1
|
Ebrahimi P, Davoudi E, Sadeghian R, Zadeh AZ, Razmi E, Heidari R, Morowvat MH, Sadeghian I. In vivo and ex vivo gene therapy for neurodegenerative diseases: a promise for disease modification. NAUNYN-SCHMIEDEBERG'S ARCHIVES OF PHARMACOLOGY 2024; 397:7501-7530. [PMID: 38775852 DOI: 10.1007/s00210-024-03141-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2024] [Accepted: 05/01/2024] [Indexed: 10/04/2024]
Abstract
Neurodegenerative diseases (NDDs), including AD, PD, HD, and ALS, represent a growing public health concern linked to aging and lifestyle factors, characterized by progressive nervous system damage leading to motor and cognitive deficits. Current therapeutics offer only symptomatic management, highlighting the urgent need for disease-modifying treatments. Gene therapy has emerged as a promising approach, targeting the underlying pathology of diseases with diverse strategies including gene replacement, gene silencing, and gene editing. This innovative therapeutic approach involves introducing functional genetic material to combat disease mechanisms, potentially offering long-term efficacy and disease modification. With advancements in genomics, structural biology, and gene editing tools such as CRISPR/Cas9, gene therapy holds significant promise for addressing the root causes of NDDs. Significant progress in preclinical and clinical studies has demonstrated the potential of in vivo and ex vivo gene therapy to treat various NDDs, offering a versatile and precise approach in comparison to conventional treatments. The current review describes various gene therapy approaches employed in preclinical and clinical studies for the treatment of NDDs, including AD, PD, HD, and ALS, and addresses some of the key translational challenges in this therapeutic approach.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Pouya Ebrahimi
- Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Elham Davoudi
- Department of Biomedical and Nutritional Sciences, University of Massachusetts Lowell, Lowell, MA, USA
| | | | - Amin Zaki Zadeh
- Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Emran Razmi
- Arak University of Medical Sciences, Arak, Iran
| | - Reza Heidari
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Mohammad Hossein Morowvat
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran.
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, School of Pharmacy, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran.
| | - Issa Sadeghian
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Bhadane P, Roul K, Belemkar S, Kumar D. Immunotherapeutic approaches for Alzheimer's disease: Exploring active and passive vaccine progress. Brain Res 2024; 1840:149018. [PMID: 38782231 DOI: 10.1016/j.brainres.2024.149018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2024] [Revised: 05/07/2024] [Accepted: 05/17/2024] [Indexed: 05/25/2024]
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is the most common neurodegeneration having non-effective treatments. Vaccines or monoclonal antibodies are two typical immunotherapies for AD. Due to Aβ neurotoxicity, most of the treatments target its generation and deposition. However, therapies that specifically target tau protein are also being investigated. UB311 vaccine generates N-terminal anti-Aβ antibodies, that neutralize Aβ toxicity and promote plaque clearance. It is designed to elicit specific B-cell and wide T-cell responses. ACC001 or PF05236806 vaccine has the same Aβ fragment and QS21 as an adjuvant. CAD106 stimulates response against Aβ1-6. However, Nasopharyngitis and injection site erythema are its side effects. AN1792, the first-generation vaccine was formulated in proinflammatory QS21 adjuvant. However, T-cell epitopes are omitted from the developed epitope AD vaccine with Aβ1-42B-cell epitopes. The first-generation vaccine immune response was immensely successful in clearing Aβ, but it was also sufficient to provoke meningoencephalitis. Immunotherapies have been at the forefront of these initiatives in recent years. The review covers the recent updates on active and passive immunotherapy for AD.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Priyanshu Bhadane
- School of Pharmacy & Technology Management, SVKM's NMIMS University, Mukesh Patel Technology Park, Shirpur 425405, India
| | - Krishnashish Roul
- School of Pharmacy & Technology Management, SVKM's NMIMS University, Mukesh Patel Technology Park, Shirpur 425405, India
| | - Sateesh Belemkar
- Shobhaben Pratapbhai Patel School of Pharmacy & Technology Management, SVKM's NMIMS Deemed to be University, Vile Parle (W) Mumbai 400 056, India
| | - Devendra Kumar
- School of Pharmacy & Technology Management, SVKM's NMIMS University, Mukesh Patel Technology Park, Shirpur 425405, India.
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Tahir M, Kang MH, Park TJ, Ali J, Choe K, Park JS, Kim MO. Multifaceted neuroprotective approach of Trolox in Alzheimer's disease mouse model: targeting Aβ pathology, neuroinflammation, oxidative stress, and synaptic dysfunction. Front Cell Neurosci 2024; 18:1453038. [PMID: 39355174 PMCID: PMC11442280 DOI: 10.3389/fncel.2024.1453038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2024] [Accepted: 08/23/2024] [Indexed: 10/03/2024] Open
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a progressive neurodegenerative disorder pathologically characterized by the deposition of amyloid beta (Aβ) plaques and neurofibrillary tangles (NFTs) in the brain. The accumulation of these aggregated proteins causes memory and synaptic dysfunction, neuroinflammation, and oxidative stress. This research study is significant as it aims to assess the neuroprotective properties of vitamin E (VE) analog Trolox in an Aβ1 - 42-induced AD mouse model. Aβ1 - 42 5μL/5min/mouse was injected intracerebroventricularly (i.c.v.) into wild-type adult mice brain to induce AD-like neurotoxicity. For biochemical analysis, Western blotting and confocal microscopy were performed. Remarkably, intraperitoneal (i.p.) treatment of Trolox (30 mg/kg/mouse for 2 weeks) reduced the AD pathology by reducing the expression of Aβ, phosphorylated tau (p-tau), and β-site amyloid precursor protein cleaving enzyme1 (BACE1) in both cortex and hippocampus regions of mice brain. Furthermore, Trolox-treatment decreased neuroinflammation by inhibiting Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4), phosphorylated nuclear factor-κB (pNF-κB) and interleukin-1β (IL-1β), and other inflammatory biomarkers of glial cells [ionized calcium-binding adaptor molecule 1 (Iba1) and glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP)]. Moreover, Trolox reduced oxidative stress by enhancing the expression of nuclear factor erythroid-related factor 2 (NRF2) and heme oxygenase 1 (HO1). Similarly, Trolox-induced synaptic markers, including synaptosomal associated protein 23 (SNAP23), synaptophysin (SYN), and post-synaptic density protein 95 (PSD-95), and memory functions in AD mice. Our findings could provide a useful and novel strategy for investigating new medications to treat AD-associated neurodegenerative diseases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Tahir
- Division of Life Science and Applied Life Science (BK21 FOUR), College of Natural Sciences, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju-si, Republic of Korea
| | - Min Hwa Kang
- Division of Life Science and Applied Life Science (BK21 FOUR), College of Natural Sciences, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju-si, Republic of Korea
| | - Tae Ju Park
- Haemato-Oncology/Systems Medicine Group, Paul O'Gorman Leukaemia Research Centre, Institute of Cancer Sciences, MVLS, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom
| | - Jawad Ali
- Division of Life Science and Applied Life Science (BK21 FOUR), College of Natural Sciences, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju-si, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyonghwan Choe
- Division of Life Science and Applied Life Science (BK21 FOUR), College of Natural Sciences, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju-si, Republic of Korea
- Department of Psychiatry and Neuropsychology, School for Mental Health and Neuroscience (MHeNs), Maastricht University, Maastricht, Netherlands
| | - Jun Sung Park
- Division of Life Science and Applied Life Science (BK21 FOUR), College of Natural Sciences, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju-si, Republic of Korea
| | - Myeong Ok Kim
- Division of Life Science and Applied Life Science (BK21 FOUR), College of Natural Sciences, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju-si, Republic of Korea
- Alz-Dementia Korea Co., Jinju-si, Republic of Korea
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Sheikh AM, Tabassum S, Yano S, Abdullah FB, Wang R, Ikeue T, Nagai A. A Cationic Zn-Phthalocyanine Turns Alzheimer's Amyloid β Aggregates into Non-Toxic Oligomers and Inhibits Neurotoxicity in Culture. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:8931. [PMID: 39201616 PMCID: PMC11354870 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25168931] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2024] [Revised: 08/07/2024] [Accepted: 08/07/2024] [Indexed: 09/02/2024] Open
Abstract
Amyloid β peptide (Aβ) aggregation and deposition are considered the main causes of Alzheimer's disease. In a previous study, we demonstrated that anionic Zn-phthalocyanine (ZnPc) can interact with the Aβ peptide and inhibit the fibril-formation process. However, due to the inability of anionic ZnPc to cross the intact blood-brain barrier, we decided to explore the interaction of cationic methylated Zn-phthalocyanine (cZnPc) with the peptide. Using a ThT fluorescence assay, we observed that cZnPc dose-dependently and time-dependently inhibited Aβ1-42 fibril levels under in vitro fibril-formation conditions. Electron microscopy revealed that it caused Aβ1-42 peptides to form small aggregates. Western blotting and dot immunoblot oligomer experiments demonstrated that cZnPc increased rather than decreased the levels of oligomers from the very early stages of incubation. A binding assay confirmed that cZnPc could bind with the peptide. Docking simulations indicated that the oligomer species of Aβ1-42 had a higher ability to interact with cZnPc. ANS fluorescence assay results indicated that cZnPc did not affect the hydrophobicity of the peptide. However, cZnPc significantly increased intrinsic tyrosine fluorescence of the peptide after 8 h of incubation in fibril-formation conditions. Importantly, cell culture experiments demonstrated that cZnPc did not exhibit any toxicity up to a concentration of 10 µM. Instead, it protected a neuronal cell line from Aβ1-42-induced toxicity. Thus, our results suggest that cZnPc can affect the aggregation process of Aβ1-42, rendering it non-toxic, which could be crucial for the therapy of Alzheimer's disease.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Abdullah Md. Sheikh
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Shimane University Faculty of Medicine, 89-1 Enya Cho, Izumo 693-8501, Japan; (S.T.); (S.Y.); (A.N.)
| | - Shatera Tabassum
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Shimane University Faculty of Medicine, 89-1 Enya Cho, Izumo 693-8501, Japan; (S.T.); (S.Y.); (A.N.)
| | - Shozo Yano
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Shimane University Faculty of Medicine, 89-1 Enya Cho, Izumo 693-8501, Japan; (S.T.); (S.Y.); (A.N.)
| | - Fatema Binte Abdullah
- Department of Neurology, Shimane University Faculty of Medicine, 89-1 Enya Cho, Izumo 693-8501, Japan; (F.B.A.); (R.W.)
| | - Ruochen Wang
- Department of Neurology, Shimane University Faculty of Medicine, 89-1 Enya Cho, Izumo 693-8501, Japan; (F.B.A.); (R.W.)
| | - Takahisa Ikeue
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science and Engineering, Shimane University, 1060 Nishikawatsu, Matsue 690-8504, Japan;
| | - Atsushi Nagai
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Shimane University Faculty of Medicine, 89-1 Enya Cho, Izumo 693-8501, Japan; (S.T.); (S.Y.); (A.N.)
- Department of Neurology, Shimane University Faculty of Medicine, 89-1 Enya Cho, Izumo 693-8501, Japan; (F.B.A.); (R.W.)
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Pu Y, Yang J, Pan Q, Li C, Wang L, Xie X, Chen X, Xiao F, Chen G. MGST3 regulates BACE1 protein translation and amyloidogenesis by controlling the RGS4-mediated AKT signaling pathway. J Biol Chem 2024; 300:107530. [PMID: 38971310 PMCID: PMC11332907 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbc.2024.107530] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2024] [Revised: 06/03/2024] [Accepted: 06/16/2024] [Indexed: 07/08/2024] Open
Abstract
Microsomal glutathione transferase 3 (MGST3) regulates eicosanoid and glutathione metabolism. These processes are associated with oxidative stress and apoptosis, suggesting that MGST3 might play a role in the pathophysiology of Alzheimer's disease. Here, we report that knockdown (KD) of MGST3 in cell lines reduced the protein level of beta-site amyloid precursor protein cleaving enzyme 1 (BACE1) and the resulting amyloidogenesis. Interestingly, MGST3 KD did not alter intracellular reactive oxygen species level but selectively reduced the expression of apoptosis indicators which could be associated with the receptor of cysteinyl leukotrienes, the downstream metabolites of MGST3 in arachidonic acid pathway. We then showed that the effect of MGST3 on BACE1 was independent of cysteinyl leukotrienes but involved a translational mechanism. Further RNA-seq analysis identified that regulator of G-protein signaling 4 (RGS4) was a target gene of MGST3. Silencing of RGS4 inhibited BACE1 translation and prevented MGST3 KD-mediated reduction of BACE1. The potential mechanism was related to AKT activity, as the protein level of phosphorylated AKT was significantly reduced by silencing of MGST3 and RGS4, and the AKT inhibitor abolished the effect of MGST3/RGS4 on phosphorylated AKT and BACE1. Together, MGST3 regulated amyloidogenesis by controlling BACE1 protein expression, which was mediated by RGS4 and downstream AKT signaling pathway.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yalan Pu
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Neurology, Chongqing, China; Department of Neurology, Langzhong People's Hospital, Nanchong, Sichuan, China
| | - Jie Yang
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Neurology, Chongqing, China; Affiliated Sichuan Provincial Rehabilitation Hospital of Chengdu University of TCM, Sichuan, China
| | - Qiuling Pan
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Neurology, Chongqing, China
| | - Chenlu Li
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Neurology, Chongqing, China
| | - Lu Wang
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Neurology, Chongqing, China
| | - Xiaoyong Xie
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Neurology, Chongqing, China
| | - Xue Chen
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Neurology, Chongqing, China
| | - Fei Xiao
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Neurology, Chongqing, China.
| | - Guojun Chen
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Neurology, Chongqing, China.
