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Wang Z, Chen G, Yuan D, Wu P, Guo J, Lu Y, Wang Z. Caveolin-1 promotes glioma proliferation and metastasis by enhancing EMT via mediating PAI-1 activation and its correlation with immune infiltrates. Heliyon 2024; 10:e24464. [PMID: 38298655 PMCID: PMC10827802 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e24464] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2023] [Revised: 01/08/2024] [Accepted: 01/09/2024] [Indexed: 02/02/2024] Open
Abstract
Glioma is typically characterized by a poor prognosis and is associated with a decline in the quality of life as the disease advances. However, the development of effective therapies for glioma has been inadequate. Caveolin-1 (CAV-1) is a membrane protein that plays a role in caveolae formation and interacts with numerous signaling proteins, compartmentalizing them in caveolae and frequently exerting direct control over their activity through binding to its scaffolding domain. Although CAV-1 is a vital regulator of tumour progression, its role in glioma remains unclear. Our findings indicated that the knockdown of CAV-1 significantly inhibits the proliferation and metastasis of glioma. Subsequent mechanistic investigations demonstrated that CAV-1 promotes proliferation and metastasis by activating the photoshatidylinositol 3-kinase/protein kinase B (PI3K/Akt) signaling pathway. Furthermore, we demonstrated that CAV-1 overexpression upregulates the expression of serpin peptidase inhibitor, class E, member 1 (SERPINE1, also known as PAI-1), which serves as a marker for the epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) process. Further research showed that PAI-1 knockdown abolished the CAV-1 mediated activation of PI3K/Akt signaling pathway. In glioma tissues, CAV-1 expression exhibited a correlation with unfavorable prognosis and immune infiltration among glioma patients. In summary, our study provided evidence that CAV-1 activates the PI3K/Akt signaling pathway by upregulating PAI-1, thereby promoting the proliferation and metastasis of glioma through enhanced epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) and angiogenesis, and CAV-1 is involved in the immune infiltration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhaoxiang Wang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Yancheng First Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, No. 166 Yulong West Road, Yancheng, 224000, Jiangsu, China
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First People's Hospital of Yancheng, No. 166 Yulong West Road, Yancheng, 224000, Jiangsu, China
| | - Gang Chen
- Department of Neurosurgery, Yancheng First Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, No. 166 Yulong West Road, Yancheng, 224000, Jiangsu, China
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First People's Hospital of Yancheng, No. 166 Yulong West Road, Yancheng, 224000, Jiangsu, China
| | - Debin Yuan
- Department of Neurosurgery, Yancheng First Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, No. 166 Yulong West Road, Yancheng, 224000, Jiangsu, China
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First People's Hospital of Yancheng, No. 166 Yulong West Road, Yancheng, 224000, Jiangsu, China
| | - Peizhang Wu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Yancheng First Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, No. 166 Yulong West Road, Yancheng, 224000, Jiangsu, China
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First People's Hospital of Yancheng, No. 166 Yulong West Road, Yancheng, 224000, Jiangsu, China
| | - Jun Guo
- Department of Neurosurgery, Yancheng First Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, No. 166 Yulong West Road, Yancheng, 224000, Jiangsu, China
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First People's Hospital of Yancheng, No. 166 Yulong West Road, Yancheng, 224000, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yisheng Lu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong University, Jiangsu, 226001, China
| | - Zhenyu Wang
- Department of Pediatric General Surgery, Shanghai Children's Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiaotong University, No. 355 Luding Road, Shanghai, 200062, Shanghai, China
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Agrafiotis AC, Berzenji L, Koyen S, Vermeulen D, Winthagen R, Hendriks JMH, Van Schil PE. An Overview of the Use of Anti-Angiogenic Agents in the Treatment of Thymic Epithelial Tumors. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:17065. [PMID: 38069386 PMCID: PMC10707176 DOI: 10.3390/ijms242317065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2023] [Revised: 11/28/2023] [Accepted: 11/30/2023] [Indexed: 12/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Angiogenesis significantly influences the carcinogenesis of thymic epithelial tumors (TET). Both thymomas and thymic carcinoma (TC) overexpress VEGF-A and VEGFR-1 and -2. This review aims to provide an appraisal of the use of anti-angiogenics in the treatment of TET. The literature research identified 16 studies that were deemed eligible for further analysis. Seven studies assessed the clinical efficacy of sunitinib and five studies the use of apatinib and/or anlotinib. The multicenter Japanese phase II REMORA trial investigated the efficacy of lenvatinib, which is a multi-targeted inhibitor of VEGFR, FGFR, RET, c-Kit, and other kinases. The objective response rate was 38% (25.6-52%), which is the highest documented in TET that progressed after first-line chemotherapy. Anti-angiogenic agents may be useful in the treatment of TET, which are not amenable to curative treatment. Their toxicity profile seems to be acceptable. However, angiogenesis inhibitors do not appear to have a major influence on either thymomas or TC, although multikinase inhibitors may have some effect on TC. The current evidence suggests that the most active agent is lenvatinib, whereas sunitinib could be proposed as an acceptable second-line therapy for TC. Further research concerning the combination of immune checkpoint inhibitors with anti-angiogenic drugs is warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Apostolos C. Agrafiotis
- Department of Thoracic and Vascular Surgery, Antwerp University Hospital, B-2650 Edegem, Belgium
- Department of Thoracic and Vascular Surgery, Wallonie Picarde Hospital Center (Centre Hospitalier de Wallonie Picarde—CHwapi), B-7500 Tournai, Belgium
| | - Lawek Berzenji
- Department of Thoracic and Vascular Surgery, Antwerp University Hospital, B-2650 Edegem, Belgium
| | - Stien Koyen
- Department of Thoracic and Vascular Surgery, Antwerp University Hospital, B-2650 Edegem, Belgium
| | - Dries Vermeulen
- Department of Thoracic and Vascular Surgery, Antwerp University Hospital, B-2650 Edegem, Belgium
| | - Rachel Winthagen
- Department of Thoracic and Vascular Surgery, Antwerp University Hospital, B-2650 Edegem, Belgium
| | - Jeroen M. H. Hendriks
- Department of Thoracic and Vascular Surgery, Antwerp University Hospital, B-2650 Edegem, Belgium
- ASTARC, University of Antwerp, B-2610 Wilrijk, Belgium
| | - Paul E. Van Schil
- Department of Thoracic and Vascular Surgery, Antwerp University Hospital, B-2650 Edegem, Belgium
- ASTARC, University of Antwerp, B-2610 Wilrijk, Belgium
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3
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Aljohani AKB, El Zaloa WAZ, Alswah M, Seleem MA, Elsebaei MM, Bayoumi AH, El-Morsy AM, Almaghrabi M, Awaji AA, Hammad A, Alsulaimany M, Ahmed HEA. Development of Novel Class of Phenylpyrazolo[3,4- d]pyrimidine-Based Analogs with Potent Anticancer Activity and Multitarget Enzyme Inhibition Supported by Docking Studies. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:15026. [PMID: 37834474 PMCID: PMC10573254 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241915026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2023] [Revised: 09/26/2023] [Accepted: 09/27/2023] [Indexed: 10/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Phenylpyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidine is considered a milestone scaffold known to possess various biological activities such as antiparasitic, antifungal, antimicrobial, and antiproliferative activities. In addition, the urgent need for selective and potent novel anticancer agents represents a major route in the drug discovery process. Herein, new aryl analogs were synthesized and evaluated for their anticancer effects on a panel of cancer cell lines: MCF-7, HCT116, and HePG-2. Some of these compounds showed potent cytotoxicity, with variable degrees of potency and cell line selectivity in antiproliferative assays with low resistance. As the analogs carry the pyrazolopyrimidine scaffold, which looks structurally very similar to tyrosine and receptor kinase inhibitors, the potent compounds were evaluated for their inhibitory effects on three essential cancer targets: EGFRWT, EGFRT790M, VGFR2, and Top-II. The data obtained revealed that most of these compounds were potent, with variable degrees of target selectivity and dual EGFR/VGFR2 inhibitors at the IC50 value range, i.e., 0.3-24 µM. Among these, compound 5i was the most potent non-selective dual EGFR/VGFR2 inhibitor, with inhibitory concentrations of 0.3 and 7.60 µM, respectively. When 5i was tested in an MCF-7 model, it effectively inhibited tumor growth, strongly induced cancer cell apoptosis, inhibited cell migration, and suppressed cell cycle progression leading to DNA fragmentation. Molecular docking studies were performed to explore the binding mode and mechanism of such compounds on protein targets and mapped with reference ligands. The results of our studies indicate that the newly discovered phenylpyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidine-based multitarget inhibitors have significant potential for anticancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmed K. B. Aljohani
- Pharmacognosy and Pharmaceutical Chemistry Department, College of Pharmacy, Taibah University, Al-Madinah Al-Munawarah 41477, Saudi Arabia; (A.K.B.A.); (M.A.); (M.A.)
| | - Waheed Ali Zaki El Zaloa
- Pharmaceutical Organic Chemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Al-Azhar University, Cairo 11884, Egypt (M.A.S.); (M.M.E.); (A.H.B.); (A.M.E.-M.); (A.H.)
| | - Mohamed Alswah
- Pharmaceutical Organic Chemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Al-Azhar University, Cairo 11884, Egypt (M.A.S.); (M.M.E.); (A.H.B.); (A.M.E.-M.); (A.H.)
| | - Mohamed A. Seleem
- Pharmaceutical Organic Chemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Al-Azhar University, Cairo 11884, Egypt (M.A.S.); (M.M.E.); (A.H.B.); (A.M.E.-M.); (A.H.)
| | - Mohamed M. Elsebaei
- Pharmaceutical Organic Chemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Al-Azhar University, Cairo 11884, Egypt (M.A.S.); (M.M.E.); (A.H.B.); (A.M.E.-M.); (A.H.)
| | - Ashraf H. Bayoumi
- Pharmaceutical Organic Chemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Al-Azhar University, Cairo 11884, Egypt (M.A.S.); (M.M.E.); (A.H.B.); (A.M.E.-M.); (A.H.)
| | - Ahmed M. El-Morsy
- Pharmaceutical Organic Chemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Al-Azhar University, Cairo 11884, Egypt (M.A.S.); (M.M.E.); (A.H.B.); (A.M.E.-M.); (A.H.)
- Pharmaceutical Chemistry Department, College of Pharmacy, The Islamic University, Najaf 54001, Iraq
| | - Mohammed Almaghrabi
- Pharmacognosy and Pharmaceutical Chemistry Department, College of Pharmacy, Taibah University, Al-Madinah Al-Munawarah 41477, Saudi Arabia; (A.K.B.A.); (M.A.); (M.A.)
| | - Aeshah A. Awaji
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, University College of Taymaa, University of Tabuk, Tabuk 71491, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Ali Hammad
- Pharmaceutical Organic Chemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Al-Azhar University, Cairo 11884, Egypt (M.A.S.); (M.M.E.); (A.H.B.); (A.M.E.-M.); (A.H.)
| | - Marwa Alsulaimany
- Pharmacognosy and Pharmaceutical Chemistry Department, College of Pharmacy, Taibah University, Al-Madinah Al-Munawarah 41477, Saudi Arabia; (A.K.B.A.); (M.A.); (M.A.)
| | - Hany E. A. Ahmed
- Pharmaceutical Organic Chemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Al-Azhar University, Cairo 11884, Egypt (M.A.S.); (M.M.E.); (A.H.B.); (A.M.E.-M.); (A.H.)
