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Mao R, Wang F, Zhong Y, Meng X, Zhang T, Li J. Association of biological age acceleration with cardiac morphology, function, and incident heart failure: insights from UK Biobank participants. Eur Heart J Cardiovasc Imaging 2024; 25:1315-1323. [PMID: 38747402 DOI: 10.1093/ehjci/jeae126] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2023] [Revised: 05/02/2024] [Accepted: 05/03/2024] [Indexed: 08/28/2024] Open
Abstract
AIMS Advanced age is associated with an increased risk of adverse cardiovascular events. The relationship between biological age acceleration (BAA), cardiac size, cardiac function, and heart failure (HF) is not well-defined. METHODS AND RESULTS Utilizing the UK Biobank cohort, we assessed biological age using the Klemera-Doubal and PhenoAge methods. BAA was quantified by residual analysis compared with chronological age. Cardiovascular magnetic resonance (CMR) imaging provided detailed insights into cardiac structure and function. We employed multivariate regression to examine links between BAA and CMR-derived cardiac phenotypes. Cox proportional hazard regression models analysis was applied to explore the causative relationship between BAA and HF. Additionally, Mendelian randomization was used to investigate the genetic underpinnings of these associations. A significant correlation was found between increased BAA and deleterious changes in cardiac structure, such as diminished left ventricular mass, lower overall ventricular volume, and reduced stroke volumes across ventricles and atria. Throughout a median follow-up of 13.8 years, participants with greater biological aging showed a heightened risk of HF [26% per standard deviation (SD) increase in KDM-BA acceleration, 95% confidence intervals (CI): 23-28%; 33% per SD increase in PhenoAge acceleration, 95% CI: 32-35%]. Mendelian randomization analysis suggests a likely causal link between BAA, vital cardiac metrics, and HF risk. CONCLUSION In this cohort, accelerated biological aging may serve as a risk indicator for altered cardiac dimensions, functionality, and the onset of heart failure among middle-aged and elderly adults. It holds promise as a focal point for evaluating risk and developing targeted interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rui Mao
- Department of Dermatology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, No. 87, Xiangya Road, Changsha City, Hunan Province 410008, China
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Aging Biology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, No. 87, Xiangya Road, Changsha City, Hunan Province 410008, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, No. 87, Xiangya Road, Changsha City, Hunan Province 410008, China
| | - Fan Wang
- Department of Dermatology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, No. 87, Xiangya Road, Changsha City, Hunan Province 410008, China
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Aging Biology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, No. 87, Xiangya Road, Changsha City, Hunan Province 410008, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, No. 87, Xiangya Road, Changsha City, Hunan Province 410008, China
| | - Yun Zhong
- Department of Dermatology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, No. 87, Xiangya Road, Changsha City, Hunan Province 410008, China
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Aging Biology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, No. 87, Xiangya Road, Changsha City, Hunan Province 410008, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, No. 87, Xiangya Road, Changsha City, Hunan Province 410008, China
| | - Xin Meng
- Department of Dermatology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, No. 87, Xiangya Road, Changsha City, Hunan Province 410008, China
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Aging Biology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, No. 87, Xiangya Road, Changsha City, Hunan Province 410008, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, No. 87, Xiangya Road, Changsha City, Hunan Province 410008, China
| | - Tongtong Zhang
- The Center of Gastrointestinal and Minimally Invasive Surgery, The Third People's Hospital of Chengdu, 82 Qinglong Street, Chengdu, Sichuan Province 610031, China
- Medical Research Center, The Third People's Hospital of Chengdu, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Jiaotong University, The Second Chengdu Hospital Affiliated to Chongqing Medical University, 82 Qinglong Street, Chengdu, Sichuan Province 610031, China
| | - Ji Li
- Department of Dermatology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, No. 87, Xiangya Road, Changsha City, Hunan Province 410008, China
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Aging Biology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, No. 87, Xiangya Road, Changsha City, Hunan Province 410008, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, No. 87, Xiangya Road, Changsha City, Hunan Province 410008, China
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Zarzycka W, Kobak KA, King CJ, Peelor FF, Miller BF, Chiao YA. Hyperactive mTORC1/4EBP1 Signaling Dysregulates Proteostasis and Accelerates Cardiac Aging. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2024:2024.05.13.594044. [PMID: 38798509 PMCID: PMC11118374 DOI: 10.1101/2024.05.13.594044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/29/2024]
Abstract
The mechanistic target of rapamycin complex 1 (mTORC1) has a major impact on aging by regulation of proteostasis. It is well established that mTORC1 signaling is hyperactivated with aging and age-related diseases. Previous studies have shown that partial inhibition of mTOR signaling by rapamycin reverses the age-related decline in cardiac function and structure in old mice. However, the downstream signaling pathways involved in this protection against cardiac aging have not been established. TORC1 phosphorylates 4E-binding protein 1 (4EBP1) to promote the initiation of cap-dependent translation. The aim of this project is to examine the role of the mTORC1/4EBP1 axis in age-related cardiac dysfunction. We utilized a whole-body 4EBP1 KO mouse model, which mimics a hyperactive 4EBP1/eIF4E axis, to investigate the effects of hyperactive mTORC1/4EBP1 axis in cardiac aging. Echocardiographic measurements revealed that young 4EBP1 KO mice have no difference in cardiac function at baseline compared to WT mice. Interestingly, middle-aged (14-15-month-old) 4EBP1 KO mice show impaired diastolic function and myocardial performance compared to age-matched WT mice and their diastolic function and myocardial performance are at similar levels as 24-month-old WT mice, suggesting that 4EBP1 KO mice experience accelerated cardiac aging. Old 4EBP1 KO mice show further declines in systolic and diastolic function compared to middle-aged 4EBP1 KO mice and have worse systolic and diastolic function than age-matched old WT mice. Gene expression levels of heart failure markers are not different between 4EBP1 KO and WT mice at these advanced ages. However, ribosomal biogenesis and overall protein ubiquitination are significantly increased in 4EBP1 KO mice when compared to WT, which suggests dysregulated proteostasis. Together, these results show that a hyperactive 4EBP1/eIF4E axis accelerates cardiac aging, potentially by dysregulating proteostasis.
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Pappritz K, Puhl SL, Matz I, Brauer E, Shia YX, El-Shafeey M, Koch SE, Miteva K, Mucha C, Duda GN, Petersen A, Steffens S, Tschöpe C, Van Linthout S. Sex- and age-related differences in the inflammatory properties of cardiac fibroblasts: impact on the cardiosplenic axis and cardiac fibrosis. Front Cardiovasc Med 2023; 10:1117419. [PMID: 38054090 PMCID: PMC10694208 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2023.1117419] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2022] [Accepted: 10/20/2023] [Indexed: 12/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Age and sex are prominent risk factors for heart failure and determinants of structural and functional changes of the heart. Cardiac fibroblasts (cFB) are beyond their task as extracellular matrix-producing cells further recognized as inflammation-supporting cells. The present study aimed to evaluate the impact of sex and age on the inflammatory potential of cFB and its impact on the cardiosplenic axis and cardiac fibrosis. Materials Left ventricles (LV) of 3- and 12-months old male and female C57BL/6J mice were harvested for immunohistochemistry, immunofluorescence and cFB outgrowth culture and the spleen for flow cytometry. LV-derived cFB and respective supernatants were characterized. Results LV-derived cFB from 3-months old male mice exhibited a higher inflammatory capacity, as indicated by a higher gene expression of CC-chemokine ligand (CCL) 2, and CCL7 compared to cFB derived from 3-months old female mice. The resulting higher CCL2/chemokine C-X3-C motif ligand (Cx3CL1) and CCL7/Cx3CL1 protein ratio in cell culture supernatants of 3-months old male vs. female cFB was reflected by a higher migration of Ly6Chigh monocytes towards supernatant from 3-months old male vs. female cFB. In vivo a lower ratio of splenic pro-inflammatory Ly6Chigh to anti-inflammatory Ly6Clow monocytes was found in 3-months old male vs. female mice, suggesting a higher attraction of Ly6Chigh compared to Ly6Clow monocytes towards the heart in male vs. female mice. In agreement, the percentage of pro-inflammatory CD68+ CD206- macrophages was higher in the LV of male vs. female mice at this age, whereas the percentage of anti-inflammatory CD68+ CD206+ macrophages was higher in the LV of 3-months old female mice compared to age-matched male animals. In parallel, the percentage of splenic TGF-β+ cells was higher in both 3- and 12-months old female vs. male mice, as further reflected by the higher pro-fibrotic potential of female vs. male splenocytes at both ages. In addition, female mice displayed a higher total LV collagen content compared to age-matched male mice, whereby collagen content of female cFB was higher compared to male cFB at the age of 12-months. Conclusion Age- and sex-dependent differences in cardiac fibrosis and inflammation are related to age- and sex-dependent variations in the inflammatory properties of cardiac fibroblasts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kathleen Pappritz
- Berlin Institute of Health at Charité—Universitätsmedizin Berlin, BIH Center for Regenerative Therapies (BCRT), Berlin, Germany
- Berlin-Brandenburg Center for Regenerative Therapies, Charité—Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Campus Virchow Klinikum (CVK), Berlin, Germany
- German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner Site Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Sarah-Lena Puhl
- Comprehensive Heart Failure Center, Universitätsklinikum Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
- Institute for Cardiovascular Prevention (IPEK), Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität (LMU) Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Isabel Matz
- Berlin Institute of Health at Charité—Universitätsmedizin Berlin, BIH Center for Regenerative Therapies (BCRT), Berlin, Germany
- Berlin-Brandenburg Center for Regenerative Therapies, Charité—Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Campus Virchow Klinikum (CVK), Berlin, Germany
- German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner Site Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Erik Brauer
- Berlin Institute of Health at Charité—Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Julius Wolff Institute, Berlin, Germany
| | - Yi Xuan Shia
- Institute for Cardiovascular Prevention (IPEK), Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität (LMU) Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Muhammad El-Shafeey
- Berlin Institute of Health at Charité—Universitätsmedizin Berlin, BIH Center for Regenerative Therapies (BCRT), Berlin, Germany
- Berlin-Brandenburg Center for Regenerative Therapies, Charité—Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Campus Virchow Klinikum (CVK), Berlin, Germany
- German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner Site Berlin, Berlin, Germany
- Medical Biotechnology Research Department, Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology Research Institute (GEBRI), City of Scientific Research and Technological Applications, Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Suzanne E. Koch
- Berlin-Brandenburg Center for Regenerative Therapies, Charité—Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Campus Virchow Klinikum (CVK), Berlin, Germany
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Eindhoven University of Technology, Eindhoven, Netherlands
| | - Kapka Miteva
- Berlin-Brandenburg Center for Regenerative Therapies, Charité—Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Campus Virchow Klinikum (CVK), Berlin, Germany
- Division of Cardiology, Foundation for Medical Research, Department of Medicine Specialized Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Christin Mucha
- Berlin-Brandenburg Center for Regenerative Therapies, Charité—Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Campus Virchow Klinikum (CVK), Berlin, Germany
| | - Georg N. Duda
- Berlin Institute of Health at Charité—Universitätsmedizin Berlin, BIH Center for Regenerative Therapies (BCRT), Berlin, Germany
- Berlin-Brandenburg Center for Regenerative Therapies, Charité—Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Campus Virchow Klinikum (CVK), Berlin, Germany
- Berlin Institute of Health at Charité—Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Julius Wolff Institute, Berlin, Germany
| | - Ansgar Petersen
- Berlin Institute of Health at Charité—Universitätsmedizin Berlin, BIH Center for Regenerative Therapies (BCRT), Berlin, Germany
- Berlin-Brandenburg Center for Regenerative Therapies, Charité—Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Campus Virchow Klinikum (CVK), Berlin, Germany
- Berlin Institute of Health at Charité—Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Julius Wolff Institute, Berlin, Germany
| | - Sabine Steffens
- Institute for Cardiovascular Prevention (IPEK), Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität (LMU) Munich, Munich, Germany
- German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner Site Munich Heart Alliance (MHA), Munich, Germany
| | - Carsten Tschöpe
- Berlin Institute of Health at Charité—Universitätsmedizin Berlin, BIH Center for Regenerative Therapies (BCRT), Berlin, Germany
- Berlin-Brandenburg Center for Regenerative Therapies, Charité—Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Campus Virchow Klinikum (CVK), Berlin, Germany
- German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner Site Berlin, Berlin, Germany
- Department Cardiology, Angiology, and Intensive Medicine (CVK) at the German Heart Center of the Charite (DHZC), Charité—Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
- Institute of Heart Diseases, Wroclaw Medical University, Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Sophie Van Linthout
- Berlin Institute of Health at Charité—Universitätsmedizin Berlin, BIH Center for Regenerative Therapies (BCRT), Berlin, Germany
- Berlin-Brandenburg Center for Regenerative Therapies, Charité—Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Campus Virchow Klinikum (CVK), Berlin, Germany
- German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner Site Berlin, Berlin, Germany
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Nickel CH, Kellett J. Assessing Physiologic Reserve and Frailty in the Older Emergency Department Patient: Should the Paradigm Change? Clin Geriatr Med 2023; 39:475-489. [PMID: 37798060 DOI: 10.1016/j.cger.2023.05.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/07/2023]
Abstract
Older patients are more vulnerable to acute illness or injury because of reduced physiologic reserve associated with aging. Therefore, their assessment in the emergency department (ED) should include not only vital signs and their baseline values but also changes that reflect physiologic reserve, such as mobility, mental status, and frailty. Combining aggregated vitals sign scores and frailty might improve risk stratification in the ED. Implementing these changes in ED assessment may require the introduction of senior-friendly processes to ensure ED treatment is appropriate to the older patients' immediate discomfort, personal goals, and likely prognosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christian H Nickel
- Emergency Department, University Hospital Basel, University of Basel, Petersgraben 2, Basel CH-4031, Switzerland.