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Choe K, Park JS, Park HY, Tahir M, Park TJ, Kim MO. Lupeol protect against LPS-induced neuroinflammation and amyloid beta in adult mouse hippocampus. Front Nutr 2024; 11:1414696. [PMID: 39050141 PMCID: PMC11266137 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2024.1414696] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2024] [Accepted: 07/01/2024] [Indexed: 07/27/2024] Open
Abstract
Neuroinflammation includes the activation of immune glial cells in the central nervous system, release pro-inflammatory cytokines, which disrupt normal neural function and contribute to various neurological disorders, including Alzheimer's disease (AD), Parkinson's disease, multiple sclerosis, and stroke. AD is characterized by various factors including amyloidogenesis, synaptic dysfunction, memory impairment and neuroinflammation. Lipopolysaccharide (LPS) constitutes a vital element of membrane of the gram-negative bacterial cell, triggering vigorous neuroinflammation and facilitating neurodegeneration. Lupeol, a naturally occurring pentacyclic triterpene, has demonstrated several pharmacological properties, notably its anti-inflammatory activity. In this study, we evaluated the anti-inflammatory and anti-Alzheimer activity of lupeol in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-injected mice model. LPS (250ug/kg) was administered intraperitoneally to C57BL/6 N male mice for 1 week to induce neuroinflammation and cognitive impairment. For biochemical analysis, acetylcholinesterase (AChE) assay, western blotting and confocal microscopy were performed. AChE, western blot and immunofluorescence results showed that lupeol treatment (50 mg/kg) along with LPS administration significantly inhibited the LPS-induced activation of neuroinflammatory mediators and cytokines like nuclear factor (NF-κB), tumor necrosis factor (TNF-α), cyclooxygenase (COX-2) and interleukin (IL-1β). Furthermore, we found that LPS-induced systemic inflammation lead to Alzheimer's symptoms as LPS treatment enhances level of amyloid beta (Aβ), amyloid precursor protein (APP), Beta-site APP cleaving enzyme (BACE-1) and hyperphosphorylated Tau (p-Tau). Lupeol treatment reversed the LPS-induced elevated level of Aβ, APP, BACE-1 and p-Tau in the hippocampus, showing anti-Alzheimer's properties. It is also determined that lupeol prevented LPS-induced synaptic dysfunction via enhanced expression of pre-and post-synaptic markers like SNAP-23, synaptophysin and PSD-95. Overall, our study shows that lupeol prevents memory impairment and synaptic dysfunction via inhibition of neuroinflammatory processes. Hence, we suggest that lupeol might be a useful therapeutic agent in prevention of neuroinflammation-induced neurological disorders like AD.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kyonghwan Choe
- Division of Life Science and Applied Life Science (BK21 FOUR), College of Natural Sciences, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju-si, Republic of Korea
- Department of Psychiatry and Neuropsychology, School for Mental Health and Neuroscience (MHeNs), Maastricht University, Maastricht, Netherlands
| | - Jun Sung Park
- Division of Life Science and Applied Life Science (BK21 FOUR), College of Natural Sciences, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju-si, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyun Young Park
- Department of Psychiatry and Neuropsychology, School for Mental Health and Neuroscience (MHeNs), Maastricht University, Maastricht, Netherlands
- Department of Pediatrics, Maastricht University Medical Center (MUMC+), Maastricht, Netherlands
| | - Muhammad Tahir
- Division of Life Science and Applied Life Science (BK21 FOUR), College of Natural Sciences, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju-si, Republic of Korea
| | - Tae Ju Park
- Haemato-Oncology/Systems Medicine Group, Paul O’Gorman Leukaemia Research Centre, Institute of Cancer Sciences, College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences (MVLS), University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom
| | - Myeong Ok Kim
- Division of Life Science and Applied Life Science (BK21 FOUR), College of Natural Sciences, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju-si, Republic of Korea
- Alz-Dementia Korea Co., Jinju, Republic of Korea
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Han X, Guo K. Pharmacophore-based virtual screening of commercial databases against β-secretase 1 for drug development against Alzheimer's disease. Front Chem 2024; 12:1412349. [PMID: 39045333 PMCID: PMC11263123 DOI: 10.3389/fchem.2024.1412349] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2024] [Accepted: 06/11/2024] [Indexed: 07/25/2024] Open
Abstract
β-secretase 1, one of the most important proteins, is an aspartate protease. This membrane-associated protein is used for treating Alzheimer's disease (AD). Several inhibitors have been pursued against β-secretase 1, but they still have not resulted effectively. Virtual screening based on pharmacophores has been shown to be useful for lead optimization and hit identification in the preliminary phase of developing a new drug. Here, we screen the commercially available databases to find the hits against β-secretase 1 for drug discovery against AD. Virtual screening for 200,000 compounds was done using the database from the Vitas-M Laboratory. The phase screen score was utilized to assess the screened hits. Molecular docking was performed on compounds with phase scores >1.9. According to the study, the 66H ligand of the crystal structure has the maximum performance against β-secretase 1. The redocking of the co-crystal ligand showed that the docked ligand was seamlessly united with the crystal structure. The reference complex had three hydrogen bonds with Asp93, Asp289, and Gly291; one van der Waals interaction with Gly74; and three hydrophobic interactions. After equilibration, the RMSD of the reference compound sustained a value of ∼1.5 Å until 30 ns and then boosted to 2.5 Å. On comparison, the RMSD of the S1 complex steadily increased to ∼2.5 Å at 15 ns, displayed slight aberrations at approximately ∼2.5-3 Å until 80 ns, and then achieved steadiness toward the end of the simulation. The arrangements of proteins stayed condensed during the mockup when bonded to these complexes as stable Rg values showed. Furthermore, the MM/GBSA technique was employed to analyze both compounds' total binding free energies (ΔGtotal). Our research study provides a new understanding of using 66H as anti-β-secretase 1 for drug development against AD.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xu Han
- The First Clinical Medical College of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Kaibo Guo
- Department of Oncology, Affiliated Hangzhou First People’s Hospital, School of Medicine, Westlake University, Hangzhou, China
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Xiang Y, Naik S, Zhao L, Shi J, Ke H. Emerging phosphodiesterase inhibitors for treatment of neurodegenerative diseases. Med Res Rev 2024; 44:1404-1445. [PMID: 38279990 DOI: 10.1002/med.22017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2023] [Revised: 12/13/2023] [Accepted: 01/09/2024] [Indexed: 01/29/2024]
Abstract
Neurodegenerative diseases (NDs) cause progressive loss of neuron structure and ultimately lead to neuronal cell death. Since the available drugs show only limited symptomatic relief, NDs are currently considered as incurable. This review will illustrate the principal roles of the signaling systems of cyclic adenosine and guanosine 3',5'-monophosphates (cAMP and cGMP) in the neuronal functions, and summarize expression/activity changes of the associated enzymes in the ND patients, including cyclases, protein kinases, and phosphodiesterases (PDEs). As the sole enzymes hydrolyzing cAMP and cGMP, PDEs are logical targets for modification of neurodegeneration. We will focus on PDE inhibitors and their potentials as disease-modifying therapeutics for the treatment of Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, and Huntington's disease. For the overlapped but distinct contributions of cAMP and cGMP to NDs, we hypothesize that dual PDE inhibitors, which simultaneously regulate both cAMP and cGMP signaling pathways, may have complementary and synergistic effects on modifying neurodegeneration and thus represent a new direction on the discovery of ND drugs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yu Xiang
- Department of Pharmacy, Personalized Drug Therapy Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Academy of Medical Sciences & Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
| | - Swapna Naik
- Department of Pharmacology, Yale Cancer Biology Institute, Yale University, West Haven, Connecticut, USA
| | - Liyun Zhao
- Department of Pharmacy, Personalized Drug Therapy Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Academy of Medical Sciences & Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
| | - Jianyou Shi
- Department of Pharmacy, Personalized Drug Therapy Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Academy of Medical Sciences & Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
| | - Hengming Ke
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, The University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Li WB, Xu LL, Wang SL, Wang YY, Pan YC, Shi LQ, Guo DS. Co-Assembled Nanoparticles toward Multi-Target Combinational Therapy of Alzheimer's Disease by Making Full Use of Molecular Recognition and Self-Assembly. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2024; 36:e2401918. [PMID: 38662940 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202401918] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2024] [Revised: 04/10/2024] [Indexed: 05/07/2024]
Abstract
The complex pathologies in Alzheimer's disease (AD) severely limit the effectiveness of single-target pharmic interventions, thus necessitating multi-pronged therapeutic strategies. While flexibility is essentially demanded in constructing such multi-target systems, for achieving optimal synergies and also accommodating the inherent heterogeneity within AD. Utilizing the dynamic reversibility of supramolecular strategy for conferring sufficient tunability in component substitution and proportion adjustment, amphiphilic calixarenes are poised to be a privileged molecular tool for facilely achieving function integration. Herein, taking β-amyloid (Aβ) fibrillation and oxidative stress as model combination pattern, a supramolecular multifunctional integration is proposed by co-assembling guanidinium-modified calixarene with ascorbyl palmitate and loading dipotassium phytate within calixarene cavity. Serial pivotal events can be simultaneously addressed by this versatile system, including 1) inhibition of Aβ production and aggregation, 2) disintegration of Aβ fibrils, 3) acceleration of Aβ metabolic clearance, and 4) regulation of oxidative stress, which is verified to significantly ameliorate the cognitive impairment of 5×FAD mice, with reduced Aβ plaque content, neuroinflammation, and neuronal apoptosis. Confronted with the extremely intricate clinical realities of AD, the strategy presented here exhibits ample adaptability for necessary alterations on combinations, thereby may immensely expedite the advancement of AD combinational therapy through providing an exceptionally convenient platform.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wen-Bo Li
- College of Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Functional Polymer Materials (Ministry of Education), Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, China
- State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, Frontiers Science Center for New Organic Matter, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering (Tianjin), Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, China
| | - Lin-Lin Xu
- College of Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Functional Polymer Materials (Ministry of Education), Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, China
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, China
| | - Si-Lei Wang
- College of Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Functional Polymer Materials (Ministry of Education), Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, China
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, China
| | - Ying-Yue Wang
- College of Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Functional Polymer Materials (Ministry of Education), Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, China
- State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, Frontiers Science Center for New Organic Matter, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering (Tianjin), Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, China
| | - Yu-Chen Pan
- College of Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Functional Polymer Materials (Ministry of Education), Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, China
- State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, Frontiers Science Center for New Organic Matter, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering (Tianjin), Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, China
| | - Lin-Qi Shi
- College of Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Functional Polymer Materials (Ministry of Education), Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, China
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, China
- Haihe Laboratory of Sustainable Chemical Transformations, Tianjin, 300090, China
| | - Dong-Sheng Guo
- College of Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Functional Polymer Materials (Ministry of Education), Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, China
- State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, Frontiers Science Center for New Organic Matter, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering (Tianjin), Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, China
- Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Novel Functional Materials Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Environmental Sciences, Kashi University, Kashi, 844000, China
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Stockinger F, Poc P, Möhwald A, Karch S, Häfner S, Alzheimer C, Sandoz G, Huth T, Broichhagen J. Multicolor, Cell-Impermeable, and High Affinity BACE1 Inhibitor Probes Enable Superior Endogenous Staining and Imaging of Single Molecules. J Med Chem 2024; 67:10152-10167. [PMID: 38842406 PMCID: PMC11215771 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.4c00339] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2024] [Revised: 05/10/2024] [Accepted: 05/28/2024] [Indexed: 06/07/2024]
Abstract
The prevailing but not undisputed amyloid cascade hypothesis places the β-site of APP cleaving enzyme 1 (BACE1) center stage in Alzheimer's Disease pathogenesis. Here, we investigated functional properties of BACE1 with novel tag- and antibody-free labeling tools, which are conjugates of the BACE1-inhibitor IV (also referred to as C3) linked to different impermeable Alexa Fluor dyes. We show that these fluorescent small molecules bind specifically to BACE1, with a 1:1 labeling stoichiometry at their orthosteric site. This is a crucial property especially for single-molecule and super-resolution microscopy approaches, allowing characterization of the dyes' labeling capabilities in overexpressing cell systems and in native neuronal tissue. With multiple colors at hand, we evaluated BACE1-multimerization by Förster resonance energy transfer (FRET) acceptor-photobleaching and single-particle imaging of native BACE1. In summary, our novel fluorescent inhibitors, termed Alexa-C3, offer unprecedented insights into protein-protein interactions and diffusion behavior of BACE1 down to the single molecule level.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Florian Stockinger
- Institut
für Physiologie und Pathophysiologie, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen 91054, Germany
| | - Pascal Poc
- Department
of Chemical Biology, Max Planck Institute
for Medical Research, Heidelberg 69120, Germany
- Leibniz-Forschungsinstitut
für Molekulare Pharmakologie, Berlin 13125, Germany
| | - Alexander Möhwald
- Institut
für Physiologie und Pathophysiologie, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen 91054, Germany
| | - Sandra Karch
- Institut
für Physiologie und Pathophysiologie, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen 91054, Germany
| | - Stephanie Häfner
- Université
Côte d’Azur, CNRS, INSERM,
iBV, Nice 06108, Cedex 2, France
- Laboratories
of Excellence, Ion Channel Science and Therapeutics, Nice 06108, Cedex 2, France
| | - Christian Alzheimer
- Institut
für Physiologie und Pathophysiologie, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen 91054, Germany
| | - Guillaume Sandoz
- Université
Côte d’Azur, CNRS, INSERM,
iBV, Nice 06108, Cedex 2, France
- Laboratories
of Excellence, Ion Channel Science and Therapeutics, Nice 06108, Cedex 2, France
| | - Tobias Huth
- Institut
für Physiologie und Pathophysiologie, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen 91054, Germany
| | - Johannes Broichhagen
- Department
of Chemical Biology, Max Planck Institute
for Medical Research, Heidelberg 69120, Germany
- Leibniz-Forschungsinstitut
für Molekulare Pharmakologie, Berlin 13125, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Yang Y, Qiu L. Research Progress on the Pathogenesis, Diagnosis, and Drug Therapy of Alzheimer's Disease. Brain Sci 2024; 14:590. [PMID: 38928590 PMCID: PMC11201671 DOI: 10.3390/brainsci14060590] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2024] [Revised: 06/03/2024] [Accepted: 06/06/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024] Open
Abstract
As the population ages worldwide, Alzheimer's disease (AD), the most prevalent kind of neurodegenerative disorder among older people, has become a significant factor affecting quality of life, public health, and economies. However, the exact pathogenesis of Alzheimer's remains elusive, and existing highly recognized pathogenesis includes the amyloid cascade hypothesis, Tau neurofibrillary tangles hypothesis, and neuroinflammation hypothesis. The major diagnoses of Alzheimer's disease include neuroimaging positron emission computed tomography, magnetic resonance imaging, and cerebrospinal fluid molecular diagnosis. The therapy of Alzheimer's disease primarily relies on drugs, and the approved drugs on the market include acetylcholinesterase drugs, glutamate receptor antagonists, and amyloid-β monoclonal antibodies. Still, the existing drugs can only alleviate the symptoms of the disease and cannot completely reverse it. This review aims to summarize existing research results on Alzheimer's disease pathogenesis, diagnosis, and drug therapy, with the objective of facilitating future research in this area.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yixuan Yang
- College of Chemistry and Biological Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, China;
| | - Lina Qiu
- College of Chemistry and Biological Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, China;
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Science and Application of Functional Molecular and Crystalline Materials, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, China
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
He C, Jiang J, Liu J, Zhou L, Ge Y, Yang Z. Pseudostellaria heterophylla polysaccharide mitigates Alzheimer's-like pathology via regulating the microbiota-gut-brain axis in 5 × FAD mice. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 270:132372. [PMID: 38750854 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.132372] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2024] [Revised: 05/09/2024] [Accepted: 05/12/2024] [Indexed: 05/26/2024]
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a progressive neurodegenerative disorder characterised by neuroinflammation, for which gut dysbiosis may be implicated. Our previous study showed that treatment with Pseudostellaria heterophylla aqueous extract and one of its cyclopeptides, heterophyllin B, attenuate memory deficits via immunomodulation and neurite regeneration. However, whether Pseudostellaria heterophylla polysaccharide (PH-PS) exerts neuroprotective effects against AD and its underlying mechanisms remain unclear. The infrared spectrum, molecular weight, and carbohydrate composition of the PH-PS were determined. The results showed that PH-PS (Mw 8.771 kDa) was composed of glucose (57.78 %), galactose (41.52 %), and arabinose (0.70 %). PH-PS treatment ameliorated learning and spatial memory deficits, reduced amyloid β build-up, and suppressed reactive glia and astrocytes in 5 × FAD mice. 16S rRNA sequencing further showed that PH-PS remodelled the intestinal flora composition by promoting probiotic microbiota, such as Lactobacillus, Muribaculum, Monoglobus, and [Eubacterium]_siraeum_group, and suppressing inflammation-related UCG-009 and Blautia. Additionally, PH-PS restored intestinal barrier function; ameliorated peripheral inflammation by reducing the secretion of inflammatory cytokines, thereby converting M1 microglia and A1 astrocyte toward beneficial M2 and A2 phenotypes; and contributed to Aβ plaques clearance by upregulation of insulin degradation enzyme and neprilysin. Collectively, our findings demonstrate that PH-PS may prevent the progression of AD via modulation of the gut microbiota and regulation of glial polarisation, which could provide evidence to design a potential diet therapy for preventing or curing AD.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chuantong He
- College of Food Science and Technology, Guangdong Ocean University, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Aquatic Product Processing and Safety, Guangdong Province Engineering Laboratory for Marine Biological Products, Zhanjiang Municipal Key laboratory of Marine Drugs and Nutrition for Brain Health, Zhanjiang 524088, China
| | - Jiahui Jiang
- College of Food Science and Technology, Guangdong Ocean University, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Aquatic Product Processing and Safety, Guangdong Province Engineering Laboratory for Marine Biological Products, Zhanjiang Municipal Key laboratory of Marine Drugs and Nutrition for Brain Health, Zhanjiang 524088, China
| | - Junxin Liu
- College of Food Science and Technology, Guangdong Ocean University, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Aquatic Product Processing and Safety, Guangdong Province Engineering Laboratory for Marine Biological Products, Zhanjiang Municipal Key laboratory of Marine Drugs and Nutrition for Brain Health, Zhanjiang 524088, China
| | - Longjian Zhou
- College of Food Science and Technology, Guangdong Ocean University, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Aquatic Product Processing and Safety, Guangdong Province Engineering Laboratory for Marine Biological Products, Zhanjiang Municipal Key laboratory of Marine Drugs and Nutrition for Brain Health, Zhanjiang 524088, China
| | - Yuewei Ge
- Key Laboratory of Digital Quality Evaluation of Chinese Materia Medica of State Administration of TCM, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Zhiyou Yang
- College of Food Science and Technology, Guangdong Ocean University, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Aquatic Product Processing and Safety, Guangdong Province Engineering Laboratory for Marine Biological Products, Zhanjiang Municipal Key laboratory of Marine Drugs and Nutrition for Brain Health, Zhanjiang 524088, China.