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Liu J, Chao T, Liu Y, Gong C, Zhang Y, Xiong H. Heterocyclic Molecular Targeted Drugs and Nanomedicines for Cancer: Recent Advances and Challenges. Pharmaceutics 2023; 15:1706. [PMID: 37376154 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics15061706] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2023] [Revised: 05/28/2023] [Accepted: 06/06/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Cancer is a top global public health concern. At present, molecular targeted therapy has emerged as one of the main therapies for cancer, with high efficacy and safety. The medical world continues to struggle with the development of efficient, extremely selective, and low-toxicity anticancer medications. Heterocyclic scaffolds based on the molecular structure of tumor therapeutic targets are widely used in anticancer drug design. In addition, a revolution in medicine has been brought on by the quick advancement of nanotechnology. Many nanomedicines have taken targeted cancer therapy to a new level. In this review, we highlight heterocyclic molecular-targeted drugs as well as heterocyclic-associated nanomedicines in cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junxia Liu
- Department of Oncology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430000, China
| | - Tengfei Chao
- Department of Oncology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430000, China
| | - Yingying Liu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Frontiers Science Center for Transformative Molecules and National Center for Translational Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200000, China
| | - Chen Gong
- Department of Oncology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430000, China
| | - Yinan Zhang
- School of Chemical Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai 200000, China
| | - Huihua Xiong
- Department of Oncology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430000, China
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Smyth P, Sasiwachirangkul J, Williams R, Scott CJ. Cathepsin S (CTSS) activity in health and disease - A treasure trove of untapped clinical potential. Mol Aspects Med 2022; 88:101106. [PMID: 35868042 DOI: 10.1016/j.mam.2022.101106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2022] [Revised: 06/24/2022] [Accepted: 07/11/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Amongst the lysosomal cysteine cathepsin family of proteases, cathepsin S (CTSS) holds particular interest due to distinctive properties including a normal restricted expression profile, inducible upregulation and activity at a broad pH range. Consequently, while CTSS is well-established as a member of the proteolytic cocktail within the lysosome, degrading unwanted and damaged proteins, it has increasingly been shown to mediate a number of distinct, more selective roles including antigen processing and antigen presentation, and cleavage of substrates both intra and extracellularly. Increasingly, aberrant CTSS expression has been demonstrated in a variety of conditions and disease states, marking it out as both a biomarker and potential therapeutic target. This review seeks to contextualise CTSS within the cysteine cathepsin family before providing an overview of the broad range of pathologies in which roles for CTSS have been identified. Additionally, current clinical progress towards specific inhibitors is detailed, updating the position of the field in exploiting this most unique of proteases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peter Smyth
- The Patrick G Johnston Centre for Cancer Research, Queen's University, 97 Lisburn Road, Belfast, BT9 7AE, UK
| | - Jutharat Sasiwachirangkul
- The Patrick G Johnston Centre for Cancer Research, Queen's University, 97 Lisburn Road, Belfast, BT9 7AE, UK
| | - Rich Williams
- The Patrick G Johnston Centre for Cancer Research, Queen's University, 97 Lisburn Road, Belfast, BT9 7AE, UK
| | - Christopher J Scott
- The Patrick G Johnston Centre for Cancer Research, Queen's University, 97 Lisburn Road, Belfast, BT9 7AE, UK.
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6
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Li L, Chen X, Yu J, Yuan S. Preliminary Clinical Application of RGD-Containing Peptides as PET Radiotracers for Imaging Tumors. Front Oncol 2022; 12:837952. [PMID: 35311120 PMCID: PMC8924613 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2022.837952] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2021] [Accepted: 02/07/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Angiogenesis is a common feature of many physiological processes and pathological conditions. RGD-containing peptides can strongly bind to integrin αvβ3 expressed on endothelial cells in neovessels and several tumor cells with high specificity, making them promising molecular agents for imaging angiogenesis. Although studies of RGD-containing peptides combined with radionuclides, namely, 18F, 64Cu, and 68Ga for positron emission tomography (PET) imaging have shown high spatial resolution and accurate quantification of tracer uptake, only a few of these radiotracers have been successfully translated into clinical use. This review summarizes the RGD-based tracers in terms of accumulation in tumors and adjacent tissues, and comparison with traditional 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG) imaging. The value of RGD-based tracers for diagnosis, differential diagnosis, tumor subvolume delineation, and therapeutic response prediction is mainly discussed. Very low RGD accumulation, in contrast to high FDG metabolism, was found in normal brain tissue, indicating that RGD-based imaging provides an excellent tumor-to-background ratio for improved brain tumor imaging. However, the intensity of the RGD-based tracers is much higher than FDG in normal liver tissue, which could lead to underestimation of primary or metastatic lesions in liver. In multiple studies, RGD-based imaging successfully realized the diagnosis and differential diagnosis of solid tumors and also the prediction of chemoradiotherapy response, providing complementary rather than similar information relative to FDG imaging. Of most interest, baseline RGD uptake values can not only be used to predict the tumor efficacy of antiangiogenic therapy, but also to monitor the occurrence of adverse events in normal organs. This unique dual predictive value in antiangiogenic therapy may be better than that of FDG-based imaging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Li
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Shandong Cancer Hospital and Institute, Shandong First Medical University and Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Shandong Cancer Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, China
| | - Xiaoyuan Chen
- Departments of Diagnostic Radiology, Surgery, Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, and Biomedical Engineering, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine and Faculty of Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore.,Clinical Imaging Research Centre, Centre for Translational Medicine, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore.,Nanomedicine Translational Research Program, NUS Center for Nanomedicine, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Jinming Yu
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Shandong Cancer Hospital and Institute, Shandong First Medical University and Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Shandong Cancer Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, China.,Department of Radiation Oncology, Shandong Cancer Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Shuanghu Yuan
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Shandong Cancer Hospital and Institute, Shandong First Medical University and Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Shandong Cancer Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, China.,Department of Radiation Oncology, Shandong Cancer Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Jinan, China.,Department of Radiation Oncology, The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
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7
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Homayoonfal M, Asemi Z, Yousefi B. Targeting microRNAs with thymoquinone: a new approach for cancer therapy. Cell Mol Biol Lett 2021; 26:43. [PMID: 34627167 PMCID: PMC8502376 DOI: 10.1186/s11658-021-00286-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2021] [Accepted: 09/27/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Cancer is a global disease involving transformation of normal cells into tumor types via numerous mechanisms, with mortality among all generations, in spite of the breakthroughs in chemotherapy, radiotherapy and/or surgery for cancer treatment. Since one in six deaths is due to cancer, it is one of the overriding priorities of world health. Recently, bioactive natural compounds have been widely recognized due to their therapeutic effects for treatment of various chronic disorders, notably cancer. Thymoquinone (TQ), the most valuable constituent of black cumin seeds, has shown anti-cancer characteristics in a wide range of animal models. The revolutionary findings have revealed TQ's ability to regulate microRNA (miRNA) expression, offering a promising approach for cancer therapy. MiRNAs are small noncoding RNAs that modulate gene expression by means of variation in features of mRNA. MiRNAs manage several biological processes including gene expression and cellular signaling pathways. Accordingly, miRNAs can be considered as hallmarks for cancer diagnosis, prognosis and therapy. The purpose of this study was to review the various molecular mechanisms by which TQ exerts its potential as an anti-cancer agent through modulating miRNAs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mina Homayoonfal
- Research Center for Biochemistry and Nutrition in Metabolic Diseases, Institute for Basic Sciences, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Islamic Republic of Iran
| | - Zatollah Asemi
- Research Center for Biochemistry and Nutrition in Metabolic Diseases, Institute for Basic Sciences, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Islamic Republic of Iran
| | - Bahman Yousefi
- Molecular Medicine Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
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8
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Gaba RC, Khabbaz RC, Muchiri RN, Morrison JD, Elkhadragy L, Totura WM, Samuelson JP, Whiteley HE, Deaton RL, Nguyen PL, Sverdlov M, Johnson JJ, van Breemen RB, Lokken RP. Conventional versus drug-eluting embolic transarterial chemoembolization with doxorubicin: comparative drug delivery, pharmacokinetics, and treatment response in a rabbit VX2 tumor model. Drug Deliv Transl Res 2021; 12:1105-1117. [PMID: 33861419 DOI: 10.1007/s13346-021-00985-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/12/2021] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to compare intra-tumoral drug delivery, pharmacokinetics, and treatment response after doxorubicin (DOX) conventional (c-) versus drug-eluting embolic (DEE-) transarterial chemoembolization (TACE) in a rabbit VX2 liver tumor model. Twenty-four rabbits with solitary liver tumors underwent c-TACE (n = 12) (1:2 water-in-oil emulsion, 0.6 mL volume, 2 mg DOX) or DEE-TACE (n = 12) (130,000 70-150 µm 2 mg DOX-loaded microspheres). Systemic, intra-tumoral, and liver DOX levels were measured using mass spectrometry up to 7-day post-procedure. Intra-tumoral DOX distribution was quantified using fluorescence imaging. Percent tumor necrosis was quantified by a pathologist blinded to treatment group. Lobar TACE was successfully performed in all cases. Peak concentration (CMAX, µg/mL) for plasma, tumor tissue, and liver were 0.666, 4.232, and 0.270 for c-TACE versus 0.103, 8.988, and 0.610 for DEE-TACE. Area under the concentration versus time curve (AUC, µg/mL ∗ min) for plasma, tumor tissue, and liver were 18.3, 27,078.8, and 1339.1 for c-TACE versus 16.4, 26,204.8, and 1969.6 for DEE-TACE. A single dose of intra-tumoral DOX maintained cytotoxic levels through 7-day post-procedure for both TACE varieties, with a half-life of 1.8 (c-TACE) and 0.8 (DEE-TACE) days. Tumor-to-normal liver DOX ratio was high (c-TACE, 20.2; DEE-TACE, 13.3). c-TACE achieved significantly higher DOX coverage of tumor vs. DEE-TACE (10.8% vs. 2.3%; P = 0.003). Percent tumor necrosis was similar (39% vs. 37%; P = 0.806). In conclusion, in a rabbit VX2 liver tumor model, both c-TACE and DEE-TACE achieved tumoricidal intra-tumoral DOX levels and high tumor-to-normal liver drug ratios, though c-TACE resulted in significantly greater tumor coverage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ron C Gaba
- Department of Radiology, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, USA.