| | - John Kellett
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Odense University Hospital, University of Southern Denmark, Denmark
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Cerebral Arterial Asymmetries in the Neonate: Insight into the Pathogenesis of Stroke. Symmetry (Basel) 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/sym14030456] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Neonatal and adult strokes are more common in the left than in the right cerebral hemisphere in the middle cerebral arterial territory, and adult extracranial and intracranial vessels are systematically left-dominant. The aim of the research reported here was to determine whether the asymmetric vascular ground plan found in adults was present in healthy term neonates (n = 97). A new transcranial Doppler ultrasonography dual-view scanning protocol, with concurrent B-flow and pulsed wave imaging, acquired multivariate data on the neonatal middle cerebral arterial structure and function. This study documents for the first-time systematic asymmetries in the middle cerebral artery origin and distal trunk of healthy term neonates and identifies commensurately asymmetric hemodynamic vulnerabilities. A systematic leftward arterial dominance was found in the arterial caliber and cortically directed blood flow. The endothelial wall shear stress was also asymmetric across the midline and varied according to vessels’ geometry. We conclude that the arterial structure and blood supply in the brain are laterally asymmetric in newborns. Unfavorable shearing forces, which are a by-product of the arterial asymmetries described here, might contribute to a greater risk of cerebrovascular pathology in the left hemisphere.
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6
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Budhathoki S, Graham C, Sethu P, Kannappan R. Engineered Aging Cardiac Tissue Chip Model for Studying Cardiovascular Disease. Cells Tissues Organs 2022; 211:348-359. [PMID: 34365455 PMCID: PMC8818062 DOI: 10.1159/000516954] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2021] [Accepted: 04/29/2021] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Due to the rapidly growing number of older people worldwide and the concomitant increase in cardiovascular complications, there is an urgent need for age-related cardiac disease modeling and drug screening platforms. In the present study, we developed a cardiac tissue chip model that incorporates hemodynamic loading and mimics essential aspects of the infarcted aging heart. We induced cellular senescence in H9c2 myoblasts using low-dose doxorubicin treatment. These senescent cells were then used to engineer cardiac tissue fibers, which were subjected to hemodynamic stresses associated with pressure-volume changes in the heart. Myocardial ischemia was modeled in the engineered cardiac tissue via hypoxic treatment. Our results clearly show that acute low-dose doxorubicin treatment-induced senescence, as evidenced by morphological and molecular markers, including enlarged and flattened nuclei, DNA damage response foci, and increased expression of cell cycle inhibitor p16INK4a, p53, and ROS. Under normal hemodynamic load, the engineered cardiac tissues demonstrated cell alignment and retained cardiac cell characteristics. Our senescent cardiac tissue model of hypoxia-induced myocardial infarction recapitulated the pathological disease hallmarks such as increased cell death and upregulated expression of ANP and BNP. In conclusion, the described methodology provides a novel approach to generate stress-induced aging cardiac cell phenotypes and engineer cardiac tissue chip models to study the cardiovascular disease pathologies associated with aging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sachin Budhathoki
- Division of Cardiovascular Disease, Departments of Medicine, The University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA
| | - Caleb Graham
- Division of Cardiovascular Disease, Departments of Medicine, The University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA
| | - Palaniappan Sethu
- Division of Cardiovascular Disease, Departments of Medicine, The University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA
| | - Ramaswamy Kannappan
- Division of Cardiovascular Disease, Departments of Medicine, The University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA
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7
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Pavlik G, Kováts T, Kneffel Z, Komka Z, Radák Z, Tóth M, Nemcsik J. Characteristics of the athlete's heart in aged hypertensive and normotensive subjects. J Sports Med Phys Fitness 2021; 62:990-996. [PMID: 34546024 DOI: 10.23736/s0022-4707.21.12699-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Both hypertension and age-related impairment of the cardiac condition are known to be improved by regular physical training. As relatively few studies have been reported about the older, hypertensive patients, the aim of this study was to establish cardiac benefits of active lifestyle in these subjects. METHODS Two-dimensionally guided M-mode, Doppler- and tissue Doppler echocardiography was performed in 199 normo- and hypertensive, active and sedentary older (age>60 yrs.) men (111) and women (88). Results were compared either by ANOVA, or by Kruskall-Wallis test. RESULTS The left ventricular muscle index (LVMI), which is higher in young active than in sedentary persons, proved to be smaller in the active than sedentary older subjects: men normotensives: actives 83 vs. sedentary ones 98, hypertensives: actives 88 vs. sedentary ones 107, women normotensives: actives 77 vs. sedentary ones 89 g/m3. Diastolic function was better in the active groups demonstrated both by the ratio of the early to atrial peak blood flow velocities (men: normotensives: actives 1.03 vs. sedentary ones 0.76, women normotensives: actives 1.21 vs. sedentary ones 0.9, hypertensives: actives 1.04 vs. sedentary ones 0.88). The tissue Doppler results were also better in the active groups; the difference between the active and sedentary groups was more marked in the normotensive male groups than in the hypertensive ones. CONCLUSIONS Active lifestyle prevents age-related pathological LV hypertrophy, and attenuates the LV diastolic dysfunction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gábor Pavlik
- Department of Health Sciences and Sports Medicine, University of Physical Education, Budapest, Hungary -
| | - Tímea Kováts
- Department of Health Sciences and Sports Medicine, University of Physical Education, Budapest, Hungary.,The Heart and Vascular Centre, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Zsuzsanna Kneffel
- Department of Health Sciences and Sports Medicine, University of Physical Education, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Zsolt Komka
- Department of Health Sciences and Sports Medicine, University of Physical Education, Budapest, Hungary.,The Heart and Vascular Centre, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Zsolt Radák
- Research Centre for Molecular Exercise Science, University of Physical Education, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Mikós Tóth
- Department of Health Sciences and Sports Medicine, University of Physical Education, Budapest, Hungary
| | - János Nemcsik
- Department of Family Medicine, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
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8
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Ding X, Lian H, Wang X. Management of Very Old Patients in Intensive Care Units. Aging Dis 2021; 12:614-624. [PMID: 33815886 PMCID: PMC7990356 DOI: 10.14336/ad.2020.0914] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2020] [Accepted: 09/14/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The global population is aging and the demand for critical care wards increasing. Aging is associated not only with physiological and cognitive vulnerability, but also with a decline in organ function. A new topic in geriatric care is how to appropriately use critical care resources and provide the best treatment plan for very old patients (VOPs). Our special geriatric intensive care unit has admitted nearly 500 VOPs. In this review, we share our VOP treatment strategy and summarize the key points as “ABCCDEFGHI bundles.” The aim is to help intensivists to provide more comprehensive therapy for VOPs in intensive care units.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Ding
- 1Department of Critical Care Medicine, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Hui Lian
- 2Department of Health Care, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaoting Wang
- 1Department of Critical Care Medicine, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China.,2Department of Health Care, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
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Hu KM, Brown RM. Resuscitation of the Critically Ill Older Adult. Emerg Med Clin North Am 2021; 39:273-286. [PMID: 33863459 DOI: 10.1016/j.emc.2020.12.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
In 30 years, adults 65 and older will represent 20% of the US population, with increased medical comorbidities leading to higher rates of critical illness and mortality. Despite significant acute illness, presenting symptoms and vital sign abnormalities may be subtle. Resuscitative guidelines are a helpful starting point but appropriate diagnostics, bedside ultrasound, and frequent reassessments are needed to avoid procrustean care that may worsen outcomes. Baseline functional status is as important as underlying comorbid conditions when prognosticating, and the patient's personal wishes should be sought early and throughout care with clear communication regarding prospects for immediate survival and overall recovery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kami M Hu
- Department of Emergency Medicine, University of Maryland School of Medicine, 110 South Paca Street, 6th Floor, Suite 200, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA; Department of Internal Medicine, University of Maryland School of Medicine, 110 South Paca Street, 6th Floor, Suite 200, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA.
| | - Robert M Brown
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Virginia Tech Carilion School of Medicine, Carilion Roanoke Memorial Hospital, 1906 Belleview Ave SE, Roanoke, VA 24014, USA
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10
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Darden DB, Moore FA, Brakenridge SC, Navarro EB, Anton SD, Leeuwenburgh C, Moldawer LL, Mohr AM, Efron PA, Mankowski RT. The Effect of Aging Physiology on Critical Care. Crit Care Clin 2021; 37:135-150. [PMID: 33190766 PMCID: PMC8194285 DOI: 10.1016/j.ccc.2020.08.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Older patients experience a decline in their physiologic reserves as well as chronic low-grade inflammation named "inflammaging." Both of these contribute significantly to aging-related factors that alter the acute, subacute, and chronic response of these patients to critical illness, such as sepsis. Unfortunately, this altered response to stressors can lead to chronic critical illness followed by dismal outcomes and death. The primary goal of this review is to briefly highlight age-specific changes in physiologic systems majorly affected in critical illness, especially because it pertains to sepsis and trauma, which can lead to chronic critical illness and describe implications in clinical management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dijoia B Darden
- Department of Surgery, University of Florida College of Medicine, 1600 SW Archer Road, Gainesville, FL 32610, USA
| | - Frederick A Moore
- Department of Surgery, University of Florida College of Medicine, 1600 SW Archer Road, Gainesville, FL 32610, USA
| | - Scott C Brakenridge
- Department of Surgery, University of Florida College of Medicine, 1600 SW Archer Road, Gainesville, FL 32610, USA
| | - Eduardo B Navarro
- Department of Surgery, University of Florida College of Medicine, 1600 SW Archer Road, Gainesville, FL 32610, USA
| | - Stephen D Anton
- Department of Aging and Geriatric Research, University of Florida, 2004 Mowry Road, Gainesville, FL 32611, USA
| | - Christiaan Leeuwenburgh
- Department of Aging and Geriatric Research, University of Florida, 2004 Mowry Road, Gainesville, FL 32611, USA
| | - Lyle L Moldawer
- Department of Surgery, University of Florida College of Medicine, 1600 SW Archer Road, Gainesville, FL 32610, USA
| | - Alicia M Mohr
- Department of Surgery, University of Florida College of Medicine, 1600 SW Archer Road, Gainesville, FL 32610, USA
| | - Philip A Efron
- Department of Surgery, University of Florida College of Medicine, 1600 SW Archer Road, Gainesville, FL 32610, USA
| | - Robert T Mankowski
- Department of Aging and Geriatric Research, University of Florida, 2004 Mowry Road, Gainesville, FL 32611, USA.