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Tan S, Wu L, Liu J, Wu Z, Cheng Q, Qu Q, Zhu L, Yan Y, Wu H, Ling TJ, Liu RT, Yang S. Quercetin-3-O-glc-1-3-rham-1-6-glucoside decreases Aβ production, inhibits Aβ aggregation and neurotoxicity, and prohibits the production of inflammatory cytokines. Eur J Pharmacol 2024; 970:176491. [PMID: 38503399 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2024.176491] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2023] [Revised: 01/24/2024] [Accepted: 03/11/2024] [Indexed: 03/21/2024]
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a progressive neurodegenerative disease with the hallmark of aggregation of beta-amyloid (Aβ) into extracellular fibrillar deposition. Accumulating evidence suggests that soluble toxic Aβ oligomers exert diverse roles in neuronal cell death, oxidative stress, neuroinflammation, and the eventual pathogenesis of AD. Aβ is derived from the sequential cleavage of amyloid-β precursor protein (APP) by β-secretase (BACE1) and γ-secretase. The current effect of single targeting is not ideal for the treatment of AD. Therefore, developing multipotent agents with multiple properties, including anti-Aβ generation and anti-Aβ aggregation, is attracting more attention for AD treatment. Previous studies indicated that Quercetin was able to attenuate the effects of several pathogenetic factors in AD. Here, we showed that naturally synthesized Quercetin-3-O-glc-1-3-rham-1-6-glucoside (YCC31) could inhibit Aβ production by reducing β-secretase activity. Further investigations indicated that YCC31 could suppress toxic Aβ oligomer formation by directly binding to Aβ. Moreover, YCC31 could attenuate Aβ-mediated neuronal death, ROS and NO production, and pro-inflammatory cytokines release. Taken together, YCC31 targeting multiple pathogenetic factors deserves further investigation for drug development of AD.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shuo Tan
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, School of Life Sciences, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230032, China
| | - Linmei Wu
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, School of Life Sciences, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230032, China
| | - Jiayi Liu
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, School of Life Sciences, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230032, China
| | - Zhaoyuan Wu
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, School of Life Sciences, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230032, China
| | - Qiang Cheng
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, School of Life Sciences, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230032, China
| | - Qiuhao Qu
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, School of Life Sciences, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230032, China
| | - Lianghao Zhu
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, School of Life Sciences, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230032, China
| | - Yizhu Yan
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, School of Life Sciences, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230032, China
| | - Hao Wu
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, School of Life Sciences, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230032, China
| | - Tie-Jun Ling
- State Key Laboratory of Tea Plant Biology and Utilization, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, 230036, China
| | - Rui-Tian Liu
- National Key Laboratory of Biochemical Engineering, Institute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China.
| | - Shigao Yang
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, School of Life Sciences, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230032, China.
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Rahimi A, Sameei P, Mousavi S, Ghaderi K, Hassani A, Hassani S, Alipour S. Application of CRISPR/Cas9 System in the Treatment of Alzheimer's Disease and Neurodegenerative Diseases. Mol Neurobiol 2024:10.1007/s12035-024-04143-2. [PMID: 38639864 DOI: 10.1007/s12035-024-04143-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2023] [Accepted: 03/21/2024] [Indexed: 04/20/2024]
Abstract
Alzheimer's, Parkinson's, and Huntington's are some of the most common neurological disorders, which affect millions of people worldwide. Although there have been many treatments for these diseases, there are still no effective treatments to treat or completely stop these disorders. Perhaps the lack of proper treatment for these diseases can be related to various reasons, but the poor results related to recent clinical research also prompted doctors to look for new treatment approaches. In this regard, various researchers from all over the world have provided many new treatments, one of which is CRISPR/Cas9. Today, the CRISPR/Cas9 system is mostly used for genetic modifications in various species. In addition, by using the abilities available in the CRISPR/Cas9 system, researchers can either remove or modify DNA sequences, which in this way can establish a suitable and useful treatment method for the treatment of genetic diseases that have undergone mutations. We conducted a non-systematic review of articles and study results from various databases, including PubMed, Medline, Web of Science, and Scopus, in recent years. and have investigated new treatment methods in neurodegenerative diseases with a focus on Alzheimer's disease. Then, in the following sections, the treatment methods were classified into three groups: anti-tau, anti-amyloid, and anti-APOE regimens. Finally, we discussed various applications of the CRISPR/Cas-9 system in Alzheimer's disease. Today, using CRISPR/Cas-9 technology, scientists create Alzheimer's disease models that have a more realistic phenotype and reveal the processes of pathogenesis; following the screening of defective genes, they establish treatments for this disease.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Araz Rahimi
- Student Research Committee, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, Iran
| | - Parsa Sameei
- Student Research Committee, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, Iran
| | - Sana Mousavi
- Student Research Committee, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, Iran
| | - Kimia Ghaderi
- Student Research Committee, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, Iran
| | - Amin Hassani
- Student Research Committee, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, Iran
| | - Sepideh Hassani
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Urmia University Medical Sciences (UMSU), Urmia, Iran.
- Student Research Committee, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, Iran.
| | - Shahriar Alipour
- Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Cellular and Molecular Medicine Institute, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, Iran.
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Urmia University Medical Sciences (UMSU), Urmia, Iran.
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry and Applied Cell Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, Iran.
- Student Research Committee, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, Iran.
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
何 丽, 张 春, 王 静. [Expression relationship and significance of NEAT1 and miR-27a-3p in serum and cerebrospinal fluid of patients with Alzheimer disease]. BEIJING DA XUE XUE BAO. YI XUE BAN = JOURNAL OF PEKING UNIVERSITY. HEALTH SCIENCES 2024; 56:207-212. [PMID: 38595235 PMCID: PMC11004957] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2023] [Indexed: 04/11/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To explore the expression relationship and significance of long chain non-coding RNA nuclear-enriched abundant transcript 1 (LncRNA NEAT1) and miR-27a-3p in serum and cerebrospinal fluid of patients with Alzheimer disease (AD). METHODS Sixty-six AD patients received by the department of neurology of our hospital from October 2019 to September 2021 were gathered, according to the clinical dementia rating scale score, they were grouped into mild group (≤1 point, n=41) and moderate-to-severe group (>1 point, n=25). Another 66 cases of serum and cerebrospinal fluid samples from outpatient physical examination personnel were regarded as the control group. The general information on all subjects was recorded and cognition was assessed; real-time quantitative PCR was performed to measure the expression levels of miR-27a-3p and NEAT1 in serum and cerebrospinal fluid; enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay was performed to measure the protein levels of β-amyloid precursor protein cleaving enzyme 1 (BACE1), β-amyloid (Aβ) 40 and Aβ42 in cerebrospinal fluid; Spearman' s method was performed to analyze the correlation of serum miR-27a-3p and NEAT1 levels with mini-mental state examination (MMSE) and montreal cognitive assessment (MoCA) scores; Pearson method was performed to analyze the correlation between serum miR-27a-3p and NEAT1 levels and Aβ deposition standard uptake value ratio (SUVR) and cerebrospinal fluid miR-27a-3p, NEAT1, BACE1, Aβ42 and Aβ40 levels. RESULTS The MMSE score [21 (17, 25), 9(7, 11) vs. 27 (21, 34)], MoCA score [17 (12, 21), 10 (7, 13) vs. 27 (21, 31)], serum miR-27a-3p level (0.55±0.13, 0.46±0.06 vs. 0.97±0.22), cerebrospinal fluid miR-27a-3p (0.48±0.10, 0.35±0.10 vs. 1.03±0.31), Aβ42 levels [(303.55±36.77) ng/L, (231.45±34.14) ng/L vs. (499.99±53.63) ng/L] and Aβ42/Aβ40 ratio (0.030±0.008, 0.022±0.007 vs. 0.048±0.010) of AD patients in mild group and moderate-to-severe group were all lower than those in the control group, and the moderate-to-severe group were lower than the mild group (all P < 0.05); the serum NEAT1 level (2.31±0.64, 3.13±0.76 vs. 1.05±0.20), SUVR (1.50±0.29, 1.76±0.52 vs. 0.74±0.15), and cerebrospinal fluid NEAT1 (3.51±1.24, 4.30±1.65 vs. 1.01±0.23) and BACE1 levels [(55.78±5.98) μg/L, (72.32±16.08) μg/L vs. (21.39±3.73) μg/L] were higher than those in the control group, and the moderate-to-severe group were higher than the mild group (all P < 0.05). Serum NEAT1 level in AD patients was positively correlated with SUVR, cerebrospinal fluid NEAT1 and BACE1 (r=0.350, 0.606, 0.341, P < 0.05), and negatively correlated with MMSE score and MoCA score (r=-0.473, -0.482, all P < 0.05); serum miR-27a-3p level was positively correlated with cerebrospinal fluid miR-27a-3p level, MMSE score and MoCA score (r=0.695, 0.424, 0.412, all P < 0.05), and negatively correlated with SUVR and cerebrospinal fluid BACE1 level (r=-0.521, -0.447, all P < 0.05). CONCLUSION The expression trends of NEAT1 and miR-27a-3p in the serum and cerebrospinal fluid of AD patients are consistent, the level of NEAT1 is increased, and the level of miR-27a-3p is decreased. The levels of the two are negatively correlated, which is related to the degree of Aβ deposition in the brain of AD patients and is involved in the progression of AD.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- 丽杰 何
- 天津市第五中心医院检验科,天津 300450Department of Laboratory, Tianjin Fifth Central Hospital, Tianjin 300450, China
| | - 春艳 张
- 天津市第五中心医院天津市早产儿器官发育表观遗传重点实验室,天津 300450Tianjin Key Laboratory of Organ Development Epigenetics of Premature Infants, Tianjin Fifth Central Hospital, Tianjin 300450, China
| | - 静 王
- 天津市第五中心医院检验科,天津 300450Department of Laboratory, Tianjin Fifth Central Hospital, Tianjin 300450, China
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Qiu Y, Cheng F. Artificial intelligence for drug discovery and development in Alzheimer's disease. Curr Opin Struct Biol 2024; 85:102776. [PMID: 38335558 DOI: 10.1016/j.sbi.2024.102776] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2023] [Revised: 12/29/2023] [Accepted: 01/15/2024] [Indexed: 02/12/2024]
Abstract
The complex molecular mechanism and pathophysiology of Alzheimer's disease (AD) limits the development of effective therapeutics or prevention strategies. Artificial Intelligence (AI)-guided drug discovery combined with genetics/multi-omics (genomics, epigenomics, transcriptomics, proteomics, and metabolomics) analysis contributes to the understanding of the pathophysiology and precision medicine of the disease, including AD and AD-related dementia. In this review, we summarize the AI-driven methodologies for AD-agnostic drug discovery and development, including de novo drug design, virtual screening, and prediction of drug-target interactions, all of which have shown potentials. In particular, AI-based drug repurposing emerges as a compelling strategy to identify new indications for existing drugs for AD. We provide several emerging AD targets from human genetics and multi-omics findings and highlight recent AI-based technologies and their applications in drug discovery using AD as a prototypical example. In closing, we discuss future challenges and directions in AI-based drug discovery for AD and other neurodegenerative diseases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yunguang Qiu
- Genomic Medicine Institute, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH 44195, USA. https://twitter.com/YunguangQiu
| | - Feixiong Cheng
- Genomic Medicine Institute, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH 44195, USA; Department of Molecular Medicine, Cleveland Clinic Lerner College of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH 44195, USA; Cleveland Clinic Genome Center, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH 44195, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Zhang Y, Xie X, Chen B, Pan L, Li J, Wang W, Wang J, Tang R, Huang Q, Chen X, Ren R, Zhang Z, Fu W, Wang G. E674Q (Shanghai APP mutant), a novel amyloid precursor protein mutation, in familial late-onset Alzheimer's disease. Genes Dis 2024; 11:1022-1034. [PMID: 37692508 PMCID: PMC10491941 DOI: 10.1016/j.gendis.2023.02.051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2022] [Revised: 02/08/2023] [Accepted: 02/21/2023] [Indexed: 09/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Identified as the pathogenic genes of Alzheimer's disease (AD), APP, PSEN1, and PSEN2 mainly lead to early-onset AD, whose course is more aggressive, and atypical symptoms are more common than sporadic AD. Here, a novel missense mutation, APP E674Q (also named "Shanghai APP"), was detected in a Chinese index patient with typical late-onset AD (LOAD) who developed memory decline in his mid-70s. The results from neuroimaging were consistent with AD, where widespread amyloid β deposition was demonstrated in 18F-florbetapir Positron Emission Tomography (PET). APP E674Q is close to the β-secretase cleavage site and the well-studied Swedish APP mutation (KM670/671NL), which was predicted to be pathogenic in silico. Molecular dynamics simulation indicated that the E674Q mutation resulted in a rearrangement of the interaction mode between APP and BACE1 and that the E674Q mutation was more prone to cleavage by BACE1. The in vitro results suggested that the E674Q mutation was pathogenic by facilitating the BACE1-mediated processing of APP and the production of Aβ. Furthermore, we applied an adeno-associated virus (AAV)-mediated transfer of the human E674Q mutant APP gene to the hippocampi of two-month-old C57Bl/6 J mice. AAV-E674Q-injected mice exhibited impaired learning behavior and increased pathological burden in the brain, implying that the E674Q mutation had a pathogenicity that bore a comparison with the classical Swedish mutation. Collectively, we report a strong amyloidogenic effect of the E674Q substitution in AD. To our knowledge, E674Q is the only pathogenic mutation within the amyloid processing sequence causing LOAD.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yongfang Zhang
- Department of Neurology, Ruijin Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, China
- Department of Pharmacology and Chemical Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, China
| | - Xinyi Xie
- Department of Neurology, Ruijin Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, China
| | - Boyu Chen
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, Fudan University, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Lina Pan
- Department of Neurology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430060, China
| | - Jianping Li
- Department of Neurology, Ruijin Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, China
| | - Wanbing Wang
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Neurodegenerative Disease and Aging Research, Institute of Neuroscience, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian 361102, China
- Shenzhen Research Institute of Xiamen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518063, China
| | - Jintao Wang
- Department of Neurology, Ruijin Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, China
| | - Ran Tang
- Department of Neurology, Ruijin Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, China
| | - Qiang Huang
- Department of Neurology, Ruijin Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, China
| | - Xiaofen Chen
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Neurodegenerative Disease and Aging Research, Institute of Neuroscience, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian 361102, China
- Shenzhen Research Institute of Xiamen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518063, China
| | - Rujing Ren
- Department of Neurology, Ruijin Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, China
| | - Zhentao Zhang
- Department of Neurology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430060, China
| | - Wei Fu
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, Fudan University, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Gang Wang
- Department of Neurology, Ruijin Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, China
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Ke J, Yu C, Li S, Hong Y, Xu Y, Wang K, Meng T, Ping Y, Fu Q, Yuan H, Hu F. Combining Multifunctional Delivery System with Blood-Brain Barrier Reversible Opening Strategy for the Enhanced Treatment of Alzheimer's Disease. Adv Healthc Mater 2024; 13:e2302939. [PMID: 38117094 DOI: 10.1002/adhm.202302939] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2023] [Revised: 11/21/2023] [Indexed: 12/21/2023]
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a neurodegenerative illness characterized by intracellular tau-phosphorylation, β-amyloid (Aβ) plaques accumulation, neuroinflammation, and impaired behavioral ability. Owing to the lack of effective brain delivery approaches and the presence of the blood-brain barrier (BBB), current AD therapeutic endeavors are severely limited. Herein, a multifunctional delivery system (RVG-DDQ/PDP@siBACE1) is elaborately combined with a protein kinase B (AKT) agonist (SC79) for facilitating RVG-DDQ/PDP@siBACE1 to target and penetrate BBB, enter brain parenchyma, and further accumulate in AD brain lesion. Moreover, compared with the unitary dose of RVG-DDQ/PDP@siBACE1, this collaborative therapy strategy exhibits a distinctive synergistic function including scavenging reactive oxygen species (ROS), decreasing of Aβ production, alleviating neuroinflammation by promoting the polarized microglia into the anti-inflammatory M2-like phenotype and significantly enhancing the cognitive functions of AD mice. More strikingly, according to these results, an innovative signaling pathway "lncRNA MALAT1/miR-181c/BCL2L11" is found that can mediate the neuronal apoptosis of AD. Taken together, combining the brain targeted delivery system with noninvasive BBB opening can provide a promising strategy and platform for targeting treatment of AD and other neurodegenerative diseases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jia Ke
- Liangzhu Laboratory, Zhejiang University Medical Center, Hangzhou, 311121, China
- Wuya College of Innovation, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, 110016, China
| | - Caini Yu
- College of Pharmaceutical Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Sufen Li
- College of Pharmaceutical Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Yiling Hong
- College of Pharmaceutical Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Yichong Xu
- College of Pharmaceutical Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Kai Wang
- College of Pharmaceutical Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Tingting Meng
- College of Pharmaceutical Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Yuan Ping
- College of Pharmaceutical Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Qiang Fu
- Wuya College of Innovation, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, 110016, China
| | - Hong Yuan
- College of Pharmaceutical Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
- Jinhua Institute of Zhejiang University, Jinhua, 321299, China
| | - Fuqiang Hu
- College of Pharmaceutical Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
- Jinhua Institute of Zhejiang University, Jinhua, 321299, China
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Dadkhah M, Baziar M, Rezaei N. The regulatory role of BDNF in neuroimmune axis function and neuroinflammation induced by chronic stress: A new therapeutic strategies for neurodegenerative disorders. Cytokine 2024; 174:156477. [PMID: 38147741 DOI: 10.1016/j.cyto.2023.156477] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2023] [Revised: 11/14/2023] [Accepted: 12/10/2023] [Indexed: 12/28/2023]
Abstract
Neurodegenerative disorders account for a high proportion of neurological diseases that significantly threaten public health worldwide. Various factors are involved in the pathophysiology of such diseases which can lead to neurodegeneration and neural damage. Furthermore, neuroinflammation is a well-known factor in predisposing factors of neurological and especially neurodegenerative disorders which can be strongly suppressed by "anti-inflammatory" actions of brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF). Stress has has also been identified as a risk factor in developing neurodegenerative disorders potentially leading to increased neuroinflammation in the brain and progressive loss in neuronal structures and impaired functions in the CNS. Recently, more studies have increasingly been focused on the role of neuroimmune system in regulating the neurobiology of stress. Emerging evidence indicate that exposure to chronic stress might alter the susceptibility to neurodegeneration via influencing the microglia function. Microglia is considered as the first responding group of cells in suppressing neuroinflammation, leading to an increased inflammatory cytokine signaling that promote the synaptic plasticity deficiencies, impairment in neurogenesis, and development of neurodegenerative disorders. In this review we discuss how exposure to chronic stress might alter the neuroimmune response potentially leading to progress of neurodegenerative disorders. We also emphasize on the role of BDNF in regulating the neuroimmune axis function and microglia modulation in neurodegenerative disorders.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Masoomeh Dadkhah
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center, Ardabil University of Medical Sciences, Ardabil, Iran.
