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Guo C, Liu S, Di L, Tang S. The impact of bacillus pumilus TS2 isolated from yaks on growth performance, gut microbial community, antioxidant activity, and cytokines related to immunity and inflammation in broilers. Front Vet Sci 2024; 11:1383262. [PMID: 38737458 PMCID: PMC11082403 DOI: 10.3389/fvets.2024.1383262] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2024] [Accepted: 04/17/2024] [Indexed: 05/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Intensive poultry farming faces challenges like gut inflammation in the absence of antibiotics, resulting in reduced productivity, heightened susceptibility to enteric diseases, and other complications. Alternative strategies are needed to manage inflammation and maintain sustainable poultry production. Yaks living in high-altitude hypoxic environments have specialized gut microbes. However, yak probiotics remain largely uncharacterized. We previously isolated a strain of Bacillus pumilus (named TS2) from yaks and demonstrated its potential as a probiotic in vitro. Therefore, in this study, we evaluated the in vivo growth-promoting, antioxidant, immune, and anti-inflammatory effects of Bacillus pumilus isolated from yaks in broilers. We demonstrated the safety of TS2 isolated from yaks in broilers. Furthermore, we found that TS2 increased the average daily weight gain (ADWG) and reduced the feed conversion ratio (FCR). Supplementation with TS2 also improved the mucosal morphology, the ratio of villi to crypt cells, and enzyme activity. High-throughput sequencing showed that the abundance of Lactobacillus was higher in the TS2 treated broilers. Importantly, the serum level of malondialdehyde (MDA) was reduced and the levels of total antioxidant capacity (T-AOC) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity were increased in the low-dose TS2 group, while the inflammatory factors interleukin-1β (IL-1β), interleukin-6 (IL-6) and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) were downregulated compared with the control group. We demonstrated that TS2 supplementation can increase the overall growth performance and ameliorate the blood parameters related to inflammation and immunity in broilers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chuangen Guo
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
- Animal Disease Prevention and Control Center of Rongchang, Chongqing, China
| | - Sirui Liu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Liangjiao Di
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
- Key Laboratory of Fertility Preservation and Maintenance of Ministry of Education, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, China
| | - Shu Tang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
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Zhou J, Li Z, Guo W, Wang Y, Liu R, Huang X, Li Y, Yang X, Liu L, Liu Y, Xu X. Nano vitamin E improved the antioxidant capacity of broiler chickens. J Anim Sci 2024; 102:skae095. [PMID: 38682465 PMCID: PMC11071686 DOI: 10.1093/jas/skae095] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2023] [Accepted: 04/27/2024] [Indexed: 05/01/2024] Open
Abstract
Vitamin E (VE) is a potent nutritional antioxidant that is critical in alleviating poultry oxidative stress. However, the hydrophobic nature and limited stability of VE restrict its effective utilization. Nanotechnology offers a promising approach to enhance the bioavailability of lipophilic vitamins. The objective of this experiment was to investigate the effects of different sources and addition levels of VE on the growth performance, antioxidant capacity, VE absorption site, and pharmacokinetics of Arbor Acres (AA) broilers. Three hundred and eighty-four 1-d-old AA chicks were randomly allocated into four groups supplemented with 30 and 75 IU/kg VE as regular or nano. The results showed that dietary VE sources had no significant impact on broiler growth performance. However, chickens fed 30 IU/kg VE had a higher average daily gain at 22 to 42 d and 1 to 42 d, and lower feed conversion ratio at 22 to 42 d than 75 IU/kg VE (P < 0.05). Under normal feeding conditions, broilers fed nano VE (NVE) displayed significantly higher superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity and glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) enzyme activities and lower malonic dialdehyde (MDA) concentration (P < 0.05). Similarly, NVE had a higher antioxidant effect in the dexamethasone-constructed oxidative stress model. It was found that nanosizing technology had no significant effect on the absorption of VE in the intestinal tract by examining the concentration of VE in the intestinal tract (P > 0.05). However, compared to broilers perfused with regular VE (RVE), the NVE group displayed notably higher absorption rates at 11.5 and 14.5 h (P < 0.05). Additionally, broilers perfused with NVE showed a significant increase in the area under the concentration versus time curve from zero to infinity (AUC0-∞), mean residence time (MRT0-∞), elimination half-life (t1/2z), and peak concentration (Cmax) of VE in plasma (P < 0.05). In summary, nanotechnology provides more effective absorption and persistence of VE in the blood circulation for broilers, which is conducive to the function of VE and further improves the antioxidant performance of broilers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinghui Zhou
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China
| | - Zhipeng Li
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China
| | - Wei Guo
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China
| | - Yibing Wang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China
| | - Rui Liu
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China
| | - Xinhuo Huang
- Nano Vitamin Engineering Research Center, Xi’an 710000, China
| | - Yingge Li
- Shaanxi Province Animal Husbandry Technology Extension Station, Xi’an710000, China
| | - Xiaojun Yang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China
| | - Le Liu
- Department of Biology, University of Massachusetts Amherst, Amherst, MA, USA
| | - Yanli Liu
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China
| | - Xiurong Xu
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China
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Song M, Wan Y, Si J, Yao Q, Man T, Mu Y, Huang Y, Zhu L, Zhu C, Deng S. Point-of-Care Diagnosis on Selenium Nutrition Based on Time-Resolved Fluorometric Glycoaffinity Chromatography. Anal Chem 2023; 95:14797-14804. [PMID: 37737115 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.3c03032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/23/2023]
Abstract
Given the lack of timely evaluation of the well-received selenium fortification, a neat lateral-flow chromatographic solution was constructed here by using the recently identified urinary selenosugar (Sel) as a strongly indicative marker. As there are no ready-made receptors for this synthetic standard, phenylboronic acid (PBA) esterification and Dolichos biflorus agglutinin (DBA) affinity joined up to pinch and pin down the analyte into a sandwich-type glycol complex. Pilot lectin screening on homemade glycan microarrays verified such a new pairing between dual recognizers as PBA-Sel-DBA with a firm monosaccharide-binding constant. To quell the sample autofluorescence, europium nanoparticles with efficient long-life afterglow were employed as conjugating probes under 1 μs excitation. After systematic process optimizations, the prepared Sel-dipstick achieved swift and sensitive fluorometry over the physiological level of the target from 0.1 to 10 μM with a detection limit down to 0.06 μM. Further efforts were made to eliminate matrix effects from both temperature and pH via an approximate formula. Upon completion, the test strips managed to quantify the presence of Sel in not just imitated but real human urine, with comparable results to those in the references. As far as we know, this would be the first in-house prototype for user-friendly and facile diagnosis of Se nutrition with fair accuracy as well as selectivity. Future endeavors will be invested to model a more traceable Se-supplementary plan based on the rhythmic feedback of Sel excretion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meiyan Song
- School of Environmental and Biological Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing 210094, China
| | - Ying Wan
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing 210094, China
| | - Jingyi Si
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Qunyan Yao
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Tiantian Man
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing 210094, China
| | - Yao Mu
- School of Environmental and Biological Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing 210094, China
| | - Yaqi Huang
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing 210094, China
| | - Longyi Zhu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing 210094, China
| | - Changfeng Zhu
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Shengyuan Deng
- School of Environmental and Biological Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing 210094, China
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Elgendey F, Al Wakeel RA, Hemeda SA, Elshwash AM, Fadl SE, Abdelazim AM, Alhujaily M, Khalifa OA. Selenium and/or vitamin E upregulate the antioxidant gene expression and parameters in broilers. BMC Vet Res 2022; 18:310. [PMID: 35964043 PMCID: PMC9375396 DOI: 10.1186/s12917-022-03411-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2022] [Accepted: 08/04/2022] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND In contrast to free radicals, the first line of protection is assumed to be vitamin E and selenium. The present protocol was designed to assess the roles of vitamin E and/or a selenium-rich diet that affected the blood iron and copper concentrations, liver tissue antioxidant and lipid peroxidation, and gene expression linked to antioxidants in the liver tissue of broilers. The young birds were classified according to the dietary supplement into four groups; control, vitamin E (100 mg Vitamin/kg diet), selenium (0.3 mg sodium selenite/kg diet), and vitamin E pulse selenium (100 mg vitamin/kg diet with 0.3 mg sodium selenite/kg diet) group. RESULTS The results of this experiment suggested that the addition of vitamin E with selenium in the broiler diet significantly increased (P ≤ 0.05) serum iron when compared with the other groups and serum copper when compared with the vitamin E group. Moreover, the supplements (vitamin E or vitamin E with selenium) positively affected the enzymatic activity of the antioxidant-related enzymes with decreased malondialdehyde (MDA),which represents lipid peroxidation in broiler liver tissue. Moreover, the two supplements significantly upregulated genes expression related to antioxidants. CONCLUSION Therefore, vitamin E and/or selenium can not only act as exogenous antioxidants to prevent oxidative damage by scavenging free radicals and superoxide, but also act as gene regulators, regulating the expression of endogenous antioxidant enzymes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fatma Elgendey
- grid.411660.40000 0004 0621 2741Genetics and Genetic Engineering, Department of Animal Wealth Development, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Benha University, Toukh, 13736 Egypt
| | - Rasha A. Al Wakeel
- grid.411978.20000 0004 0578 3577Department of Physiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Kafrelsheikh University, Kafrelsheikh, 33516 Egypt
| | - Shabaan A. Hemeda
- grid.7155.60000 0001 2260 6941Department of Animal Husbandry and Animal Wealth Development, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Alexandria University, Alexandria, 21526 Egypt
| | - Aya Mohamed Elshwash
- grid.411660.40000 0004 0621 2741Genetics and Genetic Engineering, Department of Animal Wealth Development, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Benha University, Toukh, 13736 Egypt
| | - Sabreen E. Fadl
- Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Matrouh University, Matrouh, 51744 Egypt
| | - Aaser M. Abdelazim
- grid.494608.70000 0004 6027 4126Department of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Aapplied Medical Sciences, University of Bisha, Bisha, 61922 Saudi Arabia
| | - Muhanad Alhujaily
- grid.494608.70000 0004 6027 4126Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, University of Bisha, Bisha, 61922 Saudi Arabia
| | - Olla A. Khalifa
- grid.411660.40000 0004 0621 2741Genetics and Genetic Engineering, Department of Animal Wealth Development, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Benha University, Toukh, 13736 Egypt
