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Chung HK, Kim JH, Choi A, Ahn CW, Kim YS, Nam JS. Antioxidant-Rich Dietary Intervention Improves Cardiometabolic Profiles and Arterial Stiffness in Elderly Koreans with Metabolic Syndrome. Yonsei Med J 2022; 63:26-33. [PMID: 34913281 PMCID: PMC8688374 DOI: 10.3349/ymj.2022.63.1.26] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2021] [Revised: 10/06/2021] [Accepted: 10/18/2021] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Oxidative stress plays an important role in the pathogenesis of chronic metabolic diseases. This study investigated the effect of the antioxidant-rich dietary intervention on oxidative stress, metabolic parameters, and arterial stiffness in elderly Koreans with metabolic syndrome (MetS). MATERIALS AND METHODS Thirty-one subjects with MetS were enrolled and randomly divided into dietary intervention group and control group. Subjects in the intervention group received three meal boxes prepared with antioxidant-rich ingredients every day for 4 weeks, and subjects in the control group maintained their usual diets. Anthropometric and various biochemical parameters related to oxidative stress, inflammation, and MetS were assessed. Brachial-ankle pulse wave velocity (baPWV) and fat measurement using computed tomography were also conducted before and after 4 weeks. RESULTS There were significant differences in waist circumference, visceral to subcutaneous fat ratio, lipid peroxidation, oxidized low density lipoprotein (oxLDL), systolic and diastolic blood pressure, lipid parameters, advanced glycation end products, and baPWV between before and after the study in the experimental group (all p<0.05). Significant inter-group differences were observed between the experimental and control group in terms of the differences in body mass index, waist circumference, oxygen radical absorbance capacity, protein carboxylation, lipid peroxidation, oxLDL, blood pressure, lipid parameters, and baPWV between before and after the study (all p<0.05). CONCLUSION Antioxidant-rich dietary intervention for a 4-week period ameliorated the state of oxidative stress and improved the components of MetS including central obesity, dyslipidemia, hypertension, and arterial stiffness in elderly Koreans with MetS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hye-Kyung Chung
- Severance Institute for Vascular and Metabolic Research, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jung Hye Kim
- Division of Endocrinology, Department of Internal Medicine, Gangnam Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Arim Choi
- Division of Endocrinology, Department of Internal Medicine, Gangnam Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Chul Woo Ahn
- Severance Institute for Vascular and Metabolic Research, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
- Division of Endocrinology, Department of Internal Medicine, Gangnam Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Yu-Sik Kim
- Severance Institute for Vascular and Metabolic Research, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.
| | - Ji Sun Nam
- Severance Institute for Vascular and Metabolic Research, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
- Division of Endocrinology, Department of Internal Medicine, Gangnam Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.
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Mahmood R, Kayani WK, Ahmed T, Malik F, Hussain S, Ashfaq M, Ali H, Rubnawaz S, Green BD, Calderwood D, Kenny O, Rivera GA, Mirza B, Rasheed F. Assessment of antidiabetic potential and phytochemical profiling of Rhazya stricta root extracts. BMC Complement Med Ther 2020; 20:293. [PMID: 32993632 PMCID: PMC7523044 DOI: 10.1186/s12906-020-03035-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2020] [Accepted: 07/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Diabetes mellitus is a chronic disease characterized by hyperglycemia that may occur due to genetic, environmental or lifestyle factors. Natural remedies have been used to treat diabetes since long and many antidiabetic compounds of varied efficacies have been isolated from medicinal plants. Rhazya stricta has been used for decades for the treatment of diabetes mellitus and associated ailments. Considering the folkloric use of R. stricta against diabetes, it was aimed to investigate the effectiveness of its root extracts against diabetes through in vitro assays and in vivo studies using animal model along with phytochemical profiling through GCMS. Methods Various fractions of Rhazya stricta obtained through column chromatography were evaluated for a variety of assays including α-glucosidase, Dipeptidyl peptidase-IV (DPP-IV), β-secretase and Glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) secretion studies. For the in vivo studies the alloxan-induced diabetic mice were treated with root extracts and blood glucose levels, HbA1C, and other biochemical markers along with the histological study of the liver were done. The phytochemical identification was performed using an Agilent 7890B GC coupled to a 7010 Triple Quadrupole (MS/MS) system. GraphPad Prism software version 5.01 was used for statistical analysis. Results Majority of the extract fractions showed excellent results against diabetes by inhibiting enzymes DPP-IV (Up to 61%) and β-secretase (Up to 83%) with IC50s 979 μg/ml and 169 μg/ml respectively with increase in the GLP1 secretion. The results of in vivo studies indicated a marked reduction in blood glucose and HbA1c levels along with positive effects on other parameters like lipid profile, liver functions and renal functions of extract-treated mice as compared to control. The histological examination of the liver demonstrated hepatoprotective effects against diabetes led changes and various classes of phytochemicals were also identified through GCMS in different fractions. Conclusion The results revealed strong antidiabetic activity of R. stricta root with the potential to protect body organs against diabetic changes. Moreover, a variety of phytochemicals has also been identified through GCMS that might be responsible for the antidiabetic potential of Rhazya stricta root. Graphical abstract ![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Rashid Mahmood