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Hodzic A, Garcia D, Saloux E, Ribeiro PAB, Ethier A, Thomas JD, Milliez P, Normand H, Tournoux F. Echocardiographic evidence of left ventricular untwisting-filling interplay. Cardiovasc Ultrasound 2020; 18:8. [PMID: 32075637 PMCID: PMC7029574 DOI: 10.1186/s12947-020-00190-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2019] [Accepted: 02/07/2020] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Left ventricular untwisting generates an early diastolic intraventricular pressure gradient (DIVPG) than can be quantified by echocardiography. We sought to confirm the quantitative relationship between peak untwisting rate and peak DIVPG in a large adult population. Methods From our echocardiographic database, we retrieved all the echocardiograms with a normal left ventricular ejection fraction, for whom color Doppler M-Mode interrogation of mitral inflow was available, and left ventricular untwisting rate was measurable using speckle tracking. Standard indices of left ventricular early diastolic function were assessed by Doppler (peaks E, e’ and Vp) and speckle tracking (peak strain rate Esr). Load dependency of DIVPG and untwisting rate was evaluated using a passive leg raising maneuver. Results We included 154 subjects, aged between 18 to 77 years old, 63% were male. Test-retest reliability for color Doppler-derived DIVPG measurements was good, the intraclass correlation coefficients were 0.97 [0.91–0.99] and 0.97 [0.67–0.99] for intra- and inter-observer reproducibility, respectively. Peak DIVPG was positively correlated with peak untwisting rate (r = 0.73, P < 0.001). On multivariate analysis, peak DIVPG was the only diastolic parameter that was independently associated with untwisting rate. Age and gender were the clinical predictive factors for peak untwisting rate, whereas only age was independently associated with peak DIVPG. Untwisting rate and DIVPG were both load-dependent, without affecting their relationship. Conclusions Color Doppler-derived peak DIVPG was quantitatively and independently associated with peak untwisting rate. It thus provides a reliable flow-based index of early left ventricular diastolic function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amir Hodzic
- Department of Clinical Physiology, INSERM COMETE, Normandie Univ, UNICAEN, CHU de Caen Normandie, 14000, Caen, France. .,Department of Cardiology, Normandie Univ, UNICAEN, CHU de Caen Normandie, 14000, Caen, France. .,Research Center of the Hospital of the University of Montreal (Centre de Recherche du Centre Hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal), Montreal, Canada.
| | - Damien Garcia
- CREATIS, CNRS UMR 5220, INSERM U1206, Université Lyon 1, INSA Lyon, Villeurbanne, France
| | - Eric Saloux
- Department of Cardiology, Normandie Univ, UNICAEN, CHU de Caen Normandie, 14000, Caen, France
| | - Paula A B Ribeiro
- Research Center of the Hospital of the University of Montreal (Centre de Recherche du Centre Hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal), Montreal, Canada
| | - Amélie Ethier
- Research Center of the Hospital of the University of Montreal (Centre de Recherche du Centre Hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal), Montreal, Canada
| | - James D Thomas
- Department of Cardiology, Bluhm Cardiovascular Institute, Northwestern University, Chicago, USA
| | - Paul Milliez
- Department of Cardiology, Normandie Univ, UNICAEN, CHU de Caen Normandie, 14000, Caen, France
| | - Hervé Normand
- Department of Clinical Physiology, INSERM COMETE, Normandie Univ, UNICAEN, CHU de Caen Normandie, 14000, Caen, France
| | - Francois Tournoux
- Research Center of the Hospital of the University of Montreal (Centre de Recherche du Centre Hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal), Montreal, Canada
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12
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Grilo GA, Shaver PR, Stoffel HJ, Morrow CA, Johnson OT, Iyer RP, de Castro Brás LE. Age- and sex-dependent differences in extracellular matrix metabolism associate with cardiac functional and structural changes. J Mol Cell Cardiol 2020; 139:62-74. [PMID: 31978395 PMCID: PMC11017332 DOI: 10.1016/j.yjmcc.2020.01.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2019] [Revised: 12/19/2019] [Accepted: 01/10/2020] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Age-related remodeling of the heart causes structural and functional changes in the left ventricle (LV) that are associated with a high index of morbidities and mortality worldwide. Some cardiac pathologies in the elderly population vary between genders revealing that cardiac remodeling during aging may be sex-dependent. Herein, we analyzed the effects of cardiac aging in male and female C57Bl/6 mice in four age groups, 3, 6, 12, and 18 month old (n = 6-12 animals/sex/age), to elucidate which age-related characteristics of LV remodeling are sex-specific. We focused particularly in parameters associated with age-dependent remodeling of the LV extracellular matrix (ECM) that are involved in collagen metabolism. LV function and anatomical structure were assessed both by conventional echocardiography and speckle tracking echocardiography (STE). We then measured ECM proteins that directly affect LV contractility and remodeling. All data were analyzed across ages and between sexes and were directly linked to LV functional changes. Echocardiography confirmed an age-dependent decrease in chamber volumes and LV internal diameters, indicative of concentric remodeling. As in humans, animals displayed preserved ejection fraction with age. Notably, changes to chamber dimensions and volumes were temporally distinct between sexes. Complementary to the traditional echocardiography, STE revealed that circumferential strain rate declined in 18 month old females, compared to younger animals, but not in males, suggesting STE as an earlier indicator for changes in cardiac function between sexes. Age-dependent collagen deposition and expression in the endocardium did not differ between sexes; however, other factors involved in collagen metabolism were sex-specific. Specifically, while decorin, osteopontin, Cthrc1, and Ddr1 expression were age-dependent but sex-independent, periostin, lysyl oxidase, and Mrc2 displayed age-dependent and sex-specific differences. Moreover, our data also suggest that with age males and females have distinct TGFβ signaling pathways. Overall, our results give evidence of sex-specific molecular changes during physiological cardiac remodeling that associate with age-dependent structural and functional dysfunction. These data highlight the importance of including sex-differences analysis when studying cardiac aging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabriel A Grilo
- Department of Physiology, The Brody School of Medicine, East Carolina University, Greenville, NC 27834, United States of America
| | - Patti R Shaver
- Department of Physiology, The Brody School of Medicine, East Carolina University, Greenville, NC 27834, United States of America
| | - Hamilton J Stoffel
- Department of Physiology, The Brody School of Medicine, East Carolina University, Greenville, NC 27834, United States of America
| | - Caleb Anthony Morrow
- Department of Physiology, The Brody School of Medicine, East Carolina University, Greenville, NC 27834, United States of America
| | - Octavious T Johnson
- Department of Physiology, The Brody School of Medicine, East Carolina University, Greenville, NC 27834, United States of America
| | - Rugmani P Iyer
- Department of Physiology, The Brody School of Medicine, East Carolina University, Greenville, NC 27834, United States of America
| | - Lisandra E de Castro Brás
- Department of Physiology, The Brody School of Medicine, East Carolina University, Greenville, NC 27834, United States of America; Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, The Brody School of Medicine, East Carolina University, Greenville, NC 27834, United States of America.
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13
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Exercise training augments Sirt1-signaling and attenuates cardiac inflammation in D-galactose induced-aging rats. Aging (Albany NY) 2019; 10:4166-4174. [PMID: 30582744 PMCID: PMC6326662 DOI: 10.18632/aging.101714] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2018] [Accepted: 12/06/2018] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
Exercise is known to be beneficial in controlling aging associated disorders however, the consequence of long-term exercise on cardiac health among aging population is not much clear. In this study the protective effect of exercise on aging associated cardiac disorders was determined using a D-galactose-induced aging model. Eight weeks old Sprague Dawley rats were given intraperitoneal injection of 150 mL/kg D-galactose. Swimming exercise was provided in warm water for 60 min/day for five days per week. Hematoxylin and eosin staining of cardiac tissue sections revealed cardiomyocyte disarrangements in the aging rat hearts but long-term exercise training showed improvements in the cardiac histology. Exercise training also enhanced the expression levels of proteins such as SIRT1, PGC-1α and AMPKα1 that are associated with energy homeostasis and further suppressed aging associated inflammatory cytokines. Our results show that long-term exercise training potentially enhances SIRT1 associated anti-aging signaling and provide cardio-protection against aging.
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14
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Orlova IA, Tkacheva ON, Arutyunov GP, Kotovskaya YV, Lopatin YM, Mareev VY, Mareev YV, Runihina NK, Skvortsov AA, Strazhesko ID, Frolova EV. Features of diagnostics and treatment of chronic heart failure in elderly and senile patients. Expert opinion of the Society of Experts in Heart Failure, Russian Association of Gerontologists, and Euroasian Association of Therapists. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2018; 58:42-72. [PMID: 30625107 DOI: 10.18087/cardio.2560] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2018] [Accepted: 12/26/2018] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ia A Orlova
- Lomonosov Moscow State University Medical Research and Educational Center.