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Sun M, Ma N, Liu H, Liu Y, Zhou Y, Zhao J, Wang X, Li H, Ma B, Jiao H, Lin H. The optimal dietary arginine level of laying hens fed with low-protein diets. J Anim Sci Biotechnol 2022; 13:63. [PMID: 35715827 PMCID: PMC9206374 DOI: 10.1186/s40104-022-00719-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2021] [Accepted: 04/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Arginine (Arg) is an essential amino acid (EAA) in poultry, an important substrate for protein synthesis and a precursor of several molecules. Supplementation of EAAs with low protein (LP) diet increases the utilization efficiency of dietary crude protein (CP). However, if the EAA requirement is changed in hens fed a LP diet remains to be elucidated. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the optimal level of dietary Arg in the LP diet of hens. A total of 1350 Hy-Line Brown laying hens were randomly allocated to six dietary treatments: a basal diet (16% CP, positive control), or an isoenergetic LP diet (14% CP, 0.80% Arg) supplemented 0, 0.05%, 0.10%, 0.15%, and 0.20% L-Arg, corresponding to 0.80%, 0.85%, 0.90%, 0.95% and 1.00% dietary Arg, respectively. Results The feed efficiency was decreased (P < 0.05) by 0.80% and 1.00% Arg-LP diets, compared to control. Within LP diets, dietary Arg level had significant quadratic effects (P < 0.05) on laying rate, egg mass, and feed efficiency. Compared to control, the plasma CAT activity or T-AOC content were decreased by 0.80% (P < 0.001). However, the hens offered 0.85% and 0.90% Arg-LP diets had higher CAT activity (P < 0.001) than 0.80% Arg-LP diet. In contrast, 1.00% Arg-LP group had the highest MDA and the lowest T-AOC content in plasma, liver, duodenal and jejunal mucosa (P < 0.05). Compared to control, the villus height was decreased by 0.80%, 0.95% and 1.00% Arg-LP diets, while the villus height to crypt depth (V/C) ratio was reduced by 0.95% and 1.00% Arg-LP diets in duodenum. Conclusion The result demonstrates that LP diet (14% CP) deficient in Arg (0.80% Arg) result in augmented oxidative damage and impaired development of intestinal mucosa. According to the quadratic broken-line regression model, the optimal dietary arginine levels for Hy-Line Brown laying hens fed with low protein diet (14% CP) aged 33 to 40 weeks are 0.85%, 0.86%, and 0.86% to obtained the maximum laying rate, egg mass, and feed efficiency, respectively. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s40104-022-00719-x.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingfa Sun
- Department of Animal Science, Shandong Agricultural University, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Biotechnology and Disease Control and Prevention, 61 Daizong Street, Taian City, 271018, Shandong Province, China
| | - Ning Ma
- Department of Animal Science, Shandong Agricultural University, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Biotechnology and Disease Control and Prevention, 61 Daizong Street, Taian City, 271018, Shandong Province, China
| | - Hui Liu
- Department of Animal Science, Shandong Agricultural University, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Biotechnology and Disease Control and Prevention, 61 Daizong Street, Taian City, 271018, Shandong Province, China
| | - Yu Liu
- Department of Animal Science, Shandong Agricultural University, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Biotechnology and Disease Control and Prevention, 61 Daizong Street, Taian City, 271018, Shandong Province, China
| | - Yunlei Zhou
- College of Chemistry and Material Science, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian City, 271018, Shandong Province, China
| | - Jingpeng Zhao
- Department of Animal Science, Shandong Agricultural University, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Biotechnology and Disease Control and Prevention, 61 Daizong Street, Taian City, 271018, Shandong Province, China
| | - Xiaojuan Wang
- Department of Animal Science, Shandong Agricultural University, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Biotechnology and Disease Control and Prevention, 61 Daizong Street, Taian City, 271018, Shandong Province, China
| | - Haifang Li
- College of Life Sciences, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian City, 271018, Shandong Province, China
| | - Baishun Ma
- Shandong He-Mei-Hua Agricultural Technology Co., Ltd, Jinan City, 250101, Shandong Province, China
| | - Hongchao Jiao
- Department of Animal Science, Shandong Agricultural University, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Biotechnology and Disease Control and Prevention, 61 Daizong Street, Taian City, 271018, Shandong Province, China.
| | - Hai Lin
- Department of Animal Science, Shandong Agricultural University, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Biotechnology and Disease Control and Prevention, 61 Daizong Street, Taian City, 271018, Shandong Province, China.
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Chen J, Su Y, Lin R, Lin F, Shang P, Hussain R, Shi D. Effects of Acute Diquat Poisoning on Liver Mitochondrial Apoptosis and Autophagy in Ducks. Front Vet Sci 2021; 8:727766. [PMID: 34458360 PMCID: PMC8385319 DOI: 10.3389/fvets.2021.727766] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2021] [Accepted: 07/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Diquat (DQ) is an effective herbicide and is widely used in agriculture. Due to persistent and frequent applications, it can enter into aquatic ecosystem and induce toxic effects to exposed aquatic animals. The residues of DQ via food chain accumulate in different tissues of exposed animals including humans and cause adverse toxic effects. Therefore, it is crucial and important to understand the mechanisms of toxic effects of DQ in exposed animals. We used ducks as test specimens to know the effects of acute DQ poisoning on mechanisms of apoptosis and autophagy in liver tissues. Results on comparison of various indexes of visceral organs including histopathological changes, apoptosis, autophagy-related genes, and protein expression indicated the adverse effects of DQ on the liver. The results of our experimental trial showed that DQ induces non-significant toxic effects on pro-apoptotic factors like BAX, BAK1, TNF-α, caspase series, and p53. The results revealed that anti-apoptotic gene Parkin was significantly upregulated, while an upward trend was also observed for Bcl2, suggesting that involvement of the anti-apoptotic factors in ducklings plays an important role in DQ poisoning. Results showed that DQ significantly increased the protein expression level of the autophagy factor Beclin 1 in the liver. Results on key autophagy factors like LC3A, LC3B, and p62 showed an upward trend at gene level, while the protein expression level of both LC3B and p62 reduced that might be associated with process of translation affected by the pro-apoptotic components such as apoptotic protease that inhibits the occurrence of autophagy while initiating cell apoptosis. The above results indicate that DQ can induce cell autophagy and apoptosis and the exposed organism may resist the toxic effects of DQ by increasing anti-apoptotic factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiaxin Chen
- College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yalin Su
- College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Renzhao Lin
- College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Fei Lin
- College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Peng Shang
- College of Animal Science, Tibet Agriculture and Animal Husbandry College, Linzhi, China
| | - Riaz Hussain
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Bahawalpur, Pakistan
| | - Dayou Shi
- College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
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Kuttappan VA, Manangi M, Bekker M, Chen J, Vazquez-Anon M. Nutritional Intervention Strategies Using Dietary Antioxidants and Organic Trace Minerals to Reduce the Incidence of Wooden Breast and Other Carcass Quality Defects in Broiler Birds. Front Physiol 2021; 12:663409. [PMID: 33889089 PMCID: PMC8055936 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2021.663409] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2021] [Accepted: 03/11/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Wooden breast (WB) is a degenerative myopathy seen in modern broiler birds resulting in quality downgrade of breast fillets. Affected filets show increased toughness both before as well as after cooking and have decreased water holding capacity and marinade pick up compared to normal fillets. Although the exact etiology is unknown, the circulatory insufficiency and increased oxidative stress in the breast muscles of modern broiler birds could be resulting in damage and degeneration of muscle fibers leading to myopathies. Three independent experiments were conducted to evaluate the effect of various dietary interventions on the incidence of WB when birds are exposed to oxidative stress associated with feeding oxidized fat and mild heat stress. Feed additives such as dietary antioxidant [Ethoxyquin (ETX)], mineral methionine hydroxy analog chelate (MMHAC) of Zn, Cu, and Mn, and organic selenium (Org Se) were tested at recommended levels. In experiment 1, ETX reduced (P < 0.05) the incidence of severe WB induced by oxidized fat diet. The magnitude of improvement in percentage of normal (no WB) filets and reduction in muscle lipid peroxidation was greater (P < 0.05) when ETX and MMHAC were fed together as shown by experiment 2. In birds exposed to mild heat stress (Experiment 3), feeding MMHAC by itself reduced (P < 0.05) tissue damage by reducing incidence of tibial head lesions, skin scratches, breast blisters, in addition to increasing the incidence of normal (no WB) fillets. When MMHAC was combined with ETX and Org Se, further improvement (P < 0.05) in normal (no WB) filets was observed. In summary, under different oxidative stress conditions, dietary intervention programs that contain ETX, MMHA-Zn, -Cu, and -Mn and Org Se can improve performance and increase carcass integrity, reducing problems, such as WB, either independently or with additive effect. This effect is most likely attained by simultaneously improving the exogenous and endogenous antioxidant status, reducing oxidative stress, and improving tissue healing process of the bird.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Matthew Bekker
- Novus International, Inc., St. Charles, MO, United States
| | - Juxing Chen
- Novus International, Inc., St. Charles, MO, United States
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Ghasemi-Sadabadi M, Veldkamp T, van Krimpen M, Ebrahimnezhad Y, Ghalehkandi JG, Salehi A, Didehvar M, Khodaei M, Mehdizadeh A. Determining tolerance of Japanese quail to different dietary fat peroxidation values by supplementation with Rosemary and Aloe Vera on performance and meat quality. Anim Feed Sci Technol 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.anifeedsci.2020.114574] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
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Mo Z, Li L, Ying L, Xiaolong G. Effects of Sudden Drop in Salinity on Osmotic Pressure Regulation and Antioxidant Defense Mechanism of Scapharca subcrenata. Front Physiol 2020; 11:884. [PMID: 32765306 PMCID: PMC7379902 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2020.00884] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2019] [Accepted: 06/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Salinity is an important ecological factor that impacts the growth and survival of aquatic organisms. The salinity of seawater in coastal and estuarine areas is often subject to dynamic changes because of seasonal rainfall and continental runoff. Thus, the current study investigated the effects of sudden changes in salinity on the survival rate and osmotic pressure regulation mechanisms of bottom-sowing seedlings of the economically important ark shell, Scapharca subcrenata. By simulating the sudden changes that occur in seawater salinity after rainstorms, the results showed that the osmotic pressure of the hemolymph and Na+, K+, Ca2+, and Cl– concentrations first decreased and then increased. When the salinity decreased from 30 to 14‰, hemoglobin, soluble total protein, taurine, and total free amino acid gradually increased; maximum levels of hemoglobin, soluble total protein, and taurine occurred once the salinity increased to 22‰ at 96 h. After 96 h, the total free amino acid content increased until 144 h. The reactive oxygen species (ROS) content and total antioxidant capacity (T-AOC) peaked at 96 h, whereas the expression levels of Mn-superoxide dismutase (MnSOD) and catalase (CAT) increased earlier, indicating that, with continuous ROS generation, antioxidant defense mechanisms were activated to avoid oxidative damage. Expression levels of cathepsin C (CTSC), cathepsin D (CTSD), heat shock protein 20 (HSP20), and heat shock protein 70 (HSP70) were significantly higher than in the control group at 48 h (salinity level 14‰); the expression levels of HSP20, heat shock protein 90 (HSP90), MnSOD, and glutathione peroxidase (GPx) remained high, indicating that they were still required for osmotic pressure regulation to maintain the dynamic balance between the generation and removal of ROS as the salinity level increased. These results not only add to our basic understanding of the aquatic ecology of S. subcrenata, but also provide a theoretical ground for improving the survival rate of bottom-sowing, propagation, and release of S. subcrenata seedlings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhang Mo
