1
|
Chacón C, Mounieres C, Ampuero S, Urzúa U. Transcriptomic Analysis of the Aged Nulliparous Mouse Ovary Suggests a Stress State That Promotes Pro-Inflammatory Lipid Signaling and Epithelial Cell Enrichment. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 25:513. [PMID: 38203684 PMCID: PMC10779227 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25010513] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2023] [Revised: 12/23/2023] [Accepted: 12/25/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Ovarian cancer (OC) incidence and mortality peaks at post-menopause while OC risk is either reduced by parity or increased by nulliparity during fertile life. The long-term effect of nulliparity on ovarian gene expression is largely unknown. In this study, we describe a bioinformatic/data-mining analysis of 112 coding genes upregulated in the aged nulliparous (NP) mouse ovary compared to the aged multiparous one as reference. Canonical gene ontology and pathway analyses indicated a pro-oxidant, xenobiotic-like state accompanied by increased metabolism of inflammatory lipid mediators. Up-regulation of typical epithelial cell markers in the aged NP ovary was consistent with synchronized overexpression of Cldn3, Ezr, Krt7, Krt8 and Krt18 during the pre-neoplastic phase of mOSE cell cultures in a former transcriptome study. In addition, 61/112 genes were upregulated in knockout mice for Fshr and for three other tumor suppressor genes (Pten, Cdh1 and Smad3) known to regulate follicular homeostasis in the mammalian ovary. We conclude that the aged NP ovary displays a multifaceted stress state resulting from oxidative imbalance and pro-inflammatory lipid signaling. The enriched epithelial cell content might be linked to follicle depletion and is consistent with abundant clefts and cysts observed in aged human and mouse ovaries. It also suggests a mesenchymal-to-epithelial transition in the mOSE of the aged NP ovary. Our analysis suggests that in the long term, nulliparity worsens a variety of deleterious effects of aging and senescence thereby increasing susceptibility to cancer initiation in the ovary.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Carlos Chacón
- Laboratorio de Genómica Aplicada, Departamento de Oncología Básico Clínica, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Chile, Santiago 8380453, Chile; (C.C.); (C.M.)
| | - Constanza Mounieres
- Laboratorio de Genómica Aplicada, Departamento de Oncología Básico Clínica, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Chile, Santiago 8380453, Chile; (C.C.); (C.M.)
| | - Sandra Ampuero
- Programa de Virología, Instituto de Ciencias Biomédicas, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Chile, Santiago 8380453, Chile;
| | - Ulises Urzúa
- Laboratorio de Genómica Aplicada, Departamento de Oncología Básico Clínica, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Chile, Santiago 8380453, Chile; (C.C.); (C.M.)
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Baumgartner NE, Biraud MC, Lucas EK. Sex differences in socioemotional behavior and changes in ventral hippocampal transcription across aging in C57Bl/6J mice. Neurobiol Aging 2023; 130:141-153. [PMID: 37524006 PMCID: PMC10629502 DOI: 10.1016/j.neurobiolaging.2023.05.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2023] [Revised: 05/01/2023] [Accepted: 05/02/2023] [Indexed: 08/02/2023]
Abstract
Socioemotional health is positively correlated with improved cognitive and physical aging. Despite known sex differences in socioemotional behaviors and the trajectory of aging, the interactive effects between sex and aging on socioemotional outcomes are poorly understood. We performed the most comprehensive assessment of sex differences in socioemotional behaviors in C57Bl/6J mice across aging to date. Compared to males, females exhibited decreased anxiety-like behavior and social preference but increased social recognition. With age, anxiety-like behavior, cued threat memory generalization, and social preference increased in both sexes. To investigate potential neural mechanisms underlying these behavioral changes, we analyzed transcriptional neuropathology markers in the ventral hippocampus and found age-related changes in genes related to activated microglia, angiogenesis, and cytokines. Sex differences emerged in the timing, direction, and magnitude of these changes, independent of reproductive senescence in aged females. Interestingly, female-specific upregulation of autophagy-related genes correlated with age-related behavioral changes selectively in females. These novel findings reveal critical sex differences in trajectories of ventral hippocampal aging that may contribute to sex- and age-related differences in socioemotional outcomes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nina E Baumgartner
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Neurobiology, Heersink School of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA; Department of Molecular Biomedical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, USA
| | - Mandy C Biraud
- Department of Molecular Biomedical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, USA
| | - Elizabeth K Lucas
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Neurobiology, Heersink School of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA; Department of Molecular Biomedical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Hua X, Zhu QW, Zhang YN, Cao L, Wang MD, Gao YS, Chen JY. The prognostic significance of human ovarian aging-related signature in breast cancer after surgery: A multicohort study. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1139797. [PMID: 36960071 PMCID: PMC10027938 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1139797] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2023] [Accepted: 02/24/2023] [Indexed: 03/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Recent studies have shown that ovarian aging is strongly associated with the risk of breast cancer, however, its prognostic impact on breast cancer is not yet fully understood. In this study, we performed a multicohort genetic analysis to explore its prognostic value and biological features in breast cancer. Methods The gene expression and clinicopathological data of 3366 patients from the The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) cohort, the Molecular Taxonomy of Breast Cancer International Consortium (METABRIC) cohort and the GSE86166 cohort were analyzed. A total of 290 ovarian aging-related genes (OARGs) were included in the establishment of the prognostic model. Furthermore, functional mechanisms analysis, drug sensitivity, and immune cell infiltration were investigated using bioinformatic methods. Results An eight OARG-based signature was established and validated using independent cohorts. Two risk subgroups of patients with distinct survival outcomes were identified by the OARG-based signature. A nomogram with good predictive performance was developed by integrating the OARG risk score with clinicopathological factors. Moreover, the OARG-based signature was correlated with DNA damage repair, immune cell signaling pathways, and immunomodulatory functions. The patients in the low-risk subgroup were found to be sensitive to traditional chemotherapeutic, endocrine, and targeted agents (doxorubicin, tamoxifen, lapatinib, etc.) and some novel targeted drugs (sunitinib, pazopanib, etc.). Moreover, patients in the low-risk subgroup may be more susceptible to immune escape and therefore respond less effectively to immunotherapy. Conclusions In this study, we proposed a comprehensive analytical method for breast cancer assessment based on OARG expression patterns, which could precisely predict clinical outcomes and drug sensitivity of breast cancer patients.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xin Hua
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Medical School Affiliated Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Qi-Wei Zhu
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Affiliated Tumor Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yi-Nuan Zhang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The First People’s Hospital of Foshan, Foshan, Guangdong, China
| | - Lu Cao
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Medical School Affiliated Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Meng-Di Wang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Medical School Affiliated Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Yun-Sheng Gao
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Medical School Affiliated Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Jia-Yi Chen
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Medical School Affiliated Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai, China
- *Correspondence: Jia-Yi Chen,
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Sharma D, Bhartiya D. Aged mice ovaries harbor stem cells and germ cell nests but fail to form follicles. J Ovarian Res 2022; 15:37. [PMID: 35321734 PMCID: PMC8944102 DOI: 10.1186/s13048-022-00968-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2021] [Accepted: 03/11/2022] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND We recently published evidence to suggest that two populations of stem cells including very small embryonic-like stem cells (VSELs) and ovarian stem cells (OSCs) in ovary surface epithelium (OSE) undergo proliferation/differentiation, germ cell nests (GCN) formation, meiosis and eventually differentiate into oocytes that assemble as primordial follicles on regular basis during estrus cycle. Despite presence of stem cells, follicles get exhausted with advancing age in mice and result in senescence equivalent to menopause in women. Stem cells in aged ovaries can differentiate into oocytes upon transplantation into young ovaries, however, it is still not well understood why follicles get depleted with advancing age despite the presence of stem cells. The aim of the present study was to study stem cells and GCN in aged ovaries. METHODS OSE cells from aged mice (> 18 months equivalent to > 55 years old women) were enzymatically separated and used to study stem cells. Viable (7-AAD negative) VSELs in the size range of 2-6 µm with a surface phenotype of Lin-CD45-Sca-1+ were enumerated by flow cytometry. Immuno-fluorescence and RT-PCR analysis were done to study stem/progenitor cells (OCT-4, MVH, SCP3) and transcripts specific for VSELs (Oct-4A, Sox-2, Nanog), primordial germ cells (Stella), germ cells (Oct-4, Mvh), early meiosis (Mlh1, Scp1) and ring canals (Tex14). RESULTS Putative VSELs and OSCs were detected as darkly stained, spherical cells with high nucleo-cytoplasmic ratio along with germ cells nests (GCN) in Hematoxylin & Eosin stained OSE cells smears. Germ cells in GCN with distinct cytoplasmic continuity expressed OCT-4, MVH and SCP3. Transcripts specific for stem cells, early meiosis and ring canals were detected by RT-PCR studies. CONCLUSION Rather than resulting as a consequence of accelerated loss of primordial follicle and their subsequent depletion, ovarian senescence/menopause occurs as a result of stem cells dysfunction. VSELs and OSCs exist along with increased numbers of GCNs arrested in pre-meiotic or early meiotic stage in aged ovaries and primordial follicle assembly is blocked possibly due to age-related changes in their microenvironment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Diksha Sharma
- Stem Cell Biology Department, ICMR- National Institute for Research in Reproductive Health, Jehangir Merwanji Street, Mumbai, 400, 012, India
| | - Deepa Bhartiya
- Stem Cell Biology Department, ICMR- National Institute for Research in Reproductive Health, Jehangir Merwanji Street, Mumbai, 400, 012, India.
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Zidi S, Stayoussef M, Sontini FK, Mezlini A, Yacoubi-Loueslati B, Almawi WY. Decreased risk of ovarian cancer associated with rs9898876 sex hormone-binding globulin gene variant. Mol Biol Rep 2022; 49:4537-4544. [PMID: 35277784 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-022-07297-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2021] [Revised: 02/16/2022] [Accepted: 02/23/2022] [Indexed: 12/09/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Ovarian cancer (OC) is one of the most common gynecologic cancers,with significant morbidity and mortality. The risk of OC is influenced by hormone status, of which sex hormone-binding globulin (SHBG), which influences the serum availability of steroid sex hormones, is implicated in the pathogenesis and evolution of OC. The aim of this study is to evaluate the involvement of common SHBG gene variants in OC susceptibility and evolution. MATERIALS A case control study including 71 OC patients and 74 cancer-free controls, who were genotyped for rs9898876, rs13894, rs1799941 and rs6257 SHBG SNP. Genotyping was done by the allelic discrimination method, using VIC- and FAM-labeled primers. RESULTS The minor allele frequencies of rs9898876, rs13894, rs1799941 and rs6257 SHBG SNP was comparable between OC cases and control women, implying no significant associations of the tested variants and overall OC risk. Taking homozygous wild-type genotype as reference (OR = 1.00), heterozygous rs9898876 (G/T), and minor allele-carrying genotypes [G/T + T/T] were associated with reduced risk of OC. While rs9898876 heterozygosity (G/T) was predictive of OC occurrence, no significant association of the remaining three tested SNPs was noted with altered risk of OC. Irrespective of FIGO staging, the four tested SHBG SNPs were not associated with the clinical progression of OC. CONCLUSIONS In conclusion, SHBG rs9898876 is associated with a decreased risk of OC, and thus constitutes a potential diagnostic biomarker of OC.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sabrina Zidi
- Laboratory of Mycology, Pathologies and Biomarkers (LR16ES05), Faculty of Sciences of Tunis, University of Tunis El Manar, 1060, Tunis, Tunisia
| | - Mouna Stayoussef
- Laboratory of Mycology, Pathologies and Biomarkers (LR16ES05), Faculty of Sciences of Tunis, University of Tunis El Manar, 1060, Tunis, Tunisia
| | | | - Amel Mezlini
- Salah Azaiez Institute of Oncology, Tunis, Tunisia
| | - Besma Yacoubi-Loueslati
- Laboratory of Mycology, Pathologies and Biomarkers (LR16ES05), Faculty of Sciences of Tunis, University of Tunis El Manar, 1060, Tunis, Tunisia
| | - Wassim Y Almawi
- Laboratory of Mycology, Pathologies and Biomarkers (LR16ES05), Faculty of Sciences of Tunis, University of Tunis El Manar, 1060, Tunis, Tunisia. .,Department of Biomedical Sciences, Nazarbayev University School of Medicine, Z05K4F4, Nur-Sultan, Kazakhstan.