| | - Ramzy C Khabbaz
- Department of Radiology, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, USA
| | - Ruth N Muchiri
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Linus Pauling Institute, Oregon State University, Corvallis, USA
| | | | - Lobna Elkhadragy
- Department of Radiology, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, USA
| | - William M Totura
- Department of Radiology, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, USA
| | - Jonathan P Samuelson
- College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Champaign, USA
| | - Herbert E Whiteley
- College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Champaign, USA
| | - Ryan L Deaton
- Research Histology and Tissue Imaging Core, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, USA
| | - Peter L Nguyen
- Research Histology and Tissue Imaging Core, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, USA
| | - Maria Sverdlov
- Research Histology and Tissue Imaging Core, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, USA
| | - Jeremy J Johnson
- Department of Pharmacy Practice, College of Pharmacy, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, USA
| | - Richard B van Breemen
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Linus Pauling Institute, Oregon State University, Corvallis, USA
| | - R Peter Lokken
- Department of Radiology, University of California at San Francisco, San Francisco, USA
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9
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Pouresmaeil V, Haghighi S, Raeisalsadati AS, Neamati A, Homayouni-Tabrizi M. The Anti-Breast Cancer Effects of Green-Synthesized Zinc Oxide Nanoparticles Using Carob Extracts. Anticancer Agents Med Chem 2021; 21:316-326. [PMID: 32698752 DOI: 10.2174/1871520620666200721132522] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2020] [Revised: 06/03/2020] [Accepted: 06/13/2020] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The use of nanoparticles synthesized by the green method to treat cancer is fairly recent. The aim of this study was to evaluate cytotoxicity, apoptotic and anti-angiogenic effects and the expression of involved genes, of Zinc Oxide Nanoparticles (ZnO-NPs) synthesized with Carob extracts on different human breast cancer cell lines. METHODS ZnO-NPs were synthesized using the extracts of Carob and characterized with various analytical techniques. The MCF-7 and MDA-MB231 cells were treated at different times and concentrations of ZnO-NPs. The cytotoxicity, apoptosis, and anti-angiogenic effects were examined using a series of cellular assays. Expression of apoptotic genes (Bax and Bcl2) and anti-angiogenic genes, Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor (VEGF) and its Receptor (VEGF-R) in cancer cells treated with ZnO-NPs were examined with Reverse Transcriptionquantitative Polymerase Chain Reaction (RT-qPCR). The anti-oxidant activities of ZnO-NPs were evaluated by ABTS and DPPH assay. RESULTS Exposure of cells to ZnO-NPs resulted in a dose-dependent loss of cell viability. The IC50 values at 24, 48, and 72 hours were 125, 62.5, and 31.2μg/ml, respectively (p<0.001). ZnO-NPs treated cells showed, in fluorescent microscopy, that ZnO-NPs are able to upregulate apoptosis and RT-qPCR revealed the upregulation of Bax (p<0.001) and downregulation of Bcl-2 (p<0.05). ZnO-NPs increased VEGF gene expression while decreasing VEGF-R (p<0.001). The anti-oxidant effects of ZnO-NPs were higher than the control group and were dose-dependent (p<0.001). CONCLUSION ZnO-NPs synthetized using Carob extract have the ability to eliminate breast cancer cells and inhibit angiogenesis, therefore, they could be used as an anticancer agent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vahid Pouresmaeil
- Department of Biochemistry, Mashhad Branch, Islamic Azad University, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Shaghayegh Haghighi
- Department of Biology, Mashhad Branch, Islamic Azad University, Mashhad, Iran
| | | | - Ali Neamati
- Department of Biology, Mashhad Branch, Islamic Azad University, Mashhad, Iran
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10
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Zhu J, Tang B, Li J, Shi Y, Chen M, Lv X, Meng M, Weng Q, Zhang N, Fan K, Xu M, Ji J. Identification and validation of the angiogenic genes for constructing diagnostic, prognostic, and recurrence models for hepatocellular carcinoma. Aging (Albany NY) 2020; 12:7848-7873. [PMID: 32379058 PMCID: PMC7244068 DOI: 10.18632/aging.103107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/25/2019] [Accepted: 03/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Since angiogenesis has an indispensable effect in the development and progression of tumors, in this study we aimed to identify angiogenic genes closely associated with prognosis of HCC to establish diagnostic, prognostic, and recurrence models. We analyzed 132 angiogenic genes and HCC-related RNA sequence data from the TCGA and ICGC databases by Cox and least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) regression, and identified four angiogenic genes (ENFA3, EGF, MMP3 and AURKB) to establish prognosis, recurrence and diagnostic models and corresponding nomograms. The prognostic and recurrence models were determined to be independent predictors of prognosis and recurrence (P < 0.05). And compared with the low-risk group, patients in the high-risk group had worse overall survival (OS) rates in training cohort (P < 0.001) and validation cohort (P < 0.001), and higher recurrence rates in training cohort (P<0.001) and validation cohort (P=0.01). The diagnostic models have been validated to correctly distinguish HCC from normal samples and proliferative nodule samples. Through pharmacological analysis we identified piperlongumine as a drug for targeting angiogenesis, and it was validated to inhibit HCC cell proliferation and angiogenesis via the EGF/EGFR axis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinyu Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Imaging Diagnosis and Minimally Invasive Intervention Research, Lishui Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Lishui 323000, China.,Department of Radiology, Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Bufu Tang
- Key Laboratory of Imaging Diagnosis and Minimally Invasive Intervention Research, Lishui Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Lishui 323000, China.,Department of Radiology, Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Jie Li
- Key Laboratory of Imaging Diagnosis and Minimally Invasive Intervention Research, Lishui Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Lishui 323000, China.,Department of Radiology, Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Yueli Shi
- Department of Pathology and Pathophysiology, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Minjiang Chen
- Key Laboratory of Imaging Diagnosis and Minimally Invasive Intervention Research, Lishui Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Lishui 323000, China.,Department of Radiology, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Lishui 323000, China
| | - Xiuling Lv
- Department of Radiology, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Lishui 323000, China
| | - Miaomiao Meng
- Department of Radiology, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Lishui 323000, China
| | - Qiaoyou Weng
- Key Laboratory of Imaging Diagnosis and Minimally Invasive Intervention Research, Lishui Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Lishui 323000, China.,Department of Radiology, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Lishui 323000, China
| | - Nannan Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Imaging Diagnosis and Minimally Invasive Intervention Research, Lishui Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Lishui 323000, China.,Department of Radiology, Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Kai Fan
- Key Laboratory of Imaging Diagnosis and Minimally Invasive Intervention Research, Lishui Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Lishui 323000, China.,Department of Radiology, Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Min Xu
- Key Laboratory of Imaging Diagnosis and Minimally Invasive Intervention Research, Lishui Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Lishui 323000, China.,Department of Radiology, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Lishui 323000, China
| | - Jiansong Ji
- Key Laboratory of Imaging Diagnosis and Minimally Invasive Intervention Research, Lishui Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Lishui 323000, China.,Department of Radiology, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Lishui 323000, China
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11
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Xu J, Gulzar A, Yang D, Gai S, He F, Yang P. Tumor self-responsive upconversion nanomedicines for theranostic applications. NANOSCALE 2019; 11:17535-17556. [PMID: 31553008 DOI: 10.1039/c9nr06450h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/17/2023]
Abstract
To date, malignant tumors continue to be the most lethal disease, causing more than 8.2 million deaths worldwide each year. In recent years, nanostructures based on rare-earth upconversion luminescent nanoparticles have shown significant advantages in the integration of multimodal imaging and therapy. Compared with normal tissues, the tumor microenvironment (TME) exhibits unique characteristics including high interstitial fluid pressure, abnormal blood vessels, a hypoxic and slightly acidic environment, and high levels of glutathione (GSH) and hydrogen peroxide (H2O2). According to these characteristics, increasing attention in the antitumor field has been given to designing nanomedicines with specific responses to the TME based on rare-earth upconversion nanoparticles (UCNPs) and to achieving efficient tumor diagnosis and treatment under the premise of reducing side effects. Nevertheless, a review that systematically summarizes TME-responsive upconversion nanomedicines (UCNMs) for realizing tumor self-enhanced theranostics has not been published to date. In this review, we summarize the recent progress made in UCNP-based nanotherapeutics by highlighting the increasingly developing trend of TME-responsive UCNMs. The general characteristics of the TME are introduced in detail and their utilization in designing TME-responsive UCNMs is systematically discussed. Based on NIR light-excited optical imaging, we discuss the superiority of UCNMs when applied in tumor theranostics with an emphasis on how to use them to realize TME-mediated multimodal imaging-guided therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiating Xu
- Key Laboratory of Superlight Materials and Surface Technology, Ministry of Education, College of Materials Science and Chemical Engineering, Harbin Engineering University, Harbin, 150001, P. R. China.
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12
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Martín-Del-Campo M, Sampedro JG, Flores-Cedillo ML, Rosales-Ibañez R, Rojo L. Bone Regeneration Induced by Strontium Folate Loaded Biohybrid Scaffolds. Molecules 2019; 24:E1660. [PMID: 31035627 PMCID: PMC6539601 DOI: 10.3390/molecules24091660] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2019] [Revised: 04/25/2019] [Accepted: 04/26/2019] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Nowadays, regenerative medicine has paid special attention to research (in vitro and in vivo) related to bone regeneration, specifically in the treatment of bone fractures or skeletal defects, which is rising worldwide and is continually demanding new developments in the use of stem cells, growth factors, membranes and scaffolds based on novel nanomaterials, and their applications in patients by using advanced tools from molecular biology and tissue engineering. Strontium (Sr) is an element that has been investigated in recent years for its participation in the process of remodeling and bone formation. Based on these antecedents, this is a review about the Strontium Folate (SrFO), a recently developed non-protein based bone-promoting agent with interest in medical and pharmaceutical fields due to its improved features in comparison to current therapies for bone diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marcela Martín-Del-Campo
- Departamento de Biomateriales, Instituto de Ciencia y Tecnología de Polímeros, CSIC, 28006 Madrid, Spain.
| | - José G Sampedro
- Instituto de Física, Universidad Autónoma de San Luis Potosí, Manuel Nava 6, Zona Universitaria, San Luis Potosí C.P. 78290, S.L.P., Mexico.
| | - María Lisseth Flores-Cedillo
- División de Ingeniería Industrial, Instituto Tecnológico Superior de San Luis Potosí, Capital, Carretera 57 Tramo Qro-SLP Km 189+100 No. 6501, Deleg, Villa de Pozos, San Luis Potosí C.P. 78421, S.L.P., Mexico.
| | - Raul Rosales-Ibañez
- Escuela de Etudios Superiores, Iztacala, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de Mexico, UNAM, Tlalnepantla 54090, Mexico.
| | - Luis Rojo
- Departamento de Biomateriales, Instituto de Ciencia y Tecnología de Polímeros, CSIC, 28006 Madrid, Spain.
- Consorcio Centro de Investigación Biomedica en red, CIBER-BBN, 28029 Madrid, Spain.
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13
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Salerno S, Barresi E, García-Argáez AN, Taliani S, Simorini F, Amendola G, Tomassi S, Cosconati S, Novellino E, Da Settimo F, Marini AM, Dalla Via L. Discovery of Pyrido[3',2':5,6]thiopyrano[4,3- d]pyrimidine-Based Antiproliferative Multikinase Inhibitors. ACS Med Chem Lett 2019; 10:457-462. [PMID: 30996779 DOI: 10.1021/acsmedchemlett.8b00499] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2018] [Accepted: 01/17/2019] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Protein kinases dysregulation is extremely common in cancer cells, and the development of new agents able to simultaneously target multiple kinase pathways involved in angiogenesis and tumor growth may offer several advantages in the treatment of cancer. Herein we report the discovery of new pyridothiopyranopyrimidine derivatives (2-4) showing high potencies in VEGFR-2 KDR inhibition as well as antiproliferative effect on a panel of human tumor cell lines. Investigation on the selectivity profile of the representative 2-anilino-substituted compounds 3b, 3i, and 3j revealed a multiplicity of kinase targets that should account for the potent antiproliferative effect produced by these pyridothiopyranopyrimidine derivatives.
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Affiliation(s)
- Silvia Salerno
- Dipartimento di Farmacia, Università di Pisa, Via Bonanno 6, 56126 Pisa, Italy
| | - Elisabetta Barresi
- Dipartimento di Farmacia, Università di Pisa, Via Bonanno 6, 56126 Pisa, Italy
| | | | - Sabrina Taliani
- Dipartimento di Farmacia, Università di Pisa, Via Bonanno 6, 56126 Pisa, Italy
| | - Francesca Simorini
- Dipartimento di Farmacia, Università di Pisa, Via Bonanno 6, 56126 Pisa, Italy
| | - Giorgio Amendola
- DiSTABiF, Università della Campania Luigi Vanvitelli, Via Vivaldi 43, 81100 Caserta, Italy
| | - Stefano Tomassi
- DiSTABiF, Università della Campania Luigi Vanvitelli, Via Vivaldi 43, 81100 Caserta, Italy
| | - Sandro Cosconati
- DiSTABiF, Università della Campania Luigi Vanvitelli, Via Vivaldi 43, 81100 Caserta, Italy
| | - Ettore Novellino
- Dipartimento di Farmacia, Università di Napoli “Federico II”, Via D. Montesano 49, 80131 Napoli, Italy
| | - Federico Da Settimo
- Dipartimento di Farmacia, Università di Pisa, Via Bonanno 6, 56126 Pisa, Italy
| | - Anna Maria Marini
- Dipartimento di Farmacia, Università di Pisa, Via Bonanno 6, 56126 Pisa, Italy
| | - Lisa Dalla Via
- Dipartimento di Scienze del Farmaco, Università di Padova, Via Marzolo 5, 35131 Padova, Italy
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14
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Wu S, Ou T, Xing N, Lu J, Wan S, Wang C, Zhang X, Yang F, Huang Y, Cai Z. Whole-genome sequencing identifies ADGRG6 enhancer mutations and FRS2 duplications as angiogenesis-related drivers in bladder cancer. Nat Commun 2019; 10:720. [PMID: 30755618 PMCID: PMC6372626 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-019-08576-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2017] [Accepted: 01/18/2019] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Bladder cancer is one of the most common and highly vascularized cancers. To better understand its genomic structure and underlying etiology, we conduct whole-genome and targeted sequencing in urothelial bladder carcinomas (UBCs, the most common type of bladder cancer). Recurrent mutations in noncoding regions affecting gene regulatory elements and structural variations (SVs) leading to gene disruptions are prevalent. Notably, we find recurrent ADGRG6 enhancer mutations and FRS2 duplications which are associated with higher protein expression in the tumor and poor prognosis. Functional assays demonstrate that depletion of ADGRG6 or FRS2 expression in UBC cells compromise their abilities to recruit endothelial cells and induce tube formation. Moreover, pathway assessment reveals recurrent alterations in multiple angiogenesis-related genes. These results illustrate a multidimensional genomic landscape that highlights noncoding mutations and SVs in UBC tumorigenesis, and suggest ADGRG6 and FRS2 as novel pathological angiogenesis regulators that would facilitate vascular-targeted therapies for UBC. Bladder cancer is one of the most common and highly vascularized cancers. Here the authors perform a whole-genome analysis in urothelial bladder carcinomas and identify recurrent genetic alterations in a set of angiogenesis genes, facilitating the understanding of molecular mechanisms underlying pathological angiogenesis in this type of cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Song Wu
- Urology Institute of Shenzhen University, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, 518000, China. .,Shenzhen Following Precision Medical Research Institute, Luohu Hospital Group, Shenzhen, 518000, China. .,Department of Urology, Minimally Invasive Surgery Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510000, China.