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Science, College of Ocean and Earth Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China.,Key Laboratory of Experimental Marine Biology, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao, China
| | - Li Li
- Marine Biology Institute of Shandong Province, Qingdao, China
| | - Liu Ying
- College of Marine Technology and Environment, Dalian Ocean University, Dalian, China
| | - Gao Xiaolong
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Science, College of Ocean and Earth Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
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Chen Y, Chen Y, Zhang H, Wang T. Pterostilbene as a protective antioxidant attenuates diquat-induced liver injury and oxidative stress in 21-day-old broiler chickens. Poult Sci 2020; 99:3158-3167. [PMID: 32475452 PMCID: PMC7597657 DOI: 10.1016/j.psj.2020.01.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2019] [Revised: 12/29/2019] [Accepted: 01/11/2020] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
This study investigated the effects of pterostilbene (PT) supplementation on growth performance, hepatic injury, and antioxidant variables in a broiler chicken model with diquat (DQ)-induced oxidative stress. There were 192 one-day-old male Ross 308 broiler chicks randomly allocated to one of two treatment groups: 1) broilers fed a basal diet and 2) broilers fed a diet supplemented with 400 mg/kg PT. At 20 D of age, half of the broilers in each group were intraperitoneally injected with DQ (20 mg per kg BW), whereas the other half were injected with an equivalent amount of sterile saline. Diquat induced a rapid loss of BW (P < 0.001) 24 h post-injection, but dietary PT supplementation improved the BW change of broilers (P = 0.014). Compared with unchallenged controls, the livers of DQ-treated broilers were in severe cellular damage and oxidative stress, with the presence of higher plasma transaminase activities (P < 0.05), a greater number of apoptotic hepatocytes (P < 0.001), and an increased malondialdehyde content (P = 0.007). Pterostilbene supplementation prevented the increases in plasma aspartate aminotransferase activity (P = 0.001), the percentage of hepatocyte apoptosis (P < 0.001), and the hepatic malondialdehyde accumulation (P = 0.011) of the DQ-treated broilers. Regarding the hepatic antioxidant function, PT significantly increased total antioxidant capacity (P = 0.007), superoxide dismutase activity (P = 0.016), reduced glutathione content (P = 0.011), and the ratio of reduced glutathione to oxidized glutathione (P = 0.003), whereas it reduced the concentration of oxidized glutathione (P = 0.017). Pterostilbene also boosted the expression levels of nuclear factor erythroid 2–related factor 2 (P = 0.010), heme oxygenase 1 (P = 0.037), superoxide dismutase 1 (P = 0.014), and the glutamate–cysteine ligase catalytic subunit (P = 0.001), irrespective of DQ challenge. In addition, PT alleviated DQ-induced adenosine triphosphate depletion (P = 0.010). In conclusion, PT attenuates DQ-induced hepatic injury and oxidative stress of broilers presumably by restoring hepatic antioxidant function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanan Chen
- College of Animal Science & Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yueping Chen
- College of Animal Science & Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, Jiangsu, China; Postdoctoral Research Station of Food Science and Engineering, College of Food Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, Jiangsu, China
| | - Hao Zhang
- College of Animal Science & Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, Jiangsu, China; Postdoctoral Research Station of Clinical Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, Jiangsu, China; Shanghai Key Laboratory of Veterinary Biotechnology, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Tian Wang
- College of Animal Science & Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, Jiangsu, China.
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11
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Žaja IŽ, Berta V, Valpotić H, Samardžija M, Milinković-Tur S, Vilić M, Šuran J, Hlede JP, Đuričić D, Špoljarić B, Špoljarić D, Vince S. The influence of exogenous melatonin on antioxidative status in seminal plasma and spermatozoa in French Alpine bucks during the nonbreeding season. Domest Anim Endocrinol 2020; 71:106400. [PMID: 31809949 DOI: 10.1016/j.domaniend.2019.106400] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2019] [Revised: 08/22/2019] [Accepted: 09/19/2019] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
Research data regarding exogenous melatonin effects on buck semen antioxidative status during the breeding and nonbreeding seasons are scarce or missing. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of melatonin implants on the activity and ratios of antioxidative enzymes and on malondialdehyde concentrations in the seminal plasma and spermatozoa of French Alpine bucks during the 3 mo of the nonbreeding season. Two groups of randomly assigned bucks were either treated with melatonin (n = 6) or served as controls (n = 6). Semen samples were collected weekly, seminal plasma was separated from spermatozoa, and activities of glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px), glutathione reductase (GR), superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), and the concentration of malondialdehyde were determined. The melatonin-treated bucks had significantly higher CAT/SOD and GSH-Px/SOD ratios, but a significantly lower GR/GSH-Px ratio in seminal plasma and spermatozoa during the different periods of the nonbreeding season. In conclusion, exogenous melatonin influenced the activities of all ratios and some single antioxidative enzymes tested in bucks' seminal plasma and spermatozoa. Here we provide the first evidence derived from an intervention, that is, melatonin treatment, which affects antioxidative enzymes ratios in the semen of bucks, and could thus be recommended as an indicator of oxidative stress severity and antioxidative status of semen.
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Affiliation(s)
- I Ž Žaja
- Department of Physiology and Radiobiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Zagreb, 10 000 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - V Berta
- Veterinary Practice Varaždin, 42000 Varaždin, Croatia
| | - H Valpotić
- Department of Animal Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Zagreb, 10 000 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - M Samardžija
- Clinic for Reproduction and Obstetrics, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Zagreb, 10 000 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - S Milinković-Tur
- Department of Physiology and Radiobiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Zagreb, 10 000 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - M Vilić
- Department of Physiology and Radiobiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Zagreb, 10 000 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - J Šuran
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Zagreb, 10 000 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - J P Hlede
- Department of Physiology and Radiobiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Zagreb, 10 000 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - D Đuričić
- Veterinary Practice Đurđevac, Malinov trg 7, 48350 Đurđevac, Croatia
| | - B Špoljarić
- Clinic for Reproduction and Obstetrics, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Zagreb, 10 000 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - D Špoljarić
- Department of Veterinary Biology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Zagreb, 10 000 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - S Vince
- Clinic for Reproduction and Obstetrics, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Zagreb, 10 000 Zagreb, Croatia.
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12
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Jiang X, Li A, Wang Y, Iqbal M, Waqas M, Yang H, Li Z, Mehmood K, Qamar H, Li J. Ameliorative effect of naringin against thiram-induced tibial dyschondroplasia in broiler chicken. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2020; 27:11337-11348. [PMID: 31960246 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-020-07732-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2019] [Accepted: 01/12/2020] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Tetramethyl thiuram disulfide (thiram) is widely used in agricultural production as an insecticide and fungicide, which can also lead to tibial dyschondroplasia (TD) in poultry. TD is characterized by leg disorders and growth performance retardation, and no targeted drugs have been found to treat TD until now. Therefore, the objective of the present study was to explore the ameliorative effect of traditional Chinese medicine naringin on thiram-induced TD chickens. A total of 180 one-day-old Arbor Acres (AA) broiler chickens were randomly divided into three equal groups (n = 60): control group (standard diet), thiram-induced group (thiram 50 mg/kg from day 3 to day 7), and naringin-treated group (naringin 30 mg/kg from day 8 to day 18). During the 18-day experiment, the growth performance, tibial bone parameters, antioxidant property of liver, serum biochemical changes and clinical symptoms were recorded to evaluate the protective effect of naringin in thiram-induced TD broiler chickens. Additionally, mRNA expressions and protein levels of Ihh and PTHrP genes were determined via quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction and western blot. Administration of naringin showed significant results by alleviating lameness, increased growth performance, recuperated growth plate (GP) width, and improved functions and antioxidant enzyme level of liver in broilers affected by TD. Moreover, naringin treatment restored the development of damaged tibia bone via downregulating Ihh and upregulating PTHrP mRNA and protein expressions. In conclusion, our study determines naringin could be used as an effective medicine to treat TD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiong Jiang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, People's Republic of China
- Hubei Three Gorges Polytechnic, Yichang, 443000, Hubei province, People's Republic of China
| | - Aoyun Li
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, People's Republic of China
| | - Yaping Wang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, People's Republic of China
| | - Mudassar Iqbal
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, People's Republic of China
- University College of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Bahawalpur, 63100, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Waqas
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, People's Republic of China
- Faculty of Veterinary & Animal Sciences, University of the Poonch, District Poonch, Rawalakot, Azad Jammu & Kashmir, 12350, Pakistan
| | - Hao Yang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhixing Li
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, People's Republic of China
| | - Khalid Mehmood
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, People's Republic of China
- University College of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Bahawalpur, 63100, Pakistan
| | - Hammad Qamar
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, People's Republic of China
| | - Jiakui Li
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, People's Republic of China.