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15
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Abstract
Heart failure is the quintessential cardiovascular syndrome of aging that results from common cardiovascular conditions in older adults in conjunction with age-associated changes in cardiovascular structure and function. To a large extent, heart failure is a geriatric syndrome in much the same way that dementia, falls, and frailty are geriatric syndromes. The incidence and prevalence of heart failure increase strikingly with age and make heart failure the most common reason for hospitalization among older adults. Although outcomes for older adults with heart failure have improved over time, mortality, hospitalization, and rehospitalization rates remain high.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kumar Dharmarajan
- Section of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Center for Outcomes Research and Evaluation, Yale-New Haven Hospital, Yale University School of Medicine, 1 Church Street, Suite 200, New Haven, CT 06510, USA.
| | - Michael W Rich
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, 660 South Euclid Avenue, Campus Box 8086, St Louis, MO 63110, USA
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16
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Dong Y, Cui P, Li Z, Zhang S. Aging asymmetry: systematic survey of changes in age-related biomarkers in the annual fish Nothobranchius guentheri. FISH PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY 2017; 43:309-319. [PMID: 27614442 DOI: 10.1007/s10695-016-0288-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2016] [Accepted: 09/02/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Aging asymmetry is the observation that different tissues age in different ways and at different rates. This has not been assessed in a single organism using multiple biomarkers of aging. Here we clearly demonstrated that the levels of protein oxidation and lipid peroxidation as well as CAT, SOD and GPX activities all showed a tissue-dependent change with advancing age; and DNA repair ability, as revealed by the expression of ercc1 and its protein levels, also exhibited a tissue-specific variation with age. We also found that protein oxidation and lipid peroxidation levels remained relatively stable in the liver, intestine, skin and testis as well as in the brain, eye and heart of young, adult and aged fishes; SOD and GPX activities displayed little variation in the intestine, eye and skin as well as in the brain and skin of young, adult and aged fishes; and low and stable expression of ercc1 was observed in the spleen, eye and heart of young, adult and aged fishes. Collectively, these results indicate that aging is tissue specific and asymmetric in N. guentheri. The observation of aging asymmetry may have practical implications for the application of non-intrusion intervention approaches to prolong lifespan.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuan Dong
- Laboratory for Evolution and Development, Department of Marine Biology, Institute of Evolution and Marine Biodiversity, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266003, China
| | - Pengfei Cui
- Laboratory for Evolution and Development, Department of Marine Biology, Institute of Evolution and Marine Biodiversity, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266003, China
| | - Zhijian Li
- Laboratory for Evolution and Development, Department of Marine Biology, Institute of Evolution and Marine Biodiversity, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266003, China
| | - Shicui Zhang
- Laboratory for Evolution and Development, Department of Marine Biology, Institute of Evolution and Marine Biodiversity, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266003, China.
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17
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Polsinelli VB, Shah SJ. Advances in the pharmacotherapy of chronic heart failure with preserved ejection fraction: an ideal opportunity for precision medicine. Expert Opin Pharmacother 2017; 18:399-409. [PMID: 28129699 DOI: 10.1080/14656566.2017.1288717] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF), which comprises approximately 50% of all heart failure patients, is a challenging and complex clinical syndrome that is often thought to lack effective treatments. Areas covered: Despite the common mantra that HFpEF has no effective treatments, closer inspection of HFpEF clinical trials reveals that several of the drugs tested are associated with benefits in exercise capacity and quality of life, and reduction in heart failure hospitalization. Here we review major randomized controlled trials in HFpEF, focusing on renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system antagonists, organic nitrates, digoxin, beta-blockers, and phosphodiesterase-5 inhibitors. In addition, we review several classes of drugs currently in development for HFpEF such as neprilysin inhibitors, inorganic nitrates (nitrites), and soluble guanylate cyclase stimulators. Expert opinion: HFpEF should not be viewed as lacking effective treatments. While there have been no breakthrough clinical trials showing a reduction in mortality, several existing medications are likely to benefit specific subgroups of HFpEF patients. HFpEF is now well known to be a heterogeneous syndrome; thus, the clinical management of HFpEF patients and future HFpEF clinical trials will both likely require a nuanced, phenotype-specific approach instead of a one-size-fits-all tactic. Drug development for HFpEF therefore represents an exciting opportunity for personalized medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vincenzo B Polsinelli
- a Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine , Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine , Chicago , IL , USA
| | - Sanjiv J Shah
- a Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine , Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine , Chicago , IL , USA
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18
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Kim CS, Park S, Eun LY. Myocardial Rotation and Torsion in Child Growth. J Cardiovasc Ultrasound 2016; 24:223-228. [PMID: 27721953 PMCID: PMC5050311 DOI: 10.4250/jcu.2016.24.3.223] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2016] [Revised: 08/17/2016] [Accepted: 08/17/2016] [Indexed: 12/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The speckle tracking echocardiography can benefit to assess the regional myocardial deformations. Although, previous reports suggested no significant change in left ventricular (LV) torsion with aging, there are certain differences in LV rotation at the base and apex. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the change and relationship of LV rotation for torsion with aging in children. Methods Forty healthy children were recruited and divided into two groups of twenty based on whether the children were preschool-age (2–6 years of age) or school-age (7–12 years of age). After obtaining conventional echocardiographic data, apical and basal short axis rotation were assessed with speckle tracking echocardiography. LV rotation in the basal and apical short axis planes was determined using six myocardial segments along the central axis. Results Apical and basal LV rotation did not show the statistical difference with increased age between preschool- and school-age children. Apical radial strain showed significant higher values in preschool-age children, especially at the anterior (52.8 ± 17.4% vs. 34.7 ± 23.2%, p < 0.02), lateral (55.8 ± 20.4% vs. 36.1 ± 22.7%, p < 0.02), and posterior segments (57.1 ± 17.6% vs. 38.5 ± 21.7%, p < 0.01). The torsion values did not demonstrate the statistical difference between two groups. Conclusion This study revealed the tendency of higher rotation values in preschool-age children than in school-age children. The lesser values of rotation and torsion with increased age during childhood warrant further investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chang Sin Kim
- Division of Pediatric Cardiology, Department of Pediatrics, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Sora Park
- Division of Pediatric Cardiology, Department of Pediatrics, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Lucy Youngmin Eun
- Division of Pediatric Cardiology, Department of Pediatrics, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
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19
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Wang Y, Zhao W, Zhou X. Matrix factorization reveals aging-specific co-expression gene modules in the fat and muscle tissues in nonhuman primates. Sci Rep 2016; 6:34335. [PMID: 27703186 PMCID: PMC5050522 DOI: 10.1038/srep34335] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2016] [Accepted: 09/12/2016] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Accurate identification of coherent transcriptional modules (subnetworks) in adipose and muscle tissues is important for revealing the related mechanisms and co-regulated pathways involved in the development of aging-related diseases. Here, we proposed a systematically computational approach, called ICEGM, to Identify the Co-Expression Gene Modules through a novel mathematical framework of Higher-Order Generalized Singular Value Decomposition (HO-GSVD). ICEGM was applied on the adipose, and heart and skeletal muscle tissues in old and young female African green vervet monkeys. The genes associated with the development of inflammation, cardiovascular and skeletal disorder diseases, and cancer were revealed by the ICEGM. Meanwhile, genes in the ICEGM modules were also enriched in the adipocytes, smooth muscle cells, cardiac myocytes, and immune cells. Comprehensive disease annotation and canonical pathway analysis indicated that immune cells, adipocytes, cardiomyocytes, and smooth muscle cells played a synergistic role in cardiac and physical functions in the aged monkeys by regulation of the biological processes associated with metabolism, inflammation, and atherosclerosis. In conclusion, the ICEGM provides an efficiently systematic framework for decoding the co-expression gene modules in multiple tissues. Analysis of genes in the ICEGM module yielded important insights on the cooperative role of multiple tissues in the development of diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongcui Wang
- Center for Bioinformatics & Systems Biology, Department of Radiology, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston Salem, NC, USA
- Key Laboratory of Adaptation and Evolution of Plateau Biota, Northwest Institute of Plateau Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xining, China
| | - Weiling Zhao
- Center for Bioinformatics & Systems Biology, Department of Radiology, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston Salem, NC, USA
| | - Xiaobo Zhou
- Center for Bioinformatics & Systems Biology, Department of Radiology, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston Salem, NC, USA
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20
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21
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Ock S, Lee WS, Ahn J, Kim HM, Kang H, Kim HS, Jo D, Abel ED, Lee TJ, Kim J. Deletion of IGF-1 Receptors in Cardiomyocytes Attenuates Cardiac Aging in Male Mice. Endocrinology 2016; 157:336-45. [PMID: 26469138 PMCID: PMC4701888 DOI: 10.1210/en.2015-1709] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
IGF-1 receptor (IGF-1R) signaling is implicated in cardiac hypertrophy and longevity. However, the role of IGF-1R in age-related cardiac remodeling is only partially understood. We therefore sought to determine whether the deletion of the IGF-1R in cardiomyocytes might delay the development of aging-associated myocardial pathologies by examining 2-year-old male cardiomyocyte-specific IGF-1R knockout (CIGF1RKO) mice. Aging was associated with the induction of IGF-1R expression in hearts. Cardiomyocytes hypertrophied with age in wild-type (WT) mice. In contrast, the cardiac hypertrophic response associated with aging was blunted in CIGF1RKO mice. Concomitantly, fibrosis was reduced in aged CIGF1RKO compared with aged WT hearts. Expression of proinflammatory cytokines such as IL-1α, IL-1β, IL-6, and receptor activator of nuclear factor-κB ligand was increased in aged WT hearts, but this increase was attenuated in aged CIGF1RKO hearts. Phosphorylation of Akt was increased in aged WT, but not in aged CIGF1RKO, hearts. In cultured cardiomyocytes, IGF-1 induced senescence as demonstrated by increased senescence-associated β-galactosidase staining, and a phosphoinositide 3-kinase inhibitor inhibited this effect. Furthermore, inhibition of phosphoinositide 3-kinase significantly prevented the increase in IL-1α, IL-1β, receptor activator of nuclear factor-κB ligand, and p21 protein expression by IGF-1. These data reveal an essential role for the IGF-1-IGF-1R-Akt pathway in mediating cardiomyocyte senescence.