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Diakosavvas M, Fasoulakis Z, Ntounis T, Koutras A, Angelou K, Tsatsaris G, Syllaios A, Garmpis N, Kontomanolis EN. A Potential Pathogenic Link Between Cancer of Female Reproductive System and Infertile Women Treated With Assisted Reproduction Techniques. In Vivo 2021; 35:1393-1399. [PMID: 33910816 DOI: 10.21873/invivo.12391] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2021] [Revised: 03/02/2021] [Accepted: 03/05/2021] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
Prevention and treatment of infertility remains a priority for developed countries where a large proportion of women undergo in vitro fertilization (IVF) after ovarian stimulation. Latest data suggest that, in the USA alone, almost eight million women of fertile age will have sought medical advice for fertility problems by 2025. However, over the last years, attention has been increasingly focused, and questions have risen, on the long-term health effects in women who underwent assisted reproductive technologies (ARTs). Since the emergence of ART, reports highlight a possible connection of ovarian stimulation and several types of gynaecological cancer, including ovarian, endometrial and cervical types, but due to limited scientific evidence, such a speculation is still under investigation. The objective of this review is to summarize the latest data of ovarian hyperstimulation and IVF, associated with the risk of gynecological tract cancer development.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Michail Diakosavvas
- First Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Zacharias Fasoulakis
- First Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Thomas Ntounis
- First Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Antonios Koutras
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Democritus University of Thrace, Komotini, Greece
| | - Kyveli Angelou
- First Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Georgios Tsatsaris
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Democritus University of Thrace, Komotini, Greece
| | - Athanasios Syllaios
- First Department of Surgery, Laiko General Hospital of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Nikolaos Garmpis
- First Department of Surgery, Laiko General Hospital of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | | |
Collapse
|
7
|
Mechanisms of High-Grade Serous Carcinogenesis in the Fallopian Tube and Ovary: Current Hypotheses, Etiologic Factors, and Molecular Alterations. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22094409. [PMID: 33922503 PMCID: PMC8122889 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22094409] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2021] [Revised: 04/19/2021] [Accepted: 04/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Ovarian high-grade serous carcinomas (HGSCs) are a heterogeneous group of diseases. They include fallopian-tube-epithelium (FTE)-derived and ovarian-surface-epithelium (OSE)-derived tumors. The risk/protective factors suggest that the etiology of HGSCs is multifactorial. Inflammation caused by ovulation and retrograde bleeding may play a major role. HGSCs are among the most genetically altered cancers, and TP53 mutations are ubiquitous. Key driving events other than TP53 mutations include homologous recombination (HR) deficiency, such as BRCA 1/2 dysfunction, and activation of the CCNE1 pathway. HR deficiency and the CCNE1 amplification appear to be mutually exclusive. Intratumor heterogeneity resulting from genomic instability can be observed at the early stage of tumorigenesis. In this review, I discuss current carcinogenic hypotheses, sites of origin, etiologic factors, and molecular alterations of HGSCs.
Collapse
|
8
|
Chen J, Lippo L, Labella R, Tan SL, Marsden BD, Dustin ML, Ramasamy SK, Kusumbe AP. Decreased blood vessel density and endothelial cell subset dynamics during ageing of the endocrine system. EMBO J 2021; 40:e105242. [PMID: 33215738 PMCID: PMC7780152 DOI: 10.15252/embj.2020105242] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2020] [Revised: 09/24/2020] [Accepted: 09/28/2020] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Age-associated alterations of the hormone-secreting endocrine system cause organ dysfunction and disease states. However, the cell biology of endocrine tissue ageing remains poorly understood. Here, we perform comparative 3D imaging to understand age-related perturbations of the endothelial cell (EC) compartment in endocrine glands. Datasets of a wide range of markers highlight a decline in capillary and artery numbers, but not of perivascular cells in pancreas, testis and thyroid gland, with age in mice and humans. Further, angiogenesis and β-cell expansion in the pancreas are coupled by a distinct age-dependent subset of ECs. While this EC subpopulation supports pancreatic β cells, it declines during ageing concomitant with increased expression of the gap junction protein Gja1. EC-specific ablation of Gja1 restores β-cell expansion in the aged pancreas. These results provide a proof of concept for understanding age-related vascular changes and imply that therapeutic targeting of blood vessels may restore aged endocrine tissue function. This comprehensive data atlas offers over > 1,000 multicolour volumes for exploration and research in endocrinology, ageing, matrix and vascular biology.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Junyu Chen
- Tissue and Tumor Microenvironments GroupThe Kennedy Institute of RheumatologyUniversity of OxfordOxfordUK
- Department of ProsthodonticsState Key Laboratory of Oral DiseasesWest China Hospital of StomatologySichuan UniversityChengduChina
| | - Luciana Lippo
- Tissue and Tumor Microenvironments GroupThe Kennedy Institute of RheumatologyUniversity of OxfordOxfordUK
| | - Rossella Labella
- Tissue and Tumor Microenvironments GroupThe Kennedy Institute of RheumatologyUniversity of OxfordOxfordUK
| | - Sin Lih Tan
- Tissue and Tumor Microenvironments GroupThe Kennedy Institute of RheumatologyUniversity of OxfordOxfordUK
| | - Brian D Marsden
- The Kennedy Institute of RheumatologyUniversity of OxfordOxfordUK
- Structural Genomics ConsortiumNDMUniversity of OxfordOxfordUK
| | - Michael L Dustin
- The Kennedy Institute of RheumatologyUniversity of OxfordOxfordUK
| | - Saravana K Ramasamy
- Institute of Clinical SciencesImperial College LondonLondonUK
- MRC London Institute of Medical SciencesImperial College LondonLondonUK
| | - Anjali P Kusumbe
- Tissue and Tumor Microenvironments GroupThe Kennedy Institute of RheumatologyUniversity of OxfordOxfordUK
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Książek K. Where does cellular senescence belong in the pathophysiology of ovarian cancer? Semin Cancer Biol 2020; 81:14-23. [PMID: 33290845 DOI: 10.1016/j.semcancer.2020.11.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2020] [Revised: 11/28/2020] [Accepted: 11/30/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Although ovarian cancer is the leading cause of death from gynecological malignancies, there are still some issues that hamper accurate interpretation of the complexity of cellular and molecular events underlying the pathophysiology of this disease. One of these is cellular senescence, which is the process whereby cells irreversibly lose their ability to divide and develop a phenotype that fuels a variety of age-related diseases, including cancer. In this review, various aspects of cellular senescence associated with intraperitoneal ovarian cancer metastasis are presented and discussed, including mechanisms of senescence in normal peritoneal mesothelial cells; the role of senescent mesothelium in ovarian cancer progression; the effect of drugs commonly used as first-line therapy in ovarian cancer patients on senescence of normal cells; mechanisms of spontaneous senescence in ovarian cancer cells; and, last but not least, other pharmacologic strategies to induce senescence in ovarian malignancies. Collectively, this study shows that cellular senescence is involved in several aspects of ovarian cancer pathobiology. Proper understanding of this phenomenon, particularly its clinical relevance, seems to be critical for oncology patients from both therapeutic and prognostic perspectives.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Krzysztof Książek
- Department of Pathophysiology of Ageing and Civilization Diseases, Poznań University of Medical Sciences, Długa 1/2 Str., 61-848, Poznań, Poland.
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Park MJ, Ahn JW, Kim KH, Bang J, Kim SC, Jeong JY, Choi YE, Kim CW, Joo BS. Prediction of ovarian aging using ovarian expression of BMP15, GDF9, and C-KIT. Exp Biol Med (Maywood) 2020; 245:711-719. [PMID: 32223330 DOI: 10.1177/1535370220915826] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
IMPACT STATEMENT Ovarian aging is becoming a more important issue in terms of fertility preservation and infertility treatment. Serum anti-Mullerian hormone (AMH) level and antral follicle count (AFC) are being practically used as markers of ovarian aging as well as ovarian reserve in human. However, these factors have some drawbacks in assessing ovarian aging and reserve. Therefore, the identification of ovarian expressions of BMP15, GDF9, and C-KIT according to female could be applied as a potent predictor of ovarian aging. This work provides new information on the development of diagnosis and treatment strategy of age-related fertility decline and premature ovarian insufficiency.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Min Jung Park
- Korea Institute for Public Sperm Bank, Busan 49241, Korea
| | - Jun-Woo Ahn
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, College of Medicine, Ulsan University Hospital, Ulsan 44033, Korea
| | - Ki Hyung Kim
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Pusan National University School of Medicine, Pusan National University Hospital, Busan 49241, Korea
| | - Junghee Bang
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Dong-A University Hospital, Busan 602-812, Korea
| | - Seung Chul Kim
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Pusan National University School of Medicine, Pusan National University Hospital, Busan 49241, Korea
| | - Jae Yi Jeong
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, 51353 Changwon, Korea
| | - Ye Eun Choi
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, 51353 Changwon, Korea
| | - Chang-Woon Kim
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, 51353 Changwon, Korea
| | - Bo Sun Joo
- Korea Institute for Public Sperm Bank, Busan 49241, Korea.,Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Dong-A University Hospital, Busan 602-812, Korea
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
The Ovarian Transcriptome of Reproductively Aged Multiparous Mice: Candidate Genes for Ovarian Cancer Protection. Biomolecules 2020; 10:biom10010113. [PMID: 31936467 PMCID: PMC7022285 DOI: 10.3390/biom10010113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2019] [Revised: 12/27/2019] [Accepted: 12/30/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
In middle-aged women, the decline of ovarian follicle reserve below a critical threshold marks menopause, leading to hormonal, inflammatory, and metabolic changes linked to disease. The highest incidence and mortality of sporadic ovarian cancer (OC) occur at post-menopause, while OC risk is reduced by full-term pregnancies during former fertile life. Herein, we investigate how parity history modulates the ovarian transcriptome related to such declining follicle pool and systemic inflammation in reproductively-aged mice. Female C57BL/6 mice were housed under multiparous and virgin (nulliparous) breeding regimens from adulthood until estropause. The ovaries were then subjected to follicle count and transcriptional profiling, while a cytokine panel was determined in the sera. As expected, the follicle number was markedly decreased just by aging. Importantly, a significantly higher count of primordial and total follicles was observed in aged multiparous relative to aged virgin ovaries. Consistently, among the 65 genes of higher expression in aged multiparous ovaries, 27 showed a follicle count-like pattern, 21 had traceable evidence of roles in follicular/oocyte homeostasis, and 7 were transforming-growth factor beta (TGF-β)/bone morphogenetic protein (BMP) superfamily members. The remaining genes were enriched in cell chemotaxis and innate-immunity, and resembled the profiles of circulating CXCL1, CXCL2, CXCL5, CSF3, and CCL3, chemokines detected at higher levels in aged multiparous mice. We conclude that multiparity during reproductive life promotes the retention of follicle remnants while improving local (ovarian) and systemic immune-innate surveillance in aged female mice. These findings could underlie the mechanisms by which pregnancy promotes the long-term reduced OC risk observed at post-menopause.