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad, Pakistan.,Drugs Control & Traditional Medicines Division, National Institute of Health, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Waqas Khan Kayani
- Department of Plant Breeding, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Växtskyddsvägen 1, SE-230 53 Alnarp, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Tanveer Ahmed
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Farnaz Malik
- Drugs Control & Traditional Medicines Division, National Institute of Health, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Shahzad Hussain
- Drugs Control & Traditional Medicines Division, National Institute of Health, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Ashfaq
- Drugs Control & Traditional Medicines Division, National Institute of Health, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Hussain Ali
- Animal House, National Institute of Health, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Samina Rubnawaz
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Brian D Green
- Institute for Global Food Security, School of Biological Sciences, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, Northern Ireland
| | - Danielle Calderwood
- Institute for Global Food Security, School of Biological Sciences, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, Northern Ireland
| | - Owen Kenny
- Institute for Global Food Security, School of Biological Sciences, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, Northern Ireland
| | - Gerardo A Rivera
- Institute for Global Food Security, School of Biological Sciences, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, Northern Ireland
| | - Bushra Mirza
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Faiza Rasheed
- KTH Royal Institute of Technology, School of Chemical Science and Engineering, SE-100 44, Stockholm, Sweden.
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Gite SS, Yadav SA, Nilegaonkar SS, Agte VV. Functional food supplements to ameliorate the secondary complications in high fructose fed diabetic rats. Food Funct 2017; 8:1840-1850. [DOI: 10.1039/c7fo00283a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Poly-herbal functional food supplements inhibited high fructose induced glycation in diabetic rats and showed promise for effective management of secondary complications of diabetes such as improved lipid profile, kidney function and reduction of oxidative stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- S. S. Gite
- Agharkar Research Institute
- G.G. Agarkar Road
- Pune 411004
- India
| | - S. A. Yadav
- Agharkar Research Institute
- G.G. Agarkar Road
- Pune 411004
- India
| | | | - V. V. Agte
- Agharkar Research Institute
- G.G. Agarkar Road
- Pune 411004
- India
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Chikezie PC, Ekechukwu CU. Acute patho-toxicological indicators of methaemoglobinemia. JOURNAL OF ACUTE DISEASE 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.joad.2016.03.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
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Lubrano V, Balzan S. Enzymatic antioxidant system in vascular inflammation and coronary artery disease. World J Exp Med 2015; 5:218-224. [PMID: 26618108 PMCID: PMC4655251 DOI: 10.5493/wjem.v5.i4.218] [Citation(s) in RCA: 89] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2015] [Revised: 08/07/2015] [Accepted: 11/04/2015] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
In biological systems there is a balance between the production and neutralization of reactive oxygen species (ROS). This balance is maintained by the presence of natural antioxidants and antioxidant enzymes such as superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase and glutathione peroxidase. The enhancement of lipid peroxidation or the decrease of antioxidant protection present in metabolic diseases or bad lifestyle can induce endothelial dysfunction and atherosclerosis. Clinical studies have shown that oxidative stress can increase ROS reducing the formation of antioxidant defences, especially in subjects with coronary artery disease (CAD). Some observation indicated that in the early stages of the disease there is a homeostatic up-regulation of the antioxidant enzyme system in response to increased free radicals to prevent vascular damage. As soon as free radicals get to chronically elevated levels, this compensation ceases. Therefore, SOD and the other enzymes may represent a good therapeutic target against ROS, but they are not useful markers for the diagnosis of CAD. In conclusion antioxidant enzymes are reduced in presence of metabolic disease and CAD. However the existence of genes that promote their enzymatic activity could contribute to create new drugs for the treatment of damage caused by metabolic diseases or lifestyle that increases the plasma ROS levels.
