- Université de Paris, Institut Cochin, Inserm, CNRS, Paris, France
| | | | - Saïd Taouji
- Inserm, Université de Bordeaux, Institut Bergonié, Bordeaux, France
| | - Yanis Saidi
- Université de Paris, Institut Cochin, Inserm, CNRS, Paris, France
| | - Sandra Bernard
- Université de Paris, Institut Cochin, Inserm, CNRS, Paris, France
| | | | - Romy Rothe-Walther
- TIMC-IMAG Laboratory, CNRS, Université Joseph Fourier, UFR de Médecine, La Tronche, France
| | - Jean-Luc Lenormand
- TIMC-IMAG Laboratory, CNRS, Université Joseph Fourier, UFR de Médecine, La Tronche, France
| | - Eric Chevet
- Inserm, Université de Bordeaux, Institut Bergonié, Bordeaux, France
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44
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Benedetti F, Stadlbauer K, Stadlmayr G, Rüker F, Wozniak-Knopp G. A Tetravalent Biparatopic Antibody Causes Strong HER2 Internalization and Inhibits Cellular Proliferation. Life (Basel) 2021; 11:life11111157. [PMID: 34833033 PMCID: PMC8624325 DOI: 10.3390/life11111157] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2021] [Revised: 10/18/2021] [Accepted: 10/27/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The overexpression of tyrosine kinase HER2 in numerous cancers, connected with fierce signaling and uncontrolled proliferation, makes it a suitable target for immunotherapy. The acquisition of resistance to currently used compounds and the multiplicity of signaling pathways involved prompted research into the discovery of novel binders as well as treatment options with multiple targeting and multispecific agents. Here we constructed an anti-HER2 tetravalent and biparatopic symmetrical IgG-like molecule by combining the Fab of pertuzumab with a HER2-specific Fcab (Fc fragment with antigen binding), which recognizes an epitope overlapping with trastuzumab. In the strongly HER2-positive cell line SK-BR-3, the molecule induced a rapid and efficient reduction in surface HER2 levels. A potent anti-proliferative effect, specific for the HER2-positive cell line, was observed in vitro, following the induction of apoptosis, and this could not be achieved with treatment with the mixture of pertuzumab and the parental Fcab. The inhibitory cytotoxic effect of our antibody as a single agent makes it a promising contribution to the armory of anti-cancer molecules directed against HER2-addicted cells.
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45
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Yan Q, Cai M, Jing Y, Li H, Xu H, Sun J, Gao J, Wang H. Quantitatively mapping the interaction of HER2 and EGFR on cell membranes with peptide probes. NANOSCALE 2021; 13:17629-17637. [PMID: 34664051 DOI: 10.1039/d1nr02684d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Human epidermal growth factor receptor-2 (HER2) is a member of the epidermal growth factor receptor (HER) family that is involved in various biological processes such as cell proliferation, survival, differentiation, migration and invasion. It generally functions in the form of homo-/hetero-dimers or oligomers with other HER family members. Although its essential roles in cellular activities have been widely recognized, questions concerning the spatial distribution of HER2 on the membranes and the interactions between it and other ErbB family members remain obscure. Here, we obtained a high-quality dSTORM image of HER2 nanoscale clusters recognized by peptide probes, and found that HER2 forms clusters containing different numbers of molecules on cell membranes. Moreover, we found that HER2 and EGFR formed hetero-oligomers on non-stimulated cell membranes, whereas EGF stimulation reduced the degree of heteromerization, suggesting that HER2 and EGFR hetero-oligomers may inhibit the activation of EGFR. Collectively, our work revealed the clustered distribution of HER2 and quantified the changes of the interaction between HER2 and EGFR in the resting and active states at the single molecular level, which promotes a deeper understanding of the protein-protein interaction on cell membranes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiuyan Yan
- State Key Laboratory of Polymer Physics and Chemistry, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130022, P. R. China
| | - Mingjun Cai
- State Key Laboratory of Electroanalytical Chemistry, Research Center of Biomembranomics, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun, Jilin, 130022, China.
| | - Yingying Jing
- State Key Laboratory of Electroanalytical Chemistry, Research Center of Biomembranomics, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun, Jilin, 130022, China.
| | - Hongru Li
- State Key Laboratory of Electroanalytical Chemistry, Research Center of Biomembranomics, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun, Jilin, 130022, China.