Collapse
|
12
|
Harzif AK, Wiweko B, Addina P, Iswaranti K, Silvia M, Mariana A, Mutia K, Sumapraja K, Muharam R, Pratama G. Anti-Mullerian hormone levels in female cancer patients of reproductive age in Indonesia: A cross-sectional study. F1000Res 2019; 8:159. [PMID: 32185016 PMCID: PMC7059784 DOI: 10.12688/f1000research.15728.2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/20/2019] [Indexed: 03/29/2024] Open
Abstract
Background: Efforts in reproductive preservation for cancer patients have become one of the important aspects of cancer management. In fact, decline in reproductive function is known to occur after exposure to anti-cancer treatments. Measuring anti-Müllerian hormone (AMH) levels is known to be the best parameter in predicting ovarian reserves, which indicates reproductive function. In total, 68% of cancer survivors of reproductive age who underwent anti-cancer treatments suffer from infertility. Meanwhile, ovarian reserves also decrease with increasing age. There is ongoing debate on whether the ovarian reserves of cancer patients could be reduced long before exposure to anti-cancer therapy. Therefore, it is important to know whether ovarian reserves in cancer patients decrease before or after anti-cancer therapy. This can help predict the reproductive function in such cases and the effectiveness of ovarian preservation efforts. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted, comparing the AMH levels of 44 female cancer patients of reproductive age before cancer therapy, to 44 non-cancer patients of reproductive age (age matched) . The biological ages from both groups were adjusted using the Indonesian Kalkulator of Oocytes. Results: The median age in both groups was 28 years old. The AMH levels in the cancer group were found to be significantly lower in contrast to those in the non-cancer group (1.11 [0.08-4.65] ng/ml vs. 3.99 [1.19- 8.7]; p- value <0.001). Therefore, the biological age in the cancer group was 10 years older than that of the non-cancer group, indicating that ovarian aging occurs earlier in cancer patients. Conclusions: AMH levels of cancer patients of reproductive age were already reduced before cancer therapy, given an older biological age, in contrast to that of the non-cancer patients. Proper counseling and implementation of fertility-preserving methods is highly recommended in this group of patients.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Achmad Kemal Harzif
- Division of Reproductive Endocrionolgy and Infertility, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology Faculty of Medicine Universitas Indonesia, Dr. Cipto Mangunkusumo Hospital, Jakarta, DKI Jakarta Province, Indonesia
| | - Budi Wiweko
- Division of Reproductive Endocrionolgy and Infertility, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology Faculty of Medicine Universitas Indonesia, Dr. Cipto Mangunkusumo Hospital, Jakarta, DKI Jakarta Province, Indonesia
| | - Putri Addina
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology Faculty of Medicine Universitas Indonesia, Dr. Cipto Mangunkusumo Hospital, Jakarta, DKI Jakarta Province, Indonesia
| | - Kartika Iswaranti
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology Faculty of Medicine Universitas Indonesia, Dr. Cipto Mangunkusumo Hospital, Jakarta, DKI Jakarta Province, Indonesia
| | - Melisa Silvia
- Indonesian Reproductive Medicine Research and Training Center (INA-REPROMED) of Faculty of Medicine Universitas Indonesia,, Dr. Cipto Mangunkusumo Hospital, Jakarta, DKI Jakarta Province, Indonesia
| | - Ana Mariana
- Indonesian Reproductive Medicine Research and Training Center (INA-REPROMED) of Faculty of Medicine Universitas Indonesia,, Dr. Cipto Mangunkusumo Hospital, Jakarta, DKI Jakarta Province, Indonesia
| | - Kresna Mutia
- Indonesian Reproductive Medicine Research and Training Center (INA-REPROMED) of Faculty of Medicine Universitas Indonesia,, Dr. Cipto Mangunkusumo Hospital, Jakarta, DKI Jakarta Province, Indonesia
| | - Kanadi Sumapraja
- Division of Reproductive Endocrionolgy and Infertility, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology Faculty of Medicine Universitas Indonesia, Dr. Cipto Mangunkusumo Hospital, Jakarta, DKI Jakarta Province, Indonesia
| | - R Muharam
- Division of Reproductive Endocrionolgy and Infertility, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology Faculty of Medicine Universitas Indonesia, Dr. Cipto Mangunkusumo Hospital, Jakarta, DKI Jakarta Province, Indonesia
| | - Gita Pratama
- Division of Reproductive Endocrionolgy and Infertility, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology Faculty of Medicine Universitas Indonesia, Dr. Cipto Mangunkusumo Hospital, Jakarta, DKI Jakarta Province, Indonesia
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Harzif AK, Wiweko B, Addina P, Iswaranti K, Silvia M, Mariana A, Mutia K, Sumapraja K, Muharam R, Pratama G. Anti-Mullerian hormone levels in female cancer patients of reproductive age in Indonesia: A cross-sectional study. F1000Res 2019; 8:159. [PMID: 32185016 PMCID: PMC7059784 DOI: 10.12688/f1000research.15728.3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/27/2020] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Efforts in reproductive preservation for cancer patients have become one of the important aspects of cancer management. In fact, decline in reproductive function is known to occur after exposure to anti-cancer treatments. Measuring anti-Müllerian hormone (AMH) levels is known to be the best parameter in predicting ovarian reserves, which indicates reproductive function. In total, 68% of cancer survivors of reproductive age who underwent anti-cancer treatments suffer from infertility. Meanwhile, ovarian reserves also decrease with increasing age. There is ongoing debate on whether the ovarian reserves of cancer patients could be reduced long before exposure to anti-cancer therapy. Therefore, it is important to know whether ovarian reserves in cancer patients decrease before or after anti-cancer therapy. This can help predict the reproductive function in such cases and the effectiveness of ovarian preservation efforts. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted, comparing the AMH levels of 44 female cancer patients of reproductive age before cancer therapy, to 44 non-cancer patients of reproductive age (age matched) . The AMH was determined from blood.The biological ages from both groups were adjusted using the Indonesian Kalkulator of Oocytes. Results: The median age in both groups was 28 years old. The AMH levels in the blood of the cancer group were found to be significantly lower in contrast to those in the non-cancer group (1.11 [0.08-4.65] ng/ml vs. 3.99 [1.19- 8.7]; p- value <0.001). Therefore, the biological age in the cancer group was 10 years older than that of the non-cancer group, indicating that ovarian aging occurs earlier in cancer patients. Conclusions: AMH levels of cancer patients of reproductive age were already reduced before cancer therapy, given an older biological age, in contrast to that of the non-cancer patients. Proper counseling and implementation of fertility-preserving methods is highly recommended in this group of patients.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Achmad Kemal Harzif
- Division of Reproductive Endocrionolgy and Infertility, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology Faculty of Medicine Universitas Indonesia, Dr. Cipto Mangunkusumo Hospital, Jakarta, DKI Jakarta Province, Indonesia
| | - Budi Wiweko
- Division of Reproductive Endocrionolgy and Infertility, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology Faculty of Medicine Universitas Indonesia, Dr. Cipto Mangunkusumo Hospital, Jakarta, DKI Jakarta Province, Indonesia
| | - Putri Addina
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology Faculty of Medicine Universitas Indonesia, Dr. Cipto Mangunkusumo Hospital, Jakarta, DKI Jakarta Province, Indonesia
| | - Kartika Iswaranti
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology Faculty of Medicine Universitas Indonesia, Dr. Cipto Mangunkusumo Hospital, Jakarta, DKI Jakarta Province, Indonesia
| | - Melisa Silvia
- Indonesian Reproductive Medicine Research and Training Center (INA-REPROMED) of Faculty of Medicine Universitas Indonesia,, Dr. Cipto Mangunkusumo Hospital, Jakarta, DKI Jakarta Province, Indonesia
| | - Ana Mariana
- Indonesian Reproductive Medicine Research and Training Center (INA-REPROMED) of Faculty of Medicine Universitas Indonesia,, Dr. Cipto Mangunkusumo Hospital, Jakarta, DKI Jakarta Province, Indonesia
| | - Kresna Mutia
- Indonesian Reproductive Medicine Research and Training Center (INA-REPROMED) of Faculty of Medicine Universitas Indonesia,, Dr. Cipto Mangunkusumo Hospital, Jakarta, DKI Jakarta Province, Indonesia
| | - Kanadi Sumapraja
- Division of Reproductive Endocrionolgy and Infertility, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology Faculty of Medicine Universitas Indonesia, Dr. Cipto Mangunkusumo Hospital, Jakarta, DKI Jakarta Province, Indonesia
| | - R Muharam
- Division of Reproductive Endocrionolgy and Infertility, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology Faculty of Medicine Universitas Indonesia, Dr. Cipto Mangunkusumo Hospital, Jakarta, DKI Jakarta Province, Indonesia
| | - Gita Pratama
- Division of Reproductive Endocrionolgy and Infertility, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology Faculty of Medicine Universitas Indonesia, Dr. Cipto Mangunkusumo Hospital, Jakarta, DKI Jakarta Province, Indonesia
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Brayboy LM, Clark H, Knapik LO, Schnirman RE, Wessel GM. Nitrogen mustard exposure perturbs oocyte mitochondrial physiology and alters reproductive outcomes. Reprod Toxicol 2018; 82:80-87. [PMID: 30308227 DOI: 10.1016/j.reprotox.2018.10.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2018] [Revised: 09/28/2018] [Accepted: 10/04/2018] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Nitrogen mustard (NM) is an alkylating chemical warfare agent, and its derivatives are used in chemotherapy. Alkylating agents can cause mitochondrial damage, so exposed females may transmit damaged genomes to their children, since mitochondria are maternally inherited and oocytes are not thought to undergo mitophagy (Boudoures et al. [1]). The objective of this study is to investigate NM's effects on oocyte mitochondria to understand risks facing female soldiers, cancer patients, and their children. Mice were injected intraperitoneally with NM, monitored for reproductive outcomes, and ovaries and oocytes were isolated for analysis. Escalating doses of NM increased oxidative stress in parental and F1 generation oocytes, suggesting that mitochondrial damage by NM is enhanced by mitochondrial superoxide. NM-treated ovaries in vitro exhibited smaller mitochondrial volume, more electron-dense and multivesicular structures, and lower birth weight litters. These results demonstrate that females must be protected from alkylating agents for their health, and the health of their offspring.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lynae M Brayboy
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Division of Reproductive Endocrinology and Infertility, Women & Infants Hospital of Rhode Island, Alpert Medical School of Brown University, 101 Dudley Street, Providence, RI, 02905, USA; Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, RI, 02903, USA; Department of Molecular Biology, Cell Biology and Biochemistry, Brown University, Providence, RI 02912, USA.