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MESH Headings
- Aging
- Animals
- Biomarkers/metabolism
- Cardiomegaly/immunology
- Cardiomegaly/metabolism
- Cardiomegaly/pathology
- Cardiomegaly/prevention & control
- Cells, Cultured
- Cellular Senescence/drug effects
- Cytokines/antagonists & inhibitors
- Cytokines/genetics
- Cytokines/metabolism
- Enzyme Inhibitors/pharmacology
- Fibrosis
- Gene Expression Regulation, Developmental/drug effects
- Heart Ventricles/drug effects
- Heart Ventricles/immunology
- Heart Ventricles/metabolism
- Heart Ventricles/pathology
- Insulin-Like Growth Factor I/metabolism
- Male
- Mice, Inbred C57BL
- Mice, Knockout
- Myocytes, Cardiac/drug effects
- Myocytes, Cardiac/immunology
- Myocytes, Cardiac/metabolism
- Myocytes, Cardiac/pathology
- Phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinase/metabolism
- Phosphoinositide-3 Kinase Inhibitors
- Phosphorylation/drug effects
- Protein Processing, Post-Translational/drug effects
- Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-akt/metabolism
- Receptor, IGF Type 1/agonists
- Receptor, IGF Type 1/genetics
- Receptor, IGF Type 1/metabolism
- Signal Transduction/drug effects
- Ventricular Remodeling/drug effects
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Affiliation(s)
- Sangmi Ock
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism (S.O., J.A., H.M.K., J.K.), Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Cardiology (W.S.L.), Department of Internal Medicine, and Departments of Anesthesiology (H.K.) and Pathology (T.J.L.), College of Medicine, Chung-Ang University, Seoul, 156-755, Korea; Department of Biochemistry (H.-S.K.), College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, 110-758, Korea; Department of Surgery (D.J.), Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee 37232; and Fraternal Order of Eagles Diabetes Research Center and Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism (D.A.), University of Iowa Carver College of Medicine, Iowa City, Iowa 52242
| | - Wang Soo Lee
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism (S.O., J.A., H.M.K., J.K.), Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Cardiology (W.S.L.), Department of Internal Medicine, and Departments of Anesthesiology (H.K.) and Pathology (T.J.L.), College of Medicine, Chung-Ang University, Seoul, 156-755, Korea; Department of Biochemistry (H.-S.K.), College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, 110-758, Korea; Department of Surgery (D.J.), Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee 37232; and Fraternal Order of Eagles Diabetes Research Center and Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism (D.A.), University of Iowa Carver College of Medicine, Iowa City, Iowa 52242
| | - Jihyun Ahn
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism (S.O., J.A., H.M.K., J.K.), Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Cardiology (W.S.L.), Department of Internal Medicine, and Departments of Anesthesiology (H.K.) and Pathology (T.J.L.), College of Medicine, Chung-Ang University, Seoul, 156-755, Korea; Department of Biochemistry (H.-S.K.), College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, 110-758, Korea; Department of Surgery (D.J.), Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee 37232; and Fraternal Order of Eagles Diabetes Research Center and Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism (D.A.), University of Iowa Carver College of Medicine, Iowa City, Iowa 52242
| | - Hyun Min Kim
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism (S.O., J.A., H.M.K., J.K.), Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Cardiology (W.S.L.), Department of Internal Medicine, and Departments of Anesthesiology (H.K.) and Pathology (T.J.L.), College of Medicine, Chung-Ang University, Seoul, 156-755, Korea; Department of Biochemistry (H.-S.K.), College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, 110-758, Korea; Department of Surgery (D.J.), Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee 37232; and Fraternal Order of Eagles Diabetes Research Center and Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism (D.A.), University of Iowa Carver College of Medicine, Iowa City, Iowa 52242
| | - Hyun Kang
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism (S.O., J.A., H.M.K., J.K.), Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Cardiology (W.S.L.), Department of Internal Medicine, and Departments of Anesthesiology (H.K.) and Pathology (T.J.L.), College of Medicine, Chung-Ang University, Seoul, 156-755, Korea; Department of Biochemistry (H.-S.K.), College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, 110-758, Korea; Department of Surgery (D.J.), Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee 37232; and Fraternal Order of Eagles Diabetes Research Center and Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism (D.A.), University of Iowa Carver College of Medicine, Iowa City, Iowa 52242
| | - Ho-Shik Kim
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism (S.O., J.A., H.M.K., J.K.), Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Cardiology (W.S.L.), Department of Internal Medicine, and Departments of Anesthesiology (H.K.) and Pathology (T.J.L.), College of Medicine, Chung-Ang University, Seoul, 156-755, Korea; Department of Biochemistry (H.-S.K.), College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, 110-758, Korea; Department of Surgery (D.J.), Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee 37232; and Fraternal Order of Eagles Diabetes Research Center and Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism (D.A.), University of Iowa Carver College of Medicine, Iowa City, Iowa 52242
| | - Daewoong Jo
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism (S.O., J.A., H.M.K., J.K.), Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Cardiology (W.S.L.), Department of Internal Medicine, and Departments of Anesthesiology (H.K.) and Pathology (T.J.L.), College of Medicine, Chung-Ang University, Seoul, 156-755, Korea; Department of Biochemistry (H.-S.K.), College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, 110-758, Korea; Department of Surgery (D.J.), Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee 37232; and Fraternal Order of Eagles Diabetes Research Center and Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism (D.A.), University of Iowa Carver College of Medicine, Iowa City, Iowa 52242
| | - E Dale Abel
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism (S.O., J.A., H.M.K., J.K.), Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Cardiology (W.S.L.), Department of Internal Medicine, and Departments of Anesthesiology (H.K.) and Pathology (T.J.L.), College of Medicine, Chung-Ang University, Seoul, 156-755, Korea; Department of Biochemistry (H.-S.K.), College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, 110-758, Korea; Department of Surgery (D.J.), Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee 37232; and Fraternal Order of Eagles Diabetes Research Center and Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism (D.A.), University of Iowa Carver College of Medicine, Iowa City, Iowa 52242
| | - Tae Jin Lee
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism (S.O., J.A., H.M.K., J.K.), Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Cardiology (W.S.L.), Department of Internal Medicine, and Departments of Anesthesiology (H.K.) and Pathology (T.J.L.), College of Medicine, Chung-Ang University, Seoul, 156-755, Korea; Department of Biochemistry (H.-S.K.), College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, 110-758, Korea; Department of Surgery (D.J.), Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee 37232; and Fraternal Order of Eagles Diabetes Research Center and Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism (D.A.), University of Iowa Carver College of Medicine, Iowa City, Iowa 52242
| | - Jaetaek Kim
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism (S.O., J.A., H.M.K., J.K.), Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Cardiology (W.S.L.), Department of Internal Medicine, and Departments of Anesthesiology (H.K.) and Pathology (T.J.L.), College of Medicine, Chung-Ang University, Seoul, 156-755, Korea; Department of Biochemistry (H.-S.K.), College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, 110-758, Korea; Department of Surgery (D.J.), Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee 37232; and Fraternal Order of Eagles Diabetes Research Center and Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism (D.A.), University of Iowa Carver College of Medicine, Iowa City, Iowa 52242
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Rosin NL, Sopel MJ, Falkenham A, Lee TDG, Légaré JF. Disruption of collagen homeostasis can reverse established age-related myocardial fibrosis. THE AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PATHOLOGY 2015; 185:631-42. [PMID: 25701883 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajpath.2014.11.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2014] [Revised: 10/29/2014] [Accepted: 11/06/2014] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Heart failure, the leading cause of hospitalization of elderly patients, is correlated with myocardial fibrosis (ie, deposition of excess extracellular matrix proteins such as collagen). A key regulator of collagen homeostasis is lysyl oxidase (LOX), an enzyme responsible for cross-linking collagen fibers. Our objective was to ameliorate age-related myocardial fibrosis by disrupting collagen cross-linking through inhibition of LOX. The nonreversible LOX inhibitor β-aminopropionitrile (BAPN) was administered by osmotic minipump to 38-week-old C57BL/6J male mice for 2 weeks. Sirius Red staining of myocardial cross sections revealed a reduction in fibrosis, compared with age-matched controls (5.84 ± 0.30% versus 10.17 ± 1.34%) (P < 0.05), to a level similar to that of young mice at 8 weeks (4.9 ± 1.2%). BAPN significantly reduced COL1A1 mRNA, compared with age-matched mice (3.5 ± 0.3-fold versus 15.2 ± 4.9-fold) (P < 0.05), suggesting that LOX is involved in regulation of collagen synthesis. In accord, fibrotic factor mRNA expression was reduced after BAPN. There was also a novel increase in Ly6C expression by resident macrophages. By interrupting collagen cross-linking by LOX, the BAPN treatment reduced myocardial fibrosis. A novel observation is that BAPN treatment modulated the transforming growth factor-β pathway, collagen synthesis, and the resident macrophage population. This is especially valuable in terms of potential therapeutic targeting of collagen regulation and thereby age-related myocardial fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicole L Rosin
- Department of Pathology, Dalhousie University, Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada
| | - Mryanda J Sopel
- Department of Pathology, Dalhousie University, Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada
| | - Alec Falkenham
- Department of Pathology, Dalhousie University, Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada
| | - Timothy D G Lee
- Department of Pathology, Dalhousie University, Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada; Department of Surgery, Dalhousie University, Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada; Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Dalhousie University, Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada
| | - Jean-Francois Légaré
- Department of Pathology, Dalhousie University, Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada; Department of Surgery, Dalhousie University, Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada; Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Dalhousie University, Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada.
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Krzesiński P, Stańczyk A, Gielerak G, Piotrowicz K. The hemodynamic patterns in hypertensive men and women of different age. J Hum Hypertens 2015; 30:177-85. [DOI: 10.1038/jhh.2015.63] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2015] [Revised: 05/02/2015] [Accepted: 05/14/2015] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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26
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Santoro A, Alvino F, Antonelli G, Cassano FE, De Vito R, Cameli M, Mondillo S. Age related diastolic function in amateur athletes. Int J Cardiovasc Imaging 2015; 31:567-73. [DOI: 10.1007/s10554-015-0592-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2014] [Accepted: 01/13/2015] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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Clerico A, Franzini M, Masotti S, Prontera C, Passino C. State of the art of immunoassay methods for B-type natriuretic peptides: An update. Crit Rev Clin Lab Sci 2014; 52:56-69. [PMID: 25547534 DOI: 10.3109/10408363.2014.987720] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
The aim of this review article is to give an update on the state of the art of the immunoassay methods for the measurement of B-type natriuretic peptide (BNP) and its related peptides. Using chromatographic procedures, several studies reported an increasing number of circulating peptides related to BNP in human plasma of patients with heart failure. These peptides may have reduced or even no biological activity. Furthermore, other studies have suggested that, using immunoassays that are considered specific for BNP, the precursor of the peptide hormone, proBNP, constitutes a major portion of the peptide measured in plasma of patients with heart failure. Because BNP immunoassay methods show large (up to 50%) systematic differences in values, the use of identical decision values for all immunoassay methods, as suggested by the most recent international guidelines, seems unreasonable. Since proBNP significantly cross-reacts with all commercial immunoassay methods considered specific for BNP, manufacturers should test and clearly declare the degree of cross-reactivity of glycosylated and non-glycosylated proBNP in their BNP immunoassay methods. Clinicians should take into account that there are large systematic differences between methods when they compare results from different laboratories that use different BNP immunoassays. On the other hand, clinical laboratories should take part in external quality assessment (EQA) programs to evaluate the bias of their method in comparison to other BNP methods. Finally, the authors believe that the development of more specific methods for the active peptide, BNP1-32, should reduce the systematic differences between methods and result in better harmonization of results.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aldo Clerico
- Scuola Superiore Sant'Anna and Fondazione G. Monasterio CNR - Regione Toscana , Pisa , Italy
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Huang YS, Feng YC, Zhang J, Bai L, Huang W, Li M, Sun Y. Impact of chronic obstructive pulmonary diseases on left ventricular diastolic function in hospitalized elderly patients. Clin Interv Aging 2014; 10:81-7. [PMID: 25565790 PMCID: PMC4279668 DOI: 10.2147/cia.s71878] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective To evaluate the impact of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) on left ventricular (LV) diastolic function in hospitalized elderly patients. Methods This was a case–control observational study of 148 consecutive hospitalized elderly patients (≥65 years old): 73 subjects without COPD as controls and 75 patients with COPD. Mild-to-moderate COPD was defined as stages 1 and 2, while severe and very severe COPD was defined as stages 3 and 4, according to the Global Initiative for Chronic Obstructive Lung Disease guidelines. Clinical characteristics and echocardiographic parameters were analyzed and compared. Results Compared with the control group, patients with COPD had a higher frequency of LV diastolic dysfunction and heart failure with preserved ejection fraction. Smoking frequency, frequency of cerebrovascular diseases and diabetes, and serum N-terminal pro-B-type natriuretic peptide (NT-proBNP) levels were higher in the COPD group (all P<0.05). COPD patients showed more abnormalities in diastolic function (E/e′: 11.51±2.50 vs 10.42±3.25, P=0.047), but no differences in systolic function and right ventricular function (all P>0.05). Patients with severe/very severe COPD showed no differences in LV diastolic function compared to patients with mild/moderate COPD (P>0.05), but serum NT-proBNP levels were higher in severe/very severe COPD (P<0.05). Conclusion Results suggest that early-stage COPD may have an impact on the LV diastolic function. Severe COPD mainly affected right ventricular function. In hospitalized elderly patients with COPD, LV diastolic dysfunction should be taken into account together with right ventricular function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying-Shuo Huang
- Department of Geriatrics and Gerontology, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Ying-Chao Feng
- Department of Geriatrics and Gerontology, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Jian Zhang
- Department of Geriatrics and Gerontology, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Li Bai
- Department of Geriatrics and Gerontology, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Wei Huang
- Department of Geriatrics and Gerontology, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Min Li
- Department of Geriatrics and Gerontology, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Ying Sun
- Department of Geriatrics and Gerontology, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, People's Republic of China
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Comparison of age (<75 Years versus ≥75 Years) to risk of ventricular tachyarrhythmias and implantable cardioverter defibrillator shocks (from the Multicenter Automatic Defibrillator Implantation Trial With Cardiac Resynchronization Therapy). Am J Cardiol 2014; 114:1855-60. [PMID: 25438913 DOI: 10.1016/j.amjcard.2014.09.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2014] [Revised: 09/14/2014] [Accepted: 09/14/2014] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
There are limited data regarding the effect of age on the risk of ventricular tachyarrhythmias (VTAs). The present study was designed to compare the risk for VTAs in young and older patients with left bundle branch block (LBBB) and mildly symptomatic heart failure who receive device therapy. The risk of the first ventricular tachycardia (VT) or ventricular fibrillation (VF) event and the risk of first appropriate implantable cardioverter defibrillator (ICD) shock was compared between young (<75 years, n = 1,037) and older (≥75 years, n = 227) patients with LBBB enrolled in Multicenter Automatic Implantation Trial with Cardiac Resynchronization Therapy. The cumulative incidence of a first VTA through 2 years of follow-up was significantly lower in older patients than in younger patients. Multivariate analysis showed that older patients experienced a significantly lower risk of VT/VF (hazard ratio 0.38, 95% confidence interval 0.22 to 0.64, p <0.001) and a significantly lower risk of appropriate ICD shocks (hazard ratio 0.37, 95% confidence interval 0.17 to 0.82, p = 0.014) compared with younger patients. Each increasing decade of life was associated with a 19% (p = 0.002) and 22% (p = 0.018) reduction in the risk of VT/VF and appropriate ICD shocks, respectively. The lower risk of VT/VF and appropriate ICD shocks in older patients was evident in patients implanted with an ICD only and in those implanted with a cardiac resynchronization therapy with defibrillator. In conclusion, in patients with LBBB and mild symptoms of heart failure, aging is associated with a significant decrease in the incidence of VT/VF and ICD shocks.