- College of Animals Husbandry and Veterinary Medicine, Tibet Agricultural and Animal Husbandry University, Linzhi, 860000, Tibet, People's Republic of China.
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13
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Chi X, Zhang Y, Ma X, Lu M, Li Z, Xu W, Hu S. Antioxidative stress of oral administration of tea extract granule in chickens. Poult Sci 2020; 99:1956-1966. [PMID: 32241476 PMCID: PMC7587910 DOI: 10.1016/j.psj.2019.11.063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2019] [Revised: 11/25/2019] [Accepted: 11/25/2019] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
The present study was to evaluate antioxidative effect of tea extract granule (TEG) on oxidative stress induced by cyclophosphamide (Cy) in chickens. In experiment 1, chickens were randomly divided into 5 groups with 10 birds in each. Groups 3 to 5 were orally administered TEG in drinking water for 7 D at doses of 20, 40, and 80 mg/kg body weight, respectively. After that, groups 2 to 5 received intramuscular injection of Cy (100 mg/kg BW) for 3 D. Group 1 was not treated as a control. In experiment 2, chickens were grouped in the same way as in experiment 1. Groups 2 to 5 received intramuscular injection of Cy (100 mg/kg BW) for 3 D. After that, groups 3 to 5 were orally administered TEG in drinking water for 7 D at doses of 20, 40, and 80 mg/kg BW, respectively. Results showed that Cy injection induced significantly decreased body weight and oxidative stress. Oral administration of TEG before or after Cy injection increased body weight, the thymus, bursa, and spleen indices, total antioxidant capacity, and the levels of glutathione; elevated the activity of superoxide dismutase, catalase, and glutathione peroxidase; as well as decreased the protein carbonyl content, lipid peroxide, and malondialdehyde. In addition, TEG administration reduced intracellular reactive oxygen species. Therefore, TEG could be a promising agent against oxidative stress in the poultry industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- X Chi
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310058, P. R.China
| | - Y Zhang
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310058, P. R.China
| | - X Ma
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310058, P. R.China
| | - M Lu
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310058, P. R.China
| | - Z Li
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310058, P. R.China
| | - W Xu
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310058, P. R.China
| | - S Hu
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310058, P. R.China.
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14
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Mikulková K, Illek J, Kadek R. Glutathione redox state, glutathione peroxidase activity and selenium concentration in periparturient dairy cows, and their relation with negative energy balance. JOURNAL OF ANIMAL AND FEED SCIENCES 2020. [DOI: 10.22358/jafs/117867/2020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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15
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Rasheed MSA, Oelschlager ML, Smith BN, Bauer LL, Whelan RA, Dilger RN. Dietary methylsulfonylmethane supplementation and oxidative stress in broiler chickens. Poult Sci 2020; 99:914-925. [PMID: 32029168 PMCID: PMC7587734 DOI: 10.1016/j.psj.2019.12.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Methylsulfonylmethane (MSM) is an organic, sulfur-containing compound widely used as a dietary supplement to improve joint health and treat arthritic pain. An experiment was conducted to study the effects of feeding 0.05% MSM to broilers exposed to diet-induced oxidative stress on tissue MSM distribution, growth performance, oxidative stress biomarkers, and immune responsivity. A total of 528 birds were allocated to 4 dietary treatments (fresh oil-no MSM, fresh oil-MSM, oxidized oil-no MSM, oxidized oil-MSM) as provided ad libitum to 11 replicate cages of 12 birds per treatment. Blood and tissue samples were collected to analyze MSM concentrations, and oxidative stress biomarkers including concentrations of thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS), total antioxidant capacity (TAC), total glutathione, and glutathione peroxidase (GPx) and reductase (GR) activities. Additionally, blood samples collected at day 25 were used to quantify T-cell (TC) populations using flow cytometry. Overall, MSM was quantified in all tissues and plasma samples of MSM-treated groups at all time points. Oxidized oil reduced (P = 0.006) feed intake over the 21-d feeding period, but MSM did not affect growth equally across time points. No effects (P > 0.2) of MSM or oil type were observed on TC populations. In the presence of oxidized oil, MSM reduced (P = 0.013) plasma TBARS and increased (P = 0.02) liver GPx at day 21, and increased (P = 0.06) liver GR at day 7. Irrespective of dietary oil type, groups supplemented with MSM showed higher plasma TAC at day 7 (P = 0.023), liver GPx activity at day 21 (P = 0.003), and liver GR activity at day 7 (P = 0.004) compared with groups not receiving MSM. In conclusion, 0.05% dietary MSM supplementation partially protected birds from oxidative stress but did not affect immune cell profiles.
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Affiliation(s)
- M S Abdul Rasheed
- Department of Animal Sciences, University of Illinois, Urbana, IL 61801, USA
| | - M L Oelschlager
- Department of Animal Sciences, University of Illinois, Urbana, IL 61801, USA
| | - B N Smith
- Department of Animal Sciences, University of Illinois, Urbana, IL 61801, USA
| | - L L Bauer
- Department of Animal Sciences, University of Illinois, Urbana, IL 61801, USA
| | - R A Whelan
- Evonik Nutrition & Care GmbH, Hanau-Wolfgang 63457, Germany
| | - R N Dilger
- Department of Animal Sciences, University of Illinois, Urbana, IL 61801, USA.
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16
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Liu K, Liu H, Zhang T, Mu L, Liu X, Li G. Effects of Vitamin E and Selenium on Growth Performance, Antioxidant Capacity, and Metabolic Parameters in Growing Furring Blue Foxes (Alopex lagopus). Biol Trace Elem Res 2019; 192:183-195. [PMID: 30788720 DOI: 10.1007/s12011-019-1655-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2018] [Accepted: 01/28/2019] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
The objective of this study was to determine whether different dietary vitamin E (VE) and selenium (Se) levels affect the nutrient digestibility, production performance, and antioxidant abilities of growing furring blue foxes. A 4 × 2 factorial arrangement that included 4 levels of VE (0, 100, 200, or 400 mg/kg diet from α-tocopherol acetate) and 2 levels of Se (0 or 0.2 mg/kg diet from glycine selenium) was performed from mid-September to pelting. A metabolism study was conducted for four days starting at the 30th day of the trial. Serum samples were collected at the last day of the study. The results showed that supplementation of growing furring blue fox diets with VE and Se significantly affected the average daily gain (ADG), average daily feed intake, and feed conversion ratio (F:G) (P < 0.05). Dietary Se supplementation enhanced protein and fat digestibility of male blue foxes. There were significant effects of different VE and Se levels in diets on serum antioxidant parameters and metabolic parameters of blue foxes (P < 0.05). In conclusion, this research indicated that dietary supplementation with VE improved ADG and F:G of blue foxes. Addition of VE and Se to blue fox diets increased the antioxidant capacity of blue foxes. The diet with high VE and Se supplementation reduced glucose and triglycerides concentrations in serum. The present study found that growing furring blue foxes had increased growth performance and antioxidant abilities when fed diets with 200 mg VE/kg and nearly 0.1 mg Se/kg.
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Affiliation(s)
- Keyuan Liu
- Institute of Special Economic Animal and Plant Science of the Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, 4899 Juye Avenue, Changchun, 130112, China
| | - Hanlu Liu
- Institute of Special Economic Animal and Plant Science of the Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, 4899 Juye Avenue, Changchun, 130112, China
| | - Ting Zhang
- Institute of Special Economic Animal and Plant Science of the Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, 4899 Juye Avenue, Changchun, 130112, China
| | - Linlin Mu
- Institute of Special Economic Animal and Plant Science of the Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, 4899 Juye Avenue, Changchun, 130112, China
| | - Xueqing Liu
- Institute of Special Economic Animal and Plant Science of the Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, 4899 Juye Avenue, Changchun, 130112, China
| | - Guangyu Li
- Institute of Special Economic Animal and Plant Science of the Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, 4899 Juye Avenue, Changchun, 130112, China.