| | - Haley Clark
- Department of Molecular Biology, Cell Biology and Biochemistry, Brown University, Providence, RI 02912, USA
| | - Laura O Knapik
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Division of Reproductive Endocrinology and Infertility, Women & Infants Hospital of Rhode Island, Alpert Medical School of Brown University, 101 Dudley Street, Providence, RI, 02905, USA
| | - Ruby E Schnirman
- University of Chicago, 5801 South Ellis Avenue, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
| | - Gary M Wessel
- Department of Molecular Biology, Cell Biology and Biochemistry, Brown University, Providence, RI 02912, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Mikuła-Pietrasik J, Stryczyński Ł, Uruski P, Tykarski A, Książek K. Procancerogenic activity of senescent cells: A case of the peritoneal mesothelium. Ageing Res Rev 2018; 43:1-9. [PMID: 29355719 DOI: 10.1016/j.arr.2018.01.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2017] [Revised: 01/13/2018] [Accepted: 01/16/2018] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
Human peritoneal mesothelial cells belong to a narrow group of somatic cells in which both the triggers and the mechanisms of senescence have already been well defined. Importantly, senescent mesothelial cells have been found in the peritoneal cavity in vivo. From a clinical point of view, peritoneal mesothelial cells have been recognized as playing a critical role in the intraperitoneal development of tumor metastases. The pro-cancerogenic behavior of mesothelial cells is even more pronounced when the cells exhaust their proliferative capacity and become senescent. In this review, we summarize the current state of art regarding the contribution of peritoneal mesothelial cells in the progression of ovarian, colorectal, and pancreatic carcinomas, with particular attention paid to the cancer-promoting activity of their senescent counterparts. Moreover, we delineate the mechanisms, mediators, and signaling pathways that are engaged by the senescent mesothelial cells to support such vital elements of cancer progression as adhesion, proliferation, migration, invasion, epithelial-mesenchymal transition, and angiogenesis. Finally, we discuss the experimental evidence regarding both natural and synthetic compounds that may either prevent or restrict cancer development by delaying senescence of mesothelial cells.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Justyna Mikuła-Pietrasik
- Department of Hypertensiology, Angiology and Internal Medicine, Poznań University of Medical Sciences, Długa 1/2 Str., 61-848 Poznań, Poland.
| | - Łukasz Stryczyński
- Department of Hypertensiology, Angiology and Internal Medicine, Poznań University of Medical Sciences, Długa 1/2 Str., 61-848 Poznań, Poland.
| | - Paweł Uruski
- Department of Hypertensiology, Angiology and Internal Medicine, Poznań University of Medical Sciences, Długa 1/2 Str., 61-848 Poznań, Poland.
| | - Andrzej Tykarski
- Department of Hypertensiology, Angiology and Internal Medicine, Poznań University of Medical Sciences, Długa 1/2 Str., 61-848 Poznań, Poland.
| | - Krzysztof Książek
- Department of Hypertensiology, Angiology and Internal Medicine, Poznań University of Medical Sciences, Długa 1/2 Str., 61-848 Poznań, Poland.
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Bajwa P, Nagendra PB, Nielsen S, Sahoo SS, Bielanowicz A, Lombard JM, Wilkinson JE, Miller RA, Tanwar PS. Age related increase in mTOR activity contributes to the pathological changes in ovarian surface epithelium. Oncotarget 2017; 7:19214-27. [PMID: 27036037 PMCID: PMC4991377 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.8468] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2016] [Accepted: 03/23/2016] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Ovarian cancer is a disease of older women. However, the molecular mechanisms of ovarian aging and their contribution to the pathogenesis of ovarian cancer are currently unclear. mTOR signalling is a major regulator of aging as suppression of this pathway extends lifespan in model organisms. Overactive mTOR signalling is present in up to 80% of ovarian cancer samples and is associated with poor prognosis. This study examined the role of mTOR signalling in age-associated changes in ovarian surface epithelium (OSE). Histological examination of ovaries from both aged mice and women revealed OSE cell hyperplasia, papillary growth and inclusion cysts. These pathological lesions expressed bonafide markers of ovarian cancer precursor lesions, Pax8 and Stathmin 1, and were presented with elevated mTOR signalling. To understand whether overactive mTOR signalling is responsible for the development of these pathological changes, we analysed ovaries of the Pten trangenic mice and found significant reduction in OSE lesions compared to controls. Furthermore, pharmacological suppression of mTOR signalling significantly decreased OSE hyperplasia in aged mice. Treatment with mTOR inhibitors reduced human ovarian cancer cell viability, proliferation and colony forming ability. Collectively, we have established the role of mTOR signalling in age-related OSE pathologies and initiation of ovarian cancer.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Preety Bajwa
- Gynaecology Oncology Group, School of Biomedical Sciences and Pharmacy, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Prathima B Nagendra
- Gynaecology Oncology Group, School of Biomedical Sciences and Pharmacy, New South Wales, Australia
| | | | - Subhransu S Sahoo
- Gynaecology Oncology Group, School of Biomedical Sciences and Pharmacy, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Amanda Bielanowicz
- Gynaecology Oncology Group, School of Biomedical Sciences and Pharmacy, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Janine M Lombard
- School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, New South Wales, Australia.,Division of Gynaecology Oncology, Department of Medical Oncology, Calvary Mater Newcastle, Waratah, New South Wales, Australia
| | - J Erby Wilkinson
- Unit for Laboratory Animal Medicine, University of Michigan School of Medicine, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Richard A Miller
- Department of Pathology and Geriatrics Center, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Pradeep S Tanwar
- Gynaecology Oncology Group, School of Biomedical Sciences and Pharmacy, New South Wales, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Schneider A, Matkovich SJ, Saccon T, Victoria B, Spinel L, Lavasani M, Bartke A, Golusinski P, Masternak MM. Ovarian transcriptome associated with reproductive senescence in the long-living Ames dwarf mice. Mol Cell Endocrinol 2017; 439:328-336. [PMID: 27663076 PMCID: PMC5123904 DOI: 10.1016/j.mce.2016.09.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2016] [Revised: 09/19/2016] [Accepted: 09/19/2016] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
The aim of the current work was to evaluate the ovarian follicle reserve and the ovarian transcriptome in Ames dwarf (df/df) mice. The results suggest a delayed ovarian aging in df/df mice compared to normal (N) mice. Although a high number of genes were differentially expressed during aging of N mice, only a small fraction of these changed with aging in df/df mice. These alterations involved more than 500 categorized biological processes. The majority of these biological processes, including inflammatory/immune responses, were up-regulated with aging in N mice, while old df/df mice were characterized by down-regulation of these same processes in comparison to age matched N mice. However, biological processes related to DNA damage and repairing were commonly down-regulated with aging in both genotypes. In conclusion, delayed ovarian aging in long-living df/df mice was associated with reduced expression of genes related to the inflammatory and immune responses.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Augusto Schneider
- Faculdade de Nutrição, Universidade Federal de Pelotas, Pelotas, RS, Brazil; College of Medicine, Burnett School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Central Florida, Orlando, FL, USA.
| | - Scot J Matkovich
- Center for Pharmacogenomics, Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Tatiana Saccon
- Faculdade de Nutrição, Universidade Federal de Pelotas, Pelotas, RS, Brazil
| | - Berta Victoria
- College of Medicine, Burnett School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Central Florida, Orlando, FL, USA
| | - Lina Spinel
- College of Medicine, Burnett School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Central Florida, Orlando, FL, USA
| | - Mitra Lavasani
- Rehabilitation Institute of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA; Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Andrzej Bartke
- Department of Internal Medicine, Southern Illinois University School of Medicine, Springfield, IL, USA; Department of Physiology, Southern Illinois University School of Medicine, Springfield, IL, USA
| | - Pawel Golusinski
- College of Medicine, Burnett School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Central Florida, Orlando, FL, USA; Department of Biology and Environmental Studies, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Poznan, Poland; Department of Head and Neck Surgery, The Greater Poland Cancer Centre, Poznan, Poland
| | - Michal M Masternak
- College of Medicine, Burnett School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Central Florida, Orlando, FL, USA; Department of Head and Neck Surgery, The Greater Poland Cancer Centre, Poznan, Poland.
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Schneider A, Matkovich SJ, Victoria B, Spinel L, Bartke A, Golusinski P, Masternak MM. Changes of Ovarian microRNA Profile in Long-Living Ames Dwarf Mice during Aging. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0169213. [PMID: 28046124 PMCID: PMC5207734 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0169213] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2016] [Accepted: 12/13/2016] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
The Ames dwarf (df/df) mice have extended longevity and can preserve the ovarian reserve longer than Normal (N) mice. Based on this, the aim of our study was to evaluate the ovarian microRNA (miRNA) profile in young and aged df/df and N mice. Ovarian tissue was collected at 5–6 months and at 21–22 months of age for miRNA sequencing. We detected a total of 404 miRNAs in the ovarian samples, from which the abundance of 22 and 33 miRNAs changed with age in N and df/df mice, respectively. Of these, only three miRNAs were commonly regulated with age between N and df/df mice, indicating a very divergent miRNA profile between genotypes. We also detected that 46 miRNAs were regulated between N and df/df mice, of which 23 were regulated exclusively in young mice, 12 exclusively in old mice and 12 commonly regulated at young and old ages. Many genes likely to be targeted by these miRNAs are involved in the FoxO, mTOR, PI3k/Akt and insulin signaling pathways. These results suggest that the aging process has a differential impact on the ovarian miRNA profile in df/df mice, and suggest that these miRNAs can be central players in the maintenance of a younger ovarian phenotype.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Augusto Schneider
- Faculdade de Nutrição, Universidade Federal de Pelotas, Pelotas, RS, Brazil
- College of Medicine, Burnett School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Central Florida, Orlando, FL, United States of America
- * E-mail: (MMM); (AS)
| | - Scot J. Matkovich
- Center for Pharmacogenomics, Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, United States of America
| | - Berta Victoria
- College of Medicine, Burnett School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Central Florida, Orlando, FL, United States of America
| | - Lina Spinel
- College of Medicine, Burnett School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Central Florida, Orlando, FL, United States of America
| | - Andrzej Bartke
- Departments of Internal Medicine and Physiology, Southern Illinois University School of Medicine, Springfield, IL, United States of America
| | - Pawel Golusinski
- College of Medicine, Burnett School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Central Florida, Orlando, FL, United States of America
- Department of Biology and Environmental Studies, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Poznan, Poland
- Department of Head and Neck Surgery, The Greater Poland Cancer Centre, Poznan, Poland
| | - Michal M. Masternak
- College of Medicine, Burnett School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Central Florida, Orlando, FL, United States of America
- Department of Head and Neck Surgery, The Greater Poland Cancer Centre, Poznan, Poland
- * E-mail: (MMM); (AS)
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Senescent peritoneal mesothelium creates a niche for ovarian cancer metastases. Cell Death Dis 2016; 7:e2565. [PMID: 28032864 PMCID: PMC5261005 DOI: 10.1038/cddis.2016.417] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2016] [Revised: 11/07/2016] [Accepted: 11/14/2016] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
Although both incidence and aggressiveness of ovarian malignancy rise with age, the exact reason for this tendency, in particular the contribution of senescent cells, remains elusive. In this project we found that the patient's age determines the frequency of intraperitoneal metastases of ovarian cancer. Moreover, we documented that senescent human peritoneal mesothelial cells (HPMCs) stimulate proliferation, migration and invasion of ovarian cancer cells in vitro, and that this effect is related to both the activity of soluble agents released to the environment by these cells and direct cell-cell contact. The panel of mediators of the pro-cancerous activity of senescent HPMCs appeared to be cancer cell line-specific. The growth of tumors in a mouse peritoneal cavity was intensified when the cancer cells were co-injected together with senescent HPMCs. This effect was reversible when the senescence of HPMCs was slowed down by the neutralization of p38 MAPK. The analysis of lesions excised from the peritoneum of patients with ovarian cancer showed the abundance of senescent HPMCs in close proximity to the cancerous tissue. Collectively, our findings indicate that senescent HPMCs which accumulate in the peritoneum in vivo may create a metastatic niche facilitating intraperitoneal expansion of ovarian malignancy.