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230027, China
| | - Haijiao Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Electroanalytical Chemistry, Research Center of Biomembranomics, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun, Jilin, 130022, China.
| | - Jiayin Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Electroanalytical Chemistry, Research Center of Biomembranomics, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun, Jilin, 130022, China.
| | - Jing Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Electroanalytical Chemistry, Research Center of Biomembranomics, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun, Jilin, 130022, China.
| | - Hongda Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Electroanalytical Chemistry, Research Center of Biomembranomics, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun, Jilin, 130022, China.
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230027, China
- Laboratory for Marine Biology and Biotechnology, Qing Dao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Wenhai Road, Aoshanwei, Jimo, Qingdao, Shandong, 266237, China
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46
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Zheng M, Li C, Zhou M, Jia R, She F, Wei L, Cheng F, Li Q, Cai J, Wang Y. Peptidomimetic-based antibody surrogate for HER2. Acta Pharm Sin B 2021; 11:2645-2654. [PMID: 34589386 PMCID: PMC8463277 DOI: 10.1016/j.apsb.2021.04.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2021] [Revised: 04/15/2021] [Accepted: 04/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Inhibition of human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 mediated cell signaling pathway is an important therapeutic strategy for HER2-positive cancers. Although monoclonal antibodies are currently used as marketed drugs, their large molecular weight, high cost of production and susceptibility to proteolysis could be a hurdle for long-term application. In this study, we reported a strategy for the development of artificial antibody based on γ-AApeptides to target HER2 extracellular domain (ECD). To achieve this, we synthesized a one-bead-two-compound (OBTC) library containing 320,000 cyclic γ-AApeptides, from which we identified a γ-AApeptide, M-3-6, that tightly binds to HER2 selectively. Subsequently, we designed an antibody-like dimer of M-3-6, named M-3-6-D, which showed excellent binding affinity toward HER2 comparable to monoclonal antibodies. Intriguingly, M-3-6-D was completely resistant toward enzymatic degradation. In addition, it could effectively inhibit the phosphorylation of HER2, as well as the downstream signaling pathways of AKT and ERK. Furthermore, M-3-6-D also efficiently inhibited cell proliferation in vitro, and suppressed tumor growth in SKBR3 xenograft model in vivo, implying its therapeutic potential for the treatment of cancers. Its small molecular weight, antibody-like property, resistance to proteolysis, may enable it a new generation of artificial antibody surrogate. Furthermore, our strategy of artificial antibody surrogate based on dimers of cyclic γ-AApeptides could be applied to a myriad of disease-related receptor targets in future.
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47
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Epigenetic Silencing of HER2 Expression during Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition Leads to Trastuzumab Resistance in Breast Cancer. Life (Basel) 2021; 11:life11090868. [PMID: 34575017 PMCID: PMC8472246 DOI: 10.3390/life11090868] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2021] [Revised: 08/12/2021] [Accepted: 08/14/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
HER2 receptor tyrosine kinase (encoded by the ERBB2 gene) is overexpressed in approximately 25% of all breast cancer tumors (HER2-positive breast cancers). Resistance to HER2-targeting therapies is partially due to the loss of HER2 expression in tumor cells during treatment. However, little is known about the exact mechanism of HER2 downregulation in HER2-positive tumor cells. Here, by analyzing publicly available genomic data we investigate the hypothesis that epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) abrogates HER2 expression by epigenetic silencing of the ERBB2 gene as a mechanism of acquired resistance to HER2-targeted therapies. As result, HER2 expression was found to be positively and negatively correlated with the expression of epithelial and mesenchymal phenotype marker genes, respectively. The ERBB2 chromatin of HER2-high epithelial-like breast cancer cells and HER2-low mesenchymal-like cells were found to be open/active and closed/inactive, respectively. Decreased HER2 expression was correlated with increased EMT phenotype, inactivated chromatin and lower response to lapatinib. We also found that induction of EMT in the HER2-positive breast cancer cell line BT474 resulted in downregulated HER2 expression and reduced trastuzumab binding. Our results suggest that ERBB2 gene silencing by epigenetic regulation during EMT may be a mechanism of de novo resistance of HER2-positive breast cancer cells to trastuzumab and lapatinib.