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Rajendran P, Nandakumar N, Rengarajan T, Palaniswami R, Gnanadhas EN, Lakshminarasaiah U, Gopas J, Nishigaki I. Antioxidants and human diseases. Clin Chim Acta 2014; 436:332-47. [PMID: 24933428 DOI: 10.1016/j.cca.2014.06.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 270] [Impact Index Per Article: 27.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2014] [Revised: 06/04/2014] [Accepted: 06/05/2014] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Oxidative stress plays a pivotal role in the development of human diseases. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) that includes hydrogen peroxide, hyphochlorus acid, superoxide anion, singlet oxygen, lipid peroxides, hypochlorite and hydroxyl radical are involved in growth, differentiation, progression and death of the cell. They can react with membrane lipids, nucleic acids, proteins, enzymes and other small molecules. Low concentrations of ROS has an indispensable role in intracellular signalling and defence against pathogens, while, higher amounts of ROS play a role in number of human diseases, including arthritis, cancer, diabetes, atherosclerosis, ischemia, failures in immunity and endocrine functions. Antioxidants presumably act as safeguard against the accumulation of ROS and their elimination from the system. The aim of this review is to highlight advances in understanding of the ROS and also to summarize the detailed impact and involvement of antioxidants in selected human diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peramaiyan Rajendran
- NPO-International Laboratory of Biochemistry, 1-166, Uchide, Nakagawa-ku, Nagoya 454-0926, Japan
| | - Natarajan Nandakumar
- Shraga Segal Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Genetics, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Israel
| | | | - Rajendran Palaniswami
- Department of Applied Zoology and Biotechnology, Vivekananda College (A Gurukula Institute of Life Training), Affiliated to Madurai Kamaraj University, Thiruvedakam West, Madurai 625234, India
| | - Edwinoliver Nesamony Gnanadhas
- Avram and Stella Goldstein-Goren Department of Biotechnology Engineering, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva 84105, Israel
| | - Uppalapati Lakshminarasaiah
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry and Pharmacology, Soroka University Medical Center, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Be'er-Sheva 84105, Israel
| | - Jacob Gopas
- Shraga Segal Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Genetics, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Israel; Oncology Department Soroka University Medical Center, Be'er-Sheva 84105, Israel
| | - Ikuo Nishigaki
- NPO-International Laboratory of Biochemistry, 1-166, Uchide, Nakagawa-ku, Nagoya 454-0926, Japan.