Collapse
|
20
|
Wang Y, Cai KQ, Smith ER, Yeasky TM, Moore R, Ganjei-Azar P, Klein-Szanto AJ, Godwin AK, Hamilton TC, Xu XX. Follicle Depletion Provides a Permissive Environment for Ovarian Carcinogenesis. Mol Cell Biol 2016; 36:2418-30. [PMID: 27354067 PMCID: PMC5007791 DOI: 10.1128/mcb.00202-16] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2016] [Revised: 05/07/2016] [Accepted: 06/23/2016] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
We modeled the etiology of postmenopausal biology on ovarian cancer risk using germ cell-deficient white-spotting variant (Wv) mice, incorporating oncogenic mutations. Ovarian cancer incidence is highest in peri- and postmenopausal women, and epidemiological studies have established the impact of reproductive factors on ovarian cancer risk. Menopause as a result of ovarian follicle depletion is thought to contribute to higher cancer risk. As a consequence of follicle depletion, female Wv mice develop ovarian tubular adenomas, a benign epithelial tumor corresponding to surface epithelial invaginations and papillomatosis frequently found in postmenopausal human ovaries. Lineage tracing using MISR2-Cre indicated that the tubular adenomas that developed in Wv mice were largely derived from the MISR2 lineage, which marked only a fraction of ovarian surface and oviduct epithelial cells in wild-type tissues. Deletion of p27, either heterozygous or homozygous, was able to convert the benign tubular adenomas into more proliferative tumors. Restricted deletion of p53 in Wv/Wv mice by either intrabursal injection of adenoviral Cre or inclusion of the MISR2-Cre transgene also resulted in augmented tumor growth. This finding suggests that follicle depletion provides a permissive ovarian environment for oncogenic transformation of epithelial cells, presenting a mechanism for the increased ovarian cancer risk in postmenopausal women.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ying Wang
- Sylvester Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Miami School of Medicine, Miami, Florida, USA Department of Cell Biology, University of Miami School of Medicine, Miami, Florida, USA
| | - Kathy Qi Cai
- Ovarian Cancer Programs, Fox Chase Cancer Center, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA Department of Pathology, Fox Chase Cancer Center, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Elizabeth R Smith
- Sylvester Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Miami School of Medicine, Miami, Florida, USA Department of Cell Biology, University of Miami School of Medicine, Miami, Florida, USA
| | - Toni M Yeasky
- Sylvester Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Miami School of Medicine, Miami, Florida, USA Department of Cell Biology, University of Miami School of Medicine, Miami, Florida, USA
| | - Robert Moore
- Sylvester Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Miami School of Medicine, Miami, Florida, USA Department of Cell Biology, University of Miami School of Medicine, Miami, Florida, USA
| | - Parvin Ganjei-Azar
- Sylvester Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Miami School of Medicine, Miami, Florida, USA Department of Pathology, University of Miami School of Medicine, Miami, Florida, USA
| | - Andres J Klein-Szanto
- Ovarian Cancer Programs, Fox Chase Cancer Center, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA Department of Pathology, Fox Chase Cancer Center, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Andrew K Godwin
- Ovarian Cancer Programs, Fox Chase Cancer Center, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Thomas C Hamilton
- Ovarian Cancer Programs, Fox Chase Cancer Center, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Xiang-Xi Xu
- Sylvester Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Miami School of Medicine, Miami, Florida, USA Department of Cell Biology, University of Miami School of Medicine, Miami, Florida, USA
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Meleis MH, El-Agwany AMS. Peritoneal Carcinomatosis Index in Advanced Ovarian Malignancy either by Multislice CT verus Laparotomy: A Comparative Study. INDIAN JOURNAL OF GYNECOLOGIC ONCOLOGY 2015. [DOI: 10.1007/s40944-015-0028-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
|
22
|
Gharwan H, Bunch KP, Annunziata CM. The role of reproductive hormones in epithelial ovarian carcinogenesis. Endocr Relat Cancer 2015; 22:R339-63. [PMID: 26373571 DOI: 10.1530/erc-14-0550] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/15/2015] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Epithelial ovarian cancer comprises ∼85% of all ovarian cancer cases. Despite acceptance regarding the influence of reproductive hormones on ovarian cancer risk and considerable advances in the understanding of epithelial ovarian carcinogenesis on a molecular level, complete understanding of the biologic processes underlying malignant transformation of ovarian surface epithelium is lacking. Various hypotheses have been proposed over the past several decades to explain the etiology of the disease. The role of reproductive hormones in epithelial ovarian carcinogenesis remains a key topic of research. Primary questions in the field of ovarian cancer biology center on its developmental cell of origin, the positive and negative effects of each class of hormones on ovarian cancer initiation and progression, and the role of the immune system in the ovarian cancer microenvironment. The development of the female reproductive tract is dictated by the hormonal milieu during embryogenesis. Intensive research efforts have revealed that ovarian cancer is a heterogenous disease that may develop from multiple extra-ovarian tissues, including both Müllerian (fallopian tubes, endometrium) and non-Müllerian structures (gastrointestinal tissue), contributing to its heterogeneity and distinct histologic subtypes. The mechanism underlying ovarian localization, however, remains unclear. Here, we discuss the role of reproductive hormones in influencing the immune system and tipping the balance against or in favor of developing ovarian cancer. We comment on animal models that are critical for experimentally validating existing hypotheses in key areas of endocrine research and useful for preclinical drug development. Finally, we address emerging therapeutic trends directed against ovarian cancer.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Helen Gharwan
- National Cancer InstituteNational Institutes of Health, 10 Center Drive, Building 10, 12N226, Bethesda, Maryland 20892-1906, USAWomen's Malignancies BranchNational Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Center for Cancer Research, Bethesda, Maryland, USADepartment of Gynecologic OncologyWalter Reed National Military Medical Center, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Kristen P Bunch
- National Cancer InstituteNational Institutes of Health, 10 Center Drive, Building 10, 12N226, Bethesda, Maryland 20892-1906, USAWomen's Malignancies BranchNational Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Center for Cancer Research, Bethesda, Maryland, USADepartment of Gynecologic OncologyWalter Reed National Military Medical Center, Bethesda, Maryland, USA National Cancer InstituteNational Institutes of Health, 10 Center Drive, Building 10, 12N226, Bethesda, Maryland 20892-1906, USAWomen's Malignancies BranchNational Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Center for Cancer Research, Bethesda, Maryland, USADepartment of Gynecologic OncologyWalter Reed National Military Medical Center, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Christina M Annunziata
- National Cancer InstituteNational Institutes of Health, 10 Center Drive, Building 10, 12N226, Bethesda, Maryland 20892-1906, USAWomen's Malignancies BranchNational Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Center for Cancer Research, Bethesda, Maryland, USADepartment of Gynecologic OncologyWalter Reed National Military Medical Center, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Cai KQ, Wang Y, Smith ER, Smedberg JL, Yang DH, Yang WL, Xu XX. Global deletion of Trp53 reverts ovarian tumor phenotype of the germ cell-deficient white spotting variant (Wv) mice. Neoplasia 2015; 17:89-100. [PMID: 25622902 PMCID: PMC4309726 DOI: 10.1016/j.neo.2014.11.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2014] [Revised: 11/07/2014] [Accepted: 11/12/2014] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
White spotting variant (Wv) mice are spontaneous mutants attributed to a point mutation in the c-Kit gene, which reduces the tyrosine kinase activity to around 1% and affects the development of melanocytes, mast cells, and germ cells. Homozygous mutant mice are sterile but can live nearly a normal life span. The female Wv mice have a greatly reduced ovarian germ cell and follicle reserve at birth, and the remaining follicles are largely depleted soon after the females reach reproductive stage at around 7 weeks of age. Consequently, ovarian epithelial tumors develop in 100% of Wv females by 3 to 4 months of age. These tumors, called tubular adenomas, are benign but can become invasive in older Wv mice. We tested if additional genetic mutation(s) could convert the benign ovarian epithelial tumors to malignant tumors by crossing the Wv mutant into the Trp53 knockout background. Surprisingly, we found that global deletion of Trp53 suppressed the development of ovarian tubular adenomas in Wv mice. The ovaries of Wv/Wv; Trp53 (−/−) mice were covered by a single layer of surface epithelium and lacked excessive epithelial proliferation. Rather, the ovaries contained a small number of follicles. The presence of ovarian follicles and granulosa cells, as indicated by Pgc7 and inhibin-alpha expression, correlated with the absence of epithelial lesions. A reduction of Pten gene dosage, as in Wv/Wv; Pten (+/−) mice, produced a similar, though less dramatic, phenotype. We conclude that deletion of Trp53 prolongs the survival of ovarian follicles in Wv mice and consequently prevents the proliferation of ovarian epithelial cells and development of ovarian tubular adenomas. The results suggest that various cell types within the ovary communicate and mutually modulate, and an intact tissue environment is required to ensure homeostasis of ovarian surface epithelial cells. Especially, the current finding emphasizes the importance of ovarian follicles in suppressing the hyperplastic growth of ovarian epithelial cells, dominating over the loss of p53.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kathy Qi Cai
- Ovarian Cancer Program, Fox Chase Cancer Center, Philadelphia, PA 19111
| | - Ying Wang
- Sylvester Comprehensive Cancer Center, Department of Cell Biology, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL 33136; Department of Medicine, University of California at San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093
| | - Elizabeth R Smith
- Sylvester Comprehensive Cancer Center, Department of Cell Biology, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL 33136
| | | | - Dong-Hua Yang
- Ovarian Cancer Program, Fox Chase Cancer Center, Philadelphia, PA 19111
| | - Wan-Lin Yang
- Ovarian Cancer Program, Fox Chase Cancer Center, Philadelphia, PA 19111
| | - Xiang-Xi Xu
- Sylvester Comprehensive Cancer Center, Department of Cell Biology, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL 33136.