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17
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Abd El-Wahab A, Mahmoud RE, Ahmed MFE, Salama MF. Effect of dietary supplementation of calcium butyrate on growth performance, carcass traits, intestinal health and pro-inflammatory cytokines in Japanese quails. J Anim Physiol Anim Nutr (Berl) 2019; 103:1768-1775. [PMID: 31385639 DOI: 10.1111/jpn.13172] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2019] [Revised: 04/22/2019] [Accepted: 07/11/2019] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
The objective of the present study was to evaluate the potential effect of dietary calcium butyrate on growth performance, carcass traits and gut health in Japanese quails. In total, 320 one-day-old Japanese quails were randomly assigned to 4 equal treatments, with 8 replicates of 10 Japanese quails, for 4 weeks. The Japanese quails in control treatment were fed control diet whereas in the other treatments the Japanese quails were fed diet supplemented with calcium butyrate at 0.3, 0.5 and 0.7 g/kg diet. Data concerning performance measurements were recorded weekly. In addition, eight Japanese quails (one/replicate) from each treatment were selected randomly for serum collection to measure pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokines. Pooled faecal samples from each replicate of each treatment were also collected at three time points (0, 2 and 4 weeks) for count E. coli and C. perfringens. The results showed that after 7 days of the experimental period, Japanese quails fed calcium butyrate supplemented diet at 0.7 g/kg showed a greater (p < .05) body weight and a favourable (p < .05) feed conversion ratio than the other treatments. Moreover, serum superoxide dismutase and catalase activities were increased (p < .05) in Japanese quails fed calcium butyrate supplemented diet at 0.7 g/kg. Calcium butyrate supplementation at 0.7 g/kg was associated with reduction (p < .05) in TNF-α, IL-6 and IL1-β, while IL-10 was increased (p < .05). In addition, after 2 weeks of calcium butyrate supplementation, a reduction (p < .05) in E. coli and C. perfringens counts was observed in excreta of Japanese quails fed 0.5 and 0.7 g calcium butyrate/kg diets. It is concluded that calcium butyrate supplementation improves body weight gain, reduces E. coli and C. perfringens counts and has anti-inflammatory/anti-oxidant effect in Japanese quails.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amr Abd El-Wahab
- Department of Nutrition and Nutritional Deficiency Diseases, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt
| | - Rania E Mahmoud
- Department of Nutrition and Nutritional Deficiency Diseases, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt
| | - Marwa F E Ahmed
- Department of Hygiene and Zoonoses, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt
| | - Mohamed F Salama
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt
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18
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Li A, Wang Y, Li Z, Qamar H, Mehmood K, Zhang L, Liu J, Zhang H, Li J. Probiotics isolated from yaks improves the growth performance, antioxidant activity, and cytokines related to immunity and inflammation in mice. Microb Cell Fact 2019; 18:112. [PMID: 31217027 PMCID: PMC6585042 DOI: 10.1186/s12934-019-1161-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2019] [Accepted: 06/13/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Yaks living in the high-altitude hypoxic environment of Tibetan plateau (3600 m) have special gut microbes. However, it is still little research on yak probiotics until now. Therefore, the purpose of our study was to evaluate the growth promoting effect, antioxidant capability, immune effect, and anti-inflammatory ability of Bacillus subtilis and Bacillus velezensis isolated from Tibetan yaks in mice model. RESULTS The results showed that the isolated strains supplementation not only improve the growth performance but also increased the length of villus in the small intestine and intestinal digestive enzyme activity. Importantly, we observed that the T-AOC, SOD, and GSH-PX levels were increased and the MDA content was reduced in probiotic-treated mice, which implied that probiotics supplementation can ameliorate the antioxidative activity of mice. The levels of AST and ALT correlated with the hepatic injury were reduced and the levels of AKP, TP, GLB, ALB, Ca, and P were markedly higher than those in the control group. Additionally, mice treated with probiotics exhibited higher serum IgG, IgM and IgA, which can reflect the immune status to some extent. At the same time, the major pro-inflammatory factor TNF-α, IL-6, and IL-8 were down-regulated and the anti-inflammatory factor IL-10 was up-regulated compared with the control groups. CONCLUSIONS In conclusion, these results demonstrated that Bacillus subtilis and Bacillus velezensis supplementation can increase overall growth performance and ameliorate the blood parameters related to inflammation and immunity of mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aoyun Li
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, People's Republic of China
| | - Yaping Wang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhixing Li
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, People's Republic of China
| | - Hammad Qamar
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, People's Republic of China
| | - Khalid Mehmood
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, People's Republic of China.,University College of Veterinary & Animal Sciences, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Bahawalpur, 63100, Pakistan
| | - Lihong Zhang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, People's Republic of China
| | - Juanjuan Liu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, People's Republic of China
| | - Hui Zhang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, People's Republic of China
| | - Jiakui Li
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, People's Republic of China. .,College of Animals Husbandry and Veterinary Medicine, Tibet Agricultural and Animal Husbandry University, Linzhi, 860000, Tibet, People's Republic of China.
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19
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Overholt MF, Kim GD, Boler DD, Kerr BJ, Dilger AC. Influence of feeding thermally peroxidized soybean oil to finishing pigs on carcass characteristics, loin quality, and shelf life of loin chops. J Anim Sci 2018; 96:2710-2722. [PMID: 29726946 PMCID: PMC6095266 DOI: 10.1093/jas/sky176] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2018] [Accepted: 05/01/2018] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of feeding soybean oil (SO) with varying levels of peroxidation on carcass traits and shelf life of loins. Fifty-six barrows were randomly assigned to 1 of 4 diets containing 10% fresh SO (22.5 °C) or thermally processed SO (45 °C for 288 h, 90 °C for 72 h, or 180 °C for 6 h), each infused with air at a rate of 15 liter/min. Individually housed pigs were provided ad libitum access to feed for 81 d. At 82 d, pigs were slaughtered and hot carcass weight and liver weights were recorded. Carcass characteristics and fresh loin quality were evaluated 1 d postmortem. Loin chops from each carcass were overwrap-packaged and subjected to a 10-d simulated retail display. Daily measurements of L*, a*, b*, reflectance, and visual discoloration were conducted, evaluation of cooking loss and Warner-Bratzler shear force (WBSF) was conducted on chops stored 0, 5, and 10 d, and thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS) were evaluated on chops stored 0 and 10 d. Shelf life-related data were analyzed as a completely randomized design with repeated measures in time, with storage location (shelf) as a random effect. Carcasses of 90 °C pigs weighed 6.0, 8.6, and 6.9 kg less (P < 0.03) than 22.5 °C, 45 °C, and 180 °C carcasses, respectively. Livers of 90 °C and 180 °C pigs were 14.3% and 11.7%, respectively, heavier (P ≤ 0.02) than those from pigs fed 22.5 °C SO, with livers of 45 °C being intermediate. Livers of 90 °C pigs represented 0.12 percentage units less (P = 0.02) of ending live weight than livers of 180 °C pigs, and 180 °C livers were 0.12 percentage units less (P < 0.01) of ending live weight than those from pigs fed 22.5 °C SO, with 45 °C being intermediate. There was no difference (P ≥ 0.19) in back fat depth, loin muscle area, or estimated carcass lean percentage among SO treatments, nor was there an effect (P ≥ 0.13) of SO on any early post-mortem loin quality traits or loin composition. There was no effect (P > 0.14) of SO on cooking loss, WBSF, L*, a*, b*, hue angle, reflectance, discoloration, or TBARS; however, there was a tendency (P = 0.09) for chops of 45 °C pigs to have greater (P < 0.04) chroma than either 22.5 °C or 180 °C, with 90 °C being intermediate. Overall, feeding SO cooked at 90 °C for 72 h resulted in reduced carcass weight and dressing percentage; however, there was no evidence that feeding peroxidized SO was detrimental to shelf life of loin chops.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Gap-Don Kim
- Department of Animal Sciences, University of Illinois, Urbana, IL
- Institute of Agriculture and Life Science, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, Republic of Korea
| | - Dustin Dee Boler
- Department of Animal Sciences, University of Illinois, Urbana, IL
| | - Brian Jay Kerr
- USDA-ARS National Laboratory for Agriculture and the Environment, Ames, IA
| | - Anna C Dilger
- Department of Animal Sciences, University of Illinois, Urbana, IL
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20
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Chi X, Bi S, Xu W, Zhang Y, Liang S, Hu S. Oral administration of tea saponins to relive oxidative stress and immune suppression in chickens. Poult Sci 2018. [PMID: 28633386 PMCID: PMC7107189 DOI: 10.3382/ps/pex127] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
The present study was designed to evaluate the effects of tea saponins on oxidative stress induced by cyclophosphamide in chickens. One hundred twenty chickens were randomly divided into 5 groups. Groups 3 to 4 received intramuscular injection of cyclophosphamide to induce oxidative stress and immunosuppression. After that, groups 2 and 4 were orally administered tea saponins in drinking water for 7 d. Then, groups 1 to 4 were immunized with a live, bivalent vaccine of Newcastle disease virus and infectious bronchitis virus. Blood samples were collected for analysis of oxidative parameters and specific antibody titers, and splenocytes were prepared for lymphocyte proliferative assay. The results showed that administration of tea saponins significantly increased total antioxidant capacity, total superoxide dismutase, catalase, glutathione peroxidase, glutathione, ascorbic acid, and α-tocopherol, and decreased malondialdehyde and protein carbonyl. Enhanced immune responses, such as lymphocyte proliferation induced by concanavalin A and lipopolysaccharides, and serum Newcastle disease virus- and infectious bronchitis virus-specific antibodies were also observed in chickens injected with or without cyclophosphamide. In addition, no side effects were found in chickens throughout the study. Therefore, tea saponins may be a potential agent to improve imunosuppression induced by oxidative stress in chickens.
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Affiliation(s)
- X Chi
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, College of Animal Sci., Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310058, P. R. China
| | - S Bi
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, College of Animal Sci., Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310058, P. R. China
| | - W Xu
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, College of Animal Sci., Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310058, P. R. China
| | - Y Zhang
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, College of Animal Sci., Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310058, P. R. China
| | - S Liang
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, College of Animal Sci., Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310058, P. R. China
| | - S Hu
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, College of Animal Sci., Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310058, P. R. China.
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21
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Selenium Accumulation, Antioxidant Enzyme Levels, and Amino Acids Composition in Chinese Mitten Crab (Eriocheir sinensis) Fed Selenium-Biofortified Corn. Nutrients 2018. [PMID: 29518945 PMCID: PMC5872736 DOI: 10.3390/nu10030318] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
The effects of selenium (Se)-biofortified corn on the total Se contents, the antioxidant enzyme levels, and the amino acids composition in Chinese mitten crab (Eriocheir sinensis) during the stage of the fifth shelling to maturity were investigated in the present study. The culture density of crabs was 600 per 667 m2, and they were continuously fed 120.4 mg Se from Se-biofortified corn per 667 m2 every two days for 90 days. The results showed that the total muscle Se levels in the crabs were significantly increased (p < 0.05). Activities of hemolymph supernatant enzymes including alkaline phosphatase (AKP), lysozyme (LZM), glutathione peroxidase (GPx), and superoxide dismutase (SOD) were also enhanced (p < 0.05). The protein and crude fat levels at maturity were higher than those at the fourth molt. The levels of total essential amino acids (∑EAAs) and total delicious amino acids (∑DAAs) were significantly increased (p < 0.05). We demonstrate that the feeding of Se-biofortified corn could significantly improve total muscle Se concentrations and hemolymph supernatant antioxidant enzyme activities in Chinese mitten crab, and slow down the rapid decline of ∑EAAs and ∑DAAs at maturity, thus improving the nutritional quality of Chinese mitten crab.
