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Vázquez L, Bañares C, Torres CF, Reglero G. Green Technologies for the Production of Modified Lipids. Annu Rev Food Sci Technol 2020; 11:319-337. [PMID: 31910657 DOI: 10.1146/annurev-food-032519-051701] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
In recent years, the use of green solvents in enzyme catalysis of lipophilic compounds is achieving increasing interest from different perspectives. Conducting reactions under supercritical fluids, ionic liquids, deep eutectic solvents, and other green solvents affords opportunities to overcome problems associated with the lack of solubility of lipids in conventional solvents and the poor miscibility of substrates. Research on the biocatalytic production of modified lipids in the framework of green chemistry is conducted to improve the efficiency of obtaining the desired products as well as the selectivity, stability, and activity of the enzymatic systems. This overview describes the fundamentals and characteristics of several types of green solvents, the main variables involved in enzymatic processes, and examples and applications in the field of lipid modification.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luis Vázquez
- Department of Production and Characterization of Novel Foods, Institute of Food Science Research, CIAL (CSIC-UAM), 28049 Madrid, Spain; e-mail:
| | - Celia Bañares
- Department of Production and Characterization of Novel Foods, Institute of Food Science Research, CIAL (CSIC-UAM), 28049 Madrid, Spain; e-mail:
| | - Carlos F Torres
- Department of Production and Characterization of Novel Foods, Institute of Food Science Research, CIAL (CSIC-UAM), 28049 Madrid, Spain; e-mail:
| | - Guillermo Reglero
- Department of Production and Characterization of Novel Foods, Institute of Food Science Research, CIAL (CSIC-UAM), 28049 Madrid, Spain; e-mail: .,Department of Production and Development of Foods for Health, IMDEA-Food Institute, CEI (UAM-CSIC), 28049 Madrid, Spain
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Immobilization of Pseudomonas cepacia lipase on layered double hydroxide of Zn/Al-Cl for kinetic resolution of rac-1-phenylethanol. Enzyme Microb Technol 2019; 130:109365. [DOI: 10.1016/j.enzmictec.2019.109365] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2019] [Revised: 06/16/2019] [Accepted: 06/19/2019] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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The performance of microbial lipase immobilized onto polyolefin supports for hydrolysis of high oleate sunflower oil. Process Biochem 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.procbio.2018.01.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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Infanzón B, Cesarini S, Martínez J, Pastor FIJ, Diaz P. Alternative Oils Tested as Feedstocks for Enzymatic FAMEs Synthesis: Toward a More Sustainable Process. Biotechnol Prog 2017; 33:1209-1217. [DOI: 10.1002/btpr.2558] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2017] [Revised: 07/20/2017] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Belén Infanzón
- Department of Genetics, Microbiology and Statistics; University of Barcelona; Barcelona 08028 Spain
| | - Silvia Cesarini
- Department of Genetics, Microbiology and Statistics; University of Barcelona; Barcelona 08028 Spain
| | - Josefina Martínez
- Department of Genetics, Microbiology and Statistics; University of Barcelona; Barcelona 08028 Spain
- Institute of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology (IN2UB), University of Barcelona; Spain
| | - F. I. Javier Pastor
- Department of Genetics, Microbiology and Statistics; University of Barcelona; Barcelona 08028 Spain
- Institute of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology (IN2UB), University of Barcelona; Spain
| | - Pilar Diaz
- Department of Genetics, Microbiology and Statistics, Faculty of Biology; University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Av. Diagonal 643, 08028; Barcelona Spain
- Institute of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology (IN2UB), University of Barcelona; Spain
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Manoel EA, Ribeiro MF, dos Santos JC, Coelho MAZ, Simas AB, Fernandez-Lafuente R, Freire DM. Accurel MP 1000 as a support for the immobilization of lipase from Burkholderia cepacia : Application to the kinetic resolution of myo -inositol derivatives. Process Biochem 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.procbio.2015.06.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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Cesarini S, Infanzón B, Pastor FIJ, Diaz P. Fast and economic immobilization methods described for non-commercial Pseudomonas lipases. BMC Biotechnol 2014; 14:27. [PMID: 24755191 PMCID: PMC4003287 DOI: 10.1186/1472-6750-14-27] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2013] [Accepted: 04/09/2014] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND There is an increasing interest to seek new enzyme preparations for the development of new products derived from bioprocesses to obtain alternative bio-based materials. In this context, four non-commercial lipases from Pseudomonas species were prepared, immobilized on different low-cost supports, and examined for potential biotechnological applications. RESULTS To reduce costs of eventual scaling-up, the new lipases were obtained directly from crude cell extracts or from growth