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Mungenast F, Thalhammer T. Estrogen biosynthesis and action in ovarian cancer. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2014; 5:192. [PMID: 25429284 PMCID: PMC4228918 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2014.00192] [Citation(s) in RCA: 103] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2014] [Accepted: 10/25/2014] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Ovarian cancer is still the deadliest of all gynecologic malignancies in women worldwide. This is attributed to two main features of these tumors, namely, (i) a diagnosis at an advanced tumor stage, and, (ii) the rapid onset of resistance to standard chemotherapy after an initial successful therapy with platin- and taxol-derivatives. Therefore, novel targets for an early diagnosis and better treatment options for these tumors are urgently needed. Epidemiological data show that induction and biology of ovarian cancer is related to life-time estrogen exposure. Also experimental data reveal that ovarian cancer cells share a number of estrogen regulated pathways with other hormone-dependent cancers, e.g., breast and endometrial cancer. However, ovarian cancer is a heterogeneous disease and the subtypes are quite different with respect to mutations, origins, behaviors, markers, and prognosis and respond differently to standard chemotherapy. Therefore, a characterization of ovarian cancer subtypes may lead to better treatment options for the various subtypes and in particular for the most frequently observed high-grade serous ovarian carcinoma. For this intention, further studies on estrogen-related pathways and estrogen formation in ovarian cancer cells are warranted. The review gives an overview on ovarian cancer subtypes and explains the role of estrogen in ovarian cancer. Furthermore, enzymes active to synthesize and metabolize estrogens are described and strategies to target these pathways are discussed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Felicitas Mungenast
- Department of Pathophysiology and Allergy Research, Center for Pathophysiology, Infectiology and Immunology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Theresia Thalhammer
- Department of Pathophysiology and Allergy Research, Center for Pathophysiology, Infectiology and Immunology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Bhartiya D, Singh J. FSH-FSHR3-stem cells in ovary surface epithelium: basis for adult ovarian biology, failure, aging, and cancer. Reproduction 2014; 149:R35-48. [PMID: 25269615 DOI: 10.1530/rep-14-0220] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Despite extensive research, genetic basis of premature ovarian failure (POF) and ovarian cancer still remains elusive. It is indeed paradoxical that scientists searched for mutations in FSH receptor (FSHR) expressed on granulosa cells, whereas more than 90% of cancers arise in ovary surface epithelium (OSE). Two distinct populations of stem cells including very small embryonic-like stem cells (VSELs) and ovarian stem cells (OSCs) exist in OSE, are responsible for neo-oogenesis and primordial follicle assembly in adult life, and are modulated by FSH via its alternatively spliced receptor variant FSHR3 (growth factor type 1 receptor acting via calcium signaling and the ERK/MAPK pathway). Any defect in FSH-FSHR3-stem cell interaction in OSE may affect folliculogenesis and thus result in POF. Ovarian aging is associated with a compromised microenvironment that does not support stem cell differentiation into oocytes and further folliculogenesis. FSH exerts a mitogenic effect on OSE and elevated FSH levels associated with advanced age may provide a continuous trigger for stem cells to proliferate resulting in cancer, thus supporting gonadotropin theory for ovarian cancer. Present review is an attempt to put adult ovarian biology, POF, aging, and cancer in the perspective of FSH-FSHR3-stem cell network that functions in OSE. This hypothesis is further supported by the recent understanding that: i) cancer is a stem cell disease and OSE is the niche for ovarian cancer stem cells; ii) ovarian OCT4-positive stem cells are regulated by FSH; and iii) OCT4 along with LIN28 and BMP4 are highly expressed in ovarian cancers.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Deepa Bhartiya
- Stem Cell Biology DepartmentNational Institute for Research in Reproductive Health (ICMR), Mumbai 400 012, India
| | - Jarnail Singh
- Stem Cell Biology DepartmentNational Institute for Research in Reproductive Health (ICMR), Mumbai 400 012, India
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
Fu D, Lv X, Hua G, He C, Dong J, Lele SM, Li DWC, Zhai Q, Davis JS, Wang C. YAP regulates cell proliferation, migration, and steroidogenesis in adult granulosa cell tumors. Endocr Relat Cancer 2014; 21:297-310. [PMID: 24389730 PMCID: PMC4222524 DOI: 10.1530/erc-13-0339] [Citation(s) in RCA: 76] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
The Hippo signaling pathway has been implicated as a conserved regulator of organ size in both Drosophila and mammals. Yes-associated protein (YAP), the central component of the Hippo signaling cascade, functions as an oncogene in several malignancies. Ovarian granulosa cell tumors (GCT) are characterized by enlargement of the ovary, excess production of estrogen, a high frequency of recurrence, and the potential for malignancy and metastasis. Whether the Hippo pathway plays a role in the pathogenesis of GCT is unknown. This study was conducted to examine the expression of YAP in human adult GCTs and to determine the role of YAP in the proliferation and steroidogenesis of GCT cells. Compared with age-matched normal human ovaries, GCT tissues exhibited higher levels of YAP expression. YAP protein was predominantly expressed in the nucleus of tumor cells, whereas the non-tumor ovarian stromal cells expressed very low levels of YAP. YAP was also expressed in cultured primary human granulosa cells and in KGN and COV434 GCT cell lines. siRNA-mediated knockdown of YAP in KGN cells resulted in a significant reduction in cell proliferation (P<0.001). Conversely, overexpression of wild type YAP or a constitutively active YAP (YAP1) mutant resulted in a significant increase in KGN cell proliferation and migration. Moreover, YAP knockdown reduced FSH-induced aromatase (CYP19A1) protein expression and estrogen production in KGN cells. These results demonstrate that YAP plays an important role in the regulation of GCT cell proliferation, migration, and steroidogenesis. Targeting the Hippo/YAP pathway may provide a novel therapeutic approach for GCT.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- David Fu
- Olson Center for Women’s Health, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198
| | - Xiangmin Lv
- Olson Center for Women’s Health, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198
| | - Guohua Hua
- Olson Center for Women’s Health, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei 430070, China
| | - Chunbo He
- Olson Center for Women’s Health, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198
| | - Jixin Dong
- The Fred & Pamela Buffett Cancer Center, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198
| | - Subodh M. Lele
- Department of Pathology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198
| | - David Wan-Cheng Li
- Department of Ophthalmology and visual Science, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198
| | - Qiongli Zhai
- Department of Pathology, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - John S. Davis
- Olson Center for Women’s Health, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198
- The Fred & Pamela Buffett Cancer Center, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198
- Omaha Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Omaha NE 68105
| | - Cheng Wang
- Olson Center for Women’s Health, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198
- The Fred & Pamela Buffett Cancer Center, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198
| |
Collapse
|
27
|
Smith ER, Wang Y, Xu XX. Development of a mouse model of menopausal ovarian cancer. Front Oncol 2014; 4:36. [PMID: 24616881 PMCID: PMC3935315 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2014.00036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2013] [Accepted: 02/12/2014] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Despite significant understanding of the genetic mutations involved in ovarian epithelial cancer and advances in genomic approaches for expression and mutation profiling of tumor tissues, several key questions in ovarian cancer biology remain enigmatic: the mechanism for the well-established impact of reproductive factors on ovarian cancer risk remains obscure; cell of origin of ovarian cancer continue to be debated; and the precursor lesion, sequence, or events in progression remain to be defined. Suitable mouse models should complement the analysis of human tumor tissues and may provide clues to these questions currently perplexing ovarian cancer biology. A potentially useful model is the germ cell-deficient Wv (white spotting variant) mutant mouse line, which may be used to study the impact of menopausal physiology on the increased risk of ovarian cancer. The Wv mice harbor a point mutation in c-Kit that reduces the receptor tyrosine kinase activity to about 1–5% (it is not a null mutation). Homozygous Wv mutant females have a reduced ovarian germ cell reservoir at birth and the follicles are rapidly depleted upon reaching reproductive maturity, but other biological phenotypes are minimal and the mice have a normal life span. The loss of ovarian function precipitates changes in hormonal and metabolic activity that model features of menopause in humans. As a consequence of follicle depletion, the Wv ovaries develop ovarian tubular adenomas, a benign epithelial tumor corresponding to surface epithelial invaginations and papillomatosis that mark human ovarian aging. Ongoing work will test the possibility of converting the benign epithelial tubular adenomas into neoplastic tumors by addition of an oncogenic mutation, such as of Tp53, to model the genotype and biology of serous ovarian cancer. Model based on the Wv mice may have the potential to gain biological and etiological insights into ovarian cancer development and prevention.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Elizabeth R Smith
- Department of Cell Biology, Sylvester Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Miami School of Medicine , Miami, FL , USA
| | - Ying Wang
- Department of Cell Biology, Sylvester Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Miami School of Medicine , Miami, FL , USA
| | - Xiang-Xi Xu
- Department of Cell Biology, Sylvester Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Miami School of Medicine , Miami, FL , USA ; Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Miami School of Medicine , Miami, FL , USA
| |
Collapse
|
28
|
Anti-Mullerian hormone and risk of invasive serous ovarian cancer. Cancer Causes Control 2014; 25:583-9. [PMID: 24562905 DOI: 10.1007/s10552-014-0363-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2013] [Accepted: 02/14/2014] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Epithelial ovarian cancers either arise directly from Mullerian-type epithelium or acquire Mullerian characteristics in the course of neoplastic transformation. The anti-Mullerian hormone (AMH) causes regression of Mullerian structures during fetal development in males and has been shown to inhibit the growth of epithelial ovarian cancer. Therefore, we hypothesized that pre-diagnostic serum concentrations of AMH are inversely associated with risk of invasive serous ovarian cancer. METHODS A case-control study (107 cases, 208 controls) was nested within the population-based Finnish Maternity Cohort (1986-2007). The sample donated during the first trimester of the last pregnancy preceding cancer diagnosis of the case subjects was selected for the study. For each case, two controls, matched on age and date at sampling, as well as parity at sampling and at cancer diagnosis were selected. AMH was measured by a second-generation AMH ELISA. Conditional logistic regression was used to compute odds ratios (OR) and 95 % confidence intervals (CI) for invasive serous ovarian cancer associated with AMH concentrations. RESULTS Overall AMH concentrations were not associated with risk of invasive serous ovarian cancer (OR 0.93; 95 % CI 0.49-1.77 for top vs. bottom tertile, P trend=0.83). In women older than the median age at sampling (32.7 years), a doubling of AMH was associated with decreased risk (OR 0.69; 95 % CI 0.49-0.96), whereas an increased risk (OR 1.64; 95 % CI 1.06-2.54) was observed in younger women, P homogeneity = 0.002. CONCLUSIONS In this first prospective investigation, risk of invasive serous ovarian cancer was not associated with pre-diagnostic AMH concentrations overall; however, the association may depend on age at AMH measurement.