| | - Tong Ou
- Urology Institute of Shenzhen University, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, 518000, China.,Shenzhen Following Precision Medical Research Institute, Luohu Hospital Group, Shenzhen, 518000, China
| | - Nianzeng Xing
- Department of Urology, Beijing Chaoyang Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100000, China.,Department of Urology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100000, China
| | - Jiang Lu
- Urology Institute of Shenzhen University, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, 518000, China
| | - Shengqing Wan
- Shenzhen Following Precision Medical Research Institute, Luohu Hospital Group, Shenzhen, 518000, China
| | - Changxi Wang
- Urology Institute of Shenzhen University, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, 518000, China
| | - Xi Zhang
- Urology Institute of Shenzhen University, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, 518000, China
| | - Feiya Yang
- Department of Urology, Beijing Chaoyang Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100000, China.,Department of Urology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100000, China
| | - Yi Huang
- Urology Institute of Shenzhen University, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, 518000, China.,Shenzhen Following Precision Medical Research Institute, Luohu Hospital Group, Shenzhen, 518000, China
| | - Zhiming Cai
- Urology Institute of Shenzhen University, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, 518000, China
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15
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Izquierdo-Barba I, Santos-Ruiz L, Becerra J, Feito M, Fernández-Villa D, Serrano M, Díaz-Güemes I, Fernández-Tomé B, Enciso S, Sánchez-Margallo F, Monopoli D, Afonso H, Portolés M, Arcos D, Vallet-Regí M. Synergistic effect of Si-hydroxyapatite coating and VEGF adsorption on Ti6Al4V-ELI scaffolds for bone regeneration in an osteoporotic bone environment. Acta Biomater 2019; 83:456-466. [PMID: 30445158 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2018.11.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2018] [Revised: 11/07/2018] [Accepted: 11/12/2018] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
The osteogenic and angiogenic responses to metal macroporous scaffolds coated with silicon substituted hydroxyapatite (SiHA) and decorated with vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) have been evaluated in vitro and in vivo. Ti6Al4V-ELI scaffolds were prepared by electron beam melting and subsequently coated with Ca10(PO4)5.6(SiO4)0.4(OH)1.6 following a dip coating method. In vitro studies demonstrated that SiHA stimulates the proliferation of MC3T3-E1 pre-osteoblastic cells, whereas the adsorption of VEGF stimulates the proliferation of EC2 mature endothelial cells. In vivo studies were carried out in an osteoporotic sheep model, evidencing that only the simultaneous presence of both components led to a significant increase of new tissue formation in osteoporotic bone. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE: Reconstruction of bones after severe trauma or tumors extirpation is one of the most challenging tasks in the field of orthopedic surgery. This scenario is even more complicated in the case of osteoporotic patients, since their bone regeneration capability is decreased. In this work we present a porous implant that promotes bone regeneration even in osteoporotic bone. By coating the implant with osteogenic bioceramics such as silicon substituted hydroxyapatite and subsequent adsorption of vascular endothelial growth factor, these implants stimulate the bone ingrowth when they are implanted in osteoporotic sheep.
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16
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El-Sawy HS, Al-Abd AM, Ahmed TA, El-Say KM, Torchilin VP. Stimuli-Responsive Nano-Architecture Drug-Delivery Systems to Solid Tumor Micromilieu: Past, Present, and Future Perspectives. ACS NANO 2018; 12:10636-10664. [PMID: 30335963 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.8b06104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 268] [Impact Index Per Article: 44.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
The microenvironment characteristics of solid tumors, renowned as barriers that harshly impeded many drug-delivery approaches, were precisely studied, investigated, categorized, divided, and subdivided into a complex diverse of barriers. These categories were further studied with a particular perspective, which makes all barriers found in solid-tumor micromilieu turn into different types of stimuli, and were considered triggers that can increase and hasten drug-release targeting efficacy. This review gathers data concerning the nature of solid-tumor micromilieu. Past research focused on the treatment of such tumors, the recent efforts employed for engineering smart nanoarchitectures with the utilization of the specified stimuli categories, the possibility of combining more than one stimuli for much-greater targeting enhancement, examples of the approved nanoarchitectures that already translated clinically as well as the obstacles faced by the use of these nanostructures, and, finally, an overview of the possible future implementations of smart-chemical engineering for the design of more-efficient drug delivery and theranostic systems and for making nanosystems with a much-higher level of specificity and penetrability features.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hossam S El-Sawy
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy , Egyptian Russian University , Badr City , Cairo 63514 , Egypt
| | - Ahmed M Al-Abd
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy , Gulf Medical University , Ajman , United Arab Emirates
- Pharmacology Department, Medical Division , National Research Centre , Giza 12622 , Egypt
| | - Tarek A Ahmed
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy , King Abdulaziz University , Jeddah 21589 , Saudi Arabia
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Industrial Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy , Al-Azhar University , Cairo 11651 , Egypt
| | - Khalid M El-Say
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy , King Abdulaziz University , Jeddah 21589 , Saudi Arabia
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Industrial Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy , Al-Azhar University , Cairo 11651 , Egypt
| | - Vladimir P Torchilin
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences Center for Pharmaceutical Biotechnology and Nanomedicine , Northeastern University , 140 The Fenway, Room 211/214, 360 Huntington Aveue , Boston , Massachusetts 02115 , United States
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17
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Li X, Gao Y, Li J, Zhang K, Han J, Li W, Hao Q, Zhang W, Wang S, Zeng C, Zhang W, Zhang Y, Li M, Zhang C. FOXP3 inhibits angiogenesis by downregulating VEGF in breast cancer. Cell Death Dis 2018; 9:744. [PMID: 29970908 PMCID: PMC6030162 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-018-0790-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2018] [Revised: 06/12/2018] [Accepted: 06/13/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Forkhead box P3 (FOXP3), an X-linked tumor suppressor gene, plays an important role in breast cancer. However, the biological functions of FOXP3 in breast cancer angiogenesis remain unclear. Here we found that the clinical expression of nuclear FOXP3 was inversely correlated with breast cancer angiogenesis. Moreover, the animal study demonstrated that FOXP3 significantly reduced the microvascular density of MDA-MB-231 tumors transplanted in mice. The cytological experiments showed that the supernatant from FOXP3-overexpressing cells exhibited a diminished ability to stimulate tube formation and sprouting in HUVECs in vitro. In addition, expression of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) was downregulated by FOXP3 in breast cancer cell lines. Luciferase reporter assays and chromatin immunoprecipitation assays demonstrated that FOXP3 can directly interact with the VEGF promoter via specific forkhead-binding motifs to suppress its transcription. Importantly, the inhibitory effects of FOXP3 in the supernatant on tube formation and sprouting in HUVECs could be reversed by adding VEGF in vitro. Nuclear FOXP3 expression was inversely correlated with VEGF expression in clinical breast cancer tissues, and FOXP3 downregulation and VEGF upregulation were both correlated with reduced survival in breast cancer data sets in the Kaplan–Meier plotter. Taken together, our data demonstrate that FOXP3 suppresses breast cancer angiogenesis by downregulating VEGF expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoju Li
- State Key Laboratory of Cancer Biology, Biotechnology Center, School of Pharmacy, The Fourth Military Medical University, 710032, Xi'an, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuan Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Cancer Biology, Biotechnology Center, School of Pharmacy, The Fourth Military Medical University, 710032, Xi'an, People's Republic of China
| | - Jialin Li
- State Key Laboratory of Cancer Biology, Biotechnology Center, School of Pharmacy, The Fourth Military Medical University, 710032, Xi'an, People's Republic of China.,Clinical Laboratory, The 305 Hospital of The People's Liberation Army, 100017, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Kuo Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Cancer Biology, Biotechnology Center, School of Pharmacy, The Fourth Military Medical University, 710032, Xi'an, People's Republic of China
| | - Jun Han
- State Key Laboratory of Cancer Biology, Biotechnology Center, School of Pharmacy, The Fourth Military Medical University, 710032, Xi'an, People's Republic of China
| | - Weina Li
- State Key Laboratory of Cancer Biology, Biotechnology Center, School of Pharmacy, The Fourth Military Medical University, 710032, Xi'an, People's Republic of China
| | - Qiang Hao
- State Key Laboratory of Cancer Biology, Biotechnology Center, School of Pharmacy, The Fourth Military Medical University, 710032, Xi'an, People's Republic of China
| | - Wangqian Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Cancer Biology, Biotechnology Center, School of Pharmacy, The Fourth Military Medical University, 710032, Xi'an, People's Republic of China
| | - Shuning Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Cancer Biology, Biotechnology Center, School of Pharmacy, The Fourth Military Medical University, 710032, Xi'an, People's Republic of China
| | - Cheng Zeng
- Institute of Material Medical, School of Pharmacy, The Fourth Military Medical University, 710032, Xi'an, People's Republic of China
| | - Wei Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Cancer Biology, Biotechnology Center, School of Pharmacy, The Fourth Military Medical University, 710032, Xi'an, People's Republic of China
| | - Yingqi Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Cancer Biology, Biotechnology Center, School of Pharmacy, The Fourth Military Medical University, 710032, Xi'an, People's Republic of China
| | - Meng Li
- State Key Laboratory of Cancer Biology, Biotechnology Center, School of Pharmacy, The Fourth Military Medical University, 710032, Xi'an, People's Republic of China.
| | - Cun Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Cancer Biology, Biotechnology Center, School of Pharmacy, The Fourth Military Medical University, 710032, Xi'an, People's Republic of China.