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48
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Tateyama N, Asano T, Ohishi T, Takei J, Hosono H, Nanamiya R, Tanaka T, Sano M, Saito M, Kawada M, Kaneko MK, Kato Y. An Anti-HER2 Monoclonal Antibody H 2Mab-41 Exerts Antitumor Activities in Mouse Xenograft Model Using Dog HER2-Overexpressed Cells. Monoclon Antib Immunodiagn Immunother 2021; 40:184-190. [PMID: 34424760 DOI: 10.1089/mab.2021.0025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Overexpression of human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2) has been reported in a variety of cancer types, including breast, lung, gastric, pancreatic, and colorectal cancers. Trastuzumab, a humanized anti-HER2 monoclonal antibody (mAb), has been shown to provide significant survival benefits in HER2-overexpressing breast cancer and gastric cancer patients. Previously, an anti-HER2 mAb, H2Mab-41 (IgG2b, kappa), was developed in our laboratory and its antitumor activity was demonstrated in mouse xenograft models of human colon cancer. The present study aimed to investigate the ability of H2Mab-41 to induce antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity (ADCC) and complement-dependent cytotoxicity (CDC) in dog HER2 (dHER2)-overexpressed cell lines, and thus exert its antitumor activity against dHER2-overexpressed tumors in vivo. Flow cytometry results demonstrated the cross-reactivity of H2Mab-41 with dHER2. Further evaluation of interaction between H2Mab-41 and dHER2-overexpressed CHO-K1 (CHO/dHER2) cells indicated moderate binding affinity of H2Mab-41 toward dHER2, with a dissociation constant (KD) of 2.6 × 10-8 M. In vitro analysis revealed that the administration of H2Mab-41 induced high levels of ADCC and CDC in CHO/dHER2 cells. Furthermore, intraperitoneal administration of H2Mab-41 in mouse xenograft models of CHO/dHER2 resulted in significant inhibition of tumor development compared to the control mouse IgG. Thus, the findings of the present study demonstrated the in vivo safety and efficacy of H2Mab-41, highlighting its suitability to be included as a part of a therapeutic regimen for dHER2-expressing canine cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nami Tateyama
- Department of Antibody Drug Development, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan
| | - Teizo Asano
- Department of Antibody Drug Development, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan
| | - Tomokazu Ohishi
- Institute of Microbial Chemistry (BIKAKEN), Numazu, Microbial Chemistry Research Foundation, Numazu-shi, Japan
| | - Junko Takei
- Department of Antibody Drug Development, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan
| | - Hideki Hosono
- Department of Antibody Drug Development, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan
| | - Ren Nanamiya
- Department of Antibody Drug Development, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan
| | - Tomohiro Tanaka
- Department of Antibody Drug Development, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan
| | - Masato Sano
- Department of Antibody Drug Development, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan
| | - Masaki Saito
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan
| | - Manabu Kawada
- Institute of Microbial Chemistry (BIKAKEN), Numazu, Microbial Chemistry Research Foundation, Numazu-shi, Japan
| | - Mika K Kaneko
- Department of Antibody Drug Development, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan
| | - Yukinari Kato
- Department of Antibody Drug Development, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan.,Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan.,New Industry Creation Hatchery Center, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan
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49