Collapse
|
29
|
Hellstrom I, Swisher E, Hellstrom KE, Yip YY, Agnew K, Luborsky JL. Anti-HE4 antibodies in infertile women and women with ovarian cancer. Gynecol Oncol 2013; 130:629-33. [PMID: 23727327 DOI: 10.1016/j.ygyno.2013.05.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2013] [Revised: 05/14/2013] [Accepted: 05/21/2013] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To develop an assay for anti-HE4 antibodies and assess such antibodies in sera from women with increased epidemiologic risk for ovarian cancer (infertility) and patients with ovarian cancer in comparison to controls. METHODS An ELISA was developed to measure antibodies to recombinant full length HE4 and cut-off values were determined for different levels of specificity (up to 99%). RESULTS Infertile women more frequently had anti-HE4 antibodies than controls (23% at 98% specificity, p < 0.001) with antibodies most frequent in women with POF (31%) and ovulatory dysfunction (47%). There was also an increased frequency of anti-HE4 antibodies in patients with ovarian cancer (14% at 97% specificity, p < 0.01), but more women with certain types of infertility have anti-HE4 antibodies than women with ovarian cancer. Most patients with ovarian cancer have circulating HE4 antigen, which may interfere with detection of antibodies, while the level of HE4 antigen in sera from infertile women was not higher than in normal controls. There was a statistically significant correlation between antibodies to HE4 and antibodies to mesothelin in the same patients. CONCLUSIONS Women with certain types of infertility, which have increased risk to develop ovarian cancer, and women with ovarian cancer more frequently than controls have antibodies to HE4, a biomarker for ovarian cancer. The antibodies may reflect a tumor-promoting Th2 type of inflammation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ingegerd Hellstrom
- Department of Pathology, Harborview Medical Center, Seattle, WA 98104, United States.
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
30
|
Hypermethylation and post-transcriptional regulation of DNA methyltransferases in the ovarian carcinomas of the laying hen. PLoS One 2013; 8:e61658. [PMID: 23613894 PMCID: PMC3629126 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0061658] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2012] [Accepted: 03/11/2013] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
DNA methyltransferases (DNMTs) are key regulators of DNA methylation and have crucial roles in carcinogenesis, embryogenesis and epigenetic modification. In general, DNMT1 has enzymatic activity affecting maintenance of DNA methylation, whereas DNMT3A and DNMT3B are involved in de novo methylation events. Although DNMT genes are well known in mammals including humans and mice, they are not well studied in avian species, especially the laying hen which is recognized as an excellent animal model for research on human ovarian carcinogenesis. Results of the present study demonstrated that expression of DNMT1, DNMT3A and DNMT3B genes was significantly increased, particularly in the glandular epithelia (GE) of cancerous ovaries, but not normal ovaries. Consistent with this result, immunoreactive 5-methylcytosine protein was predominantly abundant in nuclei of stromal and GE cells of cancerous ovaries, but it was also found that, to a lesser extent, in nuclei of stromal cells of normal ovaries. Methylation-specific PCR analysis detected hypermethylation of the promoter regions of the tumor suppressor genes in the initiation and development of chicken ovarian cancer. Further, several microRNAs, specifically miR-1741, miR-16c, and miR-222, and miR-1632 were discovered to influence expression of DNMT3A and DNMT3B, respectively, via their 3′-UTR which suggests post-transcriptional regulation of their expression in laying hens. Collectively, results of the present study demonstrated increased expression of DNMT genes in cancerous ovaries of laying hens and post-transcriptional regulation of those genes by specific microRNAs, as well as control of hypermethylation of the promoters of tumor suppressor genes.
Collapse
|
31
|
Siristatidis C, Sergentanis TN, Kanavidis P, Trivella M, Sotiraki M, Mavromatis I, Psaltopoulou T, Skalkidou A, Petridou ET. Controlled ovarian hyperstimulation for IVF: impact on ovarian, endometrial and cervical cancer—a systematic review and meta-analysis. Hum Reprod Update 2012; 19:105-23. [DOI: 10.1093/humupd/dms051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 108] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
|
32
|
Distinct expression pattern and post-transcriptional regulation of cell cycle genes in the glandular epithelia of avian ovarian carcinomas. PLoS One 2012; 7:e51592. [PMID: 23236518 PMCID: PMC3517539 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0051592] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2012] [Accepted: 11/05/2012] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
The cell cycle system is controlled in a timely manner by three groups of cyclins, cyclin dependent kinases and cyclin dependent kinase inhibitors. Abnormal alterations of cell cycle regulatory mechanisms are a common feature of many diseases including numerous tumor types such as ovarian cancer. Although a variety of cell cycle regulatory genes are well known in mammalian species including human and mice, they are not well studied in avian species, especially in laying hens which are recognized as an excellent animal model for research relevant to human ovarian carcinogenesis. Therefore, in the present study, we focused on comparative expression and regulation of expression of candidate genes which might be involved in the cell cycle program in surface epithelial ovarian cancer in laying hens. Our current results indicate that expression levels of cell cycle gene transcripts are greater in cancerous as compared to normal ovaries. In particular, cyclin A2 (CCNA2), CCND1, CCND2, CCND3, CCNE2, cyclin dependent kinase 1 (CDK1), CDK3, CDK5, cyclin dependent kinases inhibitor 1A (CDKN1A) and CDKN1B were upregulated predominantly in the glandular epithelia of cancerous ovaries from laying hens. Further, several microRNAs (miRs), specifically miR-1798, miR-1699, miR-223 and miR-1744 were discovered to influence expression of CCND1, CCNE2, CDK1, and CDK3 mRNAs, respectively, via their 3′-UTR which suggests that post-transcriptional regulation of gene expression influences their expression in laying hens. Moreover, miR-1626 influenced CDKN1A expression and miR-222, miR-1787 and miR-1812 regulated CDKN1B expression via their 3′-UTR regions. Collectively, results of the present study demonstrate increased expression of cell cycle-related genes in cancerous ovaries of laying hens and indicate that expression of these genes is post-transcriptionally regulated by specific microRNAs.
Collapse
|
33
|
Eilati E, Pan L, Bahr JM, Hales DB. Age dependent increase in prostaglandin pathway coincides with onset of ovarian cancer in laying hens. Prostaglandins Leukot Essent Fatty Acids 2012; 87:177-84. [PMID: 23089186 PMCID: PMC3592969 DOI: 10.1016/j.plefa.2012.09.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2012] [Revised: 09/04/2012] [Accepted: 09/05/2012] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Chronic inflammation has been linked to cancer. Prostaglandin E₂ (PGE₂) is the most pro-inflammatory lipid and one of the downstream products of 2 isoforms of cyclooxygenase (COX) enzymes: COX-1 and COX-2. Ovarian cancer is the most lethal gynecological malignancy and mainly occurs in older women. The factors that contribute to the correlation of age and ovarian cancer are unknown. The purpose of this study was to examine the expression of COX enzymes and PGE₂ levels in ovaries and correlate them to ovarian cancer and aging. White Leghorn hens aged 1, 1.5, 2, 2.5, 3 and 3.5 years were used. The incidence of ovarian cancer was determined by gross pathology and histology. COX-1 and COX-2 protein and mRNA expression and PGE₂ concentrations in ovaries were measured using Western blot, quantitative real-time PCR and ELISA, respectively. Our results indicated an increase in ovarian cancer incidence and expression of both COX enzymes in ovaries of older hens. In correlation with ovarian cancer incidence and COX enzymes expression, PGE₂ concentrations were elevated with age. Ovaries with tumor had elevated COX-1 expression and PGE₂ concentration compared to normal ovaries. Our findings suggest that the up-regulation of COX enzymes with age is the main contributing factor in the age associated increase in PGE₂. Furthermore, elevated PGE₂ in ovaries of hens concomitant with age suggests its important role in early stages of ovarian carcinogenesis. These finding may provide the basis for clinical trials utilizing COX specific inhibitors or dietary intervention targeting prostaglandin biosynthesis for the prevention and treatment of ovarian cancer.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Erfan Eilati
- Department of Physiology, Southern Illinois University—Carbondale, School of Medicine, Carbondale, IL 62901, USA
| | - Lurui Pan
- Department of Physiology, Southern Illinois University—Carbondale, School of Medicine, Carbondale, IL 62901, USA
| | - Janice M. Bahr
- Department of Animal Sciences, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, 1207 W. Gregory Dr., Urbana, IL, USA
| | - Dale Buchanan Hales
- Department of Physiology, Southern Illinois University—Carbondale, School of Medicine, Carbondale, IL 62901, USA
- Correspondence to: Department of Physiology, Southern Illinois University Carbondale, School of Medicine, Life Science II, Room 250 (M/C 6512), 1125 Lincoln Drive, Carbondale, IL 62901, USA. Tel.: +1 618 453 1544; fax: +1 618 453 1517. (D.B. Hales)
| |
Collapse
|
34
|
Wang C, Lv X, Jiang C, Cordes CM, Fu L, Lele SM, Davis JS. Transforming growth factor alpha (TGFα) regulates granulosa cell tumor (GCT) cell proliferation and migration through activation of multiple pathways. PLoS One 2012; 7:e48299. [PMID: 23155381 PMCID: PMC3498304 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0048299] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2012] [Accepted: 09/28/2012] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Granulosa cell tumors (GCTs) are the most common ovarian estrogen producing tumors, leading to symptoms of excessive estrogen such as endometrial hyperplasia and endometrial adenocarcinoma. These tumors have malignant potential and often recur. The etiology of GCT is unknown. TGFα is a potent mitogen for many different cells. However, its function in GCT initiation, progression and metastasis has not been determined. The present study aims to determine whether TGFα plays a role in the growth of GCT cells. KGN cells, which are derived from an invasive GCT and have many features of normal granulosa cells, were used as the cellular model. Immunohistochemistry, Western blot and RT-PCR results showed that the ErbB family of receptors is expressed in human GCT tissues and GCT cell lines. RT-PCR results also indicated that TGFα and EGF are expressed in the human granulosa cells and the GCT cell lines, suggesting that TGFα might regulate GCT cell function in an autocrine/paracrine manner. TGFα stimulated KGN cell DNA synthesis, cell proliferation, cell viability, cell cycle progression, and cell migration. TGFα rapidly activated EGFR/PI3K/Akt and mTOR pathways, as indicated by rapid phosphorylation of Akt, TSC2, Rictor, mTOR, P70S6K and S6 proteins following TGFα treatment. TGFα also rapidly activated the EGFR/MEK/ERK pathway, and P38 MAPK pathways, as indicated by the rapid phosphorylation of EGFR, MEK, ERK1/2, P38, and CREB after TGFα treatment. Whereas TGFα triggered a transient activation of Akt, it induced a sustained activation of ERK1/2 in KGN cells. Long-term treatment of KGN cells with TGFα resulted in a significant increase in cyclin D2 and a decrease in p27/Kip1, two critical regulators of granulosa cell proliferation and granulosa cell tumorigenesis. In conclusion, TGFα, via multiple signaling pathways, regulates KGN cell proliferation and migration and may play an important role in the growth and metastasis of GCTs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Cheng Wang
- Departments of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Olson Center for Women's Health, College of Medicine, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, Nebraska, United States of America
- * E-mail: (CW); (JSD)
| | - Xiangmin Lv
- Departments of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Olson Center for Women's Health, College of Medicine, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, Nebraska, United States of America
- Key Laboratory of Protein Chemistry and Developmental Biology of Education Ministry of China, College of Life Sciences, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Chao Jiang
- Departments of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Olson Center for Women's Health, College of Medicine, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, Nebraska, United States of America
| | - Crystal M. Cordes
- Departments of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Olson Center for Women's Health, College of Medicine, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, Nebraska, United States of America
| | - Lan Fu
- Departments of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Olson Center for Women's Health, College of Medicine, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, Nebraska, United States of America