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22
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Wang H, Ni X, Qing X, Liu L, Xin J, Luo M, Khalique A, Dan Y, Pan K, Jing B, Zeng D. Probiotic Lactobacillus johnsonii BS15 Improves Blood Parameters Related to Immunity in Broilers Experimentally Infected with Subclinical Necrotic Enteritis. Front Microbiol 2018; 9:49. [PMID: 29441047 PMCID: PMC5797545 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2018.00049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2017] [Accepted: 01/10/2018] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
The probiotic strain Lactobacillus johnsonii BS15 could exert beneficial effects on growth performance, lipid metabolism, and intestinal microflora in healthy broilers and those afflicted with subclinical necrotic enteritis (SNE). In particular, BS15 prevents SNE by enhancing intestinal immunity. To further understand the immune regulatory mechanism of BS15, we evaluated its effects on the overall immunity of broilers by determining blood parameters in healthy and SNE broilers. In this study, two experiments were conducted. Experiment 1 involved a 42-day experimental period and used 450 1-day-old male chicks. The chicks were randomly divided into three groups and fed with a basal diet with or without 1 × 105 or 106 colony-forming units (cfu) BS15/g as feed. Experiment 2 involved a 28-day experimental period and used 180 1-day-old male chicks. The chicks were randomly allotted into three groups and given with or without 1 × 106 cfu BS15/g BS15 as feed. SNE infection was treated in all broilers, except in those in the normal diet group. Antioxidant abilities, immunoglobulins, and cytokines in the serum were assessed. T-lymphocyte subsets in peripheral blood were also determined. The first experiment demonstrated that BS15 enhanced the antioxidant abilities; the serum levels of immunoglobulins, interleukin-2, and interferon-gamma; and CD3+CD4+ T-lymphocyte percentage in peripheral blood on day 21. However, limited significant changes were observed on day 42. The second experiment revealed that BS15 supplementation positively influenced the antioxidant abilities and increased the serum levels of immunoglobulins and cytokines that were affected by SNE. BS15 also positively affected T-lymphocyte subsets in peripheral blood during SNE infection. These findings suggest that BS15 supplementation may prevent SNE in broilers by improving blood parameters related to immunity and enhancing intestinal immunity. Furthermore, BS15 supplementation can improve blood parameters in healthy broilers, especially at the starter phase.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hesong Wang
- Animal Microecology Institute, College of Veterinary, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Xueqin Ni
- Animal Microecology Institute, College of Veterinary, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Xiaodan Qing
- Animal Microecology Institute, College of Veterinary, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Lei Liu
- Animal Microecology Institute, College of Veterinary, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Jinge Xin
- Animal Microecology Institute, College of Veterinary, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Min Luo
- Animal Microecology Institute, College of Veterinary, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Abdul Khalique
- Animal Microecology Institute, College of Veterinary, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Yan Dan
- Chongqing Fisheries Science Research Institute, Chongqing, China
| | - Kangcheng Pan
- Animal Microecology Institute, College of Veterinary, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Bo Jing
- Animal Microecology Institute, College of Veterinary, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Dong Zeng
- Animal Microecology Institute, College of Veterinary, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
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23
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Răduță A, Curcă D. Organic selenium effect on body temperature and body weight in broilers. THE EUROBIOTECH JOURNAL 2017. [DOI: 10.24190/issn2564-615x/2017/04.10] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
The research was conducted on a group of 20 3-weeks-old chicken from the Cobb breed that were divided into two batches. Both batches received a 21/1 ratio feed diet for broiler chicken in their finishing period. The experimental group feed was supplemented with 0.5 ppm selenium, with 0.25 ALKOSEL R397 g/kg mixed fodder. 30 days into this feeding regime, the following determinations were made weekly: body weight, body temperature and computerized thermography of the comb and wattle. The obtained results were tabled and bio statistically analyzed revealing that individuals in the experimental batch showed statistically significant increases of the values for body weight (average body weight was 14.78% larger than that of the control batch) and of the temperature measured in the combs (average temperature was 12.97% higher) and wattles (average temperature was 4.12% higher). The experimental group also registered a higher core body temperature, but not statistically significant in comparison with the control group. Association of the higher values of core and peripheral body temperature with increased body weight in the individuals from the experimental group, correlated with an increased number of red blood cells and lower cholesterol levels suggest an improved basal metabolism and a better feed conversion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adrian Răduță
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Splaiul Independenței, nr. 105, Bucharest , România
| | - Dumitru Curcă
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Splaiul Independenței, nr. 105, Bucharest , România
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24
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Fan R, Cao C, Zhao X, Shi Q, Zhao J, Xu S. Downregulated long noncoding RNA ALDBGALG0000005049 induces inflammation in chicken muscle suffered from selenium deficiency by regulating stearoyl-CoA desaturase. Oncotarget 2017; 8:52761-52774. [PMID: 28881768 PMCID: PMC5581067 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.17187] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2017] [Accepted: 03/12/2017] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) have been demonstrated to play a pivotal role in proliferation and differentiation of muscles. However, the study on the roles of lncRNAs in Selenium (Se) deficiency induced muscle injury is still unclear. In this study, deep sequencing was performed to profile lncRNAs and mRNAs of the muscles from the Se deficiency (-Se group) and control (C group) chickens. The results revealed that 38 lncRNAs (23 up-regulated and 15 down-regulated) and 687 mRNAs (285 up-regulated and 402 down-regulated) were significantly dysregulated expressed, and the significantly dysregulated pathway including Phagosome, Cardiac muscle contraction, and Peroxisome Proliferator-Activated Receptor (PPAR) in -Se group. The regulatory relationship between ALDBGALG0000005049 and stearoyl-CoA desaturase (SCD), which involved in PPAR pathway was verified. The results also showed that the decreased expressions of SCD, PPARα, PPARβ and PPARγ, and the increased expressions of interleukin (IL)-1β, IL-6, IL-8, and chemokine (C-C motif) ligand 4 (CCL4) along with silencing of ALDBGALG0000005049 in chicken myoblasts. Moreover, increased expressions of IL-1β, IL-6, IL-8, and CCL4 and inflammatory cell infiltration in microstructure of chicken muscles treated with Se deficiency were observed. This study displayed an overview of aberrantly expressed lncRNAs and mRNAs profiles and PPAR pathway, and revealed that downregulation of ALDBGALG0000005049 caused inflammation by regulating SCD in chicken muscle resulted from Se deficiency.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruifeng Fan
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, P. R. China
| | - Changyu Cao
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, P. R. China
| | - Xia Zhao
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, P. R. China
| | - Qunxiang Shi
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, P. R. China
| | - Jinxin Zhao
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, P. R. China
| | - Shiwen Xu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, P. R. China
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25
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Makri S, Kafantaris I, Stagos D, Chamokeridou T, Petrotos K, Gerasopoulos K, Mpesios A, Goutzourelas N, Kokkas S, Goulas P, Komiotis D, Kouretas D. Novel feed including bioactive compounds from winery wastes improved broilers' redox status in blood and tissues of vital organs. Food Chem Toxicol 2017; 102:24-31. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2017.01.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2016] [Revised: 01/17/2017] [Accepted: 01/23/2017] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
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26
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Wang J, Zhang H, Samuel K, Long C, Wu S, Yue H, Sun L, Qi G. Effects of dietary pyrroloquinoline quinone disodium on growth, carcass characteristics, redox status, and mitochondria metabolism in broilers. Poult Sci 2015; 94:215-25. [DOI: 10.3382/ps/peu050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/10/2014] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
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27
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A Comparison of Growth, Immunity and Oxidative Status of Broilers that Differ in Hatching Weight at Early Age. J Poult Sci 2015. [DOI: 10.2141/jpsa.0140095] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
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28
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Sun H, Deng T, Fu J. Chicken 15-kDa selenoprotein plays important antioxidative function in splenocytes. Biol Trace Elem Res 2014; 161:288-96. [PMID: 25249069 DOI: 10.1007/s12011-014-0126-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2014] [Accepted: 09/09/2014] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
The 15-kDa selenoprotein (Sep15) is a thioredoxin-like protein. The expression of Sep15 is regulated by dietary selenium (Se) and plays important roles in mammals. However, the structure and function of chicken Sep15 and its response to Se are still unclear. In the present study, we replicated the chicken Se deficiency models and Sep15 deficiency models in splenocytes. Then, the homology, structure analysis, and levels of Sep15 were analyzed. In addition, the oxidative stress levels were examined in Sep15 deficiency splenocytes. The results indicated that chicken Sep15 preserved high similarity with that of other 14 animals in the coding nucleotide sequences (CDS) and deduced amino acid sequence, which suggested that chicken Sep15 may be derived from the same ancestor with other animals. The predicted structure and function showed that chicken Sep15 preserved the conserved thioredoxin-like fold CxU, which suggested an antioxidative function. Chicken Sep15 was also decreased by Se deficiency in immune organs (P < 0.05). In addition, Sep15 deficiency induced the occurrence of higher oxidative stress and enhanced the sensitivity of cells to H2O2 (P < 0.05). So the in vitro study further verified its antioxidative function. Thus, similar to its mammal homolog, chicken Sep15 preserves the typical characteristic of selenoprotein and may play some roles in the redox regulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huijie Sun
- College of Computer Science and Technology, Harbin Engineering University, Harbin, 150001, People's Republic of China
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29
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Wu Q, Yao HD, Tan SR, Zhang ZW, Zhu YH, Xu S. Possible correlation of selenoprotein W with inflammation factors in chicken skeletal muscles. Biol Trace Elem Res 2014; 161:167-72. [PMID: 25123462 DOI: 10.1007/s12011-014-0092-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2014] [Accepted: 07/25/2014] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