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Takei J, Asano T, Tanaka T, Sano M, Hosono H, Nanamiya R, Tateyama N, Saito M, Suzuki H, Harada H, Kaneko MK, Kato Y. Development of a Novel Anti-HER2 Monoclonal Antibody H 2Mab-181 for Gastric Cancer. Monoclon Antib Immunodiagn Immunother 2021; 40:168-176. [PMID: 34424764 DOI: 10.1089/mab.2021.0021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2) is a type I transmembrane 185 kDa protein. HER2 is expressed in a variety of normal tissue types and cancer cells. HER2 is associated with cell proliferation, differentiation, and migration. The overexpression of HER2 has been observed in a number of cancers, including breast and gastric cancers. Gastric cancer is one of the most common cancers worldwide, with an annual case rate of ∼1 million people diagnosed with the disease. Trastuzumab is a humanized anti-HER2 monoclonal antibody (mAb) that has been utilized in gastric cancer therapy. In this study, we have developed a novel anti-HER2 mAb, H2Mab-181 (IgG1, kappa), through the immunization of mice with a purified recombinant extracellular domain of HER2. H2Mab-181 can specifically and sensitively detect HER2 in both flow cytometry and Western blot applications in gastric cancer cell lines and can also be utilized in immunohistochemical analyses of gastric cancer tissues. Together, H2Mab-181 could be useful for the diagnosis and therapy in gastric cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junko Takei
- Department of Antibody Drug Development, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan.,Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Teizo Asano
- Department of Antibody Drug Development, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan
| | - Tomohiro Tanaka
- Department of Antibody Drug Development, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan
| | - Masato Sano
- Department of Antibody Drug Development, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan
| | - Hideki Hosono
- Department of Antibody Drug Development, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan
| | - Ren Nanamiya
- Department of Antibody Drug Development, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan
| | - Nami Tateyama
- Department of Antibody Drug Development, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan
| | - Masaki Saito
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan
| | - Hiroyoshi Suzuki
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Sendai Medical Center, Sendai, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Harada
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Mika K Kaneko
- Department of Antibody Drug Development, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan
| | - Yukinari Kato
- Department of Antibody Drug Development, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan.,Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan.,New Industry Creation Hatchery Center, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan
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50
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Murali R, Zhang H, Cai Z, Lam L, Greene M. Rational Design of Constrained Peptides as Protein Interface Inhibitors. Antibodies (Basel) 2021; 10:antib10030032. [PMID: 34449551 PMCID: PMC8395526 DOI: 10.3390/antib10030032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2021] [Revised: 08/06/2021] [Accepted: 08/10/2021] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
The lack of progress in developing targeted therapeutics directed at protein–protein complexes has been due to the absence of well-defined ligand-binding pockets and the extensive intermolecular contacts at the protein–protein interface. Our laboratory has developed approaches to dissect protein–protein complexes focusing on the superfamilies of erbB and tumor necrosis factor (TNF) receptors by the combined use of structural biology and computational biology to facilitate small molecule development. We present a perspective on the development and application of peptide inhibitors as well as immunoadhesins to cell surface receptors performed in our laboratory.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ramachandran Murali
- Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Department of Biomedical Science, Research Division of Immunology, Los Angeles, CA 90211, USA
- Correspondence: (R.M.); (M.G.)
| | - Hongtao Zhang
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA; (H.Z.); (Z.C.); (L.L.)
| | - Zheng Cai
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA; (H.Z.); (Z.C.); (L.L.)
| | - Lian Lam
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA; (H.Z.); (Z.C.); (L.L.)
| | - Mark Greene
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA; (H.Z.); (Z.C.); (L.L.)
- Correspondence: (R.M.); (M.G.)
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