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18
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Kansy B, Lang S. [Immunotherapy - The New Era of Oncology]. Laryngorhinootologie 2018; 97:S3-S47. [PMID: 29905353 PMCID: PMC6541097 DOI: 10.1055/s-0043-121594] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/04/2022]
Abstract
In the field of immunotherapy, essential progress was achieved over the past years partially demonstrating long lasting therapeutic responses in different tumor entities. A better understanding of the interactions between the tumor and the immune system as well as the integration of immunotherapeutic approaches into clinical routine were the foundations for this development. The different approaches intervene on multiple levels of the immune response and directly or indirectly mount the patient‘s own immune defense against tumor cells. Immunotherapeutic approaches are represented by cytokine therapies, vaccinations, the use of oncolytic viruses and monoclonal antibody therapies as well as adoptive cell transfer strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benjamin Kansy
- Klinik für Hals-Nasen-Ohrenheilkunde, Kopf- und Halschirurgie, Universitätsklinikum Essen, Universität Duisburg-Essen
| | - Stephan Lang
- Klinik für Hals-Nasen-Ohrenheilkunde, Kopf- und Halschirurgie, Universitätsklinikum Essen, Universität Duisburg-Essen
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19
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Gonzalez F, Rueda A, Sevilla I, Alonso L, Villarreal V, Torres E, Alba E. Shift in the Balance between Circulating Thrombospondin-1 and Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor in Cancer Patients: Relationship to Platelet α-Granule Content and Primary Activation. Int J Biol Markers 2018. [DOI: 10.1177/172460080401900307] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
Tumoral angiogenesis is regulated by the balance between factors that activate and inhibit angiogenesis. Elevated levels of activators have been associated with a poor prognosis in cancer patients, but little is known about the net balance between circulating activators and inhibitors in these patients. This study was designed to determine whether the balance between circulating concentrations of the angiogenesis inhibitor TSP-1 and the activator VEGF differs from that in healthy persons, and to shed light on the possible role of platelets in this balance. Twenty-five cancer patients and 18 healthy subjects were included. Serum and plasma concentrations of VEGF, TSP-1 and PF4 were measured by ELISA. Our results showed that in healthy subjects the balance between the TSP-1 and VEGF concentrations in serum and in serum minus plasma was twice to three times as high as in cancer patients (p<0.05). The theoretical TSP-1 content per platelet was greater in healthy subjects than in patients (94 vs. 53.6 ng/mL, p<0.05), and platelet activation (determined indirectly as the plasma concentration of PF4) was greater in cancer patients (129 vs. 48 IU/mL, p<0.01). Platelet activation correlated significantly with serum concentration of TSP-1 (r=0.470, p=0.018) and showed a tendency toward correlation with plasma concentration of TSP-1 (r=0.382, p=0.059). Our findings show that the circulating TSP-1/VEGF balance is diminished in cancer patients. Platelet activation may play an important role in this decrease and may ultimately lead to increased angiogenic activity in these patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- F.J. Gonzalez
- Medical Oncology Service, Hospital Clinico Universitario Virgen de la Victoria, Malaga - Spain
| | - A. Rueda
- Medical Oncology Service, Hospital Clinico Universitario Virgen de la Victoria, Malaga - Spain
| | - I. Sevilla
- Medical Oncology Service, Hospital Clinico Universitario Virgen de la Victoria, Malaga - Spain
| | - L. Alonso
- Medical Oncology Service, Hospital Clinico Universitario Virgen de la Victoria, Malaga - Spain
| | - V. Villarreal
- Medical Oncology Service, Hospital Clinico Universitario Virgen de la Victoria, Malaga - Spain
| | - E. Torres
- Medical Oncology Service, Hospital Clinico Universitario Virgen de la Victoria, Malaga - Spain
| | - E. Alba
- Medical Oncology Service, Hospital Clinico Universitario Virgen de la Victoria, Malaga - Spain
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20
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21
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Therapeutic effects of thymoquinone for the treatment of central nervous system tumors: A review. Biomed Pharmacother 2017; 96:1440-1444. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2017.12.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2017] [Revised: 11/26/2017] [Accepted: 12/04/2017] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
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22
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Rau KM, Su YL, Li SH, Hsieh MC, Wu SC, Chou FF, Chiu TJ, Chen YH, Liu CT. High expression of endoglin in primary breast cancer may predict response to neoadjuvant chemotherapy. Mol Med Rep 2017; 16:7185-7190. [PMID: 28944897 PMCID: PMC5865844 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2017.7555] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2016] [Accepted: 02/03/2017] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC) is a widely-used treatment for breast cancer, as it may render unresectable breast tumors to become resectable. In addition, NAC provides the unique opportunity to assess response to treatments within months rather than years of follow-up. However, predictive markers of tumor response to NAC are lacking. Therefore, the present study aimed to investigate the expression of endoglin, a marker of angiogenesis, and its association with pathologic responses to NAC. Samples from 34 breast cancer patients were obtained prior to and following NAC treatment. Immunohistochemical staining for endoglin and the mechanistic target of rapamycin (mTOR) was performed, and the correlation between the expression of these markers and pathologic response was examined. The overall response rate to NAC of these 34 patients was 67.6%. A mean microvascular density value of 14 served as a threshold score for the increased expression of endoglin. Increased expression of endoglin in primary tumors prior to NAC correlated with improved response in primary tumors (P=0.019) or in primary tumors and regional lymph nodes (P=0.014), when compared with reduced expression of endoglin. Increased expression of mTOR following NAC was additionally correlated with improved response to NAC. The results of the present study demonstrated that the expression of endoglin in breast tumor samples prior to NAC may be a predictor of treatment response. Long-term follow-up of clinical outcome is required to explain the elevation of mTOR expression levels following NAC treatment in responsive tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kun-Ming Rau
- Division of Hematology‑Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Niao‑Song, Kaohsiung 833, Taiwan, R.O.C
| | - Yu-Li Su
- Division of Hematology‑Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Niao‑Song, Kaohsiung 833, Taiwan, R.O.C
| | - Shan-Hsuan Li
- Division of Hematology‑Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Niao‑Song, Kaohsiung 833, Taiwan, R.O.C
| | - Meng-Che Hsieh
- Division of Hematology‑Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Niao‑Song, Kaohsiung 833, Taiwan, R.O.C
| | - Shis-Chung Wu
- Department of General Surgery, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Niao‑Song, Kaohsiung 833, Taiwan, R.O.C
| | - Fong-Fu Chou
- College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Guishan, Taoyuan 333, Taiwan, R.O.C
| | - Tai-Jan Chiu
- Division of Hematology‑Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Niao‑Song, Kaohsiung 833, Taiwan, R.O.C
| | - Yen-Hao Chen
- Division of Hematology‑Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Niao‑Song, Kaohsiung 833, Taiwan, R.O.C
| | - Chien-Ting Liu
- Division of Hematology‑Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Niao‑Song, Kaohsiung 833, Taiwan, R.O.C
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Arumugam P, Subramanian R, Priyadharsini JV, Gopalswamy J. Thymoquinone inhibits the migration of mouse neuroblastoma (Neuro-2a) cells by down-regulating MMP-2 and MMP-9. Chin J Nat Med 2017; 14:904-912. [PMID: 28262117 DOI: 10.1016/s1875-5364(17)30015-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2015] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Thymoquinone (TQ), an active component derived from the medial plant Nigella sativa, has been used for medical purposes for more than 2 000 years. Recent studies have reported that TQ blocked angiogenesis in animal model and reduced migration, adhesion, and invasion of glioblastoma cells. We have recently shown that TQ could exhibit a potent cytotoxic effect and induce apoptosis in mouse neuroblastoma (Neuro-2a) cells. In the present study, TQ treatment markedly decreased the adhesion and migration of Neuro-2a cells. TQ down-regulated MMP-2 and MMP-9 protein expression and mRNA levels and their activities. Furthermore, TQ significantly down-regulated the protein expression of transcription factor NF-κB (p65) but not significantly altered the expression of N-Myc. Taken together, our data indicated that TQ's inhibitory effect on the migration of Neuro-2a cells was mediated through the suppression of MMP-2 and MMP-9 expression, suggesting that TQ treatment can be a promising therapeutic strategy for human malignant neuroblastoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paramasivam Arumugam
- Department of Genetics, Dr. ALM Post Graduate Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Madras, Sekkizhar campus, Taramani, Chennai-600113, India.
| | | | - Jayaseelan Vijayashree Priyadharsini
- Department of Genetics, Dr. ALM Post Graduate Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Madras, Sekkizhar campus, Taramani, Chennai-600113, India
| | - Jayaraman Gopalswamy
- Department of Genetics, Dr. ALM Post Graduate Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Madras, Sekkizhar campus, Taramani, Chennai-600113, India
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A pilot study on plasma levels of micro-RNAs involved in angiogenesis and vascular maturation in patients with breast cancer. Med Oncol 2017; 34:20. [DOI: 10.1007/s12032-016-0881-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2016] [Accepted: 12/29/2016] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
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25
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Kwee TC, Gholami S, Werner TJ, Rubello D, Alavi A, Høilund-Carlsen PF. 18F-FDG, as a single imaging agent in assessing cancer, shows the ongoing biological phenomena in many domains: do we need additional tracers for clinical purposes? Nucl Med Commun 2016; 37:333-7. [PMID: 26796033 DOI: 10.1097/mnm.0000000000000478] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Thomas C Kwee
- aDepartment of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands bDepartment of Radiology, Hospital of the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA cDepartment of Nuclear Medicine, PET/CT Centre, Radiology, Interventional Radiology NeuroRadiology, Medical Physics, Clinical Laboratory, Biomarkers Laboratory, Pathology, Microbiology, 'Santa Maria della Misericordia' Hospital, Rovigo, Italy dDepartment of Nuclear Medicine, Odense University Hospital eInstitute of Clinical Research, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
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26
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Zhang Z, Wang H, Yan M, Wang H, Zhang C. Novel copper complexes as potential proteasome inhibitors for cancer treatment (Review). Mol Med Rep 2016; 15:3-11. [PMID: 27959411 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2016.6022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2015] [Accepted: 11/08/2016] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
The use of metal complexes in the pharmaceutical industry has recently increased and as a result, novel metal‑based complexes have initiated an interest as potential anticancer agents. Copper (Cu), which is an essential trace element in all living organisms, is important in maintaining the function of numerous proteins and enzymes. It has recently been demonstrated that Cu complexes may be used as tumor‑specific proteasome inhibitors and apoptosis inducers, by targeting the ubiquitin‑proteasome pathway (UPP). Cu complexes have demonstrated promising results in preclinical studies. The UPP is important in controlling the expression, activity and location of various proteins. Therefore, selective proteasome inhibition and apoptotic induction in cancer cells have been regarded as potential anticancer strategies. The present short review discusses recent progress in the development of Cu complexes, including clioquinol, dithiocarbamates and Schiff bases, as proteasome inhibitors for cancer treatment. A discussion of recent research regarding the understanding of metal inhibitors based on Cu and ligand platforms is presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhen Zhang
- Institute of Antitumor Drug Research, School of Pharmacy, Jining Medical University, Rizhao, Shandong 276826, P.R. China
| | - Huiyun Wang
- Institute of Antitumor Drug Research, School of Pharmacy, Jining Medical University, Rizhao, Shandong 276826, P.R. China
| | - Maocai Yan
- Institute of Antitumor Drug Research, School of Pharmacy, Jining Medical University, Rizhao, Shandong 276826, P.R. China
| | - Huannan Wang
- Neurobiology Institute, Jining Medical University, Jining, Shandong 272100, P.R. China
| | - Chunyan Zhang
- Institute of Antitumor Drug Research, School of Pharmacy, Jining Medical University, Rizhao, Shandong 276826, P.R. China
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Mohseni N, Jahanian-Najafabadi A, Kazemi-Lomedasht F, Arezomand R, Habibi-Anbouhi M, Shahbazzadeh D, Behdani M. Recombinant expression and purification of functional vascular endothelial growth factor-121 in the baculovirus expression system. ASIAN PAC J TROP MED 2016; 9:1195-1199. [PMID: 27955747 DOI: 10.1016/j.apjtm.2016.09.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2016] [Revised: 08/26/2016] [Accepted: 09/05/2016] [Indexed: 10/20/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To express human vascular endothelial growth factor121 (VEGF121) in insect cells. METHODS A gene construct containing VEGF was cloned in the pFastBac-HTA vector, followed by transformation in DH10BAC. The recombinant bacmid was then extracted, and transfected into Sf9 insect cells. The transfected cells were harvested, and then VEGF expression was confirmed by western blotting using specific antibodies. The tube formation assay was used for functional assessment of VEGF. RESULTS Our results showed that VEGF could be successfully expressed in the baculovirus system. Purified VEGF was able to stimulate in vitro tube formation of human endothelial cells. CONCLUSIONS Results from this study demonstrated that the recombinantly-produced VEGF can be considered as a promising candidate for therapeutic purposes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nastaran Mohseni
- Biotechnology Research Center, Venom & Biotherapeutics Molecules Lab, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ali Jahanian-Najafabadi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, School of Pharmacy, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences and Health Services, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Fatemeh Kazemi-Lomedasht
- Biotechnology Research Center, Venom & Biotherapeutics Molecules Lab, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Roghaye Arezomand
- Department of Medical Biotechnology and Molecular Science, School of Medicine, North Khorasan University of Medical Science, Bojnurd, Iran
| | | | - Delavar Shahbazzadeh
- Biotechnology Research Center, Venom & Biotherapeutics Molecules Lab, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mahdi Behdani
- Biotechnology Research Center, Venom & Biotherapeutics Molecules Lab, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran.
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28
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Cupriphilic compounds to aid in proteasome inhibition. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2016; 26:3826-9. [PMID: 27311892 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2016.04.075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2016] [Revised: 04/21/2016] [Accepted: 04/23/2016] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
It has been found that tumor cells and tissues, compared to normal cells, have higher levels of copper and possibly other metal ions. This presents a potential vulnerability of tumor cells that can serve as a physiological difference between cancer cells and normal cells and allows design of compounds that selectively target tumor cells while sparing normal cells. Recently we have identified compounds that have potential to inhibit the proteasome in tumor cells and induce cell death by mobilizing endogenous tumor copper resulting in in cellulo activation of the compound. These compounds hence act as pro-drugs, becoming active drugs in tumor cells with high copper content but remaining essentially inactive in normal cells, thereby greatly reducing adverse effects in patients. Such use would be of significant benefit in early detection and treatment of cancers, in particular, aggressive cancers such as pancreatic cancer which is usually not detected until it has reached an advanced stage. Six compounds were identified following virtual screening of the NCI Diversity Set with our proteasome computer model followed by confirmation with a biochemical assay that showed significant inhibition of the proteasome by the compounds in the presence of copper ions. In a dose response assay, NSC 37408 (6,7-dihydroxy-1-benzofuran-3-one), our best compound, exhibited an IC50 of 3μM in the presence of 100nM copper.