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Lal A, Atamna W, Killilea DW, Suh JH, Ames BN. Lipoic acid and acetyl-carnitine reverse iron-induced oxidative stress in human fibroblasts. Redox Rep 2013; 13:2-10. [DOI: 10.1179/135100008x259150] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
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Matough FA, Budin SB, Hamid ZA, Alwahaibi N, Mohamed J. The role of oxidative stress and antioxidants in diabetic complications. Sultan Qaboos Univ Med J 2012; 12:5-18. [PMID: 22375253 PMCID: PMC3286717 DOI: 10.12816/0003082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 335] [Impact Index Per Article: 27.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2011] [Revised: 10/25/2011] [Accepted: 12/07/2011] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Diabetes is considered to be one of the most common chronic diseases worldwide. There is a growing scientific and public interest in connecting oxidative stress with a variety of pathological conditions including diabetes mellitus (DM) as well as other human diseases. Previous experimental and clinical studies report that oxidative stress plays a major role in the pathogenesis and development of complications of both types of DM. However, the exact mechanism by which oxidative stress could contribute to and accelerate the development of complications in diabetic mellitus is only partly known and remains to be clarified. On the one hand, hyperglycemia induces free radicals; on the other hand, it impairs the endogenous antioxidant defense system in patients with diabetes. Endogenous antioxidant defense mechanisms include both enzymatic and non-enzymatic pathways. Their functions in human cells are to counterbalance toxic reactive oxygen species (ROS). Common antioxidants include the vitamins A, C, and E, glutathione (GSH), and the enzymes superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), glutathione peroxidase (GPx), and glutathione reductase (GRx). This review describes the importance of endogenous antioxidant defense systems, their relationship to several pathophysiological processes and their possible therapeutic implications in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fatmah A Matough
- Programme of Biomedical Science, School of Diagnostic & Applied Health Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Siti B Budin
- Programme of Biomedical Science, School of Diagnostic & Applied Health Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Zariyantey A Hamid
- Programme of Biomedical Science, School of Diagnostic & Applied Health Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Nasar Alwahaibi
- Department of Pathology, College of Medicine & Health Sciences, Sultan Qaboos University, Muscat, Oman
| | - Jamaludin Mohamed
- Programme of Biomedical Science, School of Diagnostic & Applied Health Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
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Mohasseb M, Ebied S, Yehia MAH, Hussein N. Testicular oxidative damage and role of combined antioxidant supplementation in experimental diabetic rats. J Physiol Biochem 2010; 67:185-94. [DOI: 10.1007/s13105-010-0062-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2010] [Accepted: 11/09/2010] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
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Nho JW, Hwang IG, Joung EM, Kim HY, Chang SJ, Jeong HS. Biological Activities of Magnolia denudata Desr. Flower Extracts. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2009. [DOI: 10.3746/jkfn.2009.38.11.1478] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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Haenen GRMM, Arts MJTJ, Bast A, Coleman MD. Structure and activity in assessing antioxidant activity in vitro and in vivo A critical appraisal illustrated with the flavonoids. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY AND PHARMACOLOGY 2006; 21:191-198. [PMID: 21783657 DOI: 10.1016/j.etap.2005.07.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
Structure-activity relationships are indispensable to identify the most optimal antioxidants. The advantages of in vitro over in vivo experiments for obtaining these relationships are, that the structure is better defined in vitro, since less metabolism takes place. It is also the case that the concentration, a parameter that is directly linked to activity, is more accurately controlled. Moreover, the reactions that occur in vivo, including feed-back mechanisms, are often too multi-faceted and diverse to be compensated for during the assessment of a single structure-activity relationship. Pitfalls of in vitro antioxidant research include: (i) by definition, antioxidants are not stable and substantial amounts of oxidation products are formed and (ii) during the scavenging of reactive species, reaction products of the antioxidants accumulate. Another problem is that the maintenance of a defined concentration of antioxidants is subject to processes such as oxidation and the formation of reaction products during the actual antioxidant reaction, as well as the compartmentalization of the antioxidant and the reactive species in the in vitro test system. So determinations of in vitro structure-activity relationships are subject to many competing variables and they should always be evaluated critically.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guido R M M Haenen
- Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, Universtat Maastricht, Maastricht, The Netherlands
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