| | - Milad Baziar
- Student Research Committee, Faculty of Medicine, Ardabil University of Medical Sciences, Ardabil, Iran
| | - Nima Rezaei
- Research Center for Immunodeficiencies, Children's Medical Center Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran 1419733151, Iran; Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; Network of Immunity in Infection, Malignancy and Autoimmunity (NIIMA), Universal Scientific Education Research Network (USERN), Tehran, Iran
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Zhu T, Liu H, Gao S, Jiang N, Chen S, Xie W. Effect of salidroside on neuroprotection and psychiatric sequelae during the COVID-19 pandemic: A review. Biomed Pharmacother 2024; 170:115999. [PMID: 38091637 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2023.115999] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2023] [Revised: 11/22/2023] [Accepted: 12/06/2023] [Indexed: 01/10/2024] Open
Abstract
The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has affected the mental health of individuals worldwide, and the risk of psychiatric sequelae and consequent mental disorders has increased among the general population, health care workers and patients with COVID-19. Achieving effective and widespread prevention of pandemic-related psychiatric sequelae to protect the mental health of the global population is a serious challenge. Salidroside, as a natural agent, has substantial pharmacological activity and health effects, exerts obvious neuroprotective effects, and may be effective in preventing and treating psychiatric sequelae and mental disorders resulting from stress stemming from the COVID-19 pandemic. Herein, we systematically summarise, analyse and discuss the therapeutic effects of salidroside in the prevention and treatment of psychiatric sequelae as well as its roles in preventing the progression of mental disorders, and fully clarify the potential of salidroside as a widely applicable agent for preventing mental disorders caused by stress; the mechanisms underlying the potential protective effects of salidroside are involved in the regulation of the oxidative stress, neuroinflammation, neural regeneration and cell apoptosis in the brain, the network homeostasis of neurotransmission, HPA axis and cholinergic system, and the improvement of synaptic plasticity. Notably, this review innovatively proposes that salidroside is a potential agent for treating stress-induced health issues during the COVID-19 pandemic and provides scientific evidence and a theoretical basis for the use of natural products to combat the current mental health crisis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ting Zhu
- Institute of Neuroregeneration & Neurorehabilitation, Department of Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medicine, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, China
| | - Hui Liu
- Guizhou Provincial Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutics & State Key Laboratory of Functions and Applications of Medicinal Plants, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang 550004, Guizhou, China; Engineering Research Center for the Development and Application of Ethnic Medicine and TCM (Ministry of Education), Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang 550004, Guizhou, China
| | - Shiman Gao
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Women and Children's Hospital, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266034, China
| | - Ning Jiang
- Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Peking Union Medical College and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing 100193, China.
| | - Shuai Chen
- School of Public Health, Wuhan University, Donghu Road No. 115, Wuchang District, Wuhan 430071, China.
| | - Weijie Xie
- Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders, Shanghai Pudong New Area Mental Health Center, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200122, China.
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Singh L, Kaur H, Chandra Arya G, Bhatti R. Neuroprotective potential of formononetin, a naturally occurring isoflavone phytoestrogen. Chem Biol Drug Des 2024; 103:e14353. [PMID: 37722967 DOI: 10.1111/cbdd.14353] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2023] [Revised: 08/17/2023] [Accepted: 09/04/2023] [Indexed: 09/20/2023]
Abstract
The increased prevalence of neurological illnesses is a burgeoning challenge to the public healthcare system and presents greater financial pressure. Formononetin, an O-methylated isoflavone, has gained a lot of attention due to its neuroprotective potential explored in several investigations. Formononetin is widely found in legumes and several types of clovers including Trifolium pratense L., Astragalus membranaceus, Sophora tomentosa, etc. Formononetin modulates various endogenous mediators to confer neuroprotection. It prevents RAGE activation that results in the inhibition of neuronal damage via downregulating the level of ROS and proinflammatory cytokines. Furthermore, formononetin also increases the expression of ADAM-10, which affects the pathology of neurodegenerative disease by lowering tau phosphorylation, maintaining synaptic plasticity, and boosting hippocampus neurogenesis. Besides these, formononetin also increases the expression of antioxidants, Nrf-2, PI3K, ApoJ, and LRP1. Whereas, reduces the expression of p65-NF-κB and proinflammatory cytokines. It also inhibits the deposition of Aβ and MAO-B activity. An inhibition of Aβ/RAGE-induced activation of MAPK and NOX governs the protection elicited by formononetin against inflammatory and oxidative stress-induced neuronal damage. Besides this, PI3K/Akt and ER-α-mediated activation of ADAM10, ApoJ/LRP1-mediated clearance of Aβ, and MAO-B inhibition-mediated preservation of dopaminergic neurons integrity are the major modulations produced by formononetin. This review covers the biosynthesis of formononetin and key molecular pathways modulated by formononetin to confer neuroprotection.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lovedeep Singh
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar, India
- University Institute of Pharma Sciences, Chandigarh University, Mohali, India
| | - Harpreet Kaur
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar, India
| | - Girish Chandra Arya
- University Institute of Pharma Sciences, Chandigarh University, Mohali, India
| | - Rajbir Bhatti
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar, India
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Ghosh P, Narang K, Iyer PK. Role of Amyloid Beta in Neurodegeneration and Therapeutic Strategies for Neuroprotection. Methods Mol Biol 2024; 2761:337-354. [PMID: 38427249 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-0716-3662-6_25] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/02/2024]
Abstract
The gradual loss of neurons' structure and function in the central nervous system is known as neurodegeneration. It is a defining feature of several incapacitating illnesses, such as Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, and Huntington's disease. The buildup of amyloid beta (Aβ) protein in the brain is one of the several variables linked to neurodegeneration. We shall delve into the fascinating realm of Aβ in this chapter and examine its role in the etiology of neurodegenerative illnesses. Insights into the processes through which Aβ exerts its toxicity are crucial for the creation of therapeutic approaches to treat these life-threatening diseases. Despite the presence of multiple obstacles, recent research shows promise for the development of some new anti-Aβ therapies that will help millions of people suffering from neurodegeneration. In this chapter, we discuss the role of Aβ in contributing to neurotoxicity and several anti-Aβ therapies for neuroprotection.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Priyam Ghosh
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Guwahati, Assam, India
| | - Kavita Narang
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Guwahati, Assam, India
| | - Parameswar Krishnan Iyer
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Guwahati, Assam, India.
- Center for Nanotechnology, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Guwahati, Assam, India.
- Jyoti and Bhupat Mehta School of Health Sciences and Technology, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Guwahati, Assam, India.
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Narayanan AP, Jayan J, Sudevan ST, Dhyani A, Zachariah SM, Mathew B. Flavonoid and Chalcone Scaffolds as Inhibitors of BACE1: Recent Updates. Comb Chem High Throughput Screen 2024; 27:1243-1256. [PMID: 37519205 DOI: 10.2174/1386207326666230731092409] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2022] [Revised: 02/27/2023] [Accepted: 03/08/2023] [Indexed: 08/01/2023]
Abstract
Flavonoids and chalcones are two major classes of chemical moieties that have a vast background of pharmacological activities. Chalcone is a subclass of flavonoids whose therapeutic potential has been implicated due to an array of bioactivities. A lot of research works have shown interest in investigating the neuroprotective effect of these molecules, and have revealed them to be much more potent molecules that can be used to treat neurodegenerative disorders. Beta-site APP cleaving enzyme (BACE1), which is majorly found in the brain, is one of the reasons behind the development of Alzheimer's disease (AD). Flavonoids and chalcones have proven clinical data that they inhibit the production of Aβ plaques that are involved in the progression of AD. In this article, we have provided a detailed chronological review of the research work on the BACE1 inhibiting potency of both flavonoids and chalcones. Almost all the flavonoids and chalcones mentioned in this article have shown very good in vitro and in vivo BACE1 inhibiting activity. The docking studies and the structural importance of some BACE1-inhibiting flavonoids, as well as chalcones, are also mentioned here.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Anishma Payyappilliparambil Narayanan
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Amrita School of Pharmacy, Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham, AIMS Health Sciences Campus, Kochi, Kerala-682041, India
| | - Jayalakshmi Jayan
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Amrita School of Pharmacy, Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham, AIMS Health Sciences Campus, Kochi, Kerala-682041, India
| | - Sachithra Thazhathuveedu Sudevan
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Amrita School of Pharmacy, Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham, AIMS Health Sciences Campus, Kochi, Kerala-682041, India
| | - Archana Dhyani
- School of Pharmacy, Graphic Era Hill University, Dehradun, 248007, Uttarakhand, India
| | - Subin Mary Zachariah
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Amrita School of Pharmacy, Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham, AIMS Health Sciences Campus, Kochi, Kerala-682041, India
| | - Bijo Mathew
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Amrita School of Pharmacy, Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham, AIMS Health Sciences Campus, Kochi, Kerala-682041, India
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Wei X, Fan J, Hao Y, Dong H, Zhang Y, Zhou Y, Xu M. Electrochemiluminescence and electrochemical dual-mode detection of BACE1 activity based on the assembly of peptide and luminol co-functionalized silver nanoparticles induced by cucurbit[8]uril. Talanta 2024; 266:124904. [PMID: 37473471 DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2023.124904] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2023] [Revised: 06/27/2023] [Accepted: 07/01/2023] [Indexed: 07/22/2023]
Abstract
A novel electrochemiluminescence (ECL) and electrochemical dual-mode sensor was developed for detecting the activity of beta-site amyloid precursor protein cleaving enzyme 1 (BACE1) and screening its inhibitor. Specifically, the adamantane (ADA)-functionalized peptide (P1), a designed substrate peptide for BACE1, was immobilized on the electrode surface via host-guest interaction between β-cyclodextrin (β-CD) and ADA. The aggregation of the peptide (P2) and luminol co-functionalized silver nanoparticles could be induced by cucurbit [8]uril (CB[8] due to the ability of CB[8] to accommodate two aromatic residues simultaneously. The obtained (CB[8]-P2-AgNPs-luminol)n aggregates with both ECL and electrochemical activity, used as the dual-mode signal probe, could be captured to the N-terminal of P1 through CB[8]. Once the substrate P1 was cleaved by BACE1, the probe-binding polypeptide fragment detached from the electrode surface, resulting in a remarkable decrease in the ECL and electrochemical signals. Taking advantage of the signal amplification function of the signal probe, the sensitive dual-mode assay for BACE1 activity can be achieved with the low detection limits of 33.11 pM for ECL and 53.19 pM for electrochemical mode. The superior analytical performance of this novel dual-mode sensor toward BACE1 activity suggested the promising application in early diagnosis of Alzheimer's disease (AD).
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiuhua Wei
- Henan Key Laboratory of Biomolecular Recognition and Sensing, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Henan Joint International Research Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing and Early Diagnosis of Major Diseases, Shangqiu Normal University, Shangqiu, 476000, China
| | - Jie Fan
- Henan Key Laboratory of Biomolecular Recognition and Sensing, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Henan Joint International Research Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing and Early Diagnosis of Major Diseases, Shangqiu Normal University, Shangqiu, 476000, China
| | - Yuanqiang Hao
- Key Laboratory of Theoretical Organic Chemistry and Function Molecule of Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan University of Science and Technology, Xiangtan, 411201, China
| | - Hui Dong
- Henan Key Laboratory of Biomolecular Recognition and Sensing, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Henan Joint International Research Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing and Early Diagnosis of Major Diseases, Shangqiu Normal University, Shangqiu, 476000, China
| | - Yintang Zhang
- Henan Key Laboratory of Biomolecular Recognition and Sensing, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Henan Joint International Research Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing and Early Diagnosis of Major Diseases, Shangqiu Normal University, Shangqiu, 476000, China
| | - Yanli Zhou
- Henan Key Laboratory of Biomolecular Recognition and Sensing, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Henan Joint International Research Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing and Early Diagnosis of Major Diseases, Shangqiu Normal University, Shangqiu, 476000, China
| | - Maotian Xu
- Henan Key Laboratory of Biomolecular Recognition and Sensing, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Henan Joint International Research Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing and Early Diagnosis of Major Diseases, Shangqiu Normal University, Shangqiu, 476000, China.
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Gonzalez-Ruiz C, Ortiz-Flores M, Bernal-Hernández J, Mondragon-Lozano R, Palma-Guzman A, Coyoy-Salgado A, Salgado-Ceballos H. Phytochemical Extract from Carica papaya Leaves and Punica granatum Seeds as Therapy Against Cognitive Impairment in a Murine Model. Mol Neurobiol 2024; 61:450-464. [PMID: 37626269 DOI: 10.1007/s12035-023-03547-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2023] [Accepted: 07/31/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023]
Abstract
Mild cognitive impairment (MCI) is defined as inter-stage between normal cognitive aging and major neurocognitive disorder (MND). This state of decay is a crucial factor in treatment to prevent the progression to MND. In this study, our group developed a virtual screening process to evaluate 2568 phytochemical compounds against 5 key proteins associated with MCI and MND. As a result, two potential candidates were identified: carpaine, found in Carica papaya leaves, and punicalagin, present in Punica granatum. A model of cognitive impairment (CI) was developed in 10-month-old male Sprague Dawley rats by administering aluminum chloride (AlCl3) at a dose of 100 mg/kg/day for 30 days. After AlCl3 administration period, one of the groups received carpaine and punicalagin in a phytochemical extract (PE) by oral gavage for 30 days. Novel object recognition test (NOR) was assessed at three different time points (T1 - before CI, T2 - after CI, and T3 - after PE treatment). Glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) and neurofilament light chain (NfL) were identified in the hippocampus of rats at the end of the study period. After administration of AlCl3, a reduction in discrimination index vs control rats (CI = 0.012 ± 0.08 vs Control = 0.076 ± 0.03), was observed. After phytochemical extract treatment, a significant increase in discrimination index values was observed in the PE group 0.4643 ± 0.13 vs CI group 0.012 ± 0.08. Additionally, the evaluation of immunohistochemistry showed an increase in GFAP positivity in the hippocampus of the CI groups, while a slight decrease was observed in the PE group. This work addressed a comprehensive methodology that utilized in silico tools to identify phytochemical compounds (carpaine and punicalagin) as potential candidates for affecting key proteins in CI. The phytochemical extract containing carpaine and punicalagin resulted in a trend in the decrease of GFAP expression in the hippocampus and improved recognition memory in rats with CI induced by age and AlCl3 administration.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Cristian Gonzalez-Ruiz
- Facultad de Estudios Superiores Iztacala, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Tlalnepantla, Estado de Mexico, Mexico
| | - Miguel Ortiz-Flores
- Escuela Superior de Medicina, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Miguel Hidalgo, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Jorge Bernal-Hernández
- Facultad de Estudios Superiores Iztacala, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Tlalnepantla, Estado de Mexico, Mexico
| | - Rodrigo Mondragon-Lozano
- Researchers for Mexico CONAHCyT-Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Unidad de Investigación Médica en Enfermedades Neurológicas, Hospital de Especialidades, Centro Médico Nacional Siglo XXI, Cuauhtémoc, Mexico city, Mexico
| | - Alam Palma-Guzman
- Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Laboratorio de Histología, Coordinación de Investigación en Salud, Centro Médico Nacional Siglo XXI, Cuauhtémoc, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Angélica Coyoy-Salgado
- Researchers for Mexico CONAHCyT-Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Unidad de Investigación Médica en Enfermedades Neurológicas, Hospital de Especialidades, Centro Médico Nacional Siglo XXI, Cuauhtémoc, Mexico city, Mexico
| | - Hermelinda Salgado-Ceballos
- Facultad de Estudios Superiores Iztacala, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Tlalnepantla, Estado de Mexico, Mexico.
- Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Unidad de Investigación Médica en Enfermedades Neurológicas, Hospital de Especialidades, Centro Médico Nacional Siglo XXI, Cuauhtémoc, Mexico City, Mexico.