culture supernatants, and immobilized by simple adsorption on Accurel EP100, Accurel MP1000 and Celite®545. The enzymes evaluated were LipA and LipC from Pseudomonas sp. 42A2, a thermostable mutant of LipC, and LipI.3 from Pseudomonas CR611, which were produced in either homologous or heterologous hosts. Best immobilization results were obtained on Accurel EP100 for LipA and on Accurel MP1000 for LipC and its thermostable variant. Lip I.3, requiring a refolding step, was poorly immobilized on all supports tested (best results for Accurel MP1000). To test the behavior of immobilized lipases, they were assayed in triolein transesterification, where the best results were observed for lipases immobilized on Accurel MP1000. CONCLUSIONS The suggested protocol does not require protein purification and uses crude enzymes immobilized by a fast adsorption technique on low-cost supports, which makes the method suitable for an eventual scaling up aimed at biotechnological applications. Therefore, a fast, simple and economic method for lipase preparation and immobilization has been set up. The low price of the supports tested and the simplicity of the procedure, skipping the tedious and expensive purification steps, will contribute to cost reduction in biotechnological lipase-catalyzed processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Silvia Cesarini
- Department of Microbiology, University of Barcelona, Av. Diagonal 643, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Belén Infanzón
- Department of Microbiology, University of Barcelona, Av. Diagonal 643, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
| | - F I Javier Pastor
- Department of Microbiology, University of Barcelona, Av. Diagonal 643, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Pilar Diaz
- Department of Microbiology, University of Barcelona, Av. Diagonal 643, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
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Preparation of core–shell polymer supports to immobilize lipase B from Candida antarctica. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molcatb.2013.11.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
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Guillén M, Benaiges MD, Valero F. Immobilization and stability of a Rhizopus oryzae lipase expressed in Pichia pastoris: Comparison between native and recombinant variants. Biotechnol Prog 2011; 27:1232-41. [DOI: 10.1002/btpr.654] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2010] [Revised: 04/26/2011] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
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Tufvesson P, Törnvall U, Carvalho J, Karlsson AJ, Hatti-Kaul R. Towards a cost-effective immobilized lipase for the synthesis of specialty chemicals. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2011. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molcatb.2010.11.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Hernáiz M, Alcántara A, García J, Sinisterra J. Applied Biotransformations in Green Solvents. Chemistry 2010; 16:9422-37. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201000798] [Citation(s) in RCA: 91] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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Rodrigues RC, Fernandez-Lafuente R. Lipase from Rhizomucor miehei as an industrial biocatalyst in chemical process. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2010. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molcatb.2010.02.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 171] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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Adkins SS, Hobbs HR, Benaissi K, Johnston KP, Poliakoff M, Thomas NR. Stable colloidal dispersions of a lipase-perfluoropolyether complex in liquid and supercritical carbon dioxide. J Phys Chem B 2008; 112:4760-9. [PMID: 18363394 DOI: 10.1021/jp076930n] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The technique of hydrophobic ion pairing was used to solubilize the lipase from Candida rugosa in a fluorinated solvent, perfluoromethylcyclohexane (PFMC), in complex with a perfluoropolyether (PFPE) surfactant, KDP 4606. The enzyme-surfactant complex was determined to have a hydrodynamic diameter of 6.5 nm at atmospheric pressure by dynamic light scattering (DLS), indicating that a single lipase molecule is stabilized by surrounding surfactant molecules. The complex formed a highly stable colloidal dispersion in both liquid and supercritical carbon dioxide at high CO2 densities (>0.92 and 0.847 g/mL, respectively), with 4% by volume PFMC as a cosolvent, yielding a fluid that was orange, optically translucent, and very nearly transparent. DLS demonstrated aggregation of the enzyme-surfactant complexes in CO2 at 25 and 40 degrees C and various pressures (2000-5000 psia) with hydrodynamic diameters ranging from 50 to 200 nm. The mechanism by which the enzyme-surfactant particles aggregate was shown to be via condensation due to very low polydispersities as characterized by the size distribution moments. Interparticle interactions were investigated with respect to density and temperature, and it was shown that on decreasing the CO2 density, the particle size increased, and the stability against settling decreased. Particle size also decreased as the temperature was increased to 40 degrees C, at constant CO2 density. Nanoparticle aggregates of an enzyme-surfactant complex in CO2, which are nearly optically transparent and stable to settling, are a promising new alternative to previous types of dispersions of proteins in CO2 that either required water/CO2 microemulsions or were composed of large particles unstable to settling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephanie S Adkins