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30
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Advanced tracers in PET imaging of cardiovascular disease. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2014; 2014:504532. [PMID: 25389529 PMCID: PMC4214169 DOI: 10.1155/2014/504532] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2014] [Revised: 07/07/2014] [Accepted: 08/08/2014] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Cardiovascular disease is the leading cause of death worldwide. Molecular imaging with targeted tracers by positron emission tomography (PET) allows for the noninvasive detection and characterization of biological changes at the molecular level, leading to earlier disease detection, objective monitoring of therapies, and better prognostication of cardiovascular diseases progression. Here we review, the current role of PET in cardiovascular disease, with emphasize on tracers developed for PET imaging of cardiovascular diseases.
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Chen M, Angeli FS, Shen YT, Shannon RP. GLP-1 (7-36) amide restores myocardial insulin sensitivity and prevents the progression of heart failure in senescent beagles. Cardiovasc Diabetol 2014; 13:115. [PMID: 25078106 PMCID: PMC4149213 DOI: 10.1186/s12933-014-0115-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2014] [Accepted: 07/19/2014] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Background We previously demonstrated that older beagles have impaired whole body and myocardial insulin responsiveness (MIR), and that glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1 [7–36] amide) improves MIR in young beagles with dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM). Here, we sought to determine if aging alone predisposes to an accelerated course of DCM, and if GLP-1 [7–36] amide would restore MIR and impact the course of DCM in older beagles. Methods Eight young beagles (Young-Control) and sixteen old beagles underwent chronic left ventricle (LV) instrumentation. Seven old beagles were treated with GLP-1 (7–36) amide (2.5 pmol/kg/min) for 2 weeks prior to instrumentation and for 35 days thereafter (Old + GLP-1), while other 9 served as control (Old-Control). All dogs underwent baseline metabolic determinations and LV biopsy for mitochondria isolation prior to the development of DCM induced by rapid pacing (240 min−1). Hemodynamic measurements were performed routinely as heart failure progressed. Results At baseline, all old beagles had elevated non-esterifed fatty acids (NEFA), and impaired MIR. GLP-1 reduced plasma NEFA (Old-Control: 853 ± 34; Old + GLP-1: 531 ± 33 μmol/L, p < 0.02), improved MIR (Old-Control: 289 ± 54; Old + GLP-1: 512 ± 44 mg/min/100 mg, p < 0.05), and increased uncoupling protein-3 (UCP-3) expression in isolated mitochondria. Compared to the Young-Control, the Old-Controls experienced an accelerated course of DCM (7 days versus 29 days, p < 0.005) and excess mortality, while the Old + GLP-1 experienced increased latency to the onset of DCM (7 days versus 23 days, p < 0.005) and reduced mortality. Conclusion Aging is associated with myocardial insulin resistance, which predispose to an accelerated course of DCM. GLP-1 treatment is associated with increased MIR and protection against an accelerated course of DCM in older beagles.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Richard P Shannon
- Departments of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA.
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Aging differentially alters the expression of angiogenic genes in a tissue-dependent manner. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2014; 446:1243-9. [PMID: 24685483 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2014.03.098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2014] [Accepted: 03/20/2014] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Organ functions are altered and impaired during aging, thereby resulting in increased morbidity of age-related diseases such as Alzheimer's disease, diabetes, and heart failure in the elderly. Angiogenesis plays a crucial role in the maintenance of tissue homeostasis, and aging is known to reduce the angiogenic capacity in many tissues. Here, we report the differential effects of aging on the expression of angiogenic factors in different tissues, representing a potentially causes for age-related metabolic disorders. PCR-array analysis revealed that many of angiogenic genes were down-regulated in the white adipose tissue (WAT) of aged mice, whereas they were largely up-regulated in the skeletal muscle (SM) of aged mice compared to that in young mice. Consistently, blood vessel density was substantially reduced and hypoxia was exacerbated in WAT of aged mice compared to that in young mice. In contrast, blood vessel density in SM of aged mice was well preserved and was not different from that in young mice. Moreover, we identified that endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress was strongly induced in both WAT and SM during aging in vivo. We also found that ER stress significantly reduced the expression of angiogenic genes in 3T3-L1 adipocytes, whereas it increased their expression in C2C12 myotubes in vitro. These results collectively indicate that aging differentially affects the expression of angiogenic genes in different tissues, and that aging-associated down-regulation of angiogenic genes in WAT, at least in part through ER stress, is potentially involved in the age-related adipose tissue dysfunction.
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Mulay SB, Greiner CW, Mohr A, Bryant SC, Lingineni RK, Padley D, Hogan WJ, Gastineau DA, Jacob EK. Infusion technique of hematopoietic progenitor cells and related adverse events (CME). Transfusion 2014; 54:1997-2003; quiz 1996. [DOI: 10.1111/trf.12572] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2013] [Revised: 12/10/2013] [Accepted: 12/12/2013] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sudhanshu B. Mulay
- Division of Hematology/Oncology; University of Connecticut Health Center; Farmington Connecticut
| | - Carl W. Greiner
- Division of Transfusion Medicine; Mayo Clinic; Rochester Minnesota
| | - Amy Mohr
- Division of Transfusion Medicine; Mayo Clinic; Rochester Minnesota
| | - Sandra C. Bryant
- Division of Biomedical Statistics & Informatics; Mayo Clinic; Rochester Minnesota
| | - Ravi K. Lingineni
- Division of Biomedical Statistics & Informatics; Mayo Clinic; Rochester Minnesota
| | - Doug Padley
- Division of Transfusion Medicine; Mayo Clinic; Rochester Minnesota
| | | | - Dennis A. Gastineau
- Division of Transfusion Medicine; Mayo Clinic; Rochester Minnesota
- Division of Hematology; Mayo Clinic; Rochester Minnesota
| | - Eapen K. Jacob
- Division of Transfusion Medicine; Mayo Clinic; Rochester Minnesota
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Oxidative stress in aging: advances in proteomic approaches. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2014; 2014:573208. [PMID: 24688629 PMCID: PMC3943264 DOI: 10.1155/2014/573208] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2013] [Accepted: 12/07/2013] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Aging is a gradual, complex process in which cells, tissues, organs, and the whole organism itself deteriorate in a progressive and irreversible manner that, in the majority of cases, implies pathological conditions that affect the individual's Quality of Life (QOL). Although extensive research efforts in recent years have been made, the anticipation of aging and prophylactic or treatment strategies continue to experience major limitations. In this review, the focus is essentially on the compilation of the advances generated by cellular expression profile analysis through proteomics studies (two-dimensional [2D] electrophoresis and mass spectrometry [MS]), which are currently used as an integral approach to study the aging process. Additionally, the relevance of the oxidative stress factors is discussed. Emphasis is placed on postmitotic tissues, such as neuronal, muscular, and red blood cells, which appear to be those most frequently studied with respect to aging. Additionally, models for the study of aging are discussed in a number of organisms, such as Caenorhabditis elegans, senescence-accelerated probe-8 mice (SAMP8), naked mole-rat (Heterocephalus glaber), and the beagle canine. Proteomic studies in specific tissues and organisms have revealed the extensive involvement of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and oxidative stress in aging.
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Abou Farha K, Baljé-Volkers C, Tamminga W, den Daas I, van Os S. Dopamine D2R Agonist-Induced Cardiovascular Effects in Healthy Male Subjects: Potential Implications in Clinical Settings. ISRN NEUROLOGY 2014; 2014:956353. [PMID: 24587918 PMCID: PMC3920609 DOI: 10.1155/2014/956353] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2013] [Accepted: 12/10/2013] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
Dopamine D2 receptor agonists represent a first line treatment option in young patients with signs and symptoms of idiopathic Parkinson's disease. An association between the use of D2 receptor agonists in Parkinson's disease patients and heart failure has been reported. The identification of the underlying mechanism is needed to minimize the resultant cardiovascular morbidity. In a phase I clinical trial, a D2 receptor agonist (pramipexole) was administered to 52 healthy male subjects following a dose escalation scheme. Serial measurements of resting blood pressure, heart rate, and derived parameters including pulse pressure, pulsatile stress, and rate pressure product were analysed. Statistically significant and clinically relevant increases in most of the assessed parameters were found. Ten subjects were removed prematurely from the trial because of clinically significant increases in blood pressure and/or heart rate requiring immediate intervention with IV rescue medications including a selective β -1 blocker. The observed drug-related changes in vital signs were of clinical relevance and might explain some of the cardiovascular morbidity reported in patients receiving D2 receptor agonist in clinical settings. We suggest that the additional use of a β -1 blocking agent might mitigate the risk of cardiovascular morbidity among patients receiving long-term D2 receptor agonists.