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
Zhao Z, Liu Y, Ruan S, Hu Y. Current Anti-Amyloid-β Therapy for Alzheimer's Disease Treatment: From Clinical Research to Nanomedicine. Int J Nanomedicine 2023; 18:7825-7845. [PMID: 38144511 PMCID: PMC10749171 DOI: 10.2147/ijn.s444115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2023] [Accepted: 12/12/2023] [Indexed: 12/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Recent successive approval of anti-amyloid-β (Aβ) monoclonal antibodies as disease-modifying therapies against Alzheimer's disease (AD) has raised great confidence in the development of anti-AD therapies; however, the current therapies still face the dilemma of significant adverse reactions and limited effects. In this review, we summarized the therapeutic characteristics of the approved anti-Aβ immunotherapies and dialectically analyzed the gains and losses from clinical trials. The review further proposed the reasonable selection of animal models in preclinical studies from the perspective of different animal models of Aβ deposition and deals in-depth with the recent advances of exploring preclinical nanomedical application in Aβ targeted therapy, aiming to provide a reliable systematic summary for the development of novel anti-Aβ therapies. Collectively, this review comprehensively dissects the pioneering work of Aβ-targeted therapies and proposed perspective insight into AD-modified therapies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zixuan Zhao
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Translational Research Institute for Neurological Disorders, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wannan Medical College (Yijishan Hospital of Wannan Medical College), Wuhu, 241000, People’s Republic of China
- The Institute of Brain Science, Wannan Medical College, Wuhu, 241000, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yun Liu
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Translational Research Institute for Neurological Disorders, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wannan Medical College (Yijishan Hospital of Wannan Medical College), Wuhu, 241000, People’s Republic of China
- The Institute of Brain Science, Wannan Medical College, Wuhu, 241000, People’s Republic of China
| | - Shirong Ruan
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Translational Research Institute for Neurological Disorders, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wannan Medical College (Yijishan Hospital of Wannan Medical College), Wuhu, 241000, People’s Republic of China
- The Institute of Brain Science, Wannan Medical College, Wuhu, 241000, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yixuan Hu
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Translational Research Institute for Neurological Disorders, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wannan Medical College (Yijishan Hospital of Wannan Medical College), Wuhu, 241000, People’s Republic of China
- The Institute of Brain Science, Wannan Medical College, Wuhu, 241000, People’s Republic of China
| |
Collapse
|
27
|
Zaręba P, Łątka K, Mazur G, Gryzło B, Pasieka A, Godyń J, Panek D, Skrzypczak-Wiercioch A, Höfner GC, Latacz G, Maj M, Espargaró A, Sabaté R, Jóźwiak K, Wanner KT, Sałat K, Malawska B, Kulig K, Bajda M. Discovery of novel multifunctional ligands targeting GABA transporters, butyrylcholinesterase, β-secretase, and amyloid β aggregation as potential treatment of Alzheimer's disease. Eur J Med Chem 2023; 261:115832. [PMID: 37837674 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2023.115832] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2023] [Revised: 09/12/2023] [Accepted: 09/23/2023] [Indexed: 10/16/2023]
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a global health problem in the medical sector that will increase over time. The limited treatment of AD leads to the search for a new clinical candidate. Considering the multifactorial nature of AD, a strategy targeting number of regulatory proteins involved in the development of the disease is an effective approach. Here, we present a discovery of new multi-target-directed ligands (MTDLs), purposely designed as GABA transporter (GAT) inhibitors, that successfully provide the inhibitory activity against butyrylcholinesterase (BuChE), β-secretase (BACE1), amyloid β aggregation and calcium channel blockade activity. The selected GAT inhibitors, 19c and 22a - N-benzylamide derivatives of 4-aminobutyric acid, displayed the most prominent multifunctional profile. Compound 19c (mGAT1 IC50 = 10 μM, mGAT4 IC50 = 12 μM and BuChE IC50 = 559 nM) possessed the highest hBACE1 and Aβ40 aggregation inhibitory activity (IC50 = 1.57 μM and 99 % at 10 μM, respectively). Additionally, it showed a decrease in both the elongation and nucleation constants of the amyloid aggregation process. In contrast compound 22a represented the highest activity and a mixed-type of eqBuChE inhibition (IC50 = 173 nM) with hBACE1 (IC50 = 9.42 μM), Aβ aggregation (79 % at 10 μM) and mGATs (mGAT1 IC50 = 30 μM, mGAT4 IC50 = 25 μM) inhibitory activity. Performed molecular docking studies described the mode of interactions with GATs and enzymatic targets. In ADMET in vitro studies both compounds showed acceptable metabolic stability and low neurotoxicity. Successfully, compounds 19c and 22a at the dose of 30 mg/kg possessed statistically significant antiamnesic properties in a mouse model of amnesia caused by scopolamine and assessed in the novel object recognition (NOR) task or the passive avoidance (PA) task.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Paula Zaręba
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Medyczna 9 St., 30-688, Kraków, Poland
| | - Kamil Łątka
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Medyczna 9 St., 30-688, Kraków, Poland
| | - Gabriela Mazur
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Medyczna 9 St., 30-688, Kraków, Poland
| | - Beata Gryzło
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Medyczna 9 St., 30-688, Kraków, Poland
| | - Anna Pasieka
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Medyczna 9 St., 30-688, Kraków, Poland
| | - Justyna Godyń
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Medyczna 9 St., 30-688, Kraków, Poland
| | - Dawid Panek
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Medyczna 9 St., 30-688, Kraków, Poland
| | - Anna Skrzypczak-Wiercioch
- Department of Animal Anatomy and Preclinical Sciences, University Centre of Veterinary Medicine JU-UA, University of Agriculture in Kraków, Mickiewicz 24/28 St., 30-059, Kraków, Poland
| | - Georg C Höfner
- Department of Pharmacy, Center for Drug Research, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München Butenandtstr., 5-13, 81377, Munich, Germany
| | - Gniewomir Latacz
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Medyczna 9 St., 30-688, Kraków, Poland
| | - Maciej Maj
- Department of Biopharmacy, Medical University of Lublin, W. Chodzki 4a St., 20-093, Lublin, Poland
| | - Alba Espargaró
- Department of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Technology and Physical-Chemistry, School of Pharmacy and Food Sciences, University of Barcelona, Av Joan XXIII 27-31, 08028, Barcelona, Spain; Institute of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology (IN2UB), Av Joan XXIII, S/N, 08028, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Raimon Sabaté
- Department of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Technology and Physical-Chemistry, School of Pharmacy and Food Sciences, University of Barcelona, Av Joan XXIII 27-31, 08028, Barcelona, Spain; Institute of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology (IN2UB), Av Joan XXIII, S/N, 08028, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Krzysztof Jóźwiak
- Department of Biopharmacy, Medical University of Lublin, W. Chodzki 4a St., 20-093, Lublin, Poland
| | - Klaus T Wanner
- Department of Pharmacy, Center for Drug Research, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München Butenandtstr., 5-13, 81377, Munich, Germany
| | - Kinga Sałat
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Medyczna 9 St., 30-688, Kraków, Poland
| | - Barbara Malawska
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Medyczna 9 St., 30-688, Kraków, Poland
| | - Katarzyna Kulig
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Medyczna 9 St., 30-688, Kraków, Poland
| | - Marek Bajda
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Medyczna 9 St., 30-688, Kraków, Poland.
| |
Collapse
|
28
|
Khan T, Waseem R, Shahid M, Ansari J, Ahanger IA, Hassan I, Islam A. Recent advancement in therapeutic strategies for Alzheimer's disease: Insights from clinical trials. Ageing Res Rev 2023; 92:102113. [PMID: 37918760 DOI: 10.1016/j.arr.2023.102113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2023] [Revised: 10/16/2023] [Accepted: 10/27/2023] [Indexed: 11/04/2023]
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is the most prevalent form of dementia, characterized by the presence of plaques of amyloid beta and Tau proteins. There is currently no permanent cure for AD; the only medications approved by the FDA for mild to moderate AD are cholinesterase inhibitors, NMDA receptor antagonists, and immunotherapies against core pathophysiology, that provide temporary relief only. Researchers worldwide have made significant attempts to find new targets and develop innovative therapeutic molecules to treat AD. The FDA-approved drugs are palliative and couldn't restore the damaged neuron cells of AD. Stem cells have self-differentiation properties, making them prospective therapeutics to treat AD. The promising results in pre-clinical studies of stem cell therapy for AD seek attention worldwide. Various stem cells, mainly mesenchymal stem cells, are currently in different phases of clinical trials and need more advancements to take this therapy to the translational level. Here, we review research from the past decade that has identified several hypotheses related to AD pathology. Moreover, this article also focuses on the recent advancement in therapeutic strategies for AD treatment including immunotherapy and stem cell therapy detailing the clinical trials that are currently undergoing development.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tanzeel Khan
- Centre for Interdisciplinary Research in Basic Sciences, Jamia Millia Islamia, Jamia Nagar, New Delhi 110025, India
| | - Rashid Waseem
- Centre for Interdisciplinary Research in Basic Sciences, Jamia Millia Islamia, Jamia Nagar, New Delhi 110025, India
| | - Mohammad Shahid
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, Al-Kharj 11942, Saudi Arabia
| | - Jaoud Ansari
- Centre for Interdisciplinary Research in Basic Sciences, Jamia Millia Islamia, Jamia Nagar, New Delhi 110025, India
| | - Ishfaq Ahmad Ahanger
- Centre for Interdisciplinary Research in Basic Sciences, Jamia Millia Islamia, Jamia Nagar, New Delhi 110025, India; Department of Clinical Biochemistry, University of Kashmir,190006, India
| | - Imtaiyaz Hassan
- Centre for Interdisciplinary Research in Basic Sciences, Jamia Millia Islamia, Jamia Nagar, New Delhi 110025, India
| | - Asimul Islam
- Centre for Interdisciplinary Research in Basic Sciences, Jamia Millia Islamia, Jamia Nagar, New Delhi 110025, India.
| |
Collapse
|
29
|
Alshial EE, Abdulghaney MI, Wadan AHS, Abdellatif MA, Ramadan NE, Suleiman AM, Waheed N, Abdellatif M, Mohammed HS. Mitochondrial dysfunction and neurological disorders: A narrative review and treatment overview. Life Sci 2023; 334:122257. [PMID: 37949207 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2023.122257] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2023] [Revised: 10/27/2023] [Accepted: 11/07/2023] [Indexed: 11/12/2023]
Abstract
Mitochondria play a vital role in the nervous system, as they are responsible for generating energy in the form of ATP and regulating cellular processes such as calcium (Ca2+) signaling and apoptosis. However, mitochondrial dysfunction can lead to oxidative stress (OS), inflammation, and cell death, which have been implicated in the pathogenesis of various neurological disorders. In this article, we review the main functions of mitochondria in the nervous system and explore the mechanisms related to mitochondrial dysfunction. We discuss the role of mitochondrial dysfunction in the development and progression of some neurological disorders including Parkinson's disease (PD), multiple sclerosis (MS), Alzheimer's disease (AD), depression, and epilepsy. Finally, we provide an overview of various current treatment strategies that target mitochondrial dysfunction, including pharmacological treatments, phototherapy, gene therapy, and mitotherapy. This review emphasizes the importance of understanding the role of mitochondria in the nervous system and highlights the potential for mitochondrial-targeted therapies in the treatment of neurological disorders. Furthermore, it highlights some limitations and challenges encountered by the current therapeutic strategies and puts them in future perspective.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Eman E Alshial
- Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Damanhour University, Al Buhayrah, Egypt
| | | | - Al-Hassan Soliman Wadan
- Department of Oral Biology, Faculty of Dentistry, Sinai University, Arish, North Sinai, Egypt
| | | | - Nada E Ramadan
- Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Science, Tanta University, Gharbia, Egypt
| | | | - Nahla Waheed
- Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Mansoura University, Egypt
| | | | - Haitham S Mohammed
- Biophysics Department, Faculty of Science, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt.
| |
Collapse
|
30
|
Shi D, Hao Z, Qi W, Jiang F, Liu K, Shi X. Aerobic exercise combined with chlorogenic acid exerts neuroprotective effects and reverses cognitive decline in Alzheimer's disease model mice (APP/PS1) via the SIRT1/ /PGC-1α/PPARγ signaling pathway. Front Aging Neurosci 2023; 15:1269952. [PMID: 38046466 PMCID: PMC10693339 DOI: 10.3389/fnagi.2023.1269952] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2023] [Accepted: 10/20/2023] [Indexed: 12/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a prevalent neurodegenerative disease account for 60-80% of the total number of people with dementia, but its treatment and prevention strategies are still in a long process of exploration. It has been reported that a healthy lifestyle may be an effective non-pharmacological intervention for the prevention and treatment of AD, including increased physical activity and the consumption of polyphenol-rich foods. This study, therefore, investigated the effects of 8 weeks of moderate-intensity aerobic exercise (EX), administration of chlorogenic acid administration (GCA), and a combination of both (EX+GCA) on β-amyloid (Aβ) deposition, inflammatory factors, oxidative stress markers, neuronal damage, and cognitive performance in the brains of AD model mice (APP/PS1) and which signaling pathways may be responsible for these effects. The study used Western blot to detect the expression of signaling pathway-related proteins, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay to detect the expression of inflammatory factors, hematoxylin-eosin staining to detect hippocampal neuronal morphology, immunohistochemistry to detect changes in Aβ deposition in the hippocampus, an oxidative stress marker kit to detect oxidative stress status and the Morris water maze to detect changes in cognitive performance. This study showed that an 8-week intervention (EX/GCA/EX+GCA) activating the SIRT1/PGC-1α signaling pathway improved oxidative stress, neuroinflammation, Aβ deposition, and cognitive performance in mice. However, there was no obvious difference between the EX and GCA groups. In contrast, the combined EX+GCA intervention was significantly better than phase EX or GCA. Our study suggests that although relief of Aβ deposition, neuroinflammation, oxidative stress, neuronal damage, and cognitive decline could also be achieved with EX or GCA, the combined EX+GCA intervention showed better results. These relief effects on AD-related conditions may be obtained by mediating the activation of the SIRT1/PGC-1α signaling pathway. This study is the first to explore the improvement of AD-related conditions with a combined lifestyle of EX+GCA. This healthy lifestyle could be a candidate option for the treatment of AD.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Dan Shi
- Yueyang Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese Medicine and Western Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Academy of Integrative Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Zikang Hao
- Department of Physical Education, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, China
| | - Wenxiao Qi
- Sports Training College, Tianjin Institute of Physical Education, Tianjin, China
| | - Fengyi Jiang
- Yueyang Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese Medicine and Western Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Kerui Liu
- Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Macau, Taipa, China
| | - Xiao Shi
- Yueyang Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese Medicine and Western Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| |
Collapse
|
31
|
Wang L, Shui X, Diao Y, Chen D, Zhou Y, Lee TH. Potential Implications of miRNAs in the Pathogenesis, Diagnosis, and Therapeutics of Alzheimer's Disease. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:16259. [PMID: 38003448 PMCID: PMC10671222 DOI: 10.3390/ijms242216259] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2023] [Revised: 11/10/2023] [Accepted: 11/12/2023] [Indexed: 11/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a complex multifactorial disorder that poses a substantial burden on patients, caregivers, and society. Considering the increased aging population and life expectancy, the incidence of AD will continue to rise in the following decades. However, the molecular pathogenesis of AD remains controversial, superior blood-based biomarker candidates for early diagnosis are still lacking, and effective therapeutics to halt or slow disease progression are urgently needed. As powerful genetic regulators, microRNAs (miRNAs) are receiving increasing attention due to their implications in the initiation, development, and theranostics of various diseases, including AD. In this review, we summarize miRNAs that directly target microtubule-associated protein tau (MAPT), amyloid precursor protein (APP), and β-site APP-cleaving enzyme 1 (BACE1) transcripts and regulate the alternative splicing of tau and APP. We also discuss related kinases, such as glycogen synthase kinase (GSK)-3β, cyclin-dependent kinase 5 (CDK5), and death-associated protein kinase 1 (DAPK1), as well as apolipoprotein E, that are directly targeted by miRNAs to control tau phosphorylation and amyloidogenic APP processing leading to Aβ pathologies. Moreover, there is evidence of miRNA-mediated modulation of inflammation. Furthermore, circulating miRNAs in the serum or plasma of AD patients as noninvasive biomarkers with diagnostic potential are reviewed. In addition, miRNA-based therapeutics optimized with nanocarriers or exosomes as potential options for AD treatment are discussed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Ying Zhou
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Translational Research in Cancer and Neurodegenerative Diseases, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou 350122, China; (L.W.)
| | - Tae Ho Lee
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Translational Research in Cancer and Neurodegenerative Diseases, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou 350122, China; (L.W.)