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29
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Schalk SG, Demi L, Bouhouch N, Kuenen MPJ, Postema AW, de la Rosette JJMCH, Wijkstra H, Tjalkens TJ, Mischi M. Contrast-Enhanced Ultrasound Angiogenesis Imaging by Mutual Information Analysis for Prostate Cancer Localization. IEEE Trans Biomed Eng 2016; 64:661-670. [PMID: 28113214 DOI: 10.1109/tbme.2016.2571624] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The role of angiogenesis in cancer growth has stimulated research aimed at noninvasive cancer detection by blood perfusion imaging. Recently, contrast ultrasound dispersion imaging was proposed as an alternative method for angiogenesis imaging. After the intravenous injection of an ultrasound-contrast-agent bolus, dispersion can be indirectly estimated from the local similarity between neighboring time-intensity curves (TICs) measured by ultrasound imaging. Up until now, only linear similarity measures have been investigated. Motivated by the promising results of this approach in prostate cancer (PCa), we developed a novel dispersion estimation method based on mutual information, thus including nonlinear similarity, to further improve its ability to localize PCa. METHODS First, a simulation study was performed to establish the theoretical link between dispersion and mutual information. Next, the method's ability to localize PCa was validated in vivo in 23 patients (58 datasets) referred for radical prostatectomy by comparison with histology. RESULTS A monotonic relationship between dispersion and mutual information was demonstrated. The in vivo study resulted in a receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve area equal to 0.77, which was superior (p = 0.21-0.24) to that obtained by linear similarity measures (0.74-0.75) and (p <; 0.05) to that by conventional perfusion parameters (≤0.70). CONCLUSION Mutual information between neighboring time-intensity curves can be used to indirectly estimate contrast dispersion and can lead to more accurate PCa localization. SIGNIFICANCE An improved PCa localization method can possibly lead to better grading and staging of tumors, and support focal-treatment guidance. Moreover, future employment of the method in other types of angiogenic cancer can be considered.
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30
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Del Amo C, Borau C, Gutiérrez R, Asín J, García-Aznar JM. Quantification of angiogenic sprouting under different growth factors in a microfluidic platform. J Biomech 2016; 49:1340-1346. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jbiomech.2015.10.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2015] [Revised: 10/13/2015] [Accepted: 10/18/2015] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
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31
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Sousa M, Machado V, Costa R, Figueira ME, Sepodes B, Barata P, Ribeiro L, Soares R. Red Raspberry Phenols Inhibit Angiogenesis: A Morphological and Subcellular Analysis Upon Human Endothelial Cells. J Cell Biochem 2016; 117:1604-12. [PMID: 26590362 DOI: 10.1002/jcb.25452] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2015] [Accepted: 11/19/2015] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Polyphenols are a class of natural compounds whose potential as antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and anti-angiogenesis has been reported in many pathological conditions. Red raspberry extract, rich in polyphenols, has been reported to exert anti-inflammatory effects and prevent cell proliferation in distinct animal models. However, the signaling pathways involved remain unknown. Herein, we used human microvascular endothelial cells (HMVECs) to determine the influence of red raspberry phenolic compound extract concentrations, ranging from 10 to 250 µg gallic acid equivalents (GAE)/mL, on endothelium viability (MTS assay), proliferation (BrdU incorporation), migration (injury assay), and capillary-like structures formation (Matrigel assay). Protein expression in cell lysates was determined by Western blot analysis. We showed that red raspberry extracts reduced cell viability (GI50 = 87,64 ± 6,59 μg GAE/mL) and proliferation in a dose-dependent manner. A significant abrogation of cells ability to migrate to injured areas, even at low concentrations, was observed by injury assay. Cell assembly into capillary-like structures on Matrigel also decreased in a dose dependent-manner for higher extract concentrations, as well as the number of branching points per unit of area. Protein expression analysis showed a dose-dependent decrease in Phospho-VEGFR2 expression, implying abrogation of VEGF signaling activity. We also showed for the first time that red raspberry phenolic compounds induce the rearrangement of filamentous actin cytoskeleton, with an isotropy increase found for higher testing concentrations. Taken together, our findings corroborate the anti-angiogenic potential of red raspberry phenolic compounds and provide new insights into their mode of action upon endothelium. J. Cell. Biochem. 117: 1604-1612, 2016. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Sousa
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Al Prof Hernâni Monteiro, 4200-319 Porto, I3S, Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Porto, Portugal
| | - V Machado
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Al Prof Hernâni Monteiro, 4200-319 Porto, I3S, Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Porto, Portugal
| | - R Costa
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Al Prof Hernâni Monteiro, 4200-319 Porto, I3S, Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Porto, Portugal
| | - M E Figueira
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Lisbon, AV Prof Gama Pinto, 1649-003, Lisbon
| | - B Sepodes
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Lisbon, AV Prof Gama Pinto, 1649-003, Lisbon
| | - P Barata
- Faculty of Health Sciences, University Fernando Pessoa, Pr Nove de abril, 4249-004, Porto; Pharmacy Unit, Central Hospital São João, Al Prof Hernâni Monteiro, Pr Nove de abril, 4200-319, Porto
| | - L Ribeiro
- Department of Medical Education and Simulation, Faculty of Medicine, Al Prof Hernâni Monteiro, 4200-319 Porto; I3S, Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Porto, Portugal
| | - R Soares
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Al Prof Hernâni Monteiro, 4200-319 Porto, I3S, Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Porto, Portugal
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33
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Feito MJ, Serrano MC, Oñaderra M, Matesanz MC, Sánchez-Salcedo S, Arcos D, Vallet-Regí M, Portolés MT. Effects of immobilized VEGF on endothelial progenitor cells cultured on silicon substituted and nanocrystalline hydroxyapatites. RSC Adv 2016. [DOI: 10.1039/c6ra19154a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Immobilized VEGF effects on angiogenic cells cultured on silicon substituted and nanocrystalline hydroxyapatites.
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Affiliation(s)
- M. J. Feito
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology I/Faculty of Chemistry
- Universidad Complutense de Madrid
- Spain
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria San Carlos IdISSC
- Spain
| | - M. C. Serrano
- Hospital Nacional de Parapléjicos Servicio de Salud de Castilla-La Mancha
- Toledo
- Spain
| | - M. Oñaderra
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology I/Faculty of Chemistry
- Universidad Complutense de Madrid
- Spain
| | - M. C. Matesanz
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology I/Faculty of Chemistry
- Universidad Complutense de Madrid
- Spain
| | - S. Sánchez-Salcedo
- Department of Inorganic and Bioinorganic Chemistry/Faculty of Pharmacy
- Universidad Complutense de Madrid
- Instituto de Investigación Hospital 12 de Octubre i+12
- Spain
- Networking Research Center on Bioengineering/Biomaterials and Nanomedicine
| | - D. Arcos
- Department of Inorganic and Bioinorganic Chemistry/Faculty of Pharmacy
- Universidad Complutense de Madrid
- Instituto de Investigación Hospital 12 de Octubre i+12
- Spain
- Networking Research Center on Bioengineering/Biomaterials and Nanomedicine
| | - M. Vallet-Regí
- Department of Inorganic and Bioinorganic Chemistry/Faculty of Pharmacy
- Universidad Complutense de Madrid
- Instituto de Investigación Hospital 12 de Octubre i+12
- Spain
- Networking Research Center on Bioengineering/Biomaterials and Nanomedicine
| | - M. T. Portolés
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology I/Faculty of Chemistry
- Universidad Complutense de Madrid
- Spain
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria San Carlos IdISSC
- Spain
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Naruke A, Azuma M, Takeuchi A, Ishido K, Katada C, Sasaki T, Higuchi K, Tanabe S, Saegusa M, Koizumi W. Comparison of site-specific gene expression levels in primary tumors and synchronous lymph node metastases in advanced gastric cancer. Gastric Cancer 2015; 18:262-70. [PMID: 24651981 DOI: 10.1007/s10120-014-0357-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2013] [Accepted: 02/08/2014] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Many malignant tumors consist of heterogeneous subpopulations of cells. This heterogeneity is associated with genetic characteristics. However, it remains unclear whether gene expression levels differ among specific sites of tumors in gastric cancer. METHODS We studied differences in gene expression levels among specific sites of primary tumors and synchronous lymph node metastases, using formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded specimens resected surgically from 48 patients with previously untreated advanced gastric cancer. Specimens were obtained by laser-captured microdissection from five regions: (1) nonneoplastic mucosa, (2) surface layer (mucosa) of the primary tumor (surface sections), (3) middle layer (submucosa) of the primary tumor (middle sections), (4) the deepest layer of the primary tumor (muscularis propria or deeper) at the site of deepest invasion (deep sections), and (5) level 1 synchronous lymph node metastasis (lymph node metastases). Expression levels of the following target genes were determined by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction: thymidylate synthase (TS), thymidine phosphorylase (TP), dihydropyrimidine dehydrogenase (DPD), epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR), vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), and hypoxia-inducible factor-1α (HIF1α). RESULTS TP, DPD, EGFR, and HIF1α gene expression levels were significantly higher in deep sections than in surface sections. TP, EGFR, VEGF, and HIF1α gene expression levels were significantly higher in lymph node metastases than in surface sections. TP, DPD, EGFR, VEGF, and HIF1α gene expression levels were positively correlated with the specific samples harvested from the tumors. CONCLUSIONS Our results show that the expression levels of some genes in tumor cells can change in specific sites of tumors and can become higher in association with tumor progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Akira Naruke
- Department of Gastroenterology, Kitasato University School of Medicine, 1-15-1 Kitasato, Minami-ku, Sagamihara, Kanagawa, 252-0374, Japan,
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Mroueh M, Daher C, Hariri E, Demirdjian S, Isber S, Choi ES, Mirtamizdoust B, Hammud HH. Magnetic property, DFT calculation, and biological activity of bis[(μ(2)-chloro)chloro(1,10-phenanthroline)copper(II)] complex. Chem Biol Interact 2015; 231:53-60. [PMID: 25753321 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbi.2015.02.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2014] [Revised: 02/15/2015] [Accepted: 02/26/2015] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
The dinuclear complex bis[(μ(2)-chloro)chloro(1,10-phenanthroline)copper(II)] (1) was synthesized, and characterized by X-ray, FTIR and thermal analysis. The fitting of magnetic susceptibility and magnetization curve of (1) indicates the occurrence of weak antiferromagnetic exchange interaction between copper(II) ions. The electronic structure has been also determined by density functional theory (DFT) method. Complex (1) displayed potent anticancer activity against B16 (Melanoma), MDA-MB-32 (Breast Adenocarcinoma), A549 (Lung Adenocarcinoma), HT-29 (Colon Adenocarcinoma) and SF (Astrocytoma) cell lines with an average IC50 value of 0.726 μg/ml compared to 4.88 μg/ml for cisplatin. Complex (1) has a better therapeutic index and toxicological profile than cisplatin, and has demonstrated a potential chemotherapeutic property.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Mroueh
- School of Pharmacy, Lebanese American University, Byblos, Lebanon
| | - Costantine Daher
- School of Arts and Sciences, Lebanese American University, Byblos, Lebanon
| | - Essa Hariri
- School of Arts and Sciences, Lebanese American University, Byblos, Lebanon
| | - Sally Demirdjian
- School of Arts and Sciences, Lebanese American University, Byblos, Lebanon
| | - Samih Isber
- Department of Physics, American University of Beirut, 11-0236 Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Eun Sang Choi
- National High Magnetic Field Lab, Florida, Tallahassee, FL 32310-3706, USA
| | - Babak Mirtamizdoust
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Qom, PO Box 37185-359, Qom, Iran
| | - Hassan H Hammud
- Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, King Faisal University, Al-Ahsa 31982, Saudi Arabia.