The aim of the present study was to investigate the possible correlation of selenoprotein W (SelW) with inflammatory injury induced by dietary selenium (Se) deficiency in chicken. One-day-old male chickens were fed either a commercial diet or a Se-deficient diet for 55 days. Then, the expression levels of SelW messenger RNA (mRNA) and inflammation-related genes (NF-κB, TNF-α, iNOS, COX-2, and PTGES) in chicken skeletal muscles (wing muscle, pectoral muscle, and thigh muscle) were determined at 15, 25, 35, 45, and 55 days old, respectively. In addition, the correlation between SelW mRNA expression and inflammation-related genes were assessed. The results showed that dietary Se deficiency reduced the mRNA expression of SelW in chicken wing, pectorals, and thigh muscles. In contrast, Se deficiency increased the mRNA expression levels of inflammation-related genes in chicken skeletal muscle tissues at different time points. The Pearson's correlation coefficients showed that the mRNA expression levels of inflammation-related genes were significantly negative related to SelW (p < 0.05). These data showed that Se deficiency induced the inflammatory response in chicken skeletal muscle. As one important selenoprotein gene in skeletal muscles, SelW may play a role in the regulation of inflammation reaction in Se-deficiency myopathy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiong Wu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, 59 Mucai Street, Xiangfang District, Harbin, 150030, People's Republic of China
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30
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Zhang JL, Zhang ZW, Shan AS, Xu SW. Effects of dietary selenium deficiency or excess on gene expression of selenoprotein N in chicken muscle tissues. Biol Trace Elem Res 2014; 157:234-41. [PMID: 24488809 DOI: 10.1007/s12011-014-9893-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2013] [Accepted: 01/08/2014] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
Previous studies have determined the effects of dietary selenium (Se) supplementation on selenoprotein N (SelN, SEPN1), selenophosphate synthetase-1 (SPS1), and selenocysteine-synthase (SecS) mRNA abundance in chicken skeletal and cardiac muscles. To investigate collective responses of these genes to dietary Se concentrations ranging from deficiency to moderately high level in muscle tissues of chicken, 1-day-old chickens were exposed to a diet of deficient Se and supplemented with Se (0.15 mg Se/kg and 1.50 mg Se/kg) as sodium selenite in the feed for 35 days. Muscle tissues (flight, breast, leg, and cardiac muscles) were collected and examined for Se content and mRNA levels of SelN on days 1, 15, 25, and 35 days, respectively. Moreover, SPS1 and SecS mRNA levels were analyzed. The results showed that the expression of SelN gene in cardiac muscle responded to dietary Se concentrations. SelN gene was downregulated in the Se deficiency group (L group), and upregulated in the Se excess group (H group) compared with the moderate Se group (M group) (P < 0.05) in cardiac muscle. Se deficiency mainly unregulated SelN mRNA level in skeletal muscles compared with M group. Excess dietary Se mainly resulted in the upregulation of SelN mRNA level in skeletal muscles compared with the M group. SecS mRNA levels responded to dietary Se concentrations showed a similar change compared with SelN in cardiac muscle. SPS1 mRNA levels responded to dietary Se concentrations showed a downregulation in L group and upregulation in H group. However, SelN mRNA levels displayed a different expression pattern in different skeletal and cardiac muscles. Moreover, Se also regulated the levels of SPS1 and SecS mRNAs. In summary, Se regulated the expression of SelN gene and affected the mRNA levels of SecS and SPS1. The level of Se in the feed may regulate SelN biosynthesis by affecting the levels of SPS1 and SecS mRNA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiu-li Zhang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, People's Republic of China
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31
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Nogales F, Ojeda ML, Fenutría M, Murillo ML, Carreras O. Role of selenium and glutathione peroxidase on development, growth, and oxidative balance in rat offspring. Reproduction 2013; 146:659-67. [DOI: 10.1530/rep-13-0267] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
Selenium (Se), an essential trace metal, is important in both growth and reproduction and is the constituent of different selenoproteins. The glutathione peroxidase (GPx) family is the most studied as it prevents oxidative stress. Liver oxidation is considered as another mechanism involved in low birth weight. Therefore, in order to ascertain whether GPx is related to the effects of Se on growth during gestation and lactation, three groups of rat pups were used: control, Se deficient (SD), and Se supplemented (SS). Morphological parameters and reproductive indices were evaluated. Hepatic Se levels were measured by graphite furnace atomic absorption while spectrophotometry was used for activity of antioxidant enzymes and oxidative stress markers in liver and western blotting for expression of hepatic GPx1 and GPx4. The SD diet increased mortality at birth; decreased viability and survival indices; and stunted growth, length, and liver development in offspring, thus decreasing hepatic Se levels, GPx, glutathione reductase, and catalase activities, while increasing superoxide dismutase activity and protein oxidation. The SS diet counteracted all the above results. GPx1 expression was heavily regulated by Se dietary intake; however, although Se dietary deficiency reduced GPx4 expression, this decrease was not as pronounced. Therefore, it can be concluded that Se dietary intake is intimately related to growth, length, and directly regulating GPx activity primarily via GPx1 and secondly to GPx4, thus affecting liver oxidation and development. These results suggest that if risk of uterine growth retardation is suspected, or if a neonate with low birth weight presents with signs of liver oxidation, it may be beneficial to know about Se status.
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33
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Sihvo HK, Immonen K, Puolanne E. Myodegeneration With Fibrosis and Regeneration in the Pectoralis Major Muscle of Broilers. Vet Pathol 2013; 51:619-23. [DOI: 10.1177/0300985813497488] [Citation(s) in RCA: 335] [Impact Index Per Article: 30.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
A myopathy affecting the pectoralis major muscle of the commercial broiler has emerged creating remarkable economic losses as well as a potential welfare problem of the birds. We here describe the macroscopic and histologic lesions of this myopathy within 10 pectoralis major muscles of 5- to 6-week-old broilers in Finland. Following macroscopic evaluation and palpation of the muscles, a tissue sample of each was fixed in formalin, processed for histology, and histologically evaluated. The muscles that were macroscopically hard, outbulging, pale, and often accompanied with white striping histologically exhibited moderate to severe polyphasic myodegeneration with regeneration as well as a variable amount of interstitial connective tissue accumulation or fibrosis. All affected cases also exhibited perivenular lymphocyte accumulation. The etiology of this myodegenerative lesion remains yet open. Polyphasic myodegeneration is associated with several previously known etiologies, but palpatory hardness focusing on the pectoralis major, together with perivenular lymphocytes, has not been described in relation to them. The results of this study provide the pathological basis for further studies concerning the etiology of the currently described myopathy.
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Affiliation(s)
- H.-K. Sihvo
- Faculty of Agriculture and Forestry, University of Helsinki, Finland
| | - K. Immonen
- Faculty of Agriculture and Forestry, University of Helsinki, Finland
| | - E. Puolanne
- Faculty of Agriculture and Forestry, University of Helsinki, Finland
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34
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Yao HD, Wu Q, Zhang ZW, Zhang JL, Li S, Huang JQ, Ren FZ, Xu SW, Wang XL, Lei XG. Gene expression of endoplasmic reticulum resident selenoproteins correlates with apoptosis in various muscles of se-deficient chicks. J Nutr 2013; 143:613-9. [PMID: 23514769 PMCID: PMC3738234 DOI: 10.3945/jn.112.172395] [Citation(s) in RCA: 177] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Dietary selenium (Se) deficiency causes muscular dystrophy in various species, but the molecular mechanism remains unclear. Our objectives were to investigate: 1) if dietary Se deficiency induced different amounts of oxidative stress, lipid peroxidation, and cell apoptosis in 3 skeletal muscles; and 2) if the distribution and expression of 4 endoplasmic reticulum (ER) resident selenoprotein genes (Sepn1, Selk, Sels, and Selt) were related to oxidative damages in these muscles. Two groups of day-old layer chicks (n = 60/group) were fed a corn-soy basal diet (33 μg Se/kg; produced in the Se-deficient area of Heilongjiang, China) or the diet supplemented with Se (as sodium selenite) at 0.15 mg/kg for 55 d. Dietary Se deficiency resulted in accelerated (P < 0.05) cell apoptosis that was associated with decreased glutathione peroxidase activity and elevated lipid peroxidation in these muscles. All these responses were stronger in the pectoral muscle than in the thigh and wing muscles (P < 0.05). Relative distribution of the 4 ER resident selenoprotein gene mRNA amounts and their responses to dietary Se deficiency were consistent with the resultant oxidative stress and cell apoptosis in the 3 muscles. Expression of Sepn1, Sels, and Selt in these muscles was correlated with (r > 0.72; P < 0.05) that of Sepsecs encoding a key enzyme for biosynthesis of selenocysteine (selenocysteinyl-tRNA synthase). In conclusion, the pectoral muscle demonstrated unique expression patterns of the ER resident selenoprotein genes and GPx activity, along with elevated susceptibility to oxidative cell death, compared with the other skeletal muscles. These features might help explain why it is a primary target of Se deficiency diseases in chicks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hai-Dong Yao
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Qiong Wu
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Zi-Wei Zhang
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Jiu-Li Zhang
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Shu Li
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Jia-Qiang Huang
- College of Food Science and Nutrition Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Fa-Zheng Ren
- College of Food Science and Nutrition Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Shi-Wen Xu
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China,To whom correspondence may be addressed. E-mail: , , or
| | - Xiao-Long Wang
- Wildlife Resource College and Center of Conservation Medicine and Ecological Safety, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China; and,To whom correspondence may be addressed. E-mail: , , or
| | - Xin Gen Lei
- College of Food Science and Nutrition Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China,Department of Animal Science, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY,To whom correspondence may be addressed. E-mail: , , or
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35
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Wu Q, Yao HD, Zhang ZW, Zhang B, Meng FY, Xu SW, Wang XL. Possible correlation between selenoprotein W and myogenic regulatory factors in chicken embryonic myoblasts. Biol Trace Elem Res 2012; 150:166-72. [PMID: 23054870 DOI: 10.1007/s12011-012-9520-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2012] [Accepted: 10/01/2012] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