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Affiliation(s)
- Khalid Abou Farha
- QPS Netherlands B.V., Petrus Campersingel 123, 9713 AG Groningen, P.O. Box 137, 9700 AC Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Corine Baljé-Volkers
- QPS Netherlands B.V., Petrus Campersingel 123, 9713 AG Groningen, P.O. Box 137, 9700 AC Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Wim Tamminga
- QPS Netherlands B.V., Petrus Campersingel 123, 9713 AG Groningen, P.O. Box 137, 9700 AC Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Izaak den Daas
- QPS Netherlands B.V., Petrus Campersingel 123, 9713 AG Groningen, P.O. Box 137, 9700 AC Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Sandra van Os
- Synthon B.V., Microweg 22, 6545 CM Nijmegen, The Netherlands
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Selmeryd J, Sundstedt M, Nilsson G, Henriksen E, Hedberg P. Impact of left ventricular geometry on long-term survival in elderly men and women. Clin Physiol Funct Imaging 2013; 34:442-8. [DOI: 10.1111/cpf.12114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2013] [Accepted: 11/14/2013] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Jonas Selmeryd
- Department of Clinical Physiology; Västmanland County Hospital; Västerås Sweden
| | - Milena Sundstedt
- Department of Clinical Physiology; Västmanland County Hospital; Västerås Sweden
| | - Göran Nilsson
- Center of Clinical Research; Uppsala University; Västmanland County Hospital; Västerås Sweden
| | - Egil Henriksen
- Department of Clinical Physiology; Västmanland County Hospital; Västerås Sweden
| | - Pär Hedberg
- Department of Clinical Physiology; Västmanland County Hospital; Västerås Sweden
- Center of Clinical Research; Uppsala University; Västmanland County Hospital; Västerås Sweden
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Venkataraman K, Khurana S, Tai TC. Oxidative stress in aging--matters of the heart and mind. Int J Mol Sci 2013; 14:17897-925. [PMID: 24002027 PMCID: PMC3794759 DOI: 10.3390/ijms140917897] [Citation(s) in RCA: 79] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2013] [Revised: 08/10/2013] [Accepted: 08/15/2013] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Oxidative damage is considered to be the primary cause of several aging associated disease pathologies. Cumulative oxidative damage tends to be pervasive among cellular macromolecules, impacting proteins, lipids, RNA and DNA of cells. At a systemic level, events subsequent to oxidative damage induce an inflammatory response to sites of oxidative damage, often contributing to additional oxidative stress. At a cellular level, oxidative damage to mitochondria results in acidification of the cytoplasm and release of cytochrome c, causing apoptosis. This review summarizes findings in the literature on oxidative stress and consequent damage on cells and tissues of the cardiovascular system and the central nervous system, with a focus on aging-related diseases that have well-documented evidence of oxidative damage in initiation and/or progression of the disease. The current understanding of the cellular mechanisms with a focus on macromolecular damage, impacted cellular pathways and gross morphological changes associated with oxidative damage is also reviewed. Additionally, the impact of calorific restriction with its profound impact on cardiovascular and neuronal aging is addressed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Krishnan Venkataraman
- Department of Gerontology, Huntington University, Sudbury, ON P3E 2C6, Canada; E-Mail:
| | - Sandhya Khurana
- Medical Sciences Division, Northern Ontario School of Medicine, Sudbury, ON P3E 2C6, Canada; E-Mail:
| | - T. C. Tai
- Medical Sciences Division, Northern Ontario School of Medicine, Sudbury, ON P3E 2C6, Canada; E-Mail:
- Department of Biology, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Biomolecular Sciences Program, Laurentian University, 935 Ramsey Lake Road, Sudbury, ON P3E 2C6, Canada
- Author to whom correspondence should be addressed; E-Mail: ; Tel.: +1-705-662-7239; Fax: +1-705-675-4858
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Oxidative stress and epigenetic regulation in ageing and age-related diseases. Int J Mol Sci 2013; 14:17643-63. [PMID: 23989608 PMCID: PMC3794746 DOI: 10.3390/ijms140917643] [Citation(s) in RCA: 139] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2013] [Revised: 08/19/2013] [Accepted: 08/21/2013] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Recent statistics indicate that the human population is ageing rapidly. Healthy, but also diseased, elderly people are increasing. This trend is particularly evident in Western countries, where healthier living conditions and better cures are available. To understand the process leading to age-associated alterations is, therefore, of the highest relevance for the development of new treatments for age-associated diseases, such as cancer, diabetes, Alzheimer and cardiovascular accidents. Mechanistically, it is well accepted that the accumulation of intracellular damage determined by reactive oxygen species (ROS) might orchestrate the progressive loss of control over biological homeostasis and the functional impairment typical of aged tissues. Here, we review how epigenetics takes part in the control of stress stimuli and the mechanisms of ageing physiology and physiopathology. Alteration of epigenetic enzyme activity, histone modifications and DNA-methylation is, in fact, typically associated with the ageing process. Specifically, ageing presents peculiar epigenetic markers that, taken altogether, form the still ill-defined “ageing epigenome”. The comprehension of mechanisms and pathways leading to epigenetic modifications associated with ageing may help the development of anti-ageing therapies.
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Akasheva DU, Plokhova EV, Strazhesko ID, Dudinskaya EN, Tkacheva ON. HEART AND AGE (PART II): CLINICAL MANIFESTATIONS OF AGEING. КАРДИОВАСКУЛЯРНАЯ ТЕРАПИЯ И ПРОФИЛАКТИКА 2013. [DOI: 10.15829/1728-8800-2013-4-86-90] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
Abstract
Ageing is an inevitable process which affects quality of life and reduces life expectancy. Age-related cardiac changes reduce compensatory reserves of the heart and accelerate the disease development. Such changes in cardiac structure and function, observed in the absence of cardiovascular disease (CVD), are considered age-related. However, taking into account the high prevalence of CVD in the elderly, it is problematic to define the genuine cardiac ageing. This review discusses a range of subclinical cardiac conditions which are common in older people.
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Nishtala K, Phong TQ, Steil L, Sauter M, Salazar MG, Kandolf R, Felix SB, Völker U, Klingel K, Hammer E. Proteomic analyses of age related changes in A.BY/SnJ mouse hearts. Proteome Sci 2013; 11:29. [PMID: 23816347 PMCID: PMC3704963 DOI: 10.1186/1477-5956-11-29] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2013] [Accepted: 06/11/2013] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Background A.BY/SnJ mice are used to study pathological alterations in the heart due to enteroviral infections. Since age is a well-known factor influencing the susceptibility of mice to infection, response to stress and manifestation of cardiovascular diseases, the myocardial proteome of A.BY/SnJ mice aged 1 and 4 months was comparatively studied using two dimensional-differential in-gel electrophoresis (2D-DIGE) and liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS). Results Complementary analyses by 2D-DIGE and gel-free LC-MS/MS revealed 96 distinct proteins displaying age associated alterations in their levels. Proteins related to protein transport, and transport chain, lipid metabolism and fatty acid transport showed significant changes in 4 months old mouse hearts compared to juvenile hearts. Proteins involved in lipid metabolism and transport were identified at significantly higher levels in older mice and dysregulation of proteins of the respiratory transport chain were observed. Conclusion The current proteomics study discloses age dependent changes occurring in the hearts already in young mice of the strain A.BY/SnJ. Besides alterations in protein transport, we provide evidence that a decrease of ATP synthase in murine hearts starts already in the first months of life, leading to well-known low expression levels manifested in old mice thereby raising the possibility of reduced energy supply. In the first few months of murine life this seems to be compensated by an increased lipid metabolism. The functional alterations described should be considered during experimental setups in disease related studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Krishnatej Nishtala
- Interfakultäres Institut für Genetik und Funktionelle Genomforschung, Universitätsmedizin Greifswald, Friedrich-Ludwig-Jahn-Str. 15A, 17487 Greifswald, Germany
| | - Truong Quoc Phong
- Interfakultäres Institut für Genetik und Funktionelle Genomforschung, Universitätsmedizin Greifswald, Friedrich-Ludwig-Jahn-Str. 15A, 17487 Greifswald, Germany
| | - Leif Steil
- Interfakultäres Institut für Genetik und Funktionelle Genomforschung, Universitätsmedizin Greifswald, Friedrich-Ludwig-Jahn-Str. 15A, 17487 Greifswald, Germany
| | - Martina Sauter
- Abteilung Molekulare Pathologie, Universitätsklinikum Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Manuela Gesell Salazar
- Interfakultäres Institut für Genetik und Funktionelle Genomforschung, Universitätsmedizin Greifswald, Friedrich-Ludwig-Jahn-Str. 15A, 17487 Greifswald, Germany
| | - Reinhard Kandolf
- Abteilung Molekulare Pathologie, Universitätsklinikum Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Stephan B Felix
- Klinik für Innere Medizin B, Universitätsmedizin Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
| | - Uwe Völker
- Interfakultäres Institut für Genetik und Funktionelle Genomforschung, Universitätsmedizin Greifswald, Friedrich-Ludwig-Jahn-Str. 15A, 17487 Greifswald, Germany
| | - Karin Klingel
- Abteilung Molekulare Pathologie, Universitätsklinikum Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Elke Hammer
- Interfakultäres Institut für Genetik und Funktionelle Genomforschung, Universitätsmedizin Greifswald, Friedrich-Ludwig-Jahn-Str. 15A, 17487 Greifswald, Germany
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Bonato FOB, Lemos MM, Cassiolato JL, Canziani MEF. Prevalence of ventricular arrhythmia and its associated factors in nondialyzed chronic kidney disease patients. PLoS One 2013; 8:e66036. [PMID: 23762460 PMCID: PMC3676379 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0066036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2013] [Accepted: 05/01/2013] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES Sudden cardiac death is the most common cause of mortality in chronic kidney disease patients, and it occurs mostly due to ventricular arrhythmias. In this study, we aimed at investigating the prevalence of ventricular arrhythmia and the factors associated with its occurrence in nondialyzed chronic kidney disease patients. DESIGN SETTING PARTICIPANTS AND MEASUREMENTS This cross-sectional study evaluated 111 chronic kidney disease patients (estimated glomerular filtration rate 34.7±16.1 mL/min/1.73 m(2), 57±11.4 years, 60% male, 24% diabetics). Ventricular arrhythmia was assessed by 24-hour electrocardiogram. Left ventricular hypertrophy (echocardiogram), 24-hour ambulatory blood pressure monitoring, and coronary artery calcification (multi-slice computed tomography) and laboratory parameters were also evaluated. RESULTS Ventricular arrhythmia was found in 35% of the patients. Non-controlled hypertension was observed in 21%, absence of systolic decency in 29%, left ventricular hypertrophy in 27%, systolic dysfunction in 10%, and coronary artery calcification in 49%. Patients with ventricular arrhythmia were older (p<0.001), predominantly men (p = 0.009), had higher estimated glomerular filtration rate (p = 0.03) and hemoglobin (p = 0.005), and lower intact parathyroid hormone (p = 0.024) and triglycerides (p = 0.011) when compared to patients without ventricular arrhythmia. In addition, a higher left ventricular mass index (p = 0.002) and coronary calcium score (p = 0.002), and a lower ejection fraction (p = 0.001) were observed among patients with ventricular arrhythmia. In the multiple logistic regression analysis, aging, increased hemoglobin levels and reduced ejection fraction were independently related to the presence of ventricular arrhythmia. CONCLUSIONS Ventricular arrhythmia is prevalent in nondialyzed chronic kidney disease patients. Age, hemoglobin levels and ejection fraction were the factors associated with ventricular arrhythmia in these patients.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Marcelo Montebello Lemos
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, Federal University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
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Dotsenko O, Barsheshet A, Huang DT. Cardiac resynchronization therapy for prevention of heart failure events in elderly patients with left ventricular dysfunction. Expert Rev Cardiovasc Ther 2013. [PMID: 23190070 DOI: 10.1586/erc.12.120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