| |
Collapse
|
32
|
Ismail H, Khalid D, Waseem D, Ijaz MU, Dilshad E, Haq IU, Bhatti MZ, Anwaar S, Ahmed M, Saleem S. Bioassays guided isolation of berberine from Berberis lycium and its neuroprotective role in aluminium chloride induced rat model of Alzheimer's disease combined with insilico molecular docking. PLoS One 2023; 18:e0286349. [PMID: 37910530 PMCID: PMC10619822 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0286349] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/25/2022] [Accepted: 05/13/2023] [Indexed: 11/03/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Berberis lycium is an indigenous plant of Pakistan that is known for its medicinal properties. In the current study, we investigated the anti-Alzheimer's effect of berberine isolated from Berberis lycium. METHODS Root extract of B. lycium was subjected to acetylcholinesterase inhibition assay and column chromatography for bioassays guided isolation of a compound. The neuroprotective and memory improving effects of isolated compound were evaluated by aluminium chloride induced Alzheimer's disease rat model, elevated plus maze (EPM) and Morris water maze (MWM) tests., Levels of dopamine and serotonin in rats brains were determined using HPLC. Moreover, western blot and docking were performed to determine interaction between berberine and β-secretase. RESULTS During fractionation, ethyl acetate and methanol (3:7) fraction was collected from solvent mixture of ethyl acetate and methanol. This fraction showed the highest anti-acetylcholinesterase activity and was alkaloid positive. The results of TLC and HPLC analysis indicated the presence of the isolated compound as berberine. Additionally, the confirmation of isolated compound as berberine was carried out using FTIR and NMR analysis. In vivo EPM and MWM tests showed improved memory patterns after berberine treatment in Alzheimer's disease model. The levels of dopamine, serotonin and activity of antioxidant enzymes were significantly (p<0.05) enhanced in brain tissue homogenates of berberine treated group. This was supported by decreased expression of β-secretase in berberine treated rat brain homogenates and good binding affinity of berberine with β-secretase in docking studies. Binding energies for interaction of β-secretase with berberine and drug Rivastigmine is -7.0 kcal/mol and -5.8 kcal/mol respectively representing the strong interactions. The results of docked complex of secretase with berberine and Rivastigmine was carried out using Gromacs which showed significant stability of complex in terms of RMSD and radius of gyration. Overall, the study presents berberine as a potential drug against Alzheimer's disease by providing evidence of its effects in improving memory, neurotransmitter levels and reducing β-secretase expression in the Alzheimer's disease model.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hammad Ismail
- Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, University of Gujrat, Gujrat, Pakistan
| | - Dania Khalid
- Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, University of Gujrat, Gujrat, Pakistan
| | - Durdana Waseem
- Shifa College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shifa Tameer-e-Millat University, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Umar Ijaz
- Department of Zoology, Wildlife and Fisheries, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Erum Dilshad
- Department of Bioinformatics and Biosciences, Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, Capital University of Science and Technology, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Ihsan-ul Haq
- Department of Pharmacy, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Zeeshan Bhatti
- Department of Biological Sciences, National University of Medical Sciences, Rawalpindi, Pakistan
| | - Sadaf Anwaar
- Department of Biological Sciences, International Islamic University, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Madiha Ahmed
- Shifa College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shifa Tameer-e-Millat University, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Samreen Saleem
- Department of Nutrition and Lifestyle Medicine, Health Services Academy, Islamabad, Pakistan
| |
Collapse
|
33
|
Dave BP, Shah YB, Maheshwari KG, Mansuri KA, Prajapati BS, Postwala HI, Chorawala MR. Pathophysiological Aspects and Therapeutic Armamentarium of Alzheimer's Disease: Recent Trends and Future Development. Cell Mol Neurobiol 2023; 43:3847-3884. [PMID: 37725199 DOI: 10.1007/s10571-023-01408-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2023] [Accepted: 08/31/2023] [Indexed: 09/21/2023]
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is the primary cause of dementia and is characterized by the death of brain cells due to the accumulation of insoluble amyloid plaques, hyperphosphorylation of tau protein, and the formation of neurofibrillary tangles within the cells. AD is also associated with other pathologies such as neuroinflammation, dysfunction of synaptic connections and circuits, disorders in mitochondrial function and energy production, epigenetic changes, and abnormalities in the vascular system. Despite extensive research conducted over the last hundred years, little is established about what causes AD or how to effectively treat it. Given the severity of the disease and the increasing number of affected individuals, there is a critical need to discover effective medications for AD. The US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) has approved several new drug molecules for AD management since 2003, but these drugs only provide temporary relief of symptoms and do not address the underlying causes of the disease. Currently, available medications focus on correcting the neurotransmitter disruption observed in AD, including cholinesterase inhibitors and an antagonist of the N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptor, which temporarily alleviates the signs of dementia but does not prevent or reverse the course of AD. Research towards disease-modifying AD treatments is currently underway, including gene therapy, lipid nanoparticles, and dendrimer-based therapy. These innovative approaches aim to target the underlying pathological processes of AD rather than just managing the symptoms. This review discusses the novel aspects of pathogenesis involved in the causation of AD of AD and in recent developments in the therapeutic armamentarium for the treatment of AD such as gene therapy, lipid nanoparticles, and dendrimer-based therapy, and many more.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Bhavarth P Dave
- Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacy Practice, L. M. College of Pharmacy, Opp. Gujarat University, Navrangpura, Ahmedabad, Gujarat, 380009, India
| | - Yesha B Shah
- Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacy Practice, L. M. College of Pharmacy, Opp. Gujarat University, Navrangpura, Ahmedabad, Gujarat, 380009, India
| | - Kunal G Maheshwari
- Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacy Practice, L. M. College of Pharmacy, Opp. Gujarat University, Navrangpura, Ahmedabad, Gujarat, 380009, India
| | - Kaif A Mansuri
- Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacy Practice, L. M. College of Pharmacy, Opp. Gujarat University, Navrangpura, Ahmedabad, Gujarat, 380009, India
| | - Bhadrawati S Prajapati
- Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacy Practice, L. M. College of Pharmacy, Opp. Gujarat University, Navrangpura, Ahmedabad, Gujarat, 380009, India
| | - Humzah I Postwala
- Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacy Practice, L. M. College of Pharmacy, Opp. Gujarat University, Navrangpura, Ahmedabad, Gujarat, 380009, India
| | - Mehul R Chorawala
- Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacy Practice, L. M. College of Pharmacy, Opp. Gujarat University, Navrangpura, Ahmedabad, Gujarat, 380009, India.
| |
Collapse
|
34
|
Choudhuri S. Long noncoding RNAs: biogenesis, regulation, function, and their emerging significance in toxicology. Toxicol Mech Methods 2023; 33:541-551. [PMID: 36992569 DOI: 10.1080/15376516.2023.2197489] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2023] [Revised: 03/24/2023] [Accepted: 03/25/2023] [Indexed: 03/31/2023]
Abstract
The repertoire of regulatory noncoding RNAs (ncRNAs) has been enriched by the inclusion of long noncoding RNA (lncRNA) that are longer than 200 nt. Some of the currently known lncRNAs, were reported in the 1990s before the term lncRNA was introduced. These lncRNAs have diverse regulatory functions including regulation of transcription via interactions with proteins and RNAs, chromatin remodeling, translation, posttranslational protein modification, protein trafficking and cell signaling. Predictably, the dysregulation of lncRNA expression due to exposure to toxicants may precipitate adverse health consequences. Dysregulation of lncRNAs has also been implicated in various adverse human health outcomes. There is an increasing agreement that lncRNA expression profiling data needs to be closely examined to determine whether their altered expression can be used as biomarkers of toxicity as well as adverse human health outcomes. This review summarizes the biogenesis, regulation, function of lncRNA and their emerging significance in toxicology and disease conditions. Because our understanding of the lncRNA-toxicity relationship is still evolving, this review discusses this developing field using some examples.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Supratim Choudhuri
- Division of Food Ingredients, Office of Food Additive Safety, U.S. Food and Drug Administration, College Park, MD, USA
| |
Collapse
|
35
|
Ren J, Xu B, Ren J, Liu Z, Cai L, Zhang X, Wang W, Li S, Jin L, Ding L. The Importance of M1-and M2-Polarized Macrophages in Glioma and as Potential Treatment Targets. Brain Sci 2023; 13:1269. [PMID: 37759870 PMCID: PMC10526262 DOI: 10.3390/brainsci13091269] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2023] [Revised: 08/25/2023] [Accepted: 08/30/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Glioma is the most common and malignant tumor of the central nervous system. Glioblastoma (GBM) is the most aggressive glioma, with a poor prognosis and no effective treatment because of its high invasiveness, metabolic rate, and heterogeneity. The tumor microenvironment (TME) contains many tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs), which play a critical role in tumor proliferation, invasion, metastasis, and angiogenesis and indirectly promote an immunosuppressive microenvironment. TAM is divided into tumor-suppressive M1-like (classic activation of macrophages) and tumor-supportive M2-like (alternatively activated macrophages) polarized cells. TAMs exhibit an M1-like phenotype in the initial stages of tumor progression, and along with the promotion of lysing tumors and the functions of T cells and NK cells, tumor growth is suppressed, and they rapidly transform into M2-like polarized macrophages, which promote tumor progression. In this review, we discuss the mechanism by which M1- and M2-polarized macrophages promote or inhibit the growth of glioblastoma and indicate the future directions for treatment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jiangbin Ren
- Department of neurosurgery, The Affiliated Huaian No. 1 People’s Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing Medical University, Huai’an 223000, China; (J.R.); (B.X.); (Z.L.); (L.C.); (X.Z.); (W.W.); (S.L.); (L.J.)
| | - Bangjie Xu
- Department of neurosurgery, The Affiliated Huaian No. 1 People’s Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing Medical University, Huai’an 223000, China; (J.R.); (B.X.); (Z.L.); (L.C.); (X.Z.); (W.W.); (S.L.); (L.J.)
| | - Jianghao Ren
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Shanghai Chest Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai 200030, China;
| | - Zhichao Liu
- Department of neurosurgery, The Affiliated Huaian No. 1 People’s Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing Medical University, Huai’an 223000, China; (J.R.); (B.X.); (Z.L.); (L.C.); (X.Z.); (W.W.); (S.L.); (L.J.)
| | - Lingyu Cai
- Department of neurosurgery, The Affiliated Huaian No. 1 People’s Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing Medical University, Huai’an 223000, China; (J.R.); (B.X.); (Z.L.); (L.C.); (X.Z.); (W.W.); (S.L.); (L.J.)
| | - Xiaotian Zhang
- Department of neurosurgery, The Affiliated Huaian No. 1 People’s Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing Medical University, Huai’an 223000, China; (J.R.); (B.X.); (Z.L.); (L.C.); (X.Z.); (W.W.); (S.L.); (L.J.)
| | - Weijie Wang
- Department of neurosurgery, The Affiliated Huaian No. 1 People’s Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing Medical University, Huai’an 223000, China; (J.R.); (B.X.); (Z.L.); (L.C.); (X.Z.); (W.W.); (S.L.); (L.J.)
| | - Shaoxun Li
- Department of neurosurgery, The Affiliated Huaian No. 1 People’s Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing Medical University, Huai’an 223000, China; (J.R.); (B.X.); (Z.L.); (L.C.); (X.Z.); (W.W.); (S.L.); (L.J.)
| | - Luhao Jin
- Department of neurosurgery, The Affiliated Huaian No. 1 People’s Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing Medical University, Huai’an 223000, China; (J.R.); (B.X.); (Z.L.); (L.C.); (X.Z.); (W.W.); (S.L.); (L.J.)
| | - Lianshu Ding
- Department of neurosurgery, The Affiliated Huaian No. 1 People’s Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing Medical University, Huai’an 223000, China; (J.R.); (B.X.); (Z.L.); (L.C.); (X.Z.); (W.W.); (S.L.); (L.J.)
| |
Collapse
|
36
|
Bhatia S, Singh M, Sharma P, Mujwar S, Singh V, Mishra KK, Singh TG, Singh T, Ahmad SF. Scaffold Morphing and In Silico Design of Potential BACE-1 (β-Secretase) Inhibitors: A Hope for a Newer Dawn in Anti-Alzheimer Therapeutics. Molecules 2023; 28:6032. [PMID: 37630283 PMCID: PMC10459662 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28166032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2023] [Revised: 08/04/2023] [Accepted: 08/08/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is the prime cause of 65-80% of dementia cases and is caused by plaque and tangle deposition in the brain neurons leading to brain cell degeneration. β-secretase (BACE-1) is a key enzyme responsible for depositing extracellular plaques made of β-amyloid protein. Therefore, efforts are being applied to develop novel BACE-1 enzyme inhibitors to halt plaque build-up. In our study, we analyzed some Elenbecestat analogues (a BACE-1 inhibitor currently in clinical trials) using a structure-based drug design and scaffold morphing approach to achieve a superior therapeutic profile, followed by in silico studies, including molecular docking and pharmacokinetics methodologies. Among all the designed compounds, SB306 and SB12 showed good interactions with the catalytic dyad motifs (Asp228 and Asp32) of the BACE-1 enzyme with drug-likeliness properties and a high degree of thermodynamic stability confirmed by the molecular dynamic and stability of the simulated system indicating the inhibitory nature of the SB306 and SB12 on BACE 1.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shiveena Bhatia
- Chitkara College of Pharmacy, Chitkara University, Rajpura 140401, Punjab, India (P.S.); (S.M.); (T.G.S.)
| | - Manjinder Singh
- Chitkara College of Pharmacy, Chitkara University, Rajpura 140401, Punjab, India (P.S.); (S.M.); (T.G.S.)
| | - Pratibha Sharma
- Chitkara College of Pharmacy, Chitkara University, Rajpura 140401, Punjab, India (P.S.); (S.M.); (T.G.S.)
| | - Somdutt Mujwar
- Chitkara College of Pharmacy, Chitkara University, Rajpura 140401, Punjab, India (P.S.); (S.M.); (T.G.S.)
| | - Varinder Singh
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technology, Maharaja Ranjit Singh Punjab Technical University, Bathinda 151001, Punjab, India;
| | - Krishna Kumar Mishra
- Chitkara University Institute of Engineering and Technology, Chitkara University, Rajpura 140401, Punjab, India;
| | - Thakur Gurjeet Singh
- Chitkara College of Pharmacy, Chitkara University, Rajpura 140401, Punjab, India (P.S.); (S.M.); (T.G.S.)