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Ippolito D, Colombo M, Trattenero C, Bonaffini PA, Talei Franzesi C, Fior D, Sironi S. Diagnostic Value of Semiquantitative Analysis of Dynamic Susceptibility Contrast Magnetic Resonance Imaging with GD-EOB-DTPA in Focal Liver Lesions Characterization: A Feasibility Study. Gastroenterol Res Pract 2015; 2015:630273. [PMID: 26064093 PMCID: PMC4438153 DOI: 10.1155/2015/630273] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2014] [Accepted: 04/20/2015] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Purpose. To assess the diagnostic accuracy of dynamic susceptibility contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging (DSCE-MRI) in differentiation between benign and malignant liver lesions by assessment of tumoral perfusion parameters. Methods Materials. Seventy-three patients with known focal liver lesions, including 45 benign (16 FNH, 27 angiomas, and 2 abscesses) and 28 malignant ones (17 metastases, 9 HCCs, and 2 cholangiocarcinoma) underwent 1.5 T MRI upper abdominal study, with standard protocol that included dynamic contrast-enhanced sequences. On dedicated workstation, time-intensity curves were determined and the following perfusion parameters were calculated: relative arterial, venous and late enhancement (RAE, RVE, RLE), maximum enhancement (ME), relative enhancement (RE), and time to peak (TTP). Results. All diagnoses were established either by histopathology or imaging follow-up. Perfusion mean values calculated in benign lesions were RAE 33.8%, RVE 66.03%, RLE 80.63%, ME 776.00%, MRE 86.27%, and TTP 146.95 sec. Corresponding perfusion values calculated in malignant lesions were RAE 22.47%, RVE 40.54%, RLE 47.52%, ME 448.78%, MRE 49.85%, and TTP 183.79 sec. Statistical difference (p < 0.05) was achieved in all the perfusion parameters calculated, obtaining different cluster of perfusion kinetics between benign and malignant lesions. Conclusions. DSCE-MRI depicts kinetic differences in perfusion parameters among the different common liver lesions, related to tumour supply and microvascular characteristics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Davide Ippolito
- 1School of Medicine, University of Milano-Bicocca, 20900 Milan, Italy
- 2Department of Diagnostic Radiology, H. S. Gerardo Monza, Milan, Italy
- *Davide Ippolito:
| | - Maddalena Colombo
- 1School of Medicine, University of Milano-Bicocca, 20900 Milan, Italy
- 2Department of Diagnostic Radiology, H. S. Gerardo Monza, Milan, Italy
| | - Chiara Trattenero
- 1School of Medicine, University of Milano-Bicocca, 20900 Milan, Italy
- 2Department of Diagnostic Radiology, H. S. Gerardo Monza, Milan, Italy
| | - Pietro Andrea Bonaffini
- 1School of Medicine, University of Milano-Bicocca, 20900 Milan, Italy
- 2Department of Diagnostic Radiology, H. S. Gerardo Monza, Milan, Italy
| | - Cammillo Talei Franzesi
- 1School of Medicine, University of Milano-Bicocca, 20900 Milan, Italy
- 2Department of Diagnostic Radiology, H. S. Gerardo Monza, Milan, Italy
| | - Davide Fior
- 1School of Medicine, University of Milano-Bicocca, 20900 Milan, Italy
- 2Department of Diagnostic Radiology, H. S. Gerardo Monza, Milan, Italy
| | - Sandro Sironi
- 1School of Medicine, University of Milano-Bicocca, 20900 Milan, Italy
- 2Department of Diagnostic Radiology, H. S. Gerardo Monza, Milan, Italy
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Dohan A, Lousquy R, Eveno C, Goere D, Broqueres-You D, Kaci R, Lehmann-Che J, Launay JM, Soyer P, Bonnin P, Pocard M. Orthotopic Animal Model of Pseudomyxoma Peritonei. THE AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PATHOLOGY 2014; 184:1920-9. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ajpath.2014.03.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2013] [Revised: 02/28/2014] [Accepted: 03/06/2014] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
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Talaat RM, Salem TA, El-Masry S, Imbarek A, Mokhles M, Abdel-Aziz A. Circulating pro- and anti-angiogenic mediators in patients infected with hepatitis C at different stages of hepatocellular carcinoma. J Med Virol 2014; 86:1120-9. [DOI: 10.1002/jmv.23932] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 02/21/2014] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Roba M. Talaat
- Molecular Biology Department; Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology Research Institute (GEBRI), Sadat City University; Sadat City Egypt
| | - Tarek A. Salem
- Molecular Biology Department; Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology Research Institute (GEBRI), Sadat City University; Sadat City Egypt
| | - Samir El-Masry
- Molecular Biology Department; Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology Research Institute (GEBRI), Sadat City University; Sadat City Egypt
| | - Arafat Imbarek
- Molecular Biology Department; Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology Research Institute (GEBRI), Sadat City University; Sadat City Egypt
| | - Mohamed Mokhles
- Medical Biochemistry Department; Medical Division, National Research Center (NRC); Sadat City Egypt
| | - Amal Abdel-Aziz
- Molecular Biology Department; Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology Research Institute (GEBRI), Sadat City University; Sadat City Egypt
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Haldorsen IS, Stefansson I, Grüner R, Husby JA, Magnussen IJ, Werner HMJ, Salvesen ØO, Bjørge L, Trovik J, Taxt T, Akslen LA, Salvesen HB. Increased microvascular proliferation is negatively correlated to tumour blood flow and is associated with unfavourable outcome in endometrial carcinomas. Br J Cancer 2013; 110:107-14. [PMID: 24178757 PMCID: PMC3887294 DOI: 10.1038/bjc.2013.694] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Revised: 08/27/2013] [Accepted: 10/10/2013] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: We aimed to study the angiogenic profile based on histomorphological markers in endometrial carcinomas in relation to imaging parameters obtained from preoperative dynamic contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging (DCE-MRI) and diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI) and to explore the potential value of these markers to identify patients with poor outcome. Methods: In fifty-four surgically staged endometrial carcinoma patients, immunohistochemical staining with factor VIII and Ki67 allowed assessment of microvessel density (MVD) and microvascular proliferation reflecting tumour angiogenesis. In the same patients, preoperative pelvic DCE-MRI and DWI allowed the calculation of parameters describing tumour microvasculature and microstructure in vivo. Results: Microvascular proliferation was negatively correlated to tumour blood flow (Fb) (r=−0.36, P=0.008), capillary permeability surface area product (PS) (r=−0.39, P=0.004) and transfer from the blood to extravascular extracellular space (EES) (Ktrans) (r=−0.40, P=0.003), and was positively correlated to tumour volume (r=0.34; P=0.004). High-tumour microvascular proliferation, low Fb and low Ktrans were all significantly associated with reduced progression/recurrence-free survival (P<0.05). Conclusion: Disorganised angiogenesis with coexisting microvascular proliferation and low tumour blood flow is a poor prognostic factor supporting that hypoxia is associated with progression and metastatic spread in endometrial carcinomas.
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Affiliation(s)
- I S Haldorsen
- 1] Department of Radiology, Haukeland University Hospital, Jonas Liesvei 65, Postbox 7800, 5021 Bergen, Norway [2] Section for Radiology, Centre for Cancer Biomarkers, Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Bergen, 5020 Bergen, Norway
| | - I Stefansson
- 1] Centre for Cancer Biomarkers, The Gade Institute, Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Bergen, 5020 Bergen, Norway [2] Department of Pathology, Haukeland University Hospital, 5021 Bergen, Norway
| | - R Grüner
- 1] Department of Radiology, Haukeland University Hospital, Jonas Liesvei 65, Postbox 7800, 5021 Bergen, Norway [2] Department of Physics and Technology, University of Bergen, 5020 Bergen, Norway
| | - J A Husby
- 1] Department of Radiology, Haukeland University Hospital, Jonas Liesvei 65, Postbox 7800, 5021 Bergen, Norway [2] Section for Radiology, Centre for Cancer Biomarkers, Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Bergen, 5020 Bergen, Norway
| | - I J Magnussen
- Department of Radiology, Haukeland University Hospital, Jonas Liesvei 65, Postbox 7800, 5021 Bergen, Norway
| | - H M J Werner
- 1] Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Haukeland University Hospital, 5021 Bergen, Norway [2] Centre for Cancer Biomarkers, Department of Clinical Science, University of Bergen, 5020 Bergen, Norway
| | - Ø O Salvesen
- Unit for applied Clinical Research, Department of Cancer Research and Molecular Medicine, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Postbox 8905, 7491 Trondheim, Norway
| | - L Bjørge
- 1] Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Haukeland University Hospital, 5021 Bergen, Norway [2] Centre for Cancer Biomarkers, Department of Clinical Science, University of Bergen, 5020 Bergen, Norway
| | - J Trovik
- 1] Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Haukeland University Hospital, 5021 Bergen, Norway [2] Centre for Cancer Biomarkers, Department of Clinical Science, University of Bergen, 5020 Bergen, Norway
| | - T Taxt
- 1] Department of Radiology, Haukeland University Hospital, Jonas Liesvei 65, Postbox 7800, 5021 Bergen, Norway [2] Department of Biomedicine, University of Bergen, 5020 Bergen, Norway
| | - L A Akslen
- 1] Centre for Cancer Biomarkers, The Gade Institute, Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Bergen, 5020 Bergen, Norway [2] Department of Pathology, Haukeland University Hospital, 5021 Bergen, Norway
| | - H B Salvesen
- 1] Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Haukeland University Hospital, 5021 Bergen, Norway [2] Centre for Cancer Biomarkers, Department of Clinical Science, University of Bergen, 5020 Bergen, Norway
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Mischi M, Saidov T, Kompatsiari K, Engelbrecht MRW, Breeuwer M, Wijkstra H. Prostate cancer localization by novel magnetic resonance dispersion imaging. ANNUAL INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE OF THE IEEE ENGINEERING IN MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY SOCIETY. IEEE ENGINEERING IN MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY SOCIETY. ANNUAL INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE 2013; 2013:2603-6. [PMID: 24110260 DOI: 10.1109/embc.2013.6610073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Diagnosis and focal treatment of prostate cancer, the most prevalent form of cancer in men, is hampered by the limits of current clinical imaging. Angiogenesis imaging is a promising option for detection and localization of prostate cancer. It can be imaged by dynamic contrast-enhanced (DCE) MRI, assessing microvascular permeability as an indicator for angiogenesis. However, information on microvascular architecture changes associated with angiogenesis is not available. This paper presents a new model enabling the combined assessment of microvascular permeability and architecture. After the intravenous injection of a gadolinium-chelate bolus, time-concentration curves (TCCs) are measured by DCE-MRI at each voxel. According to the convective dispersion equation, the microvascular architecture is reflected in the dispersion coefficient. A solution of this equation is therefore proposed to represent the intravascular blood plasma compartment in the Tofts model. Fitting the resulting model to TCCs measured at each voxel leads to the simultaneous generation of a dispersion and a permeability map. Measurement of an arterial input function is no longer required. Preliminary validation was performed by spatial comparison with the histological results in seven patients referred for radical prostatectomy. Cancer localization by the obtained dispersion maps provided an area under the receiver operating characteristic curve equal to 0.91. None of the standard DCE-MRI parametric maps could outperform this result, motivating towards an extended validation of the method, also aimed at investigating other forms of cancer with pronounced angiogenic development.