The biological function of selenium (Se) is mainly elicited through Se-containing proteins. Selenoprotein W (SelW), one member of the selenoprotein family, is essential for the normal function of the skeletal muscle system. To investigate the possible relationship of Se in the process of differentiation in chicken myoblasts and the expression of SelW, the cultured chicken embryonic myoblasts were incubated with sodium selenite at different concentrations for 72 h, and then the mRNA levels of SelW and myogenic regulatory factors (MRFs) in myoblasts were determined at 12, 24, 48, and 72 h, respectively. Furthermore, the correlation between SelW mRNA expression and MRF mRNA expression was assessed. The results showed that the sodium selenite medium enhanced the mRNA expression of SelW, Myf-5, MRF4, and myogenin in chicken myoblasts. The mRNA expression levels of MRFs were significantly correlated with those of SelW at 24, 48, and 72 h. These data demonstrate that Se is involved in the differentiation of chicken embryonic myoblasts, and SelW showed correlation with MRFs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiong Wu
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, People's Republic of China
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36
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Zhang ZW, Wang QH, Zhang JL, Li S, Wang XL, Xu SW. Effects of oxidative stress on immunosuppression induced by selenium deficiency in chickens. Biol Trace Elem Res 2012; 149:352-61. [PMID: 22585387 DOI: 10.1007/s12011-012-9439-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2012] [Accepted: 04/23/2012] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
Selenium (Se) is an important nutritional trace element possessing immune-stimulatory properties. The aim of this 75-day study was to investigate effect of oxidative stress on immunosuppression induced by selenium deficiency by determining antioxidative function, morphological changes, DNA damage, and immune function in immune organ of chickens. One hundred sixty 1-day-old chickens (egg-type birds) were randomly assigned to two groups of 80 each and were fed on a low-Se diet (0.032 mg/kg Se) or a control diet (0.282 mg/kg Se, sodium selenite), respectively. Se contents in blood and immune organ (thymus, spleen, bursa of Fabricius) were determined on days 30, 45, 60, and 75, respectively. Antioxidative function was examined by total antioxidant capacity (T-AOC), superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px), and xanthine oxidase (XOD), and oxidative damage was examined by malondialdehyde (MDA) detection. DNA damage was measured by comet assay, and immune function was examined by determining serum interleukin-1β (IL-1β), interleukin-2 (IL-2), and tumor necrosis factor (TNF) contents. The results showed that Se concentrations in the low-Se group were significantly lower (P < 0.05) than in the control group. Low-Se diet caused a decrease in the activities of T-AOC, SOD, GSH-Px, and an increase in XOD activity and MDA content. Pathological lesions and DNA damage of immune tissues were observed in low-Se group, while the serum IL-1β and IL-2 contents decreased, and TNF content increased. The present study demonstrated that chickens fed deficient in Se diets exhibited lesions in immune organs, decreased serum IL-1β, IL-2 content, and serum TNF content, indicating that oxidative stress inhibited the development of immune organs and finally impaired the immune function of chickens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zi-wei Zhang
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, People's Republic of China
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Ruan H, Zhang Z, Wu Q, Yao H, Li J, Li S, Xu S. Selenium regulates gene expression of selenoprotein W in chicken skeletal muscle system. Biol Trace Elem Res 2012; 145:59-65. [PMID: 21837452 DOI: 10.1007/s12011-011-9166-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2011] [Accepted: 07/27/2011] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
Abstract
Selenoprotein W (SelW) is abundantly expressed in skeletal muscles of mammals and necessary for the metabolism of skeletal muscles. However, its expression pattern in skeletal muscle system of birds is still uncovered. Herein, to investigate the distribution of SelW mRNA in chicken skeletal muscle system and its response to different selenium (Se) status, 1-day-old chickens were exposed to various concentrations of Se as sodium selenite in the feed for 35 days. In addition, myoblasts were treated with different concentrations of Se in the medium for 72 h. Then the levels of SelW mRNA in skeletal muscles (wing muscle, pectoral muscle, thigh muscle) and myoblasts were determined on days 1, 15, 25, and 35 and at 0, 24, 48, and 72 h, respectively. The results showed that SelW was detected in all these muscle components and it increased both along with the growth of organism and the differentiation process of myoblasts. The thigh muscle is more responsive to Se intake than the other two skeletal muscle tissues while the optimal Se supplementation for SelW mRNA expression in chicken myoblasts was 10(-7) M. In summary, Se plays important roles in the development of chicken skeletal muscles. To effect optimal SelW gene expression, Se must be provided in the diet and the media in adequate amounts and neither at excessive nor deficient levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongfeng Ruan
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, People's Republic of China.
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Tawfik MS, Al-Badr N. Adverse Effects of Monosodium Glutamate on Liver and Kidney Functions in Adult Rats and Potential Protective Effect of Vitamins C and E. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2012. [DOI: 10.4236/fns.2012.35089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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Bou R, Codony R, Tres A, Decker EA, Guardiola F. Dietary strategies to improve nutritional value, oxidative stability, and sensory properties of poultry products. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2010; 49:800-22. [PMID: 20443160 DOI: 10.1080/10408390902911108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
Consumers demand both safer and more nutritious food products exempt of non-natural origin preservatives or other food additives. In this frame, products with lower fat content and/or a higher ratio in unsaturated fatty acids, especially n-3 fatty acids, are desired because these lipids can help prevent the development of cardiovascular and inflammatory pathologies. The intake of meat products is of interest because they are an excellent source of vitamins and minerals. In addition, the shelf-life of meat products can be extended by the presence of natural antioxidants coming from different sources such as plant extracts. Therefore, different strategies have been studied to improve the nutritional value, oxidative stability, and sensory characteristics of meat products and eggs through different mineral and natural dietary supplements. In comparison to other strategies, dietary supplements present the advantage that first the living animals may efficiently distribute the compounds throughout the tissues and second, the dietary supplementation is safer because the resulting enriched meat products and eggs ensure tolerable amounts in humans. Poultry meats and eggs are widely consumed and their fatty acid profile and tocopherol content can be easily modified through different dietary strategies thus being excellent models to improve their nutritional value and oxidative stability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ricard Bou
- Nutrition and Food Science Department-XaRTA-INSA, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain. ricard
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Gao J, Lin H, Wang X, Song Z, Jiao H. Vitamin E supplementation alleviates the oxidative stress induced by dexamethasone treatment and improves meat quality in broiler chickens. Poult Sci 2010; 89:318-27. [DOI: 10.3382/ps.2009-00216] [Citation(s) in RCA: 78] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
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Ryu YC, Rhee MS, Lee KM, Kim BC. Effects of different levels of dietary supplemental selenium on performance, lipid oxidation, and color stability of broiler chicks. Poult Sci 2005; 84:809-15. [PMID: 15913195 DOI: 10.1093/ps/84.5.809] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
This study examined the effects of supplemental dietary selenium on growth performance, lipid oxidation, and color stability of broiler chicks. Male broiler chicks (Arbor Acres, 1 d old, total 900 chicks) were randomly assigned to 6 pens containing 30 chicks each, corresponding to each of 6 dietary treatments. Six different diets were supplied to the chicks from 3 to 6 wk of age. After 42 d of feeding, all the broilers were slaughtered conventionally at a slaughtering plant. The carcasses were packed in polyethylene bags in a manner similar to that used for retail trade and stored for 12 d at 4 degrees C. Body weight and feed efficiency were not affected by dietary selenium levels, and no adverse effect on growth was observed during the experimental period. The dietary selenium and alpha-tocopherol levels did not affect surface meat color or level of metmyoglobin accumulation. Lipid stability was improved by supplementation with 100 IU of alpha-tocopherol (P < 0.05). Dietary selenium supplementation at 8 ppm in combination with 100 IU of alpha-tocopherol, however, was more effective in reducing lipid oxidation compared with 100 IU of alpha-tocopherol/kg feed only (P < 0.05). Supplementation with 100 IU of alpha-tocopherol affected cholesterol oxidation product levels on d 7 and 12, but selenium supplementation did not have an additional effect on the reduction of cholesterol oxidation products. Therefore, an increase in the dietary selenium from 1 to 8 ppm revealed only minor improvements in the oxidative stability of chicken meat during refrigerated storage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y C Ryu
- Division of Food Science, Korea University, 5-ga, Anam-dong, Sungbuk-gu, Seoul 136701, Korea
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Nunes VA, Gozzo AJ, Juliano MA, César MC, Sampaio MU, Sampaio CAM, Araújo MS. Antioxidant dietary deficiency induces caspase activation in chick skeletal muscle cells. Braz J Med Biol Res 2003; 36:1047-53. [PMID: 12886458 DOI: 10.1590/s0100-879x2003000800010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Apoptosis and necrosis are two distinct forms of cell death that can occur in response to different agents and stress conditions. In order to verify if the oxidative stress induced by dietary selenium and vitamin E deficiencies can lead muscle cells to apoptosis, one-day-old chicks were reared using diets differing in their vitamin E (0 or 10 IU/kg) and selenium (0 or 0.15 ppm) supplementation. Chick skeletal muscle tissue was obtained from 28-day-old animals and used to verify apoptosis occurrence based on caspase activity detection and DNA fragmentation. Antioxidant deficiency significantly increased caspase-like activity assessed by the hydrolysis of fluorogenic peptide substrates (Abz-peptidyl-EDDnp) at lambda exc = 320 nm and lambda em = 420 nm. Proteolytic activation was not accompanied by typical internucleosomal DNA fragmentation detected by field inversion gel electrophoresis. Although the general caspase inhibitor N-benzyloxycarbonyl-Val-Ala-Asp(O-Me) fluoromethyl ketone (Z-VAD-fmk) (0 to 80 muM) did not block caspase-like activity when preincubated for 30 min with muscle homogenates, the hydrolyzed substrates presented the same cleavage profile in HPLC (at the aspartic acid residue) when incubated with the purified recombinant enzyme caspase-3. These data indicate that oxidative stress causes caspase-like activation in muscle cells and suggest that cell death associated with exudative diathesis (dietary deficiency of selenium and vitamin E) can follow the apoptotic pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- V A Nunes
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Escola Paulista de Medicina, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brasil
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