| | - Tanveer Singh
- Department of Neuroscience and Experimental Therapeutics, College of Medicine, Texas A&M Health Science Center, College Station, TX 77807, USA
| | - Sheikh Fayaz Ahmad
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia;
| |
Collapse
|
37
|
Sang JW, Du P, Xia D, Zhang Y, Wang J, Zhang WD. EnT-Mediated Amino-Sulfonylation of Alkenes with Bifunctional Sulfonamides: Access to β-Amino Sulfone Derivatives. Chemistry 2023; 29:e202301392. [PMID: 37218305 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202301392] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2023] [Revised: 05/21/2023] [Accepted: 05/22/2023] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
β-Amino sulfones are commonly found structural motifs in biologically active compounds. Herein, we report a direct photocatalyzed amino-sulfonylation reaction of alkenes for the efficicient production of important compounds by simple hydrolysis without the need for additional oxidants and reductants. In this transformation, the sulfonamides worked as bifunctional reagents, simultaneously generating sulfonyl radicals and N-centered radicals which were added to alkene in a highly atom-economical fashion with high regioselectivity and diastereoselectivity. This approach showed high functional group tolerance and compatibility, facilitating the late-stage modification of some bioactive alkenes and sulfonamide molecules, thereby expanding the biologically relevant chemical space. Scaling up this reaction led to an efficient green synthesis of apremilast, one of the best-selling pharmceuticals, demonstrating the synthetic utility of the applied method. Moreover, mechanistic investigations suggest that an energy transfer (EnT) process was in operation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ji-Wei Sang
- Department of Phytochemistry, School of Pharmacy, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, 200433, China
- Department School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang, Henan, 453007, China
| | - Peiyu Du
- Department of Phytochemistry, School of Pharmacy, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, 200433, China
- Department School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang, Henan, 453007, China
| | - Dingding Xia
- Department of Phytochemistry, School of Pharmacy, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, 200433, China
- Department School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang, Henan, 453007, China
| | - Yu Zhang
- Shanghai Frontiers Science Center for Chinese Medicine Chemical Biology, Institute of Interdisciplinary Integrative Medicine Research, Shanghai, University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, No. 1200, Cailun Road, Shanghai, 201203, China
| | - Jinxin Wang
- Department of Phytochemistry, School of Pharmacy, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, 200433, China
| | - Wei-Dong Zhang
- Department of Phytochemistry, School of Pharmacy, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, 200433, China
- Department School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang, Henan, 453007, China
- Shanghai Frontiers Science Center for Chinese Medicine Chemical Biology, Institute of Interdisciplinary Integrative Medicine Research, Shanghai, University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, No. 1200, Cailun Road, Shanghai, 201203, China
| |
Collapse
|
38
|
Fares S, El Husseiny WM, Selim KB, Massoud MAM. Modified Tacrine Derivatives as Multitarget-Directed Ligands for the Treatment of Alzheimer's Disease: Synthesis, Biological Evaluation, and Molecular Modeling Study. ACS OMEGA 2023; 8:26012-26034. [PMID: 37521639 PMCID: PMC10373466 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.3c02051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2023] [Accepted: 06/27/2023] [Indexed: 08/01/2023]
Abstract
To develop multitarget-directed ligands (MTDLs) as potential treatments for Alzheimer's disease (AD) and to shed light on the effect of the chromene group in designing these ligands, 35 new tacrine-chromene derivatives were designed, synthesized, and biologically evaluated. Compounds 5c and 5d exhibited the most desirable multiple functions for AD; they were strong hAChE inhibitors with IC50 values of 0.44 and 0.25 μM, respectively. Besides, their potent BuChE inhibitory activity was 10- and 5-fold more active than rivastigmine with IC50 = 0.08 and 0.14 μM, respectively. Moreover, they could bind to the peripheral anionic site (PAS), influencing Aβ aggregation and decreasing Aβ-related neurodegeneration, especially compound 5d, which was 8 times more effective than curcumin with IC50 = 0.74 μM and 76% inhibition at 10 μM. Compounds 5c and 5d showed strong BACE-1 inhibition at the submicromolar level with IC50 = 0.38 and 0.44 μM, respectively, which almost doubled the activity of curcumin. They also showed single-digit micromolar inhibitory activity against MAO-B with IC50 = 5.15 and 2.42 μM, respectively. They also had antioxidant activities and showed satisfactory metal-chelating properties toward Fe+2, Zn+2, and Cu+2, inhibiting oxidative stress in AD brains. Furthermore, compounds 5c and 5d showed acceptable relative safety upon normal cells SH-SY5Y and HepG2. It was shown that 5c and 5d were blood-brain barrier (BBB) penetrants by online prediction. Taken together, these multifunctional properties highlight that compounds 5c and 5d can serve as promising candidates for the further development of multifunctional drugs against AD.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Salma Fares
- Department
of Pharmaceutical Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mansoura University, Mansoura 35516, Egypt
- Department
of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Delta University
For science and Technology, Gamasa 11152, Egypt
| | - Walaa M. El Husseiny
- Department
of Pharmaceutical Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mansoura University, Mansoura 35516, Egypt
| | - Khalid B. Selim
- Department
of Pharmaceutical Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mansoura University, Mansoura 35516, Egypt
| | - Mohammed A. M. Massoud
- Department
of Pharmaceutical Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mansoura University, Mansoura 35516, Egypt
| |
Collapse
|
39
|
Nouri Nojadeh J, Bildiren Eryilmaz NS, Ergüder BI. CRISPR/Cas9 genome editing for neurodegenerative diseases. EXCLI JOURNAL 2023; 22:567-582. [PMID: 37636024 PMCID: PMC10450213 DOI: 10.17179/excli2023-6155] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2023] [Accepted: 06/29/2023] [Indexed: 08/29/2023]
Abstract
Gene therapy has emerged as a promising therapeutic strategy for various conditions, including blood disorders, ocular disease, cancer, and nervous system disorders. The advent of gene editing techniques has facilitated the ability of researchers to specifically target and modify the eukaryotic cell genome, making it a valuable tool for gene therapy. This can be performed through either in vivo or ex vivo approaches. Gene editing tools, such as zinc finger nucleases, transcription activator-like effector nucleases, and CRISPR-Cas-associated nucleases, can be employed for gene therapy purposes. Among these tools, CRISPR-Cas-based gene editing stands out because of its ability to introduce heritable genome changes by designing short guide RNAs. This review aims to provide an overview of CRISPR-Cas technology and summarizes the latest research on the application of CRISPR/Cas9 genome editing technology for the treatment of the most prevalent neurodegenerative diseases including Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, Huntington's disease, Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, and Spinocerebellar ataxia.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jafar Nouri Nojadeh
- Ankara University Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Biochemistry, Ankara, Turkey
- The Graduate School of Health Sciences of Ankara University, Ankara, Turkey
| | | | - Berrin Imge Ergüder
- Ankara University Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Biochemistry, Ankara, Turkey
- The Graduate School of Health Sciences of Ankara University, Ankara, Turkey
| |
Collapse
|
40
|
Boldin R, Zychar BC, Gonçalves LRC, Sciani JM. Design, in silico and pharmacological evaluation of a peptide inhibitor of BACE-1. Front Pharmacol 2023; 14:1184006. [PMID: 37397495 PMCID: PMC10313070 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2023.1184006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2023] [Accepted: 05/30/2023] [Indexed: 07/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction: Alzheimer's disease (AD) is the main type of dementia, caused by the accumulation of amyloid plaques, formed by amyloid peptides after being processed from amyloid precursor protein (APP) by γ- and ß-secretases (BACE-1). Although amyloid peptides have been well established for AD, they have been found in other neurodegenerative diseases, such as Parkinson's disease, Lewy body dementia, and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. Inhibitors of BACE-1 have been searched and developed, but clinical trials failed due to lack of efficacy or toxicity. Nevertheless, it is still considered a good therapeutic target, as it was proven to remove amyloid peptides and improve memory. Methods: In this work, we designed a peptide based on a sequence obtained from the marine fish Merluccius productus and evaluated it by molecular docking to verify its binding to BACE-1, which was tested experimentally by enzymatic kinetics and cell culture assays. The peptide was injected in healthy mice to study its pharmacokinetics and toxicity. Results: We could obtain a new sequence in which the first N-terminal amino acids and the last one bound to the catalytic site of BACE-1 and showed high stability and hydrophobicity. The synthetic peptide showed a competitive inhibition of BACE-1 and Ki = 94 nM, and when injected in differentiated neurons, it could reduce Aβ42o production. In plasma, its half-life is ∼1 h, clearance is 0.0015 μg/L/h, and Vss is 0.0015 μg/L/h. The peptide was found in the spleen and liver 30 min after injection and reduced its level after that, when it was quantified in the kidneys, indicating its fast distribution and urinary excretion. Interestingly, the peptide was found in the brain 2 h after its administration. Histological analysis showed no morphological alteration in any organ, as well as the absence of inflammatory cells, indicating a lack of toxicity. Discussion: We obtained a new BACE-1 inhibitor peptide with fast distribution to the tissues, without accumulation in any organ, but found in the brain, with the possibility to reach its molecular target, BACE-1, contributing to the reduction in the amyloid peptide, which causes amyloid-linked neurodegenerative diseases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Renata Boldin
- Unidade de Farmacologia e Gastroenterologia (UNIFAG), Universidade São Francisco, Bragança Paulista, São Paulo, Brazil
- Laboratório de Farmacologia Molecular e Compostos Bioativos, Universidade São Francisco, Bragança Paulista, São Paulo, Brazil
| | | | | | - Juliana Mozer Sciani
- Laboratório de Farmacologia Molecular e Compostos Bioativos, Universidade São Francisco, Bragança Paulista, São Paulo, Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
41
|
Khan A, Park JS, Kang MH, Lee HJ, Ali J, Tahir M, Choe K, Kim MO. Caffeic Acid, a Polyphenolic Micronutrient Rescues Mice Brains against Aβ-Induced Neurodegeneration and Memory Impairment. Antioxidants (Basel) 2023; 12:1284. [PMID: 37372012 DOI: 10.3390/antiox12061284] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2023] [Revised: 06/08/2023] [Accepted: 06/12/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Oxidative stress plays an important role in cognitive dysfunctions and is seen in neurodegeneration and Alzheimer's disease (AD). It has been reported that the polyphenolic compound caffeic acid possesses strong neuroprotective and antioxidant effects. The current study was conducted to investigate the therapeutic potential of caffeic acid against amyloid beta (Aβ1-42)-induced oxidative stress and memory impairments. Aβ1-42 (5 μL/5 min/mouse) was administered intracerebroventricularly (ICV) into wild-type adult mice to induce AD-like pathological changes. Caffeic acid was administered orally at 50 mg/kg/day for two weeks to AD mice. Y-maze and Morris water maze (MWM) behavior tests were conducted to assess memory and cognitive abilities. Western blot and immunofluorescence analyses were used for the biochemical analyses. The behavioral results indicated that caffeic acid administration improved spatial learning, memory, and cognitive abilities in AD mice. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) and lipid peroxidation (LPO) assays were performed and showed that the levels of ROS and LPO were markedly reduced in the caffeic acid-treated mice, as compared to Aβ-induced AD mice brains. Moreover, the expression of nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) and heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) were regulated with the administration of caffeic acid, compared to the Aβ-injected mice. Next, we checked the expression of ionized calcium-binding adaptor molecule 1 (Iba-1), glial fibrillary acidic proteins (GFAP), and other inflammatory markers in the experimental mice, which suggested enhanced expression of these markers in AD mice brains, and were reduced with caffeic acid treatment. Furthermore, caffeic acid enhanced synaptic markers in the AD mice model. Additionally, caffeic acid treatment also decreased Aβ and BACE-1 expression in the Aβ-induced AD mice model.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Amjad Khan
- Division of Life Science and Applied Life Science (BK21 FOUR), College of Natural Sciences, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52828, Republic of Korea
| | - Jun Sung Park
- Division of Life Science and Applied Life Science (BK21 FOUR), College of Natural Sciences, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52828, Republic of Korea
| | - Min Hwa Kang
- Division of Life Science and Applied Life Science (BK21 FOUR), College of Natural Sciences, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52828, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyeon Jin Lee
- Division of Life Science and Applied Life Science (BK21 FOUR), College of Natural Sciences, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52828, Republic of Korea
| | - Jawad Ali
- Division of Life Science and Applied Life Science (BK21 FOUR), College of Natural Sciences, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52828, Republic of Korea
| | - Muhammad Tahir
- Division of Life Science and Applied Life Science (BK21 FOUR), College of Natural Sciences, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52828, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyonghwan Choe
- Division of Life Science and Applied Life Science (BK21 FOUR), College of Natural Sciences, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52828, Republic of Korea
- Department of Psychiatry and Neuropsychology, School for Mental Health and Neuroscience (MHeNs), Maastricht University, 6229ER Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Myeong Ok Kim
- Division of Life Science and Applied Life Science (BK21 FOUR), College of Natural Sciences, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52828, Republic of Korea
- Alz-Dementia Korea Co., Jinju 52828, Republic of Korea
| |
Collapse
|
42
|
Zhou J, Singh N, Galske J, Hudobenko J, Hu X, Yan R. BACE1 regulates expression of Clusterin in astrocytes for enhancing clearance of β-amyloid peptides. Mol Neurodegener 2023; 18:31. [PMID: 37143090 PMCID: PMC10161466 DOI: 10.1186/s13024-023-00611-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2023] [Accepted: 03/07/2023] [Indexed: 05/06/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Abnormal accumulation of amyloid beta peptide (Aβ) in the brain induces a cascade of pathological changes in Alzheimer's disease (AD), and inhibiting BACE1, which is required for Aβ generation, is therefore being explored for the treatment of AD by reducing Aβ accumulation. As Bace1 knockout mice exhibit increased number of reactive astrocytes and AD brains have reactive astrocytes that surround amyloid plaques, we investigated the role of BACE1 in astrocytes and determined whether BACE1 regulates astrocytic functions. METHODS We conducted unbiased single cell RNA-seq (scRNA-seq) using purified astrocytes from Bace1 KO mice and wild type control littermates. Similar scRNA-seq was also conducted using AD mice with conditional deletion of Bace1 in the adult stage (5xFAD;Bace1fl/fl;UBC-creER compared to 5xFAD;Bace1fl/fl controls). We compared the transcriptomes of astrocyte and reactive astrocyte clusters and identified several differentially expressed genes, which were further validated using Bace1 KO astrocyte cultures. Mice with astrocyte-specific Bace1 knockout in 5xFAD background were used to compare amyloid deposition. Mechanistic studies using cultured astrocytes were used to identify BACE1 substrates for changes in gene expression and signaling activity. RESULTS Among altered genes, Clusterin (Clu) and Cxcl14 were significantly upregulated and validated by measuring protein levels. Moreover, BACE1 deficiency enhanced both astrocytic Aβ uptake and degradation, and this effect was significantly attenuated by siRNA knockdown of Clu. Mechanistic study suggests that BACE1 deficiency abolishes cleavage of astrocytic insulin receptors (IR), and this may enhance expression of Clu and Cxcl14. Acutely isolated astrocytes from astrocyte-specific knockout of Bace1 mice (Bace1 fl/fl;Gfap-cre) show similar increases in CLU and IR. Furthermore, astrocyte-specific knockout of Bace1 in a 5xFAD background resulted in a significant attenuation in cortical Aβ plaque load through enhanced clearance. CONCLUSION Together, our study suggests that BACE1 in astrocytes regulates expression of Clu and Cxcl14, likely via the control of insulin receptor pathway, and inhibition of astrocytic BACE1 is a potential alternative strategy for enhancing Aβ clearance.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- John Zhou
- Department of Neuroscience, UConn Health, 263 Farmington Avenue, Farmington, CT, 06030-3401, USA
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Cleveland Clinic Lerner College of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, 44195, United States
- Department of Neuroscience, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, 44195, United States
| | - Neeraj Singh
- Department of Neuroscience, UConn Health, 263 Farmington Avenue, Farmington, CT, 06030-3401, USA
| | - James Galske
- Department of Neuroscience, UConn Health, 263 Farmington Avenue, Farmington, CT, 06030-3401, USA
| | - Jacob Hudobenko
- Department of Neuroscience, UConn Health, 263 Farmington Avenue, Farmington, CT, 06030-3401, USA
| | - Xiangyou Hu
- Department of Neuroscience, UConn Health, 263 Farmington Avenue, Farmington, CT, 06030-3401, USA
| | - Riqiang Yan
- Department of Neuroscience, UConn Health, 263 Farmington Avenue, Farmington, CT, 06030-3401, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
43
|
Chen L, Wang L, Zhou GF, Liu Y, Chen X, Xie XY, Wen QX, Li CL, Yang J, Chen GJ. TNIP2 inhibits amyloidogenesis by regulating the 3'UTR of BACE1: an in vitro study. Neurosci Lett 2023; 808:137265. [PMID: 37085111 DOI: 10.1016/j.neulet.2023.137265] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2023] [Revised: 04/15/2023] [Accepted: 04/17/2023] [Indexed: 04/23/2023]
Abstract
TNFAIP3-interacting protein 2 (TNIP2) is known as a negative regulator of NF-κB signaling and inhibit inflammatory response and apoptosis, and is also involved in RNA metabolism. In this study, we investigated the potential role of TNIP2 in amyloidogenesis critically associated with Alzheimer's disease (AD). We found a significant decline of TNIP2 protein level in both mouse and cell model of AD. In SH-SY5Y and HEK cells that stably express human full-length APP695 (SY5Y-APP and HEK-APP), TNIP2 overexpression decreased the protein levels of β-secretase (BACE1) and C99, as well as Aβ peptides (including Aβ40 and Aβ42), while those of α-secretase (ADAM10) and the related C83 remained unchanged. We further found that TNIP2 promoted the degradation of BACE1 mRNA and was able to bound to the 3' untranslated region (3'UTR) with the reduced luciferase activity. These results indicated that TNIP2 effectively inhibited amyloidogenic processing by regulating the 3'UTR-associated mRNA decay of BACE1.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Long Chen
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Neurology, 1 Youyi Road, Chongqing 400016, China
| | - Lu Wang
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Neurology, 1 Youyi Road, Chongqing 400016, China
| | - Gui-Feng Zhou
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Neurology, 1 Youyi Road, Chongqing 400016, China
| | - Yue Liu
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Neurology, 1 Youyi Road, Chongqing 400016, China
| | - Xue Chen
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Neurology, 1 Youyi Road, Chongqing 400016, China
| | - Xiao-Yong Xie
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Neurology, 1 Youyi Road, Chongqing 400016, China
| | - Qi-Xin Wen
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Neurology, 1 Youyi Road, Chongqing 400016, China
| | - Chen-Lu Li
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Neurology, 1 Youyi Road, Chongqing 400016, China
| | - Jie Yang
- Affiliated Sichuan Provincial Rehabilitation Hospital of Chengdu University of TCM, 81 Bayi Road, Wenjiang District, Sichuan Province, 611135, China
| | - Guo-Jun Chen
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Neurology, 1 Youyi Road, Chongqing 400016, China.