| | - Subodh M. Lele
- Department of Pathology and Microbiology, College of Medicine, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, Nebraska, United States of America
| | - John S. Davis
- Departments of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Olson Center for Women's Health, College of Medicine, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, Nebraska, United States of America
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Medicine, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, Nebraska, United States of America
- VA Medical Center, Omaha, Nebraska, United States of America
- * E-mail: (CW); (JSD)
| |
Collapse
|
35
|
Le DC, Kubo T, Fujino Y, Sokal DC, Vach TH, Pham TM, Matsuda S. Reproductive factors in relation to ovarian cancer: a case-control study in Northern Vietnam. Contraception 2012; 86:494-9. [PMID: 22579106 DOI: 10.1016/j.contraception.2012.02.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2012] [Revised: 02/22/2012] [Accepted: 02/27/2012] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Ovarian cancer, one of the most common cancers in women and the most serious gynecologic cancer, is known to be influenced by reproductive factors, but these factors have not previously been examined in Vietnamese women. STUDY DESIGN We analyzed 262 ovarian cancer patients recruited from 27 hospitals in 12 provinces and Ha Noi City from April 2001 to May 2006, plus 755 controls matched by age and residential address. RESULTS The risk of ovarian cancer was significantly lower in parous women than nulliparous women. Use of an intrauterine contraceptive device was also associated with a reduced risk. In contrast, induced abortion, late menopause and years of ovulation were significantly associated with an increased risk of cancer. CONCLUSIONS Parity and intrauterine device use were associated with a reduced risk of ovarian cancer in Vietnamese women, whereas induced abortion, late menopause and years of ovulation were associated with an increased risk.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Duc-Cuong Le
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Community Health, School of Medicine, University of Occupational and Environmental Health, Kitakyu shu, Japan.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
36
|
Bakker ST, van de Vrugt HJ, Visser JA, Delzenne-Goette E, van der Wal A, Berns MAD, van de Ven M, Oostra AB, de Vries S, Kramer P, Arwert F, van der Valk M, de Winter JP, te Riele H. Fancf-deficient mice are prone to develop ovarian tumours. J Pathol 2011; 226:28-39. [PMID: 21915857 DOI: 10.1002/path.2992] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2011] [Revised: 08/23/2011] [Accepted: 08/25/2011] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Fanconi anaemia (FA) is a rare recessive disorder marked by developmental abnormalities, bone marrow failure, and a high risk for the development of leukaemia and solid tumours. The inactivation of FA genes, in particular FANCF, has also been documented in sporadic tumours in non-FA patients. To study whether there is a causal relationship between FA pathway defects and tumour development, we have generated a mouse model with a targeted disruption of the FA core complex gene Fancf. Fancf-deficient mouse embryonic fibroblasts displayed a phenotype typical for FA cells: they showed an aberrant response to DNA cross-linking agents as manifested by G(2) arrest, chromosomal aberrations, reduced survival, and an inability to monoubiquitinate FANCD2. Fancf homozygous mice were viable, born following a normal Mendelian distribution, and showed no growth retardation or developmental abnormalities. The gonads of Fancf mutant mice functioned abnormally, showing compromised follicle development and spermatogenesis as has been observed in other FA mouse models and in FA patients. In a cohort of Fancf-deficient mice, we observed decreased overall survival and increased tumour incidence. Notably, in seven female mice, six ovarian tumours developed: five granulosa cell tumours and one luteoma. One mouse had developed tumours in both ovaries. High-resolution array comparative genomic hybridization (aCGH) on these tumours suggests that the increased incidence of ovarian tumours correlates with the infertility in Fancf-deficient mice and the genomic instability characteristic of FA pathway deficiency.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sietske T Bakker
- Division of Molecular Biology, Netherlands Cancer Institute, Plesmanlaan 121, 1066 CX Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
37
|
Luborsky JL, Yu Y, Edassery SL, Jaffar J, Yip YY, Liu P, Hellstrom KE, Hellstrom I. Autoantibodies to mesothelin in infertility. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 2011; 20:1970-8. [PMID: 21846819 DOI: 10.1158/1055-9965.epi-11-0139] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND According to extensive epidemiologic data, infertility is associated with increased ovarian cancer risk. Previous studies showed that both women with infertility and those with ovarian cancer have autoantibodies to ovarian antigens. The objective was to determine if women with infertility have antibodies to mesothelin, a well-characterized ovarian cancer antigen. METHODS Sera were obtained from women with infertility (n = 109), ovarian cancer (n = 28), benign ovarian tumors or cysts (n = 24), and from healthy women (n = 152). Infertility included those with a risk for ovarian cancer; endometriosis (n = 23), ovulatory dysfunction (n = 17), premature ovarian failure (POF; n = 25) and unexplained infertility (n = 44). Sera were assayed for mesothelin antibodies and for circulating mesothelin antigen by immunoassay and compared with assay control sera (n = 16) to determine a positive result. RESULTS Mesothelin antibodies were significantly more frequent in women with prematurely reduced ovarian function including ovulatory dysfunction (59%), ovarian failure (44%) and unexplained infertility (25%) compared with controls. In contrast, women with endometriosis, who also have a high risk for ovarian cancer, did not have mesothelin antibodies. Serum levels of mesothelin were rarely elevated in women with infertility but were high in most patients with ovarian cancer. CONCLUSIONS AND IMPACT We show for the first time that antibodies to mesothelin, a well-characterized ovarian cancer antigen, occur in some women with epidemiologic risk for ovarian cancer. The results suggest it may be possible to identify which women with infertility have ovarian cancer risk.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Judith L Luborsky
- Department of Pharmacology, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL 60612, USA.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
38
|
Wright JW, Pejovic T, Jurevic L, Bishop CV, Hobbs T, Stouffer RL. Ovarian surface epitheliectomy in the non-human primate: continued cyclic ovarian function and limited epithelial replacement. Hum Reprod 2011; 26:1422-30. [PMID: 21421661 DOI: 10.1093/humrep/der061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The fifth leading cause of cancer deaths among women is ovarian cancer (OC), which originates primarily in the ovarian surface epithelium (OSE) that surrounds the ovary. Permanent removal of the OSE could provide a novel strategy to substantially reduce OC risk, while retaining the benefits of ovarian function, including gameto- and steroidogenesis. It must be determined whether ovarian surface epitheliectomy (OSEx) carries deleterious side effects, including loss of menstrual cyclicity, infertility or scarring (e.g. adhesions), prior to any clinical application of this strategy. To achieve this, we selected the non-human primate, rhesus macaque, for long-term (12 month) studies on the effects of OSEx. METHODS Rhesus macaque females underwent OSEx by detergent treatment and were then monitored for menstrual cyclicity (menstruation, steroidogenesis and follicle development) and adverse side effects (tissue scarring or adhesions). Ovaries were collected at 6 or 12 months and examined for evidence of tissue damage, follicle rupture and regression of the corpus luteum. The ovarian surface was examined immunohistologically for signs of epithelial replacement, using markers for OSE and fimbrial epithelium (FE), a possible alternative source of pelvic tumors diagnosed as OC. RESULTS After OSEx, menstrual cycle length, estrogen and progesterone production, follicle rupture and luteal regression appeared normal. No evidence of adhesions was seen. At 6 and 12 months post-OSEx, the ovarian surface was sparsely populated by cells expressing OSE and FE markers. Proliferative activity in this population was notably low. CONCLUSIONS OSEx may provide a novel method to reduce the risk of OC, without sacrificing ovarian function, although the effects on fertility remain to be tested. The absence of epithelial replacement via enhanced proliferation suggests OSEx does not increase malignant potential. Complete and permanent OSEx may be feasible.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jay W Wright
- Division of Reproductive Sciences, Oregon National Primate Research Center, Beaverton, OR 97006, USA.
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
39
|
Vlahos NF, Economopoulos KP, Creatsas G. Fertility drugs and ovarian cancer risk: a critical review of the literature. Ann N Y Acad Sci 2010; 1205:214-9. [PMID: 20840275 DOI: 10.1111/j.1749-6632.2010.05668.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
There is evidence that medications used for ovarian stimulation and in vitro fertilization may be associated with ovarian cancer. In this review, we attempt to describe this relationship according to the most recent epidemiologic data and to present the possible mechanisms on the molecular level that could potentially explain this correlation. Currently there is no proven relationship between any type of ovarian cancer and drugs used for infertility treatment. Overall, infertile women have increased risk for ovarian malignancies. Nulligravidas that received treatment are at increased risk for ovarian malignancy as compared to women that conceived after treatment. More studies with the appropriate statistical power and follow-up time, as well as with better adjustment for confounding factors, which coexist in infertile patients, are required to evaluate accurately the long-term effects of these drugs and procedures.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nikos F Vlahos
- Second Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Aretaieio Hospital, University of Athens, School of Medicine, Athens, Greece.
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
40
|
Senescent fibroblasts promote neoplastic transformation of partially transformed ovarian epithelial cells in a three-dimensional model of early stage ovarian cancer. Neoplasia 2010; 12:317-25. [PMID: 20360942 DOI: 10.1593/neo.91948] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2009] [Revised: 01/26/2010] [Accepted: 01/27/2010] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Most epithelial ovarian cancers are diagnosed postmenopausally, although the well-established epidemiological risk factors (parity, oral contraceptive use) are premenopausal. We hypothesized that accumulation of senescent fibroblasts, together with concomitant loss of presenescent fibroblasts within the ovarian cortex, promotes initiation and early development of ovarian cancer from ovarian surface epithelial (OSE) cells. To test this, we established immortalized OSE (IOSE) cell lines that mimic early neoplastic transformation by overexpressing the CMYC oncogene (IOSE(CMYC)) and normal ovarian presenescent (PSN) and senescent (SEN) fibroblast cell lines. We then evaluated the ability of PSN and SEN fibroblasts to transform IOSE and IOSE(CMYC) after coculture. SEN fibroblasts significantly enhanced neoplastic development of IOSE(CMYC) cells; there was an up to 15-fold increase in migration of IOSE(CMYC) cells cocultured with SEN fibroblasts compared with PSN fibroblasts. Conditioned medium from SEN fibroblasts promoted anchorage-independent growth of IOSE(CMYC) cells. We studied fibroblast-epithelial cell interactions in heterotypic three-dimensional spheroid models. Dual immunohistochemical staining of spheroids for a proliferation marker (MIB-1) and cytokeratin-18 indicated that SEN fibroblasts induce approximately a five-fold increase in proliferation of IOSE(CMYC) cells relative to cocultures with PSN fibroblasts. SEN, but not PSN fibroblasts, also induced nuclear atypia in epithelial cells in three-dimensional spheroids. These data suggest for the first time that the accumulation of senescent, or loss of presenescent fibroblasts, can promote neoplastic development of partially transformed OSE cells in vitro and illustrates the power of using three-dimensional heterotypic modeling to gain better insights into the etiology underlying the development of epithelial ovarian cancer.
Collapse
|
41
|
Virant-Klun I, Skutella T. Stem cells in aged mammalian ovaries. Aging (Albany NY) 2010; 2:3-6. [PMID: 20228938 PMCID: PMC2837201 DOI: 10.18632/aging.100117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2010] [Accepted: 01/25/2010] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Irma Virant-Klun
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, University Medical Center Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia.
| | | |
Collapse
|