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41
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Santini C, Pellei M, Gandin V, Porchia M, Tisato F, Marzano C. Advances in Copper Complexes as Anticancer Agents. Chem Rev 2013; 114:815-62. [DOI: 10.1021/cr400135x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1128] [Impact Index Per Article: 102.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Carlo Santini
- Scuola
di Scienze e Tecnologie−Sez. Chimica, Università di Camerino, via S. Agostino 1, 62032 Camerino, Macerata, Italy
| | - Maura Pellei
- Scuola
di Scienze e Tecnologie−Sez. Chimica, Università di Camerino, via S. Agostino 1, 62032 Camerino, Macerata, Italy
| | - Valentina Gandin
- Dipartimento
di Scienze del Farmaco, Università di Padova, via Marzolo
5, 35131 Padova, Italy
| | | | | | - Cristina Marzano
- Dipartimento
di Scienze del Farmaco, Università di Padova, via Marzolo
5, 35131 Padova, Italy
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42
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Uddin S, Hussain AR, Khan OS, Al-Kuraya KS. Role of dysregulated expression of leptin and leptin receptors in colorectal carcinogenesis. Tumour Biol 2013; 35:871-9. [PMID: 24014051 DOI: 10.1007/s13277-013-1166-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2013] [Accepted: 08/29/2013] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Leptin is a multifunctional adipose-derived cytokine that plays a critical role in bodyweight homeostasis and energy balance. Plasma level of leptin is an indicator of the amount of energy stored in adipose tissues. Recently, leptin and leptin receptor dysregulation have been reported in a variety of malignant cells including colorectal cancers (CRCs). There are growing evidence that leptin may be the link between obesity and CRC carcinogenesis. Leptin influence the growth and proliferation of cancer cells via activation of various growth and survival signaling pathways including JAK/STAT, PI3-kinase/AKT, and/or MAP kinases. In this review, current understanding of leptin and its receptor's roles in the pathogenesis of colonogenic cancer has been described.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shahab Uddin
- Human Cancer Genomic Research, Research Center, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Center, MBC#98-16, P.O. Box 3354, Riyadh, 11211, Saudi Arabia,
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de Oliveira DHIP, da Silveira EJD, de Medeiros AMC, Alves PM, Queiroz LMG. Study of the etiopathogenesis and differential diagnosis of oral vascular lesions by immunoexpression of GLUT-1 and HIF-1α. J Oral Pathol Med 2013; 43:76-80. [PMID: 23734967 DOI: 10.1111/jop.12092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/02/2013] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND To investigate whether the immunohistochemical expression of GLUT-1 and HIF-1α is related to the diagnosis and pathogenesis of oral vascular lesions. STUDY METHODS Thirty cases each of pyogenic granuloma (PG) and hemangioma were studied. Antibodies against GLUT-1 and HIF-1α were detected by immunoperoxidase staining in 3-μm histological sections, and the results were analyzed qualitatively and quantitatively, respectively. Positive and negative cells were counted, and the mean number of positive cells was calculated for each case. RESULTS The initial diagnosis of hemangioma was maintained in only 7 (23%) of the 30 cases studied, which were positive for GLUT-1. The remaining 23 cases were reclassified as vascular malformation (VM) (n = 13) and PG (n = 10) due to the absence of staining. The endothelium of blood vessels was negative for GLUT-1 in all cases initially diagnosed as PG (n = 30). The percentage of HIF-1α-positive cells was higher in cases of PG, followed by hemangiomas and VMs (P = 0.005). CONCLUSIONS Histological features are not sufficient to establish the correct diagnosis of oral hemangiomas, and an accurate anamnesis is essential in these cases. In addition, these findings demonstrate that vascular lesions express mediators of angiogenesis, HIF-1α, and suggest that his process may play a role in the pathogenesis of vascular.
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Zhao WY, Wang Y, An ZJ, Shi CG, Zhu GA, Wang B, Lu MY, Pan CK, Chen P. Downregulation of miR-497 promotes tumor growth and angiogenesis by targeting HDGF in non-small cell lung cancer. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2013; 435:466-71. [PMID: 23673296 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2013.05.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 76] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2013] [Accepted: 05/04/2013] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) play important roles in the development of various cancers. MiRNA-497 functions as a tumor-suppressor that is downregulated in several malignancies; however, its role in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) has not been examined in detail. Here, we showed that miR-497 is downregulated in NSCLC tumors and cell lines and its ectopic expression significantly inhibits cell proliferation and colony formation. Integrated analysis identified HDGF as a downstream target of miR-497, and the downregulation of HDGF by miR-497 overexpression confirmed their association. Rescue experiments showed that the inhibitory effect of miR-497 on cell proliferation and colony formation is predominantly mediated by the modulation of HDGF levels. Furthermore, tumor samples from NSCLC patients showed an inverse relationship between miR-497 and HDGF levels, and ectopic expression of miR-497 significantly inhibited tumor growth and angiogenesis in a SCID mouse xenograft model. Our results suggest that miR-497 may serve as a biomarker in NSCLC, and the modulation of its activity may represent a novel therapeutic strategy for the treatment of NSCLC patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen-yan Zhao
- Department of Medical Oncology, Jiamusi Tumor Hospital, Jiamusi 154007, China
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45
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Kossatz S, Béhé M, Mansi R, Saur D, Czerney P, Kaiser WA, Hilger I. Multifactorial diagnostic NIR imaging of CCK2R expressing tumors. Biomaterials 2013; 34:5172-80. [PMID: 23591397 DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2013.03.073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2013] [Accepted: 03/23/2013] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Optical imaging-based diagnostics identify malignancies based on molecular changes instead of morphological criteria in a non-invasive, irradiation free process. The aim of this study was to improve imaging efficiency by the development of a new Cholecystokinin-2-receptor targeted fluorescent peptide that matches the clinical needs regarding biodistribution and pharmacokinetics while displaying superior target specificity. Furthermore we performed multifactorial imaging of Cholecystokinin-2-receptor and tumor metabolism, since simultaneous targeting of various tumor biomarkers could intensely increase tumor identification and characterization. Affinity and specificity of the fluorescent Cholecystokinin-2-receptor targeted minigastrin (dQ-MG-754) were tested in vitro. We conducted in vivo imaging of the dQ-MG-754 probe alone and in a multifactorial approach with a GLUT-1 targeted probe (IR800 2-DG) on subcutaneous xenograft bearing athymic nude mice up to 24 h after intravenous injection (n = 5/group), followed by ex vivo biodistribution analysis and histological examination. We found specific, high affinity binding (Kd = 1.77 nM ± 0.6 nM) of dQ-MG-754 to Cholecystokinin-2-receptor expressing cells and xenografts as well as favorable pharmacokinetics for fluorescence-guided endoscopy. We successfully performed multifactorial imaging for the simultaneous detection of the Cholecystokinin-2-receptor and GLUT-1 targeted probe. Prominent differences in uptake patterns of the two contrast agents could be detected. The results were validated by histological examinations. The multifactorial imaging approach presented in this study could facilitate cancer detection in diagnostic imaging and intraoperative and endoscopic applications. Especially the dQ-MG-754 probe bears great potential for translation to clinical endoscopy imaging, because it combines specific high affinity binding with renal elimination and a favorable biodistribution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Susanne Kossatz
- Department of Experimental Radiology, Institute of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology I, Jena University Hospital, Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Jena, Germany.
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Metronomic chemotherapy in progressive pediatric malignancies: old drugs in new package. Indian J Pediatr 2012; 79:1617-22. [PMID: 22544675 DOI: 10.1007/s12098-012-0759-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2012] [Accepted: 04/04/2012] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Despite intensive research in the field of cancer, many pediatric cancers are still incurable with current treatment protocols. Repetitive administration of conventional chemotherapy at maximal tolerated dose imposes many side effects that further limits the dosing and therefore decreases the anticancer effects. Usually limited options remain when a malignancy progresses after one or two lines of standard chemotherapy protocol. The goal of an oncologist at this point of time remains mainly palliative with an effort to halt the progression of cancer and improve quality of life. Metronomic chemotherapy is defined as the chronic administration of chemotherapeutic agents at relatively low, minimally toxic doses, and with no prolonged drug-free breaks. It is thought this type of chemotherapy inhibits tumor growth primarily through anti-angiogenic mechanisms, promoting apoptosis and immune- surveillance.
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1,10-Phenanthroline promotes copper complexes into tumor cells and induces apoptosis by inhibiting the proteasome activity. J Biol Inorg Chem 2012; 17:1257-67. [PMID: 23053530 DOI: 10.1007/s00775-012-0940-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2012] [Accepted: 09/12/2012] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Indole-3-acetic acid and indole-3-propionic acid, two potent natural plant growth hormones, have attracted attention as promising prodrugs in cancer therapy. Copper is known to be a cofactor essential for tumor angiogenesis. We have previously reported that taurine, L-glutamine, and quinoline-2-carboxaldehyde Schiff base copper complexes inhibit cell proliferation and proteasome activity in human cancer cells. In the current study, we synthesized two types of copper complexes, dinuclear complexes and ternary complexes, to investigate whether a certain structure could easily carry copper into cancer cells and consequently inhibit tumor proteasome activity and induce apoptosis. We observed that ternary complexes binding with 1,10-phenanthroline are more potent proteasome inhibitors and apoptosis inducers than dinuclear complexes in PC-3 human prostate cancer cells. Furthermore, the ternary complexes potently inhibit proteasome activity before induction of apoptosis in MDA-MB-231 human breast cancer cells, but not in nontumorigenic MCF-10A cells. Our results suggest that copper complexes binding with 1,10-phenanthroline as the third ligand could serve as potent, selective proteasome inhibitors and apoptosis inducers in tumor cells, and that the ternary complexes may be good potential anticancer drugs.
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Paramasivam A, Raghunandhakumar S, Sambantham S, Anandan B, Rajiv R, Priyadharsini JV, Jayaraman G. In vitro anticancer and anti-angiogenic effects of thymoquinone in mouse neuroblastoma cells (Neuro-2a). ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bionut.2012.04.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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49
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Rau KM, Huang CC, Chiu TJ, Chen YY, Lu CC, Liu CT, Pei SN, Wei YC. Neovascularization evaluated by CD105 correlates well with prognostic factors in breast cancers. Exp Ther Med 2012; 4:231-236. [PMID: 23139713 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2012.594] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2012] [Accepted: 05/21/2012] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Angiogenesis is critical for the growth, invasion and metastasis of cancers. Extensive neovascularization and tumor thrombus also correlate with a poor prognosis in breast cancer (BC). Although anti-angiogenic agents have been the therapies of choice for BC, in particular for triple-negative BCs, predictive markers for anti-angiogenic agents are lacking. Microvascular density (MVD) is commonly used to assess the neovascularization in tumors. Compared with pan-endothelial markers such as CD31, CD34 and von Willebrand factor (vWF), CD105 has a higher specificity for MVD in tumor tissues. In this study, we aimed to determine the prognostic value of CD105 in BCs. Paraffin-embedded tissue blocks from 201 BC patients were formed into tissue microarrays. Evaluation of MVD revealed that a median of 11 microvessels determined by CD105 staining correlated significantly with the pathological characteristics of BCs and also with the survival of patients. The expression of CD105 correlated inversely with hormone receptor (HR) expression but positively with Her-2 expression. Univariate analysis indicated that CD105 is a superior predictor of disease-free survival (DFS) in stage I and II diseases; multivariate analysis indicated that only hormone receptors (HRs) are suitable for predicting overall survival (OS) in stage III disease. These findings reveal for the first time that MVD measured by CD105 staining correlates positively with Her-2 expression but negatively with HR expression. The significance of MVD on OS is more apparent in early stage BCs. CD105 has the potential to be used as a predictive marker for anti-angiogenic agents; the targeting of CD105 may also be a potential anticancer strategy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kun-Ming Rau
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Hematology-Oncology, and ; Chang Gung University, College of Medicine, Tao-Yuan
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Jethon A, Pula B, Piotrowska A, Wojnar A, Rys J, Dziegiel P, Podhorska-Okolow M. Angiotensin II type 1 receptor (AT-1R) expression correlates with VEGF-A and VEGF-D expression in invasive ductal breast cancer. Pathol Oncol Res 2012; 18:867-73. [PMID: 22581182 PMCID: PMC3448048 DOI: 10.1007/s12253-012-9516-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2011] [Accepted: 03/05/2012] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
Recent studies point to the involvement of angiotensin II (Ang II) receptor type 1 (AT-1R) on processes of metastasing, stimulation of invasiveness and angiogenesis in tumours. In this study, the correlation between intensity of AT-1R expression and expression of lymph- and angiogenesis markers in invasive ductal breast cancers (IDC) was examined. Immunohistochemical studies (IHC) were performed on archival material of 102 IDC cases. Only 28 (27.5%) cases manifested low AT-1R expression while 74 (72.5%) cases demonstrated a moderate or pronounced AT-1R expression. Expression intensity of AT-1R was found to correlate with expressions of VEGF-A (r = 0.26; p = 0.008) and VEGF-D (r = 0.24; p = 0.015). Out of the examined markers of angiogenesis and lymphangiogenesis only the pronounced expression of VEGF-C was found to correlate with patient poor clinical outcome (p = 0.009). The positive correlation between AT-1R and VEGF-A and VEGF-D could point to stimulatory action of Ang II on their expression what might result in augmented lymph- and angiogenesis in IDC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aleksandra Jethon
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Medical University, Chalubinskiego 6a, 50-368, Wroclaw, Poland
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