| |
Collapse
|
44
|
Kaur R, Narang SS, Singh P, Goyal B. Structural and molecular insights into tacrine-benzofuran hybrid induced inhibition of amyloid-β peptide aggregation and BACE1 activity. J Biomol Struct Dyn 2023; 41:13211-13227. [PMID: 37013977 DOI: 10.1080/07391102.2023.2191722] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2022] [Accepted: 01/16/2023] [Indexed: 04/05/2023]
Abstract
Amyloid-β (Aβ) aggregation and β-amyloid precursor protein cleaving enzyme 1 (BACE1) are the potential therapeutic drug targets for Alzheimer's disease (AD). A recent study highlighted that tacrine-benzofuran hybrid C1 displayed anti-aggregation activity against Aβ42 peptide and inhibit BACE1 activity. However, the inhibition mechanism of C1 against Aβ42 aggregation and BACE1 activity remains unclear. Thus, molecular dynamics (MD) simulations of Aβ42 monomer and BACE1 with and without C1 were performed to inspect the inhibitory mechanism of C1 against Aβ42 aggregation and BACE1 activity. In addition, a ligand-based virtual screening followed by MD simulations was employed to explore potent new small-molecule dual inhibitors of Aβ42 aggregation and BACE1 activity. MD simulations highlighted that C1 promotes the non aggregating helical conformation in Aβ42 and destabilizes D23-K28 salt bridge that plays a vital role in the self-aggregation of Aβ42. C1 displays a favourable binding free energy (-50.7 ± 7.3 kcal/mol) with Aβ42 monomer and preferentially binds to the central hydrophobic core (CHC) residues. MD simulations highlighted that C1 strongly interacted with the BACE1 active site (Asp32 and Asp228) and active pockets. The scrutiny of interatomic distances among key residues of BACE1 highlighted the close flap (non-active) position in BACE1 on the incorporation of C1. The MD simulations explain the observed high inhibitory activity of C1 against Aβ aggregation and BACE1 in the in vitro studies. The ligand-based virtual screening followed by MD simulations identified CHEMBL2019027 (C2) as a promising dual inhibitor of Aβ42 aggregation and BACE1 activity.Communicated by Ramaswamy H. Sarma.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rajdeep Kaur
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Basic and Applied Sciences, Sri Guru Granth Sahib World University, Fatehgarh Sahib, Punjab, India
| | - Simranjeet Singh Narang
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Basic and Applied Sciences, Sri Guru Granth Sahib World University, Fatehgarh Sahib, Punjab, India
| | - Pritpal Singh
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Basic and Applied Sciences, Sri Guru Granth Sahib World University, Fatehgarh Sahib, Punjab, India
| | - Bhupesh Goyal
- School of Chemistry & Biochemistry, Thapar Institute of Engineering & Technology, Patiala, Punjab, India
| |
Collapse
|
45
|
Liu A, Hefley B, Escandon P, Nicholas SE, Karamichos D. Salivary Exosomes in Health and Disease: Future Prospects in the Eye. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24076363. [PMID: 37047335 PMCID: PMC10094317 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24076363] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2023] [Revised: 03/21/2023] [Accepted: 03/24/2023] [Indexed: 03/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Exosomes are a group of vesicles that package and transport DNA, RNA, proteins, and lipids to recipient cells. They can be derived from blood, saliva, urine, and/or other biological tissues. Their impact on several diseases, such as neurodegenerative, autoimmune, and ocular diseases, have been reported, but not fully unraveled. The exosomes that are derived from saliva are less studied, but offer significant advantages over exosomes from other sources, due to their accessibility and ease of collection. Thus, their role in the pathophysiology of diseases is largely unknown. In the context of ocular diseases, salivary exosomes have been under-utilized, thus creating an enormous gap in the literature. The current review discusses the state of exosomes research on systemic and ocular diseases and highlights the role and potential of salivary exosomes as future ocular therapeutic vehicles.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Angela Liu
- Texas College of Osteopathic Medicine, University of North Texas Health Science Center, 3500 Camp Bowie Blvd., Fort Worth, TX 76107, USA
- North Texas Eye Research Institute, University of North Texas Health Science Center, 3430 Camp Bowie Blvd., Fort Worth, TX 76107, USA
| | - Brenna Hefley
- North Texas Eye Research Institute, University of North Texas Health Science Center, 3430 Camp Bowie Blvd., Fort Worth, TX 76107, USA
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of North Texas Health Science Center, 3500 Camp Bowie Blvd., Fort Worth, TX 76107, USA
| | - Paulina Escandon
- North Texas Eye Research Institute, University of North Texas Health Science Center, 3430 Camp Bowie Blvd., Fort Worth, TX 76107, USA
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of North Texas Health Science Center, 3500 Camp Bowie Blvd., Fort Worth, TX 76107, USA
| | - Sarah E. Nicholas
- North Texas Eye Research Institute, University of North Texas Health Science Center, 3430 Camp Bowie Blvd., Fort Worth, TX 76107, USA
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of North Texas Health Science Center, 3500 Camp Bowie Blvd., Fort Worth, TX 76107, USA
| | - Dimitrios Karamichos
- North Texas Eye Research Institute, University of North Texas Health Science Center, 3430 Camp Bowie Blvd., Fort Worth, TX 76107, USA
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of North Texas Health Science Center, 3500 Camp Bowie Blvd., Fort Worth, TX 76107, USA
- Department of Pharmacology and Neuroscience, University of North Texas Health Science Center, 3500 Camp Bowie Blvd., Fort Worth, TX 76107, USA
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +1-817-735-2101
| |
Collapse
|
46
|
Benoit MR, Darboe M, Das B, Ge Y, Zhou J, Yao A, He W, Yan R, Hu X. Postnatal neuronal Bace1 deletion impairs neuroblast and oligodendrocyte maturation. Hum Mol Genet 2023; 32:1193-1207. [PMID: 36370042 PMCID: PMC10026251 DOI: 10.1093/hmg/ddac282] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2022] [Revised: 11/01/2022] [Accepted: 11/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Beta amyloid cleaving enzyme 1 (BACE1) is largely expressed by neurons and is the sole β-secretase for initiating the production of neuronal β-amyloid peptides (Aβ). To fully understand the physiological functions of neuronal BACE1, we used mouse genetic approach coupled with unbiased single nucleus RNA sequencing (snRNAseq) to investigate how targeted deletion of Bace1 in neurons, driven by Thy-1-Cre recombinase, would affect functions in the nervous system. Our transcriptome results revealed that BACE1 is essential for maturation of neural precursor cells and oligodendrocytes in mice. RNA velocity analysis confirmed deficit in the trajectory of neuroblasts in reaching the immature granule neuron state in young Bace1fl/fl; Thy1-cre mice. Further analysis of differential gene expression indicated changes in genes important for SNARE signaling, tight junction signaling, synaptogenesis and insulin secretion pathways. Morphological studies revealed a hypomyelination in Bace1fl/fl;Thy1-cre sciatic nerves, but no detectable myelination changes in the corpus callosum, despite clear reduction in myelination proteins in the brain. Functional studies showed reduction in long-term potential, defects in synaptogenesis and learning behavioral. Altogether, our results show that neuronal BACE1 is critical for optimal development of central and peripheral nervous system, and inhibition of neuronal BACE1 will result in deficits in synaptic functions and cognitive behaviors.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Marc R Benoit
- Department of Neuroscience, University of Connecticut Health Center, Farmington, CT 06030, USA
| | - Mabintou Darboe
- Department of Neuroscience, University of Connecticut Health Center, Farmington, CT 06030, USA
| | - Brati Das
- Department of Neuroscience, University of Connecticut Health Center, Farmington, CT 06030, USA
| | - Yingying Ge
- Department of Neuroscience, University of Connecticut Health Center, Farmington, CT 06030, USA
| | - John Zhou
- Department of Neuroscience, University of Connecticut Health Center, Farmington, CT 06030, USA
| | - Annie Yao
- Department of Neuroscience, University of Connecticut Health Center, Farmington, CT 06030, USA
| | - Wanxia He
- Department of Neuroscience, University of Connecticut Health Center, Farmington, CT 06030, USA
| | - Riqiang Yan
- Department of Neuroscience, University of Connecticut Health Center, Farmington, CT 06030, USA
| | - Xiangyou Hu
- Department of Neuroscience, University of Connecticut Health Center, Farmington, CT 06030, USA
| |
Collapse
|
47
|
Luo XL, Li SS, Jiang YS, Liu F, Li SH, Xia PJ. Photocatalytic 1,2-Iminosulfonylation and Remote 1,6-Iminosulfonylation of Olefins. Org Lett 2023; 25:1742-1747. [PMID: 36883883 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.3c00437] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/09/2023]
Abstract
A new class of iminosulfonylation reagents were developed and extensively used in the 1,2-iminosulfonylation of various olefins. Olefins containing bioactive molecules, such as indomethacin, gemfibrozil, clofibrate, and fenbufen, afforded the desired iminosulfonylation products in synthetically useful yields. Furthermore, the first remote 1,6-iminosulfonylation of alkenes was realized by using oxime ester bifunctionalization reagents. Overall, more than 40 structurally diverse β-imine sulfones were obtained in moderate to excellent yields.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xue-Ling Luo
- School of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, State Key Laboratory for Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Medicinal Resources, Guangxi Normal University, Guilin 541004, P. R. China
| | - Shan-Shan Li
- School of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, State Key Laboratory for Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Medicinal Resources, Guangxi Normal University, Guilin 541004, P. R. China
| | - Yu-Shi Jiang
- School of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, State Key Laboratory for Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Medicinal Resources, Guangxi Normal University, Guilin 541004, P. R. China
| | - Fu Liu
- School of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, State Key Laboratory for Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Medicinal Resources, Guangxi Normal University, Guilin 541004, P. R. China
| | - Shu-Hui Li
- School of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, State Key Laboratory for Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Medicinal Resources, Guangxi Normal University, Guilin 541004, P. R. China
| | - Peng-Ju Xia
- School of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, State Key Laboratory for Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Medicinal Resources, Guangxi Normal University, Guilin 541004, P. R. China
| |
Collapse
|
48
|
Tautou M, Descamps F, Larchanché PE, Buée L, El Bakali J, Melnyk P, Sergeant N. A Polyaminobiaryl-Based β-secretase Modulator Alleviates Cognitive Impairments, Amyloid Load, Astrogliosis, and Neuroinflammation in APPSwe/PSEN1ΔE9 Mice Model of Amyloid Pathology. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24065285. [PMID: 36982363 PMCID: PMC10048993 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24065285] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2022] [Revised: 02/03/2023] [Accepted: 02/15/2023] [Indexed: 03/12/2023] Open
Abstract
The progress in Alzheimer’s disease (AD) treatment suggests a combined therapeutic approach targeting the two lesional processes of AD, which include amyloid plaques made of toxic Aβ species and neurofibrillary tangles formed of aggregates of abnormally modified Tau proteins. A pharmacophoric design, novel drug synthesis, and structure-activity relationship enabled the selection of a polyamino biaryl PEL24-199 compound. The pharmacologic activity consists of a non-competitive β-secretase (BACE1) modulatory activity in cells. Curative treatment of the Thy-Tau22 model of Tau pathology restores short-term spatial memory, decreases neurofibrillary degeneration, and alleviates astrogliosis and neuroinflammatory reactions. Modulatory effects of PEL24-199 towards APP catalytic byproducts are described in vitro, but whether PEL24-199 can alleviate the Aβ plaque load and associated inflammatory counterparts in vivo remains to be elucidated. We investigated short- and long-term spatial memory, Aβ plaque load, and inflammatory processes in APPSwe/PSEN1ΔE9 PEL24-199 treated transgenic model of amyloid pathology to achieve this objective. PEL24-199 curative treatment induced the recovery of spatial memory and decreased the amyloid plaque load in association with decreased astrogliosis and neuroinflammation. The present results underline the synthesis and selection of a promising polyaminobiaryl-based drug that modulates both Tau and, in this case, APP pathology in vivo via a neuroinflammatory-dependent process.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Marie Tautou
- Univ. Lille, Inserm, CHU Lille, UMRS1172—LilNCog—Lille Neuroscience & Cognition, 59000 Lille, France
| | - Florian Descamps
- Univ. Lille, Inserm, CHU Lille, UMRS1172—LilNCog—Lille Neuroscience & Cognition, 59000 Lille, France
| | - Paul-Emmanuel Larchanché
- Univ. Lille, Inserm, CHU Lille, UMRS1172—LilNCog—Lille Neuroscience & Cognition, 59000 Lille, France
| | - Luc Buée
- Univ. Lille, Inserm, CHU Lille, UMRS1172—LilNCog—Lille Neuroscience & Cognition, 59000 Lille, France
- Alzheimer & Tauopathies, LabEx DISTALZ, 59045 Lille, France
| | - Jamal El Bakali
- Univ. Lille, Inserm, CHU Lille, UMRS1172—LilNCog—Lille Neuroscience & Cognition, 59000 Lille, France
| | - Patricia Melnyk
- Univ. Lille, Inserm, CHU Lille, UMRS1172—LilNCog—Lille Neuroscience & Cognition, 59000 Lille, France
- Correspondence: (P.M.); (N.S.); Tel.: +33-663101728 (N.S.)
| | - Nicolas Sergeant
- Univ. Lille, Inserm, CHU Lille, UMRS1172—LilNCog—Lille Neuroscience & Cognition, 59000 Lille, France
- Alzheimer & Tauopathies, LabEx DISTALZ, 59045 Lille, France
- Correspondence: (P.M.); (N.S.); Tel.: +33-663101728 (N.S.)
| |
Collapse
|
49
|
Design, synthesis, and biological evaluation of novel N-Benzyl piperidine derivatives as potent HDAC/AChE inhibitors for Alzheimer's disease. Bioorg Med Chem 2023; 80:117178. [PMID: 36706609 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2023.117178] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2022] [Revised: 01/14/2023] [Accepted: 01/16/2023] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
The multitarget-directed ligands approach represents a potential strategy to provide effective treatments for Alzheimer's disease (AD) given its multifactorial pathology. Herein, a series of N-benzyl piperidine derivatives were designed, synthesized, and biologically characterized for dual inhibitions of histone deacetylase (HDAC) and acetylcholinesterase (AChE). Among the compounds tested, d5 and d10 exhibited dual enzyme inhibitions (d5: HDACIC50 = 0.17 μM, AChEIC50 = 6.89 μM, d10: HDACIC50 = 0.45 μM, AChEIC50 = 3.22 μM), and both compounds showed activities on scavenging free radical, metal chelating, and inhibiting Aβ aggregations. More importantly, both compounds exhibited promising neuroprotective activities in PC-12 cells and good AChE selectivity. Collectively, the multifunctional profiles of compound d5 and d10 encourage further optimization and exploration to develop more potent analogues as potential treatments for AD.
Collapse
|
50
|
Galzitskaya OV, Grishin SY, Glyakina AV, Dovidchenko NV, Konstantinova AV, Kravchenko SV, Surin AK. The Strategies of Development of New Non-Toxic Inhibitors of Amyloid Formation. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:3781. [PMID: 36835194 PMCID: PMC9964835 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24043781] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2022] [Revised: 02/08/2023] [Accepted: 02/10/2023] [Indexed: 02/16/2023] Open
Abstract
In recent years, due to the aging of the population and the development of diagnostic medicine, the number of identified diseases associated with the accumulation of amyloid proteins has increased. Some of these proteins are known to cause a number of degenerative diseases in humans, such as amyloid-beta (Aβ) in Alzheimer's disease (AD), α-synuclein in Parkinson's disease (PD), and insulin and its analogues in insulin-derived amyloidosis. In this regard, it is important to develop strategies for the search and development of effective inhibitors of amyloid formation. Many studies have been carried out aimed at elucidating the mechanisms of amyloid aggregation of proteins and peptides. This review focuses on three amyloidogenic peptides and proteins-Aβ, α-synuclein, and insulin-for which we will consider amyloid fibril formation mechanisms and analyze existing and prospective strategies for the development of effective and non-toxic inhibitors of amyloid formation. The development of non-toxic inhibitors of amyloid will allow them to be used more effectively for the treatment of diseases associated with amyloid.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Oxana V. Galzitskaya
- Institute of Protein Research, Russian Academy of Sciences, 142290 Pushchino, Russia
- Institute of Theoretical and Experimental Biophysics, Russian Academy of Sciences, 142290 Pushchino, Russia
| | - Sergei Y. Grishin
- Institute of Protein Research, Russian Academy of Sciences, 142290 Pushchino, Russia
- Institute of Environmental and Agricultural Biology (X-BIO), Tyumen State University, 625003 Tyumen, Russia
| | - Anna V. Glyakina
- Institute of Protein Research, Russian Academy of Sciences, 142290 Pushchino, Russia
- Institute of Mathematical Problems of Biology RAS, The Branch of Keldysh Institute of Applied Mathematics, Russian Academy of Sciences, 142290 Pushchino, Russia
| | - Nikita V. Dovidchenko
- Institute of Protein Research, Russian Academy of Sciences, 142290 Pushchino, Russia
| | - Anastasiia V. Konstantinova
- Institute of Protein Research, Russian Academy of Sciences, 142290 Pushchino, Russia
- Faculty of Biotechnology, Lomonosov Moscow State University, 119991 Moscow, Russia
| | - Sergey V. Kravchenko
- Institute of Environmental and Agricultural Biology (X-BIO), Tyumen State University, 625003 Tyumen, Russia
| | - Alexey K. Surin
- Institute of Protein Research, Russian Academy of Sciences, 142290 Pushchino, Russia
- The Branch of the Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, 142290 Pushchino, Russia
- State Research Center for Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology, 142279 Obolensk, Russia
| |
Collapse
|