- Department of Chemical Engineering, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas 78712, USA
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Kinetics of thermal degradation and estimation of lifetime for polypropylene particles: Effects of particle size. Polym Degrad Stab 2008. [DOI: 10.1016/j.polymdegradstab.2007.11.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 92] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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Akoh CC, Chang SW, Lee GC, Shaw JF. Enzymatic approach to biodiesel production. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2007; 55:8995-9005. [PMID: 17902621 DOI: 10.1021/jf071724y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 109] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/17/2023]
Abstract
The need for alternative energy sources that combine environmental friendliness with biodegradability, low toxicity, renewability, and less dependence on petroleum products has never been greater. One such energy source is referred to as biodiesel. This can be produced from vegetable oils, animal fats, microalgal oils, waste products of vegetable oil refinery or animal rendering, and used frying oils. Chemically, they are known as monoalkyl esters of fatty acids. The conventional method for producing biodiesel involves acid and base catalysts to form fatty acid alkyl esters. Downstream processing costs and environmental problems associated with biodiesel production and byproducts recovery have led to the search for alternative production methods and alternative substrates. Enzymatic reactions involving lipases can be an excellent alternative to produce biodiesel through a process commonly referred to alcoholysis, a form of transesterification reaction, or through an interesterification (ester interchange) reaction. Protein engineering can be useful in improving the catalytic efficiency of lipases as biocatalysts for biodiesel production. The use of recombinant DNA technology to produce large quantities of lipases, and the use of immobilized lipases and immobilized whole cells, may lower the overall cost, while presenting less downstream processing problems, to biodiesel production. In addition, the enzymatic approach is environmentally friendly, considered a "green reaction", and needs to be explored for industrial production of biodiesel.
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Affiliation(s)
- Casimir C Akoh
- Department of Food Science and Technology, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia 30602, USA
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Hobbs HR, Thomas NR. Biocatalysis in Supercritical Fluids, in Fluorous Solvents, and under Solvent-Free Conditions. Chem Rev 2007; 107:2786-820. [PMID: 17564485 DOI: 10.1021/cr0683820] [Citation(s) in RCA: 213] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Helen R Hobbs
- School of Chemistry, University of Nottingham, University Park, Nottingham, NG7 2RD, United Kingdom
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Paik P, Kar KK. High molecular weight polypropylene nanospheres: Synthesis and characterization. J Appl Polym Sci 2007. [DOI: 10.1002/app.26177] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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Abate A, Brenna E, Fuganti C, Gatti FG, Serra S. Lipase-catalysed preparation of enantiomerically enriched odorants. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2004. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molcatb.2004.09.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Tewari YB, Ihara T, Phinney KW, Mayhew MP. A thermodynamic study of the lipase-catalyzed transesterification of benzyl alcohol and butyl acetate in supercritical carbon dioxide media. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2004. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molcatb.2004.04.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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Characterisation of Accurel MP1004 polypropylene powder and its use as a support for lipase immobilisation. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2003. [DOI: 10.1016/s1381-1177(03)00112-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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Abstract
Lipases constitute the most important group of biocatalysts for biotechnological applications. The high-level production of microbial lipases requires not only the efficient overexpression of the corresponding genes but also a detailed understanding of the molecular mechanisms governing their folding and secretion. The optimisation of industrially relevant lipase properties can be achieved by directed evolution. Furthermore, novel biotechnological applications have been successfully established using lipases for the synthesis of biopolymers and biodiesel, the production of enantiopure pharmaceuticals, agrochemicals, and flavour compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karl-Erich Jaeger
- Institute for Molecular Enzyme Technology, Heinrich-Heine-Universität Düsseldorf, Forschungszentrum Jülich, D-52425, Jülich, Germany.
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