Heart failure (HF) due to left ventricular (LV) systolic dysfunction contributes significantly to cardiovascular morbidity and is a major cause of mortality throughout the world. Its prevalence is increasing as the population ages. Age-related structural and functional changes of the heart in combination with multiple coexisting comorbid conditions significantly reduce cardiovascular reserve capacity and increase the risks of developing symptomatic HF in the elderly. Cardiac resynchronization therapy (CRT) has been demonstrated to reduce HF-related hospitalization as well as mortality and has become an important part of treatment for qualified patients with advanced HF. More recent studies showed a significant reduction in the risk of HF and mortality among CRT recipients with asymptomatic and mildly symptomatic HF (New York Heart Association functional class I–II), LV systolic dysfunction and widened QRS complex, supporting the notion that CRT may prevent or delay disease progression. Although data on the benefit of preventive CRT in the elderly are limited to retrospective subgroup analyses with relatively small numbers of elderly patients, accumulating data suggest that CRT confers similar or greater clinical benefit among elderly patients compared with their younger counterparts. As the proportion of elderly patient with LV systolic dysfunction is increasing dramatically, further research is warranted to confirm these possible clinically beneficial effects of CRT in this population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olena Dotsenko
- Cardiology Division, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY 14642, USA
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Functional Maturation of Left and Right Atrial Systolic and Diastolic Performance in Infants, Children, and Adolescents. J Am Soc Echocardiogr 2013; 26:398-409.e2. [DOI: 10.1016/j.echo.2012.12.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2012] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
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McKenna MJ, Perry BD, Serpiello FR, Caldow MK, Levinger P, Cameron-Smith D, Levinger I. Unchanged [3H]ouabain binding site content but reduced Na+-K+ pump α2-protein abundance in skeletal muscle in older adults. J Appl Physiol (1985) 2012; 113:1505-11. [DOI: 10.1152/japplphysiol.01032.2011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Aging is associated with reduced muscle mass, weakness, and increased fatigability. In skeletal muscle, the Na+-K+ pump (NKA) is important in regulating Na+-K+ gradients, membrane excitability, and thus contractility, but the effects of aging on muscle NKA are unclear. We investigated whether aging is linked with reduced muscle NKA by contrasting muscle NKA isoform gene expression and protein abundance, and NKA total content in 17 Elderly (66.8 ± 6.4 yr, mean ± SD) and 16 Young adults (23.9 ± 2.2 yr). Participants underwent peak oxygen consumption assessment and a vastus lateralis muscle biopsy, which was analyzed for NKA α1-, α2-, α3-, β1-, β2-, and β3-isoform gene expression (real-time RT-PCR), protein abundance (immunoblotting), and NKA total content ([3H]ouabain binding sites). The Elderly had lower peak oxygen consumption (−36.7%, P = 0.000), strength (−36.3%, P = 0.001), NKA α2- (−24.4%, 11.9 ± 4.4 vs. 9.0 ± 2.7 arbitrary units, P = 0.049), and NKA β3-protein abundance (−23.0%, P = 0.041) than Young. The β3-mRNA was higher in Elderly compared with Young ( P = 0.011). No differences were observed between groups for other NKA isoform mRNA or protein abundance, or for [3H]ouabain binding site content. Thus skeletal muscle in elderly individuals was characterized by decreased NKA α2- and β3-protein abundance, but unchanged α1 abundance and [3H]ouabain binding. The latter was likely caused by reduced α2 abundance with aging, preventing an otherwise higher [3H]ouabain binding that might occur with a greater membrane density in smaller muscle fibers. Further study is required to verify reduced muscle NKA α2 with aging and possible contributions to impaired exercise capability and daily living activities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael J. McKenna
- Institute of Sport, Exercise and Active Living (ISEAL), Muscle, Ions and Exercise Group, Victoria University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Ben D. Perry
- Institute of Sport, Exercise and Active Living (ISEAL), Muscle, Ions and Exercise Group, Victoria University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
- School of Sport and Exercise Science, Muscle, Ions and Exercise Group, Victoria University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Fabio R. Serpiello
- Institute of Sport, Exercise and Active Living (ISEAL), Muscle, Ions and Exercise Group, Victoria University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
- School of Sport and Exercise Science, Muscle, Ions and Exercise Group, Victoria University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
- Facolta' di Scienze Motorie, Universita' degli Studi di Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Marissa K. Caldow
- School of Exercise and Nutrition Sciences, Deakin University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia; and
| | - Pazit Levinger
- Institute of Sport, Exercise and Active Living (ISEAL), Muscle, Ions and Exercise Group, Victoria University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | | | - Itamar Levinger
- Institute of Sport, Exercise and Active Living (ISEAL), Muscle, Ions and Exercise Group, Victoria University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
- School of Sport and Exercise Science, Muscle, Ions and Exercise Group, Victoria University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
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da Silva RC, Reis LO, Lorenzetti F, Palma P, Ortiz V, Dambros M. α-Tocopherol supplementation avoids apoptosis in the anal sphincter. Aging Male 2012; 15:48-53. [PMID: 21848500 DOI: 10.3109/13685538.2011.593657] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE To analyze the influence of α-tocopherol supplementation on the levels of oxidative stress and apoptosis rates in the anal sphincter induced by orchiectomy in rats. METHODS Forty male Wistar rats weighing 250-300 g, were divided into four groups and sacrificed 8 weeks after: I- Control: sham; II- Orchiectomy: bilateral orchiectomy; III- Pre Orchiectomy Tocopherol: α-tocopherol supplementation for 4 weeks preceding bilateral orchiectomy; IV- Orchiectomy Full Tocopherol: α-tocopherol supplementation for 4 weeks before and 8 weeks after bilateral orchiectomy. The anal sphincter was analyzed stereologically to evaluate the density of collagen and the muscle fibers. The oxidative stress and the apoptosis were determined with 8-isprostane and caspase-3, respectively. RESULTS The collagen fibers concentration was statistically greater in Orchiectomy group than the others. The muscle fibers concentration was higher in Control and Orchiectomy Full Tocopherol than Orchiectomy and Pre Orchiectomy Tocopherol groups. Orchiectomy group showed higher 8-isoprostane concentrations compared to the other groups (p < 0.0003). Pre Orchiectomy Tocopherol and Orchiectomy Full Tocopherol groups presented caspase-3 levels lower than the Orchiectomy group (0.0072). CONCLUSION Vitamin supplementation with α-tocopherol for 12 weeks had the highest protection against bilateral orchiectomy generation of reactive oxygen species as well as apoptosis in the muscle fibers of the anal sphincter of rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Romualdo Correa da Silva
- Division of Geriatric Urology, Escola Paulista de Medicina, Federal University of São Paulo, Brazil
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Nonlinear heart rate dynamics: Circadian profile and influence of age and gender. Med Eng Phys 2012; 34:108-17. [DOI: 10.1016/j.medengphy.2011.07.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2010] [Revised: 07/04/2011] [Accepted: 07/11/2011] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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Yoon AJ, Song J, Megalla S, Nazari R, Akinlaja O, Pollack S, Bella JN. Left ventricular torsional mechanics in uncomplicated pregnancy. Clin Cardiol 2011; 34:543-8. [PMID: 21887687 DOI: 10.1002/clc.20942] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2011] [Accepted: 06/21/2011] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Alterations in left ventricular (LV) twist (torsion) and untwist have been described for a variety of physiologic and pathologic conditions. Little information is available regarding changes in these parameters during normal pregnancy. HYPOTHESIS Pregnancy is associated with significant changes in LV torsional mechanics. METHODS Left ventricular twist and untwist was measured in 32 pregnant females (mean gestation 199 ± 48 d) and 23 nonpregnant controls using speckle-tracking echocardiography. RESULTS Left ventricular ejection fraction (68 ± 5% vs 66 ± 5%) was similar between the groups (P not significant). There was a significant increase in peak LV twist from nonpregnant controls (9.4 ± 3.7 degrees) to second-trimester (12.0 ± 4.2 degrees) and third-trimester subjects (12.6 ± 5.9 degrees, all P<0.05). Peak LV twist velocity was also increased in second- and third-trimester groups compared with controls (94 ± 24 degrees/sec and 93 ± 30 vs 64 ± 21 degrees/sec, respectively, both P<0.05). Both peak untwist velocity and time to peak untwist velocity were not significantly different between groups (P not significant). Multiple regression analysis indicate that only systolic blood pressure (r = 0.394, P = 0.005) was an independent predictor for increased LV torsion. CONCLUSIONS There are significant changes in LV torsional indices during the course of pregnancy, whereas untwist parameters remain unchanged. Blood pressure is independently associated with increased torsion during pregnancy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrew J Yoon
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, USA
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Zghal F, Bougteb H, Réant P, Lafitte S, Roudaut R. Assessing Global and Regional Left Ventricular Myocardial Function in Elderly Patients Using the Bidimensional Strain Method. Echocardiography 2011; 28:978-82. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1540-8175.2011.01476.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
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Shiogai Y, Stefanovska A, McClintock P. Nonlinear dynamics of cardiovascular ageing. PHYSICS REPORTS 2010; 488:51-110. [PMID: 20396667 PMCID: PMC2853263 DOI: 10.1016/j.physrep.2009.12.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 188] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/24/2009] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
The application of methods drawn from nonlinear and stochastic dynamics to the analysis of cardiovascular time series is reviewed, with particular reference to the identification of changes associated with ageing. The natural variability of the heart rate (HRV) is considered in detail, including the respiratory sinus arrhythmia (RSA) corresponding to modulation of the instantaneous cardiac frequency by the rhythm of respiration. HRV has been intensively studied using traditional spectral analyses, e.g. by Fourier transform or autoregressive methods, and, because of its complexity, has been used as a paradigm for testing several proposed new methods of complexity analysis. These methods are reviewed. The application of time-frequency methods to HRV is considered, including in particular the wavelet transform which can resolve the time-dependent spectral content of HRV. Attention is focused on the cardio-respiratory interaction by introduction of the respiratory frequency variability signal (RFV), which can be acquired simultaneously with HRV by use of a respiratory effort transducer. Current methods for the analysis of interacting oscillators are reviewed and applied to cardio-respiratory data, including those for the quantification of synchronization and direction of coupling. These reveal the effect of ageing on the cardio-respiratory interaction through changes in the mutual modulation of the instantaneous cardiac and respiratory frequencies. Analyses of blood flow signals recorded with laser Doppler flowmetry are reviewed and related to the current understanding of how endothelial-dependent oscillations evolve with age: the inner lining of the vessels (the endothelium) is shown to be of crucial importance to the emerging picture. It is concluded that analyses of the complex and nonlinear dynamics of the cardiovascular system can illuminate the mechanisms of blood circulation, and that the heart, the lungs and the vascular system function as a single entity in dynamical terms. Clear evidence is found for dynamical ageing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y. Shiogai
- Physics Department, Lancaster University, Lancaster LA1 4YB, UK
| | - A. Stefanovska
- Physics Department, Lancaster University, Lancaster LA1 4YB, UK
- Faculty of Electrical Engineering, University of Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia
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